Design and Implementation of A Smart Vest For Monitoring & Support of Medical Staff

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SMART VEST FOR
MONITORING & SUPPORT OF MEDICAL STAFF
 Abstract:
The idea is based on a case study based on Medical Errors which is the
Leading Cause of Death in hospitals around the world. The report apparently shows there
are 7000 deaths/year from medication errors in hospitals in USA. These are increasing
exponentially because population of world is increasing day by day as the number of
patients so hospitals are becoming bigger and bigger and congested under these
circumstances it is becoming very difficult of medical staff to mange and control the
medication processes of each patient. In order to handle such type of problem a medical
trolley was designed by British medical hospital which was not so successful.
 Realm of our Project:
 British Hospital Medical trolley:

The system comprised the following three elements
Electronic prescribing, scheduling and administration software:
There were two prescribing terminals on the study ward, and one in the pharmacy
department. There were also two hand-held tablet computers on the study ward,
which could be taken from patient to patient and used to view, prescribe and
discontinue medication orders. These had to be synchronized with the ward-based
server via a docking station before and after use. The software was Windows
based,
Ward-based automated dispensing:
The majority of medication was stored in large automated cabinets; the doses required
were transferred by nursing staff to an electronic drug trolley at each drug round. The
automated cabinets, containing computer-controlled drawers and a touch-sensitive
computer screen.
Electronic drug trolleys
There were two electronic drug trolleys, one for

each half of the ward. Each contained 20 drawers
and could be docked with the automated cabinet.
When medication was being prepared for a drug
round, only one drawer in the drug trolley opened at
a time, and the patient’s name was indicated on the
drawer’s liquid crystal display. When all medication
for a given patient had been prepared, the system
instructed the nurse to close that patient’s drawer in
the drug trolley before medication for the next
patient could be prepared.
Once all medication had been prepared for a given

drug round, the trolley could be disconnected and
taken around the ward. The barcode on each
patient’s wristband was scanned, which triggered
the system to open that patient’s drawer in the
trolley so that the medication could be administered
Area of Interest:
Some Practical example of popular vest:
1) Balancing Vest:
Researchers at UCLA’s Center for Advanced Surgical

and Interventional Technology (CASIT) developed a
vest containing accelerometers across the shoulders
and pneumatic balloon actuators to provide a
portable, wearable aid for people who lost their sense
of balance due to injury or disease and have to learn
again how to walk.
Their vest measures how the upper body rotates and

tilts as a person walks. If the torso wobbles,
accelerometers on the shoulders detect those
movements. The control system in the vest inflates
various silicone balloons, which are 25 millimeters in
diameter on the outer edge. These balloons are placed
around the upper torso like rip cage, shoulders and chest which will inflate with various
pressures on different locations indicating the un-balance to the body and to correct it.
The balance vest could potentially complement or even replace rehabilitation sessions on
treadmills and parallel bars, a stationary and often cumbersome process. The patented
actuator, which is the core of this system, has a specially bonded membrane that allows
the balloon to be inflated with high pressure, ensuring that a wearer will feel the push and
providing almost instantaneous feedback.
2) Gaming Vest
This is the latest new devices out right now. The

3rd Space vest is a vest for computer gamers
that will allow them to physically feel game
events such as getting hit, stabbed, or punched.
Special light effects and sound effects with

some physical (rumpling) feedback on the
joystick exists already but Wearable Electronic
technologies would allow us to sense the
excitement level (some might call it stress) of
the gamer and use it as additional parameter for
the game.
• Latest research Papers related to Project:
a) DIY Wearable Technology by Hannah Perner-Wilson
Abstract:
DIY practice of wearable technology allows individuals to explore personalized

wearable scenarios, ranging from the modification of existing interfaces to artistic
and per formative practice and the critique of mainstream wearable technology
trends. Introduction This paper introduces a number of fabric sensors that can be
handmade from off the-shelf, off-the-internet materials using low-cost, low-tech
techniques. These fabric sensors offer soft, customizable and affordable alternatives
to remanufactured sensors that can be tailored in shape and size to the forms and
actions of the human body.
b) A comprehensive RFID solution to enhance inpatient medication safety by

Pedro Peris-Lopez, Agustin Or la1, Aikaterini Mitrokotsa, and Jan C.A. van
der Lubbe
Abstract:
Errors involving medication administration can be costly, both in financial and in

human terms. Indeed, there is much potential for errors due to the complexity of the
medication administration process. Nurses are often singled out as the only
responsible of these errors because they are in charge of drug administration.
Nevertheless, the interventions of every actor involved in the process and the system
design itself contribute to errors. Proper inpatient medication safety systems can help
to reduce such errors in hospitals. In this paper, we review in depth two recent
proposals that pursue the aforementioned objective. Un-fortunately, they fail in their
attempt mainly due to their security faults but interesting ideas can be drawn from
both. These security faults refer to impersonation and replay attacks that could
produce the generation of a forged proof stating that certain medication was
administered to an inpatient when it was not. We propose a leading-edge solution to
enhance inpatient medication safety based on RFID technology that overcomes these
weaknesses. Our solution, named Inpatient Safety RFID system (IS-RFID), takes into
account the Information Technology (IT) infrastructure of a hospital and covers every
phase of the drug administration process. From a practical perspective, our system
can be easily integrated within hospital IT infrastructures, has a moderate cost, is
very ease to use and deals with security aspects as a key point.
c) Technical Considerations for Successful Implementation of a Barcode-based
Medication System in Hospital by Jong Soo Choi, Dongsoo Kim
Abstract:
Objective:
Identify the technical considerations in implementing a barcode-based medication

