VocabularyoftheKiowaLanguage 10858663

SMITHSO N IAN IN STIT UTIO N
BUREAU OF AMERI CAN ET HNOL O GY

BUL LE T IN 84
V O CA B UL A RY OF
THE KIOWA L A NGUA GE
?
Y
k
?
Q
JO HN P HARRI N GTON
.
UN I TE D S TA TE S
V
GO E RN M E NT PRI N TIN G O FFI C E
W ASHIN GTO N
1 928
V
A D D IT I ON A L C O PI E S
O F THIS P UBLICA TIO N MAY B E PROCURE D FR OM
TH E S U E RIN E ND E N
P
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T T o r D OCU M E N TS
U 8 GO V E RN ME N T PRIN TIN
. . G O FFIC E
W A SHIN G TO N , D . 0
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AT
75 C E N T S P E R C O PY
L E TT E R O F T RAN SM I TT AL
S MI T H S O N IA N
I N S T I TU T I O N
,
B URE AU O F AME RI CAN E TH N O LOGY

,
Washington, D a , S ep tem ber

”
1924. .
SI R : I have the h o no r to submi t the a cc ompanying ma n us c ript ,

entitled V o c abul ary of the Kiowa L anguage , by John P H arring
“
.
t o n, to rec ommen d its public atio n subj e c t to your approval

an d , ,
as a bulletin of this B ur eau .
Respe c tfully ,
J WALTE R F E W K E S .
,
Chief .
Dr . CHARL E S D WALC O TT
.
,
S ecre tary f
o the S mithsonian I nstitution .
C O N T E NT S
Ph o ne t ic s
1 . Ge ne ral re m ark s
2- 9 .Vo we ls
2 Vo we ls a n d dip h t h o n g s
.
3 V o we l le n gt h
.
4 Glo t t ali z at io n o f v o w e ls a n d dip h t h o n g s

.
5 N asali z at io n Of v o we ls an d dip h t h o n g s
.
6 Vo we l m ut at io ns
.
7 V o we l sa n dhi
.
8 V o w e l inse rt io n b e t wee n h e t e ro -o rga nic n a s als

.
9 Pit c h a cce nt
.
10
—16 C o n s o n a n ts
.
1 0 Se m i v o w e ls
. _ _
1 1 Clusiv e s a n d afi ricat ive s

'
12 . F ricat iv e s ..
13 . N asals _ _
14 . Co n so n ant al st ru ct ure o f s y lla b le s _ _
15 . g
Re t ro re ssio n o f lary n e als g _ _
16 . Hard a n d s o ft f o rm s o f c o ns o nant s
Kio wa-E nglis h v o cabulary
Alp ha b e t ic o rde r
A bb re v iat io ns
E x planat io n o f t h e e nt ry f o rm o f no un s
Class e s o f no u ns _
E x planat io n of the en r tyf o rm o f v e rb s

Vo cab ul ary -L
E ngli sh —Kio w a re fe re n ce s
App e n dix A P ro no un t a ble s
.
I Subj e ct iv e se rie s
.
II Transit iv e se rie s
.
II I Re fle xiv e se rie s
.
I V Su bj e ct iv e -
. re f e re nt ial s e rie s
V Transit iv e -re fe re nt ial se rie s

.
VI Re fle xiv e -re fe re ntial se rie s

.
App e n dix B Te xt : Th e Udd e r-

. An gry T ra v e le rs O ff , t ol d by D e lo s
L o ne wo lf
I L L US T RA T I O N
F I GUR E 1 .
—T h e Kio w a ph o ne m s
V O CABULARY OF THE KI OWA L AN GUAGE
By JO HN P H AR R I N GT ON
.
I N TROD UCT I O N
The present paper is a rec o nn ai ssanc e report o n the language of
the Koce guoc or K iowa Indians a small and dis tinc t tribe which
, ,
his tory tra c es from an origin al habitat in what is no w western M o n

tan a to their presen t ho m e about An adarko Okla I t is based o n ,
.
field work d on e in 1 9 1 8 at An ad arko and t h e willing informan ts ,
who were foun d in Mr E n o c h Smoky and Mr P aul M cKe n z ie

.
1
.
made it pos sible to gather more material during the time devote d to
this language than would otherwise have been the c a s e I fo un d .
what seemed a more than us ual amount of in telligen t in terest o n the

part of the K iowas in the writing of their language and it is with ,
K iowa speakers in mind that the orthography of the presen t v o c ab u

lary has been shaped The writing O f s u ch a language is d iffic ult at
.
best and c an n o t be sim plified beyo nd a c ertain poin t without omit

,
tin g e ssen tial featu res o f pro n un c iatio n An outlin e of the pho n etic s .
,
pro n oun tables and a brief text have been in cluded as well as Tan oan
, ,
etymologies taken from the Tewa dialec t spoken at San Juan Pueblo
n ear San ta F e N ew Mexi c o The writer also has in preparatio n a
,
.
paper showin g the surpris ingly smaller n umber of stru c tural and
lexi c al res em blanc es which A ztec shares with these languages yet ,
some of these resemblanc es striking and appearin g to o n e who has ,
developed a sp rach ge fiih l as features inherited from un ity in the

remote past .
In additio n to the prin c ipal inform an ts Mr Delos L o n ewolf ,

.
,
adopted so n of the fa m o u s K iowa chief L o newolf Mrs L au ra D , , . .
Pedrick sister of the presen t hea d chief O f the K iowa and Mr James
, ,
.
W aldo also ren dered val u able assistanc e I wish also to a c kn owledge .
m y indebted n e ss to Superin ten den t C V S t inch e c u m of the K iowa . .

,
1 Mr . Sm ok yw as an e nt hu is ast ic info rm ant . H e w oul w ork d unt il l at e at ni gh t , runnin g up th h e ours
and h
t us incre asin g hi ning
s e ar s. H e p ut t h e y
m one int o fix in g up h i ps car re p arat or yt o a h
t rip t o t os e
ot h er Kiow as in N e w M e xico k nown as t h e T aos . He wo ul d d i t t it t in g

c a e s , st a nd ing p , ing nd ly in g
ac , a
on h is cot .
2 BU RE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY 13 m . 84
Indian Agency who took the kin dest interest in the work and assiste d
,
it in many ways ; to Mrs G eorge L aird ; and to Mr F W H odge for . . . .

,
mer ethn ologist in c harge and Dr J W alter F e wk e s present C hief ,

. .
,
of the B ureau of A meric an E thnology for a c tive and sympathetic ,
in terest in the lo n g-looked -forward -to proj ec t of makin g an e x am i

n atio n of the lan guage of the K iowa .
P H O N E T I CS
1 . G E N E RAL RE MA RK S
Six vowel qualities an d twen ty-two c o nso n an ts are foun d in

K iowa (see the mouth -map fig The K iowa system is very ,
.
n ormal in that its soun ds are al so foun d in n eighborin g sto c k s ; it
c o n tain s n o soun ds as pe c ul iar for the regio n as for in stan c e O maha ,
b 6 or the K iowa Apa che laterals The vowels o c c ur unn as aliz e d .
an d n asalized the voic eless clusw e s have also glottaliz ed an d

,
aspirated varieties As o n e of the strikin g features of the phon etic s

.
w e might poin t out n o t the o c c urre n c e of an un usual soun d but the

lac k of w (s e e § 1 0) an d of v .
2 9 —
. V OWE L S
2 . V O WE LS A ND DI P H TH O N G S
K iowa has two a soun ds : oc as in E ng wa ter an d H as in Eng
— .
, .
land both short of c ourse in K iowa unl es s marked lon g Frequen tly
, , , .
the less extreme p o sitio ns in F r ba san e (b o zan) sheepskin are .

, ,
heard In loanwords En g 0c is Kio oc; Eng H is K io H ; thus

.
, . . . .
ocdl ocm o ub i l automobile ; k H p c ap In Tewa the soun d of (1

’ ‘
, , .
o cc urs as in E ngl fa ther the artic ulatory position of which lies

, .
,
perhaps midway between oc and H .
o n e i are false diphtho n gs pro n oun c ed as in E ng s o ul e ight an d

, ,
.
, ,
c an also be writte n ow e y When ou e i o c c ur as the fin al elemen t

, .
,
of true diphtho ngs (see below ) their spellin g h as been redu ced to
o e but the fin al w or y is retain ed in the pron unc iation an d c an
, ,
be p re glo t t aliz e d or pre aspirat e d ; e g k ue y wolf written kue ; . .

’
, ,
’
’
o u s e it H eh y o u dl to kill by c hokin g for o us e it H e-h o udl Kio ou
’
, ,
’ ’
. .
,
e i regularly represen t E ng ou e i in loanwords Kio ou ci are .

,
. .
,
probably also the regul ar represen tatives of Eng u i although .

, ,
some examples show Kio iH for E ng 1 Thus t o ub e it se i two . . .

‘
bits ; t se idle i Chile (but o< dlocm o ub i l automobil e as given above )

,
’
, ,
.
u i o c c ur o nly as first elemen t O f the diphtho ngs u oc u e iH The

, , ,
.
se c o n d elemen t of the diphthongs uoc in is frequen tly elided ; thu s ,
g u ( oc) d l to be ,
red ; k i (ae ) dl to dwell E xa m ples also o c c ur of ,
.
the elision of the sec o n d elemen t of the diphtho ng iH in word auslaut

b e fore H thus b H gi(H ) II
’
they must be staying somewhere ;
’ ’ ’
g r am mes] VOCABULARY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 3
d Q unn e , I smelled somethin g rotten

II - u , apparen tly
’ ‘
b ougi(H ) .
without a foll owing diphthong elemen t , o c c urs in cgm h y u m -d e i, right

’
- ’
(dexter) but the form is probably c on trac ted from cgm

,
*’
dei (see p I t sho ul d be n oti c ed that while iH begins a few

.
’
words u a or ue has n o t been foun d as an initial syllable

,
’ ’
.
Th e t rue diph t ho ngs as t hey m ay b e t ermed to distin guish them,

,
from the diphthongized vowels ou e i have been listed as follows

, ,
.
Glo t t aliz e d fo rm s wi th the glottal elusive fallin g betwee n the two

, ,
elemen ts have been in cluded in the list E xamples have been

, .
foun d o nly for part of the possibly o cc urrin g diphthongs .

4 B URE A U OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY (am . 34
(1 ) oce : k oce skin ‘

,
.
oc e : t oe t oc e my father
’ ’ ’
.
,
oge : otter .
(2 ) c ue :poue prohibitive particle , .
ou e : tou e room
’ ’
, .
one : b Q ue tran spare n t ,

.
’
Qu e :
(3 ) u oc: h ogn
’
éi you will no t hit me .
u oc:
’
h ogn
’
éi you will no t hi t me .
130
5
’
u os
(4 ) ne z k
‘
ue p
‘
H, wagon .
’
u e
h
na: form
- of - h iH re al
y ne, t pl .
, .
ue : t o u
’
b yu e c amp -c ir c le
’
, .
(5 ) H e : ky H t H e kiH c hief , .
H e z
’
udder .
He : t ge to be white r ,
.
H e : o use it H eh y o udl to kil l by chok ing

’ ’ ’
.
,
(6 ) iH : fin y H to throw , .
iH:
’
to move O ff fly away , .
iH: fish
he died
’
i H: h i Hn
’
”
.
,
The loanword form t H ocn-n in town shows a diphthong d iffere nt ‘

, ,
from any listed above imitating Eng ow as pro n oun ced in the ,
.
“
Southern States .
oue soun d s dissyllabic in c ertain forms ; e g ou—e i-dei that o ne .

“
.
’
, .
Glide are developed in the diphtho ngs uoc iH respec tively ;

W
,
Y
,
e g g u ( ) a d l to be red ; ki ( ) H d l to dwell as e g in Rus s ian pri

. .
W
,
Y
, , ,
. .
,
yé t ix n ear these for pri é t ix

, In the glottal ized form s of u oc in the
, .
,
glottal clusiv e falls before the glide ; e g m an . . .
F or iH equal to y H in syllable inl aut se e 1 0 .
V O W E L L E N G TH § 3 .
L o ng cc H largely re c orded as glottalized have their length in di

, , ,
c at e d by the ma c ro n ; e g p H g oc o n e Short glottalized open fin al ’

. . .
,
0c H somet imes soun ded len gthe n ed before a following word ; e

,
g . .
tou-y oc I-ta tou-y oz II -t a I c ame from the house

’ ’ ‘
r ,
’ ’ ‘
, .
E xamples of rhetoric al len gthe n ing were obtain ed an d may be

indic ated by placin g a c olo n after the overlen gthen ed soun d ; e g . .
t a d e i h ein d ocm e i g oc s ot t h H : o ue En y H t a h e id l I heard that

’ ’ ’ ’
m m m o n] V OCAB ULAR Y OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 5
he was away for a long time and that he c ame bac k way afterward ;
way over there equals o :uh iH ,
’
.
F orms of ou ci in no n-fin al syllables in whic h the sec o n d elemen t

,
of the diphtho ng was heard with pro m inen c e have been written by
plac ing a period between the two elemen ts ; thus n -bo u -b oun m og I .
,
s e e him all the time .
§ 4 GL O T TAL I ZATI O N O F V o w E L s A N D D I P H TH O N G S
.
(a ) C in n arrow tr ans c riptio n have a resumed frag

’ ’
c H , ,
men t of t h e pre c edin g vowel quality after the glottal elusive as if ,
the vowel had been doubled B oth short and long glottalized forms .
of these two vowels were rec orded Thus b ot d loc butter (fr .
’ ’
, .
li oc n
’
I am goin g to sharpen my knife ; II break ’ ‘
it in two (the Ey H dl e i to c all summ on ; k og m to c all

’
, ,
‘ ’
, ,
n am e .
(b) In the false diphtho n gs ou e i the glottal clusiv e falls before

’ ’
, ,
the u i respec tively yielding what in n arrow t ransc ription woul d be

, ,
writt en e or O e Thus dou to hold have ; h o udl d H

’1
,
’W
,
’Y
.
’
, ,
n t I am going to put o n my c oat ; d ou m down ; t oun e i ’

,
’
,
he said ; Z H e d e i b -p ei n let us butcher half ! II

’ ’
,
(0) In the true diphtho ngs a glottal elusive appears to f all betwee n ,
the two c on stituen t elemen ts of the diphtho ng This glottal clusiv e .
appears to be (1 ) the in itial of the etym ologic al elemen t formin g the

se c on d part o i the diphtho ng ; e g in su ch a form as t ec t oc e m y . .
’ ’
,
father our father ; or (2 ) a glo t t al h ard e ning ; as in -h i H real whic h

'
’
, , ,
altern ates for re ason s no t yet disc overed with an un glo t t aliz e d form ,
-
h iH .
F or derived from syllabic ally fin al t p after vowels and diph ,
thongs see 1 1 , .
§ 5 N A SALI ZA TI O N O F VO WE L S A N D D I P H TH O N G S
.
N asalizatio n is indi c ated by pla cin g the Polish hook be neath

letters .
The n asalizatio n of many syllables is induc ed by that of c on tiguous

syllables ; thus p o st po und -RlH m an but in dependen t Ey H-h i H m an , ,
’
, ,
for ky H-h I H d qc-m og was n o t for d oc-m og

’ ’ ’
, ,
’ ’
.
§ 6 VO WE L MU TA T IO N S .
F requen tly obse rved vowel mutatio n s are : ou u oc e i ,
Thus goup to hi t g u ocd oc fut

, h ei m t o die h i Hh e idl , .
’
,
’
,
in ferential .
§ 7 V O WE L SA N D H I .
(1) E L I S I O N or V O WE L S
The followin g elis ions have been n oted

(a ) E lisio n of S ec o n d e le m e n t of iH in W ord auslaut before ’
H
(see
6 BU RE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY am
r . 84
(b ) E lisio n
of initial glottal clusiv e an d vowel or diphtho ng of
c ertain verbal prefixed pro n ou n s ; e g t they
’
. . H m
traveled o ff somewhere for t H é im ,
’ ’
(2) A S S I MIL A TI O N AND EL ISI ON O F V o wE L s
C lear examples were obtained of the assimilation of the vowels of

g oc an d n eg both meaning an d to the quality of the first syllable O f
, ,
following h e ig oc then Thus p H t a pp H dl h o u dlh e idl g e ig oc p einh e idl

,
.
’ ‘
,
he kill ed a buffalo bull and butc hered it for g oc h e ig oc; H-h o udl d oc ,
’ ’
if you kill him they ll get you for g oc h e ig oc;

’
g e i h e ig oc m , ,
n e ig oc an d then frequen t for n o; h e ig oc; s at t a n ei cim -ts ou ’

, ,
-k u oct he c ame here j ust n o w an d wen t out this way for 11 0

ei
’ ‘
m , 5 ,
’
m -tsou
ei .
§ V O W8E L.I N S E R T I O N B E T W E E N H E TE R O -O R GA N I C N A SAL S
A short vowel w as heard inserted between 11 an d m in b oun (ogm a ,
c urs of b ou t o Se e ; a (H) m H c ur s of b H to go The in serted

.
, , .
, .
vowel exhibits harmo n y with the other vowels of the word .
§ 9 . P I T CH A CC E N T
The wr iter has in progress an d Well advan c ed a study of the K iowa
pitc h ac c en t In the presen t vo c abul ary o nly hi gh and low pitch of
. .
the verbal prefixed pro n oun s is in dic ated and has been written by
placin g the ac ute over hi gh t h e grave over low syllables , .
—
16 . C O N S O N AN T S
§ 1 0 S E MI V O WE L S
.
E x c eptas sec o n d elemen t of the diphthon g o n and as a glide in

the diphthongs u oc and ue w does no t o c c ur in Kiowa Regressio n , .
of initial h of a followin g syllable to pre c ede the se c ond elemen t

of o n was no t n oted Glide is pre ceded by in the glottaliz ed
.
W
diphthon g u ( ) oc ’ W
In additio n to its o cc ur renc e as se c o n d eleme n t of the diphtho n g

e i an d as a glide in the diphtho ng iH y is foun d at the beginn in g of ,
syllables both alo ne an d prec eded by certain c on so n an ts y is

,
.
,
therefore the o nly soun d with exceptio n of s in the affri c ative t s

, , ,
which makes syllabic ally initial c onso n an tal clusters (unl ess the
glo ttaliz ation and aspiratio n of clusiv e s is to be regarded as forming
'
su ch clusters ) Syll abic ally initial y and y -clusters together with

.
,
vowel or diphthong following are listed below Some of the forms , .
are produ c ed by the retrogressio n of initial h of the following

syllable to pre c ede the sec on d elemen t of the diphthong ci .
an d are so a n alyzed in the list Glide is also prec eded by in the .

y
glottali zed diphthong i ( ) oc N asaliz e d and glottali z ed vowels

’
y
g r am m es] VOCABULARY OF K I OWA LANGUAGE 7
a nd diphtho ngs have bee n grouped with unn as aliz e d a nd ung lo t
t a liz e d to simplify the list .
(1 ) y
y oc: y ogm g oc, to tremble .
y u z yuh in terj Of fright,

. .
y H : yé (varying with y iH verbal prefixed pron they .

, t pl .
in an c oll .for me . .
y H e : y H e b H to go to play , .
y iH : y iH two , .
’
(2 ) y
’
y o u: c y o ug uoc e i, ric e for
’
,
’
ei
’
yue : ’
y ue , t pl c hi .ldren .
’Y
H: to blossom .
hy
h y oc: k u e h y oc , to drag , for k ue h oc
-
‘ ’ ‘ ’
.
h y o u : Et y o up , t pl m e n . .
h yu : ogm h y u m d e i, right (dexter )

’ ’
.
h yu e : t e ih y u e, sin ew
’
.
h y H : h y H , in terj used in c allin g to a person . .
hyei: é i m y father died , for é i t ot t oc e h ei m

— -
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
h y iH : eim
’
I am goin g to acc ompan y you , .
-
ei
’ ‘
m t He
(4 ) ky
ky H : ky Hb o u dliH , sheep .
ky H e : ky H e d oc, e n emy .
k yu e : ky ne, t pl lo ng o n es . .
(5 ) Ey
liyou : fiy o up , lio up , kn ob , mountain .
Ey H , EiH : -ky H , m an .
(6 ) k
‘
y
k yu e : k yn e , s hi eld
‘ ‘ ’
.
k y H , k iH : k d l-d oc,
‘ ‘ ‘
- to be wet .
(7 ) gy
n , giH : gy rI
‘
giH verbal prefixed pronoun I ,
(8 ) sy
sy oc: sy ognd e i, a little .
syH , siH : sy nn t o be small ,

.
(9 ) nx
ny H , ni H : ni Hny H , two by two .
(10
) py
py H , p iH :
’
cc
’
t pl . fishes .
( ) by
11
by ue : t o ub yue,
’
c amp ir cle -c .
8 BU E R AU OF AME RI CAN ET H NOLO GY
‘
am . 34
varies with y H in the pron un c iatio n of y iH VH

y iH pre
fixed pro noun an d in several other forms y iH also may appear as
,
.
y i with
,
regular elisio n of the I I of the iH diphtho n g e g y i (H) . ;
k ot d o uk iH t w o hun dred
’ ‘
.
,
you w as heard after clus iv e s of the k-group in c ertain words but

an altern ative pro n un c iatio n omits the y ; t hus Ey o up Eo up kn ob , , ,
moun tain .
After syllabic ally in itial k 12 k g the vowel H appears o nl y as

‘
, , ,
y H pra c ti c ally a m ou n ti n g to palatalizatio n of the pre c edin g dorsal ,
varying with iH ; e g -ky H -fiiH m an SO apparen tly al so after . .

, ,
.
n for H appears after 11 in the re c orded material o nl y in the loan

,
word N H t o u-RiH N avaho m an whereas elsewhere we have y H , , ,
iH B ut after syllabic ally in itial 3 s imple H o c c urs as well as y H

.
varying with in ; e g S H dl to be hot beside sa s inn small The . .

, , , ,
.
long c orrespo nden t of this y H or iH is y H ; e g sy Hd a t pl small ’

. .
’
, .
o n es (an ) The glottalized fo rm of y H iH has been wr itten i H

.
,
’
.
Wh en a vowel or diphtho ng forming a s yllable with y is n as al ized ,
the y of c ourse shares the n asalization .
§11 . CL U SI V E S AND A FFRI CAT IVE S '
The glottal elusive or hard attack written b y the apostrophe , ,
regularly in troduc es words no t beginn ing with any other c on son an t .
B ut in word inl aut elemen ts are foun d both wi th an d without initial ’

,
e g s oc-e to be swift [soc-= Te wc1 e d t o be swift ; -e i formative

. .
’
, ,
’
,
elemen t with in itial but soc-e to seat [s oc as in Tewa s 6—ge to seat ; ,

‘
-c i c au s ative p o s t fix here with in itial

, absen t o r elided] , .
at the beginn in g of a word or syllable does no t have a glottaliz ing

effec t o n the t dl or p closin g a pre c eding syllable but is slurred out
, ,
.
The elisio n of the may be in dic ated by writing ben eath the apos
t ro p h e an in ferior breve the sign of elisio n or by omittin g the apo s , ,
t ro ph e Thus O u kOCt
. pole mattress no t ’
t o udl-
’
j og , ,
to be savory ; é i-t out H e n eg qck adl d l n ’

when he ‘ ’ ’
spoke to me I spoke to him Some medi al an d fin al syllables of

, .
words o c c ur n owhere in the material O btai n ed in su c h position as ,
to show the ini tial e g the se c o nd syllable of H dl -g oc 8 wil d . .

’
, .
plum fruit ; thi s amoun ts to dl openin g syllables in word inl aut .
In word inl aut after 11 m syllabi c ally in itial regularly has a , ,
glottalizin g eff e c t tending to fall before the n as al (se e, B ut

c ertain other syllables in su c h positio n are without initial e g . .
- oc in g ou m-
’
og in the ba c k
’
, .
The glottal elusive also o ccurs largely as a glo t t aliz e r of vowels

an d diphtho ngs ; an d as simul ta n eous element of the glott al ized
2 t IS p the ope ning of the glottis c omin g after the s in

c lus iv e s 1 , , , ,
the glottalized aff ric ative .

-
V OCABULARY KI OWA LA N GUA GE 9
'
m a xaw ] or
k t ts p are without following aspiration and soun d exac tly the

, , , ,
sam e as the un aspirated unvoic ed lenis g d d s b in Man darin , , , ,
C hin ese kou dog ; t in top ; t S Gi-li in side ; Pei-t e n) Peking

, , , , .
k t t S p are simul tan eously glo ttalized and are therefore writte n
, , , ,
by the very suggestive and c orre c t devic e of tipp ing the apostrophe ,
the symbol for the laryn geal elusive bac k over the symbols re pre ,
sen ting the bucc al closure Kiowa shares these soun ds with many .
s urroun din g lan guages The buc c al release prec edes the laryn geal .
,
thus produc in g a c lic k like that of suddenly openin g a c hamber

of partial vac uum like the so un d of pulling a c ork from a bottle , ,
the buc c al c o nson an t retain ing of c ourse its chara c teristi c re s o

n an ce In glottalized ES t h e laryngeal ope nin g c omes after the s
.
,
n o t betwee n the t an d the s .
Like the soun ds of the glottaliz ed series just dis c ussed those of ,
the aspira ted series k t p are also im mersed n o t in a glottal ,

‘
,
‘
,
‘
,
elusive but in an asp iration They are exac tly the soun ds of M an .
darin k dn to see ; t Ou head ; p o am b er ; or to give more familiar

‘
,
‘
,
‘
, ,
examples of I rish-E nglish K-hate T-him P-hat (adoptin g Mr

, , , ,
.
Dooley s o rt h o graph y l) E nglish k t p are taken as being of this

’
.
, ,
series in loanwords e g k ogm e is e i c ommissioner (fr E ng ) The ,

. .
‘
, . .
c orrespo n ding aspirated form of ts was n o t foun d The spellin g .
k e t c in stead of kh w as ad o pt e d to avoid c o nfiISio n with the

'
‘
, ,
.
,
heterosyllabic kh e t c resulting from j ux taposition Of syllables in ,

.
, ,
e g oct h H d oc to cry wail i e oct —h H d oc

. .
’ ’
, , ,
. .
’ ’
.
2
g d b are pronoun c ed as in E nglish They vary with the un as

, ,
.
pirated sur d series The presen t vo c abul ary also varies g d b , ,
s o m ewhat irregul arly with k t p in word inl aut , , .
dl is the c oun terpart of the r or 1 of othe r languages an d is derived

from t with whic h it altern ates,
O nly t p h (ii 11 In an d t p dl n m pre c eded by c an

, , , , , , ,
close syllables (see Glottalized an d aspirated series of bu c c al

e llisiv e s do n o t o cc ur as syllable c losers t p in syllable an d word .
,
-
auslaut are lit tle aspirated and unp ro m in e nt e g the p in Eo up ,

. .
,
kn ob moun tain t p whe n followed by ini tial buc c al elusive

,
.
, _
.
fric ati v e voi c eless affric ative or n asal (i e by k I k g t t t

, , . .
,
E,
‘
, , , ,
‘
,
d s z ts isf n p p p b m ) of a followin g syllable or word are

‘
‘
, , , , , , , , , ,
c ha nged to an d have been wri tten t p Thus in kp t oc old m an ‘

, .
, ,
the lips do no t close for the p t may represen t t or (ll of ordinary .
syllabic auslaut F in al t of the verbal prefixed pron o un s w as also .
clearly observed to un dergo c ha n ge to before in itial of the next

syllable (see ex amples given b elow ) A c ouple of in stan c es are .
not ed below of t be comin g in absolute auslaut And t seems to .
The same reaso n that led to the dis tin guishmen t of double
2
looped an d unlooped h in the writi ng of H in dust ani .

1 0 B UR E A U OF AME RICAN ET HN OLO GY [ Em a
d isappear bef ore fin al p e g in tou p stic k for tou-t -p ; e p t o u-dl ,

. .
-
, ,
*
.
,
d pl The glottal elusive derived from syllabic ally fin al t p c oming

.
, ,
as it does after a vowel gives the effe c t of a glottalized vowel and , ,
some of the glottalized vowels re c orded in the pres en t vo c abulary

are O f this origin The c hange was observe d both within words
.
an d betwee n words E xamples follow . .
(a ) Within words :
o< dl
’
head -hair head : oc s c alp written oct
,
’ ’
,
’
t verbal pro n oun : t So u b H-b ou you saw the t pl ston es ’

, .
,
written { S ou b II t-b ou ‘
.
goup plan t : gou -t oub oc stem written gou p -t oub oc

,
’ ‘
, ,
'
.
a bird sp written t oa-iH y H t .

,
’ ’
.
n t verbal pro n oun : h oc n -

Q up e idl d o u d ei yes ’
,
’ ’ ’
,
I like to gamble written n t ,
(b ) B etween words :
t S H t door : t S H b é i c lose the door ! wri tten t s H t b ei
’
,
heit hortatory particle ; t

, verbal pro n oun : hei b H ’ ’
you fix it up again ! written heit t heit t -oce ’
k o un p body : k oun b ou I s aw his body wri tten

n ein-
‘ ‘ ’
, , ,
-
k o uk p e i b ou
‘
n n .
(e ) In absolute auslaut
-H t -b H temple a n at : =
‘
)
’ ‘
p oc ( , p oc .
t H t -n
‘
several severed : t H to sever several
,
‘ ’
,
.
12 . FR I CAT I VE S
h in some forms appears as an altern atio n of k t ‘
,
‘
h o c c urs as a syllabic ally fin al asp iratio n in some interjec tions ,
e g y uh interj of fright
. .
, . .
z in terc hanges wi th ts no t with s ,
13 . N A SA L s
The n asals are n and m 13 does no t o ccur P alatali zed n is . .
approximated in suc h a word as niHny H two by two , .
In c ertain forms a n asal disappears b efore a elusive The examples .
show lengthe ning and glottalizatio n of t h e pre c eding vowel Thus .
c d oc hand d pl m ogn han ds ; c arpe n ter s plan e from

’ ’
, ,
.
, ,
*’ ’
-
H t oge og m -b oc
’ ’
.
C O N S O N AN TAL STRUC TUR E O F SYLLA B LE S

14 .
A syllable c an be ope ned (a ) by any c o nso n a n t ex c ept (11 (for dl

openin g s yllables in word inl aut see 1 1 ) (b) by the groups t s ES , , ,
an d by groups wi th y as se c o n d elemen t (s e e
A syllable c an be closed by t p h (o nl y in c ertain inte rj ec tio ns ) , , ,
(ll 11 m ; al so by t p dl n m
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, , , , , , .
12 B U RE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY 13 m . 34
varies with t in t H -t to sever o n e t H to sever several ; an d

t
‘
, ,
‘ ’
,
with t an d h in t H -dou o ne is erec t t H -dou s everal are erec t

‘ ‘
’ ’
,
‘ ’ ’
, ,
h H to sta n d up (the t h change as in sec tio n d above )

’ ‘
.
,
KI O WA -E N GL I SH V O C AB UL A RY
The alphabetic order is a n 05 G; H H H H b d ci e i g h iH i k k t
m n ou on p p p s t t t ts IS y z The glottal elusive is assign ed n o

‘ ‘
.
,
positio n as a letter but vowels followed by glottal hardening are , ,
given a positio n after vowels without suc h harden ing .
The following abbreviatio ns have been u s ed :

ad j a dj e ct iv e . Kio Kio wa .
ad v a d v e rb . lit lit e rally .
an . m aj a nim at e m aj o r . mg “ m e anin g .
an . m in a nim at e m in o r .
Ob
j o bj e ct iv e .
an s a ns w e r . O pp _ o pp o sit e .
app a pp a re nt l y .
p le n pla ce nam e .
ch care ull f y h e ard . p o ss p o sse ssive .
c o ll co lle ct iv e . p o st f p o st fix .
Co m C o m a n ch e .
p o st p p o st p o sit io n .
co m p co m p o s it io n . p f re p fixre .
co m p d co m p o u n d . p h ro p hibit iv
ro e .
c o m pl co m p o sit io nal . p n ro p ro no u n .
ep co m p are .
p rp d p re p o u nd .
ct co nt ra st .
p rs n p e rs o nal n a m e .
c urs c ursi e v .
p sp d p o st p o u n d .
d ual .
pt c p art iciple .
de fe ct iv e . p un t c p un ct ual .
de m o nst rat iv e . re fl re fl e xiv e .
d uo p lural re f e rrin g t o t w o ,
re e rf f
re e re nt ial .
or m o re . 8 sin gul ar .
E ng _ E ng lis h . sb j su bj e ct iv e .
e sp es p e ciall y . s b o rd s u b o rd ina t iv e .
cv e v id e nt ly . so sin g ular O bj e ct .
fr fro m . sp s p e c ie s .
Fr Fre nc h . spl s in g ular an d plu ral , re
gd g d
e ru n . fe rrin g t o o ne or m o re .
gd v ge ru n div e . s in g ular s u bj e ct .
h o rt ho rt at iv e . st at ic .
im m im m e d ia t ive . t riplu ral , re e rrin f g t th o re e
im p im p e rat iv e . or m o re .
inf info rm a n t . t rip lu ral o bj e ct .
inf e r _ inf e re nt ial . t riplural s u bj e ct .
inf n inf o rm at io n . t ran s it iv e .
ina n . c o ll ina nim a t e c o lle ct iv e . t rib e na m e .
int e rr int e rro at iv e g . v o lunt e e re d .
int r int ra nsit iv e . wit h .
All refere nc es to Moo ney are to his C ale n dar H istory Ofthe K iowa
I nd ians , Seven tee n th Annual Report of the B ureau of Americ an
E th nology , 1 89 8 .
The en try form for n ouns is always the sin gul ar The n oun s fall .
acc ordin g to gender an d plural formatio n in to seven clas ses whic h ,
are sho wn in the following table together with the forms of the
n am aw m VOCABULA RY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 13
verbal prefixed pers o n al pronoun whic h wo ul d be used with the singu

lar dual an d t riplural n umber of n oun s of eac h class v iz (a ) transi
, , , .
tive series first perso n singular subj e c t

,
third pers on O bj ec t in
apposition with singular dual an d t rip lural of the n oun (b ) subj ee
, , ,
tive (in transitive ) series third person subj ec t in appositio n with

,
s in g ul ar
, dual an d t riplural of the noun The verbal pro n oun s
,
.
used with a n oun were foun d to be a c o nvenien t means for d e t e rm in

in g the class to whi c h a n o un belon gs An imate maj or ge n der refers
.
to adul t members of the Kiowa tribe an d is assign ed also to c ertain

other n oun s Animate min or gen der refers to adult members of
.
other tribes doll s lower animals man y body parts e t c As regards

, , , , .
the in an im ate de clensio ns n o helpful rules for remembering the

,
gen der class have been determin ed .

14 BURE AU OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY [ BULL 84
6 U 6
E 8 E E
O 0 G m
S a-
A
S U A
s a y a
l I
.
I m
-
A
h
b h
H e
a H
a a
fl s s
A
HARRIN T O N ] G VOCABULARY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 15
F or
the verbs the en try form is the positive pun c tual or positive
static unless otherwise stated Th is is followed by suc h other
,
.
parts as were obtained en closed in paren theses , .
The vo c ab ulary c o n tain s the words stems an d affixes which were ,
obtained with exc eptio n of the verbal prefix ed pers o n al pron oun s ,
whic h have been pres en ted for c onveni enc e in tab ul ar form at the
e n d of the vo c abul ary p age 2 3 7 ,
.
V O CABULARY
a
’
cc us; punc t fut ; . ne g fut
.
;
’ ’
ocg u oc, c r . . .
ne g ; oc . to play (a game ) gamble [ Tewa é game] Cp

’ ’
, ,
’
, . .
- -kiH gambler ; cc to be a good gambler ; tou-cc ’

’ ’ ’
cc t
’ ’ ’
cc , , ,
to play the h an d g am e ; e t c d ei I am gamblin g . .
k i e idl d ei
‘
I gambled yesterday h ogn Hn d ei .
’
(or k ocdl instead of ham) I n ever gamble poue (k ocdl ) b ei , .
do no t gamble ! d ei I am going to go over to play .
b ei gamble ! poue t do no t go over to gamble !

h oc m are you going over to gamble ? h oc k i e id l ‘
did you gamble yesterday ? h qcne i h ogn ci ’ ’

b ei ,
d a m og no I do n o t like to gam ble h a n n t d é i-b t

’ ’
, , ,
yes I like to gamble ,b ei let us d pl go .
over and gamble ! h ogn k i e idl d ei I di d no t gamble ‘
ye sterday n ag d ei-bou I gamble all the time

.
eid e i .
’
m he gambled .
‘
cc d em stem i n cc-h oc
. there Oh
c y
-cc ther e oc-
g oc
’
there a - t
’
oc
, ,
’ ’
, ,
’ ’
, ,
’ ’ ’
,
there cc-dei that One there cc-bei p ast [cp cc-p dem stem]
,
’ ’
, , ,
’ ’
, .
’
. .
° ’
cc p o,
s t p at o n from [ p
c possibly
.
,
-h oc,
a t ] , E o u -
p c t S H t -a .
’
,
.
’ ’
,
at the peak of the moun tain p iH-m Qt t S H t -cc H I am .

‘ ’ ’ ’
going to go up to the top of the hi ll g oum-og y H-k oup (the .

’ ‘
,
sm al l of ) my bac k aches d qcm -og (to rac e ) o n the groun d (n o t .

’ ’
,
o n hors e ba c k ) -o at the d ( or edge ) of t -o ’

d
’ ’
g e n . o u tz m g , .
’
H-t a I c ame fro m the n orth ,
.
cc-cc—d oc c urs ; to be un able [ cp

’ ’ ’
. .
to thin k ; m oc to be un able to do] Cp p od to . .
be un able yH I c an n o t do it y IIm
’
m . .
I was un able k yHt g oc H dl y H m . tomorrow I sh all

‘ ’ ’
n o t be able .
’
cc-dl cc-t pre p o un d form referrin g t o head hair in ocdl
’
, ,
’
he ad ; cc —d oc (for cc-t -d oc a hair of the head ; e t c [ Tewa 136-13

’ ’ ’
,
.
,
head] ocdl -
. t H e o n t h e head
’ ‘
,
.
automobil e [fr Eng ] Cp t s eih ei—koc d l and . . .

’
t s e ih e i both meanin g horseless wago n .
ocdl- d Oc - g u n
oc to ’
da n c e the s c alp d an c e
, [ t o hair ki ll da n c e] .
.
d ei-ocdl-d oc-gu ocn m og I am dancin g the s c alp danc e

’ ’
. .
,
’
adl-d ot -k u ocn-n (inan III ) sc alp d ance [hair-kill d ance Mo oney
’
.
, ,
p .
16 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY la m . 34
’
ocdl -
g u ocdl ( an . II ; ’
ocdl -
g u oct -d oc t l
dl ~g u ocdl in
, p ; wood .
’
oc
pec ker sp ; said . to be a n other n ame for m a t oc ku ot , woodpecker

’
— - ’
[ red head] Cp ky H e ocdl g u ocd l, bird s p ; p H lEue, wood

- -
’ ’
sp . . . .
pec ker sp .
’
ocdl h oc b H -
- ’ ’
liiH (an I ) . m an who uses ’
-
ocdl h ocb H
’
style of hairdressin g ;
’
d oc
’
se e ot .
’ -
o< dl h oz
’
form of
pre p o un d mo n ey ’
ocd l b Qt -
- ’
”
n ,
.
ocd lh @ - b jmnk oce (in an II ) purse [ mo n ey bag]

’ ’ ‘ “
. .
’
ocdl-h @ - n (
’
app in a n II ; a s ocd l -h c- 6t t was no t re c orded
q g .
; . .
’ ’ ’
ocd l-h og in c oin dollar mo n ey ; also wampum [ hair metal

’ ’
, ,
as explained by Moo n ey p 2 5 5 but an alyzed by the in formants ,

.
,
as head metal metal with a head stamped o n it : cp h og g a t piec e , .

’ ’
,
of metal p H k oc . o n e dollar (n o t p H k oc ocdlh iz

’ ’ ’ ’
-d oc I have n o mo n ey -
é i oce ocd t t ky H I
’ ‘
d l ’
)
’ ’
g oc t oc h
.
qc —h
ei II , .
’ ’ ’ ’
,
have lots of mo n ey k ocdl ci-og give me some .

’ ’ ’
mo n ey !
ocdl - h o3 -t ou n (in an III ) min e [ mo n ey pit : t oun pit fr t ou to
’ ’ ‘ ' ‘
.
, , .
,
dig] .
ocdl - h H-e-m e i (an II ; ocdl-h H-e-mou- mosquito [ ocdl app

’ ’ ’
p .
,
.
head ; w -h H-em e j cp possibly e im -h H me i an t ]

.
,
.
’ ’
,
.
O< dl-k oc -t oue -kiH (an I ; OCdl -Roc -t oue -g a t pl ; OCd l-koc -t oue in
’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ '
. .
,
N ez P erc e m an ; Zs e e Moo n ey p 3 9 1 [ said to mean m an ,

.
with hair c u t roun d ac ross the forehead : koc to cu t ; -t ou -e ’

,
'
unexplained ; -kiH] .
’
ocd l- k oce c r azy foolish [ ocdl head ; -k oce un explain ed app skin]
‘
, ,
’ ‘
, , . .
Cp t Q u.
‘
whisky lit c razy water ; e t c , ,
.
ocd lk oce - d oc to be c razy foolish an outlaw evil [ d oc to b e ]

’ ‘
, , , ,
.
,
-ocdlk oce -d oc you are c razy -doc he is c razy poue

ci
’ ’
d l
‘ ’ ‘
m o c k oce ,
.
, .
’
ocpg oc n -ocdlk oce -d a dei — c m d é
i
’
lead us no t in to
‘ ’ ’ ’
evil !
’
ocdl k oce - ogm n
‘
( ocd l
’
k oce -o gm d e ih e id l to go cra zy
’ ‘ ’
,
.
’
ocd lk oce — ogm n
‘
he wen t c razy ocd lk oce — ogm d e ih e idl they s ay
’
,
. ,
’ ‘ ’
,
he wen t c razy .
’
ocdlk oce
‘
to make c razy to do wro ng t o ub e ig uoc poue e ih a
—
,
’
h ogn d e i b H-ocdlk oce from n o w o n do no t ye t pl do an ything

’ ‘
.
wro ng !
ocd lk oce n- (in an III ) c razin ess c razy ac t Sim n ag
’ ‘ —
.
, , ,
my sins n écfi ccdlk oce n J oce I have many s ins ocdlk oce n n t
.
‘
, .
’ ‘
b ou I saw a c razy ac t
,
.
’
ocd lk oce —EiH (an
‘
I ; ocdlk oce -gu oc c ra zy m an
. outlaw sinner ’ ‘
, , , .
ocdlk oce - kiH H-d oc I am a sin ner

’ ‘ ’
.
,
’
ocd l- k oce -ki(H ) -h H (with sec o nd mg an II ; ocdl -k oze-Ri (H ) -h H -b oc
‘ ’
. .
’ ‘ ’
,
’
ocd l- k oce-Ei (H ) -h H -g oc t pl ) 1 crest ; 2 kingfisher [ ocdl head ; the
‘ ’
,
. . .
’
rest of the word is obs c ure ; the k ingfisher is so c alled from his
c rest] Cp warbo et ; O( t Q u dl -RiH ’ ‘
. nn .
,
P o nc a m an ; 0 Cdl t Q u -IEiH F lathead m an

’ ‘
,
.
su mm o n] VOCABULA RY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 17
’
ocdlk
‘
to be c razy be an outlaw
oce -Q u,
’
in tensive] ,
-’
Ou, .
II -ocdlk oce -Ou I am c razy

’ ‘ ‘ ’
.
,
OCdlk oce -t o uh oc (in an III ) c razy bluff ple n Cp Moo n ey p 3 9 1

’ ‘ ’
. . . .
.
, ,
’
ocdl k o u p
‘
- c i—
g oc (in a n II ;
’
ocd lk o u p
— ei d p l ; ocdl k o u p
- e i in .
“ ’ ‘ ’
,
.
’ ‘ ’
gooseberry frui t [headac he fruit ; ocdl he ad ; k oup to ’ '

,
ache ; cig oc fruit ; cp ocdl t Q u-k oup headac he]

’
, .
’ ‘ ‘
, .
’
ocdlk o up -e i—
‘
p eip (in an goo s eb erry bush
’ ‘
. .
ocdl- pog og yu c c a root used as soap ; soap [head washer : washer

’ ’
, ,
fr pog og-e to wash]

.
’
,
.
- - I =
p g g m H [ exp lained as soap
- ’
’
ocdl pog og m H ( an
’
) w as h w o m a n o o .
, ,
woman] .
—d oc in an II
15qcn d pl ) braid of hair [fr $ 0 to
’
ocdl - (
’
dl - ’ '
fe
) z ; oc .
5 ,
. .
braid] .
’
OCd l- p ei p -dei prsn bushy head n ame of m an known in Eng as
‘
,
.
, ,
.
Friz zle h e ad ; see Moo n ey p 3 9 1 [p e ipd e i bushy fr p eip bush ]

‘ ‘
. . .
, , , ,
’
ocdl- s ou m ( a n II ; ocd l-s
ou g
- oc hair brush
. c omb [ p
c ocdl
’
-
s ou m , ,
.
’
,
to bru sh or c omb hair] Cp h Q J ocdl s oum metal c omb ; t ou . .

’
,
‘
’
ocd ls oum bo n e c omb ,
.
ocdl- s ou ( dl -s to br h hair omb hair [ Q u m to

- ’ *
d
’
m oc ou oc u s c S , , ,
brush] d ei . I am goin g to brush my hair .
’
ccdl to c ut the hair to c u t several] g 6c-ocdl — I .
’
am goin g to c u t your hair .
’
ocd l- t ei m ( ‘
app i n a’
n II ; oc dl -t
ou p ;d l o cdl -t
Q u in
. head .
“ ’ ‘
,
.
’ ‘
[head bo n e : t e i m bo n e] n et ocdl my head ocdl

‘ ’ ’ ’
,
. .
t ei m i
‘
m c-goup
’
he hit my head = n c
g ocdl t ei m éi,
-goup ocdl ,
’ ‘ ’
.
’
t n y H é i—goup he hit me o n the head ocdl - t ei m g g d — u ocd oc

‘ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
c
, .
,
I am goin g to hi t you o n the head .
’
OCdl t ei m
‘
Eit-k ue k og nd e i Poc pleu head draggin g c reek ; cp
’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
,
.
, .
Moo n ey p 3 9 1 ,
head ; é it they t pl an maj
.
’
. . .
it in an II ; k ue-k og h to brin g dragging ; -dei ; poc c reek]

.
“ ' ’
,
’
,
.
OCdl t e i m h H -EiH
’ ‘ ’
(an I ; OCdl t e j m hH
’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
.
g oc ( an I; - oc t l -’ ocdl
.
g , p ; .
Po nc a m an ; cp Moo n ey p 3 92 in -
.
,
. .
Mr F rancis L a Fle sch e in forms the writer that thi s n ame may
.
refer to headdress es suc h as are sho wn in F letcher and L a Fle s ch e ,
The O maha Tribe 2 7 t h Ann Rept B ur Amer E t h n 19 1 1 figs , . . . . .

, , .
40 98 and pl 24
, [head c rest m an ]
, . .
OCdlt Q u-e idl p rsn big head ; see Moo n ey p 3 92

’ ' ’
,
.
, . .
-liiH (in a n I
) Flathead m an [ ocdl t Q u head ;
’
OCdl t Q u
‘ ’ ‘
”
.
,
as in c rest an d stated by ,
Moo ney p 3 92 to mean c ompressed The n ame is singularly

,
.
, .
like that for the P on ka ] .
’
ocdlt Q u-k oup headache [k oup to ache ; c p ocdl-k oup -e ig oc
‘ ‘
,
‘
, .
’ ‘ ’
,
headache fruit] k o rip headac he B ut ocd lt e i m

ocdl t ou- .
’ ‘ ‘
, .
’ ‘ ’
m dc-k oup I have a headache ‘

,
.
18 B URE AU OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY (am . 34
’
cc-e , to be many
Cp k ogn , to be ma ny . Rit o up .
, man y .
’ ’
II -’
oce
m en h H O u d e i t So u , h o w many sto n es ? t sou n t

’
. man y .
sto n es (ans ) , = n t oce t So u - ’

.
cc-e adverbial stem im plied in och y cc , there [ cc d e m stem ;

’
- ’ ’
.
-ci
] Cp ou chy cc O uh y oc , there
.
’
- ’
.
- ’
.
’
—
cc e adverbial verb prefix , again [ cc as in a -b oc , repeate dl y ; -ci]
’ ’
.
oce - h e ig oc, he c am e ba c k again already heit t

’
ta oce .
’
m
y g ,
o you fi x it up agai n ,
do it agai n ! n
’
oce -goup I hi t hi m again
,
.
ei - - I w ill agai -t Q ue, he said again

’
d hi
’ ’ ’
m oce g u oc oc , t y o u n oce , . .
heit t cim t Hh o ug u ocd oc n eg, you do it

-’
-
oce y ogm , n og d H h ogn
’ ’
— ‘ ’
again an d s e e if I don t whi p you n t k u oct g oc n oce -ts ei ,

’
- ‘
-’
.
I p ull ed it out an d then put it bac k in h ogn oce t s Hn og, he n ever ’

- ’
.
c ame back again .
’
cc-g oc-ko u , o n e old Kiowa c oun t ) [un explain ed]
(in an .
’
cc-h oc adv there [ cc dem stem ; -h oc po s t p at] Cp orb y-cc
’
, .
,
’
.
’
,
.
,
. .
’ ’
,
there ocp -h oc there ,

och oc H-ta
’
,
I arIi v e d there I have .
’ ’ ’
, ,
been there och y oc H -t

a ,
B u t a d e ih
’
oc H -t
a I have c ome ’ ’
.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
fro m there och oc H-a m H I am goin g to go there .

’ ’
ocp h oc , ,
’
H—a m H och oc t s e id l he is there inside och oc H -t oc I was in

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, ,
. .
there .
’
och oc - dei (GMT-g ot
’
dem pron an d adv that o n e there ,
. . .
, ,
there ; -dei] .
’
oc-b iH to be plain l oc
, un exp lain ed ; -h iH real] Cp och iHb oc ’
,
. .
’
,
c edar tree lit the pla in o ne -och

iH it is plainl y dis c ern
’
, n . .
,
ible (from a distanc e ) .
cc- -b oc in an II 3 also o nc e ive as 4h -d oc -

t
’
(
’
t
’
; g n . oc iH ; oc .
,
c edar tree [ explain ed as the plain o n e S in c e the c edar stan ds ,
out plainl y amon g other trees ; but cp possibly T ewa h ij c edar] .

, .
och y - cc adv there [ oce dem stem ; -h oc po s t p at cp -cc at

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ '
.
, ,
. .
, , ,
.
o uh y oc are probably to be an alyzed as from oce -
”
och y oc and
’ ’ ’ ’ *’
h oc
an d oue -h oc respec tively] Cp cc-h oc ocp -h oc an d e sp o uh y -cc
*’ ’
. .
’ ’
,
’ ’
, .
’ ’
,
all mean in g there H- t oc I have bee n

'
’ ’
O u e h y oc
’
, och y oc .
,
there = och y oc H-t a ,

’
n p Ho ug o up n og och y oc s at cim
- ’ ’
.
’ ’ ’ “
’
oct h H d oc but w he n I hit him the third time he cried h H n

’ ’ ’
, , .
’
d —t s e id oc where am I goin g to put this t umbler ?
(
’ ’ ’
e jg oc e i , ) och y oc
h H e n h ej b ei-tsei oh j ust set it there anywhere (ans ) ! , ,
k y Hh n oc och y oc H—a m H I am goin g to go there to -morrow

‘ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
poue och y oc Sim -t s e it a do n t you be in there (in the di tch ) !

’ ’
,
’
Ey Hh iH n -p e ip e idl d o u g oc och y ot -dou d é i

’
thinkin g that ’ ’ ’
the m an was dead I went away , .
’
och y Oc - dei ( och y oc —g oc
’ ’
dem pron and adv that o ne there
’
,
. . .
, ,
there ; -dei] och y ot d e i d oc that is the o n e och y 6t g oc

.
’ ’
, .
’ ’
,
they are the o n es n og och y ot -dei pe idou m .

’ ’
.
an d for that reaso n they wen t traveling o ff mad och y a g oc .

