Science: Quarter 3 - Module 1: Friction
Science: Quarter 3 - Module 1: Friction
Science: Quarter 3 - Module 1: Friction
Science
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Friction
CO_Q3_Science 6_ Module 1
Science – Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Friction
First Edition, 2020
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Science
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Friction
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,
questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you
to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on
how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
infer how friction and gravity affect movements of different objects (S6FE-IIIa-c-1).
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons
are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which
you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
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CO_Q3_Science 6_ Module 1
What I Know
Directions: Infer how friction affects movements of different objects. Read and
answer the questions below. Write your chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
2. Will it be easier for a person to push a table on a carpeted floorthan on tiled floor?
A. No, because the carpeted floor is rough, so friction is lesser.
B. No, because the carpeted floor is rough, so friction is greater.
C. Yes, because the carpeted floor is smooth, so friction is lesser.
D. Yes, because the carpeted floor is smooth, so friction is greater.
6. When you are travelling along a road, how does the wet road affect friction?
A. It increases friction.
B. It decreases friction.
C. It maintains friction.
D. It increases and decreases friction.
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7. Which of the following forces causes objects to slowdown and eventually stop?
A. air resistance
B. friction
C. gravity
D. magnetic
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CO_Q3_Science 6_ Module 1
Lesson
1 Describe Friction
Friction plays a vital role in our everyday life. Whatever we do, wherever we
go, friction is present. Even when we are sitting down, standing or holding a bottle
or any object, friction affects us. Friction occurs between the surfaces of two objects
in contact, rubbing or sliding against one another. It is sometimes considered
undesirable, yet it plays an important role in our daily activities.
What’s In
Study the pictures below. Identify whether the illustrations show a PUSH or a
PULL to move the given objects or persons. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
______________________________ ______________________________
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“Force is a ___________ or a ___________.”
Clue 1: Force is a or a .
Illustrated by Ryan Oliver Arellano and Orencio D. Estrera
Clue 2: Force is a p or a p .
What's New
Get the ball or any available round object and put it on the floor. Push the ball
gently to allow it to roll on the floor, as shown in the figure below. Observe the
movement of the ball.
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Based on your observations, answer the following questions.
3. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE about friction? Choose from the
given statements below. Write the letter/s of your choice on your answer sheet.
What is It
In the activity, when the ball was pushed, it rolled on the floor and stopped
after a few seconds. It is the friction between the ball and the floor that caused the
stopping of the ball. But how does friction occur? While the ball is rolling on the
floor, the surface of the rolling ball rubs against the surface of the floor. Friction
always acts opposite the direction of an object’s motion. The floor exerts a frictional
force opposite the ball’s motion as shown in the figure below.
What’s More
Directions: Read the following items carefully and tell whether the statements are
True or False. On your answer sheet, write True if the statement is
correct and False if the statement is incorrect.
________1. Friction acts in a direction the same as the direction of the object’s
motion.
________2. Friction occurs when the surfaces of the two objects rub against each
other.
________3. Friction causes moving objects to stop.
________4. Friction is produced by a single object.
________5. Friction opposes motion of objects.
Directions: Complete the following statements by choosing the word that best
completes the following sentences. Write the words you have chosen on
your answer sheet.
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What I Can Do
Study the picture and answer the questions below. Write your answers on
your answer sheet.
SLIPPERY WHEN
WET
1. What accident do you think might happen if the boy walked on the wet floor?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. How can you prevent the possible accident from happening? Why?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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Assessment
Directions: Answer the following questions carefully by choose the letter of your
choice. Write your chosen letter on your answer sheet.
1. A ball rolled after being kicked and slowed down until it stopped. Which of the
following forces caused the ball to slow down?
A. electrical
B. friction
C. gravity
D. magnetic
2. Is friction between the floor and a cabinet present when a person pushes the
cabinet?
A. Yes, because the bottom surface of the cabinet is in contact with the floor.
B. Yes, because the bottom surface of the cabinet does not rub against the
floor.
C. No, because the bottom surface of the cabinet has nothing to do with the
floor.
D. No, because the bottom surface of the cabinet is only rubbing against the
floor.
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6. The boy in the illustration pulls a stroller. Using the directions shown, which
direction does the frictional force act? N
A. East W E
B. North
C. South S
D. West
10. Which force is present when two objects rub against each other?
A. friction
B. gravity
C. magnetic
D. motion
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Additional Activities
FRICTION
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Lesson
How Friction Affects
2 Movement of Objects
Friction is a force that occurs between the surfaces of two objects in contact
or rubbing against each other. It may vary depending on the type of surface an object
comes in contact with. With this, friction brings advantages and disadvantages to
moving and non-moving objects. Let us learn and discover how friction affects moving
objects.
