PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH POINTS TO REVIEW

(VOLLEYBALL & BAKSETBALL)

 VOLLEYBALL – A sport played by two (2) teams b) Net
with six (6) players each on a playing court divided by a net. Length = 9.50m
The object of the game is to send the ball over the net in Width = 1m
order to ground it on the opponent’s court & to prevent Square black mesh = 10cm2
the same effort of the opponent.
c) Sidebands – the two white bands fastened
HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT vertically to the net.
5CM Wide & 1m Long.
 1895 – WILLIAM G. MORGAN of YMCA (Young
Men’s Christian Association), Holyoke, Massachusetts, d) Antennae – A flexible rod which measures
Originated the sport with the name of “Mintonette”. Making 1.80m Long & 10mm in diameter.
use of the bladder of a basketball & a net of lawn tennis.
 1896 – ALFRED F. HALSTEAD of YMCA, Springfield, e) Post – Device that support the net.
Massachusetts, Changed the name “Mintonette” to Distance of 0.50-1.00m; Height 2.55m.
“Volleyball”.
 1900 – Canada becomes the First Foreign country to adopt 4. Ball
Volleyball. Spherical in Shape;
 1910 – Volleyball was played in Peru & Philippines. Circumference is 65-67cm.;
 1913 – The 10-Man System. Weight 260-280g;
Pressure is 0.30-0.325kg/cm2.
 1925 – First official rules for volleyball pyblished in USSR
(Union of Soviet Socialist Republic).
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
 1927 – The 9-Man System.
 1947 – International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) 1. Service - Act of putting the play into play by the back
Federation Internationale De Volleyball was founded as right player placed in the service zone.
governing body of Volleyball. Types of Service:
PAUL LIBAND becomes The First President. a) Underhand Service – Server faces the net
 1957 – International Olympic Committee (IOC) & with one foot forward & knees are slightly
Federation Internationale De Volleyball (FIVB) was declared bent. The ball is held in one hand in front of
as the sole worldwide volleyball authority. the forward knee. Hand is swing forward in
 1958 – Japan introduces the 6-Man System. open palm. Hitting hand is swing forward.
b) Overhand Service – Stance is the same
 1964 – First Olympic Volleyball tournament held in Tokyo, with Underhand Service but the skill is
Japan. approximately above the head level.
 1988 – An official FIVB match statistical system is used. Jump Serve – An overhand service making
Team performances & discover the best players. use of the skills in Jumping and Spiking the
ball.
FACILITIES & EQUIPMENT c) Sidearm Service – Stands in the service
zone in straddle position with one shoulder
1. Playing Area – Includes the playing court. net the net & knees are slightly bent. The
2. Lines on the Court ball is held in one hand in front almost chest
 Boundary Line – Two (2) End lines and Two level.
(2) Side lines. 2. Passing – Act of hitting the ball to a teammate for
 Center Line – Line that divides the playing court setting or attacking purposes.
into two (2) equal courts. Types of Pass:
9”x”9m Each. a) Underhand Pass or Bump Pass – The ball
 Attack Line – Line that separate front zone and is received below shoulder level. The elbows
back zone. are locked so that the forearms extend in
Front zone – 3m away from the axis of Center from of the body with slightly bend knees.
Line. Hands are close together and fingers are
cupped.
Boundary Line b) Overhand Pass or Fingers Pass – The ball
is received above the shoulder level. Hands
Center Line are in front of the face.
c) Dig Pass – Special pass used in fielding the
Attack Line Attack Line ball that are almost out of reach.
d) Set- Up – Special pass for the purpose of
placing the ball in position of the attack
player to hit. Action is the same with
overhand pass.
3. Spiking – An Offensive technique done by hitting the
Boundary Line
ball with strong force on the top portion of the net.
Types of Spikes:
a) Hard Spike – Application of strong force to
3. Net & Post – Device that separate opposing teams the ball.
during a match. b) Soft Spike – Application of light force to
a) Height of the Net the ball.
Men = 2.43m Methods of Spikes:
Women = 2.24m
Children = 2.13m
 PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH POINTS TO REVIEW
(VOLLEYBALL & BAKSETBALL)
a) Standing Spike – Where the attack player
stands close to the net facing the direction
where the ball is coming.
b) Running Spike – Application of running
making one, two, three the jump.
4. Blocking – Defensive effort of the defensive team to
stop a spike and attack hit of the offensive team.

PLAYING FORMAT / PLAYING ACTIONS

1. Point – A Score of the Team that successfully grounded
the ball on the opponent’s court. When opponent
commits a fault or receive penalty.
2. Fault – Playing actions contrary to the rules/violations.
3. Rally – The sequence of the playing actions.
4. Set – First 25 points in every set. If they tie to the final
score (24-24) the scores are adjust in two (2) before
they get the winning set.
5. Match – Won by the team that wins three sets out of 5
sets. Incase of 2-2 sets, the deciding set (5th set) is
played in 15 points. The first team who get 8 points in
the 5th set they are going to change the court.
6. Default – If the team does not appear on time.
7. The Toss – only the Team Captain decide upon the first
service or choose the side of the court.
8. Team Starting Line-Up – First six (6) players that will
play.
9. Positional Fault – The player who is wrong in his
position.
10. Rotation Order & Rotational Fault