’ ’
t H m
’
they moved o ff somewhere .
20 BURE AU OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY mm . 34
’
- -
cct p o udl t HdliH
‘ ‘
rybaby boy boy who cries easily (an . I) , c ,
[
’
oct to c ry;
-p ou di intensive ; t HdliH boy] ‘ ‘
, .
cct - c urs ) to c ry weep Cp tou- cct d cc t o be in mourn

’
d cc .
, . .
’
,
in g for a relative ct d liH he is weepin g h e ig cc H-bou ’ ’ ’

.
, .
a d liH I c ry all the time

’ ’
.
,
cct - t H t -d cc (in an II ; oct - s c alp [ cct hair ; t H t as in

’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘
t Ht .
,
t H t -n
‘
several are c u t ] ,
.
cc- t cg-e ( cc-t cg-e-m cg smooth sleek in t Q un oposs um

' '
’ ’ ’
, , , , ,
lit smooth tail ; t So u dl-at cge devil lit smooth wings ; s Hne j
.
’
, , .
’
whip s nake lit sleek sn ake ; e t c -cc un explain ed ; t og-e smooth]

, . .
’
, .
’
cc- t og -n
‘ ’
pun c t ne g ; cct cgnm cg c ur s ; fut .
’ ‘
,
. .
fut ne g ; to clear away (vegetation ) .
[
’
cc un explai n ed ; w -t o -
g n c p pos s ibly t H to c u t down sever al ] .
‘ ’
.
’ ’
, .
(sn ow ) melts I am
‘
Cp S H t . m iH n gy rI .
goin g to cu t the trees do wn H n I cleared away the .

’ ’
trees (e g for sun danc e ) . . .
”
cc- t H salty [ u n explain ed ] t Q u- s al ty water Cp
’ ‘ ‘
, oct H . . .
cct H- t Hem cg grain of sal t

’ ‘
.
,
g m e i to salt h cc H cct H He ct In I did you salt

'
cct Ht He c
’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘
,
.
0 b ,
it ? HJ oct Ht HeJ cgm salt it !

’ ‘
,
’
cct H- t He-m cg (in an II ; cct H- t He d pi ; cct H-t e in c omp ’ ‘
) 1
‘ “ ’
H .
, . . .
grain O f salt salt ; 2 n ame of a s m all weed that grows o n the prai , .
ries lit salt ,

salty ; t He to be white ]
.
‘
,
.
cct Ht He-Q n to be very salty cct Ht He-Q u it is too salty

’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘ ’
.
, ,
.
app form of pcc river water referrin g to water in

.
p re p o un d
’
, , ,
cc - well otter - - cc tule pla nt ; ot -

- o -e
p iH fish
’ '
’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
g cc , ; ct t ; g a p g , , ,
app water fish assum g that p iH may be related t O T e w a p a

( . in - ‘
,
,
fish as p iH fire is to Tewa fn fire ) a —sei little creek ; ct -

’ ’
d cc
‘ ’ ’
,
islaii d [ cp p oc river ; Tewa p o

, , , , , ,
o .O water] ’
,
‘
,
’
.
,
a
’
u n d form of 6 n 1
2 - sk i n in cI - H -t to s kin ; c c - H - -
ba 8 ’ ’ ’ ’
p pre o y y e , , , ,
b u e kskin tho ng ; - - pe du l e of fr i ge C also - kcg in ’ ’

b
’
cc y H oc n n p ,
. .
tH - liog eyelid app a dim of Ra [Tewa d bu ckskin cloth —I

’ ’ ’
, , j . .
, , , ,
tegumen t c overin g] , .
’
a
’
v erb prefix a while temporarily in a-cg to len d ; ct -k oup to , , ,
’ ’
,
’ ’ '
,
be dizzy ; cc-koup to store away ; -ku adl to be stored away ;

*’ ’
, ,
cc—K u cct -tou e storeroom ; cc- s cc t o s t ore away ; cc-t oc to stay

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, , ,
a whil e .
a-og to len d [ a verb prefix temporarily ; cg t o give] kccd l

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ —
.
, , ,
’
ccdlh c gn gy ri I am
’
go in g to le n d you some mo
‘
n ey .
-H e to go over to gamble
[ H e to run go ] poue t
’
’ — ct
’
.
’
, , ,
H e d cc don t go over to gamble !

’ ’ ’
,
ct -b oc adv repeatedly [ cp cc-e again] Cp H d lt H to

’ ’ ’ ’
. . .
,
.
,
repeat ct b cc n t cg m e i I did it repeatedly o ne t im e

.
’ ’
,
a
’ ’
, ,
af t er another .
m oro n] V O CABULA RY OF KI OWA LAN GUAGE 21 .
’
ct
’
-
b H-
h cc , adv there right there cc dem
’
.
, ,
’
.
-
stem ; b H h cc , po st p
- ’
.
,
-tsei I put it right there

at] .
n .
’
cc-
’
bei adv past ; there [ app cc dem stem ;
,
.
,
at refer .
’
.
,
rin g to region ; for the mg past c p esp the c ompounded p o s t p . . . .
-bei-n in fro nt of] , ct b e i H he is passing by ccb e i .

’ ’ ’
, .
’ ’
p H H pQ H H we heard the wago n pas sing ec hei there

k u e
‘
n —h o u
‘ - ’ ’ ’ ’
, ,
.
,
up there .
cz- b iH (an II ; ot- b iH- l - 1 paunc h (e g of

’ ’ ’
’ ’
g oc t p ; cc b 1 H in , . . . .
buffalo ) ; 2 gizzard (of bird ) [ ca un explain ed -b iH as in s a -i

.
’ ’
,
’
,
quiver ; cp b iH-m -k oc-e bag] Cp sei-t He tripe .

‘
,
. .
,
.
cg - d cc (in an III ) islan d [ possibly a water ; -d cc un explained]

’ ’ ’ ’
. .
, ,
-ccd cc-d cc there is an islan d

‘ ’ ’
gy rI , .
cz—d cc (in an II b ; ccdl d pl ; cc-dl cc-t in c omp ) a hair of the head ;

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
.
,
.
the t pl is used for head —hair c o llec tive The 3 form appears to be
. . .
c ollec tive in ouy- cc-d cc man e an d in o n e se n ten c e give n below

’ ’
, , .
cc-
’
dl cc-t in c ompoun ds refers to head as well as hair Cp
’
. .
ccdl
’
head lit head bone oc d cc dei —b Q u I s aw o n e , . .
’ ’
,
h air ccdl dei—b og I saw the hair (of the head

.
’
n cg ccd l , ,
’
,
my hair nqt ccdl-d Q u m in my hair ccdl -n d ei

.
’
I am ’
,
.
’
going to wash my hair Al so ccdl -d Q u m d ei I am goin g .

’ ’
to wash my hair lit in side my hair dei I am go in g ,

. .
to brush my hair a d ot d ei-s oud cc ccdl -h 6t —b H at o ne side of ,

’ ’ ’
.
’ ’
,
the head referrin g to a style of hairdressing des c ribed by Mooney

, ,
p 3 9 1 ; cp ccdl -h a b H -IEiH m an who uses this style of hairdressin g

. .
’ ’ ’
, .
ct - c urs ) to thin k [ cp possibly cc-cc- d cc to be u n able ;

’ ’ ’
*’
d cc
’ ’
.
, ,
cg-n in cgn - tou to forgive ; Tewa d-Ij referrin g to thinkin g]

'
’ ’ ’
.
-gu oc b H I thin k I am sm ar t (b H app a pro n oun

yH
"
.
,
is n o t clear )
”
.
-dei prsn of a former head chief of t h e Kiowas ; see Moo ney

,
.
,
p 3 92 [ explain ed by Moo ney lo c cit as Islan d ; e v

.
,
. .
,
“
.
island ; -dei] .
’
cc-
’
dei ( cc-g cc ’
dem pron and adv that o ne ri ght there [ cc
’
,
. . .
, ,
’
dem stem ; -dei] cadei H he is c omin g right there

’ ’ ’
. .
, .
’
ct d e i-
’
h cc adv there ’
, there ; -h oc p o stp at] .
, a dei - h cc
’
, .
, .
’ ’ ’
H-t a
’
I have c ome from there, .
’
o¢ d e i-
’
h cc -tsou adv there
’
there ; -h a -tsou at] , p iH - oc
y .
’
,
.
‘ ’
H-t ol g ot ct d e i-h cct so u H-t a

’ ’
I was stayin g up o n the h ill an d
’ ’ ’ ’
,
c ame (down ) from there .
’
cc-
’
dou (in an bic eps [said to be so c alled bec ause it is roundish ;
.
cp possibly -H - dl -H -t roun d ; dou unexplain ed] ’ ’

.
,
.
’
cc- g (
’
cc in a n I ; c c -
g oc in c omp ) well.
[ possibly a water ’
; g oc n oun
- ’
.
’ ’
,
g n b Q H I saw a well of water y iH ca g ot

t fi ] cc - ’ ’ ’ '
’
p o s x cc .
, .
-b Qu (or n - b on instead of last word ) I s aw two wells a g cc , .

’ ’
n am go g to dig a well
_
-hi n d I in t d i
’
i - t s e idl
’ ’ ’
H on H g n
'
cc e , cc cc .
,
the rat is in the well cc g cc-d onn t se idl he is down in the well .
’ ’
, .
22 B U RE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY 13 m . 34
’
a
’
-a 1
g , dem pron t pl of . that o ne ; 2 adv there where
. .
, . . .
, , ,
look there [ cc dem stem ; -g oc] Cp a g cc-s cgm win dow ’

. . .
’ ’
, .
ct g oc tou e rI -
’ ’
d e iy cc-dei- iH H
’
I am go ing in where they
’ ’ ’ ’
are stan ding in the room h cgn n eg t so udl h cc m Hy jH aim .

’
H-t a y oc a g cc é in-a Z H
’ ’ ’ ’
I did n o t hear anyth ing
’ ’ ’ ’
lik e that d woman quarreled over m ilkb ags H-b H oc g cc poc -e idl
. .
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
k a dei -e im I wen t to where the big river was (lyin g )

’ ’
,
H-h e i .
’
cc g cc e idl l€iH tou e f a dei -iH I we n t in where the old m an was

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
"
,
stayin g inside ct g cc Hn eim k c2 t ccpd cc-iH a swimmin g plac e

— .
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, .
d cc ci g oc ccd lk cce n n t -d czd e i n g oc n i

x ou
’
p -tsou ’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ’
cl g oc ccdl k cce d e i d c forgive us o ur sin s as

’ ’
éi
’ ’ ’
c
we forgive those wh o sin against us ! cc g cc up there cc g cc look ’ ’

, .
’ ’
,
there ! behold ! (used like oue O u e ig cc in c allin g atten tion ) ’

,
’
.
a -g cc in cc g cc-
’
s cgm window [ app ’ ’
there] , . .
’
cc g cc-s cgm (an
’
II ; a g a -s a b a win dow [ app lookin g-plac e
.
’ ’ ’
,
.
there where ; -s cgm as in scgm -d cc to look] , ,

.
(in an III ) game [ cc to play gamble]

’ ’ ’
ct n .
, , ,
.
’
cc n
’
stingy (to be ) [ a un expl ained ; -n ]
,
-
yH I ’ ’
.
am stin gy h cgn d e i a n b ei H-d cc I am no t close

_
’ ’ ’
. .
,
to be a great gambler [ cc to gamble ; -h H -p exc essive usita ’

, ,
tive po s t fix ] Cp cc kiH gambler na H . I am a .

’ ’
,
.
g
’
gambler = nog a EiH H-d cc ,

’ ’ ’
.
’
cc t
’
-lE iH (an I ; cc t - oc
g gambler = a -kiH .
’ ’
, ,
’ ’
.
’
a - h i H to be a good gambler -b i H real ]
’ ’
, yH I am ’
,
.
a good gambler .
’
ce l2iH
’
(a n I ; cc
,
- cc
g gambler . cz t -kiH gam bler [ cc to
’ ’
, ,
’ ’
,
’
,
play] n cg cc kiH H—d cc I am a gambler n goc d ei-b ou I saw the

.
— ’ ’ ’
,
.
’ ’
,
t pl gamblers . .
-a -ko u-b H p o s t p aroun d at the edge of

’ ’
, app dem stem ; .
, ,
. .
ko u un explain ed ; -b H at]
, kt i H QH
t -cz ko ub H Hn
,
.
’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
the m an was sittin g o n the shore .
cc -liou - bei p o st p around at the edge Of -bei at ] — t QH-a lio ub e i

’ ‘
’ ° ’ ’
, , ,
. .
,
n t -b l
o g I saw t h e sh o re at the edge of the
’ ’
p iH H
‘
, . .
table n eg-U lio ub e i m Hy c up II —l7Iu ccy cc the women were sitting

.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
all aroun d me t ont o ufi a ko ub e i Ii h y o up tei H—d cc m e n were

‘
’ ’
.
,
all aro un d (outside ) the (agency ) o ffi c e .
*’
a - Eo up to store away sever al in cc-Eu cc-sou -dei hook for ha ng
’ ’ ’
, , ,
ing thin gs away ; e t c koup ] . .
"
0
cc - 12u cc-sou -dei (in an

’
hook for hanging thin gs away -koup
‘
.
,
to store away ; so u to insert ; -dei] h cgn d e i cc-kucc .

’ ’
so u d e i n - b on I saw a hook for h an gin g thin gs ,

.
a -Ru cc- t c u e (in an I ) storeroom -fio u

p to store away ; tou e
’ ’ ’ ’
.
, , ,
roo m ] .
cc -k og to be light [ un explain ed] it is light (no t heavy )

’ ’ ‘
.
, .
é i-doue it is too light

’
.
g r am mes] V O CAB U LA RY OF K I OWA LANGUA GE 23
*’
k oup
cz -
’ ‘
c urs ) to be dizzy [ app a temporarily ; ,
.
’ ’
k oup to pain be sick] y H

‘
,
I a m diz zy ,
. .
’ ’
-
ct p cg e (a n II ) otter ,
water ;
-
p og
-
e u n.explain ed ] R e c orded , ,
.
o nly from Mr L o n ewolf ; the other informan ts did no t know this .
word .
- oc (in an II ; cc- p og d pl ) t ul e bulr ush [ cc possibly water “ ’ ' ’ ’ ’

g .
,
.
,
-c
p g u n explai n ed ;
-
’
g oc] o zp cg g cc d ei—b on I saw o n e tul e .
’ ’ ’
.
plan t a p og n t -b on I s aw the tule

.
’ ’
,
cc - II ; cc - -d
’
l ’ ’
- in fi sh , =t i
-
n t ct
’
i
’
( p iH
’ ’
p iH t on
‘
an . cc, p ; . a
-
p
‘
o u dl , fish , lit split tail [possibly water fish :
.
’
a
’
water ; w ‘
.
-
i
cp . Tewa pd
‘
, fish ] .
’
ct
’
p iH (in a n . III ) dorsal ,
fin of fish ; al so without pre p o un d
[fish warbon n et] .
OCp iH-g u ccdl rec e n t of E n o c h Smoky [ red fish] Cp ts on

’
, pr sn .
,
. .
t Hd liH prsn of Mr Smoky

‘
. . .
,
a p iH- k cce (in a n fish sk in

'
’ ’ ‘
. .
’ ’
ct p iH -p ou -e (in a n II ; cc i
‘
p
- ou give n as m e a n in g fis h lin e .
’ ’ ‘
,
[ p iH
cc
’
fi sh ;
’
p ou trap fi sh h o o k ;
-ci
]
‘
, ,
.
’
cci
’
- o ub H to go fishin g [p ou to c at ch trap ]
‘ ‘
p , ,
’
ct p iH-
’
p oue (in an II ; ‘
given as meanin g fish line .
fish ; p ou trap fish h o o k ; -ci] ‘

, ,
.
’
6c p iH-
’
p ou-kiH (in an fish bait [fish c atch meat]
‘
. .
" fish
- - i a II - d l
p )
-
H e unexplained ;
- ’
( p iH He
’ ’
ct p iH He g
t o c n n ; cc t n e t t .
,
.
,
- oc
g .
’ ’
-
cc p H
‘
( an boil
.
(oII ;
n body ) [ u n explai
_
’
-n
‘
ed]
a p H-
’ ’
g oc, .
cc- s cc to store away several [ cc temporarily ; s oc to put several in]

’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
Cp cc-koup . to store away

*’ ’
n t ,
I am going .
to store it away .
’
cc- sei (in an I ) small creek [ app cc water ; -se i as in sei-k og-n
’
.
, .
’ ’
,
sc um o n stagn an t water sei-tsou lake] Cp hi l dry arroyo , , . .

,
‘
cc- -s ou- l -s on in c omp ) roan [w c p Tewa d

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
S QH g o c t p cc a , . . . .
,
to be brown ; -S Q H in tensive] ts e i ou n b Q H I saw

-cz s - , .
’ ’
,
a roan horse ts e i-ccs cng cc d ei-b og I saw t pl roan horses .

’ ’
, . .
cc-S Q H-d cc (in an II ; cc-s cgn sweetgrass plan t [ cc une x

’ ’ “ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
plained distin c t from ,to be swe et ; s on-d oc grass plant] . ,

’
cc
’
to stay a while temporarily [ a temporarily ; t cc to stay] ,
’ ’ ’
, .
n qc H I am stayin g here a little while (in L awton )

’
.
’
cl i H m cg (c urs
-’
- ’ "
a t in to suck unexplained ;
.
’
,
tH t o s uc k ] Cp Q n-ct t - o udl leech ’ ’ ’

p . .
, .
’ ’
cc t S Q n (an II ; a - t S Q u-g a tic k [ un explain ed]
.
’ ’
, .
cc- -b cc in an bu ksk tho g skin ;

(
’ ’
-
i t p y H e b cc [ a
‘ ’ ’
y H e c n n = cc k cc e .
,
-b cc strin g C - -b oc pe n d ul e o f frin ge
]
’ ’ ’
y H e p cc y H
, . .
, .
og y H -h o u dl - d H (in an III ) buc ks kin dress (formerly worn by K iowa

’ ‘
’
.
,
women ) [frin ge shirt] Cp t ccpk oce -h o udl-d H bu ckskin shirt . .

‘
,
.
24 B URE AU OF AME RI C AN ET H NOLOGY am . 34
’ '
ct
’
y to fringe [ app s oc to put several in ]
H-s oc ,
dei .
,
.
-’ ct’ H
y
I am goin g to frin ge it .
’
cc- y H -t
’
fut czd lh e idl to skin s c alp l a .
’ ’
, ,
’ ’
r
p p e o u n d for m of Ra n ski n -
; y H -t u n explain ed har dl y to be ’
, , ,
c ompared to - — H- b oc pen dul e of frin ge be c ause of

’ ’ ’ ’
y H in cc y , ,
cc -
’
y H e b
’
cc explai n ed as bu c ksk in rope ]
,
e
g g i cc k oce - oc d l .
‘ ’ ’
hei dl an d then he skin ned it t se jh iH n

,
I am .
goin g to skin the dog k t n cc t se it n yesterday .

‘
I skinn ed the dog n -U d ld cc I am goin g to s c alp h im .

’
,
.
’
a - y H
’
b cc a - iH -
y b
’
cc ( in an II ; ,
cc -
y
’
i H
’
cl - H
y d l
p ; cc - iH
y In .
“ ’ ’
,
’ ’
,
.
’ ‘
’
c omp ) pe n d ul e of frin ge [ a skin ; w y H -b cc cp y H -e -b cc rope] ’ ’ ’

.
,
. . .
Cp cc -y H e b cc buc kskin thon g a y H b cc (or a y iH b cc) d é i

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
, .
b Q u I s aw o ne pen dul e of frin ge et y H (or cc y iH ) n t - b QH I

’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
,
s aw the frin ge ccy H n t I am goin g to make frin ge ’ ’

. .
dei-cc y H I am goin g to frin ge it

’ ’
.
’
cc-Z H -e (app in an II ; a -
’ ’
Z H -e a - ZH d ; cc - zH -Z H - cc “ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
. .
g , ,
.
,
t pl ; cc-z H . in udder m il k b ag [ unexplained] Cp z e ip

’ ’ ’
, . .
,
woman s breast cc- ZH

’
éi n -d cc her milk-bags ca z.H -
n
’ ’ ’
, ,
’ ’ ’
,
in the mil k-bags

(X Z H -t H-hou -l2iH (an I ; also OZz H -t qc-hou -kt f2 z H -t cg
' '
’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
H
’
. 1
hou -p t pl ; - hou in ,
t rb n U dder -an gry Trav eler
. .
,
o ff m an who departed angry be c ause of the udder ; see the text

, ,
page 2 5 2 .
; pu nc t . futne g n eg ;
’
cgm cg,
’
c urs . fut .
; . .
cc
’ ’
,
imp in fer n e g ) to give han d [ Tewa . .
, ,
fin) to give ha n d
, ] Al so in Og
-h cc to bri n g a n
, d
‘
give ; cc - cg to .
*’ ’ ’
,
’ ’ ’
,
len d ; k Hd a-cg to sell ; p oun J Og to pay Cp m Hg cc to give

’ ’
,
‘
,
. .
’
, ,
hand yH give it to me ! y H
.
poue y rI do ’
n o t give it to me ! h H O ue é i when are you g c mg to pay ’ ’
me bac k ? heit b II t let us give it ! poue b II t let us n o t’ ’
give it ! II you pay h im ! t So u é i ’ ‘

han d me the sto n e ! ’
n éc give it to me ! = n <§c m iHn gd I am goin g

to give it to you poue y é ka dei don t give it to him ! he ’ ’
.
,
is n o good tei H y H give me all the stic ks ! H t e ip ae y H

.
’ ’ ’ ’ ‘
\
h cg n II I did n o
’
t gra n t I refused ; c t n ix H- H dl - cgm n I ,
.
’ ’ ’
,
granted I agreed e id e i t HdliH t s e j gy rI ,

I am going to .
’ ‘ '
give my horse to this boy

‘
’
cg cc og
’
u verb prefix
’
with the
’
foot in o -
g Qu
Z n to walk ; g o h -t s -
H H , ,
’ ’
,
’ ’
,
to c ome o n foot ; e t c [ Tewa d d-Ij verb prefix with the foot] .

’ ’
,
.
Cp ogh p p
r e o
. un d form’
of cgn -sou e foot an d of o:n-
g n foot ’ ’
, ,
’
,
tra ck referrin g to foot fo o t t rack

, ,
.
to be sweet savory - - sour - - - ’ ’

(
’ ’ ’
cg
’ ’
in H cg in t Qu H cg m cg , ,
’ ’ ’
,
le m o n ) ; cg -gu oc-dou e -n to be savory ; t o u dl-cg to be savory

’ ’ ’
,
’
,
[ Tewa d to be sweet]
’
.
su m m o n] VOCABULARY OF K I OWA LANGUAGE 25
of the p o s t p
with in duc ed n asalization .
-cc’ .
’
cg Qt dei (an
- ’
- ’
II ; cc -doup magpie . c -
[ g Q t imitative ; dei ;
’ -
,
’ ’ ’
cp Tewa k H magpie]
’ ’
.
.
,
’
cg- m in cg m -h yn m d e i right
’
; cgm -t H m d e i left ’
,
’ ‘
, .
’
-
cgm h yn m - -dei right (dexter
’
) [ c v for cgm -h yu e
,
—m -dei : cg m as
- .
*’ ’ ’
in cg m -t Hm
’
-dei left ;
-b yu
-
e
‘
-b y n -e real right ;
-m -dei ]
,
’
, , ,
.
cgm h y n m d e i t ondei the right leg d cc the right

’ ’
cgm h y n m g cc c
’ ’ ‘ ’
,
.
_ ,
hand cgm h y 1g m d e i m cgn d pl right hands

.
’ ’
,
. .
’
cg- m -n punc t n e g ; c urs ; c urs n e g ; . . .
-c m d e ih cc c urs ;
’
fut ; fut neg ;
g ,
. . .
fut -cgm d e i im p) p ass of cg-m ei to make : to be made be don e

.
’
, ,
.
’ ’
, , ,
to happen bec ome ; pass or tra nsitio n al p o st po und with verb s

,
. .
Cp ccm d cc to be made an d many c ompoun d verbs

’ ’
.
,
cgm n ,
.
,
it is made it has been made cgm d e it cc it will be made h cgn

,
.
’ ’
,
.
cgm g cc it is n o t made h e ig cc Ey H t H e kiH he is going to be

’ ’
.
,
made a chief Cp poue b ei-ky H t H e lEiH J ccm d cc do no t make your. .

’
,
self chief don t be made a c hief ! k i e idl gy rI-ogm n yesterday

,
’ ‘ ‘ ’
,
it happen ed it did n o t happen yester ‘

k i e idl h cgn gy rI
‘
.
day m iH n gy rI . it is no t about to happen k t n cc ‘ ”

.
‘
n tomorrow it will happ e n k t n cc h ccn n .

‘
tomorrow it is n o t going to happen n -k cgn-cgm n .

’
let it happen m iHn p Hn-Qcm H it is about to cloud up pcc .

‘ ’ ’
.
s y H n c m d e ih cc the moo n is wa n in g growin g small poc sy Hn

'
’
, , .
the moon is goin g to wan e h e ig cc y H (my .
work ) is goin g to be finished t iH y H-koudou -k oup — cgm n I .

‘ ’
,
am goin g to be s uff erin g h e ig cc tou cgm n the house is finished .

’
,
n cc h e ig cc tou cgm d e it cc the house will be finished

'
k t
‘ ’
now .
,
tomorrow tou h e id cc h cgn cgm g cc the house is no t fin ished yet

.
’ ’
, .
k i e idl tou cgm n the house was fini shed yesterday tou
‘ ’
, .
k t t h e house will no t be fin is hed to

‘
n cc h cgn
morrow tou bei-t ei n -dei . the house will n ever be ‘ ’
finished = tou h cgn .
-d cc to be made be do n e
’
g m , C p c m
g n
- to be made tou , . .
’
, .
h e ig cc cgm d cc the hou s e is already finished the t pl houses are

’
, , .
al ready fini shed tou h e ig cc ci-cgm d cc the two houses are already ’ ’
.
,
finished tou h e igcc cgm d c< -dei n -b on I s aw the hous e (or t pl

.
’ ’
, .
houses ) already built ts e ih iH t s e in-dou cgm d cc d e i n -b on I .

’ ’
~
,
s aw the dog made of mud .
’
cgm - dou to make [ cgm to make ; ’
, n t -k cc k
p on
’ ‘
’
cgm d o u I am making a shadow ’
, ci m -t So u dl -
toub et he .
’ ’
soars lit slan ts his wings , . .
’
cgm - t Hm - dei left [ cgm as in cgm h y u m d e i right ; -t H-m une x
‘
,
’ ’ ’
,
‘
plain ed ; -dei] Cp og -t H app variant form .

cgm - t n oc .
’ ’ ‘
. .
’ ‘
m cg d cc the left hand

’
, .
26 BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
’
cg-
n urspunc t fut fut . ne g ; c . . .
ne g ; cg n
’
to sound Al so in t Q H- ogu (thun der ) soun ds ;
’
,
.
’
,
cgn -
’
k ou m to sou n d’
b e i t
,
-c n
g (flute train) sou nded b ei t .
’
, , .
H pd
’
e i
’
it is sou n
,
din g k u cct o u H g
n — o u the bird .
’ ’
,
wen t k ucct o u H :n- cgn the b ird sang h cg cgnk ’ ’

,
’ ‘
n cc b eit - c n the tra in whistled soun ded

g
’
, , .
cc-n p p
r e o u n d form of cgn -sou e foot an d of i -
m n , fo o t t rack
’ ’
, ,
’
,
referrin g to foot fo o t t rack ; for cgn-sou e cgn-s o u is also used as ,

’ ’
,
’
p re p o un d .
’
c-
gn verb prefix with the foot s e e cg , ,
’
’
cg-n possibly in cgn-k cc-douy-ci-dei too mu ch ; ogu -l€ iH -g cc at last ’
,
’
, .
’
cg-n possibly referrin g to thinking in cgn-t o u to forgive [ cp ,
’
.
poss ibly a -d cc to think ; Tewa (j -Ij referring to thinkin g]

’ ’
.
,
’
.
-c -n in d c m -o n-t
g
’
, g g ou o c ea n ; k o - c n mo cc as in
g g
’
; k c - c n to be
g g
‘
,
‘ ’
,
‘ ’
,
pitiable ; m ccn-cgn-cc to play the arrow-throwing game ’ ’

, .
cg n in t cgm
- - cgn measure [ c p t cgm to measure]
’ * ’
. .
,
ctn -b H -b o u dl -t e i m (in an II ; ogu -b H -bou di -t Q H d pl ;

’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘ ’
cgn -b H .
,
.
b o udl -t oig in proj ec tin g pro c es s of bon e at either side of

‘
the an kle [ ogu referring to foot ; -b H -bou -dl as in t Q n-bou -t

’ ‘
,
shin ; t e i m bo ne] ‘ ’
”
.
,
n- b H -p H d l-k ae (an II ) rug [lit foot quilt ; explain ed as quilt

’ ‘
cg .
,
.
that makes o ne s feet walk easy ; ogu referrin g to foot ; -b H ’ ’
d l-k ae q ui lt C tou -d d i-k cce rug

]
‘ ’ ‘
p H p on m
, e . .
,
.
’
ogn-d cc ( cgn pun c t n e g ) to wan t [ cg-n u n explain ed ; app
’
.
,
’
.
d oc to be] Also in p ou-cgn d cc to wa n t to s e e ; e t c Cp t ein -d cc

‘
’ ‘
-
,
. . .
, ,
to wa n t h H o u d e i e jm -cgn d cc how mu ch do you wan t ? H-cgn d cc

.
— ’ ’ ’
,
’ ’
,
I wan t it t s ei H -Ocn d cc I wa n t a horse

. k i e id l ts e i H-cgn d cc ’ ’
,
.
‘ ’ ’
,
yesterday I wan ted a horse k t n cc ts ei H to -morrow .

‘ ’
I shall wan t a horse h cgn H ts e i I did n o t wan t a .

’
,
horse = ts e i h cgn ,
H-p Q H I wan t to s e e ’ ‘
II
’
=
é i- -t ’ nd oc
’
(him ) . p Q u ei .
’
o n-do
g
-b H
H (m an . III ) sole of foot , [
’
cgn foot ; -d
a H,
cgn-d Q Hb H e
’
.
’
c n -d
g Qn (in a
-b H -e
n III ) sole of foot cgn -d
Q H b H .
, ,
’
.
cgn -g oc-dou-y -e i-dei too mu ch [ cg-n pos s ibly as in cgn -kiH las t ; ’ ’
, ,
- oc u n explained -dou - = dou —e verb prefix ex c essively -ci

g ; y ; ,
un explain ed ; -dei] cgn g ocd o u y e id e i t g g you wan t

-k c m c .
’ ’
,
t o o m u ch .
’
ccn- goup to ki c k tr [ to foot hi t ]
, gy II -c n o u
g g p I ki c ked him . .
‘ ’
,
.
ccn- (app in an III but 8 usage was n o t readily approved ;

’
n . .
, .
fo o t t rac k [ cgn p re p o un d form of cgm—sou e foot
”
’ ’ ’
in
’
cgn , ,
an d of -b on I s aw the
‘
- fo o t t rac k ; - t
n ]
’ ’
—
cgn n cg n
n gy II ,
.
,
trac ks B ut I saw the trac k was turn ed to Hn-cgn-da n et

.
“ ’ ’
gy t -b
QH
‘
III s aw his tra c k , yH g
- o u -d cc m
y f o o t t r ac k yH g
n -c n-b n
o .
’
,
.
’
,
I s aw your fo o t t rack y H -cgm-b on you s aw my tra c k o u e id e i .

’
,
.
’
28 BURE A U OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY 13 m . 34
ccn t cc -dou in fiv e plac es t -dou d ei—b five of

'
I ll
’ ’ ’ ’
,
. cgn a og , s aw a
them .
dei the fifth

cgn t cct -
'
’
.
,
ccn t cc- t H fifteen - fteen

'
c n t oc t H kt
'
y o up , fi
’ ’ ‘ ’ ' ’
,
.
g m en .
t H S H e fifteen years
‘
.
,
- - urs ; cgn punc t

'
cgn t o u t H
’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
m cg . ne g . n t o ut
cg Hm cg, c .
fut ; cgn t o u t H fut ne g cgnt o u t H imp to.

’ ‘
. .
’ ‘
.
forgive [w cg-n cp possibly cc-d cc to think ; Tewa d-13 referrin g

.
’
.
*’ ’
,
’
to thinkin g ; -t o u un explain ed ; -t H as in k oc to pity ; e t c ] ‘ ’ ‘ ’

.
k i e idl n
‘
yesterday I forgave him k i e idl .
‘
h cgn n I did n o t forgive him yesterday m iHn .
n I am about to forgive him k t n cc .

‘
n I am goin g to forgive h im tomorr ow k t gc c .

‘
t cc I am no t go in g to forgive him tomorrow

'
cgn t o u t Hc
‘ ’
h cgn n
’ ’
, .
’
H forgive h im ! poue H don t forgive ’ ’
him ! heit b II cgn t o u t H let us forgive him heit poue b H-cgm ’ ‘ ’

.
’
let us no t forgive him .
ccn- t H dl (an II ; cgn -t H t -d cc t pl al so in an I ) toe [ cgn foot ; - t H dl

’ ’ ’ i ’ ‘
.
, .
,
.
,
app as in ci-t H t -d cc grain of c o rn ; t H dl liver kidn ey]

.
’ ‘
tei ,
‘
, , .
’
H m cgn -t H dl ’
n -b
on I sa w all of ‘
y ou r toes cgn t cc ogn -t H d l
, .
’ ’ ’ ‘
-da I have fiv e toes -t t cc c ari n o t be substituted in thi s

ci (g
’ ’ ‘
, c n
sen tenc e ) cgn -t t cc d ei-b og I saw the t pl toes p Ho u
.
’ ‘
,
. .
‘ ’
cgn- t H dl three toes ; but p Ho u cgn- t t cc d ei-b og I s aw three

’ ' ‘ ’ ’ ‘
, ,
toes .
*’
cgn - t ou—t to climb steps in ogu-t out
‘
ladder [ cgn foot ; ,
’ ‘ ’
t ou-t as in t Q n-p ec -t out pump ]

‘ ‘ ’ ‘
,
.
’
ccn - t out-H -d cc (in an II cgn-t ou t
‘ ’ ’
d pl ladder [ ex plained as .
,
’ ‘
.
c limb up steps pole : H -d cc pole]

’ ’
.
,
cgn- t s H verb p re p o un d going o n foot in cgn -t s H H to c ome o n foot ;

’ ’ ’
, ,
ogu —t s H- b H to go g o n foot walk ; ogn-t s H-i n gH to be a great

’ ’ ’ ’
, , ,
walker ; ogh -ts H-s cc e to be a fast walker [ cgn wi th the foot ; w

’ ’ ’
,
’
.
t s H c p t s H -e
’
to go walk] .
,
.
’
ccn - t s H-H to c ome o n foot [ H to c ome]
’ ’
,
H-cgn t s H-H I c ame ’
,
.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
o n foot .
ccn- t s H-b H to go o n foot walk [b H to g o ] Cp qc-z oun to wal k

’ ’ — ’ ’
.
, ,
.
, ,
.
H ’
I am going to go o n foot I am goin g to ,
walk .
cgn- t s H-i n iH to be a great walker [k I Hn iH to be lo ng ]

’ ’
.
, ,
’
cgn t s H- i n jH lit he’
is a lo n g wal k er ,
. .
ccn- t s H-s oc e to be a fast w al ker [ s oc e to be swift] cgn t s H- s oc e

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, ,
.
,
he is a fast walker .
’
cgn - t S Q n (an II ; cm-t S Q H-n toen ail [ ogu foot ; -t S Q n n ail
.
’
,
’
, ,
claw] C p cgn-kcgn hoof ; m cgn -FS Q H fingern ail cgn - t S Q Hn

’ ’
.
, ,
. .
d ei-b og I saw t pl toen ails , . .

m am m al V OCABULA RY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 29
Q
’
qc
’
verb prefix with the foot see cg , ,
’
’
cg
’
to be sweet savory ; se e — cg ,
’ ’
to be m ean [w H cp t ogn to be mean ; —dei] yH

’ ’
.
.
,
.
I am mean c ranky Hn he is mean n t

, yo u
.
’
.
an d I are mean .
’
og -
’
d e ip-d e i ( cg -d e ip-g oc half [ og-dei-p un explain ed ; -dei ]
’ ’ ’ ’
}
.
,
Cp Z H e -dei
. half H d oc ,H pg
d e i c c d ei- b og I saw o n e
.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
side of the stick half of the stick ts e i cg d e ipd e i n -b ou ,

.
’ ’
,
I s aw the other side of the horse t s e i g cc Hd e ipg cc d ei—b ot I saw .

’ ’
,
the other half of the horses n oc k a dei t onn ei : Hd e ipg cc n cfc .

’ ’ ’ ’
an d the other (c hief ) said : give me half (the other half ) !

’ ’
- oc o wn frequen tly repla cin g in depen den t poss pro n self Cp
Hg , ,
. . . .
k ou-h H e k ou-t cgg cc iH our o wn s o n

’
c c ts ei
‘ ‘ ’ ’
o wn , , .
, .
,
o ur o w n horse n cg cgg cc ts ei é i-d cc it is my o wn horse i h ’

i
’
.
g e e g cc ,
.
-dei E i —t o u d cc an d hi s o w n “ ’
t y p g m
’
c c c o u oc m Hy p
o u t e p cce ci .
,
m e n an d women all he gathered together n eg ts e i d dc-d cc that is .

,
our horse cgg cc ts e i d dc—d cc

, c c t s
’
e éi
j -d cc it is my o wn horse .
’
, .
cgg cc t s ei gy II -d cc it 18 your o wn horse -d cc that is

’
’
c c ts ei ,b cc .
’
,
the horse of ye t pl c c-dei t s ej H-d cc it is his horse ( cjcg cc would .

’
_
’
,
’
hardly replac e cgg cc-dei in third pers s but wo ul d be un derstood ) ’

. .
, .
’
d e i-h o u dl I killed myself b é i-hou let us kill ourselves ’
Hg oc cgg c c , .
, .
cgg cc f) im - h o u dl he kil led him self c c d ei I am lookin g

’ ’ ’
’
.
,
at myself c cc H i t onh cgn he bec ame silen t of his o wn a c c ord

m - .
’ ’
, .
—dei o wn
; see c c
’
Hg oc , .
’
cgg cc- p 1 H ( a n II ; c cc-
gg p iH g - oc . buff al o lit (o ur) o wn food
’
, ,
.
[ cgg cc o wn ; p iH food] Cp k ccdl k ccdl h iH buffalo

’
, , . .
, .
o
’
g - gu oc-dou e-
n to taste good
’
app , to be sweet ;
-gu oc .
un explained ; app -dou e exc essively ; -n ] yH Q g

.
- c- u ccd o u ’
.
’
’
en it tastes awfully good t o me
, .
*’
Ug
-h
’
oc to bri n g ’
a n,d give [ app h oc to b ri n g ] C p m -
H h oc .
’
, . .
* ’ ’
.
yH give it to me ! =
yH give it to me !
’ ’
-k oc-dl un real poten ti al parti c le u explai ed -
[H
’
H k dl ] Cp
’
, n, n ; oc . .
dl p k iH day before yesterday

-t o u d e i-
’ ’
k ‘
Hk ccd l t a t cc
'
’ ’ ’
Qc cc , .
y o u dl d cc if he had c ome I would have killed

ng c h e ig c c - O u b c ch - ’ ’
, ,
him (n otic e Hk ccdl in prot o ub cce in ’ ’

cg k ccd l t a -
ei .
,
’ ’ ’ ’
,
n - h o u dl d cc if he had c o m e I would have killed h im

’
, Hk ccd l , .
’ ’
h cgn n t -k o u pb e i - h
‘
i -t d cc if I had n o t run ’ ’ ’
ci e g cc ci e i , ,
away he wo ul d have c aught me é i—tont H e n eg cgk ccdl H dl

, .
’ ‘ ’ ’
Q Ht H e when he s poke to me I S poke to him

-t ‘
n , , .
cg k ccdl - t c u pd e i-k iH day before yesterday = t o u pd e i-k iH

’ ’ ‘ ‘
, ,
app un real particle ; t ou p-dei before fro n t ; k iH day]

.
, ,
‘
, .
p k iH h ei m she died day before yesterday

-t c u d e i-
’ ’
H k ccd l ‘ ’
, .
’
e
’
-m -
ci p un c t n e e ; c ur s ;
fut .
fut n e g ; cg m imp cgm h e idl in fer .
’ ’
, .
’
,
.
BU RE AU OF AM E RI C AN HNOLOGY
’
ET
to make ; also as c ausative verb p o s t po un d [Tewa -’ 6-

g Ij ,
c ausative ver b p o s t p o un d to make] The passive is ’
cgm n
‘
,
.
,
cgm d oc q v F or p re p o un d form cp d cce — cgm -kiH me di c in e-m an ;

’ ’
. .
,
.
,
c i-
’
ko u dl-cgm -d cc pear lit n e c ked frui t ; p iH-cgm -tou e kit c hen ;
’ ’ ’
.
, , ,
tou— cgm -lEiH shoemaker

’
h cgn d e i qcm cg he is doin g some
, .
’ ’
,
thing h ogu y H-h H e g cc h cgnd e i

. I do n o t kn ow what ’
he is doin g d ei I made it h cgn d é i

. I did n o t .
make it I am n o t makin g it d ei ,
I am makin g it (here .
cg m cg but pun c t n e g h e ig cc m iH n d ei I am about

’ ’
. .
,
to make it d ei I shall make it (in apod frequ en tly I

. .
woul d make it ) h cgn d ei I shall no t make it . cz

cg cc .
’
béi you make it yourself ! poue b é it don t make it ! ’
heit b eit let us make it ! heit poue b é it let us n o t

make it kt i H é i .
-dei
n -b
Q H I saw the m an who
’ ’
,
w as makin g it I saw the m an making it kt - c m h e idl -dei ’

i
’ ’
iH
, é g .
-b i saw the ade it

n og I k t tou idl -dei ’
h i h
’
m an w
, o m H ccm e .
n on I saw the (s or t pl ) hous e (s ) which the m an had

-b
, . .
made kt i H t o u H .
i- ccm h e idl -dei n n—b
é i on I s aw the two
’ ’ ’
,
houses whi ch the m an had made kt i H s oc d e i e idl n .

’ ’ ’
-dei
n b Q H I saw the m an w h o did (or had do n e
-
’ ’
H eim , ,
or has do n e ) a great work (it was stated that if the syll able
e i is len gthen ed the meaning is c hanged to w as about to
-m “
,
h e ig cc n t I make it all the time z e ipg cc .
d ei I made a bow t s eig u ccn t s ein-tou I I-cgm h e idl -dei .

’ ’ ’
-bou I saw the dog that they had made of mud k o u pd e i

‘
n .
éi
’
th ey t pl (Mex ic an s ) inj ured (lit did ) m e mu ch (by . .
stealin g my lan d ) t s H t b ei close the door ! (t s H t door ; the

.
,
idiom soun ds like make the door ! = t s H t b é i-t S o u ! “
-c -n -c
g
’ ’
i fut ;
-o h
g in c omp ) in t cgm to meas ure ; .
’
.
*
t ou l -bH to taste of
’
.
’
H H-t ’
app ‘
a v arI an t form O f cg
.m —t
Hm d e i left
’ ’
,
.
’
og -
’
z cign punc t n e g ; fut ; fut . . .
H onn im p ; Hz cnnh e idl infer ) to walk go travel start

’ ’ ’ ’
ne g ; z ,
.
,
.
, , ,
[ app cgn foot ; z oun to pull (out ) Al so in hou

’
. to , .
travel (o ff ) e t c ] h e ig cc cim — cg o n (the c hild or c ripple ) is

.
’ ’ ’
already w al king h e ig cc d é i I am already walkin g . .
k Y Hh i c c y t
‘
H h e ig cc e im
’
to -morrow the soldiers .
’
are g c m g to g o po u e b e I 1 let us n o t go !
. . 2 . .
do n t ye t pl go ! heit b ei-k ou
’
. let us go let us w alk ‘
,
.
d ei I wen t away w al ked O ff started o ff left , , ,

.
’
H prefix ed to 2md an d 3 rd perso n poss essive forms of c ertain rela
t io nshi p terms in H -k cc k cc your (spl ) mother ; H -t s cc d e i hi s or
’ ’ ’ ’
, , .
,
their mother ; H -k Q Hm your (spl ) frien d ; H -t s HyiH your (spl ) ’

,
.
’
,
.
patern al aun t Cp -ci my or our prefixed to l s t perso n po sses . .

, ,
sive forms .
w w m on
-
} VO CA B ULARY or K I O WA LANGUA GE 31
in H H t
’ ’ ’
H
-H in
’
p temple lo ck ;
’
-’
oc H ,
earrin g - -
t cc H
’ ’
,
.
H -H - t -d cc (in an II ; H -H -dl lump exc resc enc e [ H un e x

’ ’ “ ’ ’ ’
,
.
,
plain ed ; -H -t as in p oc- H -t-doup ball ; e t c -d cc] Cp m H-H -t-d oc “ ’

, . . .
’
,
lum p o n the nose ; ou-H -t -d cc thr oat lump e t c H t cc

’ ’
, , .
’ ’
d ei-b og I saw the lump ,

.
H- dl additio n al or adversative parti cle more moreover also

’
, , , , ,
either When used with the particle k ccdl (see exam ples below )
.
,
H dl takes se c o n d positio n [ cp possibly t S H -dl additio n al parti cle ;

’
.
,
y H -dl optative ,
parti c le] A pp al s o in H dl -d H ba ckward . .
’
,
repeated again k ccdl H dl s y H d cc d cc t cc an d she is go ing

,
.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
to bear some more children k t i c c H dl h cgn y H .

“ ’ ’
tomorrow I shall no t kn ow h cc k ccdl H dl t Q H do you wan t so m e .

’ ‘
,
more water ? h cc k ccdl H dl do you wan t some more ? h og n e i n o ’

,
’
,
H m H dl gy rI
’
you are o n
’
e -eyed h cgn H - u cc u
ig g
’
.
’
ccd cc n og n eg H dl h cgn H
’ ’
im if you do n o t h it me I
’
,
will no t hit you ejh ccd e i d og m n H dl n . as o n earth

’ ’ ’
.
’
H- dl in H dl-d H ba c kward aga in [ app
’
H dl additio n al parti cle] , .
’
, .
’
H- dl to drive pre p o und form of H-dl-e i to c has e several in H dl-d o u
,
’
, ,
’ ’
,
to herd ; H dl -h cc to drive ; H dl -h e ib cc to dri v e in ; H dl -k u cct to put

’
,
’
.
,
’ ‘
,
out H dl -t o ud cc to roun d up (c attle ) ; H dl-t e ip to drive out

’
,
’ ‘
, .
H -dl in H dl -cc to play c ards

’ ’
, .
H-
’
dl in H dl -cgm n to gran t ’ ’
,
.
-H -dl
’
-H -t roun d in H -H t -d cc lump ; d cc-H t -d cc bu cket
’
,
’ ’
,
’
, ,
kettle ; h cg -H t-n buffalo fish ; kcc— H t -d cc dish p oc

’ ’
temple ;
,
’
,
‘
— H t -dou - bal possibly -dou bic eps]

l;
‘ ’
[ p
’" ’
p oc p e t c c c c ,
. .
, .
H dl -cc to play c ards [ H dl un explain ed ; cc to play]

’ ’
Cp t
’ ’
, oc , . .
,
play g c ard
i n - d ei -H dl . I am goin g to play ’
c ards .
H dl -
’
cc -g oc (s’
also H dl -a -b cc in an II
; .
; H dl -cc d l
p ; H dl
’
-cc in
’
.
’ ’
, .
’ ’
wild pl um fruit plum ; apple B ut c an n o t be applied , .

,
e g to pea ch orange e t c [ app H —dl roun d ; -Oc un explain ed ;

. .
, , . .
’ ’ ’
- oc] C -H dl cc-p eip persimmon tree ; s ei

t
’
dl
’ ’ ‘
g p . H .
,
pri ckly pear fruit H dl cc g cc d ei- b Q u I saw the apple .

’ ’
, .
H d la -
’
p eip (in aa I ) wild plum bus h [p eip bush] H d lcc -t ou
’ ‘
,
‘
, .
’ ’ ‘
apple j uic e cider [ t Q H water j uic e] ,

‘
, , .
H dl -
’
cgm n to gran t [ H dl un explain ed ; cgm n ]
, poue cim ’ ’ ’
H dl don t s ay yes don t gran t it ! n a H -H dl - cgm n

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, ,
I gran ted it I agreed , .
H dl - b oc to drive [b oc t o brin g]
’ ’ ’
, , .
H dl - d H ba c kward ; repeated again in p oue-t e idl -H d ld H -g u ccn to

’ ‘ ’ ’
, , ,
turn somersault ; H d ld H to repeat ; H dl d H -k cc t o u a ’ ’ ’ ’

,
repeated sun dan c e [ app H -dl addition al particle ; -d H ] Cp cc -b oc .

’
, . .
’ ’
,
repeatedly .
32 BURE AU OF AME RI C AN E TH NOLOGY [ BULL 34
’
H d ld H to repeat [ to do again ] o u e ig cc n .
’
H d ld H
’
they t pl repeated it . .
H d ld H -
’
k cc t o u (in an I ) a repeated s un dan c e ; see Moo n ey p 2 7 9
’ ’
.
, ,
. .
H dl -dou to herd [ H dl to dri ve ; t s eig cc d é i I

’ ’ ’
,
herded the horses .
dl -dou -iH (an I ) member of the order of H dl -tou -yue the t pl

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
,
.
form bein g translated by Moon ey p 2 3 0 as Y oun g (wil d ) Sheep , .

,
“
[ app H dl -dou to herd ; iH child ; j udgin g from the explan atio n

.
’ ’
,
’
,
given by Moon ey the word may mean herded lamb moun tain , ,
sheep lam b] .
H dl -h cc ( Hdl -h ccb cc pun c t n e g ; H dl fut ; H dl-b i oc fut ;

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
. .
H dl -h n uccd cc fut n e g ; H dl-h cc to drive [ H dl to dri v e ;

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
, ,
h oc to brin g] k i e idl d é i I drove them (t pl c ows

’ ‘
,
. .
,
c hi c ken s ) ; c p k i e idl d ei I d rove the c ows (home ) ‘

.
,
brought them in k t i c c h cgn d ei— H dl-h n u ocd cc to -m orrow .

‘ ’ ’ ’
,
I shall n o t drive them .
H dl-h e ib cc to drive in [ H dl to chase several ; h e ib cc to c arry in]

’
,
’
, .
d é i— H dl —h e ib cc I drove them (the horses ) in (in to the barn ) ;

’
,
but d é i-h e ib cc I c arried them (t pl an m in ) in , . . . .
H dl-
’
iH -d cc (in an II ) ; H dl -iH bowstring [ H -dl un explain ed ’ ’
,
.
,
but ep possibly Tewa n bow ; un explain ed ; w -iH cp po ss ibly

.
’ ‘
,
.
’
.
-e -b cc string -
y H ; d cc] ,
.
H dl -k u cct ( H dl -k u ccd cc pun c t n e g ; H dl k u ccdl d cc f ut ; H dl-k u ccdl

’ ‘ ’ “ ’
.
’ ‘ ’
,
’ ‘
,
im p to put out refl go out [ H dl to drive ; k u cct to p ull out]

.
, . .
’ ‘
, .
n -H dl - k u cct I put hi m out ; H -H dl -k u ccdl put him out !

’ ‘
,
’ ’ ‘
,
H dl -t o u d cc
’
pun c t n e g ; H dl t o u d e id cc fut E di tou .
’ ’
,
.
’
d cc d cc fut ne g ; H dl t o u d e i to roun d up [ H dl to drive ;

’ ’ ’ ’
, .
,
t o u d cc to pi c k up gather] , ,
.
H dl -t e ip ( H dl
’ ‘
pun c t n e g ; H dl-k i cc fut ; H dl
’
.
’ ’
, .
’
to put out drive o u t [ H dl to drive ; t e ip to c arry out] ,

’ ‘
,
.
ki e idl n yesterday I put him out (e g dog

‘
. .
out of house bull out in p asture ) k i e idl h cgn d é i , .

‘
gu oc yesterday I did n o t put them t pl out k t n cc h ogu

’
, . .
‘
d ei to -morrow I am n o t goin g to put them t pl out . .
b é it let us put them out !

-H dl -t out in e i-p H e
’ ‘
c orn c ul tivator [ H dl
,
to drive ;
’ ‘ ’
-t out ‘
,
H-
’
e pun c t n e g ; H e gc up c urs ; H e d cc fut ) to run go .
’
,
.
’ ’
,
.
,
[ Tewa H to r u n ] C p k o u pb
’
e i- He to run ; t onm H e to c ome
,
. .
‘ ’
, ,
as a fugitive ; o ut t S Hy iH -H e to swin g in tr in a swing ; p o u p ’ ’

, .
‘
t H dl -H e to tie a kn ot (in e n d of thread ) g cgp -H e to swap ; t S Hn d e i

‘ ’ ’
, , , ,
to run t s eih iH t H yH
.
-H e my dog wen t o ff mn cc
’ ’
,
.
-H e d cc I am going to swin g high -H e d cc I am

n t
’ ’ ’
n t d on m ,
.
,
go ing to go down (said by m an in airship ) ko ndei n t-H e d cc I .

,
am going to run swiftly .

ga m m a] VOCABULARY OF K I OWA L AN GUAGE 33
’
H -e inei
’
leaf
H e -d ; ig ’
oc potato
— oc
g , ; H e - iH - cc will ow s
p g p
’
- -
H e piH c
’ '
,
’
, .
H -e in H e - s e j to be smoky [ H as in H -n sm oke ; -e i]
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
, ,
’
He H y- q ei
c m to ’
make ’
ru n d
’
é i-H - m
y H ej I spun it , .
’ ’ ’
,
(the top ) .
’
- -
H e d ei g oc ( i n a n
’
II ; H e - d ei
- n leaf .
[ H -e app as i n
’
H e i
p gH - oc
,
’
.
’
,
will ow sp ; —d ein possibly = d e in to ngue] .