What’s In
Directions: Read the following items carefully and tell whether the statements are
True or False. On your answer sheet, write True if the statement is
correct and False if the statement is incorrect.
What's New
In this activity, you will observe how friction affects the movement of objects.
You will also identify the factors affecting it.
You will need a ball and a box with almost the same mass as the ball.
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Instruction:
Answer the following questions by choosing between the ball and the box.
Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Based on the activity, complete the following statements by choosing the word
that best completes the following sentences. Write the words you have chosen on
your answer sheet.
1. Why does the ball and the box travel at different distances?
The ball and the box travelled different distances because of the difference in their
(shape/surface area, push applied).
2. How does friction affect the movement of objects with big or small surface areas?
An object with a bigger surface area, experiences a(greater, lesser) friction while
an object with a smaller surface area has a(greater, lesser) friction.
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3. How does friction affect the movement of objects such as the ball and the box?
Friction makes moving objects (slowdown, get faster). It can also (stop, move)
moving objects.
4. In this activity, what is the factor affecting friction? (shape/surface area, distance
travelled)
Does air affect the movement of falling objects? In this activity, you will be
able to observe how air affects the movement of falling objects.
Instruction:
1. Perform the activity in your room.
2. Prepare two sheets of identical papers. Crumple one of the papers.
3. Raise the two pieces of paper to the same height, as shown in the figure below.
4. Drop the papers at the same time. Observe which object reached the floor first.
This will be your first trial. Repeat dropping the papers two more times and
observe. These will be your second and third trials.
.
Figure 3. Raising two pieces of paper, one crumpled, to the same height
Illustrated by Ryan Oliver Arellano
Fill in Table1 by writing the word “First” or “Last” according to the order the
paper fell on the ground per trial.
Table 1
Observation (Write First or Last)
Object
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
Crumpled Paper
Plain Paper
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Answer the questions below. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
1. Based on your answer in Table 1, between the crumpled paper and the
uncrumpled one, which object reached the floor first?
A. crumpled paper
B. plain paper
3. Which object experienced the greater opposing force of the air? Why?
A. The crumpled paper because it has a small surface area in contact with the
air.
B. The plain paper because of its wide or big surface area in contact with the
air.
4. How does air friction affect the movement of falling objects? Choose the correct
answer inside the parenthesis.
What is It
In the two activities that you have conducted, you have observed that friction
affects the movement of the ball, box, and falling pieces of paper. You were also able
to identify the factors affecting it.
In Activity 1, the ball and the box covered different distances. The ball traveled
longer distance than the box. It is because of their different shapes or surface area
in contact with the floor. The surface area of the ball in contact with the floor is
smaller, while the box has a bigger or greater surface area.
Objects with bigger surface areas, like a box, are easier to stop; thus, it travels
a shorter distance because greater friction acts on it. Objects with smaller surface
areas, like a ball, are harder to stop; thus, it travels a longer distance because lesser
friction acts on it. Therefore, surface area of contact affects friction. The bigger or
greater the surface area of objects in contact with the floor, the greater the friction.
The smaller surface area of objects in contact with the floor, the lesser the friction.
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In Activity 2, air resists the movement of the falling pieces of paper. This air
resistance is also known as air friction or air resistance introduced in lesson 1. It
acts opposite the direction of motion of falling objects as shown in the figure below
The bigger or greater the surface area of falling objects, the greater the air
friction. The smaller the surface area of falling objects, the lesser the air friction.
What’s More
Friction also varies on the type of surfaces of the two objects rubbing against
each other. To observe how objects’ different textures of surfaces affect friction, do
the activity below.
You will need any round object like a ball, a marble, or a tomato and a piece
of cloth (like towel).
Instruction:
1. Perform this activity on a long table or the floor.
2. Set up all the materials, as shown in Figure 5 below.
3. Cover one side of the table with a cloth (like towel). The covered portion will
represent rough surface and the uncovered portion, a smooth surface.
4. Place the ball at the starting line of the smooth surface.
5. Push the ball gently. Mark the point where the ball stopped. Repeat two more
times.
6. Do the same for the rough surface this time. Repeat two more times.
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Figure 5. A boy pushes the ball on an uncovered and covered table.
Illustrated by Orencio D. Estrera
Based on the activity, Answer the following questions by choosing the word
that best complete the following sentences. Write the words you have chosen on your
answer sheet.
2. How does friction affect the movement of objects in smooth and rough surfaces?
Objects move (faster, slower) in smooth surface. Object moves (faster, slower)
in rough surface.
3. In this activity, what is the factor affecting friction? (surface texture, mass).
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What I Have Learned
Directions: Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks with the
appropriate words listed inside the given box. Write your answers on
your answer sheet.