1. Back- Right Player

2. Front- Right Player
3. Front- Center Player
4. Front- Left Player Basketball is a team sport. Two teams of five players each try
5. Back- Left Player to score by shooting a ball through a hoop elevated 10 feet
6. Back- Center Player
above the ground.
The game is played on a rectangular floor called the court, and
there is a hoop at each end. The court is divided into two main
THE REFEREE’S OFFICIAL HAND SIGNALS sections by the mid-court line.
1. Authorization to Serve
2. Team to Serve HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT
3. Change of Courts 1891 - DR. JAMES NAISMITH was a 31 year old graduate
4. Time-Out student who invented the game of basketball in Springfield
5. Substitution Massachusetts. He used two peach baskets and a soccer stile
6. End of Set (Match) ball. The peach baskets were nailed to railings of the
7. Ball not release/Ball not tossed/Lifting gymnasium balcony. After a while, the bottom of the fruit
8. Delay in Service (8seconds) baskets was removed.
9. Blocking Fault
1892 - The first public basketball game was played in Springfield
10. Positional or Rotational Fault
Massachusetts. It was played on March 11th 1892.
11. Ball “In”
12. Ball “Out” 1893 - The WMCA helped spread basketball around the world.
13. Catch The first organized U.S Collage basketball team was Vanderbilt
14. Double Contact University who played their first game against a local WMCA in
15. Four Hits Nashville Tennessee.
16. Net Touched by a Player 1898 - The first professional league called the nation basketball
17. Reaching beyond the net league was founded.
18. Attack hit fault 1909 - The national collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).
19. Crossing
1946 - The Basketball Association of America was formed. This
20. Step on the line
was a professional league.
21. Double Fault or Replay
22. Ball Touched 1949 - The national basketball association of America merged
with the rival nation basketball league to form the modern day
THE LINE JUDGE’S OFFICIAL FLAG
national basketball association.
SIGNALS 1950 - The NBA began to racially integrate.
1. Ball “In”
2. Ball “Out” 1967 - The second professional league called the American
3. Ball Touched association the ABA was founded and played with a three point
4. Judgement Impossible shot. They folded in 1976 and four teams joined the NBA. The
 PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH POINTS TO REVIEW
(VOLLEYBALL & BAKSETBALL)
NBA continues to use the three point shot and continues to be one  The knees and trunk are slightly flexed, hands and eyes
of the most popular leagues in the country. forward. Peripheral vision is important. Do not look beyond
the ball and see it in the lower part of the visual area.
FACILITIES & EQUIPMENT  The ball is propelled by the fingertips with the hand cupped
and relaxed. There is a little arm motion. Push rather than slap
BASKETBALL PLAYING COURT the ball.
The Foul Line - For all size courts the 'foul line' is 15 feet in  The dribbling hand should be alternated.
front of the backboard.
The Key - The key is 12 feet wide, and is the same for all SHOOTING - The primary objective of the game is to score
basketball courts. The backboard extends 4 feet out over the goals.
baseline into the key. A half circle of diameter 6 foot extends from
the foul line away from the basket to complete the key.  Both the toes and the shoulders face the basket. The weight is
evenly distributed on both feet. The ball is held between the
The 3 Point Line (Arc) - For NBA Basketball Courts the 3
shoulder and eye level.
point arc is 22 feet to the center of the rim on the sides with a
 A comfortable grip, with fingers well spread and the ball
straight line extending out 16 feet 9 inches from the baseline. Past
resting on the pads of the fingers is essential.
those points the line extends out 23 feet 9 inches from the center of
 One should The eye is fixed on the target (the rim or the
the rim.
backboard) for the rest of the shot. As the shot starts, the wrist
Line Markings - All line markings on the floor are 2 inches is cocked.
wide and can vary in color.  The follow-through imparts a slight backspin to the ball. The
BACKBOARD AND RIM arms are fully extended, the wrist is completely flexed, and the
The regulation height above the ground for the rim (hoop) is 10 hand drops down towards the floor.
feet, and the rim is 18 inches in diameter. Backboards are 6 feet  The arch should be 45 degrees or a little higher.
wide (72 inches) by 42 inches tall, with the inner square being 24
inches wide by 18 inches tall. PIVOTING - It is a manoeuvre that protects the ball by keeping
the body between the ball and the defensive player.

 The ball is held firmly in both hands, with elbows out to

BALL - A basketball is a spherical ball used in basketball protect it.
games. Basketballs usually range in size from very small  One foot, the pivot foot, must always be in contact with the
promotional items that are only a few inches (some centimeters) in floor. Turning on that foot is permitted, but it must not be
diameter to extra large balls nearly 2 feet (60 cm) in diameter used dragged away from the pivot spot.
in training exercises. For example, a youth basketball could be 27  The lead foot may, however, step in any direction.
inches (69 cm) in circumference, while a National Collegiate
Athletic Association (NCAA) men's ball would be a maximum of
30 inches (76 cm) and an NCAA women's ball would be a
maximum of 29 inches (74 cm). The standard for a basketball in
the National Basketball Association (NBA) is 29.5 inches (75 cm)
in circumference and for the Women's National Basketball
Association (WNBA), a maximum circumference of 29 inches (74
cm).

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS

PASSING - Regardless of which pass is used, certain factors

are common to all passes.

 For firm control, hold the ball with the thumb and finger pads
and not with the palms of the hands
 Passer step forward in the direction of the receiver. Passes
should Be made with a quick arm extension and a snap of the
wrists, with thumbs and fingers providing momentum.
 After the pass is released, the palms should be facing the floor.
 Avoid telegraphing the direction of the pass. Learn to use
peripheral.
 Vision and keep eyes moving from place to place to develop
an awareness of the teammates’ positions.
 Anticipate the spot toward which a teammate will be moving
to receive the pass.

CATCHING - Receiving the ball is a most important

fundamental skill. Many turn overs involve failure to handle a
pass properly.

 Move toward the pass with the fingers spread and relaxed,
reaching for the ball with elbows bent and wrists relaxed.
 Hands “give” as the ball comes in.

DRIBBLING - It is used to advance the ball, break for a

basket, or manoeuvre out of a difficult situation.