,
H e d e i g cc d é i , .
’
b Q H I saw the leaf,

.
H e piH -c i goup (in an II ) potato plan t [ app will ow fruit plan t]

’ ' ’
— . .
, .
’
H e piH -ci-
‘
g oc ( in a n
’
II ; H e p iH -e i potato [ H
. e piH app will ow’ ’
,
’
.
sp ; e i-g oc fruit]
’
.
.
,
’
H e piH -e i-p o u dl (
’
an II ; R e p i n - c i-pou t - d cc t l
p ; H e f
.) i H - e i-pou di ’ ’
, .
’ ’
in potato b ug
He- - oc in an II - iH willow s p This is a low willow
p g (
’
i
’
”
H ; H e p .
,
.
sp whi c h grows alo n g the ban ks of c reeks [ said to mea n goes up “

.
an d ben ds over : app as in H e -d e i -g oc leaf ; w -f) iH cp ’ ’ ’

He .
, . .
-dei down down stream - oc Cp s ei a larger will ow

p i H , ; g ] , . .
s p ; H e f> iH - e ig cc potato
’ ’
.
.
,
He- i -bei- oc in an II - iH -bei parti le -o f poll en [ H e

(
’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
p H g ; H e p c .
,
app as in H e -d ei -g oc leaf or perhaps as in H e -s ej-n to be

.
’ ’
, ,
’
,
smoky ; -p iH -bei un explain ed ; -g oc] ‘

He- p iH b e ig cc d ei-bou .
’ ‘
I saw o n e grainle t of pollen .
’
He- s ei (H e -s e jg cc pun c t n e g H e—seid cc fut ; H e ’
, fut .
,
’ ’
, .
’
.
n e g ) to be smoky [ H as in H - smoke -e i s c to s mell ’

, n ; ; i , ,
Cp H e -s e i-n s moke ; H -n smoke H e -s e i it is smoky

’ ’ ’ ’
.
, ,
.
, .
n ej it is smoky it is n o t smoky
-H e s ’
h cgn n
, . .
n it is goin g to be smoky h cgn n .
it is n o t go in g to be smoky p iH n t -H e s ei the fire is sm oking .

‘ ’
, .
’
H e- S e i-cgm n to get smoky
’
, h e ig cc n -H es si
_
.
’
it is goin g to get smoky .
’
H e -s e i- n ( in a n III ; H e -s
ei in .s moke [ H e -s ei to be ’ ’
,
sm oky ; -n ] He - s e in n . t -b
on I s aw the smoke
’
, .
in the s m oke
’
H e sei .
H e s e j—t H d cc to s hut in smoke [ t H d cc to shut in ]

’ ’ ’
, , .
t H dl (in an II ) persimmo n tree [Ar apaho wil d plU

’
m .
,
tree] .
t -H dl -K -H t -d cc t l Arapaho
*’
IH (a n I ; I I h y p t H dl in
.
’ =
, .
’
m an [ H e -t i un explain ed ; -kiH ; s e e disc ussion by Moo n ey

’
,
p .
’
H -iH -
’
dei his or their child Cp iH c hil d
, . .
’
, .
’
H- k oc-e (an II ; H -k oc -e -gu oc . hawk sp [un explain ed] Cp
’
, . . .
’
c cc-k Q H-n c cc-t He hawk sp s
‘ ’
, , .
’
c ce -k Q H-n ( a
‘
n II ; c cc -k
QH a blacki sh hawk sp
.
’ ‘
.
Said to fly abo u t the tops of trees [ dark hawk .
c cc- t He (an II ; c cc- t He- hawk sp [whi t e h awk

'
’ ’
'
m cg .
, .
34 BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (nu t . 34
’
H k cc-
- ’
k oc y our (sp l ) mother ,
C p t s cc mother ; my or . . .
,
-
kcck cc e
’ ’
,
our mother ; k oc mother v o c ; H -t s cc-dei h is or their mother ’

, , .
’ ’
,
[ H as in
’
H -t s oc d e 1 his or their mother -k cc k cc as in k cck oc-e
; ;
’ ’ '
’ ’ ’
,
my or our mother] c ck cc gy I -d cc it is your (s ) mother .

’ ’ ’
r ,
. .
H k oc k cc m a c-d oc it is your (d ) mother H k a k cc b c c-d cc it is

’ ’ ’ ’
. .
, ,
yo u r (t pl ) mother . .
H— o u dl-k a -dei (m é i-o u dl -k6t -dei d ; b ei-o u dl -koc-g oc

’ ’ ’
whore ’ ’
,
.
’ ’
, ,
lit o ne having a load o n e havin g something attached to her

.
,
[ o u dl ( in a
’
n III ) load ; k cc to lie ;
-dei
] .
, ,
.
H p-t ou (in an II ; H p-t ou- blackbird sp [said to mean

’ ‘ ’ ‘ “
g oc .
,
.
somewhat faded
-H t in d cc-H t -d cc; e t c see -H dl
’ ’
.
Ht -d cc (in an II ; H- dl d pl ; H -dl in playing c ard [ cp

’ “ ’ ’
. .
, .
H dl-cc to play c ards]

’ ’
.
H- t cc-h oc e (in an III ) 1 war bo nn et ; 2 dor s al fin of fish (so

'
’
. . . .
c alled be c ause it stan ds up like a w ar- bo nn et ) [ un explained] Cp . .
c rest h H o udei n -s ocdl they ’

.
,
t pl have war bo nn ets o n

. .
H- t s ec -dei ( H -ts et -g oc his or their mother Cp tsa mother ;

’ ’ ’ ’
,
. .
,
[ H as i n
’
H —k cck cc your spl
( ) mother ;
’
t s a mother ;
-dei] ’
,
.
,
.
H t s cc d e i II - d cc it is his mother H t s cc d e i m é i-d cc it is their (d )

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ '
’
.
, ,
.
mother H t S Oc d e i b é i-d cc it is their (t pl ) mother

.
’ ’
, . .
H -t s Hy - iH your (spl ) patern al aun t [ H prefix ed to 2n d an d 3 rd

’ ’
,
.
perso n possessive forms ; t sHy -iH my o ur his or their patern al , , ,
aun t] .
3}
I
I
!
form of H -d oc stick
p d
re p o un
’ ’
,
.
3
m
l
form of H -g cc -t feather
pre p o un d
’ ’ ’
,
.
3
m in H -n
l
smoke ; H -n to be dust
’ ’
-d cc to be dewy
,
’ ’
, , .
H in H -dei a kin d of medi cin e b ag

’ ’ ’ ’
,
H in H-H sour
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
-H n p H - H -g oc in o n e pla c e
i
’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
-H ’
sour in t Q n-H— cg -m cg lemo n - H unexplain ed ; - Qc ‘ ’ ’ ’
,
’ ’ ’ ’
c v to be sweet] Cp d e i-S H dl to be sour

. . .
, .
H -b ccdl h cc (in an III ) 1 tim bered hill ; 2 a plcn

’ ’ ’
. . . .
,
.
Moon ey p 3 9 1 [b ccdl h cc hill ] , .

’
,
.
H -b H -k ne H -b H -kHe-d cc, H-
b H -kHe-m cg, t pl ; H-
b H -kne
’ ’ ’ ’
( an . II ; ’ ’ ’ ’
.
in woodpe cker sp [ explain ed as mean ing the o n e that .
spirals up a bough ; H stick bough cp H -bou-g ot t bough ; ’ ’

, ,
.
’ ’ ’
,
- bH -k e
u u n explain ed ] C p ccdl- u ccdl
g woodpe c ker sp ; , . . .
’
,
.
ky H e -ccdl -g u ccdl woodpe c ker sp ’

, .
’
H -bou -g oc-
’
t (in an II ; H -bou -n bough or limb of tree [w
’
.
’ ’
,
.
- bou cp po ssibly t Q n-bout shin ; Cp p o udl bran ch

.
‘
,
.
‘
,
.
36 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (3 m . 34
’
H-
’
H shower
hout- c omes smoke ;
,
hout —
H to c ome ] , .
n
f
- H -hout -
H rai n is’
c o m in
’
g lit smoke (referri n g to m isty , ,
.
appearanc e ) is c oming .
a -
t d l -
t in c otto n wood
’ ’
’ -
H h y ne (
’
in n II ; H p ; H .
’ ’
,
.
tree [real tree] H h iH-n at the c otto n wood tree .

’ ’
, .
E -i n i cc plcn t all trees c reek ; see Moon ey p 3 9 3 [k iHn jH

’ ’ ’
,
.
, , .
,
lo ng tall] ,
.
’
-
H k He (
’
II -k —d’
a ame whi h of the inform ’ ’
”
a
4
n ; H n cg cc n .c o n e ,
an ts onc e heard applied by an old In dian to the O ld -world lio n at

a circ us [ translated stays in the timber but -k ue is app d im in u “
,
’
.
tive of kue wolf] ’

,
.
’
H -lEcc H t
’
II ; H -k cc H dl
’
wooden bowl or dish [ Rcc t c ’ ’ ’
,
’
g
dish] .
’
H -Ecg p o u dl (an II ; H -
’ ’
c p
‘
o u t -d cc exc resc enc e o n tree [wood .
’ ’ ’ ’
,
wart]
”
.
H -kcg d e i sm al l bird Sp The feathers are blac kish an d shiny ;

’ ’ ’
.
,
c all ed swallow by o n e in forman t [bad wood o n e said to be so

“
,
c alled be c ause the bird makes its n est in bad wood ] Cp t o u dl . .
kog d e i b ird sp
’
.
,
H -ko u -t ( H -Eo ut d cc c urs ; H - to smoke tr -ko u-t ’

’ ’
Eo udl d a ’ ’
, .
’ ’
,
.
,
unexplain ed] h e ig cc n Q H -Eo u t d a I am smoking him .

’ ’
,
right n o w n I smoked him n -H-ko u dl d cc I am

. .
’ ’ ’
,
going to smoke hi m .
H -k oge (i n an II ) bark [ tree skin] Cp och iH-k oge c edar bark

’ ’ ‘ ’ ‘
,
. . .
,
.
-H ed - oc in an II ’
- H e d e jn d pl ) petal [flower leaf]
(
’
ei g ; .
,
. .
H -k i H-g oc (in an II ; s al s o H - H- k j H-b oc; H - k i H-n

’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’
k iH “ ’ ‘ ’ ’
. .
,
d pl ; H -k i H in . flower [ app H sti ck plan t ; k i H to

’ ’ ‘ ’
.
’ ’
,
‘ ’
,
bloom] .
- cc -
(in an III ) stamen [flower fuzz]
‘ ’
p n .
, .
H -k ou parti cle hell o good -bye how n e w [ c p k ou no w ; H-hou

’ ’ ‘ ‘ ’
, , , ,
.
,
thanks] H- k ou hell o (said in greetin g to a perso n who

.
’ ’ ‘
,
arri ves ) .
H -k y H -p og- - adv through the whole night [ un explain ed

’ ’ ‘ ‘
e n , .
,
’
H -p cc -d H ,
’ ’
to be c rippled [ un p lain ed] tei k ou-t o u dl lEy H .
‘
’
H
n he is all CIi p ple d up .
II -piH p rsn of the presen t head c hief of the K iowas [ un e x

’ : ’
.
plain ed] .
*’
H - ‘
cct -
p
’
d cc(i n a n II ; d l
p ; H -
p ccd l in sin gle fiber .
’ -
H p ccdl ,
‘ ’
.
’ ’ ‘
of blade of feather [feather hair] H -p ccdl is applied to blade of .

’ ’ ‘
feather stripped from quill d ei —d cce cc I st ri pped blade

g .
,
from quill d é i -d cce d e id cc I am goin g to strip blade from

.
’
,
q uflL
’
H -s ah y e i-g oc
’
i(n an II ; H s cch y e i, d pl ; H -s ah y e i in
- ’ ’
.
’ ’
. alfalfa
plant [ gree n pla n t ] C p
’
H
’
s cch y e i-d e js e id l, rag weeds . . .
— ’
H -s cch y e i,
’
alfal fa
A
H RRIN TO N] G VOCABULARY OF KI O WA LANGUAGE 37
’
H
’
s cch y e i-d e SH j dl (d pl .
; s . no t obtain ed ) ragweeds ; , se e Moon ey ,
p [ b itter green plan ts]

. 3 95 .
’
H —s Hn e j (an II ;
’ 7
H -s H n -
’
ou-p .
9 ’
, bullsn ake ; 2 bull '
1 . .
(m al e of c attle ) eviden tly so , c alled from E n g influen c e [wood .
sn ake] .
*’
H -
se is
’
e i- (app
g oc in a n I ; t l
p ; H -s e is e i in . .
’
H-
’
s e is e i, .
’ ’
wooden arro w p o in t [ wooden arrowhead]

'
K -se ise i—p oc ple n wooden arro wp o in t c reek s e e Moo n ey p 3 9 5

’ ’ ’
.
, , ,
. .
- ’ -
H s ei o rg g et t (in a n II ; H - s ei o Hn- d ’
p ;l H -s e i Q u in c omp .
’
,
.
’ ’
.
plan t sp Desc ribed as growing five feet tall an d having sm all

.
blac k seeds which the In dian s put in their clo thing as perfume
[s tron g smellin g plan t] .
E —t cce — cit -dei prsn ; see Moo n ey p 3 92 [so c alled be c ause he

’ ’ ’
,
. .
,
lived at E -t oce-e it d e i Pcc ple n q

’ ’ ’
, .
, .
H -t cce -e it d e i Pcc plcn ; s e e M oon ey p 3 9 2 [ explain ed by Moo n ey

’ ’ ’
,
.
, .
as big tree c reek ; -t cce un explain ed] .
H -t cgn—poc ple n timber gap c reek ; see Moon ey p 39 2 [wood gap

’ ’ ’
. .
, ,
c reek] .
H- t H b cc (in an H t H d pl ; H t H dr awkn ife ’ ’

in ’
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
.
,
wo o d ; t H app a verb ] ’
. .
H -tou (in an .I ) wooden ho u se fra me house

’ ’
.
, ,
E -t o n H -poc ple n ; see Moo n ey p 3 9 2 [ timber win d b rak e c reek]

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
. .
, , .
H -t o ub y n e ple n
’
a cir cular open ing in the tim ber acc to
’
,
.
, , .
Moo n ey p 3 9 2 [ c p to u-b y n e c irc ular c amp c ircle]

,
. .
’
,
.
H —t ccs H -h a - (app i a III wedge [ w od plit ro -S H

o
)
’ ’ ’
n n n o s I n : t oc . .
, ,
to split .
H t ak cce (an II ; H -t cc k cce -o u —p t pl

’ ’ ‘
do nkey [ tim ber mule]
.
’ ’ ’ ‘
, . .
-t r -b oc in an II d pl plan e [wood smoother

(
’
—’ ’
ge cgm
c H —t c
ge g ; .
, .
H wood ; t oge ccm ei to smooth -b oc]

,
’
, .
H - t oge-t e idl (in an III ) clearin g [ H timber ; t oge to be sm ooth ;

’ ‘
.
, ,
t e idl un explain ed prob related to t H to cu t sever al]

‘ ‘ ’
.
, , .
,
H - t He- m cg (in an II ; H -t He d pl ; H -t He in syc amore tree “ ’ ’ ’

. .
,
[whi te tree]
”
.
H -t cct -b H -t
’ ’ ‘
-d cc in an II -t t -b H -t i d l —t cct b H -t l
’ ‘
(
’ ’ “
; H o p ; H “
g .
,
.
c hair [ explain ed as wood whic h o n e sits o n : H wood ; ’ ’

in _
,
w t oc—t cp t a .
‘
to s e cct ; -b H -h H —dl un explain ed ; -d cc]
f
.
‘ ’
.
d ei I am goi ng to sit o n the c hair .
H -t H t - d cc (in an II ; H - auger for

’ ’ ’
t H d l d pl ; H —t H dl in
’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘
. .
,
borin g wood [wood borer] Cp h cg -t t cc drill for m etal . .

’ ‘
,
.
H -t H -b oc (in an II ; H d pl ; H -t H in c o m p ) saw
’ ’ i ’ “ ’ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’
. . .
wood ; t H to ou t several ; -b oc] ‘ ’

, .
}
H -t Hn (in an II ) tass el (of C o m ) [ H stick plan t ; -t H-n un e x
’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘
.
, , ,
plain ed] H -t Hn d ei-b og I saw the tassel

. H -t Hn n H in
’ ’ “
,
.
’ ’ ‘
b et I s aw the d tas s els , H —t Hn n —b on I s aw the t pl t ass els . .

’ ’ ‘
, . .
H-
’
t on tree s ap [ tree water]
’ ‘ ’
, .
38 BU R E AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY 34
(in an II ) wooden iclub Cp h og t ou, t omahawk,

- lit metal
‘ ’
H -t Q H
’ ’ ' “
. . .
.
c lub .
’
H-
’
t i(n a II ;
-b cc’-t wooden flute (mad e of c edar
n .
’
H-t Q H-b H ,
wood ) ; it was stated that a Kiowa boy n amed Turkey k nows how
to make these flutes [ og t -b ot t flute ] C p t S o u dl t ei m -t onb cc t ’
,
. .
‘ ’ ’
,
w ingb o n e whistle .
’
H -t ondei (an II ;
’ ‘
H -t Q H-g oc . 1 woode n
. leg ; 2 woode n ’ ’ ’
,
. .
legged [ ou t -dei leg ] H -‘

t QH d e i woode n -legged,
m an .
’ ’ ‘
, ,
-t -d cc I have a wooden leg

= H -t d i éi
‘ ’
ki ’ ’
d i
’ ’ ‘
on e H H QH e .
,
.
H- t s oig bulb sp The bulb whi ch is des c ribed as having a thick

'
’ ’
, .
,
rin d an d a white c en ter was peeled an d eaten raw [ H stick ,

’ ’
,
plan t ; t s on said to be the same as { on g ec t down feather]

’
in S ,
-
,
.
E -d l d H ple n see Moo n ey p 3 2 0[ timber bluff]

’ ’
. .
,
.
, ,
H - -S H e timber bl uff w in ter se e Moo n ey p 3 2 0[ S H e year]

d l d
’ ’
H , , ,
.
,
.
’
H-
’
zout (in an I ) drif twood [ zou c urren t flows ]
.
,
.
’
H urs ; neg H a ;
’
,
’
H d o up ,
’
c .
fut n e g ; H imp .
’
to c ome [ Tewa H to c ome] Cp
,
.
; Hh e idl ,
’ ’ ‘
,
. .
t i— H to be in a hurry ; hou— H to travel alo n g ; h on-p Q H-H to

’ ’ ’
,
so un d alo ng ; KlH -H to c ome to get firewood ; t cg-H to feel an gry ’ ’

,
.
H H I am c omin g ’
H ,
I shall c o m e k t n cc d -H .
’ ‘ ’
(for d H éim you c ome tomorrow

’
! H i H c ome ! c ome
m - ’ ’
,
here ! H-b ou -Ha I am c omin g all the time h cgn H

’ ’
, .
’
I shall n o t c ome poue é im do n t c o m e ! gue H he is .

’ ’ ’
c o m in g behin d (us ) = gue d c c-H he is c omin g behin d us ,

.
’
H
-m in depen den t person al pro n oun you your spl [ Tewa
, , , ,
.
you s ; H-Ij you .

’
yi
‘
e i Hm , you two tei Hm all ’
,
.
’
,
of you Hm tou n -b Q H I s aw your house

.
’
,
.
’
H- m app a parti cle
, .o u e id e i d cc t s e it Hm kt iH .
’ ’ ’
h cc n -dei that is the dog that the m an got O u e ig cc é i- d cc

’ ’ ’
, .
t s e ih y o up Hm Et é i -h - oc those are the t l dogs

’ ’ ’ ’
iH cc n g p ,
.
that the m an got .
in Hm -g u ccdl -d oc d e i a c en t
’ ’ ’
H —m ,
.
- u ccdl -d oc d e i in an I
) a c en t [ explain ed as meanin g the red
’
(
’
m
H g .
,
o ne ; H -m u n explai n ed ]
’
=
H n - H t cch cce —s ccdl- dei a c en t .
’ ’ ’
, .
’
-n part icle always at an t ime with ever C bei -t i ’
H , y ; , n e g n p , ei n . . .
dei n ever , kt h
i H g H ci
c n n . m -dei
n og -b i ’ ’ ’
,
I s aw the m an wh o n ever sings H c

n im -k cct d cc t s e ih iH he is a .
’ ’
.
,
dog wh o is always biting the people é 1 t -h e id e i-t Q Hk cgm -ts ei Hn .

’ ‘ ’
cit when (ever ) we speak of them we c all’
them kt iH T m tou n bou -t cc the m an stays ’ ’

,
at home all the tim e H-t cc n og y H e b cc Hn t n -p ou e I heard

'
’ ’ ’
.
,
the rope break Hn é jm .

’ ’
t hey c all them k oc g oc Hn TY Z H t qc h o up é im those others

‘
’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
m u mm n] VOCABULA RY OF K I OWA LANGUAGE 39
they c all j (H) h cc Hn é im IXz H t Hh o up they swim

’ ’
.
’ ’ ’
right here ’ ’
- "
n g oc Hn e im k cc t cct d cc I H a swimmin g pla c e
- ’
.
’ ’
h cgn
‘
(H )
’
n d ei-
g u ccpg cc
’
I n ever fall dow n e id e i h H t s ou
’
Hn t .
’ ’
k qcm cg how do you c all ston e (li t ston es ) in your language ?

‘ ’
.
,
h e ig cc é i b Q H dei heia
- for heiga -t
H ) é l oH -t t cc, he spoke to
’ ’ ‘
-
(
’
:n
me when ever he saw me .
-dei
H — H t cch cce - dl (in an I ) a c en t [ that whic h has the war
’ ’ ’
n s cc .
,
bonn et o n] = Hm -guccdl-d cc-dei a c en t .

’ ’
, .
’
H referri
’
n g to dreami n g sleepi n g in H b on to see in dream ;
-
, ,
’ ’
,
to wake ; H y iH dream
- ’ - ’ ’
H ei
n t r ,
.
,
.
-
H
’
in p
’
o u dl - —h
H H i c otto n tail
‘
rabbit ’ ’
,
.
’
—b
H on
’
to see in dream ,
to dream of -
g iH n kt j Hn ,
.
’
Hb oH last n ight I dreamt about a m an

’ ’
.
,
’
Hn- ’
punc t n e g ; fut fut ne g ) to . . .
, .
T pl c orrespo n den t O f both Hn an d k cc to lie is ku ccd l ’ ’

sit . .
, ,
[H as’
in T e
’
w cc H -I
j to S it ;
-
n ] H I am s ittin g
’
,
.
’
,
I am seated h ocn H I am no t sittin g k t n cc H

.
’
.
‘ ’
I am goin g to be seated to m orrow h cgn H .

’
I am no t going to be seated poue H im don t be sittin g .

’ ’
down ! Hn he is sittin g down h cg n ej h cgn ’ ’

n o he is
,
.
’
, ,
n o t seated D a kiH p Hn -m H Hn the G reat Spirit is in heaven

.
’ ‘ ’ ’ ’
,
.
’
-
H ci
n - ’
to wake tr [cp H referrin g to dreamin g .
,
’ ’
,
sleep ] Cp t H e to wake in tr .
Hm :n é j . you woke me ,
.
’
up Hm m Hy i (H ) y iH m é jn H j H ej ye d women woke me up
J n
’ ’
. . .
,
o u e id e i d ei t
’
he woke us d up Hm n é in I woke . .
’
you o u e id e i H Hn
. he woke him
’ ’
.
-
H y iH (
’ ’
in a n III ) a dream [ H y iH un explain ed]
- .
,
’ ’
, .
b oc
’
pun c t ne g ; b cgnm cg c urs ; b ccd cc fut ; fut .
, .
’ ’
, . .
n e g ; b oc to brin g [Tewa m H to bring] Cp h oc to brin g ;

,
‘
,
. .
’
,
k og u to brin g ’
h e ig cc n —b cc I brought it (e g a book )
,
.
’
, . .
w ith me h cgn n I did n o t brin g it with me n

. .
bou-b cgnm cg I brin g it all the tim e m iHn n b cgnm cg I was ,

.
—
,
thinking abo u t bringin g it H-b oc brin g it ! poue H .

’
,
’
don t bring it ! heit po ue b H

’
let us no t brin g it h e ig cc '
g Oct we ll brin g it to you = h e i cc c

g g ct —b i oc (from h oc
’
,
’ ’
,
to brin g ) gyri I ll brin g it over t sou gy rI -b cc I brought

.
’ ’
.
’ ’
,
you a ro ck t So u é i b oc bring me a ro ck ! t So u H-b cc han d .

’
—
,
’
,
me
( ) the sto n e ! ei d e i t S o u H-b oc han d (me ) the sto n e here !
’ ’
,
-
b cc 1 n oun p o s t fix in H -t H -b cc drawknife ; H -t cge— cg -b oc plan e ;
,
.
,
’ ’ ’
,
’ ’ ’ ’
,
H -t H -b oc s aw ; d ogm -S H -b oc plough ; e it H dl-e ikuoc-

b oc c orn
’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’
, , ,
40 BU RE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY la m . 34
plan ting mac hin e ; e t c ; 2 po st p at . . .

, ,
in cc-b cc, ’ ’
repeatedly ; t a -b cc,
- ‘ ’
beyo n d ; e t c [ cp -b H ] . . .
b ccdl —h oc (in an III ) hill small hill Cp zou t -b ccdlh a - h H gu cc it

’ ’ ’
.
.
, , .
,
h as waves ; p iH —g cc hill ; koup moun tain h H o ud e i b ccd lh cc

‘ ’ ’
, ,
.
n t -b
on I s a w several h i
ll s n
,
-b ccdlh cc it is a little hill .
’
, .
b ocdl cc butter (fr Eng )

’ ’
. .
,
b oc-d H
’
pun c t ne g ; b ccd e ip c urs ; b czd e id cc fut ; b ccd cct cc .
’
, .
’ ’
, .
’ ’
,
fut n e g ; b a dei im p ; b ocd e i p cc in

.
’
to ri se (e g of , .
’ ’
.
,
s un ) C p b ec d e i- H to c ome up (of sun ) ; t Q n-p a -t out pump

’ ’ ‘ ’ '
, ,
. . .
p H e b oc d H the sun rose p H e b ccd e it cc the s un is goin g to

'
’ ’ ’
, .
,
c ome up (sometim e ) ki e id l b cc d H it rose yesterday h cgn ‘ ’

,
. .
b cc d cc it did n o t rise bou -b cc d e i

p t h e sun c omes up all t h e
’ ’ ’
,p H e .
,
tim e h e ig cc h H o u e p H e b ozd e it cc the sun will ri se sometime

.
’ ’ ’
,
.
p H e h y cgn (for p H e h cgn ) the sun will no t rise p H e .

,
’
e m -b a dei s un c ome up ! p H e poue eim -b ct d e it cc sun do n o t
’ ’ ’
1 , , , , ,
rise ! h e id cc h ocn p H e b a d oc h e ig cc d ei-h H I got up before s un ’ ’ ’

,
rise m iHn p H e b cc d e ip the sun is about to c o m e up p H e

.
’
,
.
b ec d e ip the sun is ri s in g is about t o rise t eim é im -b 0 2 d e i do

’ ’ ’
, , .
,
your best in the rac e lit rise strongly ! b ei-peidei ! ,

.
b ccd e i-H to c ome up rise hitherward (e ; g of s un ) [ H to c ome]

’ ’
.
, , .
h e ig cc p H e b oc d e i-H the s un is c omin g up right n o w

’ ’
.
-b cc-t t l of -
’
bH
p , . .
bH punc t ne g ; a m H c urs b H t cc fut ; .

, .
’ ’
,
fut n e g ; b H im p ; b Hh e idl
. to go [ Tewa m H to go]
,
.
’
,
‘
,
.
k t
‘
n a H -a m H I am goi n g to
’
go to -morrow h H o u e i ,
.
’
’
Hi a
m - m H whe n are you goi n g ? H -b H I wen t
,
h cgn H ’
,
.
’
I did no t go H-bou -a m H I go all the tim e m iHn H-b I;m m H

.
’
, .
~ ’
,
I am about to go t H -dou H I may go H-b H h e idl .

’ ’
.
’ ’
,
they said that I wen t b II -tonn ej H-b H h e idl they said that I .
’ ’ ’ ’
,
wen t h ocn H . I am n o t going m iHn Ha ccrk o u-gu oc

’
;
’ ‘
’
H-p iH-a m H I am goin g to go to eat at An adarko Hi bH
r n - .
’
,
you go ! poue é im don t go ! b H-b H let us go poue ’ ’

,
.
bH let us no t go gue H I am goin g to go al o n g .

’
behin d h im gue m é i-a m H I am followin g them H -p Q H

.
,
.
’
I am go ing (in order ) to see him y i e i b H-a m H w e are both .

,
goin g to go .
-b H 1 n oun po s t fix ; -
, . b cc -t t pl c orrespo n den t ; 2 t pl pro n oun p o s t fix ;
’
,
. . .
3 po st p
. beside o n again st at ; 4 with lo c ative forc e between
.
, , , , .
members of ompoun d [cp b oc bei] Cp b b

c s - — - H - H -b H -e ;
l-b H -
p .
,
. .
,
.
1 p oc- H t-b H temple ; 2 p H - b H some (t pl ) tei- b H all (t pl )

‘ ’ ’
.
,
.
, . .
,
3 tou-b H H-dei I am stan ding beside the house tou-b H H-y iH

’ ’
.
,
.
b H -lEa I am leaning against the hou s e tou-b H H-t So u e in I ran

’ ’
, .
,
against the house zou—b H n ei-t e jm cg it sticks to my teeth . .

,
.
’
-b H k cc the moo n is in the sk
‘
k -b H ’ ’ ‘ ’
p pH
oc n y p oc c c p H,n p H g oc ,
.
t H p Hn-b H licc o n e star is in the sky

’ ‘
i -b H k cc two ’ ‘
y H t H pH n , .
,
3 1 3 3 13 3 4 03 1 V O C ABULA RY OF KI O WA LANGUAGE 41
s tars are the sky t H p Hn-b H kuccdl the t pl stars are in the
in .
’ ‘
, .
s ky = t —bei ku ccdl -bei may be substituted o nly with t l

’ ‘
H p H
,
n p .
subj ec t sin c e it refers to stars exten din g across the whole sky so
, ,
the informan t explain ed ) W ith p Hm -b H in the sky c t p Hn-m H .

‘
, , .
‘
,
"
way up above the sky vaul t Oc se i-b H by the little c reek
- .
’
, .
s H b e i- b H o n the n orth side (e g of a street ) H-ki l Rou p -b H I

’ ’
. . .
, ,
live o n the mountain kou p-b H H-ki l h H -b H where ? some

=
,
’
.
’
,
where ou-b H -h oc enough 4 H -b H -kHe woodpec ker s p li t

.
’ ’ ’
,
. .
’ ’
, .
, .
bough spirale r he who spir al s o n boughs ; H -t cct -b H -t -d cc ,

’ ’ ‘
,
c hair lit what o n e sits o n ; cgn -b H -b o udl ankl e pro c ess app ’
.
,
.
,
foot shin bon e ; cgn—b H -p H dl -k oce rug lit foot bed blanket ; b og e ’ ‘
, ,
.
b H -hei p -n lightnin g ; b one-b H-t o ub H -h cgn d e i-g oc strain er ; cit-cc

, ,
’
b H —dou-p m ortar ; k oce-b H -t o u dl e i butterfly ; m cg -b H -t S H t-cc at

‘ ’ ’
, , ,
the poin t of the n o s e ; o ut -b H -t S H e -youp s wing ; t o u d c -b H ’

,
’
to taste of t r ; t cc —b H -k oc ear wax ; t So udl-Ecgn -b H -t S H t win g .

’ ‘
, ,
feather ; zou t —b H-t oue-goup to eddy ‘

, .
-b H -b H p o st p beside n ear -b H be side followed by a se c o n d -b H ]

,
.
, , , , .
tou d Q Hn poc -b H t se idl the house is down by the creek ’

, .
kou p -b H H -ki l I live by the moun tain t o n H -b

’
H H -dei
,
.
’ ’ ’
,
I w as stan ding beside the c orral e iku cc-(d ogm - ) b H H -dei I am .

’ ’
,
stan ding by the field .
-b H -e n oun p c s t fix - b H n oun p o s t fix ; b i-b H e -dou ’

, p nH e ,
-lEcc I c u t him with edge c -b H edge of kn ife

n (p p n )
’
i
’
, H b e .
,
.
-b H -g oc -bei p o s t p up close to -b H -bei p o s t p s ; -g oc un explain ed ]

’
, .
, , ,
.
‘
’
.
k u cct o uh iH p Hn-n cc b e i p iH h o u t Hm the eagle is flyin g up

‘ ’ ‘
,
c lose to the sky B ut tou -h cce g cc close to the house .

, .
-bH- h cc p o s t p at in Oc -
’
, t oc there - b H p o s t p ri ght beside ; -
.
, h oc ,
’ ’ ’
, ,
.
,
’
,
p o s t p at] .
, .
-b H —hei in y H t -b H -hei-kiH warrior soldier , .
b H o u-t s e io u (an II ; b H o u-t s e io u-p b H O u-t s e io u-g oc

’
domestic
.
’
,
’
,
c at [b H -ou un explain ed ; tsei-ou , young of ani mal pet]

’
,
.
-b H -p p o s t p at - h oc-b H -p o n the side of ; kiH h H -b H -p-g oc o cc iput

’
, ,
.
, , ,
-b H -
l ; pl
-bei po s t p at in alo ng referring to region [cp
, .
, Cp cc-bei , , , .
-
b H] . .
’ ’
,
past ; O u7 b e i-h cc in that regio n ; -bei-gu oc to ; -bei-n in fro n t of ;

’ ’
, , ,
-bei-bei at -bei oc from e t c t o u d c m -bei in the n orth — ’

; y ; , g , . .
,
.
t H Eu ccdl p Hn-bei the t pl stars are in the sky

’
z og -bei o n the
‘
, . .
,
teeth along the teeth , .
-bei-b H p o s t p at in p H n -b e i edge -bei ; -b H] ’

, .
, , ,
.
-bei—b H -e po s t p at in p H n -bei e-dou with the edge -bei ;

, .
, ,
’
,
-
b H ; -ci] .
-bei-bei at referrin g to regio n -bei followed by a sec o n d

, po st p .
, , ,
-bei] t o u-beibei at the fa c e at the fro n t
.
, , .
bei-dl r
p pe o un d form of bei t d cc extern al mouth lip
- beidl , , .
ccdl t e i m (in an II bei bei -ccdlt

’
dl
’
l dl
‘
d Q H in
’ “
; p ; . .
head of penis .
BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BU L L 84
bei n (app an I ) mouth (extern al c t s cc ccdl-n the in side

dl - . .
, ,
.
’
,
of the mouth [beidl p re p o und form of bei t -d oc extern al mouth , ,
lip ; -n ] Cp beidl c hin . n eg b e idl n my mouth

. .
, ,
the region of my lips or mouth b e idln n -b on I saw the .

,
mouth = b e idl n -b Q H b e idln d ei-b og 1 I s aw the t pl

,
.
, . .
m o n t h s ; 2 I s aw my o wn mouth ; I saw their mouths is made

.
n o n ambiguous by saying : o u e ig cc b e idln d ei-b og

’
.
beidl -k t -n (an II ; bei dl-k t -g oc-t sc reec h owl (an owl sp ) ’

, .
[ bei dl mouth ; ki cc-t u n explai n ed -

; n ] .
beidl -k oce (in an ‘

lip [lip -skin] Cp bei dl -k cge . . .
‘
.
beidl-k oge (in an “

foreskin [ dim of beidl -k oce lip] . .
‘
,
.
beidl -m cgnk cgm d o u to poin t with the lips [m cgnk cgm d o u to poin t] ’
,
’
, .
beidl -p cc pubi c hair in b e idlp a -kiH whi te m an (app in an II ;

‘ ’
,
’ ’
, . .
“
c p s e in- - oc beard hair ) ‘ ’
”
.
p cc g ,
.
B eidl-p a kiH (an I ; bei dl —p a -g oc

“ ’
whi te m an lit pubi c hair
.
‘ ’
, , .
m an opprobrious term based o n S ein

,
li t beard m an . .
beidl -s ei-H -d cc (in an lamb s quarter (plan t

’ ’
The plan t .
’
is used fo rgreens when youn g [pubic smell plan t] .
bei dl -t ei m (in an II ; bei dl -t ou c hin [lip (or mouth ) bo n e ]

‘ ’ ‘
.
, .
-bei-gu oc po s t p to (the regio n of )

,
sH - b e ig u cc to the n orth
.
,
.
’
, .
H -b e i u cc to the south
p e g ,
.
-bei-n p o s t p in fron t of by [ app -bei referrin g to region ; -n

,
.
, , .
,
at ; cp t o u-bei—bei at the fro n t] . t H dliH tou - bein dei ,

.
‘ ’
,
the boy is stan din g in fron t of the house .
bei—t -d cc (in an II ; bei-dl d pl ; bei-dl in . extern al mouth lip , ,
[ un explai n ed ] C t s cc ccdl in te ri or mouth m .

Hm d e i h ei t -d oc .
’
, .
,
upper lip ; d og h ei h ei t-d oc lower lip d é i—beidl-p H o u d e id cc ,

.
’ ’
,
I am going to close my mouth d é i-s cc ccdl ,

’
bei—t ei n—dei adv n ever [ bei un explained w -t e i -n cp possibly

”
‘ ’ ‘ ’
,
. .
, ,
.
-d cc to wan t -
t ei ; dei] Cp Hn with n e g whic h is an other way
‘ ’
n , . .
,
of expressin g n ever tou bei-t ei n d e i cgm d e id cc the “

.
‘ ’ ’ ’
,
house will n ever be finished bei-t ei n d e i y Hn you .

‘ ’
c an t do it bei—t ein d e i b o u dl d cc (pron omitted by

’ ‘ ’
. .
I do n t think I ll get en ough to eat

’ ’
.
-bei-y oc p o s t p from (the regio n of )

’
, t o u d cgm -b e iy cc H-t a
.
, .
’ ’
,
I c ame from the n orth .
-bei-y cc—tsou p o st p from ’

t Hm t s e iy cc -b e iy a t s o u H-
, ta I
.
, .
‘ ’ ’ ’
,
c ame from the c emetery .
-i -
, b iH -m bag in H —b
iH pau n c h ; s cc-b
iH qu i ver ; b i H -m -k
, oc-e ’ ’
,
’
,
‘
,
bag [ Tewa m u bag] ’

,
.
b iH—d cc to be foggy [b iH fog ; d oc]

, n iH - b -d cc it is foggy .
,
.
b iH-n i(n an III ; b iH in fog Cp b iH-d cc to be foggy

. . .
,
.
b n y H n t -b Q H I saw the fog , .
b iHm -k cce (in an bag sack bladder [b i H -m bag ; k cce skin ]

‘ ‘
,
. .
, ,
Cp s H t so u e -b iHm k cce urin al bladder b iHm k cce n t -b Q H

’ ‘ ‘
,
.
, .
I saw the several bags .

44 B U RE A U OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY law . 34
bou q p eip (in an

-E — '
the tree which bears bou g ig oc .
-k c -’ c .
bou-s e i-n (an II ; bou-s e j-d cc buzzard [cp b oun-s ei to stin k]

.
, .
, .
Cp bou-s e in-k u ccse it bird sp

.
,
.
b o us e jn-k u ccs e it (an II ; b o u s e in-k u ccs e it-d cc bird sp [ bob

.
,
tailed buzzard] Des cribed as a little larger than a c row black .

,
c olored an d bobtailed , .
b o u s e ise i—g oc (app in an I ; bou -se ise i fl in t arrowhead [bou

’ ’ ’
~
. .
, ,
strong] C t kcce korgg cc piec e O f flin t

. .
,
.
bou—t (in an III ) belly [ cp bou t -da to be full]

.
, bou t -n .
, .
,
in the belly bou t-t qnn in the belly ; c t kiH —d oun in the
.
,
.
,
c hest .
bou-t (b o u d cc pun c t n e g b o u t d cc c urs b o u dl h cc c urs b o u dl d cc

’
,
. .
, .
’
,
.
’
,
fut ; b o u d oc d cc fut n e g b o udl imp ; pout in

.
’ ’
,
to eat to . .
, .
fullness [cp poss ibly bou-t belly] Cp bou t -d oc to be full ; bout

.
,
. .
,
h o u dl to make eat to full n ess

,
d ei-bout I am f ull I h ave .
, ,
eaten my fill k i e idl h cgn d ei—bo nd oc I did no t fill up yesterday

.
‘ ’
, .
d ei—b o ut d cc I am abo ut to get en ough h e ig cc d ei-b o u d lh cc

,
.
’
,
I am about to get en ough d ei-b o u dld cc I am goin g to get .

’
,
enough bei-b o u dl fill up ! b é i-b o u dl let us eat our fill ! po u e

.
, ,
b ei-b o u dl d cc do n o t eat your fill !

’
,
p gen bout
bou-t be c ause oct dou Hn c H i H —dei H -hei m ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
do ri the woman cri ed all night bec ause her c hild died H adliH
.
,
’ ’
.
,
bout t s e it é i-hei m—dou I cried be c ause m y dog died H-ccdl iH

’ ’
,
.
’ ’
bout t s eih iH t H y H-H e I c ried bec ause my dog wen t o ff some ’

,
where n -goup bout cgk ccdl H dl é i-goup -dou I hi t him bec au s e

.
’ ’ ’
,
he hit me .
bou-t In t ou bout shin s e e -bou-dl‘

, ,
-bou -t in k oc -bout boat c an oe k cc referrin g to swmi m m g or the ’

[
’
, ,
bout g to sou d
-o u
, [ to belly sou d] y Hbout n b e lchin gly n .
— - I
am gulpin g up gas .
bout-H H t-d cc (in an II ; bou t -H H dl

’
growth or lum p .
“ ’
, on abdo
m en .
bou t-d cc to be full satiated [bou—t to eat to fullness ; d oc to be]

, , , , .
H-bou t d oc I am full
’
,
.
-bou t d Q H-n p o s t p un der [bou-t as in b o u dl-p t -n d own In

,
.
, ,
a hole ; t HdliH tou b o u t d n y H t oc the

‘ ’
,
boy is un dern eath the house .
bout-h o u dl to fill up t r make eat to full ness [ to fill kill]

,
.
,
.
—bout- am goi g to up bout

n h o u dl d cc I n fill hi m h ogn n ’-
,
.
h o ugu ccd cc I am ’
no t goin g to fi ll
’
him
,
up k i e idl h og n bout
h - .
‘
h o ugu cc yesterday I
’
did n
,
o t fill him up H -bo u t -hou fill him up .
’
, ,
make him eat en ough ! poue H-bout-h o udl d cc do n o t fill him up ! ’ ’

,
bout ky He n
- - to be bloated [ bout belly ; k
,
- -
yH e n un explain ed] , ,
.
Cp p o u t n
.
-
g as
‘
in stoma c h H -bou t
,
-k y H e
-
n I am .
’
,
flat ul e n t .
A
H R RIN T O N ] G VOCABULARY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 45
bou k oup c olic

t-
‘
,
.
“
bout -k oup (bou t-k o upd cc c urs ; bout -k o uyiH
‘
t o have
‘
,
.
‘
,
c o li c [ to bel l y pai n ] H -bou t - k o u pd cc I have the c oli c .

’ ‘
, ,
H- bout k o uy iH ‘
.
bout k oup cgm n to get c olic [ to ge t to belly pain ]

‘
,
H- bou t .
’
k oup cgm n I have the c olic I have gotten the c oli c

‘
, , .
bout -k u e -t s a fish spear [ belly p ul ler : k uu e-Z Q Hn to pull out with

‘
,
‘
, ,
nomin al harden in g of z to ts] .
bout-p o u dl (an II ; bout -pout -d cc . tapeworm [belly worm] ,

.
bout -pou t-RiH [ an I ; bou t-pout -g cc glutton [ bou-t belly ; , ,
pou-t n omin al form of bout to eat to fulln ess -kiH ]

, ,
.
bout t Q H g oc (
- S - - t app i n a n II ’
; bou t -t S Q n
u - dow n - feather
. .
,
from belly of bird [ bell y d o wnfe at h e r] bou t -ES Q H-n .
n Q -b
u I saw the f e a,
t h e rd o wn .
b eu (b eugy n app pun c t ; b eum os pun c t n e e ; b eun m os c urs ;

’
. .
, , .
b Q Hh H c urs ; b Q Hd oc fut ; b Q Hm oc d cc fut n e g ; b Q H imp ;

’ ’ ’
.
, , ,
. . .
,
a h e idl in fer ; b Q H m c
,g h e idl in fer n e g ;. as p re p o un d p Q H to se e
’
,
.
Tewa H) to p Q wH as p re p o un d] Cp s cgm d cc to look

m - ’
[ i s e e , ,
. .
,
at ; s cgm -b Q H to se e ; t cc b H to look at ,
h e ig cc é i a n g oc
’
,
.
’
~
-
éi t
’
t H e as soo n
‘
as he s
,
aw me he spoke to me h cg n k ccd l ,
.
‘
é im a m cg h e idl they did no t see anybody lit an ybodies

’ ’
— .
, , .
-
n -b I ’
n b QH I s a w hi m ,
h c gn Q H m cg d id n o t se e hi m n .
, .
bo u—b Q Hnm cg I am seein g him c on tin u ally k t n cc n

.
,
.
‘
b Q Hnm cg I am goin g to s e e him tomorrow kt n cc n

‘
.
,
a d cc I shall s e e him tomorrow k t n cc h cgn n

’ ‘
.
,
I sh all n o t se e h im tomorrow poue H-b Q Hd cc do n t look at him ! .

’ ’
,
’
H-b Q H see him ! H-b Q uh o u go look at him ! hei t b H-b Q u let

’
,
’ ’
, ,
us s e e him heit pou e b H-a d cc let us n o t se e him heit poue

.
’
,
.
b H—a h o ud cc let us n o t go lo o k at him k t -

’ ‘
, n cc n a .
ho nd or tomorrow I am goin g to go to s e e him

’
,
H-p Q 11—b H I .
’
, ,
wen t to se e him ts ei a nm cg he is goin g to look at the horse .

, .
h cicm (for h cc é im -) a n d cc do you wan t to s e e h im ? H—p Q H

’ ’
cg ,
n d cc I wan t to s e e him p g n n kt
- i H I s aw the o n e
’ ’ ’
cg ,
H oc .
,
t Qc c n b Q Hn m cg I s aw him a lo n g time ago n

‘
m an .
, .
b Q Ijn m cg I am about to see him I wish to s e e him

, , .
a referri n g to light tra n spare n c y in b QH

-d cc to be light b
;
-
QH e , , , ,
transparen t ; b Q H-n light ; a — Q H-n light ; P iH -b Q u p rsn of ,

’
,
‘
, .
Mr Light ; e t c [cp pQ H—g cc t bead ; an d possibly a t o see]

'
’
. .
,
.
,
.
b cH in b Q H—h Q H-d cc hat ,

.
-b
QH in t
’
e idl -
a kn ee ’
, .
b Q H-d cc to be light [ d oc to be]

, n -b
Q Hd c it is light ,
.
,
.
b Q H-e tran sparen t [a

, referring to tran sparen cy ; —ci] Cp .
. .
b Q He—b H -hei p-n lightnin g ; b Q He- b H -t o ub H b Q He-, b H -t o u b H

h cgn d e i-g oc strain er ; t s ou -b Q He ro ck c rystal ; e t c
, , .
-b H -heip - a ght g tra spare t - w

a e n (i n n I ) li n in [a e - n n ; bH .
, ,
—h e i-
p c p b QH
-h H b e i
p to . spa rkl e -
; n ]
’
, .
46 BURE AU OF AME RI C AN E TH NOLOGY 1s m . 34
b Q ue-
b H -to ub H -h cgn d e i-g oc i( n an II ; b Q He-b H -t o ub H -h cgn d e i .
“
,
strain er [ b Q ue transparen t ; -b H -t o ub H as in t o ub H -oup to ,

’
,
strain ; h ogn d e i-g oc thin g instrumen t] , , .
b Q ue-e i-
’
g oc (in a n II ; a e
- c i pla n t sp [ transparen t frui t]
.
“ ’
, . .
Des c ribed as a daisy-like plan t havin g yell owish flowers and semi
tran sparen t tubers (whenc e the n ame of the pl an t ) whi ch were
dug an d e aten Thi s pl an t grows where the t o pwe e d does ; top .
weed is a S ign for the presenc e of this plan t .
-k oc H t -d cc in an II - E -
p ; b one ka H dl in
’
b one ( b dl d l
’ “ ’
; Q He a H .
, .
glass tumbler glass dish [ transp aren t dish] , .
a n -
(in an III ) light [ b Q H referrin g t o light t ran spar ency ;
.
, ,
- C - - li ght n - the l ight

’ ’
n ] p b .
Q H Q n n . b Q H n H , .
,
approac hed .
a -h H b e i
p to sparkle
’
[a refer
,
rin g t o t ra n spare n c y ; w -h H b e ip .
’
Q H h H b e ip it is spark
-b H -hei p- light i g b -
a e ]
’
cp .
n n n ,
.
,
lin g b Q H-h H b e ip-dei n -b Q H I s aw the sparkling on es b Q H-h H

.
’
,
.
’
b e ip n t -a I saw the t pl sparkling o n es ,

. .
a -h
ei iH (a n II’
) c hi n a doll b
[ QH refer
. r i n g to tran spare
,
n c y h —
; ei iH
’
,
doll ] .
b Q H-h Q H-d cc (in an II ; b Q H-h Q n d pl ; b Q H- h Q H in . hat [ une x , .
plain ed] Al so licgn-a h Q nd cc hat (kcgn stiff )

.
, .
b Q H- n (a n d oc to ben d tr Cp a n-d cc to be ben t ; e t c

’ ’ ’
.
, . .
,
t Q Hn a n he (the s c orpio n ) ben t his tail H d cc d ei- a n

‘ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
,
I ben t the stic k H d cc d ei I am goin g to ben d the sti ck

.
’ ’
.
b Q H-n to be rotten in b Q Hn-n t o be rotten ; a n- s e i to stin k

, , ,
bou ei n bu z zard]
[ p
c .
-s -
, .
-b Q Hn to be ben t in b Q Hn
’
, t o ben d ; a n-d cc to be ben t ;
,
’ ’
,
bou n-n to be bent ; p oc-b Q Hn fur c rook [ Tewa b Q-Ij to be

’
,
’ ’ ’
, ,
ben t] .
a ei t o bend t o mak e]
’ ’
n J cm
Q ,
.
b Q u n -d cc to be ben t [ d oc to be] Cp b Q Hn-n to be bent

’ ’
, , . .
,
.
-d cc it is ben t said e g of stovepipe with j og in it

a ( )
’
n ,
. . .
b Q Hn -d cc to be rotten [ d oc to be]
, Cp b Q Hn-n to be rotten ,
. .
,
.
h cgm d e i t in d cc d e i n -a I s aw something rotten h cgn d e i’

,
.
n QH -b -d cx d e i
n b Q H I saw t pl rotten things
t - ’
n , . .
b Q Hn-n
’
to be ben t Cp b Q Hn-d cc to be ben t . .
’
,
.
ci-b oHnn
’
( the sti c k ) is be n t’
or ar c hed H d c c ,
c i-b Q Hn .
’ ’ ’ ’
n - oc d é i-
g
’
b QH I saw the be n t sti c k H n QH n -b,
n -dei .
’ ’ ’ ’
n a I s aw the t pl ben t stic ks

t -
, . .
b Q un -n to be rotten [cp b Q Hn-sei t o stink] Cp b Q Hn-d cc to be

, .
, . .
,
rotten b Q unn. it is rotten , .
bQ u n - k c c to lie rotte, n [ li o to lie ] t s ei iH b o m Ea the (dead )

h i -
n .
,
dog l ies rotten .
wH ge n -m o to in di c ate i n n
,
—t H - b o n n m cge te n dril of watermelo ,
n
’
,
vin e lit it Ii pe indi c a t e s [w -

, .
n -n c
p b QH to s e e ;
-m c - un e x
ge . .
, ,
p lai n ed] .
m am m al VOCABULARY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 47
b erm i to stin k [b Q Hn t o be rotten ; se i to smell

-
sc , Cp , .
bou-sei—n b uzzard b Q Ljn -S e j it stin ks

, i(H) h cc n -b Q Hn .
,
.
’
s ci it stin ks here kiH Hn b Q U n- se j the meat stinks

’
,
- .
,
.
b Q H-Q H to be clear tran sparen t [b Q H Q n] t Q u Hn b Q H Q H

’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
, , .
,
the water is clear t Q H-a Q H n -b Q H I saw the clear water .

