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 MINISTRY OF
ELECTRICITY AND WATER

ENERGY CONSERVATION CODE

FOR BUILDINGS

' 1VIEW/R-6/2018
Foreword
The Energy Conservation Code has always been the main doctrine for practitioners in the
buildings’ design and air-conditioning fields, as air-conditioning load is attributed to 70% of the
peak load in the summer months. Therefore, it is imperative to ensure its up-to-date status and
proper implementation. Hence, the ministry is adopting a new strategic approach whereby:
- Updating the Code will be a continuous process to cope up with technological advances,
and amendments will be published on a regular basis as deemed necessary.
- The ministry will expand its existing authority to ensure proper implementation of the code
not only in the design stage but also during the construction stage.
- The consulting offices are empowered, and held responsible for accurate implementation of
the Code during the design and the construction stages.

The ministry, understanding that reform starts at home, has imposed more stringent
specifications and standards in this code for all the government buildings in an effort to reduce
the buildings peak load as well as energy consumption requirements. Also, realizing that
conservation is a community-wise task, MEW urges the assistance of all parties to play their
effective role to help cut down the escalating demand of energy and water consumption.

Dr. Meshan M. Al-Otaibi

Assistant Undersecretary for consumer affairs,
Chairman of the Energy Conservation Code Approval Committee
Table of Contents Page
1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Purpose............................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Scope ............................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Definitions....................................................................................................................... 1 .
1.4 HVAC Load Calculation................................................................................................. 8
1.5 Climate Regions in Kuwait ............................................................................................. 8
1.6 Outdoor and Indoor Design Conditions .......................................................................... 8
1.7 Methods and Software of Cooling Load Calculations .................................................... 9
2 GOVERNMENTAL AND COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS ......................................... 11
2.1 Basic Energy Conservation Requirements.................................................................... 11
2.1.1 Standard Buildings ........................................................................................................ 11
2.1.2 Special Buildings .......................................................................................................... 11
2.1.3 Mixed-Use Buildings .................................................................................................... 1 1
2.1.4 Mandatory Requirements .............................................................................................. 1 1
2.2 Minimum Required Energy Conservation Measures for Buildings ............................. 15
2.2.1 Building Envelope Construction ................................................................................... 15
2.2.1.1 External Walls and Roofs ............................................................................................. 15
2.2.1.2 Fenestration ................................................................................................................... 16
2.2.2 Infiltration Control ........................................................................................................ 17
2.2.2.1 Building Envelope ........................................................................................................ 17
2.2.2.2 Fenestration ................................................................................................................... 17
2.2.2.3 Building and Shop Entrances ........................................................................................ 17
2.2.2.4 Exhaust Fans ................................................................................................................. 17
2.3 Minimum Required Energy Conservation Measures for NC Systems ........................ 17
2.3.1 Maximum Power Rating of NC Systems ..................................................................... 17
2.3.2 A/C System Selection ................................................................................................... 20
2.3.3 Cooling Recovery Units (CRU) .................................................................................... 20
2.3.4 Time-of—Day Controls for Energy Savings (programmable thermostat) ...................... 21
2.3.5 Thermal Energy Storage (TES) .................................................................................... 21
2.3.6 Electrical Motors and Lighting Fixtures ....................................................................... 22
2.3.7 Use of Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) .................................................................... 22
2.3.7.1 Use of Variable Frequency Drives for Cooling Towers ............................................... 22
2.3.7.2 Use of Variable Frequency Drives for Other Motors ................................................... 23
2.3.8 Ventilation..................................................................................................................... 23
2.3.9 Building Automation Systems ...................................................................................... 23
2.3 .10 Thermostat Requirement ................................................................................................ 23
3 RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS. \w‘. ............................................................“. 24
3.1 Basic Energy Conservation Reg\ 4: ............................................................... 24
3.1.1 Villas ................................... .0. ......age557:),
............................................................. 24
3.1.2 Apartment Buildings............§./. ..... ‘
3.1.3 Mandatory Requirements........(9..........
3.2 Minimum Required Energy Conseriflg>
3.2.1 Building Envelope Construction ................................................................................... 25
3.2.1.1 Walls and Roofs ............................................................................................................ 25
3.2.1.2 White Areated Blocks ................................................................................................... 27
3.2.1.3 Fenestration ................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.2 Infiltration Control ........................................................................................................ 27
3.2.2.1 Building Envelope ........................................................................................................ 27
3.2.2.2 Fenestration ................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.2.3 Exhaust Fans ................................................................................................................. 28
3.3 Minimum Required Energy Conservation Measures for Electrical Equipment ........... 28
3.3.1 Maximum Power Rating of NC Systems ..................................................................... 28
3.3.2 Efficiency and Power Factor for Electrical Motors and Lighting Fixtures .................. 29
3.3.3 Ventilation..................................................................................................................... 29
3.3.4 Thermostat Requirement............................................................................................... 3O
CODE IMPLEMENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT............................................... 31
4.1 Code Limits ................................................................................................................... 31
4.2 Code Criteria ................................................................................................................. 31
4.2.1 The Consulting Office................................................................................................... 31
4.3 Submittals to MEW....................................................................................................... 32
4.3.1 Architectural Submittals ............................................................................................... 32
4.3.2 HVAC Submittals ......................................................................................................... 33
4.4 Inspection of Building by MEW ................................................................................... 33
4.5 Role of Various Entities ................................................................................................ 34
 List of Tables Page
Table 1.6.1 Outdoor Design Conditions for the Interior Region
Table 1.6.2 Outdoor Design Conditions for the Coastal Region
Table 1.6.3 Summer and Winter Outdoor and Indoor Design Conditions
Table 2.1.] Maximum Allowable Power Density (W/m’) for Lighting and 12
Different A/C Systems for Governmental and Commercial
Buildings
Table 2.2.1 Maximum Allowable U-factors for Different Types of Walls 15
and Roofs for Governmental and Commercial buildings
Table 2.2.2 Glazing Specifications for Governmental and Commercial 16
Buildings
Table 2.3.1 Maximum Allowable Power Rating for Different Types of 17
NC Systems (kW/RT)
Table 2.3.2 AJC System Selection 19
Table 2.3.3 Power Factor for Electrical Motors for governmental and 21
commercial buildings
Table 3.1.1 Maximum Allowable Power Density (W/m‘) for Lighting and 24
NC Systems in Residential Buildings
Table 3.2.1 Maximum Allowable U-factors for Different Types of Walls 25
and Roofs for residential buildings
Table 3.2.2 Glazing Specifications for Different Window-to-Wall Ratios 26
Table 3.3.1 Maximum Allowable Power Rating for Different Types of
NC Systems (kW/RT)
Table 3.3.2 Power Factor for Electrical Motors for residential buildings 28
Table 4.4 Summary of the Role of Various Governmental Bodies in the 33
Enforcement of this Code
Abbreviations and Acronyms
A/C Air conditioning
AC Air-cooled
BAS Building Automation System
CHIL Chiller
DBT Dry-bulb temperature
DX Direct expansion
FOM Figure of Merit
HP Horse power
NDT Non-Destructive testing
NFRC National Fenestration Rating Council
PAHW Public Authority for Housing Welfare
PF Power factor
PR Power rating
Refiigeration ton
Solar heat gain coefficient
Thermal energy storage
Typical Meteorological Year
Variable fiequency drive
Variable refrigerant flow
Wet—bulb temperature
Water-cooled
 1 GENERAL
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this code is to provide minimum requirements for the energy-eflicient design
of governmental, commercial and residential buildings in Kuwait.

1.2 Scope
This revised code provides the minimum energy requirements for the design and construction
of energy-efficient buildings; both entirely new buildings and new portions of existing
buildings. It includes, but not limited to, insulation of building envelope, lighting systems,
fenestration, heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems.
In addition, criteria are provided for determining compliance with these requirements. The
provisions of this revised code apply to 1) residential buildings built by the owner or by the
Public Authority for Housing Welfare (PAHW), 2) governmental buildings including
buildings for the Oil and Military Sectors, and 3) commercial buildings. In the event the
requirements for any case are not stated in this document, the latest version of the ASHRAE
90.1 Standard shall be used. The code shall not be used to circumvent any safety, health or
environmental requirements.

