Group1-2-4pm-MW WITH ANSWERS

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Lesson 1.

1: Philosophical Perspective
Group 1 Names: Joyce M. Baclayon
Hanzel Balabrino
Schedule: MW- 2:30-3:00PM
Subject: Understanding the Self
Instructor: Jetro Macayan

Objectives:

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to;


1. Articulate in your own words the concepts of the Self as expounded by different philosophers;
2. Synthesize the recurrent themes related to understanding the Self according to philosophers in
different historical periods;
3. Distinguish the core differences between Western and Eastern thoughts of the Self;
4. Demonstrate critical and reflective analysis of your life by applying the perspective of any of the
philosophers.

PRETEST- 10/10
1. In this period, we will discuss Socrates’ dialectic, Plato’s dualism, and Aristotle’s critiques on Plato’s
idea of the soul, matter, and form.
A. Ancient Period
B. Renaissance Period
2. Relating this to understanding the Self, Aristotle may agree with Plato that we establish an as a
goal in life, but he reminds us that we need to ground ourselves to reality.
A. ideal self
B. Substance
3. Is a specific attitude or manner through which a person thinks about something.
A. Philosophers
B. Philosophical Perspective
4. There are three concepts you need to remember in this period: (1) Inductive method, (2) doubt, and
(3) selfish human nature
A. Medieval Period
B. Renaissance Period
5. means the reason why a particular thing exists.
A. Purpose
B. Doubt
6. He started the scientific tradition when he wrote in Advancement of Learning (1891) and Novum
Organum (1844).
A. Aristotle
B. Bacon
7. Renaissance philosophers are also concerned for society. One of the philosophers who started
modern political philosophy, his social construct theory is based on selfish human nature he wrote in
his book, Leviathan (2004)
A. Thomas Hobbes
B. Augustine of Hippo
8. emerged as a school of thought when Master K’ung FuTzu, popularly known as Confucius, lived
during the warring states period of China.
A. Existentialism
B. Confucianism
9. In Modern period There are eight terms you need to remember about existentialism, Except;
A. Eternal recurrence
B. Essence
C. being-thrown-in-the world
10. The common goal of existentialism.
A. Authentic
B. Dasein

ACTIVITY 1

Let us go back to the illustration of the six blind persons. This time, label these six blind persons
according to your top six philosophers whose views of the Self are most relatable.

When you selected your Top 6 philosophers, your answers indicate that you agree with their point-of-
view. However, remember those are their perspectives. There other philosophers and scholars who
have different opinions about the Self not included in the roster of this learning guide. Have an open
mind to listen to great thinkers’ wisdom, but have a critical mind to filter the ideas they preach. At the
end of the day, as you deeply examine yourself, you may use words to describe this “elephant” and
develop your own philosophy in life.
DISCUSSION

In this activity we will able to discuss the philosophical perspective on how the Philosophers say
different things about the self because they were born in different times and places. There are periods
that contain concepts that we should remember in philosophical perspective.

In the ancient period, we will discuss Socrates’ dialectic, Plato’s dualism, and Aristotle’s critiques on
Plato’s idea of the soul, matter, and form. Through the discussion of these monumental philosophers
belonging to three different generations, you will learn the early beginnings of inquiries of “how to take
care of the self” in Ancient Greek society.

In the medieval period, we will tackle two of the greatest philosopher-saints in Christendom, Augustine
of Hippo and Thomas Aquinas. The former follows Plato’s dualism while the latter emulates Aristotle’s
scholastic stance. Despite different philosophical leanings, both scholars shed light during the “dark
ages,” particularly finding the Self concerning grand concepts like God, soul, and man’s rational nature

During the Renaissance, knowledge is no longer exclusive to church fathers. It was this time that the
printing press was invented, and knowledge is now available to the masses. Compared to the other
historical periods in Europe, during the Renaissance, many people can read and write even if they are
not priests or royals. This new status quo ushered many alternative ideas to flourish, aside from those
coming from the church’s authorities

ACTIVITY 2

So in this activity you were going to indicate in the BOX in what periods the following philosophers
appropriate and also below the philosophers name write in what concepts that they perform or
discussed that should remember in the period based on philosophical perspective.

ANCIENT PERIOD MEDIEVAL PERIOD RENAISSANCE PERIOD

A. SOCRATES A. FRANCIS BACON A.FRANCIS BACON

-Dialectic Method Privation Inductive Method

B. PLATO B. THOMAS AQUINAS B. RENE DESCARTES

-Ideal Essence and Purpose Doubt

C. ARISTOTLE C. THOMAS HOBBES

-Substance Selfish Human Nature


POSTTEST- 10/10

1-5 IDENTIFY THE PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIIVE

1. “The soul of man is immortal and imperishable”


PLATO
2. “He who has a why to live for can bear any how”
3. NIETZCHE
4. “Do not do unto others what you do not want others do unto you.”
CONFUCIUS
5. “Know Thyself”
SOCRATES

6-10 TRUE OR FALSE

6. There are only two philosophical perspective in Ancient Period;


a. True
b. False
7. In the medieval period, there are the greatest philosopher-saints in Christendom,
Augustine of Hippo and Thomas Aquinas.
a. True
b. False
8. During the Modern period, knowledge is no longer exclusive to church fathers. It was this
time that the printing press was invented, and knowledge is now available to the masses.
a. True
b. False
9. In renaissance period there are three concepts you need to remember in this period:
(1)essence, (2) doubt, and (3) privation
a. True
b. False
10. Philosophy offers a wide variety of ways of thinking about the notion of the self
a. True
b. False

Here is the quiz link. https://quizizz.com/join/quiz/615c97c1834322001d7a5ffa/start?studentShare=true

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