' ’
, ,
t eu an b ee -nud e sy li -b eu
‘ ‘
b Q H Q n- (in an III ) light ; said t o refer to any artificial or n a t ural

’
n .
,
light also to daylight Cp b Q H-n light

,
. .
, .
-b y 11- ir ular tou —b r a p r le -t o ub

yn e c irc ular
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
e c
,
c ,
in y ge c m c i c ; H , , ,
opening in forest .
d oc c u rs ; d cct cc , fut fu t ’ ’
punct neg ;
"
. . . .
n eg ; d oc , d cc d e i, d ccb e i, im p ; d ccm e i , in fer ; d Hm a h e idl , infer

-
’ ’ ’ ’ '
’ ’
. . .
n e g ) , 1 to be (frequ ent as verb den oting ex isten c e , c o n di t io n , an d

.
as c opul a, but po sitio n is den ote d by Ecc, dei , b H , e t c ; also frequ e nt .
as adj .
p o s t p o un d ) 2 . to be born .
[ Tewa nr ,i to be] . 1 . n eg
’
H-d ccit is I I am the o ne n eg
,
we are the on es Hm ts ei
, .
’
ei-d cc ,
.
’
-d cc it is your horse d cc it is the horse of y e

n ts e ’
m i b
“
H e c a
.
, ,
t pl tou-h ej d oc it is n o t a house By t H p He tou—h ei d oc t h e

.
,
.
’ ‘
,
m an has no house tou -h H —d cc I have no hous e i i ’

p H e e i y H .
,
.
n éi—p H b i-d cc I have two brothers

’
B ut né i-p H b i-kcc they are
, .
’
,
my two brothers ky H t H e kiH d cct cc he will be a chief h ogu By H .

’
,
.
t H e kiH d cg m cg he was n o t chi ef ky H t H e kiH d cg m ej he was a

’ ’ ’
,
.
,
c hi ef (in fer ) k ki -d a dei you be a chi ef ! pou e

’ ’ ’
HIn y H t H e H cim ,
b ei-ky H t H e kiH don t you be a chi ef ! poue Hm H im

’ ’ ’
ky H t H e kiH you don t want t o be a chi ef h H d e idl d oc ’

.
’
,
who did it ? n H H-d cc I did it cct Ht He- h e j n -d cc there

’ ’ ‘
, ,
is no salt m Ht S He-h ej n —d cc there is n o paper i -h e i

.
’
,
.
—d cc there is n othin g eat —d cc I haven t an

p iH e i y H
-h ’
n , to y .
,
thin g to eat o n the plac e i -h ei H-d oc I haven t eaten yet .

‘
’
,
’
.
-
p iH h e j n there w as nothin g to eat (inf er ) t ccd e i h ein ’
d Hm ei g oc h H o ue i s cct t a h e idl I heard that he was away for a

’ ’ ’
,
long ti me and that he c ame back after a lon g time j ust rec en tly .
2 . H-d cc I was born h H n

’
, H im -d cc where were you born ? .
’ ’
,
s y Hn H—d cc sh e gave birth to a baby m Hy iH I H -pcc n

’
,
H—d cc .
’ ’ ’ ’
,
the woman gave birth to a c hild k i e idl S YEIII é i-d cc my child .

‘ ’
,
was born yesterday h e id cc h cgn S YHn H t h e c hild is n o t

’
.
born yet k t n oc sy Hn H . the child is goin g to b e

‘ ’
born to -morrow k t n cc h cgn sy Hn H the child

.
’
_
’
will no t be born to -mo rrow Te ih Hn e i-d cgm n H—d cc I w as born .

’ ’
,
in Texas h cgn H-d og m cg T e ih Hn ed cgm n

. I w as no t born in
’
.
’ ’ ’
,
Texas Te ih H n e i-n . H they Say that I was born

’ ’
in Texas h cgn T e ih H n e i-d cgm n . H they say that ’ ’
I W AS not born in Tex as m iH n S YHn H -d 6c b e ip t h e child is .

’ ’
,
48 BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN E THN O L O G V (3 3 3 3 . 34
about to be born h e ig cc s y Hn H-d cc the child is al ready born .

’
,
.
-k ou - d cc be born n o w ! Him -d oc you are born t H

‘ ’
.
, ,
’
H i m —d cc what is wro n g
(with
,
you ) ? B ut t H é jm -b H wher e ’ ’
,
are you ? m Hy iH cgn d cc s y Hd cc d oc the woman has born e fiv e ’ ’ ’ ’

, ,
c hildre n .
d cc d cc medic in e oren da in d oc-e medicin e ; D R -K1H the G reat

’ ’
, , , ,
Spiri t ; d cc-k iH Sun day ; d cc-t S H e to pray ; e t c [cp pos sibly d cc

’ ‘
,
’
, . .
da
’
to sin g] .
d cc d cc to sing in d cc -n
'
’
so ng ; d a -kt j H singer ; d cc-m Hy iH
,
‘
’
,
’ ’
,
’
sin gin g wo m an ; d cc-pH e g oc to sing ; d oc-d cc to sin g [ cp possibl y ’ ’

,
’
,
.
d cc d a m ed icin e]
’
.
d cc d cc to kill in ccdl-d cc-ku ccnn s c alp dan c e ; d cc-H to c ome

’
,
’ ’
,
’
,
to kill ; d oc to make kill ; d a -d wIl to hun t to kill ; d cc-kiH ’

.
,
’
,
kill er ; s e jm -d eckiH mur derer ; t s einb o u—d a kiH killer (in a slaugh’
,
’
,
t e rh o u s e ) [ Tewa nr —r to strike
j j ] , .
d cc in d cc- H t -d cc bu c ket Cp k cc-H t -d cc dish

’ ’
. . .
,
-d cc n o un adj and p o s t p p o s t fix [ c p -d H noun p o s t fix ]

, ,
. Cp . .
, . .
H —d cc wood ; -t -d cc between
’ ’
,
.
,
d cc to make kill [ d oc to kill ] c u e id e i g oc-d cc I .

’
am goin g to have him kill them .
d oc H dl -H —d cc (in an II ; d cc H dl c roo k for hangin g kettle

’ ’ ’ “ ’
.
over fire [kettle stick] .
d oc H dl -
’
k u cc (an II ; d cc H dl -k u cc-g oc bird sp [ bu cket hi tter
.
’
, .
,
sin c e it makes a so un d like tappin g a bu cket] Des cri bed as a .
little larger th an a mo ckingbird .
d cc— H t -d cc (in an II ; d cc-H dl d pl ; d cc-H dl in bu cket

’ “ ’ ’
. .
, ,
kettle pot [ d cc un explain ed ; H -dl H -t roun d ; -d cc; c p

,
’ ’
.
k cc— H t —d cc dish]
’
Cp t so u e -d cc t ,
cc c offee pot . d cc t cc .
’
,
.
’
d ei—b Q H I s aw the bu cket , h cgn d e i 6c—d cc H dl-t se idl somebody .

’ ’
,
had a kettle stake (said of the s pots o n the moo n) d ei-d oc H dl .

’
t s e id cc I am goin g to set the kettle

’
, .
d cc- H to c ome to kill [ H to c o m e ]

’
, H-d cc-H I have c ome to ’
,
.
’ ’
,
kill him H -H n - h o udl d cc -dou I have c ome in order to kill

,
’ ’ ’
,
him h cgn H-d cc

. I have no t c ome t o kill him = h ogn
’
,
-h o u dl d cc -dou h o u H
n
’ ’
g
d oc-e (in an III ) me di cin e oren da [ d cc as in D U -kiH the G reat
.
, ,
B
,
Spirit lit oren da m an ; -ci]

,
. d cce n t -a I s aw the .
,
medic in e .
d cce - cgm -kiH (an I ) medi cin e -m an do c tor [c ur e m an]

’
.
, , .
d cce to c ure do c tor [ to medic ine-fix] n -d cce - cm

q ei
, .
’
,
I c ured him .
d cc-e -g oc (d cce d e id cc to strip [un explained] d ei

’
, .
d cce d e id cc I am goin g to pull the blade of the feather from the

’
,
quill h e ig cc d ei .
-d cce cc I st ri ped t h e fe at h er-
g p blade off ,
.
d oc medic ine s e e d oc
’
,
m am m o n] V O C AB U L ARY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 49
d oc
’
to Sing ,
se e d cc
d ccd cc
’
punc t ne g ; d a d cc to sing Cp p g cc .
’
,
. .
-
d cc H e
’ ’
,
to sin g ; e t c ; p ccdl -dou to be singin g and drumming .

’
,
.
k t
‘
d ei-d oc d cc I was sin gin g yesterday d e i-d cc d cc I am
’ ’
n cc ,
.
,
d i-d cc d cc I am sin ging here or no w (two mean

’
sin gm g ej h oc e .
’
,
in gs ) h e ig cc d ei-d ccd cc I am sin gin g al ready h cgn d ei

.
’
,
.
I am no t sin ging d ei-y t H h e i-d cc d cc I am sin ging a W arrior .

’
,
So ng .
da n
’
-
( app i n an III ) so n g [ d oc to si
. n g ;
-ky H ] h H o ud e i
.
,
.
’
H’
- t cc I heard sever al so n gs’
d cc n ,
.
D a -l€i H (an I ) the G reat Spiri t G od [ oren da m an]

’
. .
, ,
d cc
’
-k i H ( a n I ; s better d cc - k t i H;. d cc -
g cc . singer ; medi ’ ’ ’
,
cin e m an who belo n gs to the sin gin g c la s s [s in g m an] .
d oc -kiH (an I ) kill er [kill m an]
”
’
.
,
.
D a kiH -e idl (an I ) the G reat Spiri t G od [great oren da m an

’ ’
.
, , ,
imitatin g Eng G reat Spiri t Oj ibway Gi t ci-manit o .

“
,
‘
,
-
d oc k
’
iH Su ‘
n day [ ore
,
n da day G od day ] C p d ec k iH -tou c hurch ; , . .
’ ‘
,
d a k iH -S YHn n
’ ‘
Saturday lit little Sun day ; , ,
.
d a k iH -h q fio u dlp H-g a c hur ch-bell [ Sun day bell ]

’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
.
,
d cc
’
k iH -k ‘
h
iH iH Mo n day [ after Su n day : - kt, iH after] , .
d cc k iH -S YHn -n
’ ‘
Saturday [o n little Sun day : SYEID small ; -n ] , , .
-tou in an hur h S day house C t -tou s in ging

[ ] d
’
( c c u n cc . . .
,
hall . d cck iH -tou e in the c h ur c h c hur c h in terior c hur ch

’ ‘ ’
, , ,
room .
d cc -m Hy iH (an I ) sin gin g woman medicin e woman [m Hy iH woman]

’
, .
.
, ,
d cc -pH e g cc (d oc
’ ’
pun c t n e g ; d cc ’
c ur s ; d oc - pH e .
’
.
’ ’
d e id cc fut ; d oc fut n e g ) to sin g [ d oc as in to

“
’ ’ ’
, . .
,
sing ; pH e gcc] Cp i d a -fiH e n ’

a song . d H d ei-d a isy .
’ ’
,
.
e d e id cc I am goin g to sing h cgn d H d ei

’
,
I am n o t .
goin g to sin g b ei you sin g ! poue b ei

.
don t sin g ! (heit ) b ei

’
let us d pl incl sin g ! (heit ) . .
poue b é i let us d pl in cl no t sin g ! t H n é im . .

’ ’
d cc pH e g cc that is good sin gin g éi -e H-t they

’ ’ ’
m
’ ’
, i a .
,
had c ommen c ed to Sin g when I got there B ut é im -d ocd oc-ei .

’ ’ ’ ’
’
H-t a I c am e when they were sin gin g kt i H h e ig cc
, .
’
’
H im —d a
p g p
H e o u -dei n Q H I saw the the m an who was about
-b’ ’
,
to sing k t j c c d ei . I sang yesterday h cgn

‘ ’
.
k t
‘
i c c d ei
’
I did no t sin g yesterday h e ig cc .
d ei I am about to sing h e ig cc m i Hn h cgn d ei-d e t h .

a ’
e g cc I am n o t about to sin g kt i H g H éi -dei

’ ’
h —d a ’ ’ ’ ’
, c n n rn p H e g a .
n QH -b I saw the m a n who n , ever sin gs d e i-t Q Hb H .
I am going to play t h e flute lit I me flute sin g will , . .
d oc - -
(app in an III ) a so n g a sin ging
’ '
3
I H e n . .
, ,
.
d cc -p H t n
’ ‘
( d a pu n c t n e g ; d cc
’
c urs d cc - Ht
p .
’
.
’ ‘
d e it cc fut d a ’
, fut n e g ; d oc-p t e i
.
’
t o c eas e t o .
’ ‘
,
BU E R AU OF AME RIC AN ET H NOLO GY te rm . 34
sing [p H tn ‘
,
to c ease]
the m an . kt iH Hn
’
quit singin g m iHn Hn he is about to quit S inging

.
’
.
h cgn Hn ’
he will n o t quit sin ging y Hn .
you stop sin ging ! n t let us quit singing ; cp .
n t -S oc d e i- t
p e i
'
let us quit working

’ ‘
, .
d a -tou (in an I ) sin g ing hall singing house C t d oc k iH -tou

’ ’ ‘
.
, ,
. .
,
d oc t Q H-tou ch urch building

’
, .
d oc t Q H-k u cct (app in an III ) bible [ prea c hing book] d cc t Q H-kuat

’ ’
. . .
-da it is the prea ching book

n ,
.
d cc t Q H-tou (in an I ) church [prea ching house]

’
,
. .
d cc -t e in d cc (d a
’ ‘
to wan t to kill [ t fe in-d cc to desire]
’
, .
-d cc" -o ub H -h o u d ld cc I c o ul d kil l
éi h ig n
’ ’ ’
g oc e cc ,
him if I wan ted to éi—d cc - -tsou - h o u dl d cc I c o ul d

’
d h
’ ‘ ’ ’
t ei n cc n ei H .
,
n o t kill h im if I wan ted to .
d cc-t S H e (d a -t S H y cc pun c t n e g ; d oc-t S t cc c urs ; d cc - t S H e d cc fut

’ ’ ’ ’ ‘
’ ’
, ,
. . .
,
d cc
’
fut n e g ; d cc -tS H e to pray [ to oren da ask] .
’
, .
k t i c c d ei
‘
tomorrow I am going to pray
’
.
k H d e idl d ei-d H t S H e I prayed yesterday e idl

‘
k i h ccn d ei
’ ‘
.
,
d a t S H y cc yesterday I did no t pray h e ig cc d ei-d oc t S t cc I am

’ ’ ’
,
.
,
praying right n o w h ogu d ei I am n o t praying n o w . .
m iH n d ei I am about to pray h cgn d ei I .
am n o t going to pray Hm b ei-d oc t S H e you pray ! poue b ei .

’ ’
,
d a t S H e d cc do n t pray ! (hei t ) b ei-d cc t S H e let us d pl in cl pray !

’ ’ ’ ’
.
, ,
.
(hei t ) poue b ei let us d pl incl no t pray ! . .
d og-m (app in an earth groun d floor c oun try world plac e

. .
, , , , ,
[ Tewa n Hj earth groun d c o un try] Al so as p o s t p o un d of lo c

-I
, , ,
. .
forc e e g in p iH -d cgm fir eplac e ; t o u—d cgm -bei in the north ; e t c

. .
“
, ,
.
d cgm n ei-t cc we are livin g o n earth d cgm -cg d ei-t S Hn d e i

’ ’ ’ ’
, .
d cc I am goin g to run a footra c e lit o n the groun d

’
. .
, ,
d cgm -cgn -t cH o c ean [ d cgm earth ; -cgn un explain ed ; t o n water]

’ ‘ ’
.
, ,
d cgm -d Q nn -tou e (in an I ) c ellar [ ben eath floor room]

’
. .
,
d cgm -g u ccdl red clay [ red earth] ,

Al so c alled t s ein-g u ccdl red mud .
,
.
“
d og-m -n to shoot up im plied in d cgm n -d cc to be shot up
, , ,
.
d cgm n -d oc to be shot up [ d og—m - , n un explain ed ; d oc to be] , .
tei k o ub H d ég d cgm n -d cc his body is all shot up

‘
—
,
.
d cgm -ku cc (an II ; d cgm -k u cc-

’
g oc . diggi n g sti c k ; evide n tly al s o ’
,
spade shovel hoe [ earth hitter : gou-p to hit peck] Cp d cgm k u cc

, , , ,
. .
’
s y Hn hoe ; peidei - d cgm k u cc spade shovel

’
.
, , ,
d cgm k u cc-s y Hn hoe [s m all d iggin g stic k]

’
, .
d cgm —c d cc (in an II ; d cgm -kcg -n clod [ app keg-n stiff]

’ ’
.
, ,
. .
d cgm -pou di (an II ; d cgm - pout -d cc angleworm earthworm

.
, , .
d cgm -s H b cc (in an II ; d cgm -S H plow [ earth-bur ster : S H

’ “
.
,
burst
d cgm —t H dl (an II ; d cgm -t H t-d cc
‘
toad (frog ? ) sp [groun d bur
.
’
,
.
rower : t H to pierc e make hole in]

‘
,
.
52 B URE AU OF AME RI CAN E TH NOLOGY
’
ci-t a ,
ready when we arrived t a t cc h e igcc
I w as tired al .
’
H-d
’
n I shall be tired whe n he arrives poue é im .
’
~
-li cd e i do n t be tired it is n o t good i e is

n c
’
d n
’
( , , . .
unpleasan t to be tired ) t se igu ccn d n -d ccd e i n -b Q H I saw .

’
,
the tired dog t se igncgd cc ci-d n -d a g cc d ei-b Q H I saw the t pl

.
’ ’
, .
tired dogs .
dei (d e ig cc punc t ne g ; d e id e i ’
,
d e iy cc . d e id cc ,
’
,
’
,
fut ; d e ig a t cc fut n e g ; d e id e i
.
’
to stan d (spl ) [cp pos
’
, .
’
, . .
sib ly d H - dl d H -t stan ding up ; Tewa dé-g f—n-d i ere c t stan din g] , .
H-dei I am stan din g tou dei the house is standing h ogn

’
,
.
, .
H-d e ig cc I am no t stan ding

’ ’
,
H—bou -dei I am standin g all the .
’
,
tim e H-d e id e i they say I was stan ding k t i c c H-d e id cc

.
’ ’
,
.
‘ ’ ’ ’
,
I shall be stan ding tomorrow h cgn H I shall no t be .

’
stan ding m i Hn H-d e id e i I am about to be stan ding poue

.
’
, .
é im —d e id cc do n t be stan ding ! hei t n cc g oc Hm b H—d e id e i let

’ ’
,
’ ’
,
you and I be stan din g ci-d e id e i the c attle (all) are standing .
’
, .
ts e i dei the horse is sta

,
n di n g cc g cc tou e H -d e i cc -
y dei -
iH .
’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
H-h e ib e it cc I am goin g in where the people are stan ding in the

’ ’
,
room B ut cc gcc tou e dei-dei-iH H-h e ib e it cc I am goin g in

.
’ ‘
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
where the m an is standing in the room (it was stated that -d e iy cc

c an n o t be used in the Et dei —dei
n a h o ud cc I am
’
- ’
iH ,
goin g over to s e e the m an who is standing l i h y o up H—dei-g oc .

’
d ei-a h o u d cc I am goin g over to see the t pl m e n who are standin g

’
.
,
.
nc g
-ccko ub e i m’ ‘
Hy p o u H -d e i cc
y the women were stan ding all ’ ’ ’
,
about me cg g ccp n cc p H n p d e iy cc the b ufl al o e s are al l

.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
over the prairi e cg g ccp n cc p H n p ci-d e id e i the b uff al oes .

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
are all over the prairi e (infer )

-dei 1 n oun p o s t fix ; -g oc -dou—p -gou-p t pl c orrespo n den ts ; 2
, .
, , ,
. .
formin g pro n oun s from dem stems an d fro m adverbs of plac e ; .
- oc t l c orrespo n den t 3 derivative forming proper

g p , ; .
p o s t fix .
,
n ames from n oun s ; - g oc t pl c orrespo n den t ; 4 p o s t fix e d to n oun s ,

. .
an d c ertain pro n oun s to emphasize possessive c ase ; - g cc t pl c orre ,

.
sp o n d e n t ; 5 lo c ative postpositio n o n n oun s at ; 6 adverbial

.
,
.
t fi - oc 7 partic ipi al verb o s t fix - cc t l c orrespo n den t ;

p os x c p g ; ,
.
p ; g p .
,
.
8 subordin ating p o s t fix o n verbs when sinc e [ c p -dei-

. dl pro n , , .
,
.
an d adv t -dei ear fr t cc to hear t - oc ’ ’

p o s t fix ] 1 . if ;
. cc g .
, , .
,
t pl 2 ouei-dei that o ne ’
ouei-g oc t pl fro m oue there ’ ’
”
‘
,
.
, ,
. . .
k a -dei the other o n e ; k ec -g oc t pl OCd cc -dei p rsn from

’ ’ ’ ’
, 3 ,
. .
,
.
,
cc d cc islan d H d e ikiH -dei Pcc Medi c ine-bag—man s C reek

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ “ ’
4, . .
,
.
cg k cc-dei ts ei (less c learly

’ ’
cg g cc ts ei) his o w n horse g g dei
c cc- ’ ’
,
.
’ ’
Et y o u pg oc m Hy po u his o w n m e n an d wome n 5 H tH
’ -dei ci-t cc
,
. .
’ ’
,
they t p (the kingfish e rs) stay al o ng the river

l . cc pi cc E dei
S E - .
’ '
’
’
éi they t pl (the fishes ) stay in the river n qc k o un p-dei . .
‘
,
o n my body 6 p iH -d e i (or p iH ) H- a m H I am go ing down

‘ ‘ ’
. .
,
stream b iHn-dei t -p cct d cc you are eating (too ) much (b iHn to

.
, ,
A
H RRIN TON] G V OC AB ULARY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 53
be mu h ) c pei -k cc-
. dei n b Q H I saw the dead dog ;
7 -. t se ih iH ,
t s e ih iH é i—pei- k cc-dei n H i Q H I saw the (1 dead dogs ; t s eih y o up

-b
’
n ,
.
pei s aw the t pl dead dogs

H i —Eu ccdl- oc d ei—b
—
g Q u I C p t s eih iH , . . .
n -b o
H gn c pei -lEcc I s aw the dead dog an other c omm o n way of
, ,
ren derin g E ng relative clause c o nstru c tio n o ue id e i d a t s ejh iH

. .
’
Hrn t
’
E iH h cc n - dei that is the dog that the m an got o ue ig cc
’ ’
, .
’
ci-d cc t s eih y o up Hm kt i H é i-b ot n -g oc those are the t pl dogs

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, .
that the m an got t p e gn d a -dei n —a I s aw the butc hered .

— ’
,
-d cc-dei n n-b
an telope t é i p ej é i Q H I s aw the d butchered
’ ’
n —
.
, .
an telopes t cc se idl ci-p ein-d cc -g oc d é i-b Q H I s aw the t pl butc hered

.
’ ’ ’
, .
an telopes kt iHn 4s cc d e id cc iH -
.
y dei n Q H I saw the m an
-b ’ ’ ’
,
who had been workin g H m -h o u t d cc-dei I saw h im wh o killed ’

i .
,
them t pl I saw the killer ; é in-h o u t d cc-dei n é in-b Q H I saw t h e m

.
,
’
,
o
d who kill ed them t pl I saw the d kill ers é im —h o ut d cc—g a

. .
,
. .
’
d e I-b Q H I saw them t pl who kill ed them t pl I saw the t pl

,
. .
, .
killers 8 h e ig cc ci—b Q H-dei heia (for h e ig cc Hn) é i-t Q Ht t cc

. .
’ ’ ’ ‘
,
he spoke to me when ever he saw me h e ig cc é j-goup -dei oue h cgn .

’ ’
k ccdl n I have n o t spoken to him S inc e he hi t me .
h e ig cc g oc H—goup -dei oue h cgn k ccdl d ei I have n o t

’ ’
spoken to them sinc e they hi t me .
dei in kiH-dei to have a husband ; t H -dei to have a wife

,
‘ ’
,
.
-dei—dl n ou n pro n oun an d adverb -d e idl mo un tain

, , p o s t fix in t , ,
lion ; h H -d e idl who ? somebody ; Eff -d ad] ba dl y ; k iH-d e idl

’
, ,
‘
,
yesterday ; e t c -dei ; -dl] . .
-dei-p adv po st fix in piH -dei-p from waist down -dei -p]

,
.
, , .
dei-y oc possibly a t pl c orrespon den t of dei to stand q v

’
,
.
, , . .
d ej pre p o un d referrin g to sleep in d ei-h o u dld H ni ghtshirt ; d e i-m cg , , ,
to go to sleep ; d ej-h ei-h ei m to go to sleep ; d ej-li cc to lie asleep ; ’

, ,
e t c [ c p possibly t e i- dei—p to be asleep ] ’

.
,
. .
d e i in d e in-S H dl to be peppery [cp po s sibly d ei-n to ngue] , .

, .
-d e - oc in H e —d e - a leaf ’
ig ig , .
d ei-h e j m to go to sleep to fall asleep [ to sleep die] H-d e j

’ ’
, , .
h ei m I wen t to sleep k t n cc H-d ei-h e i

’
, tomorrow I am .
‘ ’
.
,
gc mg to go to sleep k t n cc H-d ei
= hc gm -d -h m
e i ei H ,
‘ ’
,
are you sleepy ? (h cgm for h oc H im h H ej

n b egn H-d -h m c
ei e i g
’ ’
,
’ ’
,
n o , I am n o t sleepy H-d ei-h ei m I wen t to sleep H ’ ’ ’

,
.
k ou—d e t H t cc I am going to go to sleep H-d ei-h eim H I am

‘ ’
, .
’
_
getting sleepy n o w .
d ei-h o u dl -d H (in an III ) nightshirt [sleepin g s hi rt] .

, .
d ei-Ea to lie asleep [ to sleep lie]

, Tpl c orrespo n den t : d e i-Eu ccdl . . .
H-d ei-kcc I am lyin g asleep h cgn H-d e i—t so ug cc I am n o t

’
, .
’ ’
,
lying asleep = h ogh Hd ei ,

H-bou -d ei-kcc I am sleepin g all ’ ’
,
the tim e poue é im -d ei-t so ut cc do n t lie asleep (o ne c ann ot s ay :

.
’ ’
,
’
*
poue eim -d e i ’
heit b H-d ei-t so u d e i let us d pl in cl lie ,
. .
asleep ! k i e idl H-d ej-licc I lay asleep yes terday (o n e c ann ot

‘ ’
,
B UREA U OE AMERIC N ETH No LOGY A ’
traum a
say : k i e idl e j tsou ) H-d H-t s o u

ki e idl h cgn -
g cc I did no t
* ‘ ’ ‘ ’ ’
.
,
lie asleep yesterday b egn H-d e i-t S Q ng cc t cc I am n o t going to be .

’ ’
,
lyin g asleep H -d -t so u d e i be lyin g a sleep !

H ei
-d -t s o u d e i
’
im ei . m , ,
ye d be lyin g asleep ! d ei-Eu he is lying asleep he is sleep ing

.
, , .
d e i-Roup to put several to sleep with re fl to spen d n ight when o n

, , .
j ourn ey [ ko u-p to lay several] So c orrespo n den t is d ei-t S e ip

,
. . .
d ei-d e j-koup I put them t pl to sleep h cgn d ei—d e i

,
. .
I di d no t put them t pl to sleep m iH n d ei-d ei-Eu ccpd cc I am . .

,
about to put them t pl to sleep d ei-bou-d e i-Euccpd cc I put them . .

,
t pl to sleep all the tim e k t d é i-d -ku ccd cc tomorrow I ‘ ’

.
n cc ei .
,
am going to put them t pl to sleep k t n cch ogu d ei-d e i-Eu ccgu cc . .

‘ ’
d cc I shall n o t put them to sleep

’
,
b e i -d e i-ku cc put them t p l .
,
.
to sleep !
d ei-Eu ccdl several lie asleep , [ ku cc-dl sever al lie
] SS c orre spo n den t .
,
. .
1 s d e i- k cc ei-bou -d e j-Eu ccdl we t pl ex cl are lyin g asleep

’
.
,
. .
all the time k i e idl ei-d ej-kuccdl we t pl excl were lying

.
‘ ’
,
. .
asleep yesterday k i e idl h cgn ei-d ej-k c u pg cc yesterday we t pl .

‘ ’ ’
,
.
excl were n o t lying asleep k t n cc ci—d ei-ku ccdl d cc (or ci-d ei

. .
‘ ’ ’ ’
tomorrow w e t pl ex cl will no t lie asleep k t n cc . . .

‘
h cgn ci-d e i ’
tomorrow we t pl excl will n o t be lyin g . .
asleep poue b H-d e i-k o u pt cc do n t ye t pl be asleep ! heit b H-d ei

.
’
,
’
.
ko u pd e i let us t pl be lyin g asleep ! b H-d e j-k o u pd e i yet pl be

,
.
,
.
lyin g asleep !
d ei-m eg to go to sleep app lit to lie do wn an d go to sleep [ m cg to
, , . .
,
lie down ] Cp d ei-kcc to lie asleep . . b ei—d e i-m cg go to , .

,
sleep ! d e r-d ei I am goin g to go to sleep .
d eim-g u ccdl (an II ; d e jm -g u cct d cc . bird sp [red breas t] ,

. .
d e i-m -n i(n an III ; d ei-m in c hest

.
d Q Hn inside my chest , .
d eim-t Q H (in an I ; d eim-t Q H in

‘
. breastbo n e [ breastbo n e] ‘
.
o u e id e i d e im- t Q n n —b Q H I saw his breastbo n e

’ ‘
,
.
d e i-n (an II ; d e i-d oc . to ngue , .
d ei n -oct
( an II ; d ei n oct -
t q c n o u -
p mussel . d
[ ei m - — ‘ ’
, ,
to ngue ; -oct un explain ed ; t cg t cgn spoon ; -ci] Desc ribed as a ’ ‘

,
.
fresh-water bivalve havin g yellowish shells about 5 inches long .

’
The animal proj e c ts at times from the gaping shell like a to n gue .
The shells were formerly used as spoo ns .
d e jn cct t Ht Hn e jJ e id l (an II ; d cin cct t Ht qcn e j-e it -d cc c o nc h

’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
,
.
shell I den tified from specimen Apparen tly this n ame is applied
. .
to ccb cclo ne also [large muss el ] .
d ei to be sleepy [ d ei referring to sleep ; -pH -dl -ci as in ’ ’
‘
t Qn to be thirsty] H-d e j I am sleepy .
’
.
d e i-S H d l 1 to be peppery ; 2 to be sour [ w d e i c p possibly d ei-

,
. n . . .
,
to ngue] Cp -H-cc sour e iS H dl it is peppery

-d’ ’ ’
. .
n ,
(said e g of Chile ) . . .
3 4 3334 3 4 03 1 VOCA BULA RY or mom LANGUA GE 55
i -
S H dl fi d oc
’ ’
(in a n II ; d Q lS H dl pla n t s p [ peppery
. pla
“
n t ] . .
Described as a kin d of weed whi c h sticks to on e s feet when o ne ’
steps o n it barefooted .
d e iS H dl -t on V in egar [ sour water]

‘
.
,
d e i-tou e (in an I ) sleeping room

’
.
.
,
d ei - t Se ip to put o n e
,
to sleep [ t Se i -
p to put o ne ] T p lo c orrespo n den t ,
. .
is d e j o p
-lf u n - d e i- t S e ip I . put him to sleep h cgn ,
.
n -d e i- t So u g u c c I did n o t put him to ’

sleep ,
m iH n h e ig cc .
-d -t é o u d cc I am ab o ut to put him to sleep -bou

n ei p
’
, n .
t So upd a I put him to sleep all the time poue H -d -

e i f So u d cc
’ ’
,
.
,
do n t put hi to sleep H ei t § o u put him to sleep ! heit

’
m ! —d - ’
,
H
b d ej- —t é o u let us put hi m to sleep ,
! h cg n
n - d ej I
am no t going to put him to sleep .
dl n n
,
ou adj a n d pro n p o s t fi x ofte
. n varyi n g with - t .
,
.
dl ,
i n tr verb p o.s t fi x in t H - t to sever ; i H -dl to be severed ; tsei to , , , ,
put in ; tsei-dl to be in ,
.
dou (d o ug cc pun c t n e g ; d o ugu cc d o ug cc c urs ; d o u d cc fut ;

’ ’
,
.
’
,
’
,
.
’
, .
d o ug cc d cc d o ug u ccd cc fut n e g ; dou doudei imp ; tou in

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
, ,
.
, ,
to hold have have o n Cp m cgn-sou-dou brac elet ; , ,

. .
’
,
’
ou-t H -dou to raise chin ; t So udl-t o uh a -cgm -dou to soar ; t Q Hb H
‘ ’ ’
,
’ ’ ’
,
tou -l€iH bugle m an ; p cc-dou to keep (an an imal ) ; e t c

’
,
’ ’
,
.
-dou am holdi g it -douga am holdi g it

n I h I
’ ’
n ,
cgn n n o t n .
,
.
bou -dou am o ti ually holdi g it -d o u d cc I shall

n - I ’ ’
c n n n , n .
,
hold it h cgn n . I shall n o t hold it H-doudei hold .

’
,
it ! b H-doudei let us d pl in cl hold it ! m cgn -dou n —dou I am , . .

’
,
holdin g it with my han d m cgn-n t So u n -dou I have a ston e .

’
,
in my han d kcc h cc H-dou have you a kn ife ? h cc kcc n -dou ’ ’ ’ ’ ’

, , ,
.
yes I have a knife

, y i H k cc n éi n -dou I have two kn ives ’ ’
, .
h H O u d e i Ea g ccd ei-dou I have several kn ives

’ ’
h o u dld H n t -dou
’ ’
,
.
,
I have my c oat o n h o u dld H h cgn n t I have n o c oat

.
= h c u dl d H - h e i H-d cc m iHn h o udl d H n t -d o ug u cc I am j ust

’ ’
on ,
.
,
going to put my c oat o n h o udld H n t -d o ud cc I shall put my .

’
,
c oat o n h o udld H t -dou put your c oat o n ! poue t -h o u dld H ’

.
,
d o ud cc do n o t put your c oat o n ! hei t b ei-

’
, h o u dld H -dou let u s put ’
,
our c oats o n h o udld H n t I am putting my c oat o n

. .
- d c u 1 p o st p wi th in by as ; in so an d so many pl a c es ; 2 verb post

, . .
, , , .
fix bec ause in order to

, 1 H -dou n
, I am going . .
’ ’
to hit him with a stick y H e b a-dou H-gu oc hit him with the rope ! .
’ ’
,
tsou-dou n -k n y H I threw a sto n e at him cgnso u-dou n , .

’
m cgns e ipg cc I rubbed hi m with my foot , zei t-dou t a t g cc he .

‘
,
shot him with the arrow h qc-zei t-dou t cct g cc he shot him with .
’ ‘
,
a b ullet h cgnd e i-d o n t cct g cc what did he shoot him with ?

.
‘
,
h cg -z e ip-dou with a g un
’
k cct s e i-dou in nin e pla c es
, ,
.
2 é im - h e jd e id cc d o u-dou n -goup I hit her (the c o w ) so that she

’
.
~
,
woul d go away t So u e in m ccn k o upb e i-t a -H-dou p-dou he .

’ ‘ ’ ’
,
56 BU RE A U OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY
fell down bec ause maybe he was running H-H n -h o u dl d cc—dou .
’
,
I have c ome in order to kill him h cgn n -h o u dl d cc dou h cgn .

—
H’
I have n o t c ome here to kill him m cgn-dou n -dou I .
’
,
am holdin g it with my han d in my han d m cgn-d c u n -h H b cc I , .

’
,
c arried it O ff in my ha n d m cgn t SQ H—dou n -h H b cc I c arried it off

’
.
,
in my claws - t -h b dl -d o u in b e d
’ ' ’
n m cgn S QH H cc p H , p Ho u .
, .
dou in three plac es all three t s el h iH é i-f) cce -dou H

,
I ,
.
’ ’
c ried be c ause I lost my d o g
dou—dl-e i referrin g to slidin g in d o udl e i-out to slide down ,

’
, .
d o u dl e i-out to slide down [ ou -t to des c en d] d ei-do ndi ci-out

’ ’ ’
, , ,
.
I slid down (e g boys would throw water o n ban k to make it

“
. .
sleek and woul d then slide down ) .
dou-e adverbial verb prefix ex c essively too mu ch ; also in cgn-g oc , ,

’
douy—ci-dei too mu ch [ cp possibly kou—dou very] , . .
doue-p iH it is too heavy n ‘

, n they t pl . . .
are light too light ,

.
-dou-p n o un p o s t fix t pl c orrespon den t of -dei In p cc -ko u-dei

,
.
, .
,
‘ ’
,
measuring worm p Uc -ko u-dou—p t pl ; p oc-H t-dou-p b all p oc— H t ,

’ ’
,
.
‘ ’
, ,
‘ ’
dei d pl ; e t c -dou e v ablaut form O f -dei ; -p]

,
. .
,
. , .
d Q H p re p o un d form of d cu -m d o wnp un d e r in in -d Q H-b H do w n ; ’

, , , ,
d Q n—n down ; e t c , .
d Q H—b H adv un der at the un der surfa c e of [ d Q n -

, .
, b H] Also used ,
.
as p o s t p d Q H- b H at (or o n ) the bottom sur fa c e (of the

.
,
basket ) .
-d Q n-b H p o s t p down un der at the un der s ur fa c e of

,
.
,
Al so used as , ,
.
adv k a t e jn iH-d a H un dern eath the roots

. ogu -
’
d Q Hb H ,
.
’
,
1 un der the foot o n the bottom of the foot 2 sole of foot , ,

.
,
k a n ccs ccp o uy iH p iH H -d Q Hb H li o the fly is (li t

—
ogu -d a He
’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
n
. .
lies ) o n the underside O f the table t So u dl-d Q Hb H un der the arm .

, ,
armpit .
-d Q u-b H -e un der in cgn-d Q Hb H e sole of foot

, cgn -da H ,
d Q H-bei ’
, ,
’ '
un der in d Q ub e i—b e it d cc lower lip

, ,
.
-d
Qu
-b e i-h iH w ay dow n u n der -h
iH re al ]
, cc pi cc t -d
QH a e ih iH ,
.
’ ’ ’
ci-z e im H the fishes are way down at the bottom of the water
’
.
,
.
p cc -t 11b e i
‘
Q
’
t at the bottom of the ri ver
, , .
d Q H-dei adv upside down fa c e down inverted [ d Q H down ; -dei]

,
.
, , ,
.
C p t So u—p . right side up d Q Hd e i ci-t se idl it (the

, .
’
,
tumbler ) is inverted d ondei d é i-t So ud cc I am going to in vert it .

’
,
.
d Q u-n adj an d adv (d Q n-g et -t

,
un dern eath inside ; as n oun
. .
’
, , ,
d Q n-g cc -t (in an II ; d Q n-n

’
seed lit in side o n e Also .
“
, , . .
used as p o s t p [ d Q H -n ] C p e i-g oc fruit seed ; e i—ku cc-ci-g cc t

. . .
’
, ,
’ ’ ’
,
seed for plan tin g ; ci-t H-d Q ng cc t wheat seed ; p i H t n -d Q c c t ’ ’ ’

,
‘ ’
,
mu skmelo n seed tou d Q nn pcc-b H t s e idl the house is .

’ ’
,
way down next to the creek .

3 4 3 3 3 43 4 03 1 VO CABU L ARY OF III O W A LANGUAGE 57
-d Q H-n down down in in ,un der at the bottom of also used

, po st p , .
, , , ,
as adv -
n ].
[d Q n o u e id e i-d
Q nn un der that fellow .
’
, .
’
i -d
o u e g cc Q H n u n der them t p l n c -
g d Q nn un der me below
,
.
, ,
me (e g the dog lies un der my feet ) d cgm -d Q Hn in the groun d

. . .
, ,
un derground (e g where the gopher lives ; but d cgm —n o n the . .

,
groun d o n earth ) tou—d n y H o n the floor ; cp tou d Q Hm floor

,
.
, .
’
, ,
lit un der house

. tou Q nn-d H - Ecc I am lyin g o n the floor
.
’
, .
tou-d Q nn d ei I am goin g to lie down o n the floor Eccdl .
in the c hewing gum h ccp iH -d Q nn t -s oc I put ’ ‘

d Q Hn , n .
,
them t pl in the stove cgnh H d e i n -a cc . I saw .

’ ’ ’ ’
the bear in the wood s H-p oc e H -d Q nn (or v I got lost in .

’ ’ ’ ’
.
the woods gu ccdl-t s ei—d Q Hn .in the red horse ts ei g

— u ccd l
, ,
d Q Hn g u c cdl t s ei
-bou t
. in the red horse in the red
—
,
hors e s belly ’
(dow n ) i
.n the well cc-
p d Q nn in .
’
,
the moo n .
d Q n-m (an I ; d Q H- b oc . 1 father-in-law ; 2 s o n-in-law Cp , . . . .
kiH -e idl father-in-law ; y H t -lEiH so n- in- law n cg d Q Hm my

’
, , .
,
father-ih —law m y so n-in —law ,

.
d Q H- m (d Q H -m
’
,
d Q n in adv down un der in Also used
’
.
, , , .
as p o st p [cp Tewa nH -n 1j ii down un der ; -m ]

. . d Q nm
’
,
’
, .
’
n t I am going to go down (said e g by a m an in an . .
airplan e ) ; also d Q Hm H also d Q Hm d ei ’ ’ ’

.
-d
Q H -m ’
p o s t p ,
dow n u n der in A l so
. used
,
as adv t QH , ,
. .
‘
Q H m t So u kcc there is a ro c k at the bottom of the water

-d ’
t QH
‘
, .
- d Q H m t So u n -lEu ccdl there are t pl ro cks at the bottom of the

’
.
water p o u dl Esc u-d Q H m t S Q H-h e i

. the bug c rawled under the ,
ro ck t o u dl-d Q Hin un der the sn ow t e in -d Q nm un der the

.
’
,
.
’
,
ic e in the ic e ccdl -d Q n m d ei I am go ing to wash my’ ’

.
, _
hair head sc alp lit in my hair tou-d Q nm floor lit under

, , , . .
’
, ,
.
house ; cp .
-d Q Hm -dei down un der in -dei] II i gm d e i-kiH G ul f

’ ’ ’
, ,
.
, ,
State I n di an m an lit in woods m an tou-d Q Hm d e i-k oce rug ,

. .
’ ‘
,
mat lit floor cloth,

. .
-d Q H m -gu oc po s t p do wn un der in -gu oc] H- d Q n u cc in

’ ’ ’
,
. .
, , , ,
the woods .
-d
Qn m - ’
n p o s t p dow n i nder
, i n -
n ] tou -d
QH. m,
-
n , ,
.
’
,
o n the floor .
d Q H-n (d Q a c p un c t ne g ; d Q Hnm cg c urs ; d Q Hn d cc fut ;

’
, .
, .
’
,
.
d a cc d cc fut n e g ; d Q Hn im p ; t g in to seek
’ ’
, .
,
.
,
hun t for [ Tewa u n-wH to seek] Cp t Q H-b H to go to hun t for ; ‘

, . .
,
p e idl -d
QH n to th i nk li t to thi
,
n k seek n a -d I , . .
,
hun ted for it h cgn n -d Qa g I did no t hun t for it n —bou .

’
,
.
- d a m cg I am hun tin g for it c o n tinually m iH n n -d a m cg I

, .
,
am about to look for it n -d a d cc I shall hun t for it h cgn

‘
.
’
,
.
n I shall n o t hu n t for it H -d
a hun t for it ! poue .
’
,
58 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY 13 m . 34
’
H-d Q un d cc ,
’
do
hun t for it ! h eit b H-d Q Hn let us d pl in cl look no t , . .
for it ! hei t b H-d a hou let us d pl incl go look for it ! H-d Q Hn , . .

’
hou you go look for it ! n —d Q t o ud cc I am goin g to go look

,
’
,
for it poue H-d a h o u d cc don t go look for it ! k t n cc h ogn

.
’ ’
,
’ ‘
n tomorrow I am no t goin g to go hun t

for it .
d Q H-n-n -e (d Q Hn n e t cc to smell tr b Q Hn gi(H )

’
, .
H—d Q Hn n e I smelled a stink something rotten

’
H-d Q Hn n e t cc
, ,
.
’ ’
,
I will s m ell of it .
’
ci propoun d form of ci-g oc fruit seed ’
, , .
-
’
e i, -e i, n oun adj :
adv po s t fix Cp ts ou water ; cc-tcg-e
, an d . . .
—e
,
’
,
sm ooth ; t H n -e well nic ely ’

, ,
.
ci - ci p o s t p
,
in at ,
Also p o s t fix e d to other postpositio ns e g
.
, , .
, . .
in -b H -e -m H-e t H dl iH H -e Hn
, the boy is sittin g up
.
‘ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
in the tree tou-e H-t cc I was in the house tou-e H ’ ’ ’ ’ ’

. .
,
I am goin g to go to the house or c amp tou-e h e i he wen t into .

’
,
the hous e (c t tou-y oc t e ip he c ame out of the house ) ou-e .

’ ‘
,
.
’
,
there ou ci-dei that o n e .

’
—
,
.
-e i my our p o s t fix e d to l s t perso n possessive forms of c ertain

’
, , ,
relationship term s in t a t cc-e my or our father ; k cck cc-e my or ,

’ ’
,
’ ’
,
our mother ; sein -e my or o ur m atern al un cle ; C t H prefix ed ’

,
.
’
to 2n d an d 3 rd perso n possessive forms .
-ci formative elemen t in H cc-e to be lo n e s oc-e to be s wift e t c

’ ’ ’ ’
, p g ; ; , ,
.
-ci c au s ative verb o s t fix in s oc-e to seat (c

, p p s cc -
n to seat o n e ,
.
’
,
self ) ; e t c .
ci- b oc fruit seed in t Q Hn-H -ci-b oc pe c an nu t ; e t c See ci-g oc

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
. .
, , , ,
ci-dl ( ci- t -d cc app o nl y used as in an II an d in an II s ; an t pl is

’ ’ “
. . . . . .
supplan ted by i -d cc from b igm to be large much ; but an t pl , , ,

. .
-c i- in K ( ) -ci
’
p iH p B ig Shields ; c i
‘
-dl e i-t in ’
large ,
’ ’
,
mu c h [ un explain ed ; cp ci-t in k ou-ci—t wide] Cp e it -dei .

’ ‘ ’
, . .
’
,
mu ch ; e idl -B H old m an ; e idl-m H old woman ; kiH -e idl father

’
,
’
,
’
,
in -law ; s ecy-e idl to be large ; b iHn to be large ; s oc- b iHn to be large ;

, ,
s cc-p Hn to be large
‘
,
ts e i e idl a large horse ; ts ei-b i cc .
, ,
t pl large horses k H b o u d liH -h cct H d e i-e idl sheep ranch lit big
’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
. .
,
pat c h wire-fenc ed for sheep .
’
e id l- lT
: iH (an I ; e id l-Kyou-p . old m an [large m an] C t KIR
’
,
. .
e idl
’
father-in -law
,
e id ll€ y o up Ei-t H b H -fiu adl the old .
’ ’ ‘ ’
,
m e n sit smokin g n ame of the N orthern C rown c o n stellatio n ,

.
’
e id l- m H (an I ; e idl -m H-you - p . old woma n C p
’
t S H dli H
,
. .
t St iH old woman ,
.
c i-g oc (s al s o —e i-b cc -ci-g cc-t ; inan II ; ci d pl ; e i in

’ ’ ’ “ ’ ’
.
.
,
.
,
1 fru it vegetable edible seed ; 2 loaf of bread bread

.
,
Cp ,
.
,
. .
d Q c ct seed lit in side

’
,
o n e ; ci -k u oc n mush ;,
c i—t H t -
d cc grai.
n of ’ ’
,
’ ’
,
60 BU RE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
eip -k ‘
(in an I and II ) pie c e of c harc oal ; also applied to
Qn n
— .
,
min eral c o al [ black c oal ] O n separat e o cc asio n s both
”
.
-
cip k Q H n a - d -
p Q nn
k —b
Q H were obta in ed for
’
i d i
’ ‘ ‘
n a n e é
I s aw the pie c e of c harc o al
“
.
’
e ipk Q nn
‘
-t
QH (n in a n III ) c o a l‘
m in e [ QH ,
t -n pit
] .
,
‘
.
’
i—
e po u d l (an II ;
’
e i -pou t - d cc, . worm or bug suc h as gets o n or
in to fruit seed e t c Applied even to so w-bug [fruit bug]
, , . . .
’
c i- p ncc -
(i’
n a n I ), roas t in g ear [ c i seed c
. or n ; p a -
n , t o be
’
,
’
n ewborn fre s h ] Cp iH (n ewborn ) baby

’
. .
,
ci p H e H dl t out
- - -
( i a o l tivator - oc fruit c orn ;
’ ‘ ’
’
[ g i
'
n n c rn c u c .
, ,
- ‘ H -e un explain ed ; app -’H dl to drive -t ou -t ] ‘

p ; . .
ci s cch y e i g oc (in an II ;
- ci- s cch y e i watermelo n = t H -h ei-p iH
’ ’ ’
- .
“
, ,
[ gree n fruit ]
’
e i-s cch e i cc d ei—b
y g .
Q H I saw t h e watermelon , .
’
c i- S -
Q H oc (
b in a n II ;
’
c i - S QH p ; d l c i- S Q H in
. metate [ seed
“
,
.
’
grinder : S Q H-m to grin d up] ,

.
e it - cc- b H -dou-p mortar [ ci-t-cc un explain ed ; app -b H -doup ]

’ ’ ’
.
, .
’
c i— t H -pou di ’
( a n II ;
’
c i - t H - pou t - da .c i c ada [ fruit Ii pe bug
’
, ,
’
s o c alled from their appearan c e in the summer seaso n] .
e i t og (in an III ;
- e i- t cc in wheat ; wheat flour [ ci-g oc, seed ;
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
-t c u n explain ed ]
’
g ,
.
’
e it c
g -’
e iliu
’
cc-b oc, wheat plan ting machin e .
e it qc -goup (in an wheat plan t

’ ’
. .
c im- d Q H-g a -t (in an II ; e it cg -d Q H-n wheat seed

’ ’ ’ “ ’ ’
,
. .
cit -k Hd e i-dou to be bun ched [un explain ed ; app

‘ ’ ’
.
,
e it -k cg d e i-dou d e I-b Q H I saw the bun c h (of grapes )

’ ‘ ’ ’
.
,
cit dei adv m u ch many too mu ch too many [ e i-dl to be large ;

’ ’
—
, ,
.
, , , ,
-dei -dei t there are lots of stars fallin g

] it H pe it n
’ ’
e .
, .
-dei some people are t too mu h

it -t l k n
’
p H e n Q Ha m H a c .
c it -dei n Q Ha m H I am talking too mu c h

’
—t .
,
e it d e i—dou many t imes -dou by a s it d i—dou

é -gu a t I
’
]
’ ’
,
e e cn , ,
.
,
wrote to him many times koudou -e it d e i-dou c§n-gu ert I wrote .

’
,
to him very many times .
ci- t -b ec -t (in an II ; ci-t -b H pie [ between bread i e

’ ’ “ ’
, ,
. .
.
between crus ts] .
’
to hu t i -b H to go hun tin g ’
ci n n ei , ,
.
e it H dl-e iku cc-b oc (in an II ; e it H dl -e ikucc c orn pla n tin g

’ ‘ ’ “ ’ ’ ’
.
,
machin e [ ci t H t-d cc grain of c orn ; -e iku cc-b cc plan tin g m ac hine]

’
— ‘
,
’
, .
e it H dl g o up (in an c orn pla n t c orn stalk = ci- goup C ann ot

’ ‘ ’
~
.
,
.
,
say e it H dl -p eip for it is n o t a bush [ co rn grain plant]

*’ ‘ ‘
,
.
e it H dl -k oge (in an c orn c o b c orn hu s k [ c orn grain little skin]

’ ‘ ‘
. .
,
ci-t H t -d cc (in an II ; ci-t H dl d pl ; ci-t H dl in given as

’ ‘ ’ “ ’ ‘
. .
,
meanin g grain of c orn ear of c orn plan t of c orn [ ci seed e t c ; w , ,

’
, . .
t H -dl - t H -t c p t H dl liver kidn ey ogu - t H dl toe]

‘ ‘ ’ ’ ‘
~
, , , , ,
. .
e iz e in agen t [ fr E ng ]
’
,
. .
e i e In -n
z agen cy -n , ,
3 4 143 3 4 3 4 03 ] V O C AB U LA RY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 61
’
ci dem stem referrin g to more definite lo c ality here
. . A lso used as
Cp ’ -m ’
p o s t fix .
f
a . .
41 is ~
’
ci in ci
-b H
,
’
to go hunting .
ci
’
1 p
,
o s t.
p at amo n g ; 2 subor
.
,
di n ati n g verb
, p o s t fix whe n if .
, ,
dem stem as e i subordin atin g verb p o s t fix

fi C -t S
[ ej
’
p o s t . x ] p ,
. .
, ,
when K - H - liiH y H t cc I lived three years ’

‘ ’ ’ ’
1 p H
. O u S H e y H e ci .
,
with the C oman ches p Ho u S H e c c-ei (or c c H-t cc I

'
‘ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
lived three years among the Kiowas H b H t cc t cc t cc e ccg cc ci - " .

