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    Heat and Temperature by ArchieGB

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    Archiemedez Batangan
    The document discusses heat and temperature. It defines heat as the transfer of energy between bodies of different temperatures, and temperature as a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules. It describes the three main mechanisms of heat transfer as conduction, convection, and radiation. It also discusses temperature scales like Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin, and how thermometers are used to measure temperature.

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    Heat and Temperature by ArchieGB

    Uploaded by

    Archiemedez Batangan
    28 views43 pages
    The document discusses heat and temperature. It defines heat as the transfer of energy between bodies of different temperatures, and temperature as a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules. It describes the three main mechanisms of heat transfer as conduction, convection, and radiation. It also discusses temperature scales like Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin, and how thermometers are used to measure temperature.

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    The document discusses heat and temperature. It defines heat as the transfer of energy between bodies of different temperatures, and temperature as a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules. It describes the three main mechanisms of heat transfer as conduction, convection, and radiation. It also discusses temperature scales like Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin, and how thermometers are used to measure temperature.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    28 views43 pages

    Heat and Temperature by ArchieGB

    Uploaded by

    Archiemedez Batangan
    The document discusses heat and temperature. It defines heat as the transfer of energy between bodies of different temperatures, and temperature as a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules. It describes the three main mechanisms of heat transfer as conduction, convection, and radiation. It also discusses temperature scales like Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin, and how thermometers are used to measure temperature.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 43

    Heat and

    Temperature
    BY: ARCHIEMEDEZ G. BATANGAN
    Heat

    Isthe transfer of energy from one


    body to another of different
    temperatures happens around us all
    the time.
    Temperature

    In simplest definition, it


    is the hotness or
    coldness of a body.
    Temperature

    is a measure of the


    average kinetic energy
    of molecules
    Heat and its importance

    Our naked eyes may not see


    its process, but we can see its
    effects. We even depend on
    these effects.
    Heat and its importance

    The heat we get from the sun, air


    conditioning, and cooking of
    food are just some processes or
    activities that involve heat
    transfer. Hence, heat transfer is
    essential in our daily lives.
    Mechanism Of Heat Transfer

     heat transfers from one


    body to another of different
    temperatures through
    conduction, convection,
    and radiation.
    Conduction

     is the transfer of heat energy


    from one molecule to another
    by direct contact.
    Conduction
    Convection

     is the movement of heat by a fluid


    such as water or air. The fluid (liquid
    or gas) moves from one location to
    another, transferring heat along with
    it. This movement of a mass of
    heated water or air is called a
    current.
    Convection
    Radiation

    is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic


    waves. When you stand in the sun, you
    are warmed by the electromagnetic
    waves, mainly infrared radiation (and to a
    lesser extent, visible light), that travels from
    the sun to Earth.
    Radiation
    Radiation
    Temperature is commonly
    associated with coldness or hotness
    of a body. How do we quantify this
    difference in the hotness or
    coldness of a body?
    A. What happens to the temperature of water as time elapses?

    B. What is the temperature when the water boils?

    C. What happens to the temperature of water while it is boiling?


    What happens to the temperature
    of the matter when heated or
    cooled?

     Open PHET HERE. CLICK!


    Kinetic molecular theory

    tellsus that all matter has


    molecules or atoms which are
    constantly moving; thus, they
    have kinetic energy
    Temperature

    Molecules are constantly moving but at


    different speeds and in the same
    direction. Moreover, the faster these
    molecules move, the more kinetic energy
    they have. The more kinetic energy, the
    higher is the temperature of an object.
    Temperature

    isa measure of the average kinetic


    energy of molecules. When molecules
    move faster, they have higher
    temperatures while when molecules
    move slower, they have lower
    temperatures.
    What happens to the temperature
    of the matter when heated or
    cooled?

     Open PHET HERE. CLICK!


    How do you determine the
    temperature of an object? Can you
    use your senses to determine the
    temperature?
    A B C
    Thermometer

    We need a thermometer


    to measure temperature
    Grand Duke of Tuscany,
    Ferdinand II, invented the most
    common type of
    thermometer, liquid-in-glass
    thermometer, in 1650.
    Thermometer

    This type of thermometer


    is a sealed glass tube
    containing mercury and with
    an imprinted temperature
    scale. The mercury expands
    or contracts, causing it to
    move up or down when there
    are changes in the
    temperature.
    What is heat?
    Heat

    When a barbecue has just been


    removed from the fire, you know
    it is hot and may burn your
    tongue, so you do not bite it
    immediately.
    Heat

     Caloric theory is an early theory on heat. It


    considered heat to consist a fluid called
    caloric fluid which flows from hotter
    objects to colder objects.
    James Prescott

     James Prescott superseded this theory by proving


    that a measurable amount of mechanical energy
    can always be transformed into definite amounts of
    heat. He called this quantity as a mechanical
    equivalent of heat and has a value of 4.186 Joules
    (J) equivalent to 1 calorie (cal). Prescott further
    concluded that heat is another form of energy.
    Heat
    is produced from molecules of
    matter that continuously vibrate.
    Heat is an energy form that
    transfers from a body of higher
    temperature to another body of
    lower temperature.
    Joule (J)

     Joule (J) is the SI unit of heat. Another


    common unit of heat is calorie (cal),
    defined as the amount of heat
    needed to change the temperature
    of one gram of water by 1 ºC at a
    pressure of 1 atmosphere (atm).
    Temperature Scales

    The three common


    temperature scales are
    Celsius, Fahrenheit, and kelvin.
    Temperature Scales

     Anders Celsius introduced the Celsius


    scale in 1741 while Daniel Gabriel
    Fahrenheit introduced the Fahrenheit
    scale in 1724.

     Bothscales used the freezing and boiling


    points of water as reference points.
    Celsius

     On the Celsius scale, the freezing


    point of water is 0 ºC while its boiling
    point is 100 ºC under a pressure of 1
    atm, having 100 intervals between
    two reference points.
    Fahrenheit

     Onthe Fahrenheit scale, the freezing


    point of water is 32 ºF while its boiling
    point is 212 ºF, having 180 intervals
    between two reference points.
    The difference between these two
    reference points is divided equally
    into intervals called degrees (º)
    Kelvin

     WilliamThompson also known as Lord Kelvin,


    introduced the third temperature scale
    which is called kelvin. This scale is based on
    absolute zero corresponding to 0 kelvin. It is
    the lowest possible temperature and it is
    when the molecules of the substance have
    the lowest energy. Kelvin scale cannot have
    negative temperatures.
    Kelvin

    On the kelvin scale, the


    freezing point of water is
    273 K while its boiling
    point is 373 K.
    Conversion Formula

    From Celsius to Fahrenheit 𝑇𝐶= 5/9 (𝑇𝐹−32)

    From Fahrenheit to Celsius 𝑇𝐹 = (9/5 𝑇𝐶) +32 or 𝑇𝐹 =(1.8 x 𝑇𝐶)+32

    From Celsius to Kelvin 𝑇𝐾=𝑇𝐶+273.15

    From Kelvin to Celsius 𝑇𝐶=𝑇K−273.15

    From Kelvin to Fahrenheit 𝑇𝐹=(9/5 x 𝑇𝐾 )−459.67 )

    From Fahrenheit to Kelvin 𝑇𝐾= 5/9(𝑇𝐹 + 459.67)

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