Licenciatura en Educación Infantil
Licenciatura en Educación Infantil
Licenciatura en Educación Infantil
FUNDAMENTOS DE MATEMÁTICAS
UNIDAD: 5 ECUACIONES LINEALES, CUADRATICAS Y NOTACION
CIENTIFICA
NEIVA
2020
Punto 1
R/
5 x – 11 (15x – 19 ) = 0
5x – 15x + 19 – 11 = 0
-10 x + 8 = 0
-10x = - 8
X = 4/5
R/
12x - 48 – (- 15x – 30) = 0
12x + 15x + 30 – 48 = 0
27x = 18
X = 18/27
X = 2/3
16. 2x + 17 = 3x + 7
R/
2x + 17 – (3x + 7) = 0
2x – 3x – 7 + 17 = 0
-1 x + 10 = 0
- x = - 10
X = -10 / -1
X = + 10
17. 10 - 5x = x - 2
R/
10 – 5x – (x -2) = 0
-5x – x + 2 + 10 = 0
-6x + 12 = 0
18. 70 - 3x = 4x
R/
70 – 3x = 4x
70 – 3x – (4x) = 0
-7x + 70 = 0
-7x = -70
= -70 / -7
X = +10
19. 48-3x=5x
R/
48 – 3x = 5x
48 – 3x – (5x) = 0
-8x + 48 = 0
-8x = -48
X = - 48/-8
X = +6
R/
-4x + 30 = - 3x – 10
- 4x + 30 – (-3x – 10) = 0
- 4x + 3x + 10 + 30 = 0
-1x + 40 = 0
-x = - 40
X = -40/ -1
X = + 40
3x
21. +2=x+4
2
R/
ax
+ 2 - 2 = x + 4 -2
2
ax
= x +2
2
ax
*2=x*2+2*2
2
ax = 2x +4
ax + 2x = 2x + 4 – 2x
ax – 2x = 4
x (a – 2) = 4
x( a−2) 4
=
a−2 a−2
4
X=
a−2
a≠2
x x−6
22. x – 8 = –
2 3
R/
x x−6
X-8= –
2 3
x−6
X * 6 -8 * 6 = *6
3
6x – 48 = 3x – 2 (x – 6)
6x – 48 = 3x – 2x + 12
6x – 48 = x + 12
6x – 48 + 48 = x + 12 + 48
6x = x + 60
6x – x = x + 60 – x
5x = 60
X = 12
3X X
23. X- = +3
4 7
R/
X = 28
3x X
X * 28 - ∗28= ∗28+3∗28
4 7
28x – 21 x = 4x + 84
7x = 4x + 84
7x – 4x = 4x + 84 - 4x
3x = 84
3 X 84
+
3 3
X = 28
Punto 2
3. x2 - 6x – 27 = 0
R/
x2 − 6x−27 = 0x2- 6x – 27 = 0
x2 − 6x = 27 x2 - 6x = 27
( b2 ) 2
= (−3) 2
x2 − 6x + (−3)2=27 + (−3)2
x2 − 6x + 9 = 36x2
-6x + 9 = 36
(x−3)2 =36
X = 9; −3
4. x2 - 6x + 9 = 0
R/
X * 2 – 6x + 9 = 0
-4x + 9 = 0
-4x +9 - 9 = 0 -9
-4x = -9
−4 x −9
=
−4 −4
9
X=
4
5. x2 - 9x + 14 = 0
R/
X * 2- 9x + 14 = 0
7x + 14 = 0
-7x + 14 - 14 = 0 - 14
-7x = -14
−7 x −14
=
−7 −7
X=2
6. x2 - 6x + 8 = 0
R/
X * 2 – 6x + 8 = 0
-4x + 8 = 0
-4x + 8 – 8 = 0 – 8
-4x = -8
−4 x −8
=
−4 −4
X=2
7. 2x2 + 10x - 48 = 0
R/
2x2 + 10x – 48 = 0
−b ± √b −4 ac
2
X1,2 =
2a
a=2
b = 10
c = - 48
−10 ± √ 10 −4∗2 (−48 )
2
X1,2 =
2∗2
8. x2- 9x + 18 = 0
R/
18
X= decimal x: 2.57142
7
X * 2 – 9x + 18 = 0
-7x + 18 = 0
-7x +18 – 18 = 0 – 18
-7x = - 18
−7 x −18
=
−7 −7
18
X=
7
9. x2 + 8x + 15 = 0
R/
−b ± √b 2−4 ac
X 1,2 =
2a
−8+ √ 8 −4 . 1 .15
2
a= x= = -3
2.1
−8−√ 8 −4 .1 . 15
2
x = x= = -5
2.1
x = -3, x = -5
10. x2 + 6x = - 9
R/
X2 + 6X – (-9) = 0
X2 + 6X + 9 = 0
a=1
b=6
c = +9
Δ = b2 – 4 ac
Δ = 62 – 4 * 1 * 9
Δ=Ø
−b −6
X= = = -3
2a 2
11. 4x2 + 4x =3
R/
4x2 + 4x – (3) = 0
a=4
b=4
c = -3
Δ = b2 – 4ac
Δ = 42 – 4 * 4 * (-3)
Δ = 64
−b−√ Δ −b−√ Δ
X1 = X2
2a 2a
√ Δ = √ 64 = 8
−b−√ Δ −( 4 )−8 −12
X1 = = = = -1 + ½
2a 2∗4 8
−b+ √ Δ −( 4 ) +8 4
X2 = = = =½
2a 2∗4 8
12. x2 – x =20
R/
X2 – x = 20
X2 – x – (20) = 0
X2 -1x – 20 = 0
a=1
b = -1
c = -20
Δ = b2 – 4 ac
Δ = -12 – 4 * 1* (-20)
Δ= 81
Punto 3
a. 0,000072
R/ 72 X 10 -6
b. 5,328
R/ 5,328 X103
c. 45.000
R/ 45 X 104
d. 34,5
R/ 3,45X101
e. 0,0028
R/ 2,8 X10-3
Punto 5
Escribe en notación científica cada número.
R/ 1 x 10(-10) metros
R/ 9.5x1012
R/ 2,8903-10º distancia
h. Las células nerviosas del cerebro son aproximadamente 10. 000 millones.
R/ 10.000.000.000=1x1010 de células
R/ 5 x 102
R/ 1 nm = 10−9 m)
Punto 7
R/ 106 (1.6726x10-27)
= 1.6726x10-21 kg
R/
1km = 1000m
1 h = 60m*60s = 3600s
3x108 m/s *3600 = 10800x108 m/s
/1000
= 10, 8 x 108 m/s
= 1, 08 x 109 m/s
c. Dados que:
R/
= (4,308X109) / (1,5x 108 - 3,84x105)
= 28.794 veces más lejos
e. La dosis de una vacuna es de 0,05 cm3. Si la vacuna tiene cien millones de bacterias
por centímetro cúbico, ¿cuál es la cantidad de bacterias que hay en una dosis?
R/
100000000×0.05= 5000000
Hay 5000000 bacterias por cada dosis de la vacuna.