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
ki l d e i-ci I am goin g to where my father lives pH byo u e

’ ’ ’
~
.
,
tou-n H I am goin g to go to where my brothers live

’
.
H-b H f cc o u e ig cc H -hy ne ci-t S e idl -dei-ci I am g o ing to go over

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
where the c otto nwood tree is stan din g H b H t cc o u e ig cc H -t - " .

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
s ccdl dei ci I am goin g to go over where the t pl c otto n wood trees

- ’
— .
,
are stan din g Hc g p iH i cc c -k cc dl -

g u cca
.
e n é i n y H o u e it
’
-k ’ ’ ’
t s eih iH dei - dei - ej H — t So u e in the b ufl alo hooked an d threw me

’ ’
,
'
an d I fell way over where the dog was stan ding 2 é im

’
. .
d cc d cc ci H-t a
’
I c ame when they were singin g
’
(heiga ) .
H-d ’
n
—d cc-
ej c i-t
a we d pl e x cl arrived with me already
’
,
. .
tired t a t cc-ci h e ig cc H-d n -d cc t cc I shall be tired when

.
’ ’
,
’ ’
he arrives t se iguccn t s ejn -dou H— Hm cg ci n -b Q H I saw the

.
’ ’ ’
,
dog when they were making it out of mud t se igu ccn t s ein-dou .
H Q H I saw the people when they were makin g the

- d ei -b ’
ei
’
,
dog out of mud t se igu ccn t s ein —dou h e ig cc ogm n -ej H-t a I .
’ ’ ’
,
c ame when the dog had j ust been made of mud .
- i H -kc d e i- -d cc I feel sad

’ ’ ’
ci
’
ci n g ,
.
’
ei
-b H to go,
hu n tin g [ b H to go ] H -
(t -a m H I am ,
.
’
,
going (deer ) hun tin g k t n cc H— ei-b H yesterday I wen t .

‘ ’ ’
,
hun tin g .
’
ei
-dei ( ci g
— oc ’
dem pron an d adv thi s here [ ci dem stem ;
,
. . .
, ,
’
.
-dei thi s o ne sidei thi s (fellow )

-dei C cig oc
’
]
’ ’
p .
iH .
,
.
, .
,
this (e g c hair or tumbler ) sidei d cckiH -k u cct n -d cc this is

. . .
’ ’
,
G od s book ’
.
’
si dei - h cc -t s ou adv there ’
[ ei d e i this o, n e ;
-h t so u
H p o s t p at]
.
’
,
’
, .
,
.
—tsou t s
d i-h Hn cg he c ame from there
’
h id i
’ ’ ’ ’
ei e cc t s o u t a cgn o u e e , ,
(gesture ) but n o t from there , .
’
si dei -tsou adv this way
,
thus [ ci -dei thi s o n e -tsou
.
, ; p o s t p like] ,
’
, , .
, .
si dei -tsou b ei tie it like this ! ei d e i-tsou t do ’
it this way !
’
— oc 1 dem pro l of —dei thi s 2 adv here [ ei dem ’
ci g
’
, n. t p ci .
; .
,
.
, . .
,
.
stem ; -g oc] .
’
-h cc adv right here hereabouts ; 2 no w [ ci
ci
’ ’
—m —h oc ’ ’
,
1 . c,t ci .
, .
, .
dem stem ; -h oc p o s t p at]

. 1 ejh cc H
’
, I heard that .
,
. .
’ ’ ’
they are stayin g here are they staying here ? poue eih cc egim ,
’ ’ ’‘
62 BURE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY c
m . 34
t oc t oc ,
’
don t stay here ! ejh cc H-tse idl I was ri ght in there
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, .
’
e ih cc
’
poue b ei-ku ccd cc don t c amp here ! eih cc h ej m he died ’
,
’ ’ ’ ’
,
ri ght here H-k i l I live here n b Q H I s aw him

-
’ ’
h h
’ ’ ’
ej cc .
ej cc , .
,
here s H d H t o u eih cc it is c old in the win ters here (at this very
.
’ ’ ’
,
spot ) ; c t s H d H t o u eim h cc it is c old in the win ters hereabouts

.
’ ’ ’
,
(e g
. here in O klahoma
.
) 2 ei h cc d ei-d a d cc 1 I am s ingin g . .
’ ’ ’
, .
here 2 I am singing no w
,
. .
-dei - dem pro d adv this here -

( ei h
’ ’ ’ ’
h [ ci h cc
’ ’
ej c c cc g oc n a n ,
. . .
, , ,
here ; -dei] eih cc -dei d c m

g n he.r e o n earth ei h cc -
g cc
’ ’
,
.
’ ’
kk Hm b cc these people ’
t e i (p cce ) e ih a g cc all of us here
‘ ’ ’
.
, , .
’
si
-m dem stem referring to more in definite lo c ality here Also
. .
used as p o s t fix -e jm [ ci dem stem ; -m referring to region] ,

’
.
’
.
, .
p o s t p at referrin g to more in defin ite lo c ality ; 2 s u b o rd i

-m 1
'
’
e i , . .
, , .
n ating verb p o s t fix where [ e irn dem stem hereabouts as p o s t fix ] ’

,
. .
, ,
C t ci p o st p at referring to more exa c t lo c ality

.
’
, .
e im g cc ,
.
’
i
’
m H -t oc I stay west of here m
’
b d i - m H-t cc ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
y H y H ej ei g cc cc e p ej ,
.
(or H I am stayin g (or goin g to go ) east poue ccpg cc

’ ’
.
n -a dl k cce —d ccd e i- m d c
’
ci c
’
lead us n o t into evil ! y iH ’ ’
n qc— e im H-k u cct he owes me t w o dollars

’ ’
H-b H n g oc pcc-e idl , .
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
Ra d ci-eim I wen t to where the big river w as

’ ’
,
s Hd cc k u cct lE u ccdl .
’
H -
a m H I am goin g to go down to where the children are in
’ ’
ci m ,
s chool H-a m H Hg cc t s H d e i ki l -dei-cim I am going to go

.
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
down to where my fri en d lives .
’ -dei - oc dem pro n an d adv this o ne hereabouts

( ei g
’
ci m m ,
. . .
, ,
hereabouts [ ci-m dem stem ; -dei] ’

. .
’
m - dem pro l of m -dei this o n e hereabouts adv ’
ej g oc 1 n ,t p c i
. .
; 2 .
,
.
,
. .
,
hereabouts [ ci-m dem stem ; -g oc] ’

. .
’
m
ei g cc -t ccp th is way -‘
-
t cc p beyo ,
n d ] C p ci m - tsou thi s way ‘
,
. .
’
, .
- H - let us i l go up t s way -tsou ’

( )
’
m d l hi ! eim
‘
ei g oc t ccp b b H p n c , . .
b H-b H !
’
e
-
im h cc
’
hereabouts here there [ c dem stem ; p o st p at] , ,
’
i—m .
-
h oc
’
,
.
,
.
C t ci-h oc right here right there

”
’ ’
”
. .
, ,
’
Ei m -h cc
H p rs n of Delos L o
’
n ewolf
’
explain
’
ed as,
mea n in g he .
,
c aptured them or he took them away (from the people ) é im ,
app pro n h e — them t pl an maj ; h cc as in b ot n

. .
,
to get ; . .
’ ’
,
H
’ ’
un expla
, in ed ] Mr L o n e w o lf s other I n dia n n ame is K Qn . .
’ ‘
e idl G reat Dark

’
, .
’
ejrn -h -
H ei (
m a n II ; cim -
h ’
H - mou -
p large red an t s p ; al so .
’ ’
,
.
an t in gen eral [ c p possibly ccdl - h Hem e j mosquito ]

’
.
,
- - - -
-
m e j g uccdl e idl dl b iH d cc, an t
’
’
e jt
’ ’
( an II ; e irnh H ej g
m u cc
’
sp .
[ big red an t ] .
-k ‘ -’e idl -
k
‘
-
b -d cc
( e it Q n iH
’ ’
e it II ; an t sp
’
m ei
’
m ei Qn an .
,
.
[big blac k an t ] .
-k - -k ‘ - e ’-
Q u gYH (an 11 ; e im h e m e i
’ ’ ’
an t
’
h
‘
eim e m ei .
eu g t, 8 1)
[ black an t ] .
A
H RRIN TO N] G VO CAB UL AR Y or KI OWA LAN GUAGE 63
( II ; ’
e it
’
-d cc
e it m ej
’
’
m ej an .
, an t sp .
[ tin y an t ] .
- - -d cc t sp [ small
’
( t
’
’
ei t m e is n
’
a n II ; e j m e j s y H , a.n
’
.
an t ] .
’
e it m ej
-t So u dl’
-s oc (a n II ; ei
’
t m ei
— f S o u d l -s cc
’
-
g oc winged .
’
,
an t [ t So udl wing ; app s oc to put several in set several] .

, , .
’
cim
-tsou ,
adv t hi s way [ ci - m dem s
. t e
,
rn ; tsou p o s t p like]
— Cp
’
.
, .
, . .
- this way ’ ’
—t s ou b H -b H let u s d l in cl go
ei
’
m
ei g c c t ccp, m p .
, . .
this way e jrn tsou y Hk oup it pains me here (with gesture at

’ - - .
‘
,
afflic ted part ) scct t a n ei ejrn tsou é im —k u cct he c ame here a

- ’
.
’ ‘
,
while ago but wen t out this way .
g oc, parti cle an d an d then Cp n og and Also in h e ig cc already

, ,
. .
, .
, .
Sometim es heard assimilated as ge i in g e i h e ig cc an d al ready , .
kt iH g oc m Hy iH the m a n
’
an d the woma n n -k u cct ’
, .
- cce -tsei I pulled it out an d then I put it b ac k in again

g n
’
oc , .
s cg c
g d e i-d cc
’
g
’
oc t a he c ame a n gry H—h o un dl d cc
g e i h e ig cc ,
.
’ ’
m if you kill him they ll ge t you g e i h e ig cc t H ,

’
.
’
g n h H e g cc an d they do n t know where he

b nH d’
e I h n - ’ ’
g oc c ,
wen t to .
- oc 1 n oun t fi t l c orrespo n de n t of -dei 2 formin g pro n oun s

g , p o
. s x p ; ,
. .
from d e m stems an d from advs of plac e t pl c orrespo n den t of

. .
, .
-dei 3 derivative p o s t fix forming prop er n ames from n o un s t l

; .
p , , .
c orrespo n den t of dei ; 4 p o s t fix e d to n ouns an d c ertain pro n oun s

~
.
to emphasize possessive c ase t pl c orrespon den t of —dei ; 5 ad v e r , . .
bial p o s t fix cp -dei ; 6 p art icip al verb p o st fix t pl c orrespon den t

,
. .
,
.
of -dei [cp possibly -n - oc -t

g .n oun an d adj e c tive p o s t fix ] ,
’
, .
F or us e as adverbial p o s t fix c p k t iH-g oc to -morrow ; .

‘
,
ou-g oc yon der ; t Q H-g oc lo ng ago ; m Hm -g oc o n high ; t oc -g oc from

’
,
‘
, ,
’ ’
,
afar .
- oc in c n- oc douy -ci-dei too mu c h

’
—
g g g , .
- oc- d i m - céd H J e i- a c abbage

g H n gQ H g g , .
- oc-t adj ’
t fi t l of - C k - dark k - -t
“ ‘ ’
g ,p o s x p .
n p QHn ,; Qng cc . . .
, ,
t pl . e tc .
g gp
c -H e - goup to swap [g og-p-H -e un explain ed ; goup to hit]
, ,
.
é it -ts e i-g cgp-H e -goup we are goin g to swap horses

’
, .
i- oc for oc hei- oc
p H t ccpp H d l h o u dlh e idl g e ig ccp einh e idl
‘
g g
e g , g .
,
he killed a buffalo and butchered it ge ig cc k oce an d .

‘
then he skin n ed it .
g iH p p re o u n d form of -
g iH n ni ght , .
s is g
- oc e dit in the morn in g [g ift s n ight ; -g oc]
. . s ie g e h e i m
’
,
sh e died in the morning k i e id l g n cc yesterday morn in g

‘
.
, .
64 BU E R A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY am
r . 34
n -
n (g iH in n ight ; in the ni ght .
n g iH it - -S H dl
,
Is a hot night n -S H dl g n y H it w as .
, hot last night g n y H .
h ei m she died in t h e night

’
, .
-pou di -pou t -d cc night in se c t (of any kin d )

g iH (an II ; n .
,
[night bug] .
gou-b oc (go ub cc pun c t n e g ; go ub o up c urs ; go ub e id cc fut ;

’ ’
,
.
,
.
’
, .
go ub cc d cc fut n e g ; goubei to miss (n o t to hi t ) Opp of

’ ’
, .
, . .
gu o c to hit , n g - o u b cc I missed it .
(the bull s eye )
’
,
’
— .
h cgn n -go ub cc I did n o t mis s it p I am miss

-bou - o u b o u
n
’
g ,
.
,
ing it all the tim e h cgn n I am n o t goin g t o mis s .
it H-goubei you miss it ! poue H—go ub e id cc do n t miss it !

.
’
,
’ ’
,
’
gou-p (in an plan t vine . goup d é i-b Q H I s aw the vin e , .

,
( but re c orded o n a n other o cc asio n as p gH cc goup n t -b

Q H I s aw
’
,
o n e vin e ) goup n t—b Q H I s aw the t pl vin es

.
,
. .
p (gu ccgu cc g u och H c urs ; g u ccd cc fut ; g u cc im p )

’ ’
u -
g o , ,
.
,
.
, ,
to hit (e g with stick ) whip ; to poun d ; to p e e k Cp g cgp-H e

. .
, . .
goup to swap ; -k u cc -ku cc hitter ; t H h o u-goup to whip ; zout

, ,
’
,
‘ ’
,
s y Hn - goup to be a waterfall ; zou t -b H -t oue-goup to eddy

,
‘
, .
-goup I hi t him - u ocd cc I s hall hi t him

n n g n
’
. .
, ,
goup I hi t him with a sti ck H -dou n —gu ccd cc I am going to

,
.
’ ’
.
‘
’
,
hit h im with a sti ck n -goup bout cc k ccdl H dl

é -goup - dou I ’
i
'
’ ’ ’
j .
,
hit h im be c ause he hit me H-gu oc hit h im ! poue H-g u cch H .

’ ’
,
’
,
don t hi t him ! ’
poue H—g u ccd cc n —gu ccgu cc I am pecking it ’ ’
.
,
.
h e ig cc -goup (or n -goup instead of last word ) I p e e k e d it ,
already n -guccd cc I am goin g to p e e k it n -k ou-gu ay i cc

.
’
,
.
‘ ’
,
I am goin g to be pe c kin g it n o w .
-gou-p n o un po s t fix in t cce -gou-p g—strin g t cce -dei t pl ; t H e -gou-p

, , , , , .
,
c over t H e -dei d pl , ,
.
gou p-t Q n-b oc (in an II ; gou p-t Q H

‘
stem (e g of apple ear of .
“ ‘
,
. .
,
c or n e t c ) goup
, pla n t ;
- t.
Qu sti c k ;
-b oc] H dl c
,x -
g o u pt a cc
‘
, .
’ ‘
’ ‘
,
apple stem e it H dl -go u pt Q Hb cc stem of ear of c orn .

’ ‘ ‘
,
.
gQ H -m (does n o t o cc u r w i thout postpositio n or p o s t p o u n d e d stem in
the material obtain ed ) back in g Q Hm -cg at the back o n the back ; , ,

’
, ,
a m -t
Qn ba c kbo
‘
n e -
; gQH ,
m -b H behi n d ; e t c [ p g
c u —e behi n d
] ,
. .
,
.
-c at the ba k -c at C - -cc -t S o u at the b ack of

]
’ ’ ’
gQ g I m g c , g p gQ H m ,
. .
,
.
-k oup my ba c k a ches lit it pains me in the ba ck

g ou g y H
-c ’ ‘
m , ,
. .
-d cc he is o n my ba c k
u H- g yH
’
m -c ’
a ,
.
-gQ I I m
,
- -
H tsou p o s t p
’
at the ba c k of beh ,
in d tou -
gQ U Q r n
.
- c-tsou
, , .
’
ta he c ame from behin d the house = tou-gQ um -b H-tsou t a

, ,
.
-gQ H m -b H
p o s t p behi n
,
d p H gQ H
n - m b H p o
.c ,
k cc the moo n is .
‘ ’
,
behi d a cloud p Hn-t ccn pcc kcc t e id l H-a m b H kn e e pit

n =
,
‘ ‘ ’ ’
, , ,
lit ba ck of the kn ee t Hdl iH tou-a m b H dei the boy is stan ding

. .
‘
,
back of the house .
-a m —b H -t s ou
p o s t p beh in d tou ,
-
a m b H -tsou t
a he
.
,
.
,
c ame from beh in d the house tou-a m -cg-tsou t a ,

’
.
nr nnm e r o n] VOCABULA RY OF KI OWA LA NGUAGE 65
gQHm -d (a m d e ip , to blow (of win d ) .

a m d e ip ,
the win d is blowin g no w .
- i a II - - - c abbage [ e x
’
a m -
g oc- d H — c i g oc ( n n ; a
’
m g oc d H ci .
“
,
plain ed as win d frui t or vegetable ; -goc-d H un explain ed ; ci-g oc ’

,
fruit vegetable] ,
.
- app -m win d air [ Tew a wq

‘
- I
gQ u m n ( a n ; a In . .
, ,
win d] g on y n b Q H I saw the win d

H - .
.
,
-b e n to c eas e to blow (of wind - - the

é b ’
)
’
gQ H m g
’
, im a m eg n .
,
win d q uit blowing .
gQ H m -h -
H n (app ’
in a n I ) pe n da n t ha n g in g dow n ba .c k ; c p .
, .
Moon ey p 4 03 [ ba ck met al ] ,
. .
gQ H m -k i H b cc ( goum
‘
-k iH b o u p o ur s ) to blow (of w in d ) [ k i H b cc to ‘
, ,
‘
,
walk o ff fly away] ,
m iH n c ) i gQ um k iH b o up the win d is
m - .
’ “
,
going to blow ouei g Q um -k iH b cc the whirlwin d

.
’ ‘
,
wen t away from over yo n der .
gQ u m -t e
H (g Q u m -t
He -m c
g to be striped o n the b ack [ to be ,
back whi te] t H dl -a t Q H I saw the striped

-b
e n .
,
skun k t H dl-a t em cg d é i-b Q u I saw t pl striped skunks

”
'
.
.
, .
- i ( II - b - c hi pmun k [ expl ain ed

’ ‘ ’
b
“
gQH m t H e a n ; gQH m t H o u p .
,
as meaning the win d c arries him but t H b e i c arrier o fl is ac tiv e ,

‘ ’
,
’
,
e g in Z a
. . tree s quirrel lit nut c arrier off ; from h H b cc , .
’
,
to c arry off] .
a m -t
Q n ( a
‘
n II ; g Q H m -t
Q n - oc
g . ba c kbo n e [ ba c k bo n e] Cp ‘
, . .
t H-g Q Hm t -
’
Qu mi l ky -way “
n c ga ,
m -t I my ba c kbo n e
QI .
‘
,
.
-t s d e i to be blo wn o n win d t s d e i to travel move ’

[ H ]
’
gQ H m H , , , .
-t s d e i H e iH b e i the pollen is blowin g o n the win d

n gQ H- ’ ’ “
m H p , .
gu oc (gu ccg cc pun c t n e g ) to be wise Cp pei-gu oc to revive (from

’
, .
, . .
,
fain ting ) H m ki .H -t a —
t yH n gu oc you are very wise
’ ‘ ’
—
, .
nc c yH -gu oc I am very wise h cgn y H - u cc cc I am n o t wise ’

, g g .
, .
-gu oc b H t k am wise -gu oc I used to

yH I hi I h yH
’
n H n .
,
be wise gu oc-h ei y H-d cc I am no t wis e

.
,
.
gu oc (gu oc -dl to owe C p k u cc-t to owe

,
. .
,
.
b H- gu adl let us o w e h im ! ,
-gu oc p o st p toward to
, .
,
hH yH m where are you go , .
’ ’
in g to go to ? kou p - gu oc H I am going to go to the moun
”
’
tain Pe ipcc e idl-gu oc H—a m m I am goin g to go down to

’ ’
Re d River lit big san d ri ver , L awton-gu oc H—a ru H I am

.
“
.
’
going to go to L awton pcc-gu oc H-a m m I am go ing to go .

’ ’
to t h e river sH p e i—gu oc H-a m H I am going n orth .

’ ’
, .
-gu oc t pl n oun an d adj p c st fix in c c-lEiH Ki owa m an c c-gu oc

, . .
, , , ,
t pl ; s cc e to be swift s oc e-gu oc t pl ; e t c
’ ’
.
, , , . .
-gu oc in tei-gu oc—t e ib e i sn ail ‘

, .
gu oc— cgm n
’
to get w ise , gu oc I am getting smart . .
ki
‘
e idl y H -gu oc— c m I got smart yes terday k y n c h n cc ’ ‘
g n ,
.
y Hg
- uoc-c m d e it cc tomorrow I am goin g t o get smar t ’
k t
‘
g , n cc .
66 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
hcgn Hgu oc y
— tomorrow I shall n o t get smart poue .
-gu oc do t be smart -gu oc-c m d e i you be

yH yH
’ ’
n n ! n g ,
smart n o w !
gu oc-b H (gu ccb cc punc t n e g ; gu ccb e ip c urs gu ccb e it cc fut g u ccb ccf cc
'
’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
.
, , .
,
fut n e g ; g u ccb e i
. to hit (no t to miss ) O pp of gou—b oc to , . .
’
,
miss Cp gou—p to hit ; and possibly gu oc-p-g oc to fall down

. .
, , .
- u ab H I hi t him when I shot at him h u

c ( ) g n g
o - u ccb cc ’
gy gc ,
.
,
I did n o t hi t him n -bou-gu ccb e ip I am hitting the mark all .

,
the tim e n -gu ccb e it cc I shall hit it h cgn n

. I ’
,
.
shall no t hit it n -gu ccb e i hit it ! poue n . don t ,

’
hit it ! heit d cc-g u ccb e i let us hi t it n -t cctg ccn e i h cgn é j gu ccb cc ,

.
‘ ’ — ’
,
I took a shot at him but did n o t hi t him .
-gu oc-b H p o s t p behin d beyo n d [cp gQ H-m back ; gu-e behind]

,
.
, ,
.
, .
tou-e idl-gu o c H-ki l I live beyon d the large house

’ ’
, .
B ut tou-e idl -t oc H-t a ’

I c ame from beyo n d the large house
‘ ’ ’
,
.
gu oc-b H-tsou p o st p from behin d Cp gue behind ; -a m -b H

,
.
,
. .
,
tsou from behin d ; e t c

,
tou-e idl -gu c c t so u d ei I .
’
started from behin d the big house .
gu oc-d oc (in an II ; gu oc rib = gu oc

. gu oc-t Q Hb cc ri b [cp , ,
'
,
.
Tewa wci breast] Cp ky H t H e —gu ccd cc the lowes t rib lit the
, . .
, , .
c hief s ri b
’
.
gu oc-dl (gu oc-t -d cc t pl ; gu oc-dl gu oc-t in ,

1 c olored ; 2 red .
,
. . .
Cp Sp an c oloreado an d c olorado C gu -dl -h c n to burn t r ’

. .
[ p oc g ; . .
, .
gu oc-dl-h cgn to be burn t ] Cp gucct to pain t mark ; k u cc-t to

,
.
, , ,
be pain ted h cgn d e i gu ccdl what c olor ? h H t so u d e i g uccdl

.
,
’
,
what c olor ? n -gu ccdl -b cc d H the red c ame up (said of the ’

,
dawn ) n -gu ccdl-b cc d H -ci h e ig cc é it -h H we d pl got up when

.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
dawn c ame gu ccdl -t s eig cc red horses .

,
.
-gu oc-dl in t o n-guccdl youn g m an [poss ibly gu oc-dl red] , ,

.
g u ccdl -c m
g ei to redde
’
n t r ,
to pai n t red n g - u ccdl-c m d cc I
g .
,
.
’
,
am go ing to pain t it red dye it red ,

.
-b iH m k cce in an pai t bag y H e Indi an

dl dl = u a dl —h ’
( [g
’
g u cc n u cc g .
,
red pain t ; biH m k cce bag] ‘

,
.
d l-d cc to be red d cc to be
g u cc [ , ] ,
.
g u ccdl -h c n
g (g u ccdl pu n c t n e g ; g u ccdl -
h cga c urs ; g u ccdl .
, .
h cgn t cc fut ; gu ccd l fut ne g ) to be burn t get b ur nt

'
’
.
, .
, ,
(a n subj
. e c t ) [g u ccd l c olored red here c v referri n g to fire ; h og
-n
, , .
,
to burn Cp g u ccdl —h og u to burn t r ] Cp g u ccdl -k cgn-d cc to .

’
,
. .
‘
,
be burn t ; t s e in —h ogu to get burn t -h o u the hors e

ts ei g u ccd l g ,
.
,
got burn t s c orched ts e i h cgn gu ccdl

,
the hors e did n o t get .
burn t ts e i g u ccdl-h cga

. the horse is goin g to get b urn t poue ,
.
’
éi g
m - u ccd l don t get burn t ! b egn g u ccdl he ’
will get burn t .
g u ccd l-h c n
g (g u ccd l
’
pu n c t n e g ; g u ccdl -h c n m c c urs
g g ; g u ccdl .
’
,
.
h cgn t cc fut ; g u ccd l fut n e g ; gu ccdl—h cg n to

’ ’
, ,
. .
68 B URE A U OF AME RI CA N ET HNOLOGY
o n eself in or
out ; to danc e Cp k u ccn -lEiH dan c er ; k u ocn-n . .
, ,
danc e ; thrown away thing ; k y H e -guccn to j ump ; o ub H

k u ccn ,
‘
,
’
g u ccn ,
to dive ; p oue t e idl H dl d H gu ccn t o turn somersaul t ;
- — - ’ ‘ ’
,
n g t - uccn d cc I am goi n g to throw

’
, it away d ei- u ccn
g 1 I .
, .
rushed in ; 2 I dan c ed d ei-bou-gu ccn m cg I danc e all the t irn e

. .
, .
d ei-Ra tou - I am da i g the da e i-ccdl -d cc

’
d
’ ’
g u n
cc m cg n c n s u n n c e ,
.
g uccnm cg I am dancin g the s c alp dan c e

, .
u c n -d c m danc e-groun d dan cin g -pla c e

g c g , , .
g u ccn -b
iH tipi pole
,
= u ccn -b
g iH re al ] , , .
- u ccn-h o u dl in pou- u ccn -h o udl mu skr at

g g ,
.
g u ccn -m
He to hook ,
with hor n s [ w gu oc-n c
p c g
-dei horn
;
-m He- . .
, ,
un explain ed] cg g ccp iH é i- k ccdl -gu cca

.
e the buff al o hooked
’ ’ ’
,
me .
- oc ( u cc cc pun c t n e
p g g pg g ; gu ccpg o up c urs ; g u ccpd e id cc fut ;
’ ’
g u cc ,
.
,
.
,
.
g u c cpg c c d cc fut ’
n e g ; g u c
’
cp d, e i to fall dow
. n C p go u -
p , . .
'
to hit ; gu oc-b H to miss d ei-g u ccpg cc I stumbled

,
h cgn d ei .
, .
g u cc pg cc I did n
’
o t
,
fall do w n d ei-bou - u cc
g pg o up I f all down all .
,
the tim e h cgn ( Hn ) d ei-gu ccpg cc I n ever fall down d ei-gu ccb
.
’ ’
,
.
d e id cc I am goin g to fall down h ogn d ei I am n o t

’
, .
goin g to fall down b H i-g u ccpd e i fall down ! poue b ei-g u ccpd e id cc
.
,
’
,
do n o t fall down !
g u ccpn - (g p g
u cc - cc-t rough C p lio u - u cc cc t w ar-cl u b
p g pg
’
,
. .
’
, ,
lit rough kn ob
. .
-d cc to be rough d cc to be
pn d pn -d oc ’
- u cc
[ ]
’ ’
g u cc ,
H cc ci g ,
.
,
the stic k is rough H H i g pn d cc the two sti c ks are rough

u cc - .
’ ’ ’
—
,
.
H d cc d é i a n cg H i—gu ccpn -d cc I saw the rough sti c k

’ ’ ’
— .
,
gu oc—t (g u ccd cc punc t n e g ; gu cct d cc c urs gu ccd ld cc fut ; gu ccd cc d cc

’
,
.
, .
’
,
.
’ ’
,
fut n e g ; gu ccdl
. to mark pain t write Cp k u cct to be , , ,
. .
,
pain ted ; t o ne-gu cct to spot ; g uccdl to be red ; e t c ,

n qc ,
.
- u cct I pain ted it - u cct d cc I am abo t to pain t it

n g ,
h e ig n g
cc u .
,
.
h ogu n -gu ccd cc I did no t pain t it k t n cc n -g u ccdl d cc ’

,
.
‘ ’
,
to-morrow I shall pain t it h ogn n I did n o t pain t it . .
hei t n qct -gu ccdl let us write it poue t -gu ccdld cc don t write , .
’
,
’
it ! 120 2n n
’
t - u ccdld cc I am goin g t b draw a pi c t u re o n your
g
’
,
g u cct -EiH
( an . I; g u cct -d cc
,
artis t (m an ) .
g u cct -Eo u
( g u cct -ko u -b cc
, g u cct -ko u - oc
g , t pl ; .
g u cct -Eo u in c omp .
)
yellow [gu oc-t red ; -l€o u un explain ed] g u cct fio u —
ts ei n Q H
-b
,
.
,
I s aw a yellow horse gu cct lEo ub cc yellow pain t .

,
.
-d cce in an III
g u cct ko u ( ) s ul phur [yellow medic in e] .
,
.
Gu cct -k cce -dei p e rsn of James W aldo [said to mean n e w b ufl al o —hi de

‘ ’
”
,
.
g ucct red ; k cce skin ; dei] H is re c e t ame is ou k e t ccdl

- n n R ‘
t - oc - ‘
,
, .
“
lean elk .
gu oc t ei m (in an II ; gu oc t Q u
- ' ’
- rib Cp gu oc d gu Q H b oc
- oc .oc-t - “ ‘
,
. .
,
“
,
rib .
3 33 3 3 43 3 03 ] V OC A B U LA RY or K I OWA LANGUAGE 69
gu -
oc t
‘
Qu
-b oc i a
(n n . II ; “
gu -
oc t
i
Q n, ri b . Cp . gu oc gu oc-d oc ,
rib .
- ’
-
g u cct H y oc ( n n
’
i a
III ) writing table [wri ting wood plac e] Cp .
,
. .
g u cct H -d cc
- ’
en p pe n c il , , .
gu oc-y oc (in an III ) a writin g plac e

’
.
,
.
c g p r e p o u n d form of c g
-dei hor n , .
c g
-dei an II
( ; gug c d cc t l
p ; gug . c in hor n C p t
— - c dei
g ng ,
. .
,
deer-horn ; t So u—g rgcg great horn ed o wl lit down-horn , ,

. .
g ugc -dei (a n II ; g u cg
-
g oc afterbirth
.
= s y H n -
g u cgd e i lit c hild , , ,
.
afterbirth [ app c o nn ec ted with gu b H behind ; gue behin d ; - oc- .

, ,
g Q Hm the back] .
- c - oc in t Hn g uog-g oc forehead
g ng g r ,
.
-sei t -d cc (in an II g u oc-seidl

; spear [ g u cg u n explain ed ; w
c g .
, .
-s e i-dl c -b oc to stab
p s e i ] .
,
.
g u- e adv ,
beh in d out s ide
.
,
outdoors [ c p gu oc- b H ,
beh in d ; gQ u
-m the , .
,
back] gue H he is c oming behin d gue t o uy H he is

.
’
,
.
‘
,
walking behin d (after us ) gue d cc-H he is c o ming behin d us .

’
, .
gue H-t cc I am going to follow behi nd gue t cc he is outside ;

’ ’
,
.
’
,
ah cc t cc he is inside gue eih cc H I am S itting outside

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
ct .
,
.
here gue H . I am goin g to go outside ’

.
Gu n —e — -k i H (G u —e —
n
—
g oc t l
p ; G u - e -
n in c omp ) P awn ee m an , . .
[g u —e —
n u n expla in ed ;
-kiH
] .
guen -p eip (in an ‘

dogwood [ P awnee bush] . .
gue-tsou adv behin d outside , . gue-tsou H

,
I was outs ide , .
’
.
-
n 1 n ou
,
n p o s.t fi x ; g
- cc -t t l c orrespo n den t 2
p ; p o s t p at o n in ;
’
,
. . .
, , ,
3 adverb
.
p o s t fi x [ p g
c - oc -
g o c -t ] 1 k Qu n
- dark ; k Qng
- cc t
.
,
’
. .
‘
,
‘ ’
,
t pl 2 kt .
iH H n tou
.
n bou —t cc the m an stays at home all the
’ ’ ’
,
time d cgm -n . ci- t cc we are o n the groun d t o up o u t -n

’ ’
,
.
‘
de i I am goi n g to s it in the shade = d ei-t o up o u t ,

‘
p nH prai
’
r i e p gH i,
H - b H f-cc I am go ing to go out o n the
.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
prairie piHn t H dl-n m -gu ccn the gopher wen t in to his hole
.
'
, ,
p iH n b o u d l p t -
n m - u ccn
g L awto n - cc ki
‘
gy l he is livin g at .
,
L awto n t H dl -n n -k u cct I got him out of the hole = b o u dl

.
’ ‘
, ,
p t
‘
-
n n -Z
a tou — i H
g
-t
a I reached home p H by o u e .
’
, .
’ ’
tou-n H I am go ing to where my brothers live t H dli H

’
.
‘ ’
t Q H-n
‘
Hn the boy is sitt’
in g i
’
n the water ,p H e -
n h ei m .
’
,
he died in the s ummer ; c t t o u pd e i p H e h ei m he died last summer .

’
, .
SH e- n h ej m he died in the wi n ter

’
h, H -
g i H —h cc
n where .
’ ’ ’
,
have you got it ? s cc ccdl —n n -h cc n I have it in my mouth ’ ’

,
hH - b H g cc-goup where did he hi t you ? beidl-n

’
,
—goup he hi t me in the mouth

éi -
é i goup he hit
-
’ ’ ’
, t H n ,
me in the ey e m cgn-n t So u n -dou I have a sto n e ’

,
in my han d ocdl - n d ei .I am goin g to Wash my hair

’
.
ccdl t Q H- -goup he me the head -

éi
’ ‘
hi
’
n t o n 3 E iH n , . .
,
afterward .
70 BURE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (3 3 3 3 34 .
n bou -
pQH n g oc (in a
- n II ; n
-b ou- --
p QH n bullroarer
- .
“
,
-bou un explain ed ; p oly p re p o un d form of p one to soun d in tr ; , , .
-
n n ou n p o s t fi ,
x ;
- oc n oun
g p o s t fi x ] n - bou -
pn yH , .
n t I made several bullroarers .
- u ccd l-d a -dei i a beet = u ccdl -ci- oc the red fruit

(
’ ’
n g n n g g [ ] .
, .
n g — u ccd ld cc d e i t -b
Q H I s aw some beets
’
n , .
-
n -e in h H -
n e whi c h o n e ? -
n ; -ci]
’
, .
- 1 n oun o s t fix In k cc- lif f H prai i e k ou - ’ ’ ‘

n p p ,
.
n p c p n p r ; n p , , , ,
body ; e t c 2 po st p at o n in y iH —n p o n both sides ; e t c

. . .
, , , .
- -
ln ; p]
n -t ’ ‘
a -b oc,
’
p o st p .
, o n, beyon d back of ,
-
n ; -
b oc] . Cp .
-
n p , on .
yi H ky H t H e ky H t o u d cc, the fol
lowers of the chi efs on both sides g e i h e ig cc h cgn y iH
.
-
t H H an d o n n either S ide w as it kn own
’ ’
h He
’
n g cc
where they side ) wen t to (the other .
n -t H - b Q Hnm cge ten dril (e g of watermelo n v in e ) [ it Ii pe indi c ate s

’
, . .
n it ; t H to b e Ii pe ; a
-n g e to in d ic ate ; a
-m c - ’
to s e e ; , ,
-n -m cg-e un explain ed ] I t was stated that K iowas tell whether

, .
watermelo ns are ripe by looking to s e e if the ten drils are c urled .
C t m cglf u ccnn goup ten dril (of other vin es than watermelo n )
.
- -
, .
-t H -s ccdl - oc in an II -dei d -dei

; n
-t H - dl -t H - dl
’
g (
’ ’ ’
; ci
“
n s cc s cc .
,
.
,
c o c o n ut [ the o n e that has eyes ] .
h oc, int e rr particle [ Tewa h é in terrogative part icle]

. h oc k ccdl , .
( H dl ) t Q 11 do you wan t some water ? h ccn e i n o

’
h cc
’ “
, , ,
t -s a d e id cc have you been workin g ?

’
h oc t H n is it (the
’
, ,
watch ) a good o n e ?
-h oc -h
, cc possibly in b cc
’
dl -
h oc h i
ll ; tou -
h cc c liff ;
-t cc-h oc (in m c -
g t cch cc
’
,
’
, ,
to be hook-n osed ; Kou p-t cch cc-s ccdl range of moun tain s ; t cn ’
,
‘
t cch cc-s ccdl waterfall )

’
.
,
h oc (hn u cc pun c t n e g ; h t d cc c urs ; b i oc fut hn u ccd cc

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, ,
.
,
.
,
.
fut n e g ; h iH
. to brin g [ cp possibly h cc-d ,
to take ; .
’
ha n - ’
to get ; or Tewa h e o ,
to take alo n g bri n g] C p p cc-h oc ’
, , . .
’ ’
,
to take al o ng ; b oc to bring ; k cg n to bring h e ig cc g cct ’

,
’
,
.
bi oc w e will b rin g it to you = h e ig cc g O ct

’
, ,
-h cc p o s t p at in the mann er of in iH-h oc -h cc here -h cc ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’

ei
’
, .
, , ; cc , , , ,
ccp - h oc there ; t so u dl - h cc thus ; e t c After ci -h oc appears as

’ ’ ’ ’
, , .
,
- h y cc due to retrogressio
’
n of h e oue -h there C p
-cc
’ ’ ’
, ; g y c
x .
, , . .
,
at ; -y oc at ’
,
.
-h cc e g oc p o s t p beside n ear h cc as in cc b
- - - h - H beside ; - c i ;
-g oc]
’
,
.
, , ,
.
t Hd liH tou -h cce g cc dei the boy is sta n ding by the house
‘
.
,
h cc affirmat ive parti cle yes [ Tewa h H y e s]

’ ‘
.
, , ,
-h cc in G u (oc) -h cc -dei prsn explain ed as meaning H e C uts Ribs

’ ’ “
,
.
,
Ofi
77
.
3 3 3 3 3 4 33 3 3 1 VOCABULARY or K I OWA LANGUAGE 71
-
h a in Hi g dou he soars ; see
m fi e udl t o uh a -c m -
- - tou h a
’ ’ ’ ’
,
- - ’
h a -b H adv be s ide at o n e side [h a as in - h cc-e -g oc be s ide ; -b H ]

’ ’
,
.
, ,
, .
Al so used as p o s t p C p h a -b H -p o n the side of t a -b H . .

’
, .
’
h a -b H é j-t Q ud cc t al k in to my ear !
’ ’
,
-h a -b H p o s t p
’
beside at o ne side of c lose to Cp h c b H adv
,
.
, ,
’
, . .
, .
ccdl -h a b H at o n e side of the head referrin g to a style of

’ ’
, ,
hairdressing ; cp ccdl -h a b H -kiH .

’ ’
.
- h a -b H -p p o s t p o n the side of [ c p - h a b H beside] n cc koup

’ ’
, ,
. .
, .
g
ha p H -k i l I live o n the side (o n the slope ) of the moun tain

’ ’
, ,
,
= n cc H-ki l koup -h a p
’ ’
.
g
h cc-d
’
( h a d e id cc to take [ p
c h a -
n to get take]
’
, .
’
, , .
k egn n I am goin g to pull the s c ab off .
h a -n
’
punc t n e g ; h a d cc c urs ; h a d cc fut ; .
’
, .
’ ’
, .
fut ne g ; h oc h a b ou im p h a h e idl infer h a gu cch e idl infer

.
’
,
’
, .
’
, .
’ ’
, .
ne g ; k a in to get take [Tewa x é -Ij to get] Cp

‘ ’
, , . .
k cg d cc-h a n
’
to buy ; m cgn - k
’
ccn —h a
n to take a han dful ;
,
‘
g
’
,
BiH -h a n to marry a m an ; t H -h a n
’
, to marry a woman ‘ ’ ’
, .
”
m cgn -dou n —h a n I took it wi th my han d n a b H-h oc ’
, .
g
’
,
let s get it ! n cc n
’
I am goin g to get it Hm Hg
-h cc .
’ ’ ’
,
you get it ! m iHn d é i I am about to take or get it .
é>i-h a h e idl he took them h cgn H he did no t take

’ ’ ’
g i ,
.
them poue H . do n t get them ! Hm m H in h oc you get

’ ’ ’
— ’
,
them (the two milk bags ) ! h H gi (H ) Hh a n where have you ’ ’

— ’
,
got it ? scc ccdl —n n -h a n I have it in my mouth ’ ’

,
dei—b a d oc I have been taking (or am taking ) them all the tim e
’
,
(referring to buyin g c attle ) h cgn d é i bou I am n o t buy .

—
in g them all the time hei t poue b eit let us n o t take it ! .
n -t a —h a
n
‘
I took her ’
for w ife ts ei Q n h a n I took
’
t rI -
, .
‘
g
’
,
the water away from the horse H-h a h o u take it ! .

’ ’
,
h og-n n e g particle n o t [cp h a -n-ci n o ; h e ] away ; -h ej privative

’
,
.
,
.
, , ,
n oun an d adj p o s t fix ] Cp poue proh particle . h cgn d ei . .

, . .
b o u d a d cc I shall n o t get en ough to eat

’
h cgn k i e idl d ei
’ ’
,
.
I did n o t sin g yesterday h ccn k ccd l é im -b Q 11m a h e idl .

’
g
’
,
they did no t se e anybody .
h og-n in t e rr pro n what ? [ Tewa h cj—rj

,
. Cp b egn-dei what ?
.
, , .
,
h cgn -dou w h y ? h H d e idl n cg h cgn who an d what ?

’
, ,
h cg -n
’
pun c t n e g ; h cgnh cc h cga c urs ; h cgn to .
’
, .
,
fin ish t r fi n i sh eati n g eat .up , [ Tewa h j Ij to fini sh t r to eat up

c -
, ,
.
, ,
- x cI-m -h é to c ease] Cp a rn- h cg n win d c eases to blow

‘ ’
.
,
.
g ,
h H n to eat ; p cc to eat h e ig cc n -h og n n cg b H-b H when

’ ’ ’
,
.
, ,
you finish your dinn er let s go ! m dc-h og n fin ish it ! b ec-h cg n you ,

’ ’
,
’
,
t pl fini sh it ! h cgn y H I d id n o t finish it y H -h ccnd cc I

’
,
. .
g
”
shall fin ish it m iHn y H-h cca I am about to fin ish it
.
g , .
h og -n
’
p unc t n e g ; h cgn d cc to w in [ possibly the same as .
’
,
h gt —n to finish I am goin g to win t h e gam e ’

é it
’
.
,
72 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (3 3 3 3 . 34
b eit -h cgn d cc are goin g to win the game ’

,
we h cc n we w o n . b é iti g
’
,
.
h cgn h H b e i cit we n either of us w o n

’ ’
.
h oc-n (h cg in c omp ) to fini sh in tr c ease be c on sumed be satiated

’
. .
, , , ,
In k d l-h cg n
‘
to get we t through ; Q H h cgn to c ease talking ;
t -
, ,
t H p -h cgn to dry up in tr ; t s ein-b egn to get burn t [ Tewa -

‘
,
h é -Ij to .
, ,
finish
-h cg -n to bur n,
in tr in g u cc dl —h cgn to get bur n t ; g u ccdl h cc d e i fli cker
- .
, , g
’
,
Tewa -I thin g burn s

[ h é j ] ,
.
-h cg -n to burn t r in g u ccdl —h cg n to burn tr

’
, [ Tewa h j j to burn
c -I
.
,
’
,
.
,
( a thin g ) ; é H to make a burn o n tr

h —n
,
.
h cgn -dei (h cgn - g oc t pl but -h c n

c -dei- oc when formin g in strumen t al
g ,
.
, g
n oun s of class in an II ) what ? what kind of ? something thing ; .

, ,
also used as a p o st p o un d to form n ouns of in strumen t e g b Q Ii eb H , . .

g
t o ub H -h cgn d e ig cc strain er ; p iH h o u t -h ccn d e ig cc flyin g ma chin e [h og-n

‘
, g , ,
what ? ; -dei] Cp b egn what ? h H -tso rI -dei what kind of ? . .

,
’
g ,
h cgn d e i what (do you wan t ) ? = h cgn -dei m cfi

, cn—d cc? h cg n d e i g u ccdl ,
what c olor ? h H t so u d e i gu ccdl what kin d of c olor ? h cgnd e i-dou

= ’
,
m -t cct g cc what did he shoot with ? d -

n h o u dl I
’
h i
‘
, Hm cgn e ,
killed your s n cc h cgn d e i it is min e h cgnd e i (h a kk iH t a

.
g , .
’
,
what kin d of a person (tribesman ) c ame ? h cgng cc H-t a who t pl ’

,
.
c ame ? h cgng cc h a lEy c c H t a ( t a where we sho ul d expec t

H - ’ ’ ’
—
é i-t a ) what kin d O f tribesmen c ame ? Ky H e gu cc C omanches

’
, ,
o u e id e i h ogn h cg nd ei H
’
n—b H e n -d oc that m an does no t ’
,
kn ow anythin g h cgn y H-h H e g cc h cgnd e i . I do n o t ’
know what h e is doin g h ccn d e i a m cg he is doin g something tei .

’ ’
, .
h cgn d e i everythin g s a d e I-
, h cgn d e i a tool lit a work thin g .
’
, , . .
h cgn-dou adv wh y ?, ( g
h o n what ? -dou
po st p
.
, by] n cc , ,
.
,
.
g
h cgn—dou what (do you wan t ) how no w w h y ? h ogu -dou b egn

, , ,
H-h o ugu cc w h y didn t you kill him ?

’
,
’
h a In terj of pain . .
ha g
breath in S H dl-h a -t Q 11-n steam lit hot breath water ;
,
’ ‘
g , , .
h a —Z Q I1n to breathe [ Tewa h cj breath life]

’
g , , , .
h cg p re p o un d form of h a-n metal iro n

’ ’
, , .
h cc- c c S Q 1Im metal c omb [metal hairbrush]

’ ’
g g , .
h cc -cgnk iH -
‘
g
’ ’
g (
o c in a n
’
II ; h c c railroad -train [h a iro n ; .
g
’ ’
n omin al form of to go alo ng ; -g oc]

’
ccnk iH ccnhi H -
‘ ’
g
t g , .
h cg - cgnk iH -g oc b eit— ogru the train whistled

’ ’ ‘ ’
, .
h a -H t —n
’ ’
(an II ; h cg buffalo fish [h a metal ; w
.
’ ’
.
-H t c ’
-H t -doup to be roun d - a t : the n ame is said to refer
“ ’ ’
p p oc .
; g ,
to dis c s the siz e of a half dollar o n that fish] .
h cc- cit -d oc (in an II ; h cg -e idl anvil [ big iron] — -e it d cc

’ ’ ’ ’
t
“ ’ ’
.
g , .
d é i-b Q H I s aw the an vil , .
h a —g a -t (in an II ; h cg -n pie c e of metal

’ ’
d pl ; h a in “ ’ ’
.
, .
,
iro n or wire Cp ccd l-h cc-n mon ey lit metal with a head
, . .
’
g
’
, , .
3 4 3 3 3 4 34 3 3 1 V O CAB U LARY or KI O WA LANGUAGE 73
stamped o n it ; a n wedge h ag a t d é i
’
QH t ccS H -
-
-b II I ’’
h
’
-
,
.
’ ’
g ,
saw a pie c e of iro n h cc- n b Q H I saw the iron

t - ’
n .
g ,
h cg -k
’
u cct (in a n telegraph type w ri ter .t -t Q k u cct [ iro n
1 1-
, ,
—
.
’
g
writing—in strumen t] Cp h ag a t d ei-gu ccd cc I am goin g to tele . .

’ ’ ’
,
graph lit I am goin g to wir e wri te

,
. .
h a k u cct -H -d cc (in an II ; h cg ku cct-H d pl ; h akucct - in

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
H .
, .
telegraph pole .
h a -Eoc (an II ; h a -l$

’ ’
a- g oc t l
p ; a h.
-fia in iron knif e g
’ ’
, .
’ ’
.
h cg -l€o udl -
’
H - oc (in an II h c -ko u dl ‘ ’
d l h g -ko udl - H in
’ ‘ ’
p g ; g p ; er p . .
bell [metal n ec k tied ; said origin ally of c o w or horse bell

tied aroun d the n ec k of the anim al] h a ko u dl p H n -l i .
g
’ ‘ ’
g ,
I saw the bells .
h a-lEy H -liiH (an II ; h og-ky H - alien m an m an of some other

'
g oc .
, ,
tribe- Wichi ta Arapaho Sioux O t o or any tri be other than the , , , ,
Ki owa [ un explain ed] h cgnd e i h cckk iH t a what kin d of .

g
’
,
tribesman c ame ?
h a-n-ci n e g parti cle no (in ans to questio n ) [h og-n n o t ; -ej un e x
’
.
, ,
.
, ,
plained] h cc k ccdl t Q H do you w an t some water ? h an ci

.
‘
,
’
,
h an e i b egn t g cct cc no it will n o t be severed

'
’ ’
no , , , .
h cc -p iH -d cc (in an II ; h a -p iH d pl ; h a -p iH in stove [iro n

‘
’ ' ’ ‘ ’ ‘
.
, .
g
-s oc I put them in the stove

fir e ] h ccp iH -d Q IIn n t
’ ‘
.
g g , .
ha - p ou (in an III ; h qc-p ou in

’ ‘
iron fishh o o k [p ou trap
.
’ ‘ ’
, ,
sn are fishh o o k] Cp t Q IIse i-p ou bo n e fish h o o k

,
. .
‘
g
‘
, .
h cc- s a -H - d cc (in an II ; h cc -s a d pl ; h egt -s a - H in

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
. .
g g
barbed wire fenc e post [iron put-in post] Cp fen c e . .
post lit plan ted field po s t

,
. .
h a- sei-sei-g oc (in an I ; h egt -se i-sei t pl ; h H-se i-sei in

’
iron
.
“ ’
, .
’
arrowhead .
h og-t -ku cct (in an t elegraph t yp ewri t e r = h egt - ku cct [iro n t al k ’

, ,
.
w ritin g- in s trum e n t]
h a -t a -k u cc (in an I ; h a-t a -k u cc In iron n ail [h a iron ; ’
’ ’ “ ’ ’
.
t a by a blow ; -k u cc hi tter fr gou-p to hit]

’
.
, , , .
h a t a ku cc
’
-m in an II h t -ccdl t Q u d pl ; h cc t cc k u cc
(
’ ’
k “ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
a a
‘
; u cc .
,
.
g
-ccdl t H in
’
ail head t dl -h
Q H e i d oc
‘
h
’ ’
k
’ ‘
Q n a a u cc cc t .
,
the n ail is headl ess .
h H-i H -dou—p (in an II ; h a -t H -dei d pi ; h H-t H in

’ ’
pie c e
.
“ ’ ’
, .
’ ’
of barbed wir e (fen cin g ) [iron enclosed : h a iron ; t H -d e i s hut in] ’ ’

,
.
.
"
Cp k H b o u dl iH h a t H d e i-e idl sheep ranch lit big sheep iro n
- ’ ’ ’
, , .
en closure .
h egt -t H t -d cc (in an II ; h cg -t H dl d pl ; h cg -t H dl in
’ ‘
. drill for ’ '
, .
’ “
borin g met al [iron borer : h cc ir on ; w t H-dl t H -t c p t H g

’
.
‘ ‘
.
“ ’
t o pierc e ; - d cc]
‘
h cc-t Q n (in an II ; h a -
g
‘
t Q 11 in axe tomahawk [iro n club]
.
’ ‘
g ,
.
h cg - t S Q H-n (inan windpipe [ breather : fr h a -z é H-n to breathe]

’ ’
. .
,
.
74 B UR E AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLO GY
h cc -t S Q un—n [(inan III ) breath
o i al form of -Z 1I-n to ’
g
’
m n h cc Q .
,
n g g ,
breathe ; -n ] n a h cg Z a n my breath
.
g
’
,
.
h a -t So u -t H -e (in an
’ ‘
hamm er (h a iro n ; t So u
’
poun ding
.
’
sto n e ; t So u sto n e ; t H e un explain ed] ,

‘ ’
,
.
h a t So u t H e -e it -d cc (in a n II ; h a t so ut H e -e idl sledge ham

’ ‘ ’ ’ “ ’ ‘ ’ ’
,
.
mer [ big hammer] .
h cg -zei-b a —t (in an II ; h cc -zei-b H bullet ; al so piec e of lead

’ ’ “ '
’
, ,
.
g
pig of lead [metal arrow] .
h a -z e ip-g oc (in an II ; h a z e ip d pl ; h cg -z e ip in gun rifle

’ ’ ’
. .
, ,
[ metal b o w ] h a z e ip-dou with the un

.
g g
’
, .
h cc-Z Q H-n
g
p un c t n e g ; h a Z Q IInm cg c urs h aZ a d cc fut ; .
’
g ,
.
’ ’
,
.
fut n e g ; h cc Z Q IIn to breathe [h cc breath ; .

