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    Role of Fungi

    Uploaded by

    Yohanes Setiadi Liem
    This document discusses the role of fungi in the environment. It describes the structure of fungi, including hyphae and septa. It explains that fungi reproduce both sexually, through structures like ascospores and basidiospores, and asexually via spores. It outlines the five major divisions of fungi and their characteristics. It also discusses the mutualistic relationships between fungi and other organisms, such as lichens and mycorrhizal partnerships with plants. Finally, it summarizes the main roles of fungi in the environment, including decomposition, forming mycorrhizal partnerships to aid nutrient absorption, and acting as pioneer organisms.

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    Role of Fungi

    Uploaded by

    Yohanes Setiadi Liem
    82 views3 pages
    This document discusses the role of fungi in the environment. It describes the structure of fungi, including hyphae and septa. It explains that fungi reproduce both sexually, through structures like ascospores and basidiospores, and asexually via spores. It outlines the five major divisions of fungi and their characteristics. It also discusses the mutualistic relationships between fungi and other organisms, such as lichens and mycorrhizal partnerships with plants. Finally, it summarizes the main roles of fungi in the environment, including decomposition, forming mycorrhizal partnerships to aid nutrient absorption, and acting as pioneer organisms.

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    This document discusses the role of fungi in the environment. It describes the structure of fungi, including hyphae and septa. It explains that fungi reproduce both sexually, through structures like ascospores and basidiospores, and asexually via spores. It outlines the five major divisions of fungi and their characteristics. It also discusses the mutualistic relationships between fungi and other organisms, such as lichens and mycorrhizal partnerships with plants. Finally, it summarizes the main roles of fungi in the environment, including decomposition, forming mycorrhizal partnerships to aid nutrient absorption, and acting as pioneer organisms.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    82 views3 pages

    Role of Fungi

    Uploaded by

    Yohanes Setiadi Liem
    This document discusses the role of fungi in the environment. It describes the structure of fungi, including hyphae and septa. It explains that fungi reproduce both sexually, through structures like ascospores and basidiospores, and asexually via spores. It outlines the five major divisions of fungi and their characteristics. It also discusses the mutualistic relationships between fungi and other organisms, such as lichens and mycorrhizal partnerships with plants. Finally, it summarizes the main roles of fungi in the environment, including decomposition, forming mycorrhizal partnerships to aid nutrient absorption, and acting as pioneer organisms.

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Fungi
    1. Fungi are unicellular or multicellular organism. The fungal body is usually composed of
    threadlike hyphae, a mass which called mycelium.

    2. Hyphae cell walls are composed of chitin. Aseptate hyphae do not have cross wall
    (septa), whereas septate hyphae have. Cross wall of septate hyphae have large hole or
    pore in which cytoplasm and other organelles can pass.

    3. Fungi are heterotrophy. Most fungi are saprophytic, while the rest are parasitic
    (especially in plants) and associate with plant roots and algae.

    4. Fungi perform sexual and asexual reproduction. The reproduction structure is sexual and
    asexual spores.

    5. There are five division of fungi :

    a. Chytridiomycota.

    Chytriodimycota is the only division with motile sexual spores.

    b. Zygomycota.

    Zygomycota have coenocytic hyphae and form sexual reproduction of zygospore.


    When zygospore grows, sporangium will produce thousand of asesual spores.
    Asexsual reproduction will occurs if nutrient is sufficient, sporangium will
    produce spores.

    c. Ascomycota.

    Ascomycota are composed of septate hyphae and during sexual reproduction,


    ascus will preduce ascospores. Ascus is located inside the fruiting body called
    ascocarp. Asexual reproduction is performed by forming conidia (conidiospore).

    d. Basidiomycota.

    Basidiomycota fungi are composed of septate hyphae. The sexual spores


    produced by basidium located in the fruiting body is called basidiocarp. They
    reproduce asexually by means of conidia.

    e. Deuteromycota.

    Deuteromycota is imperfect fungi which sexual reproduction is absent or not yet


    found.
    6. Lichens are mutualistic symbiosis between fungi and either green algae or cyanobacteria.
    This pioneer organism is able to live in infertile environment or stones, and produces soil
    component useful for other organisms.

    7. Mychorrhizae are the association between fungi and plant roots. Fungi help plants in
    absorbing mineral, whereas plants provide food supply for the fungi.

    8. Fungi has 4 main role in the environment :

    a. Decomposition

    Fungi are able to break down almost anything. Furthermore they can pair with
    algae to make lichens, which grow almost anywhere. Lichens are also an
    important indicator of environmental pollution.

    b. mycorrhizal partners

    fungi are mycorrhizal partners in trees and plants. Root hairs in trees
    and plants are often not fine enough to absorb nutrients from the soil
    by themselves. Mycorrhizal fungi often form a symbiotic partnership
    with plants and trees - fungi provide thin hyphae (unicellular root like
    structures) that can absorb water and nutrients from the soil more
    efficiently than root hairs. The trees and plants in turn provide food
    (complex amino acids etc) for the fungi - things that they would
    normally not be able to obtain. It is proposed that 90% of all the
    species of trees and plants are dependent on mycorrhizae. There are 2
    types of mycorrhizae - endotrophic and ectotrophic - but thats for
    another topic of discussion.

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