What I Can Do
I. Directions: Write “MF” if more friction or “LF” if less friction is needed on the
following activities or objects. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
________1. walking a smooth surface
________2. writing on a paper-covered surface
________3. skating
________4. grinding
________5. sliding door
________6. holding a glass of water
________7. pushing a heavy cabinet
________8. rotating gears of bicycle
________9. pole climbing
________10. setting of glass and plates on top of a table
II. Directions: Answer the question below. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
Cristy wants to move her heavy cabinet, what do you think must she do to
easily move the heavy cabinet on her own?
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CO_Q3_Science 6_ Module 1
Assessment
3. Why do you need to put rollers under the cabinets when you want to move them?
A. to apply more force
B. to stop the movement of the cabinet
C. to slow down the movement of the cabinet
D. to minimize friction through the small surface of contact of the rollers.
6. In which of the following situations would friction most likely pose a problem?
A. holding a pen to write
B. striking a match to cook
C. walking on a slippery floor
D. rubbing your hands to warm them
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7. Which of the following shows that friction could be harmful?
A. writing on the board
B. holding a piece of paper
C. tearing out of bicycle gears
D. using breaks when stopping
8. How do you describe the friction between a surface and an object with greater
surface area?
A. greater
B. equal
C. smaller
D. the same
9. A crumpled and an uncrumpled paper were dropped at the same height and
time, which paper will reach the ground first?
A. The crumpled paper because it has a smaller surface area.
B. The uncrumpled paper because it has a bigger surface area.
C. Crumpled paper because it is heavier compared to the uncrumpled paper.
D. None, because both the crumpled and uncrumpled paper have same masses.
10. A boy is playing with a toy car. In which surface will it travel faster?
A. cemented floor
B. carpeted floor
C. grassy surface
D. polished floor
Additional Activities
1.
bicycle brakes
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CO_Q3_Science 6_ Module 1
2.
striking a match for cooking
3.
no oil in a car engine
4.
rusty padlock
5.
holding a soda can
Illustrated by Ryan Oliver Arellano and Orencio D. Estrera
II. Directions: Identify the activities below that show a way of reducing friction. Put
a tick mark () in the box if it shows reducing friction and cross (X) if
not.
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CO_Q3_Science 6_ Module 1
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What I Know What’s New What I Can Do
1. A Activity 1: Roll and (Possible Answers):
2. B Stop 1. He might slip and
3. C hurt himself.
4. A 1. 2 2. Mopping the floor to
5. D 3 make it dry might
6. B 1
prevent the possible
7. B 2. Friction
accident to happen.
8. C 3. B
9. B D Since, there is
10. A E greater friction on
dry floor possible
What’s In What’s More accidents might be
1. PUSH 1. False prevented.
2. PULL 2. True Assessment
3. PUSH 3. True 1. B
4. PULL 4. False 2. A
5. PULL 5. True 3. B
4. D
Define “force” based on What I Have Learned 5. A
the examples above. 1. force
6. D
Force is a push or pull 2. friction
Write the complete 3. opposite 7. D
sentence. 4. holding an apple 8. B
Force is a push or a sitting on a chair 9. A
pull. walking properly 10. A
Additional Activities
1. opposes
2. opposite
3. rub
4. stop
Lesson 1: Describe Friction
Answer Key
CO_Q3_Science 6_ Module 1
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What’s In What’s More Assessment
1. False Activity 3: Rough and 1. C
2. True Smooth 2. B
3. True I. Fill in the table (same 3. D
4. False answers for all trials) 4. D
5. True 1. Smooth 5. A
2. Rough 6. C
What’s New 3. Rough 7. C
Activity 1: Rolling and 4. Smooth 8. A
Sliding 9. A
I. Fill in the table II. Questions 10. A
1. Ball 1. smaller
2. Box bigger Additional Activities
3. Box 2. faster I. Advantage and
slower Disadvantage
II. Questions 3. surface texture 1.
1. shape/surface area 2.
2. greater 3.
What I Have Learned
lesser 4.
1. Friction
3. slowdown 5.
2. slows
stop
3. greater II. Ways of Reducing
4. shape/surface area
4. lesser Friction
Activity 2: Falling 1.
What I Can Do 2. X
Objects
I. More Friction or Less 3.
I. Fill in the table
Friction 4.
Crumpled paper – first
1. LF 5. X
Plain Paper – last
2. MF
II. Questions 3. LF
1. A. crumpled paper 4. MF
2. A. Air opposes the 5. LF
movement of the 6. MF
two papers. 7. LF
smaller 8. LF
3. B. The plain paper, 9. MF
because of its wide 10. MF
or big surface area
4. slows down II. Answer the question
(Possible Answers):
She should put rollers
under her cabinet to
easily move it.
She should put floor
wax on the floor to
make it slippery and to
easily move the cabinet
Lesson 2: How Friction Affects Movement of Objects
References
NOTE: All texts and illustrations in this SLM were originally developed
and created.
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