system and propose practical solutions for successful implementation of the system.
In order to reduce medical errors related to medication and blood transfusion, we
analyze various factors that hinder the successful implementation of the barcode-
based medication system and discuss issues involved in the effective adoption of such
a system.
Methods:
The barcode-based medication system of this research uses one-dimensional, barcode

bands on patients’ wrists and two-dimensional barcodes attached to drug bags and
blood bags. PDAs with barcode reading capability and wireless networking function
are used, which enables Point of Care. The business process for applying the
developed system and the current status of the system usage are analyzed. Results:
The factors causing a variety of system failures in the demonstration and pilot periods
were identified and categorized as including PDA malfunction, PDA battery
discharge due to users’ carelessness, confusion in reading barcodes and so on.
Conclusions:
It is expected that the analyzed obstructive factors and the proposed technical
considerations addressed in this paper can help other hospitals implement similar
barcode-based medication systems successfully. Ultimately, this research will
contribute to reducing medical errors and improving quality of patient care
• Draw backs:
Criticism of the existing solution not in the context that the existing solutions
given by the different courtiers are wrong, but in the sense that the given solutions are not
applicable in Pakistan and neighboring region
 Not cost effective:
This solution was expensive and required an industry to

design this sort of trolleys for hospitals. Because trolley was made
up of costly equipments including touch screen computers,
expensive software control equipment and also high amount of
power consumption is required to operate the machine.
 Not indigenously reproducible:
For the production of this machine an industry is required

which is not an effective solution and for a production of single
trolley a time span is required which is not desirable
 Skilled crew required:
This machine was not totally computerized a special skill

crew was required to operate and handle this machine this is the
one of major draw backs of this trolley
 Big Foot Print:
Its hardware was not so effective that it will work efficiently in

Pakistan where hospitals are congested and there is no space to carry such
type of big equipment in hospital
• Our Propose Solution:
o SMART VEST FOR MONITORING & SUPPORT OF

MEDICAL STAFF
The project is to design a Smart Vest for Monitoring and Support of Medical Staff.
Which is a cost effective solution and easy to carry by the medical staff.
The idea is based on the Electronic drug trolleys introduced in UNITED KINGDOM in
2007.
• Jacket Prototype (Design)

• Description:
The functions performed by the jacket are similar to the medical-trolley. But the
difference is that this design is more efficient and it has less weight so nurse can
carry it with her. This vest will detect patient through Bar code reader and then
access the patient medical data wirelessly through computer so there is no need to
interface it like in case of medical trolley was. This design is simple and can be
implemented in underdeveloped countries like Pakistan
Its working can be explain in following steps
 Doctor will check the patient and write a description according to patient's
disease. And send that description to the computer desk the slip will
include data like patient's name, disease and medicines. The Doctor will
enter the case history of the patient using GUI.
 Computing staff will generate a Bar code against the Patients bio data.
 The generated Barcode print will be attach it to the patient's wrist
 And then Doctor will wirelessly communicate the information of the

patient to the jacket
 Jacket vocally interfaces the nurse about the newly admitted patient by her
name.
 After that the nurse will wear the jacket and come to deliver the medicine.
IR-FID will locate the position of the patient.
 Once the nurse reached the patient Barcode reader will help the nurse to
identify the patient to be medicated.
 The nurse will take the measurements and fed to GUI.
 The nurse will follow the decision tree. Decision tree will provide the
exact guidelines to the nurse
 Vest will transform the nurse more likely a doctor.

 According to receive Information Jackets pocket will be locked and
unlocked and LED lights will indicate which medicine should be given or
not and will assist the Nurse to deliver the medicines, and LCD will
display the all information of the patient and also the measurements of BP
and thermometer. And when ever nurse will try to deliver wrong medicine
an alarm will be generated
 The nurse can also call the doctor in case of emergency

The jacket consist of several parts
o Electronic pockets for Medicines
To assist the doctor which medicine you be given to a particular patient with
the help of LEDs
o Digital Thermometer and Digital Blood Pressure Meter
For the measurement of temperature and Blood Pressure of patients
o Speaker
It will generate alarm when doctor will try to deliver wrong medicine
o Transmission part
This part will interface or connect this vest to computer to access the patient’s
data
o LCD
This is the display part where all information and measurement (of
temperature and Blood Pressure) will be shown

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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SMART VEST FOR

MONITORING & SUPPORT OF MEDICAL STAFF

 Realm of our Project:

 British Hospital Medical trolley:

Electronic prescribing, scheduling and administration software:

Electronic drug trolleys

There were two electronic drug trolleys, one for

Once all medication had been prepared for a given

Some Practical example of popular vest:

Researchers at UCLA’s Center for Advanced Surgical

Their vest measures how the upper body rotates and

This is the latest new devices out right now. The

Special light effects and sound effects with

a) DIY Wearable Technology by Hannah Perner-Wilson

DIY practice of wearable technology allows individuals to explore personalized

b) A comprehensive RFID solution to enhance inpatient medication safety by

Errors involving medication administration can be costly, both in financial and in

Identify the technical considerations in implementing a barcode-based medication

The barcode-based medication system of this research uses one-dimensional, barcode

 Not cost effective:

This solution was expensive and required an industry to

 Not indigenously reproducible:

For the production of this machine an industry is required

 Skilled crew required:

This machine was not totally computerized a special skill

 Big Foot Print:

Its hardware was not so effective that it will work efficiently in

o SMART VEST FOR MONITORING & SUPPORT OF

• Jacket Prototype (Design)

Its working can be explain in following steps

 And then Doctor will wirelessly communicate the information of the

 Vest will transform the nurse more likely a doctor.

 The nurse can also call the doctor in case of emergency

o Electronic pockets for Medicines

o Digital Thermometer and Digital Blood Pressure Meter

For the measurement of temperature and Blood Pressure of patients

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