‘
g
’
, g
’
m um to take] d ei-h aZ Q IIn I took a breath d ei-bou

’
,
. .
g
h cc Z Q Hnm cg I am breathin g all the tim e b ei-h cce I n take a

‘
’ ’
.
g , g g ,
breath ! d ei-h ccz Q un m cg I am breathing g

’
,
.
hH
’
pun c t n e g h H g u cc c urs ; h H d cc fut ; . fut .
’
, .
’ ’
,
. .
n e g ; h H im p ; app tH in to stan d up get up ’ ‘ ’

, t H . .
, .
Cp *’
ogu -h H
. to stan d up ; pei—s ej-h H to revive in tr ; t H -dou
’
,
’
,
.
’ ’
,
o n e is ere c t ; t H - dou t pl are erec t ; zou t -b ccdl h a -h H -gu oc to

“ ’ ’ * ’ ’
, ,
.
have wa v es d ei-h H I stood up

. h ccn d ei I did ’
,
.
n o t get up d ei-bou -h H g u cc I am get ting up all the tim e b ei-h H

’
.
, ,
.
get up ! hei t b ei-h H let s get up ! h e id cc poue b e I don t ,

’ ’
get up !
h H dl to hurry in t i - H to hurry
’
—
, ,
.
-h H -dl -h H —t -in H -t oc-t -b H -h H -t -d cc ( H -t oc-t -b H -h H -dl c hair

’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘
, ,
lit wood o n e sit s o n

. .
-h H -dl in t nI -t i lam e [ t Q n leg]

‘ ‘
.
,
-h H dl in - H -t
—
p l -d o u to have c onfluen c e [p H together]
’ ’
,
’
.
t l-H (c urs ; t i —Hm cg c urs n e g ; t

. i -H a imm ; t l ’
, .
,
.
fut t l . fut ne g ; t l -H to hurry [h H -dl .

,
referrin g to hurryin g ; H to c ome] There is n o su ch form as ’

, .
t i-b H (b H to go ) C p ku ccn-d cc to hurry

,
H-t l -H I . .
,
.
’
w as in a hurry H-bou-t l -H I am in a hurry all the time ’

. .
é im -t l -H hur ry run !
’
, ,
h H -e -n (stat h H e g cc stat n e g ; h H e y H imm ; h H e d e it cc fut

’ ’
.
, ,
. .
,
.
h H e g a d cc fut n e g ) to kn ow [ Tewa h cj h é -Ij -gi

’ ’
, . to know] , ,
.
yH
-h H e
n I kn ow ; also I c am e to fro m a fain t I re c overed
, ,
c o n s c ious n e s s h ogu y H-h H e g cc I do n o t kn ow m iHn y H-h H e y H ’

,
. .
,
I am about to kn ow h cgn m iHn y H -h H e cc I am n o t about to ’

g .
,
kn ow .
h H e n -d cc to kn ow -d cc to be] , h cgn d H n—h H e n -d cc h c n d Hn

( g , .
for h ccn d e i Hn he does n o t kn ow anything ’

.
h H e n -h e j adv anywhere o n e does n o t kn ow where [b H e n

, .
, to , ,
k now ; - h ei cch y cc h H e n
,
-h
ej b e i-tsei j ust s e t it ’ ’
,
(the tumbler ) there anywhere !

76 B U RE A U OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY (3 3 3 3 34 .
hH -d cc
’
punc t . ne g ; h H d o up ,
’
c urs .
; h H d e id cc ,
’ ’
fut .
;
fut ne g ; h H d e i
. to shout Also in ’
to cry ;
, .
’
- ’
oct h H d cc ,
-h H d cc to whistle t a dl -h H d cc to hi cc ough t S H t -h H d cc to ive

s eim ;
’
, ; g
’
,
’
,
a whoop d ei-h H d cc I gave a yell

. b ei-h H d e i yell ! poue
’
,
.
’
,
b ei-t e id cc do n t yell ! é im -h H d e id cc -S Q 1I he is going to be

’
,
’ ’ ’ ’
g ,
yelling too mu ch h cgn d o u b é i-bou—h H d o up what do you keep .

’
,
yellin g all t he time for ?

h H -dei in t e rr an d in def pro n what ? what kin d of ? something
’
.
, ,
. .
,
thing [h H int e rr stem ; -dei] Cp h H -dei-dl w h o ? t He-s y rm

’
. . .
’
, g
h H d e i dime lit white small thin g tei h H d e i gu ccdl all

’ ’
, , . .
,
c olored ccpg cc n —li d - d J m to a bad pla c e

’ ’ ’
.
a e i h H e i QI g
, .
h H -dei —dl in t e rr an d in def pro n who ? somebody [h H int e rr

’ ’
. .
, . .
,
stem ; -dei-dl] Cp h H -dei what ? h H d e idl d oc who w as it ?

. .
’
,
’
,
n cc H -d cc it was I
’
h H d e idl H d cc ci w h o cu t
’ ’ ’ ’
g ,
down this tree ? h H d e idl t a w h o c ame ? h H d e idl H-h o u dl

’ ’ ’
, ,
you killed somebody .
h H -n in t e rr an d in def adv where ? somewhere sometime

’
, , ,
. . .
,
perhaps [h H int e rr stem ; -n ] Cp p H -h H n ’

sometimes . . .
’ ’
,
.
1 where did he die ? 2 he d ied somewhere

’ ’
hH n b i Hn ,
. . .
h H n m ki l (for h H n -k i l ) where do you live ? p Hny H

’ ’ ’ ’
cim —
’
h - u ccd cc I write him j ust o n c e in a whil e
’ ’
H n H n yH gn pH ,
.
hH n
’
H n t a m H sometime
’
s he c omes m cgn h H g i H -t a I ,
.
’ ’ ’
,
guess so m ewhere they are staying b egn h e ig cc h H n n .

’
b Q Hnrnog I am no t going to se e him at all h ccn k ccdl h H n

’
, .
Q Hn m cg I n ever s e e him m aybe it will

-b hH n s o u t cc
’ ’
n ,
.
,
rain .
h H -n -e in t e rr an d indef pro n whi c h o n e ? so m eo n e [h H

’
in t e rr
’
.
, . . .
,
stem ; -n -ci] h H n e Him -d oc whi c h o n e of you did it ? .

’
,
O u e id e i d oc that fell ow did it

’
,
h H -ou-e in t e rr an d in def adv when ? sometime [h H in t e rr

’ ’ ’
. . . .
, ,
stem ; -ou-e p o s t p at] Cp h H -ou-dei how mu c h how many ?

’
, .
,
. .
’ ’
, ,
h H o u e é im -a m H when are you going ? h H o u e b ei

’ ’ ’
g ,
h o ut d cc when are you goin g to kill them ? p H e h e ig cc h H o u e

’ ’
,
y t cc the s un is goin g to se t sometime h cgn h o u dld e i t s Hn cg

’ ’ ’
, .
g oc s a t h H o u e k n y H t a he did no t c ome bac k for a lo ng tim e

’
,
an d at last w ay afte rward he c ame ba c k g oc h H o ue s ect t a l i e idl

’
.
,
an d I heard that he c ame ba c k w ay after .
h H -ou-dei in t e rr an d in def pro n how mu c h how many ?

’ ’
.
, ,
. .
some several [h H int e rr stem ; -O u as in -ou-e p o s t p at ;

,
’
.
’ ’
.
,
-dei] Cp h H -ou-e when ?

. . h H o u d e i ccdlh a n
’ ’
how mu ch ,
’ ’
g
’
,
mon ey ? h H o ud e i Ry Hh y o up how many m e n ? h H o u d e i k iH

’ ’
,
’ ‘
,
how many days ? h H o u d e i t H dl d oc how many holes are there ? ’ ‘

,
in how many holes ? h H o u d e i t H dln in ‘

h H o u d e i t H d ln
’ ‘ ’
, ,
several holes (ans ; soun ds the same as the questio n ) h H o ud e i . .

’
t s e jg cc ci-d cc how many horses are there ? h H o ud e i t s e ig cc ci-d cc

’ ’ ’
, ,
3 3 3 3 33 3 3 3 3 1 VOCABULA RY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 77
there are sever al horses h H o ud e i g how many ’

oc iH -d cc
-’
,
c hildr en h ave y o n ? k a k iH n H -iH -d a I have t e n ’

h H o ud e i ’ ‘ ’
,
t s e ig cc ci-ku ccdl sever al horses are lyin g down

’
.
,
h O
H u
’
d e i-dou in t e rr and in def adv how man y times ? several
,
. . .
,
times -dou po s t p by] hH oudei—dou (h e ig cc) eih cc

, .
, .
’ ’ ’ ’
H-t a
’
I c ame here several times ,
.
h H -tsou in t e rr an d in def adv how ? in some way [h H in t e rr

’ ’
. . .
,
.
,
stem ; -tso u po st p like] h H -tsou m - k og how is your n ame ?

,
. .
’ ‘
,
= hH - tsou Hn b ei-k a m cg how are you c alled ? h cgn y H-h H e g cc

’ ’ ‘ ’
,
’
h H -ts ou m -k a n dei I d o n t know what your n ame is hH - tsou

’ ‘ ’ ’ ’
.
,
g o c-k og md cc how ‘
are we ’
goi n g to c all you ?
’
h H,
-tsou m — l
t n
’
g ,
what did you say ? h H -tsou H-t Q ue I said somethin g ’ ’

,
h cgn t H H—t Q 11g cc I d id no t s ay anythin g ’ ’

h H -tsou g
’
,
’
n Q a -t LI m H what are they

g
talki n g about ? éj-d a - t e jn d a n e i
,
’ ’ ‘
h H -tsou h o udld cc I c o ul d n o t kill hi m if I wan ted to h H -tsou

’ ’ ’
.
,
t So u sidei ’
what do you c all this sto n e ? h H -t s ou ’
b eit —k cc m cc Hm what do you c all those t pl an m in ? h H -tsou

‘
k a t So u what is sto n e c alled ?

i
g
’
,
g
’
,
“ ” . .
’
h H t so u-dei int e rr and in def pro n an d adv of what kind ? of

’
, . . . .
,
so me kin d [h H t so u how ? -dei] h H t so u d e i gu ccdl what

’
, .
’
,
c olor ? = h cgn d e i g u ccdl ?
h H-y H in t e rr an d in def adv where in whi c h dire c tio n how ? some

’
, . . .
, , ,
where somehow [h H in t e rr stem ; -y H p o s t p at in the regio n

, .
’
.
’
, .
,
of] Cp h H -n where ?
. h H-
.
y H m —b H where are you goin g
’
,
’
,
to ? Rou p-gu oc H I am goin g to the hill ? h H-y H H-b H t cc ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
where shall I go ? t H b H where di d he go ? where has he ’

,
gon e ? where is he ? h ogu y H-h H e g cc t H H—b H n I don t ’ ’ ’ ’

,
’
kn ow where they wen t t H y H e whi c h way ? t H (y H e ) .

’ ’
,
’ ’
H-(t S H e whi ch way am I to go ? g e i h e ig cc t H -b H
”
’ ’ ’
n dei t
’
H H g oc h cg n
n -h H e cc they do n t know where
g
’ ’ ’
,
’
they wen t to cch y a g cc t H m -h o u ccZ Q t e idl (= t H é im .

’ ’ ’
g
’ ’ ’
they moved o fl somewhere t H k ccn t SH dl h ogu y H-h H e g cc .

’ ‘
g
’
,
I do n t kn ow what (lit where how ) my o wn n ame is h cgn t H

’
.
,
.
’
H-t g cc I did no t say anything t

’ ’
,
H m- d cc what is wro n g lit .
’
, , .
where are you ?

t H -dou adv maybe if
’
[t H somewhere
,
somehow .
;
-dou
po st p ,
’
, , ,
.
,
by as] , t H -dou t.
a t cc n cg h cg t
n H y H Heg a d cc (or
-t s ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
H-k t H m cg t cc in stead of the last word ) if he c omes I will n o t

’ ’ ’
,
be afraid t H -dou H I may go t H -dou n t

.
’ ’
.
’
s a d e id a d cc k t n cc I may be working tomo rrow

’ ’ ’ ‘
.
,
h H-y -Q n-dei adv plainl y [h H -e un explain ed ; -Q 1I cv in tensive ;

, .
, g ,
.
-dei you t al k j ust as plain as you

] t Q Hd e i H
’
.
- -
h H e in p o u dl-h H-y-iH,
'
c otton tail rabbit .
78 BU RE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ B ULL 84
hH n
- ’
pun c t
urs ; t d cc fut ; . ne g ; t m cg, c .
’
, .
fut n e g ; h H n
. to eat [ Tewa h ri-ny H to eat] Cp -h H n
’
, , . .
’
,
eater ; p cc to eat ; h cg n to eat up ’

, n H n I at e it tei
-h ’
,
.
’
, .
-h
H n I ate it all m iHn n t m cg I am about to eat it
’ —
n ,
.
, .
’
H m H-h
H n you ’
eat it ! d e i-h
H n I ate it (the watermelon )
’
,
’
, .
-h H -n eater in s ci-h H n h b rn e d toad lit c a c tus eater [h H n to eat]

’ ’ ’
. .
, , , , ,
H H n d l e i p rsn of An d res M artin ez [fr Span A n drés]

,
. The . . .
In itial h is o k des pite Moo n ey and more re c e n t w ri ters who

. .
,
give it without .
-h H -d
’
in t ccdl -h H—d to ha v e hicc oughs ’
.
h e I adv n o w al ready more c ommo nl y o c c urring as hei-g oc of sam e

,
.
, , , ,
mg Also said in ans when o n e is c alled to or in answering the

.
-
.
,
roll c all in s chool t H -

é i h ei m hei Rny H H -t o u H when
y .
‘ ’ ’ ’ ’ '
,
my wife died I wen t traveling .
hei interj Mr Smoky has heard that when the U tes start to make
,
. .
a run (in battle ) they cry thus .
hei in hei-b oc to c arry in ; hei-b H to en ter , ,

.
hei in hei-d Q LI m -tsou downslope ; hei—t H p-tsou upslope g

’
,
‘
,
.
-hei in s oc-h -ci blue green

y , ,
.
-hei in -hei straight adv -hei i n the middl e c

(p k ou - cc
; py
‘ ’ ’ ’
p a a , p , .
,
.
g ,
in the mid dl e ) .
hei-b cc (h e ib cc pun c t n e g ; h e ib o up c urs ; h e ib e id cc fut ; h e ib a d cc

’
,
.
,
.
’
,
.
’ ’
,
fut n e g ; heibei
. to take in c arry in [cp hei-b H to en ter] , ,
.
, .
-h e ib cc I c arri ed it in -bou -h e ib o u
n n p I c arry it in
,
.
,
all the tim e H4h e ib e i c arry it in ! poue H-h e ib e id cc don t take

.
’
,
’ ’
,
’
it in !
hei-b H (h e ib cc pun c t n e g ; h e ib e ip c urs ; h e ib e it cc h e ib t cc fut ;
’
,
.
, .
’
,
’
,
.
h e ib a t cc fut n e g ; heibei to en ter [ cp hei-b oc to take in]

’ ’
.
, ,
.
, .
-heibei c ome in ! —dei-

Hi k t i H Hn H -h e ib t ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
m iH cc , ,
I am going to go in to where the m an is sittin g H-h e i I c ame in .

’
,
.
hei-d oc adv yet still [hei n o w ; app adverb ial -d cc but cp poss ibly
,
.
, , , .
, .
hei-t exhortative particle]

, h e id cc n (for h e id cc h cgn ) s y Hn .
’
H the c hild is n o t born yet h e id cc h ccn h ejm cg he is no t .
’
,
dead yet h e id cc S H dl it is still hot ; c t h e ig cc S H dl it is al ready

.
,
.
,
hot .
h e i-d og-n h H -n adv n ever ; [ app even n o t somehow : hei-d cg n

— ’
, .
, .
—
for hei-d oc h og-n yet no t ; -h H n somewhere somehow] ,

’
, ,
.
h e id cgnh H n d ei-b o u d cc I n ever get en ough

’ ’
,
.
hei-d Q II m -tsou adv downslope (hei as in hei-t H -p-ts ou upslope ;

g
’
, .
,
‘
,
d Q H -m down ; -tsou] h e id Q n m -tsou H-b H h e idl they w en t

’ ’ ’ ’
, .
,
down hill .
hei g oc adv al ready no w then an d and then [hei no w ; g oc an d]

-
, .
, , , , , , ,
.
heig a m he (the child or c ripple ) is al ready w al kin g .
h eig a n -b cc I ha v e brought it with m e h e id cc h cgn p H e b a d oc

’
, .
’ ’
h e ig cc d ei-h H I go t up before sunrise h e ig cc dei-d a d cc I am’

, .
’
,
3 4 3 3 3 43 4 3 3 ] VOCABULA RY or K I OWA LANG UAGE 79
s inging already I am sin gin g no w h e ig cc mi Hn h cgn d e i ,

.
I am no t about to sin g m iH n heig a n -d ejt So u pd cc I am about .

’
,
to put him to sleep h e ig cc g at —b i oc we ll bring it to you .

’
,
’
,
b eig er g at h e ig cc H-h ejm cc n o w I am goin g to di e ’

g , .
h e g cc h e i m
i he al ready d ied ’
h e ig cc d ei—
,
h o ut d cc I am goin g to .
,
kill them right n o w h cgn d ei-h o u t g u cc h e ig cc I am n o t killin g .

,
them n o w h e ig cc S H dl it is already hot ; c t h ie d cc S H dl it is

.
,
.
,
still hot .
-h e i-p in b Q Ire-b H -hei-p-n lightning [ cp b Q II -h H -bei-p t o be

g ,
.
g
’
,
sparkl ing] .
hei-t exhort parti cle used with fut an d im p ; poue proh parti cle
,
. .
‘
.
, .
,
foll ows heit to form the n egative [hei no w ; -t un explain ed cp , , , .
possibly h e id cc] heit b H let us forgi v e him !

.
“
heit poue b H let us no t forgive him ! heit b Hh H b e i — ’

,
let us lift it up ! hei t b H-hou let us kill it ! ,
hei-t H p upslope in h II ccn h e it H p-Ecc the road run s uphill See

'
, g
’ ‘
, .
hei-t H p-tsou ‘
.
hei-t H p-ts ou adv upslope [hei as in hei-d QH -m -tsou do wn slope ;

‘
,
.
,
’
,
t H -p
‘
up ; cp t H -e o n t o p ; -tsou] h e it H p-t s ou H
.
’
, .
‘ ’
they wen t up hill .
h e i adv
,
away go n e away ; well rec overed [c p -h ei privative ;
.
, , ,
.
,
h og-n n o t ] Cp h e i-n
,
away ; h e i-d oc to throw away go away
. .
, , , .
m cgn h e ig cc h ei h e ig cc n -d cc b H-kIgHm d e i
g
maybe ,
they re go n e away we shall be goin g for nothin g ; h ei cgm n he

’
,
’
,
g e t wel l ; m H n —ka
y cc h e ig cc h ei H — cm
g n my c u t plac e has ’ ’ ’ ’
,
gotte n well lit at my c u t plac e I have be c ome well ,

. .
h e i un explain ed in h e i-tei-t to tell a story or myth , ,

.
-h e i privative p o s t fix e d to n oun s and adj e c tives [h e i go n e away

, , , ,
used as p o st fix ; cp b egn n o t ] ts ei e i ka d l auto m obil e

-h .
,
.
’
, ,
ts ei-h ei k u e p H [horseless w agon] tou—h ei d oc there is n o

.
‘ ‘
.
,
house gu oc ei y H am wise y Hgu oc I am very

-h - d I n o t c t n a -
. cc ; ,
.
g ,
wise se ip -h ei n -d cc it is a dry year li t rainl ess it is

.
, ,
. .
h ei-d oc (h e id cc pun c t n e g ; h e id o up c urs h e id e id cc fut h eid a d cc

’ ’ ’ ’
.
, .
,
.
, ,
fut n e g ; h eid e i
. to remove t r depart separate o n eself go ,
.
, , ,
away open (door ) [ Cp h ei away ]

,
s a -p H n n -h
e id e id cc
. .
,
’ 9 ’
,
I am goin g to throw away the ashes d ei-h e id cc I departed lit .

, ,
.
I aw ay e d myself h cgn d ei-h e id cc I did no t leave h ei-h e id e i go .

’
,
.
,
away ! pou e b é i—h eid e id cc do n t go away ! heit b é i-h e id e i let s ’

,
’
,
’
leave ? k a d e idl H j- cc m
ei
-dei peidou d ei-h d cc he treated me
’
ei
’ ’
g
’
,
bad an d that s why I left d ei-t sH t -h eid cc I open ed the door ’

.
,
.
t S H t h cgn d ei-h e id cc I did n o t open the door b é i h e id e i open it ! ’

,
.
,
poue b ei-h eid e i do n t open it ! ,

’
h ei-n adv away [h e i away ; -n ]

, .
,
t a d e i h e in d a m ei ,
.
’ ’ ’
goc b a c ue s ect t a h e idl I heard that he was away for a lo n g tim e

’
,
an d that he c ame ba c k way aft e r m ocn h ein d oc heiga maybe .

g ,
80 BU RE A U OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY
he
’
s go ne no w .
h ein -d cc-’ e
i m cgn ta , I w as away when he
c am e
"
.
-
h e i iH
’
(an II ; h ei you . doll [h ei as in Tewa doll ;
- -
p , t pl hu ,
’ "
iH child dim ; the word 1 3 eq ui valen t to Tewa h u 11 é li ttle doll ]
" ‘
m
, , g , .
h ei-m (h e i g cc stat n e g h e im t cc fut ; h eim g a t oc fut n e g

’
m
’ ’ ’
, ,
. . .
,
h e jm h e idl to be short of food fa ish [cp h ei -m to di e

, , .
’
, .
o u e ig cc n -
’
h ejm h e idl those folks in that house were hard ,
up o u e id e i H n-h e jm -heidl he w as hard hi t for food ki c cm b cc

.
’ ’ ’
,
.
‘
g
n the people are goi n g to be hard up k i cgm b cc .

‘
n -h m
ej the people are hard ,
up =k i ccm b cc k o u pd e i ,
’
g
h cgn n —h e img cc they are n o t hard up

’
.
,
h e i -m (al s o b i Hn
’
punc t ; h ei m cg punc t ne g ; h ei m H c urs
’
,
’ ’
, .
’
, .
h i Ht cc fut h j H imp h i Hh e idl pun c t in fer ; h i Hy iH c urs

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
. . . .
, , , ,
.
to die [cp h ei-m to be short of food ; hou-dl to kill ; hou-dl -d cc to be

.
, , ,
si ck ; Tewa h é ; 1 to kill ; 2 to be sic k] ‘

hH n h ej m or .
_
. .
’ ’
,
hH n 1 Wh ere did he die ? 2 he di ed somewhere h e ig cc

’
h j cgn
’
. . .
,
h ei m he already died t Q ng cc hei m he has been dead a long tim e

’
, .
‘ ’
,
.
sat h e i m he died j ust a little whil e ago h cgn h ej m cc he did n o t

’ ’ ’
, .
g ,
die ; c p pei-h ei d cc he is alive yet h e id cc h cgn h ej m cg he is no t

.
, .
’ ’
,
dead yet m iHn H-h ei m H I am o n-7 the poin t of dyin g h e ig cc

.
’ ’
,
h o u dl d e i h i Ht cc he is going to die pretty soo n b H-t n

’ ’
.
,
h e ig cc h i Hh e idl they say that he died b H-t Q II n h e ig cc h i Hy iH

’ ’
.
, , g ,
they say that he is dyin g H—h j Hy jH they s ay I w as dyin g .

’ ’
,
.
kt i Hy jH gi onh o u d cc I am goin g to see t h e two

-b ’ ‘
—h ’ ’
iH n c n ,
dying m e n ky Hb o up H—h i Hy iH d ei-a h o ud cc I am going to

.
’ ’ ’
,
s e e the t pl dyin g m e n k it H H-a h H n og heig a h i Hh e idl I ’ ’ ’

.
,
.
wen t to look at the m an who had died H-a dliH bout t seih iH .
’ ’ ’
-dou I c ried be c ause my dog di ed

é j h ei m
’ ’
—
, .
h e jm — cgm n (h e im c urs ; h e im fut ) t o get short

’
. .
of food [ to f am Ish be c ome] n cc n t- h eim g n we were

—c m .
g
’
,
hard up for food m iHn n -h e im am H they are o n the verge of .

’
,
being short of food .
h e i-n adv maybe [ un explain ed ]

, .
, m a cgnh H d e i h ein d oc maybe .
g
’ ’
,
I t is a bear .
h e it e it -n story myth [h eit e it to tell a story ; -n ] Cp p o udl

, , , . .
‘
h eit e it n lie false story H-h e it e it -t cc I heard a myth ’ ’

. .
, , ,
h H oud (for h H oudei ) H-h e it e it t a I heard sever al myths

’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
h e i-tei-t (h eit e id cc pun c t n e g ; h e it e it d cc c urs ; h e it e idl d cc fut ;

’
, .
, .
’
, .
h e it e id a d cc fut n e g ; h e it e idl im p ; h e it e idl e i inf er

’ ’
, .t o tell a ,
.
’
, .
story or myth n arrate [h ei un explain ed ; tei-t to te ll] Cp , , . .
h e it e it —d cc to be told as a story ; h e it e it n
, story ; h eit e it -t onk cg m ,
i ’
,
to men tio n in a story ; p o udl-h ejt e itn lie n -h t e it I

ei
“
,
.
,
told a s tory h cgn n -h eit e id oc I did no t tell a story H-h eit e idl
.
’
, .
’
,
tell a story ! poue H-h eit e 1dld cc do no t tell a story ! é i-h eit e idl te ll ’ ’
,
’
,
me a story !
3 3 3 3 3 43 3 3 3 1 V O C AB U LA RY or KI OWA LA NGUAGE 81
h eit e it -d cc, to be told as a sto ry or myth [h eit e it ; d oc] o u d e ih oc .

’ ’
-h t e it -d cc that is all there is to t h e sto ry

n ei ,
.
h e it e it to men tion in a story [ to n arrate mention] ,

.
cit —h cit e it—t k cc m -ts e i Hn

’
when ever ‘ ’ ’
we men tio n them in myths we c all them U dder-angry Travelers-o ff .
hiH -dl (in an I ; biH -dl al so bi H -dl -d H . arroyo d raw gul c h , , , ,
[ Tewa h e e arroyo]
’
, .
-bi H -dl in ka -k cce b iH -h i l -b H bank c aved out un dern eath

’ ‘
.
,
bi H -dl -b (hi lb e id cc t o light (fir e ) [ un explain ed] Cp

’
, . .
t H
‘
app to light
’
. .
hiH -d cc (h i e id cc to vomi t [cp h t to as c end] Cp z o u ’

, .
, . .
to vo mi t d ei-b i oc I vomited . d ei-h i e id cc I am going ,

.
’
,
to vomit .
bi H -n (hi a g p un c t n e g ; hiHn m og curs ; hi H nd cc fut ; hiH n

’ ’
.
, , ,
. .
,
t o dig [ c p k iH -n to dig c ough] -h iHn d cc I am

‘ ’ ’ ’
. a g cc n , ,
.
,
goin g to dig a well n -hiH n I dig him up ! H-hit o u go and .

,
’
,
dig him up !
bi H —t (hi lt a to as c en d [cp bi H -d cc to vo mi t] Cp t ccp-h t
’
,
.
, . .
‘
,
to cross (water ) ; seip to des c en d p iH -t H e H I ,

.
‘ ‘ ’
am going up o n top of the hill H-h t I clim bed up p Hn-m He .

’
, .
‘
hi m he as c en ded in to the sky - H - I wen t ‘

i ht
’
h
‘
, t o n
lI p a e .
g ,
right through the water .
41 113 -h i s -b rt 1-e - h y o u-p t pl ; - h iEr 41 3 4 9 3 in n o un

’ ’
. . , . . .
adj verb an d adv p o s t fix real right very in S Hn e i-h j H rattle

.
, .
, , , ,
’ ’
sn ake lit right sn ake ; cc-t plain ; a -b i H to be a good gambler ;

,
.
’
,
’ ’ ’
,
m He- h i H hi ghest Referring to thi s p o s t fix G at s ch e t

’
e tc ,
.
”
says : These In dians [ the Ki owa] do no t us e a special word to
“
express re al principal or true but they appen d a s ufi x -h i

” ”
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
”
c
, , ,
(n asaliz ed for the purpose acc ordin g to Mr Moo ney , . .
(A S Gat sch e t Re al True o r Ge nuin e in In di an lan guages “ “ '
“
,
. .
, , ,
Ameri c an An thropologist n s I Jan 1 8 99 pp 1 5 9 1 6 0 ) [ cp , . .

, ,
.
,
.
—
.
ccm - h y 11 m -dei right for ccm - hy ne -m -dei

] C - oc o wn real
’ ’ *’ ’ ’ ’
g g p a g , , g
. .
g , , .
hou hou to go travel in hou -cc-Z Q 1In to travel alo ng ; hou -H to

’
, ,
’ ’
g
’
g ,
’ ’
travel ; p iH h o u t -hou -e 1 m to fly aro un d ; hou -s ccm

‘
s un
’
g
’
,
’
g
flower ; hou -t to travel off apart [ cp hou-t to go ; -hou to go ;

’
,
.
,
t ou—y H to go]
‘
, .
hou -h o ugu cc pun c t n e g ; -h o ud cc fut ; h o ug u ccd cc fut ; -hou

’
, .
’
, .
’ ’
,
.
’
,
im p h o uh e idl . it iv e p o s t fix to go (appears n o t to harden

, ,
the verb ) [ cp hou to go ; t ou-y H to go] .H—d a -hou go ’ '

, .
’ ’
,
an d look for it ! h cgn n I am no t goin g to loo k

for it H—b Q 11-hou go and look at him
.
’
g
’
, .
hou -a -Z Q 11-n
’ ’ ’
pun c t ne g ; h o u ccZ Q Hn m cg curs ;
g
.
’
g
’
,
.
h o u aZ a d cc fut ; fut n e g ; h o u a Z Q U-n im p ;

’ ’ ’ ’
, .
,
. .
h o u cc Z Q IIn -heidl to travel to travel off [ to travel foot take

’ ’
g g , ,
on eself o ff] d ei I traveled (o n foot hors eb a c k

.
, ,
82 B U RE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLO GY
by wagon h ogu d ei ,
I di d no t travel heit .
b ei-h o u cc Z Q IIn let s go travelin g !

’ ’ ’
g g ,
hou -H to c o m e [hou to travel ; H to come] Cp hou-t -H t o c ome

’ ’
,
’ ’
,
. . .
H h o u H I w as c oming travelin g
’
— ’
.
hou b to travel [hou to travel ; b to go]

-
’
H ,
H —
t H (H) , .
’ ’
hou a m H I am go ing to go travelin g H—h o ub H I moved

’
, .
’
, .
hou -d cc-H to travel [hou to travel ; -d cc; un explain ed ; H to c ome]

’ ’ ’ ’
, .
h u ogn—t H e H-h o u d cc H g oc m i(H) H ‘

as I was goin g
’ ’ ’ ’
,
along the road I got pretty thirsty .
hou-dei to be blin d (hou un explain ed ; -dei]

, y Hh o ud e i I am
- .
,
blin d = y Ht o u e n -d cc
,
~
.
h o u d e i-kiH (h o u d e i-g oc a blin d m an (h o u d e i to b e blin d ; -kiH]

'
, , .
hou dl (h o ug u cc h o udl g cc pun c t n e g hout -da c urs ; h o u dl d cc

— ’
,
’
,
. .
, .
’
,
fut ; h o ugu ccd a fut n e g ; hou im p hou d t proh ; h o udl

.
’ ’
, .
,
.
, .
heidl ,
to kill [cp hou-dl-d cc to be sick ; h ej m to die ; .
,
’
,
h ei-m to be short of food ; Tewa h e ; 1 to kill 2 to be S ic k]

‘
. .
, . .
Cp bout-hou di to fill tr h cc E m H-h o u dl did you kill it ?

’ ’
.
,
.
,
h cc Hm h ogu H-h o u gu cc di dn t you kill him ? h cc h cgn H

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
aren t you goin g to kill him ? n -h o udl I k illed him poue

’
, .
’
Hh o u dl d cc do n t kill hi m !
- = poue H-hou d t heit b H-hou do n t
’
,
’ ’
,
’
let s kill it ! é im -h o u d cc dei n -b Q u I s aw the kill er = d a kiH

’ ’ ’
—
, ,
’
-b i -h o u t d cc I am goin g to kill him ri ght n o w
”
n Qu m Hn n .
, .
H-h o u dl d cc g oc h e ig cc m if you kill him they ll get you

’ ’
, .
h cgn H -hougu ccd cc n cg h e ig cc h cgn g O if you do n t

’ ’
c
kill him they won t get you m i (H) h o udl he pretty n ear kill ed
,
’
.
,
him na g .é i-h o u dl we d p l e x c l’
ki ll ed him ,
. . .
hou—dl referring to sickn ess in houdi-d cc to be sick ; h o u dl -n ,
h o u dl d H e t c [cp h ei m to die]
, ,
’
— .
.
,
.
,
-hou -dl in tensive in k oce-IEccn-h o u dl dr ago nfly lit rough skin ;

'
‘
, , g , , .
k cch y -o u dl lung ; k y H e -h y o udl woodrat lit j umper ; m Hn-p oc

‘ ‘ ‘
, , , .
h o u dl lio n lit upper body furry ; pou-g u ccn-hou di muskrat ;

, ,
.
,
- a-h o u dl owl s lit leg do y [ p p o udl in tensive]

- ‘
w
“
t I p
g p n c ,
.
,
. .
, .
h o u dl -d cc (h o udl p un c t ne g ; h o udl -d a b e ip c urs ; hou di .

’
,
.
d a t cc fut h o u dl fut n e g ; h o udl imp

’ ’
. .
, .
h o u dl to be sic k [h o u dl as in h o udl n si ckn ess ; —

,
d oc to be] H-koudou—h o udl d cc I am very si ck li iHh i H ’ ’

.
, .
,
h o u dl d am e j-dei n —a h o u d cc I am goin g to go over to s e e the ’

,
m an w h o is (said to be ) sic k kt H -h o u dl d am - oc d ei ’
y o u p ej g .
b Q Hh o u d cc I am goin g to go over to se e the t pl m e n w h o are said

, .
to be sic k .
hou-dl —d H (in an III ) shirt article of clothin g clothes [hou-dl .

, , ,
un explained ; -d H] Cp a y H -h o udl-d H buckskin dress lit frin ge . .

’ ’
, ,
.
s hirt ; t Q i I-n shirt hg

o u dl d H n t b Q u I s aw the shirt
-
, .
,
.
h o u d ld H -h e i n aked , .
-h o u dl —d H si c kn ess in
t ein h o udld H heart di sease ; e t c
, ,
'
,
.
BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BU LL . 84
yue you p t pl ; iH in 1 c h ild offs pri ng so n

- - ’
(an II ;
’
iH
’
. .
.
, , , , ,
da ughter (cp bou dl so n v o c ) (but H -iH-dei his or their c hild ) ; .

—
, , .
’ ’
,
d im p o s t p o un d ; 2 (for iH -t He) egg ; semen [ Tewa e child

’ ’ ‘
.
,
.
,
di m p o s t p o un d ] Cp s y Hn c hild little o n e ; -t ccn dim

‘
iH
“ ’
. . .
, , g , .
n -b
Qu I s aw my c hild yue
,
d ei-b
Q u (app an I de cl here ) I .
’
. . .
,
s aw my t pl c hil dre n B ut S YHD n -b Q H I s aw the chil d (n o t

. .
,
m y o wn ) s y Hd cc d ei—a I s aw the c hildren (n o t my o wn )

.
’
, .
t e jn e it —t s e io u iH -t Se ip the h e n laid an egg t e ine it -t se io up

-
’
,
.
é it -iH -I£ oup the hen s laid eggs t ein e it -t s e io u— iH chic ken egg
’ ’ ’
.
, ,
( app t ej ei
n t -t se io u-s
.
*
y Hn wo ul d be appl ied to young c hi cken) .
t S H dl-iH c alf t ondei-iH mouse ; h e i-fin doll ; p H t cc-iH twin

,
.
’
, ,
‘ ’
, .
iH —bou t -d a to be pregn an t [ to be c hild full] iH -b o u t d cc sh e

’ ’
.
, ,
is pregn an t H i-iH -b o u t d cc they d are pregn an t .

’ ’
,
. .
iH -bou t -m H (an I ; iH -bo ut -m He-m cg pregn an t woman [ cp

’ ’
.
, .
iH -b o u t d cc to be pregnan t]
’
.
,
’
iH -k og
‘ ’
pun c t n e g ; i cgnm cc c urs fut .
’ ‘
g , . .
’
iH fut n e g ; imp ; to fuss . .
over [ un explain ed] they d fuss ed over it (inf . . .
dis tinguished between quarrelin g over an d fussin g over ) k i e idl .

‘
yesterday w e w e re fussing over the d o g

'
b é i-t s e jt
ki
‘
e idl h cgn b é I - t s eit yesterday we d id n o t fuss over
th e dog h cgn b ei-t s e jh iH . we shall n o t fuss over the
dog poue b ei-t s e ih iH
. don t ye (t pl ) fuss over the dog ! ’
.
b é i-t s e jt ye t pl fuss over the dog ! .
iH -k oge (in an womb [ chil d peeling c hild bag]

’ ‘
.
,
.
i (H ) -oup (an II ; i (H ) -O u p-d cc t pl ; i (H ) -oup in maggot

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
, .
[ pos s ibly iH c hild ou -

p u n expla in ed ]
’
m,
a é im
’
,
.
g
’
a g o u p (the many people bat hin g in the re s ervoir ) are movin g

’
like m aggots (a Kiowa expressio n ) .
iH -pa - ( I — a t t l — >a - in (n ewborn )

’ ’ ’ ’
i i
’ ’ ’
i
'
n a n ; H p g
a p H n .
—
,
.
baby [fresh baby] Cp ci roasting-ear of c orn . .

’
.
’
iH -t a -m cg (an I ; iH -t a —m He-m cg
’
midwife [ iH chil d ; -t a
.
’ ’
,
’
,
’
un explain ed ; -m H woman] ,
.
’
I H t H -kiH (an II I n t H -g oc U te m an .
‘ ’
,
.
iH -t He (an II ; iH -t He-m cg t pl ; iH -t He in egg ; (in t pl )

' '
’ ’
.
,
. .
sem en [white child] iH -t Hem cg d é i-b Q u 1 I saw the t pl

’
. .
.
,
eggs ; 2 I s aw the semen . .
iH t He-k oge (in an eggshell

'
’ ‘
. .
’
iH —t H (an I ; iH -t ei
‘ ’
daughter [ woman c hil d] Cp t H -t ccn
.
’ ‘
,
. .
’ ’ ’ '
g ,
brother s daughter ’
H -dei somebody s daughter .
’
,
’
.
o u e id e i
’
his daughter o u e id e i t e i his t pl daughters .
’ ’ ‘
,
. .
iH -t H —t ccn (app an I ) brother s daughter [little woman c h ild

’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
. . ,
g ,
-t ocn Cp iH —t cgn brother s so n

‘ ’ ‘ ’
.
g , .
,
3 3 3 3 33 3 4 3 3 1 V O C A B U LA RY or KI O WA LANGUAGE . 85
’
iH -t
‘
ocn g (app
brother s so n [little so n : . an . I) ,
’
-t‘ ogn , d im ] . Cp .
iH -t H -t ccn brother s daughter

’ ‘ ’ “ ’
.
g ,
iH -t Se ip to give b irth to a chi ld [ t Se i-p t o lay s

’
.
, ,
fi o upd a she is going to have a baby

’
,
.
IH dem stem in right here n o w e t c ; also used as p o s t p

.
,
’
-
I H h cc
’
, , ,
. .
[cp e i dem stern]

’
. . .
- ’
iH p po s t,
at [ iH dem stem used as .
, p H dl —t H e -
iH)
’
.
‘ ’
h ei m he di’
ed in the bed
,
here H -h e i a g cc e idl EiH tou e .
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
f a dei- iH I wen t in where the old m an was stayin g inside H

’ ’ ’
.
,
h ei a g cc Ep t a d cc tou e t a -
’
dei-iH I wen t in to where the
’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
old m e n were staying inside a g oc Hn é im k a t cct d oc-iH a .

’ ’ ’ ’
— ’ ’
,
swim ming plac e a g cc tou e dei-dei-iH H I am going .

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
to en ter where he is stan din g in side .
j (H) h cc adv 1 right here ; 2 n o w [ iH dem ;

’ ’ ’
—
, .
,
1 s at . . . .
sat H-t a this is the first time that I have been up here ’
, .
-k a t ccd cc they s w im right here

H é h y cc (or
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
n im ; c p o u ,
.
é i k a t ccd cc they s wim way over there

-
t oc
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
Hn m , .
Hn
’
he was sittin g ri ght here ; cp eih cc Hn he was sitting
’
,
.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
here e ih a d e i p H e iHh cc H
.
’
I am goin g to stay right here
’ ’ ’ ’
this summer 2 i(H) h cc n t -p e idl d o u I am thinkin g about it . .

’ ’
,
right n o w .
—dei - oc dem p ro n an d adv thi s o n e here

g ,
. . .
, ,
here ; —dei] tou e H-ki l I live in this .

’ ’
,
room .
-dei - dem pro n an d adv this here dem

i(H)
’
g oc ,
. . .
,
.
s tem ; - dei] i(H) d i tou -b II I saw this hous e stated ’

e n Q .
g ,
by the in forman t to mea n the same as e id e i tou n -b Q u i(H ) d e i ’

.
h ei m thi s part ri ght here (of the tree ) is dead i(H) d e i kt i H

’
,
.
’ ’
,
this m an right here i(H) g cc kt y o up these t pl m e n o u e id e i .

’
, . .
’
g oc i e i g oc e id e i that o n e an d thi s o n e here an d thi s o ne

’ ’
.
, , ,
i e i d oc this is the o n e right here

’
.
,
k cc ,mother v o c Mr Smoky c ommen ted : Y oung c hildren prolon g

’
,
. .
the word older children c u t it short Cp t s a mother ; k a k cc e

,
. .
,
’ ’
,
my or o ur mother ; t oc father v o c ’
, , .
k oc t pl others re c orded o nl y with foll o w ing H dl or t S H dl : o c c urrin g

’ ’
, ,
.
in k a H dl the others ; k a t SH dl the others Cp k a —dei o ther

’ ’ ’ ’
, , . .
,
.
k oc-cc (an II ; k oc— a -g oc

’
a kin d of spear havin g feathers alo n g
.
’ ’
,
the edge Cp c a -piH -t ogn prsn . .

’ ’ ‘
, .
c a -piH -t cgn p rsn c p Moo n ey p 4 0 [said to mean he speared

’ ’ ‘ “
8 , . .
,
. .
with k cc cc: -t ccn app ’ ‘

g , .
86 B U RE A U O F AME RI CAN ET N H OLOGY
k cc—dl ( k oc-t -d cc t l k cc-dl in c omp
an , p ; . II ; ) 1 buff al o ; 2 co w , c attle . . . .
" -r b u ffalo
Tewa ] Cp k ordl b iH, bu ff alo ; ccg ccp iH, buffalo ,
-
‘ ’ ’
[ k Q Q j, . .
g
ts e i-bou , co w , c attle k ccdl n -b Q II , I saw buff al o (app 9 .

g
.
an d also saw a b unch of c attle ccg ccp in k cct d cc d é i-b Q u, I .

’
g
’
e the buffalo hooked me

—k ccdl - u cc
éj
’
g a ,
.
k cc dl hortative or emphati c parti cle [ cp k cgn

—
,
hortative verb .
prefix] Al so in a -k ccdl particle

. k ccdl é i-cc ccdlh a n
’ ’
,
.
’ ’
g
’ ’ ’
,
gi v e me some mo n ey ! k ccdl s y ccn d e i é i give me a little ! k ccdl g

’
give me some tobacc o ! k ccdl t Q n I wan t some water ‘

, .
h oc k ccdl H dl do you wan t so m e m o re ? h oc k ccdl H dl t Q u do you

’ ’ ‘
, ,
wan t some more water ? h cc k ccdl t Q H do you wan t some water ? ‘

,
h a n e i no k ccdl b H-gu ccdl let us owe him ! k ccdl H dl

’ ’
, ,
s y H d cc d a t oc (the wo m an has born e five children ) and is goin g

’ ’ ’
,
to have some more h ccn k ccdl é im they did n o t s e e .

’
anybody b egn k ccdl En y H é jm . they n ever after ’
ward met ea ch other h cgn k ccdl h H giH n -b Q unm cg I n ever used .

’
,
to see him .
k ccdl -b iH (an II ; k a d l-h n I-e b uff al o [re al b uff alo in c on tra

.
,
.
distin c tio n to c attle : k ccdl buffalo ; -t real] , ,

.
k ccdl (k ccdl bu ffalo robe (w -k cc c

p k oce skin ) .
‘
.
‘
,
.
k ccd l-s eim -H -k y H dl e i (an II ; k ccd l-s ejIn - H -k y H dl o u-p

’ ’ ‘
tad
’
.
'
’ ’ ‘ ’
,
pole [k ccdl-s eim-a un explain ed ; app k y H dle i to be wet] Cp ’ ’

.
‘ ’
,
. .
k a d le i
‘ ’
frog sp .
k ccdl -z e ip c o w milk [c attle milk]

, (k ccdl z e ip n I .
am goin g to drink some milk .
-k oc e in m c n -k oc e oc w ist
’
o n -k cc e an kle ’
— ’ ’
g g ; g ,
r
,
.
K a e -Ecct d cc-kiH (an II ; c c-kcct d cc-g oc Ki owa Arik are e m an ; .

,
c p Moo n ey p 4 1 0
.
, . .
c e -lEiH (an I ; c e -Ey Hh y o up c c- gu oc t pl ; c e in ’
”
, ,
. .
K iowa m an (k a e un explain ed ; -KlH m an] ,

.
K a e -koup K iowa moun tain s moun tain s in Mo n tan a regio n ; see

,
“
,
Moo n ey p 1 5 3 ,
. .
c e -m H (an I ; c c-m He-m cg c e g u oc . Kiowa woman , ,

.
k oce-s ei-H -d cc (in an II ; k cce -s ej

’ ’
box—elder tree [Kiowa .
“
s mell in g tree] .
k oce-t Q II a to talk Kiowa [ t Q Ha to t alk]

g , yH
—k cce —t II
Q a mH ,
.
g ,
I talk Kiowa .
k ccpk Q rI -cgm -dou to make a shadow -k cc k -dou

t p QH c
‘ ’ ’ ‘ ’
g n m , .
,
I am making a S hadow .
k ccp- k Q II -n i( n an III ) shadow shade [k oc-p un explain ed ; k Q II

‘ ‘
,
.
g , g
to be dark] -k
p Q nn -t o u p o u t (or n
'
’
d i
‘
k
‘
ej e a .
it is c ool here in the shade n a k a p-k n y H my shadow k a p .

‘
,
.
k Q Hn t Q u I s aw the shadow
‘
-b
n , .
k oc-t punc t n e g ; k oct d cc c urs ; k ccd ld cc fut ; fut .

,
.
,
. .
n e g ; k ccd l to c ross n p ,
- a -k cct I c ro s sed the river .
’
, ,
A
H RRIN TO N] G V OCABU LARY OF KI OWA LAN GUAGE 87
p n a
’
n I did
-k cct n o t c ross it m
. iH n n h cgn .
I am about to ross it n k ccdld cc I shall c ross it

- ’
k cct d cc ,
c h cgn .
, .
n I sh al l n o t c ross it H -k ccdl c ross it ! b H-k ccdl .

’
, ,
let us c ross it !
- -
k oc t e j
s n in e (a l so i
,
n a n old K i owa c ou n t ) [ k cc-t un exp lain ed c p , .
possibly k a -k iH t e n ; -s ei as in y H t -s ei eight] ’ ‘
k cct s e i , , .
ky Hh y o u p n in e m e n ; k cct s e i S H e nin e years

’
,
.
,
k cc ei k iH nin ety
t
‘
s - .
,
k cct s e i-n n in e by n in e ,
.
k cct s e j-dou in nin e pla c es ,

.
k cct s e i-t H nin eteen

‘
.
,
-
k oc t n (in an III ) c rot c h = Z H dl -t
n [k oc un explain ed ;
.
,
- t n between] ,
.
ka
’
referring to swimming go ing as boat in k a paddle ; , ,
’
k a -bout c an oe ; k a to swim ; k a -zei to swim [ Tewa

’ ’ ’
,
to bathe k o -fé boat bridge footlog] , , , ,

.
k a H d cc (i a
- II ; a dp l pad dl e k a bout -H -d cc
= ’ ’
k
’ ’ “ ’ ’ ’
n n H .
,
.
,
.
k a -bout (in an c a n oe boat [k a referrin g to swimming goin g ’

,
.
,
as boat ; -bou-t un explain ed] k a bout cce lots of Can oes ,

.
’ ’
, .
k a bout-H —d cc (in an II ; k a bout

’ ’
pad dl e = k a .
“ ’
,
’
k a -d a -t cg—m (an II ; k a -
’ ’
d a —t cc—b oc red-winged blac kbird .
’ ’
g ,
[ un explain ed]
k a -dei (k a -g oc pro n other [k a o c c urs without p o s t fix as
’ ’ ’
, ,
.
k oc t pl others (followed by H dl or t SH dl ) ; -dei] Cp k ucc-d e i

’ ’
.
, . .
g ,
other k a -g oc the other fellows

.
’
,
.
k a -dou- k 1 11 o n e h un dred [k a -as in k a - k 1 H t e n ; app dou p o s t p

’ ’ ’ ‘
,
. .
g
,
- k iH ten s] Cp k a k iH-dou In t e n pla c es ] k a d o u k iH-n was

‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘
.
, . .
given as meanin g t e n by t e n k a d o uk iH t cce p H g cc o n e

“
.
’ ‘ ’
,
hun dred and o n e lit o ne beyon d a hun dred ,

. .
k a d o uk iH-n t e n by t e n as t e n
’ ‘
, ,
.
-k a -g oc po s t p
’
through —ka as In k a -n
, abreast ; -g oc]
.
,
’ ’
,
.
t S H t k a g oc é I-t cct g cc he shot me through the door

’ ‘
, .
k a -n
’
adv abreast [k a as in -k a -g oc p o st p through ; -n ]
,
.
,
’ ’
,
.
, .
two abreast Et y Oup H-k a n -t s Hd e i the m e n .

’ ’ ’
,
are marching two abreast .
ka - k cc-e my or our mother Cp t scc mother ; k cc mother v o c ;

’ ’ ’
, . .
, , ,
.
H- k a -k cc your (spl ) mother ; t cc-dl father ; t a -t oc-e my or our

’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
, ,
father n cc k a k cc e é j-
. d cc it is my mother n a t s cc é i-d cc
g
’ ’ ’
, ,
’
.
n egr k a k cc e d c c- d cc it is our mother = n a t s cc d a—d cc

’ ’
, , g
.
k a -k iH t e n ; s o also in an old Kiowa c oun t [ k a un explain ed ; -

’ ‘ ‘
k iH
’
, ,
t e n -t y formin g the tens ] Cp k a dou k iH o n e hun dred

’ ‘
—
, , . . .
,
k a k iH kt k a k iH S H e t e n years
’ ‘ ’ ‘
y o up t e n m e n , .
,
.
k a k y H-n -dei the ten th

’ ‘
, .
k a k iH-dou in t e n plac es
’ ‘
.
,
88 B URE AU O F AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
k a t -cit ,
’
wide arrow ; w [ k a t
cp ci-dl i’
n k a t -s c n n
y g , as ’
.
-’ci—t .
’
,
large] . a wide ver (wide in o n e plac e ) ; but

p oc
’
—k a
’
t -e it
,
ri
p oc -k ou -e idl a wide river wide all the w a alo n g a large ri ver

’ ‘
(
’
y , ) , .
-cit it the river is wide right here

i i k ( )
’ ’
e a t , .
k a t -s y cgn n arrow [k a t as in k a t -cit to be wide ; s y cgn a little]

’ ’ ’
, , ,
.
-k a t s c n a n arrow river t —s c n it is n arrow

d
’ ’
i ’ ’
p oc y g e k a y g , .
,
here .
k a t cc-cgm d cc to swim [ cp ka ta to make swim ]

’ ’ * ’
, . .
-k a t cc-c m d cc it is a swimm ing pla c e

n
’ ’
g , .
k a t cc to make swim with re fl to swim [ cp k a -t cc-e to

'
’ ’ ’
.
, ,
.
swim ] dei-k a t cc I am going to swim n -k a t cc ’

.
’
ccm e 1 I made it swim (e g playthin g o n water )

’ ’
. . .
g
k a -t cc-e
’ ’
punc t n e g ; k a t cct d cc c urs ; fut ; .
’
,
. .
fut n e g ; k a t cc to make swim with re fl .