1.3 Definitions
A/C System: A term commonly used that refers to the HVAC system as a whole, and will be
used interchangeably with the term “HVAC system”.
Air film: Interior and exterior air surface film coefficients for summer and winter design
conditions.
Air-Conditioners (A/C): All active mechanical and electrical systems employed to provide
thermal control of the indoor environment.
Air-cooled A/C system: A system where heat is rejected to the outside environment through
air, i.e., air-cooled condenser. The cooling transport medium to the place of use may be either
air (in a direct expansion (DX) system) or chilled water (in a chilled water system).
Area, door: total area of the door measured using the rough opening and including the door
slab and the frame, (See Fenestration area).
Area of all exterior walls (gross): Extenyiigggface area of the following assemblies that
enclose conditioned space: opaque wall as H including between-floor spandrels and
peripheral edges of flooring; fenestratidn %“ :65 ¥icluding all glazed surfaces and sash
and fi‘aming elements; and door asserfiblies. eas o§%nts, grilles, and plp .. ~ ' .- uded.
‘ L569 ‘
Area of all fenestration assemblies: Interior surface area of such assemblies including all
glazed surfaces (such as windows, skylights, and sliding glass doors), sashes, curbing, or
framing elements that enclose conditioned space. For doors where the daylight opening area
is less than 50% of the door area, the fenestration area is the daylight opening area. For all
other doors, the fenestration area is the door area.
Area of all floor assemblies: Interior surface area of such assemblies that enclose
conditioned space.
Area of all opaque wall assemblies: Gross area of exterior walls measured on the exterior
consisting of all opaque wall areas (including foundation walls, between-floor spandrels,
peripheral edges of floors, etc.) that enclose conditioned space (including empty spaces).
Assembly: Portion of an envelope component represented by an arrangement and connection
of building construction materials with a specific thermal transmittance or thermal
conductance.
Building: A structure entirely or partially enclosed within exterior walls, or within exterior
and partition walls, and a roof, affording shelter to persons, animals, or property.
Building Air Infiltration or Leakage: Uncontrolled and unintentional flow of outdoor air
into a building through cracks or openings and as a result of normal use of exterior doors.
Another related term is ex-filtration, which is defined as the leakage of indoor air out of a
building. Both types of leakage, expressed in terms of air-change per hour (ACH), result from
natural or artificial pressure differences. ACH is the ratio of the outdoor airflow in a building
in an hour to its volume.
Building Automation system (BAS): Processes or techniques that allow monitoring and
control of building air conditioning, lighting systems and C02 concentration from a central
location whether in the same building or from a remote location.
Building envelope: The exterior plus the semi-exterior portions of a building. For the
purposes of determining building envelope requirements, the classifications are defined as
follows:
-Building envelope, exterior: the elements of a building that separate conditioned spaces
from the exterior.
-Building envelope, semi-exterior: The:' it? x'l
\s of a building that separate conditioned
space fi'om unconditioned space pr‘p 53.19,: dgponed spaces through which thermal
energy may be transferred to or frorfijhe forge: or from unconditioned spaces, or to or
from conditioned spaces. ‘9: L349 Q
._ Q
Buildings, Residential: all types of buildings meant for residential purposes, including
single- and multiple-family residences, such as villas, apartments, and the like.
Building type, standard: Common buildings having similar design features and can be
categorized as follows:
- Commercial buildings: all types of buildings meant for private commercial business such as
offices, shops, malls, souks, hotels, banks, schools, universities, schools, hospitals and clinics
as well as mosques built with private funds, and the like.
- Governmental buildings: all types of buildings meant for public convenience such as
government institutional buildings (ministries, authorities, buildings of non-profit
organizations (under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs), buildings
owned by government establishments and companies and their subsidiaries, etc.), schools,
universities, hospitals, clinics, mosques, police stations. This category also includes
residential buildings built by the government through its Housing Welfare program.
- Mixed-use buildings: commercial buildings with two or more fimctional uses.
Buildings type, special: All types of buildings such as hospitals, laboratories, industrial
warehouses, factories, workshops, and central plants substations and power plants.
Building type, partially occupied: Where building use extends to 16 hours per day or less
such as government buildings, offices, community centers, schools, colleges, banks, games
and sport centers, gymnasiums, clubs, shopping malls, restaurant buildings, etc.
Chilled water, air-cooled A/C systems: In these systems, cooling is supplied to room air by
chilled water in air-handling units or fan-coil units, and the condensing unit is cooled by
ambient air.
Chilled water, water-cooled A/C systems: in these systems, cooling is supplied to room air
by chilled water in air-handling units or fan-coil units, and the condenser is cooled by water
from cooling towers, or from other sources.
Coastal and interior regions: The coastal region is the region Within 2.5 kilometers of the
coastline, and the rest is considered as the interior region.
Conditioned space: an enclosed space occupied by people within a building that is provided
with mechanical heating and/or cooling.
Diversity factor (DP): The ratio of build f ailffiload to the sum of individual zones' peak
"w
loads. i--;_,
DX, air-cooled A/C systems. In thesg/syste“:601in'g 1s supplied to room air directly from
refiigerant boiling in a heat exchangenvcglgdficaaporator; and the condenser 18 cooled by
ambient air (e.g.; mini--split units, ducted spl®its, VRF, packaged units, etc..Q

3 W
 DX, water-cooled A/C systems: In these systems, cooling is supplied to room air directly
through ducts from refiigerant boiling in a heat exchanger, called an evaporator; and the
condenser is cooled by water.
DXInverter: DX packaged, ducted split or mini split with inverter compressor.
Effective Orr-Grade Floor Heat Gain: Effective heat gain fiom the on-ground floor of an
air-conditioned building is defined as the product of the perimeter or exposed edge, the heat
gain coefficient per unit perimeter and the temperature difference between the indoor and the
outdoor temperatures.
Energy efficiency ratio (EER): the ratio of net cooling capacity (Btu/h) to total rate of
electric input in watts under designated operating conditions.
Envelope component: A major section of the entire envelope, such as the opaque walls
above grade, ceilings, slabs, floors, glazing, doors, or walls below grade.
External Shaded Construction: All types of shading devices (passive) that form part and
parcel of a building’s construction. I
Floor area, grass: The sum of the floor areas of the spaces within the building, including
basements, mezzanine and intermediate-floored tiers, and penthouses with a headroom height
of 7.5 it (2.3 m) or greater. It is measured from the exterior faces of exterior walls or from the
centerline of walls separating buildings, but excluding covered walkways, open roofed-over
areas, porches and similar spaces, pipe trenches, exterior terraces or steps, chimneys, roof
overhangs, and similar features.
Gross building envelope floor area: The gross floor area of the building envelope, but
excluding slab—on-grade floors.
Gross conditionedfloor area: The gross floor area of conditioned spaces.
Gross lightedfloor area: The gross floor area of lighted spaces.
Floor, Envelope: The lower portion of the building envelope, including opaque area and
fenestration, that has conditioned or partially conditioned space above and is horizontal or
tilted at an angle of less than 60 degrees from horizontal but excluding slab-on-grade floors.
For the purposes of determining building envelope requirements, the classifications are
defined as follows:
,IK"
\N"
Glazing: A part of the fenestration (an.o /" 3m‘the building envelope), whether fixed or
operable, that serves as a physical arid/I _/ gnection to the outdoors, as well as
admitting light. Types of glazing inQdeW designs and constructions with the intent
\ g l/

of minimizing the A/C load by reducing drnffliation input and/or conduction. Important
Related definitions are: (D
4 /.
 - Glazed area: This is the total projected area, in square meters or square feet, of the
fenestration, an opening in the building envelope, that serves as a window or a door. The area
measurement includes transparent glazing and any opaque element comprising the sash and
flame.
- Solar heat gain coeflicient (SHGC): The ratio of the solar heat, gain entering the space
through the fenestration area to the incident solar radiation. Solar heat gain includes directly
transmitted solar heat and absorbed solar radiation, which is then reradiated, conducted, or
convicted into the space. (See fenestration area).
- Shading coefficient (SC): This is a multiplier that adjusts the solar gain value for clear
glass to a value for tinted glass. The relationship between the solar heat gain coefficient
(SHGC) and the SC is defined as SC = (SHGC)/0.87. The SHGC is the fraction of incident
irradiance that enters the glazing and becomes heat gain. It includes both transmitted and
absorbed irradiance, where the latter is subsequently conducted, convected and radiated to the
interior of the building.
Gross roof area: The area of the roof measured from the exterior faces of walls or from the
centerline of adjacent (neighboring) walls. (See roof and wall.)
Gross wall area: The area of the wall measured on the exterior face from the top of the floor
to the bottom of the roof.
Opaque areas: All areas in the building envelope, except fenestration and building service
openings such as vents and grilles (See building envelope and fenestration).
Peak Electrical Load: The maximum electrical load of a building as a whole and is
expressed in kilowatts (kW).
Peak Power Density of an A/C System: The ratio of the total electrical load of the A/C
system, as defined for ‘Peak Electrical Load 'for NC Systems,’ expressed in watts, to the air-
conditioned area of the building as defined for ‘Air-Conditioned Space,’ expressed as square
meters.
Peak Power Density ofLighting: The ratio of thetotal electrical load of a building’s lighting
fixtures, inclusive of associated losses, as defined for ‘Peak electrical Load for Lighting,’
expressed as watts, to the air-conditioned area of the building as defined for ‘Air-Conditioned
Space,’ expressed as square meters. / \

Peak Power Density: The peak electricalllo

..
.s.,,./ per unit area (m2) for NC and lighting
,0 \vzé. {3f
systems of a building. ;; 3")
Power Rating: The power required (“6 pgflfigafbooling (RT) for an A/C system and its
components. 6.)

