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    Modal Verbs

    Uploaded by

    Alexandra Vladovici

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Modal Verbs

    Uploaded by

    Alexandra Vladovici
    23 views5 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    23 views5 pages

    Modal Verbs

    Uploaded by

    Alexandra Vladovici

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 5

    MODAL VERBS

    1. Ability
    - CAN I can bake every cake possible.
    - TO BE ABLE TO I am able to write with my eyes closed.

    Te Rog sa scrii tu cate un exemplu

    2. POSSIBILITY
    - CAN (90% certain) I can go to the mountainside next week.
    - COULD (50 % certain) I could help you tomorrow
    - MAY (50 % certain)
    - Ex. He may be able to finish this book by tomorrow.
    - MIGHT (40% certain)
    - Ex. They might not get on well anymore.
    - IT IS LIKELY THAT
    - Ex It is likely that the will fail the exam.
    - Subject+ to be likely to
    - Ex I am likely to fall asleep very soon.

    3. PROBABILITY
    - WILL (100% certain - PREDICTION)
    Ex. He will fall for his trap – suna ciudatel
    - SHOULD (90% certain)
    Ex. He should be ready by now.
    - OUGHT TO (90% certain)
    Ex. I ought to do better next time.

    4. LOGICAL ASSUMPTION
    - Must (90% certain - POSITIVE)
    Ex He must finish his work by tomorrow
    - Can’t (90% certain – negative)
    Ex. His confession cannot be true.
    - Couldn’t (70% certain – negative)
    Ex. I could not finish this in time. E mai ok, doar ca e putin probabil sa auzi o astfel de
    utilizare la pers. 1. E ca si cum nu esti in control pe propria ta persoana. Ceea ce ai spus tu,
    este de fapt abilitate sau lipsa abilitatii. Mai degraba ceva de genul They couldn’t be on
    holiday. I thought I saw them earlier.

    5. PERMISSION
    - CAN / CAN’T ( informal, giving & refusing permission) I cannot let you go outside in this
    pandemic.
    - COULD (more polite; asking for permission) Could I use your phone to call somebody?
    - MAY (formal; giving permission) You may now relax.
    - MIGHT (more formal, asking for permission) Might I learn for my exams?
    - CAN’T / MUSTN’T (informal; refusing permission) You must not break these rules.
    - MAY NOT (formal; refusing permission)You may not go outside and play.

    6. NECESSITY
    - MUST ( internal obligation, I feel it’s the right thing to do) I must be nice to my parents.
    - HAVE / HAS TO (external obligation, coming from outside the speaker)He has to be better.
    - HAVE / HAS GOT TO(informal) I have got to overcome my fears.
    - NEED / NEED TO BE+V3 (it’s necessary) He needs to have been a good student in order to
    get into this university.
    - DOESN’T / DON’T HAVE TO (absence of necessity) You do not have to take off your shoes.
    - OUGHT TO (moral obligation) I ought to bring back the documents tomorrow.

    7. ADVICE
    - SHOULD (general advice) You should work harder next time.
    - OUGHT TO (general opinion, most people believe this) You ought to drink at least 2 litres of
    water a day.
    - HAD BETTER (advice on a specific situation) You had better be more careful while riding your
    bike!
    - SHALL…?(asking for advice) Shall I delay this congress?

    8. CRITICISM
    - COULD You could add a little bit more salt next time to your steak.??? 
    - SHOULD You should better pace the events in your next movie.
    - OUGHT TO He ought to write more believable stories next time.

    9. OBLIGATION
    - MUST I must not talk bad about the dead.
    - HAVE TO He has to tidy his room.
    - OUGHT TO I ought to clean up the mess in this room.

    10. REQUESTS
    - CAN(informal) Can I borrow your pen for a while?
    - COULD(polite) Could I buy a new cd with this money?
    - MAY(formal) May I take off my jacket?
    - MIGHT(very formal) Might I take a seat next to you?
    - WILL(very friendly)Will you help me with that school project?
    - WOULD YOU MIND….? (polite) Would you mind giving me an autograph?

    11. OFFERS
    - Can (informal) Can I help you with this problem?
    - Shall (polite) Shall I cook you beef?
    - Would you like+object pronoun+to……? Would you like me to use this theme of this book?

    12. SUGGESTIONS
    - SHALL Shall we watch a movie?
    - I / WE CAN We can always change the background to a more colourful one. – se foloseste
    always in combinatia asta
    - COULD You could start your own business.

    13. PROHIBITION
    - CAN’T (aren’t allowed to) You cannot enter this room.
    - MUSTN’T (it’s forbidden) They must not speak during the exam.
    - MAY NOT (formal) You may not play on your computer.

    14. DUTY
    - MUST You must fight for your country!
    - OUGHT TO (it’s the right thing to do, but people don’t always do it) You ought to keep your
    promises.

    Pentru trecut, in general, se foloseste un VERB MODAL + HAVE +V3.


    Dar:
    - To be able = was / were able to
    - Can / can’t = was, were / wasn’t, weren’t allowed to
    - Must = had to
    - Doesn’t have to = didn’t have to
    - Had better = would have been better

    Nr. 6 – necessity, in trecut – ATENTIE!

    -didn’t have to / didn’t need to = it wasn’t necessary for someone to do something, so he


    didn’t

    Ex. You did not have to be so kind to me.

    - needn’t have + v3 = it wasn’t necessary for someone to do something, but he did it


    nevertheless

    Ex. You need not have done your assignment, since you have done others in the past.

    Ok. Done. Intrebari? Dacadatile viitoare putem recapitula pt teza. Maine aflu din ce lectii dau.

    Evident. Facem duminica iar si lucram pt teza. Ok

    Acum nu facem exercitii cu modale ca e aiurea daca nu pot sa vorbesc.


    Lucram datile viitoare. Vreau sa clarific altceva care nu are legatura cu modalele.

    SP – subject pronoun; I wish to buy these shoes. E ok

    OP – object pronoun; (to whom? For whom? About whom? For whom?etc) He met me last night .nu ai
    OP, pers I, sg

    PA – possessive adjective; stays in front of a noun and shows possession Have you seen my jacket?nu e
    pers1

    PP – possessive pronoun; stays after a noun, in front of or after a verb; shows possession That shirt is
    mine. E ok

    Uff, nu stiu cum sa l fac. Stai asa

    1sg 2sg 3sg, 3sg, 3sg, 1pl 2pl 3pl


    masc fem neutral
    SP I YOU HE SHE IT WE YOU THEY
    OP me you him her it us you them
    PA my your his her its our your their
    PP mine yours his hers ------- ours yours theirs

    Haide sa vedem un set de 4 exemple cu fircare functie de mai sus pt persoana a 3a, sg, masculine

    Tu le scrii 

    He comes here every week.

    We were talking about him.

    Have you seen his cat?

    This voice is his.

    Foloseste HER – o data, cu functia de PA si HERS – cu functia de PP – de 3 ori, o data dupa substantiv, o
    data dupa verb si o data inaintea verbului. Toate aceste lucruri in acelasi tip de propoztiei. Adica,
    aceleasi cuvinte.

    Aceeasi propozitie, scrisa de 4 ori, in 4 feluri diferiye, o dat cu HER si de 3 ori cu HERS
    Her cat is black skinned

    Is that black skinned cat hers?

    The black skinned cat is hers

    Hers is the black skinned cat

    EXCELENT!!!

    Bravo

    Ne oprim aici. Si vorbim sambata sa vedem ce ora stabilim pt duminica. Eok? Dap. Bine. Pa pa la
    revedere!

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