’
, , .
to swim [ app k a as in k a -bout c an oe ; app t cc to go about ; .

’ ’
, .
’
,
- ci c ausative]
, Cp k a t cc-ccm d cc to swim ; k a t cc . to .
’ ’
g ,
’
make swim ; k a -zei to swim k i e idl d ei

’
.
‘
I swam yesterday h cgn d ei I di d n o t swim d ei-bou . .
k a t cct d cc I swim all the tim e I shall swi m h cgn

’
d ei, . .
d ei I shall swim b ei swim ! poue b é i .
k a d oc don t swim ! b ei
’ ’
let uS swim ! Hn é im
’
’
’ ’
,
k a -t cct d cc they swim right here o uh y cc (or Hn é im

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, .
k a t cct d cc they swim way over there b i-k a t cc take a

’ ’ ’
, p n
a e .
,
bath in the c reek ! o ue ilZt o udl -tsou d ei I am go ing ’
to swim like a du ck .
k a -zei ( -z e im H to sw im [ k as i k -bout c anoe

’ ’ ’
k
’
a a n a ; ,
- zei un explain ed ] Cp k a -t cc-e to swim ; e t c . .

’ ’
,
.
a pi cc t nI - t H e h iH ei k a z e in I H the fishes are swimming at t h e

’ ’ ‘ ‘ ’ ’
~
top of the water

”
.
k og (an II ; k a g cc wil d goose sp [ Tewa k H - i C an ada goose

]
’
.
g ,
.
,
.
C p k a-lio u dl squash lit goose n ec k ; k cc -t He whi t e goose

’ “ ’ “
. .
, , .
g ,
k cg
’
pun c t n e g ; k a m og c urs ; k a d cc fut ; fut .
’
,
.
g
’ ’
, . .
n e g ; k og to grease smear Cp k a-d cc to be greased

’
, ,
. .
’
,
.
Also in k ccdlse i-k og to glue ; e t c n g I greased it (the

-k c ’ ’
, .
,
wagon) n -lEccdl se i-k cg I glued it smeared sti c king mate ri al o n

.
’
, ,
it n -bou-k og m cg I smear it all the t ime n

. I shall ’
,
.
smear it H-k og you grease it ! .

’ ’
,
k og-m (k a m og to wan t Cp cgn-d cc t e in-d cc to wan t

’
, . .
’
,
’
,
.
’
ccn g ccd o uy e id e i t
g
- k a m og you wan t too muc h ’
,
.
k cg-m to poin t in - k cgm -dou to poin t ; m cgn-k cgm in dex fin ger ,

’
, ,
.
k cgm -dou to poin t in m cgn - k cgm -dou to poin t ; m cgns cc-k cgm d o u to
’ ’ ’
, , , ,
po in t with the thum b ; e t c —k og—m to poin t ; .
k cgm -y a -g oc (in an II ; k cgm -y oc n ot c h (in butt of arrow ) [ un e x

’ “ ’
,
.
plai ed ; w k oc m cp possibly k am cc to play arrow th rowing

n - - .
- .
,
game ; -g oc] .
3 3 3 3 43 3 3 3 3 1 VOCABULARY O F x I O WA LANGUAGE 89
k cc-n
g ,
to be many to be many m a s a g cc d ei—b Q H n cg . Cp .
’
cce , .
’ ’
-k c n I s aw raven s an d ma ny of them
n g , .
k og -n
’
p un c t n e g ; k cgnm cg curs k cg nd cc fut fut .
,
.
’ ’
,
. .
ne g ) to brin g [ Tewa k éc-rj to brin g] Cp b cc to brin g ; h cc to ’ ’

.
, , .
, ,
brin g -k o u I brought it h cgn n I did n o t ’

n .
g , .
b ri ng it n -bou-k cgnm cg I bring it all the time n

. I , .
sh al l brin g it h ogh n I shall no t bring it B ut H-b oc

. .
’ ’
,
bring it here hand it here ! (the imp of b cc is app substituted for ,

.
’
.
the imp of k cg n ) t Q H n -k og u I fet ched water B ut t Q H

.
’
.
‘ ’
, .
‘
H-b oc fetc h water ! { S ou n —k cg n I brought you a sto n e

’ ’
, t So u
’
, .
-k o u he brought me a sto n e
éj g
’ ’
.
,
k og-n hortative verb prefix used with thir d perso n in the example s ,
obtain ed [cp possibly k ccdl particle] k ogu-h ei m let him

.
, .
’
,
di e ! k ogn -H let h im c ome H —k c n-H let them d c ome !

’ ’ ’
i g ,
. .
n -k o n -c m
g g n let it happen ! ’
,
-k cg-n in s e i k cgn green s c um —

,
.
-k o -n in p ou-k cc n ven ter of win d [ c

’
p’
ou in p ou -t cct cc to ven t ’ ‘ ‘ ‘
g , p g g , .
,
k cc d cc in k cc d cc-cc,
g
’
g
’ ’
g
to sell ; k ccd cc-
ha ng
’ ’
, to buy [cp . T ewa kII-m H,
’
to buy] .
k cg d cc-og,
’
to sell [ cg to give]
’
ts ei n a d oc I am ’
, . k
- ’
going to sell the horse .
k a d cc-h a n
g
’
to buy [h a n to get]
’
,
-
ts ei n k a d cc
’
,
.
g
’
I am goin g to buy a horse .
k cgm —cc to play arrow-throwin g game [w k cc-m c p possibly k cgm y a -g oc

’
.
,
.
g
n ot c h (in arrow ) ; cc to play ] d ei-k am I am go ing to ’

,
.
g
throw arrows .
k cgm -a -n i(n an III ) arrow-throwing game

’
.
,
.
k a -t He (an II ; k a-t He-m cg white goose [k cg wild goose

'
’ ’
, ,
.
kiH -dl (k n cc pun c t n e g ) to live dwell Cp - ki l dweller

’
. . .
, , , ,
.
o u e ig cc H-k i l-dei - H- I am goin g to live with

yHt
’ ’ ’
ci
those people .
-kiH -dl dweller in t H -ki l prairi e -c hic ken [kiH -dl to live]
‘ ’
”
, , , ,
.
KiH -g u ccdl -d a -dei-kiH (an I ; KiH -g u c c -d a -g oc ’

I n dian (m an ) .
’
,
red meat m an here referring to ski n c olor : kiH meat ; gu ccdl-d cc

“
, , ,
to be red ; -dei ; -KlH ] .
kiH (in an I ki H in meat flesh

.
“
kiH n -b Q Ii I s aw , .
g ,
the piec e of meat n a kiH my flesh .

, .
kiH (o cc urrin g in the material o nl y with chest (an at ) [ c p . .
possibly kiH flesh] Cp z e ip female breast ; bou t -d a y H in , . .

, ,
the belly ; H -kiH —d n a t he art of wood ’

nag ki H -d ’
n yH
’
, .
,
in my c hest .
kiH in k y H-h iH highest ; k iH -t a -h i H very ; ky He- h H d e i highest

‘ ’ ’ ’
.
, , ,
-kiH -dei in t e idl -kiH -d e i (-tsou ) ba c kward o n head [ t e idl rump ; , ,

-kiH un explain ed ; -dei] .
ki (H ) -s a-d a kettle [meat boiler ; w s cg Cp s cgn-tsei to put to boil ]

’
,
. .
,
.
90 B URE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
-
kiH -t in beidl-kt -n s cree ch-owl ,
.
kiH -t a -h j H adv
‘ ’
very [kiH app as in ky H e-h H -dei highest ;
’
.
,
.
’ ’
,
t a -b i H very far] kt j H yH —gu oc you are very ’ ‘

h
’ ’
m
‘ ’ ’
H ,
a n .
,
wis e .
*
ki H -t H ( kiH
‘ ’
punc t ne g ; kiH
“
fut ne g ) to be . .
,
afraid [kiH un explain ed ; t H -dou t

a t cc n cg h cgn
’ ’
t H y H H
-t s
e g a d
’
cc (or H -ki H if he c omes I sha ll
’
no t
’ ’
,
be afraid .
kiH -t so ue (in an I ) broth [meat soup ] Cp li cgn -t so u e tomato soup

.
,
. .
, .
kt so u e n -t o u dl a b H I took a taste of broth ’

.
k H In k iH-h t
I in s in gle fil e ; k I H -a to be lo ng .
k H -dei in k iH-d e i- cgm n k iH-d e I -d cc t o menstruate [ un explain ed ]

’
i , , .
k I H -d e i- ccm n to men struate

’
g g ,
.
k i H -dei-d cc to men struate ,

k i ei-d cc sh e has menstruatio n .
, .
k H -b iH -t verb prefix in sin gle fil e ; o n e by o n e two by two e t c

“
I , , , .
[ p
c -k
iH -h t
. in t cc -
p i
-h t to ferry a c ross ; a n d po s sibly k
‘
-n
iH iH , ,
long t all ] Cp k a n
,
abreast . Et y o u p H -k I Hh t
.
’
.
’
t S H d e i the m e n are marc hin g in sin gle fil e kt

’
, y o up n iHn y H .
H-k iHh t -t s H d e i the m e n are marchin g two abreast p H ny H

’ ’
,
.
’
H-k i(H) h t -t e ipd cc they are c omin g out o n e by o n e

’ ‘
,
.
-k I H —h t in t ccp-i h t to ferry ac ross Cp t ccp-h t to cross

‘
,
. .
‘
,
( water ) ; iH
k -h t in s in gle fil e e t c ,
.
k iH-D ie (k w -e k m -e-m os k iH-nyou -p l -n o u- ,p lon g t e ll [ cp . , , ,
k iH-h t in sin gle fil e ] Cp cgn t s H—k iHn iH to be a great ’ ’

. .
,
walker ; e t c H -k y 11 em cg d ei-b Q u I s aw the lo n g sti c k

’ ’
,
. .
g
H -k iHn jH n H
’ ’
-b
i Qu
n I s aw d lo n g sti c ks H -k
iH jH n b Q H I
n -
, . .
’ ’
,
s aw t pl lo n g sti c ks n cg-ccd l- k iHn iH I have lo n g hair t s e ih iH-k y ne

’
. .
,
.
-e i I s aw a lo n g dog h -k d e i—bou I saw lo n g

n g
t
,
s ei iH iH y n o u p .
dogs .
kou in kou-oH app to e n ter , . .
-kou in t a —kou - d cc to be deaf [ cp possibly kou t to be hard]

’
—
,
. .
,
-kou in b ei-kou go ahead !

,
kou-b H app en ter [cp kou-bei c aptive]

,
.
,
pou di t H -n .
,
.
’
é j k o ub H a bug h as gotten in to my eye

’
— .
,
kou-bei (an I ; koubou -p c aptive [ cp k o ub H to e n ter ]

.
,
.
, .
kou-dou verb prefix very very mu ch very many pretty [w kou , , , , .
c p possibly kou —t hard ;

. w —dou c p possibly -dou-e too much or , . .
,
-dou with koudou -e it d e i-dou - u cct I wrote

] yH g
’
p o s t p , as .
,
n ,
.
,
to him m an y times H-koudou-h o u dl—d cc I am pretty sick H .

’
,
.
’
koudou-d n -d cc I am pretty tired n -koudou-Z H dl b e i that ,

.
,
is awful t iH y H-koudou-k oup -cgm n . I am going to be ‘ ’

,
sufferin g lii ccm b cc n -koudou-heim . the people are

go in g to be hard u p .
kou—dl—ou (an II ; kou-dl-ou-g oc a small siz ed dog su ch as the

.
,
K iow a u se d to have = t SH do u , .
92 BU RE A U or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ 3 3 3 3 34
-
ku ccn e idl
’
a big danc e fiesta [ e idl large], ,
’
, .
k u cc-n-n i(n an III ) danc e [gu oc-n to danc e] Cp kuccn th rown .

, , . .
,
away thing ku ocun n t -a I saw the danc e .

, .
k u ccn-kiH (an II ; k u ocn-d cc dancin g m an

.
, .
k u ocn-m H (an II ; k u ccn-m He-m og danc ing woman

.
, .
ku cc-se i-t (k u cc-s e i-t -d oc bob -tail ed Cp b o us ein-ku ccse it bird , . .

,
sp lit bob -tailed buzzard

.
,
. k u a se it he is bobta il ed .
, .
ku cc-t 1 m arked pa in ted ; 2 as n o un (in an

, . markin g painting, . .
, ,
pi c ture writin g in strumen t p e n pen cil wri ting table [gu oc-t to
, , , , ,
mark pain t] Cp k a -k u cct -H d cc mul berry tree ; k u cct-d oc to be

,
. .
‘ ’ ’
, ,
marked ; sei t-k u cct racc oo n ; t o n e-ku cct spotted ; t Q II-k u cct book ; , , g ,
h cg -t Q H-k u oct telegraph typewriter 1 t S o u-k u cct n -b Q u

’
, . .
, ,
I s aw a pain ted ro c k 2 k u cct n -b Q u I saw o n e pi c tur e k ucct . .

, .
n t -b
Qu I saw the t pl pi c tures , ei d e i D a k y H k ucc t n -d cc . .
’ ’
,
this is G od s (prea c hin g ) book (words quoted from a Kiowa hymn )

’
.
ku cc-t (k u cct g cc pun c t n e g ; k u ccdl d cc fut k u cct g a d cc fut n e g )

’ ’ ’
.
, ,
. . .
,
to o w e Cp k a -dou to o w e .
,
o u e id e i-ci é i—k u cct
. I owe
‘ ’ ’
, .
’ ’ ’
,
that fellow o u e id e i-e i h cgn é i-ku cct d cc I do no t owe that fellow

.
’ ’ ’
, .
’
o u e id e i n a-e jm H-k u cct that fellow owes me ’
o u e id e i n cc-e im
’
,
.
’
g
’
h cgn k ccdl H-k u cct d cc that fellow does n o t owe me k t

’ ‘
Ic c ,
.
o u e id e i— ci é i- k u ccd ld cc to m orrow that fellow will be owin g me

’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
k t
'
n c c o u e id e i-
e i h cgn si
’
tomorrow that fellow ’ ’
will n o t be owin g me .
-k u cc-t in boudi -k u cct -n s curf fil th ,

.
k u cct -H -d cc (in an II ; k u cct -H 1 p e n pen cil ; 2 writing

’ “
.
,
. .
table [writin g wood] Cp i eating table . . .
k u cct -d oc to be marked be pain ted [ d oc]

,
ku ori-d oc it is marked ,
.
,
.
k u cct -h e i d oc it is n o t marked -ku a t it is goin g to be

n ,
.
pain ted .
ku cct - oc in an II s chool bell

g ( ; k u cct .
[markin g n e ck hun g metal] .
ku cc-tou (an II ; k u cc-t o ir-g oc k u cc-tou-b oc . bird Cp k u cct o u , ,

. .
eagle p ; t e in ei bird
-k u cct o u bla c kbird s
t ,; t ei
s ,
.
,
.
k u cct o u-h jcc (an II ; k u cct o u-h n I-e g

eagle [real b ird right bird]
.
, , .
k u cct o uh iH -t in an II eagle feather

( ; k u cct o uh iH
“
. .
ku cct o ut k cce (in an book c ase = ku cct-s a -g oc Al so t Q uk ucct

‘ ’
— .
,
.
o u t k cce
‘
.
k u cct o u-tou (in an bird c age [ bir d house] Ct k u cct o u-t o uS

’
. I) ,
. .
Q un ,
b ird n est .
k u cct o u-t O U S i(n an III ) bird n est C t ku cct o u-tou b ird c age
Q Hn
’
.
,
. .
,
.
k u cct -s a —g oc book c a s e = k u cct—o u t k cce [s cc to put several in]

’ ‘
.
, , ,
k u cct -tou (in an I ) s c hoolhouse [writing house] .

,
.
k u cct -t Q iI ink [m arking water]

‘
.
g ,
k u-e (an II ; k u -e i—gu oc wolf [ Tewa x 1) -y o wolf] Said to be

’ ’
.
.
, ,
the most gen eral term for wolf including black wolf gray wolf , , ,
3 4 3 3 3 43 3 3 3 1 VOCABULARY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 93
oyote e t c Cp ky He gray wolf ;

c , . h o u k Q II m
. H-t ,
’
g
’
,
c oyote .
kue -iH (an II ; kue -y u-e

’ ’
wolf-c ub
.
’ ’
, .
kue —k Q 1I -n (an II ; kue -k Q 1I-g a -t

’ ‘
g
blac k wolf .
’ ‘
g
’
, .
K ue L o n ewolf ; cp Moon ey p 4 0 4 [ kue wolf ;

”
’ ’
p rsn .
, .
,
.
,
H cc e
’
lo n e : H
p g
’
cc o n e -
; ci]
’
p g , , .
ku e s y Hn
’
little wolf a desc riptive term applied to the c oyote by
,
“
,
o n e of the in forman ts Cp h o u k Q H m c oyote ’ ’

. .
, .
kue -t He (an II ; kue—t He-m cg

’
white wolf
.
, .
kue -Z Q u (an II ; kue -Z Q 1I -g oc

’
c a n in e tooth [ wolf tooth ]
.
’
g , .
k iI cg
g
-dei ( Hg g
k c - oc pro n other k
[ ug c u n explai
,
n ed ; dei ]
- Cp .
, . .
k a -dei other ; k oc t pl others k II ccd e i tou e in the other

’ ’ ’
. .
, , g g ,
room .
ky H wolf in k y H -t He gray wolf , , .
ky H - e p r e p o u n d form referr in g to fighti n g enemy C omanche ; , ,
s c alplo c k vertex [ cp ky H e -d cc to fight ] ,

.
, .
ky H e - ccdl g u
’
cc dl (a n II ; k y H e - ccdl g u cct -d cc woodpecker sp .
’
, .
k
[ y H -e said to refer to V ertex c p k y H e -
pa d cc s c alplo c k]
- Cp ,
.
’
, . .
ccdl gu ccdl woodpe c ker sp lit red head

’
,
. . .
,
ky H e -d cc (an I ; ky H e -d a -g oc en emy [cp ky H e —kiH enemy ;

.
’
, .
,
n a ky H e d cc n -
a I s aw my (perso n al ) en emy
g , .
ky e d cc
H - t o fight [ p
c
,
m c g
- iH - k y H e to have c ramps k y H e - H e cc to
p g .
’ ’
, ,
’
,
fight] m -k H e d cc they are fight in g ’

ej
.
y , .
ky H e d a -b H to go to fight Cp ky H e -d a -liiH warrior

’ ~ ’
. .
, , .
H—ky H e d a
’
I am goin g to go to war
’ ’
.
ky H e d a -RiH (an I ; ky n e-d a -g oc warrior [ky H e -d cc to fight]

’ ’
,
.
, .
ky H e -n i(n an III ) war [cp ky H e -pH e g cc to fight ; .

,
.
’
,
ky H e -Ei H (an II ; ky H e —gu oc 1 en emy (m an ) ; 2 Ky H e -EiH

.
, . .
,
C omanche (m an ) In very early times the C omanc hes were .
enemies of the Kiowa ; henc e the n ame Cp ky H e -d cc en emy ; . .

,
e tc . Ky H e -ci amo ng the C oman c hes ’

,
.
ky H e -pH e g cc to fight war [cp ky H e -n war ; C t pH e g cc

’ ’
, .
, , ,
.
to fight (an ordin ary fist fight e g ) h e ig cc é iIn -ky H e ,

. .
’
pH e g o up they are goin g to fight

’
.
,
Ky H e -pcgn-RiH (an II ; Ky H e -pcc d cc C hin aman = T Hn-pcgn-IiiH

.
g
’
, ,
[ s c alplo c k m an ] C p k y H e -
fia d cc s c al plo c k . .
’
, .
ky H e -pa d cc (in an II ; ky H e -pcgn s c alplo c k [ky H e referrin g to

’
.
,
w ar ; -pcgn referrin g to the braid] Cp ky H e - ccdlgu ccd l wood

’
. .
, ,
pec ker sp in whic h ky H e is said to refer to the vertex

.
, .
ky H e -s a -dei (an II ; ky H e -s a dou-

’
p mourn in g dove [said to
.
’
,
soun d like en emy Cp t cck cce -ky H e S a d e i domesti c

“
.
‘ ’
,
pigeo n .
ky H -b o ud l-iH (an II ; ky H -b o u d l-y u-e

’
domestic sheep ky H
.
’
,
.
’
boudi un explain ed ; -iH d im ] ’

,
.
94 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLO GY
’
- ’ ’
-
ky H b o udliH h a t H d e i o
’
idi sheep ran ch [ sheep wire fen c ed plac e
,
large] .
-
ky H b o ud liH p a n III ) wool [sheep fur] (in an
’ ’ ’
,
. .
ky Heb H -pH e g cc t o take c are of [k y rI eb H as in k y Heb H —d cc to take

’ ’ ’ ’
, g ,
c ar e of ; pH e g cc] - cc e cc I c ared for him

n YHe-k ’
b
’ ’
H p g .
,
.
’
H-k y He-b H take c are of h im ! ’
k y He-b H -d cc
’
pun c t n e g k y Heb H d cc to take . .
’ ’
,
c are of [ c p k YHeb H - to take are of n y Heb H d cc

-k ’
]
’ ’
p g
H e cc c .
,
.
,
I am tak in g c are of him h cgn n I am n o t .
taking c are of him H you take good c are of him ! .

’
k y H e-h H -dei to be highest [w k y H- e c p kiH -t a -t

’ ’
,
very ; -h H .
’
.
‘ ’
,
’
un explain ed c p po ssibly h H to stan d up ; -dei] ,

k ccn .
’
,
.
‘
g
’
’
Hn your n ame is highest .
-k --
yH e n in bou t -k
y Hen to be bloated ,
.
k ru—e see k iH- ,

D is lo n g ,
kcc (defe c tive verb ; Ra g cc , t so ug cc , stat n e g ; t s o uy H , ’ ’ ’

. c urs .
;
t so u t cc , fut ; t s o ug a t cc , f lit n e g ; t s o u d e i,
’ ’ ’
. . o ne
lies Tpls c orrespo n den t is ku ccdl [ Cp Eu cc-dl , several lie ;

. . . . kou-p ,
to lay several ; Tewa 126 o n e lies kfi u to put ; an d for tsou , ,

’
,
- oc’ c
g p .
t Se i-p to lay o n e ] Cp d ei-Ea to lie asleep ; H-o udl-k cc whore ;

’ ’
, . .
, ,
m cc to lie down p H g cc ts e i kcc o n e horse is lyin g ; y iH ts e i

’ ’
g , .
,
-l§ cc two horses are ly ing but h H o u d e i t s —liu ccdl t l horses

éi
’
i
’ ’
, ; eig cc c p , .
are lying p H g cc Eo up ci-kcc o n e moun tain is lyin g ; yiH koup

.
’ ’
,
-l€ cc two moun tain s are lyin g but h H o u d e i koup Iiu ccdl several
éi
’ ’
, ; ,
mo un tains are ly in g n é i-p H b i-Ea they are my d brothers .

’
,
. .
’
éj m - t s o u d e i li e (there ) ! poue éim -t s o u t cc
,
don t lie (there ) ! ’ ’
,
’
heit b H-t so u d e i let us d lie down ! poc Rec moon li es there is a , .

’
, ,
moon poc kcc river lies p H e Rec the sun is up

.
’
,
.
,
.
kcc (an II ; Ea -
’
g oc t pl ; Ra in
. knife [cp Ecc to c u t ] Cp
’
, .
’
.
’
,
. .
’ -
k a S Q H grin d s ton e ; k cce -kQ H-g oc flin t ; h a -kcc iro n kn ife
- ’ ’
, , , .
Ecc n -dou I have a knife

’ ’
, .
li cc to c u t [ cp k cc kn ife]
’
, H
p n b e i.
-b H
n -kcc I c u t him
’
,
.
’ ’
,
with the edge m cgn-IEa -y oc h e ig cc h ei H-cgm n my o u t plac e

'
’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
has gotten well has healed ,

.
Ecc Ea in lEcc-H t -d cc dish ; Ea -d

’
l wheel ’
,
’
,
.
Koc-H t -d cc (in an II ; kcc-H dl d pl ; KOC— H dl kcc-H t in

’
. dis h
“ ’
,
.
’ ’
( of a n y k in d ) [ Ec c as in k a —d l wheel ;
- H -dl - H -t rou n d -
; d cc]
’
,
’ ’
.
Cp S Q Hn -kcc t cc ba s ket lit grass di sh

’
. . .
, ,
li cc-dl (in a n I ) gum c hewin g gu m C p k Q n-IEccdl tar lit bla c k

'
’
“
.
, , . .
, ,
.
gum ; z onn-Ea dl pitch lit p in e gum ; Ra dl sei glue ,

Ra dl ,
.
—
, .
d n y H in the gum , .
- kcc-dl in p H -li ccd l clitoris ; ou- k ccd l uv u la ; ou - 1Im -

pQ ,
kocdl A dam s ’
,
’
g ,
’
apple .
96 BU RE A U OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY [ 3 3 33 34
I sh all n o t meet him

h cgn n po uc H
’
him . .
do n t you meet h im ! H ka dei , you meet him ! hei t b H Ea d e i,

’ ’
- ’
- ’
let us meet him ! heit poue b H let us n o t meet him !

Ea dl e i
- pun c t n e g ; kcct d cc, Ra d t , c urs kccdl d cc , fut ;
’
’
- . . .
fut n e g ; kccdl , to bite [cp Tewa fio , to eat]

‘
. . .
Cp Ka dl liiH , A rik are e m an , cv biter

- -li a dl e i, I bit
’
.
n . .
h im h cgn n . I did no t bite him n -bou-kcct d cc, I .
b ite him c o n tin ually n li ccdld cc , I shall bite him h ogn n

- ’
. .
I shall n o t bite h im ’
H-Ea dl, bite him ! b H-kccdl , le t .
us bite him ! kt j H Hn ej ei n cg h e id cgn (for h e id cc h cgn) ’ ’

é i-s
’
-1
2a dl
’
tou t a g oc h e ig cc h ei m the m an bitten by a rattlesn ake died ’

,
before rea ching c amp é i-Ea dl e i he bit me also he stun g me .

’ ’
, ,
( e .g of yellowj a.c ket ) . H e

n n ei iH he is a dog who
-kcct d cc t s h ’ ’
,
is always bitin g people .
k a -d Q H-bei-t S Q u-b iH (Ra -d Q n-bei-t S Q H-hyo n-p a kin d of idol

’ ’
,
[ u n e x pl ain e d z k a app c liff ;

-d Qu
-bei app in un der ; app ’
. .
,
.
t S Q IIh iH mother-in-law ]
g , .
Ea g cc (in an II ; Ea d pl ; Ea in c liff = ka Cp
’ ’ ’ ’
.
n p , .
, . .
k a -d cc to be pre cipitous ; toub a cliff ; d ld H cliff

’ ’
, , , .
k a -n
’
i(n an I ; cv ka—g a -t t pl ; Ea -n . a in “
1 .
’
,
.
’ ’ ’
.
skin ; 2 rubber (so c alled from its res emblan c e to skin ) [cp a
. .
’ ’
skin in a —y H -t to s kin ; e t c ; also possibly d 20g in t H -li cg eyelid

,
’ ’
, .
’
, ,
which m ay be a d im of k a Cp oct -k a - g a t s c alp ; k oce skin ; .

’
.
’ ’ ’
,
‘
,
tei-t skin ,
Ea n -e I m un der (my ) skin = teit -d Q 11 m
.
’
g
’
, , g
’
.
ka -n p (in an III ) cliff = 1Ea -g oc Cp k a -d cc to be prec ipitous ;

'
’ ’ ’
. .
, , ,
.
d l d H cliff , .
- H’ d c n - H’ d ’—d cc
ka n pp (an II ; ka n pp chick e n h awk sp
’ ’
g .
a ,
.
[ said to so u n d like c lif f -prairi e : Ea

n p c liff ; p H prairie ;
’
,
’
-d c -n un explain ed - H d ocn whi c h is eviden tly an other

] C k p p
’
g , p . .
g ,
fo rm of the same n ame .
Ea n -Fso u t n e (in an yu cc a plan t [hamm er skin : ka n

’ ‘ ’ ’
.
,
skin ; t So u t H e hammer-sto n e] ‘ ’
, .
Ea -h e i m to feel c old ; to die of c old [ ka

’ ’
, referrin g to c old ; h ei m ’ ’
,
to di e ] H-k a —h e i m I am c old
. k a -h e i m he froze to
’ ’ ’
,
.
’ ’
,
death m iHn H-ka -h eim H I am dying with the c old ky Hh j H

.
’ ’
.
’ ’
m i (H ) Ea —h iHh e idl the m an al most d ied from the c old

’
.
,
Ba b ou di -s n dl -cgm n
’
to have chills an d fever [ app to be chill sick
’
,
.
feverish ; Ra referring to c old ; app h o udl as in houdi-d cc to be ’

.
,
si ck ; S H dl -cgm n to have fever] ’

, .
k a —k oce-bi (H ) -h i l b H (in an III ) c ave (in ban k ) [ ka c liff ;

’ ‘ ’
—
,
.
- k oce-b i (H ) un explain ed ; w -biH-dl cp possibly hiH-dl arroyo ;

‘
. .
,
- b H p o s t p an d n oun p o s t fix ]
, . .
ka -S Q H (in an II ; k a -S Q u-g oc t pl ; Ea -S Q H in grin dsto n e

’ ’ ’
.
, .
[ app k cc kn ife ;
-S
.
Qu gri n der ’
c p, S QH
-m to gri n d ; c p c i-S
Qu
-b cc
, , .
,
.
’
,
metate lit seed grinder] , . .

3 3 3 3 3 43 3 3 3 1 VOCABULAR Y OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 97
-1Ecc-t p ou-IEcct-d cc to be syphiliti c [cp -KlH in t o u dl-kiH to have

'
'
in
'
,
.
,
v en ereal dis ease] .
Ea
’
-tou ( i n a n I ) s u n da n c e [ E a u n explai
. n ed ;
-
,tou is said to soun d ’
like tou house] ,

.
ka t o u-tou (in an I ) sun danc e house [ tou house]

’
, ,
. .
ka t
’
— to c u t
,
in two with a k n ife [ to k ni fe s ever ] n - ka t .
’
,
I c u t it (the meat ) with a kni fe d é i-ka t I c u t it (the bread ) .

’
,
with a knife .
-
Ea t e i
’
- n I H - b cc (i n a n II ; k a —t -
e i iH
n d l
p ; li a -t -
e i n iH in .
“ ’
,
.
’
root [ un expl ain ed ka said to soun d like cliff ; -b oc] ’

.
Ra t e in iH-d Q Hb H un dern eath the roots

’
,
.
Ea t e i iH y H
’
n -s -d cc (in a n II ; k a t n -
e i jH s y rm
’
rootlet [s y Hn to .
“ ’
g , ,
be small] .
Ecg (
’
in a n II ; li a - d c
.c t l
p ; E c -
g n in
“
wil d to m ato tomato
’
,
.
,
-n to s c owl be pu c kered
k ; it was explain ed that the part
’
[ p
c cc .
g , ,
of the wild tomato frui t adj ac en t to the stem is pu ckered when c e ,
the n ame] Cp kcgn-tso u e tomato soup . .

, .
-ko in t H -k c eyelid [ c p po s sibly k a -n

g g
’
,
ski n ] .
’
,
.
liog—n (in an I ) s c ab [ cp k ogu stiff ; Ecgn—d cc to be s t ifl c happed ]

.
, .
, ,
.
k ogn n I am going to pull o ff the s c ab .
kcg —n to s c owl (wrinkl e forehead ) be pu ckered [cp Iicg wild

’ ’
.
, , ,
tomato fruit] d ei—kcg n I s c owl .

’
,
.
-kc -n
g sti f f hard c happed rough
,
in d cg m -ka -d cc elod
, ; (kcgn , , g
’
,
b Q uh Q rI -d cc hat ; kcgn -k iH turtle app hard s hield ; k oce -IEcgn

'
‘ ‘
, , ,
.
g
h o udl drago nfly lit rough skin ; s a t -Ba n hard animal ex c reme n t ;
, , .
,
li -t -d cc i ci cle lit ic e hangi ng down -k c n -b H

t ein c n
c g ; t s o u dl g , ,
.
t s H t wing feather
, .
-k c -n in c n-ko n hoof c n
[ g foot]
’ ’
g g g ,
.
-k cc - n in m cc n ose [m cc n ose]
’ ‘
’ ‘
’
.
g g g
Ecgn-b Q uh Q H-d cc (in an II ; b Q IIh Q Ig I in hat

.
g ,
b Q Hh Q H-d cc [ kcgn stiff] ,

.
Iicgn -d cc to be stiff hard c happed [ d cc to be]

, n,
-k c n -d cc it
g , , .
,
is stiff H-m cgn-kcgn-d cc my hand is c happed

.
’
, .
k cgn-k iH (an II ; liccn -k iH-g oc t pl ; k ogu -k iH in

‘
.
g
soft-shelled ‘
,
.
‘
tur tle [ app hard shield : k ogn to be stiff ; -k iH shield] Al so .

‘
.
c alled E@ k iH-p H t n thin soft-shell ed turtle Cp t Q H-kcgnk iH

“ ‘ ’
. .
, ,
hard-shell e d turtle lit water hard shield ,

. .
k ognk I H-p H t - II k - H t- a - l soft -s helled turtle

n (a n ; ogn k iH p g t t p . .
[ p H t -
n t hi n ] Al so merely , k c gn k iH C p t n kcgn k jH hard
I
.
- “
. .
‘ “
,
shelled tur tle .
Rogn-t so ue tomato soup [ Bog-m (wild ) tomato ; tsou-e soup ]

, , , .
Ra to be grea sy in Eccn
’
grease ; k a-d oc to be greasy ; ka -t og ’ ’ ’
'
’ *
, g , , ,
to fry ; pou di -Ea -t cg e pin ac ate ; e t c ’ ’

, .
k a cc m ei to grea s e [ Tewa kH
’ ’
g
’
,
-n — q
g j to greas e] k ue p H
‘
, .
‘ ‘
a cgm d cc I am goin g to grease the wago n

-k ’ ’ ’
n , .
98 BU RE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
Ra d a (in an
’
III ) sweetbread [ the greasy o n e the o ne whic h is fried
.
, ,
k cc to be greasy ; -d cc]
* ’
.
g
Eff -d oc to be greasy [ d cc to be]

, Cp Ref -gy m grea s e ; e t c , . . .
H d cc ei-k a d oc d ei-b Q H I s aw a greasy sti c k k a d ocn é in-a

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
H —
, .
,
I s aw d greasy sti cks H n.

-k d oc
a n t —l I I s aw t pl .
’ ’ ’
g , .
greasy stic ks k a-h e i d oc it is no t greasy .

’
, .
Ea -dei to be bad u n pleasan t Cp k cg - dei-dl badly ;

’ ’
.
, , .
,
t o u dl-k cg d e i app swall ow s ps t s e jh iH n -k a dei your

’ ’
, . .
,
.
dog is n o good n -kcgcd e i it is n o t good (for me to s e e you tired ) .

’
,
.
a dei it is n o good ; also too bad !

-k ’
n ,
kiH -dei (kind e ig cc pun c t n e g ; lEi e id e ip c urs k i ci f a

’
fut
,
.
,
.
’
,
.
k i e ig a t cc fut n e g ; k i e id e i to have a husban d [ KlH

’ ’
, ,
.
,
husban d ; -dei as in t H -dei to have a wife] Cp kiH -h a n to be ‘ ’

,
. .
’
,
married get a husband , H-k i ei I have a husban d h cgn ’
H-ki e ig cc I am n o t married m iHn H-k i e id e ip I amabout

. .
,
’ ’ ’
.
, ,
"
to be marri ed H-ki e it cc I shall have a hus ban d h cgn ’
,
. .
H I shall n o t have a husban d e m -IEi e id e i be

'
’ ’
. I ,
married ! m Hy iH k i ei-dei n -b Q H I s aw the marri ed woman ’

, ,
E i e i-m Hy iH -dei n -b Q u .
Ea -dei-dl badly [ Eat as in fia d e i to be b ad -dei-dl ]

’
,
Ea d e id l ’
,
.
’
-dei peidou d ei-h d cc he di d n o t treat me well an d

éj
’
ei ,
that is wh y I left .
Ea d e i-ci-d cc to feel bad s ad [ lia d e i to be bad ; -e i un exp lain ed ;

’ ’ ’ ’
g , , ,
d oc to be] H-l€ a d e i-ci-d cc I feel bad ’ ’ ’

, .
,
.
EiH -e idl (an II ; kiH -e it-d cc

’
father-in -law [ fi H m an ; e idl
.
’
,
’
,
big here in the sense of old ; c t e idl-fi H old m an whi c h has the
, .
’
, ,
same stems in revers ed order] Cp d Q Hm father-in-law so n-in . .

, ,
law ; y H t -kiH so n-in -law , .
Ecc-n
g
’
(in an III ; ka in grease greasy plac e [ Ea to be
.
,
’
greasy ; Tewa ci grease ; n ] Cp a p Q He

li - E - to sizzle ; k cc -
g
t cc , . .
’
,
*
g
’
g
’
,
to fry ; t H-n grease ka n’

n t -bou I saw some grease
,
.
’
.
k a -m cg-n (in an tes ticles

’
. .
g
Ea m cgn -b iH m k cce (in an

’
s c rotum [ testicles bag] ‘
. .
k a n cgt -s ocp o uy —iH (an II ; kcg n cgt -s ccp o uy -ou-p t pl ; k a n cgt -s ccp o uy
’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘
.
.
,
iH in fly [ app ka n cgt as in k an a spider ; s oc un e x .

g
’ ’ ’
,
plain ed ; -p oue iH : p ou trap web ; -ci ; -iH dim ] ‘

— ‘
, ,
’
,
.
Ea n cgt s ccp o uy iH -e idl blue fly [large fly]

’ ‘ ’
.
,
k a -n a -t og (an II ; Ea -n a -t a -g oc t pl ; k a -n egr-t in
’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
. .
g
sp ider (said to refer to any kin d ) [cp Ra n cgt -s ap ouy-iH fly] .

’ ‘
,
.
-k
Qn
-e id l an II
( ;
-k‘
Q n-
i -d cc tara’
n t ul a .
‘
,
[large blac k s pider] .
-k -
QH n (a n II ;
-k
‘
-a-
Qu g t black spider .
“ ’
,
.
-p ou in an III
) spider w e b [ spider trap ]
‘
( .
,
.
Ref -p ou e to s izzle [ to grease soun d : Ea greas e ; p one to soun d]

,
’
,
.
kiH Hn k a-a
’ ’
n ,
the beef is sizzlin g .
0
10 BU E R AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BULL 84 .
I saw two sticks of firewood RiH n -b Q u I saw some firewood .

, ,
a bun ch of firewood .
KlH -b H to go to get firewood

, H I am go ing to go .
’
after wood .
kiH -dei (IEi e id e ip to have a husban d [ EiH husban d ; -dei as

'
, ,
is t H —dei to marry a woman] Cp kiH -h a n

‘ ’
, to marry a . .
’
,
m an . H-k i ei I h ave a husban d

’
, .
kiH -g og - m (also k n ccm e i stat ; lin cc m cg punc t n e g ; lin a m cg

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
g , g , .
,
c urs ; k n cgm d cc fut ; fut n e g ; Rn cg m

’ ’
,
. . .
,
kn a m iH ’
to rule [w kiH c p ky H t H e kiH chief ; -g oc m
,
. .
, g
’
,
un explain ed] Cp k n cg m -n Rn cg m -d H rul e kin gdom

. .
’
,
’
, .
na gn
-R
n g g c m c I am rul in g (said ’
e g by c hief ) n
,
-fi
c gm d cc . . .
,
I am goin g to rul e b egn I am no t going to .
rul e Hm b H-kn ag -m iH you rule ! Hm m Hn-kn a m iH ye (1

.
’ ’
,
’
g
’
, .
rul e ! poue b H-k n ccm d cc do n t rul e ! n a b H-lZn cgm let us ’

,
’
,
rule ! heit poue b H-lEn cgm d cc let us no t rule ! n -Rn a m ei ’

,
’
,
I rul ed h écn n . I did no t rul e n cc n -lin cg m I .

g
’
,
am the rul er Hm b H-B c g m you are the rul er .

’ ’
, .
kn cg m -d H (in an rul e kin gdom k

Hm n g d n l l-
’ ’
. c , .
g ,
I s aw thy kin gdom Hm En cg d n t -b

Q u I s aw thy kin gdoms
.
’ ’
, .
kn cg m -n
’
i(n an III ) rule kingdom . k n cg m n n t -b Q H , , .
’
,
I saw the kingdom .
kn cg m -tou (in an I ) c ourthouse [ lin cg m to rul e ; tou house] ’

’
.
, , , .
EiH -n (k n u cc pun c t n e g ; ki cc c urs ; k i cc fut ; k n u ccd cc

’ ’ ’ ’
.
, , ,
. .
,
fut n e g ; KIH
. to throw [ Tewa k e to toss] Cp m Hed e i-kiH
,
‘
. .
,
plaited sin ew used in game lit thing thrown up ; t So u—kiH -k cce , .

‘
,
sling ; p o u-E H n to las so ; e t c

‘
t Q nn D é l- RIH n
,
he .
‘
,
threw me in to the water t So u-dou n -k n y H I th rew a sto n e .

,
at him cc g cci .
é i-k ccdl - u cc
’
g
’
g a e n é i-k
n y H o u e it the
’ ’
,
buffalo hooked me and threw me way over né i—RiH push me .

,
(s aid whe n sitti n g o n sw in g ) ! t S o u n ejn -lZ

n y H I threw a ston e , .
h cgn n ein—kiccg u cc I did n o t thr ow it mi Hn n é jn - lii cc I am

’
.
, ,
about to throw it t So u n é in —k i cc I shall throw the ston e h ogu .

,
.
{ S ou n H jn I sha ll n o t throw the sto n e t S o u Hi m -kin .

,
throw the ston e ! H-RiH you throw at him ! é i-t So u-kn y H he ’

,
’
,
threw at me with a sto n e t So u ne jn -k i cc I am going to throw .

’
,
s to n es .
KlH -n adv afterward [ RlH un explain ed ; -n ] Cp kn y H -e

,
.
, . .
n ext ; kn y H -tsou afterward ; -kiH-b iH after ,

n cg kn y H ,
.
k a dei Ky H t H e RIH t a h e idl an d later the other chief c ame up

’
,
.
h cgn k ccdl RIH n é i k a d oc hei dl they n ever met again h cgn

- ’ ’
m ,
.
h o u d ld e i t s Hn cg g oc s cct h H o u e k n y H t a
’
he did no t c ome ba ck ’
,
for a lo ng time and he c ame way afterwards ,

.
fi iH -n -e (Rn cc p un c t n e g ; k i e ip c urs ; kn y H e t cc fut ;’ ’

.
,
.
,
.
,
En a t a fut ne g ; k i ei to be stuck in H—k n y H e

’ ’
, .
,
.
,
3 3 3 3 33 3 3 3 3 1 VOCABULARY OF K I OWA LANGUAGE 101
I am stu ck (e g in a hole whic h I was c rawling through ) m cgn . .

.
’
é i-E
ny H e my fin ger is stu c k h
, cgn H -R
n a I w as n o t stu c k .
’ ’
, .
m i H n H ki e ip I am about to be stu c k H I shall

’ ’
—
, .
be stu ck b egn H . I shall n o t be stu c k ’

;i
c m -ki ei be .
’’
,
stuck ! (c t H im k i ei you are married said to woman )

.
’
—
, , .
k n y H -e n ext [ k n y H afterward ; -ci]

, kn y H e -poc h e ig cc cce , .
’ ’
t a m H he is goi n g to c ome ba c k n ext mo n th

, kn y H e p H e n ext .
,
sum m er kn y H e -S H e n ext win ter

. .
kn y H -t s ou adv afterward -tsou l ike] , .

e jh cc h cgn t s e ig u ccn
, ,
.
’ ’
- ah d
’
i E -tsou h e i cc ’
I am n o t
n p n u a cc n e n y H g n
going to take the dog this time but will take h im later , .
- k iH h H -ki H -h H
’
in ccdl k oce - kiH h H 1 c re s t
’
2 kingfisher ; ’ ‘ ’
,
.
,
.
ccdl —t Q n (k oce ) k 1 H h H - kiH Flathead m an ; k iH h H -p g oc o c c iput ;

’ ‘
— —
, ,
k oce-liiH h H s un-perc h lit c res ted (referring to the dorsal fin )

’ ’
, ,
. .
kiH h H -p —g oc (in an II ; kiH h H -p -dei k iHh H -p o c ciput

’ “ ’ ’
.
, , ,
back of head -kiH h H as in ccdl-k oce-kiH h H c rest ; -b H -p p o s t p ’ ’ ‘ ’

, , .
,
at ; -g oc] .
kiH -h a gy cc to marry a m an [h a n to take get] Cp kiH -dei to

’ ’
,
.
, .
, ,
have a husban d n -ki H h a

n I married him I took him
.
’
, ,
as husban d .
kiH -Roup to make a fir e [ koup to lay several ] d ei—liiH -Eo up I

'
.
, , ,
made a fire h ogn d é i-ki u cc I did no t make a fire b ei-lEiH lEu oc

.
’
,
.
light the fire !

kiH -s y H-d cc (in an II ; RlH -S YHD piec e of kindling wood kin dlin gs
.
, ,
small firewood y Hn morn in g kin dl in gs

-kiH -s
k t iH
‘
[ ] .
, .
- to be frosty said to refer to freezi g solid -

'
- ki i
’
fi tH d [ -
’ ’
H cc ,
H n ; H tH ,
whi te ; d oc] .
IiiH -t e im-b H to g o to get firewood [ KlH - here app n oun ; -t e i-m

‘ ‘
.
, l ,
unexplain ed ; b H to go] Cp kiH -b H to go to get firewood ,

. .
, .
’
H-kiH I am going t o go for firewood .
kiH -tsei-b cc (in an II ; kiH -ts ei sti ck hidden in han d in han d

'
“
.
,
gam e [w kiH c p pos sibly kiH -y H oppo n en t in gam e ; tsei un e x

. .
,
plain ed ; -b oc] Cp tou cc to play han d game . .

,
.
y H in comp oppon en t (in

k iH - I i l i - ’
y H (an ; k H H
y g oc . t p ; k H ,
. .
game ) .
kiH y H - verb prefix beside amo g n n éi -ki H y H -s oc you s it

, ,
.
,
,
down beside me ! m Hy iH é j-kiHy H H n the woman was ’ ’

,
sittin g beside m e m Hy iH n -kiH y H I was sitting bes ide

.
’
the lady p H o u S H e Ky H e -si H-kiHy H -t oc I lived thr ee years

.
‘ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
among the C o m an ches .
kiH -y H e -b cc (in an wood-gatherin g rope . .
-l?:
iH t -
p o s t p ,
after in d a k iH -k
it H .
,
Mo n day lit after Su n day
,
’ ‘
, ,
.
-R1H as in ki -
Hn afterward ;
-b
iH] ,
.
ko u In ko u—g oce elk ,

.
ko u in lie u-kiH sp y ; kou-b H to go spying , ,

.
10
-
l€ o u in gu at -Ro u yellow [g uccdl g ucct red] ,
.
kou-b H to go spyin g Cp ko u—kiH spy

,
. .
,
.
-ko u dei in p a kou -dei measuring -worm

— ‘ ’
.
,
Ro u-dl (an II ; kou t -d oc t pl ; kou di in

. n e ck [ Tewa E3 n e c k ] ,
, .
,
-s e i thr oat ou throat e k i omp C -lEo u d l

] k
’ ’ ’
[ p n
'
c O u
.
; n c
,
c p cc , . .
g ,
squash lit goose n eck ; h cc ko udl -p H-g oc bell lit metal tied at
,
.
g
’ ‘ ’
, ,
.
the n eck .
Eo u dl-dei-p H-g oc (in an II ; ko u dl -dei—p H d pl ; kou di—dei-p H in

‘ “ ‘ ‘ ’
.
.
,
n e c ktie [ Ro u dl n e c k ; -dei ; -p H as in ko udl-p H n ecklac e] ,

’ ‘
,
.
Cp kou di -p H n e ckla c e
‘
.
,
.
kou di -g u ccdl a red-n e c k red-n e c ked pers on ,

Cp Boudi-t He bald ,
. .
,
eagle .
li o u dl g uccdl -d cc to be red -n e c ked H-ko ndl-gu ccdl -d cc I am ’

—
,
.
,
red-n ecked .
Ro ndi -p H (in an III ) n ecklac e [ ko u dl n e ck ; p H to be tied]

‘
. Cp , ,
. .
ko u dl -dei-p H- g oc n e c ktie ; t QHse i-ko u dl “

p H n e c kla
’
c e of lo n g beads ,
’ ‘
, ,
-
'
3 l
0ud p e ro cz - ’
h
‘
4
l .
Eo u dl p H -h y n-e ( n n
‘ ’
i a II ; . ko u dl p H -b iH, ‘ ’
d pl ; ko udl p H -h iH in
.
‘ ’
n e c kla c e of lo n g bo n e beads = t‘
Q n e i ko udl p H [ real
- ‘
,
s
e klac e]
n c .
g
ko u dl -t He (an . II ; ko u d l-t He-m cg , t pl ; ko udl —t He . in bald
eagle [white n eck] Cp Ro udl-gu ccdl red-n ecked person . .
,
.
ko u dl -t H p -ci-g oc (in an II ; ko u dl -t H p -ci fall-grape The

’ “ ‘
. .
,
grapes are small where fasten ed to the stem an d that portio n is

c alled the n e c k [ dry n e c k fruit] Cp t e id e i— ci-g oc wil d grape
’
. . .
,
Koue-ts ei—kiH (an I ; Roue-ts e i-g oc member of a Kiowa order ;

.
,
c p Moo n ey p 2 3 0[ ko u -e
. un explain ed ; app -ts ei horse ; -KIH ]
,
.
, . .
ko u- II k -e -gu oc t l k - oc—e in elk [ une x

g oc e (a n—
; o u g oc p ;
. o u g
—
, .
plain ed ; ko u was thought by Mr W aldo to mean big] . .
Ro ug cce -kiH member of a K iowa divisio n lit elk m an ; cp Moo n ey
”
, , . .
,
p 22 8
. .
Ro ug cce -t ccdl lean elk rec en t p rsn of M r Jam e s W aldo

‘
,
“
, . .
\
.
ke n-kiH (an I ; li e u -g oc spy

. Cp ko u—b H to go spying , . .
,
.
lie u-p Ey o u-p (in an II ) 1 kn ob (e g at e n d of w ar club ) ; 2 mo un

, .
,
. . . .
tain [ Tewa Ra sto n e] Cp koup -g u ccpg a t war club ; b ccdlh cc hill ; ‘

,
. .
’
,
’
,
hi l H oup -IEcc o n e moun tain is lying

'
l k
’
y iH
’ ’
pn cc , p g cc é i.
,
.
koup cgi ’‘
t w o moun tain s are lyin g h H o u d e i koup kuccdl .
’
,
several moun tains are lying .
ko u-p (ku ccg u cc pun c t n e g ; ku ccpd cc c ur s ; ku ccd cc fut ; ku ccg u ccd cc

’
,
.
,
.
’
,
.
’ ’
,
fut n e g ; ku cc
. to lay sever al So c orrespon den t is f Se ip
, . . .
[ p
c k.cc o n e lie s ; ,ku cc dl sever al lie ] C p a -koup to put away , . .
*’ ’
,
sever al d é i-koup I laid them

. h cgn d é i-ku ccg u cc I did n o t , .
’
,
lay them d é i—bou-ku ccpd oc I am layin g them all the time mi H n

.
, .
d é i-ku a pd cc I am about to lay them , d ei—ku ccd cc I shall lay them .