5
Project: One or more buildings for which there is only one Municipality building permit.
Proposed design: Design of the living unit or building to be constructed. The design takes
into account all qualities, details, and characteristics of the building that significantly afl‘ect
the use of energy, such as construction, geometry, orientation, exposure, materials,
equipment, and renewable energy sources.
Residential buildings: All types of buildings meant for residential purposes, including
single-and multiple-family residences such as villas, apartments and the like.
Residential Villa: Building of three stories or fewer above grade containing three or more
living units other than townhouses, including a manufactured building (modular).
Roof: The upper portion of the building envelope, including opaque areas and fenestration,
that is horizontal or tilted at an angle of less than 60° fiom horizontal.
Shall: Term used to indicate provisions that are mandatory if compliance with the standard is
claimed.
Slab-on-grade floor: That portion of a slab floor of the building envelope that is in contact
with the ground and that is either above grade or is less than or equal to 24 in. (610 mm)
below the final elevation of the nearest exterior grade.
Specific Heat (cg): The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a
substance by one unit of temperature.
Standby A/C Units: These include any units that are operated only during the failure of main
A/C units and shall not be supplied with additional power. ~
Thermal conductivity of a material (k): The rate of heat transfer per hour, per unit area, per
unit length of material in the direction of heat flow per unit temperature difference, expressed
as Btu.in/h.fi2.°F or W.m/m2.K.
Thermal insulation materials: All types of passive insulation materials used as a part and
parcel of building’s wall and roof construction.
Thermal mass: The ability of a material to store thermal energy, hence it is an indicator for
the ability of a building construction to dampen and delay diffusion of heat and temperature.
Thermal resistance (R-value): the reciprocal of the time rate of heat flow through a unit area
induced by a unit temperature difference between two defined surfaces of material or
construction under steady-state conditions (h/.=' 337% or m2. K/W).
Thermal transmittance (Ufactor) heat ear-:3: sflmqm unit time through unit area of a
material or construction and the bouniaemClrhs 1‘9duced by unit temperature difference
between the environments on each side (fin/QWOor W/m2 K).

G)
6
 Thermally insulated buildings: Buildings that use insulation materials for the wall and roof
constructions to satisfy the maximum allowable U-factor in this code.
Thermal storage: Storage of cooling capacity in a storage medium at or below the normal
chiller supply temperature.
Total Peak Electrical Load for Buildings. This refers to the peak electrical load of a
building, which includes the A/C system, internal lighting and other electrically operated
appliances or equipment.
U-factor: see thermal transmittance.
Unconditioned space: Space within a building that is not conditioned (see conditioned
space).
Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) System : an engineered direct expansion (DX) multi-split
system incorporating at least one variable capacity compressor distributing refiigerant
through a piping network to multiple indoor fan-coil units, each capable of individual zone
temperature control, through integral zone temperature control devices and common
communications network.
Ventilation: The process of supplying outside fresh air to or removing air fi'om a space for
the purpose of controlling air contamination levels, humidity, or temperature within the space
by natural or mechanical means.
Wall and Roof Areas: These are the external surface areas of the building envelope,
measured in square meters or square feet, based on the external dimensions of walls, roofs
and exposed floors, as the case may be.
Wall and Roof Construction Classification: Building construction is classified into four
basic types; very light, light, medium and heavy, dictated by the value of thermal mass per
unit surface area of wall and roof.
Wall: That portion of the building envelope that is vertical or tilted at an angle of 60 degrees
fi'om horizontal or greater.
Above-grade wall: A wall that is not a below-grade wall. .
Below-grade wall: That portion of a wall in the building envelope that is entirely below the
finished grade and m contact with the grod
4"“'\“\
4
Mass wall: A wall constructed of con ,:oil.crete masonry, insulating concrete foam
(ICF), masonry cavity, brick (other than )nearth (adobe, compressed earth block,
)' ")
rammed earth), and solid timber or 1&5. \. , )
wfibjép\ ; ‘\ p

(D
7
 Water vapor retarder: Material or construction that adequately impedes the transmission of
water vapor under specified conditions. The water vapor permeability shall be less than 1.0
perm (0.006 ug/Pa.s.m2) when tested in accordance with ASTM E 96.
Water-cooled A/C system: In these systems, heat is rejected to the outside environment
through water, Le, a water-cooled condenser. The water used can be potable, brackish from
an underground source, or seawater. In re-circulating water-cooled system, the water is re-
circulated normally in a cooling tower to conserve water. In once-through systems, the
cooling water is used only once, after which it is discharged, as in seawater cooling. The
cooling transport medium to the place of use may be either air (in a DX system) or chilled
water.
Window-to-wall Ratio: The ratio of the glazing area to the gross wall area, excluding
spandrel glass.
Zone, HVAC: A space or group of spaces within a building with heating and cooling
requirements that are sufficiently similar so that desired conditions (e.g. temperature) can be
maintained throughout using a single sensor (6. g. thermostat or temperature sensor).

1.4 HVAC Load Calculation

To calculate the peak cooling/heating demand and the annual cooling and electrical energy
requirements, it is essential to generate hourly data profiles for parameters that significantly
affect the hour-to-hour cooling and/or heating demand of the building. These parameters are
the dry-bulb temperature (DBT), wet-bulb temperature (WET), wind speed and global solar
radiation.

1.5 Climate Regions inKuwait

Kuwait’s meteorological data over the past several years show an appreciable difference
between weather conditions in the coastal and the interior regions, particularly during the
summer season. Coastal regions experience hot and humid conditions, whereas the interior
regions are hot and dry.

1.6 Outdoor and Indoor Design Conditions

For each of the two climate regions, different sets of outdoor design conditions shall be
selected as given in Tables 1.6.1 and Lfif‘éifievfi'equency of occurrence shall be selected
7-....'\
based on the type and importance of theM} (,4. and it is the designer's responsibility to
select the appropriate value that ensfis mafia? builliing
j -
energy requirement.

115;;
®
8
 Table 1.6.3 provides the outdoor and indoor design conditions for the summer and winter
seasons. Exceptions for building designs with special requirements may be permitted on prior
written approval from MEW.

Table 1.6.1 Outdoor Deggn Conditions for the Interior Region

ETEqpency of Occurrence 66/031312?
“06°10 (.2 (”in
1.0 48.0 (118.4) 27.1 (80.8)
2.5 47.0 (116.6) 25.5 (77.9)
5.0 46.2 (115.2) 24.0 (75.2)
Daily Range = 133°C (24.0 °F)

Table 1.6.2 Outdoor Design Conditions for the Coastal Region

FreQUency ofi’ Occuri‘ené‘e (V0) DBT WBT
o C (0F) 0 C (OF)
1.0 47.4 (117.3) 31.7 (89)
2.5 46.1 (115) 30.8 (87.5)
5.0 44.8 (112.6) 30.1 (86.2)
Daily Range = 83°C (15.0°F)

Table 1.6.3 Summer and Winter Outdoor and Indoor Design Conditions
Sumner, “C(11) Winter °‘G (°F)
Outdoor Indoor Outdoor indoor
Interior DBT Refer to 23.9 (75.0) 10 (50) 18.3 (65.0)
WBT Table 17.0 (62.5) 5 (41) 11.6 (52.9)
RH 1.6.1 50% 40% 30%
Coastal DBT Refer to 23.9 (75.0) 10 (50) 18.3 (65.0)
WBT Table 17 (62.5 ) 2.0 (36.6) 11.6 (52.9)
RH 1.6.2 50% 64% 30%

,x ~<\
//'~"
1.7 Methods and Software of Coolm’2. .

Different methods for calculating air- )5“:E’gflmgling load for the purpose of sizing NC
equipment can be used. These medgodsh id’codAider the thermal mass of the building
1 1/ ’9
envelop, the hourly outdoor temperatureajgps radiation and other weather parameters.
Examples of methods that can be used for tl®purpose are: Heat Balance, Transfer Function

9
Method, Time Radiant Series, and Total Equivalent Temperature Difference (TETD).
Building load calculation and energy simulaiion programs such as APEC, HAP, Hevacomp,
Energy Plus, and Trace 700 can be used, or any other program approved by MEW.
 2 GOVERNMENTAL AND COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
2.1 Basic Energy Conservation Requirements
2.1.1 Standard Buildings
The minimum energy conservation requirements for different types of standard buildings are
determined by the maximum power density for the A/C and lighting systems, as given in
Table 2.1.1. Further energy conservation measures to make buildings more efficient are
recommended.

2.1.2 Special Buildings

The minimum energy conservation requirements related to the building and the A/C system
as described below must be applied. For lighting systems, LED lights that meet approved
local specifications or accepted international standards (e.g. IEC, etc.) shall be used. In
addition, a verified method of load calculation shall be used, as mentioned in Section 1.7.
Spaces within Standard buildings but with different thermal characteristics (such as
swimming pool, data center, kitchen, laundry, mechanical and electrical plant room, etc.)
shall follow the requirements of this section.

2.1.3 Mixed-Use Buildings

In mixed-use buildings, the power density (W/mz) of NC and lighting for each space shall be
separated according to its fiinction to ensure meeting the stipulated maximum values in Table
2.1.1. Some clarifying cases include, but not limited to, the following:
- For five-story buildings and above, no air conditioning shall be allowed in isolated
staircases adjacent to air-conditioned spaces. The external wall(s) and roof(s) of such
staircases and partition walls between the air-conditioned areas and staircase must be
insulated to the same level of the building envelope.
- Ancillary areas of an air-conditioned space (e.g., store, toilet, pantry, changing room, and
corridor) shall have 50% of the A/C power density (W/mz) of the fimction they support
as per Table 2.1.1.

2.1.4 Mandatory Requirements

1. The designer must ensure that the total peak electrical power drawn for any operation
configuration shall not exceed the allowable peak wattage per square meter provided in Table
2.1.1.
2. If the maximum allowable Power Density (Table 2.1.1) cannot be met, the designer must
resort to other energy efficiency/conservation measures to achieve the target.
3. In installations where only part of a cooling machine’s capacity is considered standby, then
the whole machine shall be considered as part of the basic system cooling load, and the
machine’s peak electrical power shall be included in the calculation of the peak wattage per
square meter for A/C system.
4. No additional power shall be provided for NC systems during the charging mode of the
thermal energy storage. This shall be clearly indicated in the electrical drawings and
schematics submitted to MEW.
5. All occupied spaces (such as porter rooms, guardrooms, kitchens, etc.) shall be air-
conditioned.
6. All mini-split units used in governmental and commercial buildings shall be inverter type.
 Table 2.1.1 Maximum Allowable Power Density (W/m‘) for Lighting and Different
A/C SLtems for Governmental and Commercial Build?
1 . , 1mm i ‘1‘] ._ “@q
mam new 1533: I
{Wexterm . .
Clinic 9 7o ‘ 65} J 85 M65 "55 i l '55”
School
9 80 75 100 75 65 65
(classroom)
Mosque
15 95 90 1 15 90 75 75
(religious area)
Fast food _
restaurant 7 120 l 10 145 l 10 95 95
- stand alone
Fast food
restaurant 7 100 90 120 90 80 75
- In a mall
Office 9 55 50 65 50 45 45
Community
hall, dining 10 95 90 115 90 75 75
ball, theatre

Show room 15 90 85 110 85 75 70

Shopping mall 15 60 55 70 55 45 45
Supermarket 15 60 55 70 55 45 45
Stand-alone
15 65 60 75 60 50 50
shop
V (1) Power densities for DX systems are based on a diversity factor of 1.0.
(2) Power densities for Air- and Water-cooled chiller systems are based on a diversity factor
of 0.9.
Notes: -’ ‘-___ A V‘ ‘
1. Thermal energy storage is not cons\i 2;; v3 V edsable. Therefore, the figures shall be
reduced proportionally when thermaiprieEgght/raggis used, for which calculation shall be
submitted for MEW approval. <9 g 9:49
2. Administration areas in schools shall be treated as Offices and assembly halls shall be
treated as community halls.
3. For chilled-water systems with a diversity factor higher than 0.90, the consulting office
shall provide cooling load calculations supporting his claim, and the power density (Win12)
shall be recalculated and submitted for MEW approval.
2.2 Minimum Required Energy Conservation Measures for Buildings
In order to meet the ‘Basic Energy Conservation Requirements’, the code stipulates that
certain minimum requirements for energy conservation measures shall be adhered to, and no
deviations shall be permitted. The building designer shall abide by the aforementioned
requirements, and is encouraged to consider more stringent measures for further energy
conservation. Such measures may include, but not limited to, more insulation, shading
devices, more efficient A/C systems, lighting systems and glazing; and better controls in a
Building Automation System (BAS).

2.2.1 Building Envelope Construction-

2.2.1.l External Walls and Roofs
Table 2.2.1 provides a list of the maximum allowable overall heat transfer coefficients (U-
factor) for a variety of wall and roof constructions and their external color.
Exposed floors: Exposed floors in multistory apartment buildings or similar constructions
shall not have a U-factor of more than 0.256 W/(m2.K) (0.045 Btu/h.fiz.°F).
Columns and beams insulation: Columns and beams shall be insulated in a manner similar to
corresponding walls. Accordingly, their U-factor should not exceed 0.396 W/(m2.K) (0.070
Btu/(h.fi2.°F)) for the columns and beams. In case the columns and beams are not insulated,
this requirement shall be compensated for by additional insulation on walls/roofs.
Slab-On-Grade insulation (for buildings without basements): It should be water resistant, laid
horizontally on the slab at the inner side of external walls and extends a distance of 120 cm
from the wall. The U-factor of the section shall not be more than 0.256 W/m2.K (0.045
Btu/11.112. °F).
Below-Grade walls shall have a U-factor not more than the U-factor of the Above-Grade
wall.
Walls, roofs and floors between conditioned and unconditioned spaces shall have U-factors
of equivalent to those used for the external envelop of the conditioned spaces.
Table 2.2.1 Maximum Allowable U-factors for Different Types of Walls and Roofs for
Governmental and Commercial buildings
€qnsti‘uetibm 'lge VV'alEx C61u"friii§ arid Eéam .

Very light < 50 _<_ 0.227 < 25 5 0.155

(<24) 5(004) (<12) 5 (0.027)
Light 50 — 220 5 0.369 25 - 110 5 0.170
(2.4 - 10.8) 5 (0.065) (1.2 — 5.4) s (0.03)
Medium‘” 221 - 440 5 0.397 111 - 220 5 0.199
(10.9 - 21.5) s (0070)“) (5.5 - 10.8) 5 (0.035)
Heavy > 440 5 0.454 > 220 50.256
> (21.5) 5 (0.080) > (10.8) s (0045)“)
(1) Figures age given in kJ/m2.°C (Btu/fi2.°F).
(2) Figures are given in W/m2.°C (Btu/h.fi2.°F).
Notes:
1. Walls built with AAC white block are categorized as medium construction.
2. Achievable for walls using 30 cm-thick white aerated blocks with density of S 500 kg/m3
and conductivity k 5 6.4477 W/m.K (0.93 Btu.in/ft2.h.°F).
3. Achievable for roofs using a 10 cm- thick insulation materials such as polyurethane or
extruded polystyrene.

2.2.1.2 Fenestration
Glazing characteristics for windows used in governmental and commercial buildings, and for
curtain walls used in residential buildings, are given in Table 2.2.2. All windows shall have a
thermal break between metallic flame and glazing, and between the inner and outer metallic
fi'ames. All glazing shall have labels indicating their specifications and performance
characteristics.

v \tp‘eéfié? / .°’
E,/ \v/
“4 V
‘3
to)
\9 “iv \
 Table 2.2.2 Glazing_pecifications for Governmental and Commercial Buildm
élazing Type Mair. SHGC Mix [AI-factor”“"WV/m2 ”C (Btu/W ii%)_
Double/triple 6-mm Super 0.22 1.14 (0.20)
glass High Performance
(HP Series) spectrally
selective
(1) U-factors above include frame and glazing.
(2) As per ANSI/NFRC 100 @ 24 °C and 48 °C for the interior and exterior conditions,
respectively

2.2.2 Infiltration Control

2.2.2.1 Building Envelope
Building envelope shall be made tight with no cracks or open joints in order to minimize air
infiltration. Buildings using pre—cast concrete elements in their wall construction must have
joints permanently sealed with a durable seal, through the whole depth of the joint.

2.2.2.2 Fenestration
All exterior windows, skylights and doors shall be properly sealed and weather-shipped to
limit infiltration. A11 cracks shall be sealed with caulking or similar materials. Positive
pressure inside buildings shall be maintained by the air-handling system to minimize air and
dust infiltration. The air leakage through windows, skylights and sliding glass doors shall
have an air infiltration rate of no more than 0.3 cfizn/ft2 (1.5 L/s/mz), and swinging doors no
more than 0.5 cfm/f’t2 (2.6 Us/mz), when tested according to NFRC standards by an
accredited and independent laboratory.

2.2.2.3 Building and Shop Entrances

Except for small shops with single access/entrance, all main exterior entrances to buildings
shall have double doors-with vestibule in between. Both doors shall close automatically after
use. Alternately, revolving doors may be used.

2.2.2.4 Exhaust Fans

All exhaust fans shall have back-draft dampers, which shall automatically close when fans
are not in use.

2.3 Minimum Required Energy 1 3/.' . n/Measures for NC Systems

2.3.1 Maximum Power Rating OWWQ
\ / ’9 j

The power rating of different types ofiAflds‘tsmsoand their components are given in Table
23.1 G)
\,
17
 Table 2.3.1 Maximum Allowable Power Rating for Different Types of NC Systems
' (kW/RT)

implementation 15‘... ' ' 11/1/2019 ' 1/1/2020 1/1/2022 ’ ‘1/1/2024

DX units Without All 1.5 1.4 1.25 Start of
inverter compressor (2) Phase out
DX with inverter All 1.5 1.4 1.25 1.20
compressor (2) (1.10) (1.10) (1.0) (0.90)
Variable refrigerant All 1.35 1.20 1.15 1.10 (0.83)
flow (VRF) <2) (1.05) (0.90) (0.85)

Air-cooled chilled water All 1.60/2.00 1.40/1.80 1.20/1.60 0.85/1.25

system
m’ (3)

Water-cooled chilled <250 0.85/1.40 0.80/1.35 0.75/1.3 0.70/1.25

water system (3’ 250—500 075/130 070/125 0.65/1.15 0.58/1.10
>500 070/125 065/120 0.60/1 .10 058/105
(1) All power ratings are at condenser conditions: DBT 48°C (118.4°F) and WBT 26.9°C
(80.5°F), except those in brackets ( ) are at DBT 35°C (95°F) and WBT 239°C (75.0°F).
(2) Approval of DX units (including VRF) shall be as per the requirements and conditions in
the form titled "Approval of NC DX Units" given in Appendix A.
(3) Power ratings of chiller / total power rating.
Notes:
1. Rating for air-cooled and water-cooled chillers is based on the following parameters:
0 Water temperature at the chiller outlet is 6.67°C (44°F).
0 Temperature drop of chilled water across the evaporator is 5.56 °C (10 °F). However,
higher temperature differential may be used for loads exceeding 500 RT to reduce
pumping power while maintaining the above maximum kW/RT system rating.
0 Temperature drop of cooling water across the condenser is 5.56 °C (10 °F).
. Fouling factors for the evaporator Mauser are 0.00025 (flz.h.°F) /Btu (0.000044
(m2.°C)/W) and 0.00075 (1°:2 h.°F)/BW32 (m2.°C)/W), respectively
Af—

0 Water pressure drop in the wag)oratofin?)9¥nde?13er of chiller and AHU coil is 4.6 m
(15 a)
.9339
"
1 (1:9)

®
8
2. For governmental projects, VRF system is permitted only if central air handling unit with
provision for fresh air and two stages of filtration are used (6. g. primary filter — 2” thick
metallic cleanable with 75% average arrestance efficiency, and secondary filter — bag
filter with minimum 65% dust spot efficiency). In such case, the maximum power rating
shall not exceed 120% of the values stipulated in table 2.3.1 above, and subject to prior
MEW approval.
3. Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) = lZ/(kW/RT).
 2.3.2 A/C System Selection
Table 2.3.2 shall strictly be followed when selecting A/C systems for various applications.
However, if the proper A/C system cannot be selected in accordance with the table for any
reason, a technical report shall be submitted to MEW, Electrical Installation Dept. ASHRAE
Safety Standard 15 & 34-2010 (or the latest) shall be strictly adhered to when designing and
installing VRF systems. The Consultant shall obtain MEW approval for the availability of the
total electricity and water demands during the initial design stage.

Table 2.3.2 A/C System Selection

. . ' Commercial; Gh‘éériiiiiéfifali '. ‘ ébiiifir‘ercifalléowrfiinenthlf
' Plant Capacity ' <500 5500 501 — 100.0~ >1ooo
(RT)
Building - — >16 $16 >16 _<_16
Operation

(HrS)
Coastal -DX -VRF ~VRF -VRF -WC -WC + TES
-VRF -DX inverter -AC -AC +TES
-DX inverter
Interior -DX -VRF -VRF -VRF -WC -WC + TBS
-VRF -DX inverter -WC -AC+TES
-DX inverter
Notes:
1. Minimum thermal energy storage (TBS) capacity for governmental and commercial
sectors shall be 30% and 20%, respectively, of the project block load, for a minimum
duration of 4 hours discharge. .
2. Schools, both governmental and private, with cooling capacities higher than 1000 RT are
exempted from using WC chilled water systems and may use either VRF or Air-cooled
chilled water system with TES.

2.3.3 Cooling Recovery Units (CRU)

CRU shall be used when:
p
1. The recoverable exhaust air quantity? or more than 2,000 CFM (940 V3) for
buildings 1n the coastal region, $<9\
 2. The recoverable exhaust air quantity is equal to or more than 3,000 CFM (1410 Us) for
buildings in the interior region.

The CRU shall have a minimum efficiency of 75% for all buildings. Exception can be
granted when health hazards that may accrue such as in operation theaters and toilets, for
such applications, a fixed-plate or heat-pipe CRU (non-mixing CRU) shall be used having a
minimum efficiency of 55%. A central exhaust system shall be incorporated in the design
stage of the building to facilitate the above requirement.

2.3.4 Time-of-Day Controls for Energy Savings (programmable thermostat)

Use of programmable thermostats (controlled by either an automatic time clock or
programmable control system) is mandatory for all zones with part-day occupancy. Exception
is granted to rooms with units having cooling capacities not exceeding 24,000 BTU/H (7 kW,
nominal) with a manual On/Off switch, which shall be switched off during extended non-
occupancy periods. The programmable thermostat shall facilitate seven different schedules
for each day of the week. In addition, it shall allow a manual override that invokes temporary
operation of the cooling system for up to 2 hours. The setback minimum value is 5.6°C (10
°F) fiom the normal set temperature of 24 °C (75 °F) with alternative durations. These
settings should not cause any discomfort during the occupancy period or increase in demand
for cooling or power from 12:00 to 16:00 (the peak demand period).

2.3.5 Thermal Energy Storage (TES)

Use of thermal energy storage (water, ice, eutectic, etc.) is mandatory for all partially
occupied buildings (maximum operating time 16 hours per day) using chilled water system of
capacities above 500 RT. After applying diversity, the TES capacity for commercial and
governmental buildings shall be at least 20% and 30% of total project peak load for 4 hours,
respectively. Figure of merit (FOM) of the thermal energy storage shall be 0.85 or above.
During TES charging mode, set point temperature of non-occupied zones shall be 295°C (85
°F). The Consulting office shall provide daily building load profile that forms the basis for
the design strategy.
The NC connected loads for buildings with TBS shall be calculated as per the following
formulae: 6 .~\
For commercial buildings: 3\ 3 «. 3“

CLB,A/C= CLP A/C- (0 2 0 * PLran/Cit P R3:gig? 4")

3.)
For governmental buildings: / v“{:3
Y

QA—
CLENC: CLP NC (0 3O * PLEA/C * PRCSLJé)? M
21
Where:

CLc = air conditioning connected load calculated as per Section 1.4 and not to exceed

values in Table 2.1.1, (kW).

CLBNC = air conditioning building connected load, (kW)
PLBM; = air conditioning building peak load calculated as per Section 1.4 or Table 2.1.1,
whichever is lower.
PRc = chiller power rating from Table 2.3.1.

2.3.6 Electrical Motors and Lighting Fixtures

All inductive motors including those in NC systems shall have a power factor (PF) and
efficiency not less than the values given in Table 2.3.3. Furthermore, it is mandatory for all
governmental and commercial buildings to install and replace all lighting systems with LED
lights, occupancy sensors, and time-of-day-control for the lighting systems. Discharge and
LED lamps shall have a minimum PF of 0.90.

Table 2.3.3 Power Factor for Electrical Motors for governmental and commercial
buildings
' " Ffiiiifigb'ad
- Mimi “3%?“ W56),
”@617
Single Phase Motors, 240 Volts,.1450 rpm. and. 50 > 0.95 ‘ 275
Hz: All range
3-Phase motors, 415 Volts, 1500 rpm, 50 Hz: 2 0.95 _>_90
>0.5 hp

Notes:
1. For equipment having more than one motor (e.g. A/C units), power factor is considered for
the entire equipment and shall not be less than 0.8.
2.3.7 Use of Variable Frequency Drives (VFD)
2.3 7.1 Use of Variable Frequency Drives for Cooling Towers
Fan motors of cooling towers for all Sizes/«anrkfor all locations shall have variable frequency
drives (VFD) and optimized power fac ’>~0’. 5. The fan speed shall be regulated by a
temperature sensor monitoring the temfiaEe/ofs'tvater leaving the cooling tower. For
minimizing water consumption and \gpouge} consumption, it is recommended that.
,9 ’z Lu?»
6')
22
 1. Regardless of weather conditions or the load on the cooling tower, the temperature of
water leaving the cooling tower shall be kept fixed at the design value.
2. Regardless of the number of chillers in operation, all the cooling towers, including the
standby with their fans in operation, shall share the water from the common header.
3. A Single temperature sensor should regulate all the VFDs, thus ensuring similar speed
for all the fans.
2.3.7.2 Use of Variable Frequency Drives for Other Motors
Variable frequency drives shall also be provided for motors of AHUs, chilled water pumps,
condenser water pumps and compressors of chillers.

2.3.8 Ventilation
All air-conditioned spaces shall have a minimum quantity of ventilation air that is the highest
of the following values:
1. 0.250 ACH for pressurization + exhaust air from kitchens, toilets and other areas.
2. Recommended air quantity as given by the Ventilation Rate Procedure described in the
latest version of the ASHRAE 62.1 Standard (Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air
Quality). This new procedure ensures that the design outdoor airflow required in the
breathing zone of the occupied space(s) is met by taking into account both the occupancy
and floor area simultaneously. The effectiveness of the air distribution system shall be
determined accordingly and used to obtain the final quantity of the required ventilation
rate.

2.3.9 Building Automation Systems

It is mandatory to use a BAS in all projects having a cooling production capacity of 500RT
and above. For projects with lower than 500 RT cooling production capacity BAS is
recommended to be used, however programmable thermostats and lighting controls
(occupancy sensors, and daylight control where applicable) shall be used.

2.3.10 Thermostat Requirement

All thermostats (analog, digital) or sensors (individual or part of a BAS) shall have a
minimum indoor temperature setting of 20°C.
3 RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
3.1 Basic Energy Conservation Requirements
3.1.1 Villas
The minimum energy conservation requirement for villas is determined by the maximum
power density for the A/C and lighting systems are given in Table 3.1.1. Further energy
conservation measures to make buildings more efficient are recommended.

3.1.2 Apartment Buildings

The power density (W/mz) of A/C and lighting systems for each space shall be separated
according to its function to ensure meeting the stipulated maximum values in Table 3.1.1.
Some clarifying cases include, but not limited to, the following:
— For five—story buildings and above, no air conditioning shall be provided for isolated
staircases adjacent to air-conditioned spaces. The external wall(s) and roof(s) of such
staircases as well as partition walls between the air-conditioned areas and staircase
must be insulated to the same level of the building envelope.
- Ancillary areas of an air-conditioned space (e.g., store, toilet, pantry, changing room, and
corridor) shall have 50% of the A/C power density (W/mz) of the function they support
as per Table 3.1.1.

3.1.3 Mandatory Requirements:

1. The designer must ensure that the total peak electrical power drawn for any operation 4
configuration shall not exceed the allowable peak wattage per square meter. ‘
2. If the maximum allowable Power Density (Table 3.1.1) cannot be met, the designer must
resort to other energy conservation/efficiency measures to achieve the target.
3. In installations where only part of a cooling machine’s capacity is considered standby, then
the whole machine shall be considered as part of the cooling load, and the machine’s peak
electrical power shall be included in the calculation of the peak wattage per square meter for
NC system.
4. All occupied spaces such as maids’ rooms, guardrooms, kitchens, etc. shall be air-

conditioned.
5. Mini—split and window type units shall W used for driver’s room, kitchen and stand-
alone guard room if the overall W/m2 ofanfil‘e villa exceeds the maximum allowable
limit. f)
.)
\
6. All mini-split units shall be inverteityp\./
vnbh’o

®
24
 Table 3.1.1 Maximum Allowable Power Density (W/m’) for Lighting and NC
§ystems 1n Residential Buildings
_, fix ’ Ali- Wateredojedlcfiiltéa F

‘ can
my: any: «as?“e
Cm an:
Res‘demal‘ 5 so 45 65 45 40 4o
-Villas
Apartments 5 55 50 70 50 50 45
-
Diwaniya,
Reception&
7 70 65 93 65 60 58
Dining (in villas
only)
Notes:
1. Power densities for DX systems are based on a diversity factor of 1.0.
2. Power densities for Air- and Water-cooled chiller systems are based on a diversity factor
of 0.9.
3. For chilled-water systems with a diversity factor higher than 0.90, the consulting ofiice
shall provide cooling load calculations supporting his claim, and the power density
(W/mz) shall be recalculated and submitted for MEW approval.

3.2 Minimum Required Energy Conservation Measures for Buildings

In order to meet the ‘Basic Energy Conservation Requirements’, the code stipulates that
certain minimum requirements for energy conservation measures be adhered to. These
requirements may or may not guarantee that a given building will meet the Basic Energy
Conservation Requirements described herein. The building designer shall abide by the
aforementioned requirements by considering more stringent measures and no deviations shall
be permitted. Such measures may include, but not limited to, more insulation, shading
devices, more efficient A/C system, more efficient lighting systems, glazing that is more
efficient and better controls leading to a Building Automation System (BAS).

3.2.1 Building Envelope Construction

‘ 3.2.1.1 Walls and Roofs
 a) Exposed floors: Exposed, floors in multistory apartment buildings or similar
constructions shall not have a U-factor of more than 0.256 W/(m2.K) (0.045
Bt11/(h.fi2. °F)).
b) Columns and beams insulation: Columns and beams shall be insulated in a manner
similar to adjacent walls. Accordingly, their U-factors should not exceed 0.483
W/(m2.K) (0.085 Btu/(h.fi2.°F)) for the columns and beams. In case the columns and
beams are not insulated, this requirement shall be compensated for by additional
insulation on walls and/or roofs.
c) Slab-On-Grade Insulation (for buildings without basements): It shall be water
resistant, laid horizontally on the slab at the inner side of external walls and extends a
distance of 120 cm fiom the wall. The U-factor for the insulation material should not
be more than 0.256 W/m2.K (0.045 Btu/11.112. °F).
d) Below—Grade Wall Insulation: Below-grade walls shall have a rated U-factor not more
than the U—factor of the above-grade wall.
6) Exterior walls, roofs and floors of unconditioned spaces connected to conditioned
spaces shall have U-factors similar to the external envelop of conditioned spaces.

Table 3.2.1 Maximum Allowable U-factors for Different Types of Walls and Roofs for
_ res1dentla> buildings
L . . ' ' ‘ e, R091?

' ngséngtiqn , h Uffiéféii ‘2" ' 911313.! Usf‘itctfin 9’

, ‘ ‘, Ma$1m A ‘ ' ’ Mass. 6)
very'ngn‘csns'ss‘engg E <‘l5‘0’(2'.4) ' V. 05‘0'1227"(0'.’04) ' <‘2E (1 2) 5 0.155 (0.027)
Light construction 50 - 220 5 0.369 (0.065) 25 — l 10 5 0.170 (0.03)
(2.4 - 10.8) (1.2 - 5.4)
Medium construction (3’ 221 — 440 g 0.483 (0.035) 111 — 220 5 0.199 (0.035)
(10.9 - 21.5) (5.5 - 10.8)
‘ Heavy construction > 440 (21.5) 5 0.454 (0.085) > 220 (10.8) 50.256 (0,045)“)
(1) Figures are given in kJ/m2.°C (Bt11/fi2.°F).
(2) Figures are given in W/mz.°c (Btu/h.112 °F).
(3) Walls built with 25--cm AAC wh1t9~k2€l$l§c§ are categorized as medium construction.
(4) Achievable using 10 cm-thiclfic'm 'M )naterial such as polyurethane, extruded
f)
polystyrene, or equivalent. V$\ a
3.2.1.2 White Areated Blocks
As a minimum requirement, building insulation shall achieve the U—factors stipulated in
Table 3.2.1. This can be achieved by using 25 cm-thick white aerated blocks with density of
S 500 kg/m3 and thermal conductivity k 5 6.4477 W/m.K (0.93 Btu.in/fi2.h.°F). Alternative,
this is achievable by using 20 cm thick aerated blocks and completely wrapping up the
building with 50m insulation material of thermal conductivity, k 5 0.025 W/m.K. If the k-
value is higher than the aforementioned value, the deficiency shall be compensated for by
increasing the thickness of the insulating material proportionately, (i.e. required thickness
(em) = 5 * k of the insulation material/0.025).

3.2.1.3 Fenestration
Glazing characteristics for windows and curtain walls used in residential buildings are given
in Table 3.2.2. All glazing shall have labels indicating their specifications and performance
characteristics.

Table 3.2.2 Glazing Specifications for Different Window-to-Wall Ratios (I)

Wiiidli'W—td-Wall GluingType Max. . Max.runner w W'wziaac
ratio 6%) ' ' _ shoe 3 (Btu/ft: hr “13“).
0‘; r5 ' . 6-mrn double-tinted ' 0.40 i ' 3.61 (o 64)
16 - 50 6-mm double-reflective 0.25 3.33 (0.59)
51 - 100 6—mm double-spectrally 0.22 2.0 (0.35)
selective“)

(l) U-factor include frame and glazing.

(2) As per ANSI/NFRC 100 @ 24 °C for the interior conditions and 48 °C for the exterior
conditions.

3.2.2 Infiltration Control

3.2.2.1 Building Envelope
In order to minimize air infiltration building envelope shall be made tight with no cracks or
open joints. Buildings using pre-cast concrete elements in their wall construction must have
joints permanently sealed with a durable seal through the whole depth of the joint.

3.2.2.2 Fenestration A _ f~ <. “1

7.2-3
All exterior windows, skylights and _ I Cg; ’0’} roperly sealed and weather-stripped to
limit infiltration. All cracks shall Ex“sfith$ulkmg or similar materials. Positive
pressure inside buildings shall be mainfamfidfikto”minimize air and dust infiltration. The air

<927 '
s...
———r'"
leakage through windows, skylights and sliding glass doors shall have an air infiltration rate
of no more than 0.3 cfm/ft2 (1.5 [ls/m2), and swinging doors no more than 0.5 cfin/fi2 (2.6
L/s/mz), when tested according to NFRC standards by an accredited and independent
laboratory.

3.2.2.3 Exhaust Fans

All exhaust fans shall have back-drafi dampers, which shall automatically close when fans
are not in use.

3.3 Minimum Required Energy Conservation Measures for Electrical Equipment

3.3.1 Maximum Power Rating of A/C Systems
The power rating of different types of NC systems and their components are given in Table
3.3.1.

Table 3.3.1 Maximum Allowable Power Rating for Different Types of NC Systems
(kW/RT)
System Type Capacity PR1 (kW/RI) (1)
(M).

Implementation Date ' 7 1/1/2019 1/1/2020 1/1/2022 1/1/2024

DX units without All 1.5 1.4 1.25 Start of
inverter compressor (2) ' Phase out

DX with inverter All 1.5 1.4 1.25 1.20

compressor ‘2) (1.10) (1.10) (1.0) (0.90)

Variable refrigerant All 1.35 1.20 1.15 1.10 (0.83)
flow (VRF) (2)“) (1.05) (0.90) (0.85)

Air-cooled chilled water All 1.60/2.00 1.40/1 .80 1.20/1.60 0.85/1 .25
system’ (3), (4)

Water-cooled chilled <250 0.85/1.40 080/135 075/13 070/125

water system (3" (4) 250—500 075/130 070/125 0.65/1.15 0.58/1.10
>500 0.70/l.25 0.65/1.20 0.60/1.10 0.58/1.05

(1) All power ratings are at DBT 48°C‘(1)i8;;3§1:3\(and WBT 269°C (80.5°F), except those in
brackets ( ) are at DBT 35°C (95°F) and‘waéjc (75.0°F).
(2) Approval of DX units (includin VRF‘fffihaliifi 215’per the requirements and conditions in
the form titled "Approval of NC DX Jfits‘l‘ giVerKiflAppendix A.
g
(3) Power rating does not include dedicated“ air units.
Y

28
(4) Chiller power ratings/total power rating.
Notes:
1. Rating for air-cooled and water-cooled chillers is based on the following parameters:
0 Water temperature at the chiller outlet is 6.67°C (44°F).
0 Temperature drop of chilled water across the evaporator is 5.56 °C (10 °F). However,
higher temperature differential may be used for loads exceeding 500 RT to reduce
pumping power while maintaining the above maximum kW/RT system rating.
0 Temperature drop of cooling water across the condenser is 5.56 °C (10 °F).
0 Fouling factors for the evaporator and condenser are 0.00025 (fi2.h.°F) /Btu (0.000044
(m2.°C)/W) and 0.00075 (fi2.h.°F)/Btu (0.000132 (m2.°C)/W), respectively.
0 Water pressure drop in the evaporator and condenser of chiller and AHU coil is 4.6 m
(15 fi)
2. Energy Efficiency Ratio (BER) = lZ/(kW/RT).

3.3.2 Efficiency and Power Factor for Electrical Motors and Lighting Fixtures
All inductive motors including those in NC systems shall have a power factor (PF) and
efficiency not less than the values given in Table 3.3.2. Discharge and LED lamps shall have
a minimum PF of 0.90.

WEI-‘3‘” ' Mifiéd‘ M0?”

-' ‘ 12F, : Emmy
, ; 6W
'sm'g'l'e’fi‘hi‘semg,having'ugdma"an'as‘o ' l 20.95. ‘ ..._ 253
Hz: All range
3-Phase motors, 415 Volts, 1500 rpm, 50 Hz: 2 0.95 290
>0.5 hp
Notes:

1. For equipment having more than one motor (e.g. A/C units), power factor is considered
for the entire CQuent and shall not bgéegthan 0.8.
/"\
3.3.3 Ventilation ~ I“, l’;‘%
Positive pressure inside buildings shall 135.d the air-handling system to minimize
air and dust infiltration. All air cokitidfifiépaegs shall have a minimum quantity of
J ~V' \
ventilation air that is the highest of the follfi‘gfiflues:

29
1. 0.250 ACH for pressurization + exhaust air from kitchens, toilets and other areas.
2. Recommended air quantity as given by the Ventilation Rate Procedure described in the
latest version of the ASHRAB 62.1 Standard (Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality).
This new procedure ensures that the design outdoor airflow required in the breathing zone of
the occupied space(s) is met by taking into account both the occupancy and floor area
simultaneously. The effectiveness of the air distribution system shall be determined
accordingly and used to obtain the final quantity of the required ventilation rate.
Note: In residential projects, intermittent exhaust diversity of 50% shall be used to minimize
outdoor air intake rate.

3.3.4 Thermostat Requirement

All thermostats (analog, digital) or sensors (individual or part of a BAS) shall not have a
temperature setting of less than 20°C.
4 CODE IMPLEMENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT
These regulations are applicable to heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) services
for comfort applications in all air conditioned buildings in the State of Kuwait.

4.1 Code Limits

'I'his'code of practice limits the following parameters
a) Maximum power density (W/mz) for internal lighting for various types of buildings.
b) Maximum power rating (kW/RT) for various types of NC equipment and systems.
0) Minimum power factor for certain equipment and appliances.
d) Maximum overall U-factors for walls, exposed floors, basement walls, beams and
columns, slab on grade and roofs.
e) Maximum allowable window-to-wall ratio for different types of glazing.

4.2 Code Criteria

This code of practice specifies criteria for the following:

4.2.1 The Consulting Office

a) Architectural desigl: The Consulting Office is responsible for ensuring the following:
1. The overall U-factor for building elements listed in Table 2.2.1 (for governmental and
commercial buildings), and Table 3.2.1 (for residential buildings) are within the maximum
permitted values.
2. The type of glazing used shall ensure the values specified in Table 2.2.2 and Table 3.2.2.
3. All exposed floors, columns and beams are insulated as specified in sections 2.2.1 and
3.2.2.
4. The consulting office shall compensate for any deviations in other building elements.
b) Electrical Desigiz The Consulting Office shall design the project according to and fiilly
complying with the following MEW regulations:
1. MEW/R-l, 4th Edition and amendments.
2. MEW Regulations No. MEW/R-2 and amendments.
3. MEW Regulations No. MEW/R-3.
4. MEW Regulations No. MEW/R—6.
c) HVAC Design It is the responmbrlrtyfiifthe Consulting Office to design the HVAC
system according to and in full compli ' M31“? regulation “MEW Energy Conservation
_e ‘yé regilations.
Code MEW/R-6/ 2018” and the relfi‘antxg

ungjg9<°

®
31 4
If these regulations cannot be fully complied with due to design constraints, the Consulting
Office shall submit a detailed proposal justifying the reasons for non-adherence to the code
for the prior approval of MEW before tendering the project.

4.3 Submittals to MEW

The Consulting Office shall submit the documents mentioned below to confirm that MEW’s
regulations are fully complied with, before commencement of any project and before
ordering any equipment. All documents and drawings shall be submitted by certified HVAC
and electrical engineers approved by MEW.

4.3.1 Architectural Submittals

The following architectural drawings approved by Kuwait Municipality, besides any
additional information requested by the MEW engineer, are required to be submitted:
a) Plan drawings
1. Type, thickness, weight and color of the building materials to be used for external
walls and cladding (where applicable).
2. Location and width of windows and glass doors and type of glazing including frame
and thermal brakes, and the window—to-wall ratios.
3. Location and thickness of wall cavity and type of insulation used, and its location in
the wall and method of application.
4. Internal wall building material to be used (or internal cladding where applicable).
5. Overall wall thickness.
b) Wall sections drawing
1. Type, thickness and color of external walls, and internal walls building materials (or
cladding where applicable).
Thickness of wall cavity.
9°>I9xsn+ws~>

Height of roof slab from finished floor level.

Height of false ceiling if any fi'om finished floor level.
Height of windows and glazed areas and their level from finished floor level.
Type, location and thickness of glazing to be used and its area
Overall thickness of wall. _ a?“
Thickness and type of building magand color of partition walls and cladding
(where applicable): 0)
9. Drop of beams from bottom ofii’pof sw/ '9.)
" 9:65» Q
G) 1/? ‘ —:‘é

32
4.3.2 HVAC Submittals
The following are the minimum submittals required for design and as-built stages. However
the Consulting Office/HVAC contractor shall submit any other additional information
requested by the MEW engineer. All documents and drawings shall be submitted by a
certified HVAC engineer approved by MEW. The HVAC drawings must include the
following:
1. All air-conditioned areas.
2. Type of NC system to be used (e.g. package or split system, evaporator is DX or
chilled water, condenser is air cooled, water cooled, or sea water cooled, fan coil
induction or variable systems, etc.)
Fresh air requirement (percentages fiom total air supply).
>19???”

Location of plants and equipment.

kW/RT for NC system and equipment.
W/m2 for the A/C system for the different types of areas used.
Schedule of all HVAC equipment (cooling and heating) showing the model number,
quantity, and total kW input for each equipment at Kuwait conditions.
Other documents shall include:
1. Catalogue pages or computer selection for the complete HVAC system.
2. Copy of the HVAC Contract between the HVAC Contractor and the Client.
3. Copy of Consultant Office Heat load calculations for applications where W/m2 is not
specified.
4. A letter of assurance from the HVAC Contractor stating that the HVAC equipment
mentioned in the contract documents and drawings shall be installed at site without
any deviation in model number and quantity.
4.4 Inspection of Building by MEW
During construction phase, as well as after completion of any building, but before power
connection, MEW reserves the right to inspect the building and carry out necessary field tests
using the latest technology to confirm compliance with the insulation and glazing
requirements. No power connection will be made if the tests reveal that the building is not
adequately insulated or the glazing used does not comply with the requirements, unless and
'2 ,
until necessary corrective measures as reco ‘; “naas by MEW are taken and the building is
1

re-inspected. All A/C equipment shall‘ co'rr . o/th;5 model numbers in the pre-approved
drawings by the Electrical InstallationemvEléati-ical Distribution Network Sector in
- I / 1°

MEW. ‘ a 9339

33
4.5 Role of Various Entities
Enforcement of the code is a key success for achieving its goals; and several governmental
authorities must play a role in it. Table 4.4 summarizes the responsibilities of various
governmental bodies in the enforcement of this code.

Table 4.4 Summary of the Role of Various Governmental Bodies in the Enforcement
of this Code
Warninémumnq stagnant?
Ministry of Electricity and . Approval of:‘ i
Water, Electrical Installation a) All DX units,
Dept, Electrical Distribution b) W/m2 calculations for NC and lighting,
Network Sector in MEW. 0) All HVAC and electrical drawings,
d) KW/RT for NC systems and equipment,
e) Certified Electrical Engineer,
Certified HVAC engineer,
g) Energy efficiency of HVAC equipment to be certified
by 3rd party internationally reputed testing agency,
h) Supporting evidence for installation of power factor
optimization device for individual inductive loads (for
governmental building only),
Other energy conservation measures mentioned in R-6.
U-factor calculations including short circuit paths.
Wall and roof thermal mass calculations,
Perform non-destructive site testing of buildings
(NDT) to confirm compliance with insulation and
glazing requirements.
MEW reserves the right to test randomly selected units
(one per model) in a reputable lab. at the agent’s /
manufacturer’s cost; or alternatively requests the
Mmanufacturer to supply such certificate.
t *M’l— «
Consulting Engineering Offices , gcfigg) It is the responsibility of the Consulting
@gWfiBe to design the HVAC system according to
31’!d3&3” compliance with regyhfioa‘‘MEW Energy

C12, git?
 Conservation Code of Practice MEW/R-6/ 2018”.
2. Check window-to-wall ratio on the elevation of each
orientation and glazing specifications to ensure compliance
with MEW regulations.
3. Inspection during construction of insulation materials and
glazing applications.
Ministry of Public Works/ Testing and certification of building materials including all
Kuwait Institute for Scientific insulation materials and systems.
Research
II

Appendix A
Approval of A/C DX Units
Testing Conditions
1. All DX A/C units (including inverter compressor and VRF types) shall be tested at
maximum indoor airflow and on-coil DBT 26.6 °C (80 °F) & WBT 19.4 °C (67 °F). The
power rating shall be as per Tables 2.3.1 and 3.3.1 above.
1. Units shall operate continuously at an ambient temperature of 52 °C (125.6 °F) for at least
two hours without tripping or overheating.
2. Power supply (50 Hz):

0 Three Phase : 415 V i 6 % (accepted range 376-440 V).

. Single Phase: 240 v i 6 % (accepted range 216-254 V).

3. Motor/Compressor input 2 3.75 kW shall be three phase.

Required Documents
1. Original test report (with two additional copies) dated within one year of submission date.
2. Valid Calibration Certificate of the testing facility from internationally reputable third
party at the date of testing.
3. Three original catalogues of the A/C unit to be approved, including specifications and
performance tables.
Testing Requirements
1. The tests shall be performed according to standard testing methods published by
ASHRAE, AHRI, UL or equivalent as per the above test conditions.
2. Test reports from Kuwait University Center of Engineering Laboratories are accepted
provided that these labs are fully calibrated and certified by an approved testing authority
such as ILAC at the time of the test.
3. Witness test by an independent testing authority at the manufacturer’s testing facility is
acceptable under certain conditions specified by MEW.
4. The test report shall include the compressor and total unit electrical input (kW) and the
gross cooling capacity (Btu/hr).
5. The test report shall include power rawW/RT), for which no allowance shall be
. . f)\\
given. \ ~g
Notes: v f - g/ ‘5
1. Data presented in the performaaabletall b9 btained from the test report and NOT
fi'om the catalogue. ‘9“?
O

36
.7

. No approval shall be considered for brand names. Approval shall be obtained for each
model separately.
. Any modification to improve the model efficiency shall render that model as a new
model and hence shall have a different model number and nameplate.
. Approval is valid for a period of three years starting from the date of issue or until the
validity of current MEW/R6 Code.
. MEW reserves the right to revoke its approval at any time during the approval period if
investigations reveal any deviation fiom submitted test results or catalogued data.
I"

Appendix B
Futuristic Outlook

In keeping up with technological advances and taking into account environmental concern
s,
MEW will mandate the following actions aimed towards the reductio
n of energy
consumption in buildings by at least 10% within the next two years fi‘om the
date of
implementation of this code:
a. All DX air conditioning units shall have inverter/multi-speed compressors,
b. Building envelop specifications shall be more stringent to reduce the building energy
consumption by at least 15%,
Government and commercial buildings shall be mandated to generate 15% and 10% of
their energy consumption, respectively, using available renewable energy technologies,
Part load efficiency (SEER, IPLV, etc.) shall be incorporated for inverter/multi-speed
DX units, VRF and chiller systems.