’
,
.
1 5 1 d kucggu ocd cc I Shall no t lay them

0 i- b ei-kucc lay them !
’
1 1 é , .
,
10
Ek Q rIm -
g
dH , life kk Q I1m -n,
=
g
. n cc k g k Qum -d H
,
my life .
Ek QH n m -
(app in an III ) life . .
, ,
= kk Qnm -d H .
kk QH m -ki H ( an . I ; kk m - oc
Qu g , perso n people .
kk m -m
(an I ; kk m - oc k
g , k Q IgIm
-m - perso n
Q rI g H .
ou He m cg,
(fem ) people ,
.
g
Ek Q um t cc to be alive [t a to be aroun d] h e id cc H-ky H

’ ’
- ’
, , .
-t cc I am stil l alive C h id pei -h H-d cc I am alive

a
’ ’
m p e cc , ei . .
, ,
lit I am n o t dead
. .
Ep -p H d cgn (an II ; kp -p H d a -d cc c hi c ken hawk s p

’ ’ ’
E vi.
, .
d e n t ly an other form of k a n p-p H d cgn q v
”
’ ’
.
, .
Ey H -p-t oc (an I ; ky H -p—t a -d cc

’
old m an [ un explain ed] Cp
.
‘ ’
, . .
I S Hn-ky n pt cc cheatin g old m an a n ame of Seind e i; e idl-kiH

‘
, ,
’
,
old m an .
g
ky H -t (Ed ld cc , ’
fut
lZd l , . to open Cp e i to . .
-
t SH t a m
’
g ,
c lose . d ei s cc ccdl -Ey H t ,

- ’
I open ed m y mouth b ei-s cc ccdl .
’
?d
1 1, open y our mouth ! d ei—s cc ccdl kd ld cc I shall open my
’
— ’
,
mouth .
ky H t H e -gu oc-d cc (in a n II ; . ky H t H e -gu oc, the lowest rib [chi ef

rib] .
ky H-t H -e -RiH (an I ; ky .

- -’
H tH e ,
c hief [w ky H . cp . kiH - g cg m ,
’
to
rul e ; -t H -e -t H -’ e un explain ed ; -kiH
] .
By H -dl -e i urs ; kd l d cc fut ; pun c t n e g ; ky t

’ ’
. cc, c .
,
.
lZy H d a d cc fut n e g ; ky H dl to c all summo n in vite [ cp

’ ’ ’ ’
, , ,
. .
Tewa t H-kQ —m ci to c all summo n] d ei-ky H dl e i I summo n ed

g , ,
.
’
,
them h ccn d ei . I di d no t summo n them m iHn d ei .
ky t cc I am about to summo n them

, h cgn m iH n d ei I .
am n o t about to sum mon them d ei-Ed l d cc I s hall s um mo n .

’
,
them h ogh d ei . I shall n o t sum mo n them poue b ei .
kd ld cc do n o t summo n them ! b ei—kd l summo n them ! heit

’
, ,
b ei—kd l let us sum mo n them ! hei t poue b e I -kd l d cc let us

’
, ,
n o t summo n them n
-bou —k t
y cc I c all him over all the time .
,
.
’
H ky H dl c all h im over !
— ’
,
l i -gou -p (in an brain [ un explain ed]

’
. .
,
ky H-m -dei adverbial verb pre p o un d in vain [ un explain ed ; -d e i] , .
m a n h e ig cc h e i n e ig cc n -d cc b H ky Hm d e i maybe he ,
s
is go n e w e d will be go ing there for n othin g

, . .
-h
ky H i H, (an I ; ky H y - o u- -b
p , t pl ; ky H i H in m an [ kiH h
’ ’
. .
as RIH , m an ; kiH , hus band ; b i H, real ] Cp m Hy -iH, woman ;

- - ’
. .
’
e idl -kiH , old m an .
-k cc in t a b H k oc, earwax
‘ ’
- - ‘
.
-k cc in p ccdl k oc g oc, drum [ c p possibly k oc-e , skin]

-
’ ‘ ’ ‘
— . .
k oc d e id l, used in the expressio n k ccd e id l Him d oc,

- - s ccp o u dl éi -d cc
‘ ‘ ’ ’
m .
See s ccp o u dl ‘
.
3 4 3 3 3 43 3 03 1 V OCABULA RY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 10
5
k
‘
oc- adverbial verb pre p o un d together
dl -h e i H k ccdlh e i ,
.
’ ’ ’
s ccdl the trees are stan din g together are in a grove

, ,
.
II k - —gu oc t l k - in c omp ; k oge ‘

skin hide ‘ ‘
-
(
’
k oc e a n ; cc e p ;
. cc e ,
. .
, , ,
tegumen t membran e c loth mat [ Tewa x c-w cl skin] Cp Ea n

, , ,
‘
,
. .
’
,
skin ; k oge little skin rind ; k a -d cc blanket ; tou-d Q um d e i k cce

‘
, ,
‘ ’
,
‘
,
mat ; t o ub H -k oce c radle hood lit fa c e—cloth ; k cch y -o udl lun g ;

’ ‘
, , .
‘
,
b i H m -k oce bag ; poud i - -

cc k
’
cce c o nn ,
e c tive tissue membra n e of ‘
, ,
meat ; p e ipo up-k oce n avel c ord ; t So u—ky H -k cce s ting ; e t c ‘

'
‘ ’
,
.
,
k oce
’
- b H -t o u dl e i (a n II ; k oce b H -t o u dl o u -
p t l
p ; k cce b H -t o u dl e i in .
‘
,
.
‘
butterfly [ explain ed as meanin g skin flapper referrin g t o ,
its flappin g skinl ike wings : k oce membran e ; -b H w -tou-dl -ci cp ‘

, . .
tou-t -goup to flap flutter] Cp k oce t o u dle i-cct cge bat lit
, ,
. .
’ ’
, , .
smooth skin flapper ; k cce -li cgnh o udl drago nfly lit rough skin ‘
, ,
. .
o u dl e i- cct cge o u dl e i-cct cge-

'
(an II ; k cce t m cg, t pl ; cce t

’ ‘
k
’ ‘
k cce t
‘
. . ou
dle i-cct cge in skin flapper] bat [smooth

'
’
.
-k ‘ oce-bi H -h i l-b H bank c aved out un dern eath

( ) in ka
’
.
,
k oce-kcgnh o u dl (an
‘
II ; k oce-k cgn h o u t -d cc t pl ; k oce—kcgnh o u dl in .
‘
,
.
“
drago nfly [rough skin : kcgn stiff rough ; -hou-dl in tensive] , , , .
Cp k a e t o u dl e i-a t cge bat

‘ ’
.
,
.
k oce
‘
(a n II ; k oce - oc t l k cce
g p ; in .
‘
, .
‘
s un- perch [skin crest so c alled from arc hed dorsal fin : k oce skin ; ,
‘
,
- KiH l1 H c rest] Cp 0 Cdl t Q H

’
,
—kiH Flathead m an
. .
’ ‘
, ,
lit head-c rested m an

. .
-ci-p eip (in an a bush whic h bears bluish edibl e

’ ‘
.
berries flat t ish or arc hed in shape [skin c rest berry bush]
, .
k oce—p He to tie clo t h (aroun d head ) [ to cloth tie]

‘ ‘
, ccdl t e i m .
’ ’ ’
d ei-k oce I am going to tie a cloth aro un d my head

‘
.
k cch y o u dl (in an III ) lun g [ cv k cce skin ; -h o udl in tensive]

‘ i
— . .
, , , .
k cch y o u dl-k ou p - d H p n eumo n ia [lung pain ]

’ ‘
,
.
k cc-t -n
‘
b u n c h k n ob C p
, t oge
-k cct -
n kn ob lit smooth knob ; , . .
‘
, ,
.
k a -d e i-dou to be in a bun c h
‘ ’ ’
, .
k cct n -d cc to be in a bun c h [ d cc to be] Cp k a dei-dou to be in

‘ ‘ ’ ’
, ,
. .
,
a bun ch p H n k cct n -d cc the clouds are in a bun c h

.
‘ ‘
, .
k a
‘ ’
p p
re o un d form of h a -
n to get in k a -H to c ome to get
;
’
, ,
‘ ’ ’
k a -b H t o go to get ; k a —t o u d cc to se n d to get k a -t cc to wan t

‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’ ’
, ,
.
,
to get ; k a -t e jn d cc to wan t to get ; e t c [ Tewa x é —Ij to get]

‘ ’ ‘
, . .
k a -H to c ome to get [ Tewa x cj-Ij J H to c ome to get] H-k a H

“ ’ ’ ‘ ’ “ ’
, .
I have c ome after it .
k a- b H to go to get [ Tewa x cj-m -m H to go to get] H-k a -b H

‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
, ,
.
,
I wen t after it .
k a -d cc (in an II ; k oc d pl ; k a in blanket [cp k oc—e hi de

‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘
.
, . .
, ,
cloth ] C p k ccd l k cg - b i H buff alo robe

‘ ’ ’
. .
, .
k a -d e i (in an III ) pan ts [k a blan ket ; -d e i]

‘ ’ ‘ ’
,
. .
10
k
'
a -
’
dei dou
to be in a bunc h [cp
- ’
. . k
‘
cc t -n , bu nch , knob ] Cp . .
k cct n -d cc to be in a bun c h é it k a dei dou d ei—b Q u I

- -
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ’
.
, .
saw a bunc h (e g of grapes ) . . . 3

] L ,
-
a dl e i k y H dle i -
I ; k a dl e i k y H dl o u-p , t pl ;
(an a dl e i-k i
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ’
k k
‘ ’ ‘ ’
dl
’ ‘
. .
in frog sp . un explain ed ; w k y H dle i c p k y H -d

‘ ’ ‘
. .
wet] Cp . . bullfrog ; k ccdl s e im a

- -’ ’
tadpole .
-’e idl
( an . II ; -b i H -d cc
,
bullfrog ,
[large
frog] .
k a -dou to owe [ app k a to get ; Cp owe

‘ ’
k ucct , t o
‘ ’ ’
. . .
ccdl h ccn
’
ci
-k a - dou he owes me mo n ey
'
g
’ ‘ ’ ’
, .
k a -t o u d cc to se n d to get n I am goin g to
‘ ’
.
,
sen d after it .
k
‘
a
’
-
ku
’
cc (an . II ; k ‘
a ku
’ ’
cc-
g oc, t pl ; k .
’
a
’
ku
’
cc in badger
[un explain ed hardl y hitter] - ’
,
k u cc, .
k a-k u cct -H d cc (in an II ; k a -k u cct -H d pl ; k a -k u cct -H in

‘ ’ “ “ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
. .
,
mul berry tree [ pain ted blanket tree] .
k a -p e idl
’ ’ ’
-d cc flat broad wide [w k a cp possibly , , , .
‘ ’
.
k ou in k ou-e it broad ; w -p ei—dl cp Tewa fé -g i fi -g i to be

‘ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
”
.
, ,
.
,
flat broad] Cp k a p e idl—sy Hn to be n arrow ; k ou -cit to be

,
. .
‘ ’ ‘
,
‘ ’
,
wide ; M a p rs n flat n o s e H d é i-b

Qu .
,
“
.
’ ’
,
I saw a broad board H n t -b

Q u I saw t pl broad .
’ ’
,
.
boards .
k a p e idl -S YHn
’ ’ ‘
—S
YH
-d cc n arrow [ broad -small
]
’
, .
-s y Hd cc a n arrow board
’ ’ ’
H ,
.
k a
'
to want to get [ app t cc to be aroun d] Cp k a -t ejnd cc to
’ ’ ‘ ’ ‘
'
,
. . .
,
wan t to get a z H e H- k a I wan ted the udder h cgn

.
’ ’ ’ ‘ ’
.
H-k a’
I did n o t wan t it k t n cc-tsou a Z H e H—k at a
‘ ’
.
‘ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’
t cc I shall wan t the udder tomorrow poue H -k a

’ ’ ’ ’
, im .
do n t you be wantin g to get it !

’
g
k a -t He (an II ; k a -t He-m cg t pl ; k a -t He in
‘ ’
. bum blebe e ‘ ’
,
.
‘ ’
[k a unexplain ed ; app t He to be whi te referrin g to the whitish

‘ ’
.
, ,
stripe o n the bumblebee] .
k a -t e in d cc to wan t to get Cp k a -t cc to wan t to get h oc

’ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
.
, . .
,
-k a -t e n d cc do you wan t to get it ? b

n éi -k a
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’
”
i a z H e egn ,
I did no t wan t to get the udder (yesterday ) .
k a -t cH shoulder in k a t Q H-gu ccdl red -win ged bla c kbird ; k a t Q H

‘ ’ ‘ ‘ ’ “ ’ ’ ‘
, , ,
bo e] Cp
”
e i-g
’
oc sho u l der bread , [ k a
“
u n explai n ed ; t ol1 n
‘ ’ ‘
g
. .
d cgn shoul der blade , .
k a t Q H— ci-
‘ ’
g oc
‘
(in an II ; k a
’
t -
Q n ci shoulder bre ad It .
“ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
,
“
.
was stated that Mexic an s make t hi s an d Kiowas used to tr ade a ,
horse for a sac k of it .
k a t Q u-g u ccdl (an II ; k a t cu-

‘ ’ “
g u cct -d cc red -winged bla ckbird .
‘ ’ ‘
,
[rod shoulder] .
10
k ag
‘ ’
c n-kiH ( I ; k aa
-d cc
an .
’ ’ ’
, poor m an (in se ns e of either pitiable
or no t rich ) C t Q ud e i-lEiH . .
’
,
ric h m an .
cc - (in an III ) n ame [k cc to be c alled ; -n ]

’
k
‘ ’
n gt
‘
g
.
, g , na .
my ame n .
k a -h i H (in an I ) buffalo robe = k a dl—k a d oc [ real blanket]

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
, , .
k a -t H
‘
g
’ ‘
pun c t n e g ;
’
c urs ; . .
fut ; . fut ne g ; to pity [k a as in .

’ ’
k a -ccn to be pitiable ; I pitied him

' ’ ’
g n , .
h cgn n I did n o t pity him n -bou I .
pity him n I sh all pity him h ogu n

. .
I shall no t pity him H pity him ! .

’
k iH day [ cp Tewa k i-p O o to dawn k i-nci to be daylight be

‘ ’
.
, , g , ,
visible] Cp k i H day ; k iH -b H daytim e ; k iH -s a n oo n ;

. .
‘
,
‘ ‘
,
k iH -d e idl
‘
yesterday ; k y H-b iH-g oc tomorrow ; e t c , tei ‘
,
.
k iH every day k i e idl n cc-cim H- k u cct eih a d e i k iH é j-cg

‘ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
, , ,
.
g
he o w e d m e yes terday but payed me today t o u pd e i k iH day

'
‘
.
,
before yesterday .
k iH in k iH —b Q II-m to save
‘ ‘
.
g ,
-k iH in pou di -k i ei worm sp whi c h bores holes in wood

‘ ‘
, , . .
k i H -b cc
‘ ’
pun c t n e g ; k i H b o up c urs ; fut ; .
’ ’
,
. .
fut n e g ; k i H b e i t o walk o ff fly away Cp .

‘ ’
, , . .
p iH h o u t
‘
to fly away d ei I w al ked o fl flew .
,
away h cgn d ei I did n o t walk off d ai

. I walk .
o ff all the time d ei I shall w al k o ff b ei . .
walk off !
k iH -b Q II-d cc to be saved Cp k iH -l I m to save Him
‘ ‘
, ,
. . .
g g
k iH b Q H-d cc you are saved kt i b d d i -b 1I h o u d cc

‘ ’ ‘ ’
k
’
jH H QH a e , Q .
g ,
I am go in g to go to s e e the saved m an .
k iH -d H (in an I ) day dayt ime Cp k iH k i H S H dl the

‘ ‘ ‘
,
. . . .
, ,
day is hot .
-k iH -dei in o u d l-k i ei worm sp

g
‘ ‘
p ,
.
k iH -d e idl adv ye s terday [k iH day ; -dei-dl] k i e id l h e i m

‘ ‘ ‘ ’
, , ,
. .
she died yesterday k i e idl g n cc h ej m S he died yes terday .

‘ ’
,
morn in g .
k iH -b Q u-m (k iH -b Q Irm cg pun c t n e g ; k iH b Q Hnm cg c urs ; k iH

‘ ‘ ’ ‘ ‘
.
g , ,
b Q II d cc fut k iH -b Q iIm ccd cc fut n e g ) to save k i -b -d cc ‘

[ p
’ ’ ’
g ,
c . H Q II g g ,
.
, . .
g ,
to be saved ; -m c ausative] n -k iH b iIm

Q I s aved hi m ,
.
‘
g ,
(e g from drown in g ) h cgn n

. . I d id n o t save him . .
m iH n n -k iH a n m cc I am about to save him h cgn m iHn n ‘

.
,
k iH b Q IIm cc I am n o t savin g h im
’
ng
I shall save
’
,
.
h im k t c c h cgn .
n tomorrow
‘
I S ha ll n o t save
I
k iH -
‘
gu oc ’
,
no t to take out See t e ip .
‘
.
k iH -n (in an I ) phlegm [c p k iH -n to c ough]

‘ ‘
.
, ,
. .
3 3 3 3 333 3 3 3 1 VOCABULARY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 10
9
k iH -n
‘
u s ; k iHn d cc fut ;punc t . ne g ; k iHn m cg,
’
c r .
’ ’
,
fut n e g ; k iH n
. 1 to dig ; 2 to c ough [ c p hi H -n to dig ;
‘
,
. . .
.
,
ki H -n
‘
phlegm ; Tewa ,
x Q -r
j to dig ] C p g u ccdl -
k i H n to s n eeze ; ,
. .
’
,
k iH n - c
‘
m
g n to c at c h
’
c old ; k iH n -
h H b H to c ough ;
,
e t c 1
‘ ’
, . .
n -k iH n I dug a hole
‘
h ocn n ,
I did n o t d ig n .
bou-k iHnm cg I am diggin g n ‘

I shall dig h cgn
,
. .
n I shall n o t dig b H -k iH n you dig a hole ! hei t .

‘
,
b H —k iH n let us ‘
dig a hole ! ,
d c m
g n
-
n -k iHn I dug in the ‘
,
groun d cc dl n k iHn I dug up s o nie mo n ey

- ‘
h ’ ’
c cn .
g ,
.
2 n -k i Hn I c oughed -bou -k iHnm c I am c oughin g all the

n
‘
.
g ,
.
,
tim e .
k iHn -cgm n
'
to c atc h c old [ to c ough get]
’
,
ki e idl éi .
‘ ’
k iHn-ccm n
‘
yesterday I c aught c old
’
g ,
.
k iHn-h H b H (k iHn
‘ ’
pun c t n e g ; k iHn -h H b e ip c urs x k iHn
‘
.
‘ ’
,
‘
h H b e it cc fut k iH n fut ne g ) to c ough [k m m to

’ ’ ’
‘
.
,
.
,
c ough ; - h H b H as in s oc-Q rgm -h H b H to have a hemorrhage]

’ ’ ’
,
.
h ricn éj
’
I was n o t c oughin g éi I .
’
c oughed -bou I am c oughing all the time

éi
’
. .
é i
’
I sha ll c ough h cgn éi I S hall .
’
n o t c ough B ut H-k iH n c ough ! ; c an n o t form im p

’ ‘
,
. .
k iH -p H (in an III ) daylight daytim e [k iH day ; -p H light s hin e]

‘ ’ ‘ ’
, ,
.
, , , .
Cp k i H -tou e s itting roo m

‘ ’ ’
.
,
.
H -to u e (in an I ) sitting room [ daytim e roo m ] C t d e i-tou e

’
ki
‘ ’ ’
.
,
. .
,
sleepin g room .
k iH -s cc n oo n [k iH day ; app -s oc augmen tat ive] C p k iH s cc

‘ ‘ ‘
, , .
,
. .
aftern oo n k iH s cc h e i m she died at n oo n

.
’ ’
,
.
k iH s cc-p iH (in an III ) din n er [ n oo n food ]

‘
.
,
.
k iH s cc
‘
adv in mid-aftern oon [k iH s cc n oo n ; . beyo n d ]
,
‘
, .
k iH s oc-t cc h ei m she died in the mid dl e of the aftern oon

‘ ’ ’ ’
, .
k iH -t H-
’
n at da w
’
n [ k i H day ;
—t
H , white -
; n ] k iH
‘
,
’
.
‘
i Hn h eim sh e died at dawn

’
, .
k iH
‘ ’
k i Hm H to blossom k i H -g u ccdl ‘ ’
, .
‘ ’
tree sp n . it is blo s soming h e ig cc it .
is about to blossom n it blossomed . .
k iH pre po un d form of k y 11 -e S hield

‘ ‘ ’
,
.
g
-k iH -t y in p Ho u-k iH th ir ty ; k cct s e j—k l H n in ety ; e t c

‘ ‘ ’
Cp —t H
‘ ‘
, , , . .
,
-teen .
k iH-b iH m k cce (in an shi eld bag

‘ ‘
”
. .
K iH- e 1p (t pl s n o t obtain ed ) n am e of a Kiowa divisio n [ explain ed

‘ ’
. .
,
by Moo n ey p 4 1 1 as big shields -e i-p being therefore e v i , .

, ,
’
d e n t ly c o nn e c ted with e idl to be large ; but Mr James W al do ’

, .
denied this an d explained -ci-p as the postposition meaning right ’
up to
k i H-g u ccl H d cc (in an II ; k i H-guccdl tree sp [red
‘ ’ ’ “ ‘ ’
. .
blo ssoming tree] .

1 10 BURE AU O F AM E RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ 3 3 3 3 34
‘
-
k iH t H dl
‘
moth [ un explained] Said also
(an II ; k iH .
‘
-t ‘ H t -d cc
, .
to be prsn of Mr James W al do s sister . .

’
.
k ou verb pre po un d n o w [cp perhaps H-k ou hello ; H-hou

’
,
.
’ ‘
,
’
,
thanks] n -k ou . I am goin g to p e e k it n o w ‘
.
-k ou d cc be bo rn n o w ! k ou break it in two n o w !
H H -
’ ‘ ’ ’ “
im —
,
-k ou - you wou d better ome -k ou -b H you

H l §i
’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘
im H c n o w , c m .
,
woul d better go n o w H k ou I am going to go to .

’
— ’
sleep no w .
k ou pre p o un d form of k ou-n p body in k ou-pei—d cc to be

‘ ‘
, ,
’
,
paralyzed ; k ou lump o n body ; e t c ’

.
k ou in k ou-cit wide [cp possibly k a in k a -p e idl to be wide]

‘ ’ ’
, .
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘
, .
k ou-H t cc (in an II ; k ou
‘ ’ ’
lump o n body [ body .
“ ‘
lum p ] g .
k ou-bei to be too bad [ un exp lain ed] Cp k o ub e i-p e idl pH e g cc to

‘
, . .
‘ ’
,
get angry at n
-k o ub e i too bad ! .
‘
,
k ou-bei adv everywhere [k ou as in k ou-n everyw here ; -bei]

‘
, .
,
‘ ‘
,
[ p
c k ou -
.
n -e everywhere
‘
] tei k o u b e i b H -ki l we live
,
.
‘
,
all over .
k o ub e i-p e idlpH e g cc to get an gry at [k o ub e i to be too bad ;

‘ ’ ‘
, ,
p e idl pH e g cc t o thin k] Cp s og a d e i to be angry n

’ ’ ’
. .
, ,
.
k o ub e i-p e idl pH e g cc I got mad at hi m

‘ ’
.
,
k ou-ci-t wide [w k ou cp possibly k a in k a -p e idl t o be wide ;

‘ ’
, .
‘
.
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘
,
w ci-t cp ci-dl large]

.
’
poc -k ou -e it a wide river
.
’
, .
’ ‘ ’
, .
k ou n -e adv everywhere [k ou as in k ou-bei everyw here ;

‘
—
,
.
,
‘ ‘
-
n -e
,
tei k ou n e g u ccdl ts ei n -bou I s aw a ‘
man y-c olored horse (k oun e refers to various plac es ) ‘

.
k ou-n -p (an I ; k ou in
‘
body ; o n body -n -p n oun
.
‘
,
p o s t fix an d nc c k o u n p my body k O u n p -dei
g
‘
, .
‘
,
o n the body k o un pn -dou I had it right up n ext to my ‘ ’

,
.
body p o u dl k o un p H -t S 1I -H there is a bug o n my body ‘ ’ ’

.
j Q g
.
k ou-h H -e particle o wn [k ou as in k Q rI -h iH o wn ; -h H—e une x

‘
, ,
‘ ‘
g , ,
plain ed] Cp a g cc o wn .
Hm ts ei n -d cc that is your
.
’ ’
,
.
’
,
horse Hm k o uh H e ts ei n -d cc that is your o w n horse

.
’ ‘
,
.
k ou-p (k o u pd cc k o uy iH
‘ ‘
to pain hurt a che be sore Cp ,
‘
, , , , . .
k ou d pain ailmen t ; bou t-k oup to have c olic ; t H dl-k oup to

‘
, ,
‘
,
‘ ‘
,
have smallpox ; k oup to suff er ; e t c t a -d Q nn yH

‘
.
’
k oup I have the eara che n -k oup it hurts ccdl t ej m mic

‘
,
.
‘
,
.
’ ’ ’
k oup my head a ches t H —dei n é j—k oup my eyes ache m cgn

‘
,
.
’ ‘
,
.
é ik o up my fin gers ac he
’ ‘
.
,
p in t oge k oup firefly [ explain ed as meanin g something like

-k ou‘
— — ‘
,
k ou p-cgm n to get to pain ing y Hkoudou k oup

-
p Ht
’ ’
‘ ’
.
-
,
cgm n I am go in g to be sufferin g ,
.
k o u-p-bei referring to r unning in k o upb e iJ H e to run ; e t c

‘ ‘
.
, ,
1 12 B URE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (3 3 3 3 . 34
h ei m he died in the mid dl e of the night H

’
, in the .
’ ’
middle of the woods H es si in the smoke .

’
.
-k ou-f) cg-e-y oc po s t p from the middle of

‘ ’ ’
,H .
, .
’ ’
H-t a
’
I c ame from the middle of the woods
, .
k ou-p cct -d cc (in an II k ou—p ccdl d pl ; k ou-p ccdl in

’ ‘
body .
“ ‘ ’
,
.
‘ ‘
hair [body hair] o u e id e i k ou - p ccdl-s ccdl he is hairy o n his .

’ ‘ ‘
,
body .
K ou-t s ein-lZiH (an II ; K ou-t s ein-d cc t pl ; K ou-t sein in

‘
.
‘
,
.
’
N avaho m an = N H t o u- kiH [mud body m an] The N avaho .
used to have their bo dies all pain ted up henc e this n ickn ame ; ,
they n ever had mud o n their b Odie s ; it does no t refer to mud o n

their bodies but to pain t , .
k Q H dark bla c k ; as n oun ni ght [ Tewa x H to be dark n ight]

‘
Cp
‘
, , , ,
. .
,
k Q H-n
‘
dark blac k ; k Q H-d cc to be dark black ; k Q u-n dark
, ,
‘
, ,
“
,
n ess night ; k a p- k n y H shadow e t c t So u-k Q H n - l I

‘ ‘
, , ,
.
g ,
I s aw a dark or black sto n e = t So u-k Q Hn n -b Q II t So u-k Q u ,

‘
g
.
‘
n t —b II I s aw t l dark or bla c k sto n es t -k

n y n t -l ‘
Q p g , So u H g .
,
.
h H o ud e i k Q u how many nights (ago ) ? p Ho u k Q rI three

’ ‘ ‘ ’ ‘
, g ,
nig hts (ans ) = p Ho u k Q nn

‘ ’ ‘
, .
k nr-d cc to be dark be bla c k [ d cc to be] - cc-e -k —d cc

’ ‘
, n fi QH , , .
,
the moo n is dark app lit it is dark in the moo n h H o u d e i h e ig cc , . . .

’
-k Q H-d cc how many nights ago ? y iH n k Q Ir-d cc two nights

‘ ‘
—
, g
g ,
ago
k Q II-dei gran dfather see k Q rI-n
‘ ‘
g , , g
.
K Q rr- e idl a prsn of Mr Delos L o n ewolf [great dark]

‘
g
’
,
Mr L o n e
. . . .
wolf s other Indi an n ame is B im -h a

’
He C ap t ure d Them ’ ‘ ’ A
-k Q H-e in se i-k Q rI -e large in t e stin e [ app dark gut ; n oti c e that the
' ’
.
g ,
e n ding is dropped in se i-k Q n d pl ] ‘

,
.
k Q II-h iH parti cle o wn [ k Q i r as in k ou-h H -e o wn ; -b iH real] Cp

‘ ‘ ‘
. .
g , , g , ,
- oc o wn
jH my o w n c hild
’ ’
n cc iH k t
’ ‘
a g , .
g ,
.
s also p ) gran dfather (patern al

k Q u-n
‘
-dei an I k - o u-
(
‘
k
‘
Qu ; ; Q u gy . .
,
or matern al ) ; man s gran dson n a k Q rI n my gran dfather ’

.
‘
g ,
.
k Q H—n
‘
( Qu g
k - a -t t pl ; k Q H in
‘
dark black as n oun ’
,
.
‘
,
(in an III ) darkn ess ni ght blackn ess black pain t [k Q rl dark ;
.
, , , , g ,
-
n ] C p k Q II dark . n ight ; g iH n i ght . t H dl
‘
-
k n y H g , , ,
.
‘
-b II I s aw a bla c k S kun k t dl -k t d é i-b II I s aw t l ‘ ’

n Q g ,
H n a Q p .
g ,
.
blac k skunks t o u kcct —H a blac k oak p H g cc k Q Hn.

’
.
’ ‘
,
o n e n ight ; p Ho u k n y H three n ights t -

b Q II I s aw
’ ‘
k Q nn
‘ ‘
n ,
.
g ,
the blac k pain t .
k Q nn —d cc to be dark bla ck t s eig cc ci-k Q Hn - d cc the horses

‘ ’ ‘
, , .
,
are blac k .
k Q nn -Q n very bla c k
’ ’
, .
-’ - -’
~ fi e
K ne w Rus in
‘
oo i ( 11 ; t pl
‘
K oun an . e . K oun ou
N egro [ very blac k m an] .
k Q u-kocdl (in an I ) , tar , = k Q u-kccdl se i [ bla ck gum]

‘ ‘
. .
3 4 3 3 3 4 33 3 3 1 V O C AB U LARY or KI O WA LA NGUA GE 1 13
i a III tar Q H kccdl [ bla c k gum ]

-kccdlse i - =
( ) k
“ ‘
k QH n n .
, , .
-k Q H-
‘
m in t He
’
fir efly [ un explain ed] .
‘
- -
k Q Hm p a g oc ( in a n II ;
’
k m
QH p
- oc d l
p ; k m
QH pa
- in .
“ ‘
, .
‘ ’
win dshi eld of smokehole ; c him n ey [ un explain ed ; -ga] Cp . .
k Q Hm p a n
‘
smokehole ; e t c ’
,
.
k Q Hm p a - (in an III ) pla c e of the win dshi eld smokehole

’ ’
n .
, ,
.
k Q Hm p a - b iHn (in an large windshield k Q Hm p a -b iHn

‘ ’ ‘ ’
. .
n t b Q H I saw t pl W in dshields ,
. .
K Q Hm p a -b iHn-kiH (an I K Q Hm p a -b iH-d cc t pl

‘
Kiowa m an .
,
’ ’
,
.
,
= KOC6 -K IH ; cp Moo n ey p 4 12 [large win dshi eld m an] .

,
. .
k Q Hm p a -tou (in an I ) house having a chim n ey (in c o ntradistinc tion .

,
to a tipi ) [chi mn ey house] .
‘
k Q Hm III ) Old c anvas rags [k Q H-m un exp lain ed ; app , ,
‘
.
-sei n oun formative

, ] .
k Q Hm se i-a p iH (an II ; k Q Hm se i-a i -d cc fish sp [ old c an vas

‘ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
,
. .
fish] D e scrIb e d as spotted ; c all ed trout by o n e informan t

. .
-
k Q Hm t o u d ccm n
‘
- happy hu t g groun ds k Q Hrn t o u-n [sp iri t
n in g
=
, ,
‘
c oun try] .
k Q Hm t o u-n i( n an III ) happy hun ting gro un ds = k Q Hm t o u

'
‘ ‘
.
, ,
d cgm n [ spiri t plac e] .
k Q Hm t o u-RIH (an I ; k Q Hm t o u-g oc t pl ; k Q Hm t o u in

‘
. spirit ‘
,
.
‘
m an ghost [ k Q H- m -tou un explain ed cp possibly k ccp—k Q Hn

‘ '
, ,
.
,
shadow ; -kiH] .
k Q Hm t o u-m H (an I ; k Q Hm t o u-g oc

‘
sp iri t wo m an .
‘
, .
k cH- t cc to spen d night o n road [ k Q H ni ght ; t cc to be aroun d]

i ’ ‘ ’
, , ,
.
-t cc I am goin g to sleep two n ights o n the road

yH QH
H dl iH -k ‘ ’
p y , .
k Q H-t H dl bu c keye [ bla c k pierc e] The seeds were pierc ed an d

‘ '
, .
strun g as n e cklac e ; hen c e the n ame .
k Q H-t H dliH (an I ; k Q H-t H dl o u-p k Q H-t H dly u- n ame

’ '
‘ ’ ‘ “ ’ ‘ ‘ ’
e .
, ,
of a Kiowa di vision [ blac k boy] .
k Q H-
‘
y iH n i ght passes ,c omes -
y iH un explain ed] p H dl y iH , ,
.
y H Q Hy jH
-k I was
‘
two n ights o n the road , p H dl y iH n t -k
Q Hy iH .
‘
,
we were two nights o n the road s a d e id cc h e ig cc H n-k Q Hy iH he .

’ ’ “
,
worked all day lit he worked and it got dark o n him , . .
k u cc-t
‘
p un c t ne g ; k u cct d cc c urs ; k u ccdl d cc fut ; .
‘
, .
‘ ’
,
.
fut ne g ; k u ccdl to pull out pull off ; w re fl.

’
, , . .
to go out [ Te w cc xw a to drag] Cp t eim to p ull [cp k u-e to ‘

,
. .
, .
‘
drag p ull] , n -k u cct I pull ed it out

. h cgn n
’
, .
I did no t pull it out n -bou—k u cct d cc I am pulling it out co n .

’
,
t inu ally n I shall pull it out h cgn n

. .
I shall n o t pull it out H-k u ccdl p ull it out ! n -k u cct g oc .

’ ‘
,
‘
n t ei I pulled it out an d then I put it back in again s cct

— oce - s ’
, .
ta n e i e im - tsou é im -k u cct he c ame here a while ago but he

’ ’ ‘
,
wen t out this w ay .
-k u cc-t in ei-kiH -k u cct there is a fire (over there ) (with S b j series )

‘ ’ ‘
, . .
1 14 BU E R AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNO L O GY [3 3 3 3 34
K u a t -EiH (an I ; K ucct—d cc

‘
an exti n c t Kiowa divisio n ;
. cp
‘
,
'
Moon ey p 4 1 3 [ puller] ,
. .
k u-e
’
to dr ag p ull in k ue-b cc k ue-h H b cc k ue h y -cc to drag ; , ,
‘
,
‘ ’
,
‘ ’
,
k ue-Z Q Hn to p ul l out e t c
‘
, .
k ue-b oc to drag [b cc to bring]

‘
n -k u e b cc I am dragging it
,
.
‘
, .
k ue-h H b oc to drag
’
to l ift c arry]
, d é i-k ue ,
.
‘
I am goin g to drag it .
’
k u e h y —cc
’
pun c t n e g ; k ue h y t d cc c urs ; k ue .
‘
, .
‘
h yi cc fut ; ’
, fut n e g ; k u e h y iH. to .
‘
,
drag [h cc to brin g] n
’
, I dragged it h ogn . .
n I did n o t d rag it mi n n n -k u e h t
y d cc I am .
’
,
about to drag it n I shall d rag it h cgn n . .
k ue h y n u cc I sh all n o t drag it ! H—k u e h y iH you drag it ! poue

‘ ’ ’ ‘
, ,
H ’
don t drag it ! hei t n cc b H-k u e h y iH let us dr ag it ! ’
g
‘
,
heit poue n a b H let us n o t drag it d ei I .
c rawl (as s n ake doe s ) ; c t t S Q H -b H to c rawl o n all fours

,
. .
k u e -k cg n to drag [k cg n to bring] OCdl t ej m Eit -k ue -k cg n

‘ ’ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘ ’
, ,
.
dei Poc plem head draggin g creek ’

,
.
,
“
.
k u e -p H (in an III ) harn es s wago n [ drag tied ] Cp ka d l wheel

‘ ‘ ’
. . .
, , , ,
wago n ; Ea t H dl wago n harn ess ; ts ei ’

horse
harn ess .
-k ue-t S n p ul ler in bou t -k ue t S n fish spear

‘ ‘
QH QH
, , ,
.
k ue—Z Q Hn to pull out [Z Q Hn to take out]

‘
, yH n I ,
.
am going to pull it out .
k y H to stret c h tr n k y H I stret ched it (e g a rubber )

-
‘ ’
, ,
. . . .
k y H -dl in k d l-d cc to be w e t ; k d l -h ccn to get wet through ;

‘ ‘ ’
,
t o u dl-k d l-H d cc sagebush ; t ou t -k d l spittle Cp -k y H -dl —ci

‘ ’ ‘ ‘ ’
,
. .
,
in k ccdls e jm a tadpole ; k a di ci ’
frog sp
’ ‘ ’
.
k d l -d cc to be w e t [ d cc to be] Cp t H-d H -d cc to be w e t
‘ ‘ ’ ’
,
. . .
, ,
-k l-d cc it is w e t
d
’
n ,
.
k d l -h cgn to get w e t through [k y H -dl wet ; -h c -n to be fin ished be

' ‘
, g , ,
satisfied] H—k d l-h cgn I g e t wet through (in the rain )

.
’ ’
,
.
-k y H -e in o ub H -k y H e to swallow ; k y H e -g u ccn to j ump

‘ ’ ‘ ‘
,
.
,
k y H e -g u ccn (an II ; k y H e -c g-d cc

‘
deer ; the n ame t is al s o
.
“
,
applied to this sp of deer an d also to the an telope [j urn p e r] . .
k y H e -g u ccn to j ump [gu ccn to throw o n eself da n c e] d é i-k y H e

‘ ‘
,
.
,
g u ccn I j umped d
,
ei-k H e - u ccn d oc I am goin g to j ump
y g h cgn.
’
,
.
d ei-k y H e -gu ccn cc I did n o t j ump b ei-k y H e -g u ccn j ump !

‘ ’ ‘
,
-
.
,
k y H e h y -o u d l (an II k y H e h y -o u t -d cc
‘
mouse or rat sp [said .
‘
,
.
to mean j umper : k y H e as in k y H e -gu ccn to j um p ; -hou-dl int e n ‘ ‘

, ,
sive] Cp k y H e -gu ccn deer lit j umper

. .
‘
, ,
. .
-k y H -t -d oc in m cc- k yt cc septu m of n ose

‘ ’ ‘
.
g ,
-k y H -dl -ci in k ccd ls e im a

‘ ’
tadpole ; k a d le i ’ ’ ‘ ’
frog sp Cp k d l w e t . .
‘
.
-k y H in tou- k y H-b i H-d cc to be homesi c k

‘ ‘ ’
.
,
1 16 BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
m cg e in b Q Hn m cge, to in d ic ate [ c p possibly m cg -
- - - - d cc, han d ]
’
. .
m cg— iH k y H e , to have c ramp s [m cg iH- u n explain ed ; ky n e , app

- -
’ ’ ’ ’
— .
as in ky H e d cc, to fight]
- ’
H I have .
c ramps (in my leg ) .
- - ’
m cg k He (m cg k Hed e id cc , to stir [m cg han d ; w k H-e cp perhaps . .
k u cc n , to m ix ]
-
n t m cggHed e id cc , I am going to s tir it
-
’ ’
.
(the mush ) .
m eg-n particle of unc ertain ty perhaps maybe l ike [cp m cg lik e]

’
, , , , .
, .
k o u pb e i-t a -H g oc m cgn t So u e in he was runn ing an d

‘ ’ ’ ’
,
maybe he fell down t So u e in m cgn k o u pb e it a -H—dou p -dou he .

’ ‘ ’ ’
,
fell down maybe bec ause he was run nin g m cgn h e ig cc h e i h e ig cc .
-d oc m aybe he h as go n e m h H i H-t a I gues s they are

’ ’ ’
n , cgn g .
,
staying somewhere m cgn h ei n -d cc h e ig cc maybe he is go n e .

,
no w .
m c —n
g form
pre p o un of m a
—d cc han d d
’
,
.
m cg-n verb prefix with the han d s e e m cc , ,
m cgn- ogn cc
’
fut ) to play arrow thro wing game [m cgn .
un expl ain ed possibly m cgn han d ; -cgn un explain ed ; cc to ’ ’

, ,
play] .
m cgn-ccn— a -n (in an III ) arrow throwin g game a game played

’
g
’ ’
.
, ,
by throwin g four arrows with the han d : H e w h o throws the arrow

c losest win s o n e poin t F our c oun ter-stic ks (t o u dl ) are used [ cp . .
m cgn- cgn-cc to play the game]

’ ’
,
.
m cgn -H H t -d cc (in an II ; m cgn

’ ’
lump or exc resc en c e o n
.
“
han d [han d lum p ] .
m cgn -goup to h it with the han d [ to han d hit]

,
m a n-dou H-gu oc .
’
,
hit h im with your h an d ! H-m ccn-gu oc ’

g
.
m ocu —k oc e-g oc (in an II ; m cgn-k oc e-dei

’
wri st [m cgn hand ;
.
“ ’
,
-k oc e-dei app pte of a verb k oc-e

’ * ’
, . .
m cgn-k cgm index fin ger [poin ter fin ger]

,
.
m ccn -k ocm ( g
m c n —k c m d cc
g to poin t [m cgn han d] Cp ’
,
. .
m cgn-k cgm —dou to po in t ; m cgn-k cgm in dex finger ’

, n t -m cgn ,
.
k cgm d cc I am goin g to poin t

’
.
,
m cgn-k ccm -dou to poin t [ app ’

t -m c n-k m -dou ’
g , n g cg .
,
I poin t (with han d ) n t -m ogns cc-k cgm -dou I poin t with thum b .
’
, .
t -bei dl —m c n-k ccm -dou I po in t with l ips ’

n g ,
.
m cgn-k oc-iH (also rec orded as m cgn-k oc—y -iH in an I ) cyclo n e [ cp

‘ ’ ‘
,
.
,
.
m a -t ou -i (H ) -n
’ ‘
whirlwin d] m cgnk ccy iH d a- H a cy clon e ,
.
’ ’
is c omin g our w ay .
m cgn—k cgn-h a n to take a han dful [m cgn han d ; -k og-n referring

‘ ’
,
‘
to e n d fulln es s ; h a n to get take] o u d e it t -m c n ’ ’

, n g , ,
.
k ogn -h a n
’
I have taken a han dful
’
, .
m cgn-p o u dl-t cct g cc (m cgn-p o u dl ‘

to sn ap fin gers [m cgn
han d ; -pou-dl unexplain ed hardly related to p Q H-e to so un d ; , ,
t cct g cc to shoot] d é i-m cgn—pou di -t cct g cc I s n apped my fin

‘ ‘
.
, ,
3 3 3 3 3 43 3 3 3 1 VOCABULARY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 1 17
gers d ei-m cgn-p o u dl

. shall sn ap my fingers pou e I .
b ei-m cgn-poudi don t sn ap your fingers ! ’
m Hn p - -
oc h o
‘
u d l (a n II ; m H p
n - oc-hout given as a n ame of
.
‘
the moun tain lio n equivalen t to H -k He but the meanin g wo ul d ’ ’ ’

,
suggest that perhaps the Old world lie n is in ten ded [upper or fore
part of body very hairy : m H-n up ; p a fur body-hair ; ‘ ’
,
- houd1 intensive] ,
.
m cgn-p cct -d cc (in an II ; m cgn-p a dl

‘
hair of han d.
“ ‘
, .
dl -d Q H m un der the hair of (my ) han d

i ’
m cgn p cc ,
.
m cgn-soc (an II ; m cgn-sa -g oc . thumb lit big-fing e r [m cgn ’

, ,
.
han d fin ger ; -S cc big as in ou-soc c rop (of bird lit big-throat

, , ,
’
, , .
,
m cgn-s oc -b Q H I saw the thumb , .
m cgn s cc-t ein e i (an II ; m cgns cc-t e in o u-p . hummin g bird [ thumb ,
bird so c alled bec ause it is the size of on e s thumb]

,
’
.
m cgn-s ei p-g oc (m cgn-se ipg cc pun c t ne g ; m cgn-se ipgo up c ur s ; m cgn ’

,
.
, .
s e ipd e id cc fut ; m cgn ’

,
fut ne g ; m cgn-s e ipd e i
. to .
,
rub stroke [m cgn han d ; whether -se ipg cc c an be used ind e p e nd

,
-m c n-se i
en tly was no t as c ertain ed] n g pg cc I stroked or .
,
rubbed him (with my han d ) cgnso u-dou n -m cgn-se ipg cc I .

’
,
rubbed him with my foot h ogu n -m cgn—se ipg cc I did n o t rub .

’
,
him n -m cgn-s e ipgo up I am rubbing him n —m ccn-se ipd e id cc

.
,
.
g
’
I shall rub him h cgn n -m cgn -se ip g a d cc I shall no t rub him

’ ’
. .
H-m cgn-se ipd e i rub him ! b H-m cgn—se ipd e i let us rub him !
’ ’
, ,
m cgn-so u-dei (app in an I ) fin gerin g ; also s o u-dei ; [m cgn han d ; sou

. .
,
as in sou to in s ert ; -dei] Cp m cgn-sou-dou brac elet . .

’
, .
d i -so ndei—d cc I have a ring o n my fin ger

( g )
m c n so u e Hi , .
m cgn-so u-dou (in an II ; m cgn-so u-dei ’

bra celet [m cgn han d
.
, ,
arm ; -sou as in m cgn-sou-dei with which the presen t word is ,
p erhaps identic al ;
m cgn-t a -n (in an III ) p al m of hand -t a -n flat]
'
’
.
,
’
,
.
m cgn tou-gu cc (an II ; m cgn-tou—gu cc-d cc t pl salaman der sp whic h

’
.
’
, . .
lives in moist plac es o n the prairie [ app m cgn han d ; -t o u ex .
plained as equivalent to f o u-e spotted (the sp is spotted ) ; gu oc , .

’
,
app c o nn ec ted with ku cc-t pain ted]

.
, .
m cgn-t ei m (in an II ; m cgn-t Q H

‘ ’
elbow elbow-bon e funny-bon e
.
‘
, , ,
[ arm bo n e] .
m cgn-t S Q H (an II ; m cgn-t S Q H-g oc . fin gern ail claw of han d -t SQ H , ,
as in cgn-ISQ H toen ail claw of foot]

’
, m cgn-t SQ H-dou h H b a ,
.
’
,
he c arried it off in his claws .
m cgn t S Q HJ H p e ip (in an ’
a sp of bush [ claw Wood bush]
‘
. . .
m an t SQ H-t ei to grab hold of [ to claw c at c h]

’
, .
m cgn t So u-t H b e i (an II ; m cgn t So u-t H b o u-p

i ’
hawk sp [c arrier-o ff
.
‘ ’
,
.
with claws : c arrier-off harden ed form c onn ec ted with ,
h H b cc to c arry off]
’
, Cp g Q Hm c hipmunk . . .
1 18 B U RE AU O F AM E RI C AN ET HNOLO GY
m cg s cl , six ;
- ’
so also in an old Kiowa c oun t obtain ed [ app m cc hand ; .
g
-s oc equiv al en t to Tewa s i six

]
’ ’
m cgs a k y Hh y o up six m e n
’
, .
, .
m cgs cc S H e six years

’
.
, ,
m cgs a -k I H sixty
’ ’
.
m cgs a -t s1x by six

’
.
,
m cgs a -dei m cgscct -dei the sixth

’
.
, ,
m cgs a -dou in six pla c es

’
.
,
m cgs a -t H sixteen
’ ‘
.
,
m cg-t a -dei (m cg to turn over tr [m cg han d ; -t a -dei

’ ’
.
,
un explain ed ] -m c t a d e i I turn ed it e g a sto n e over

(
’
n g .
) , . . .
n I am going to turn it over .
m eg-t S He-m cg (in an II ; m eg-t S He d pl ; m eg-t S He in sheet of “

,
. .
paper paper [wrapping z fr m cgt S He to wrap ; -m cg] Cp m cgt S He

,
.
, . .
t H b cc c igarette
‘ ’
.
,
m eg-t S H-e (m og-f S Hed cc to wrap [m cg han d ; -t S H unexplain ed ; ’

,
-ci c ausative]
,
Cp m eg-t SHe sheet of paper . d ei-m cgt S He I .
, .
,
wrapped it up .
m cgt S He- t H- b oc (app in an II ; m cct S He-t H -b H c igarette [paper

*
‘ ’ “ ’
.
,
.
g
c igar] Cp t a k cce whi te m an cigar ’ ‘

; . .
m a parti cle or adv like [ c p m eg-n perhap s] Cp -tsou like

’
,
. . . .
, , , .
m a H-h o u dl-d cc I feel si c kish like sick m cg p einh H —d cc it is

’ ’ ’ ’
g , , .
,
sweetish m a é i-p einh H -d cc they (1 are sweet {S ou m cg

.
’ ’ ’
,
. .
’
u dl -d oc the sto n e looks l ike red reddish m a t H dl (d oc) j u s t

’
g cc , , .
g ,
like a skun k m cc t s eih iH d oc he is like a dog = t s e jh iH- tsou d oc ’

, ,
. .
g
m a Ta e ikiH H-d cc I look lik e a C hin aman m cc S YHI I H—d cc

’ ’ ’ ’
, .
g ,
I am just like a c hild .
m a verb prefix with the hand see m cg

’
, ,
m cg p re p o un d fo rm referrin g to n ose in M Qc - sei p-kiH C addo m an ;

’ ’
, ,
mH
’
lump o n the n ose ; e t c Cp m a-Ea n n ose ; p Q H . .
’ ’
,
'
n ose m a-b H -t S H t -cc at the e n d of the n ose at t h e poin t

_
’
, ,
. .
m a -H t cc (in an II ; m a lum p o n n ose [n ose l ump ]

’ ’ ’ “ ’
. .
g g
m a -d cc (in an II ; m cgn d pl ; m cg-n han d arm [ Tewa

’
In , ,
.
,
-r han d arm m d
mH Q H I saw the hand
d -b ccn t cc
]
’ ’ ’
j , a oc e I , .
,
.
g
m cgn é i—d cc I have five fin gers m cg d cc mic-goup he hi t my arm

’
,
.
’
, ,
he hi t me o n the arm n -m cgn —goup I hi t him with my han d .

,
( or arm ) m cg éi
n —k
n y H e my fingers are stu ck (e g in a c ra c k )
.
’
,
. . .
m cgn-t o u pt H e o n top of the han d ‘

,
.
m a —d cc referrin g to widower widow in m a d oc-kiH widower ; m a d oc

’ ’ ’
, , ,
m H widow [un explain ed ]

, .
m cg d cc-liiH (an I ; m a d oc-g cc wi dower

’ ’
,
. .
m a d oc-m H (an I ; m Hd cc-g oc

’
widow .
’
, .
m a -gu oc (m a-gu ccgu cc pun c t n e g ; m cg - u s - u ccd cc ’

d
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
g g u cc cc c r m Hg ,
.
,
.
,
fut ; m cg . fut n e g ; m a -gu oc

’
to let loose [m a .
’
,
’
han d ; -gu oc un explain ed] n -m

a g u cc I let him loose
,
.
’
,
.
h cgn n I did no t let him loose m iHn n -m ccg u ccd cc .

g
’
,
about to c over him h cgn n I shall n o t c over h im .
H c over h im !
’
m a- pH d l (in an III ) rubbish pil e [ un explained ] h H o ude i

’ ’
,
. .
m a -pH dl n t -b Q H I s aw several rubb ish piles

’
.
,
m a -p cct -d cc (in an II ; m a - p ccdl n ostril hair [ n ose hair]

’ ‘ “ ’ ‘
.
, .
g
-
m cc cc (
‘
s
’
a n II ; m cg s a -
g oc raven [ un explain ed] m a s a t He
.
’ ’
, .
’ ’
,
white raven ; s a k ah cc c row m cg s a g cc d ei-b Q H n cc n - k cgn ,

.
’ ’
g ,
I s aw raven s an d lots of them m cgs a m a s ccg cc six ravens .

’ ’
g
’
, .
m a s oc-t He (an II ; m a s cc-t He-m cg

’
white raven .
g
’
,
.
M Hse ip-kiH (an II ; M eg-sei p-g oc

’
C addo m an [pier c ed n ose .
,
m an : m a n ose ; sei -p related to sei-b cc to stab pierc e ; -kiH ]

’
, , .
C p Moo n ey p 4 1 4.
,
. .
g
M cc so u -d cc-e p rsn of A dam Smoky said to mean to pass eac h

g
’
,
.
,
other [ un explain ed] .
m a -t cc-h cc to be hook-n osed [m a n ose ; t cc-h oc as in kou p -t cch a

’ ’ ’
, ,
s ocdl moun tain ran ge] Cp m a t cch cc-kiH hook-n osed m an

’
,
. .
,
’
H m é im m a t cch cc you
’
are hook -n osed
— ’
,
.
m a t cch cc-RIH (an I ; m a t cch cc g cc hook-nosed m an [m cc-t cch cc

'
’ ’ ’
u
, ,
.
g g
to be hook-n os ed ] .
m a -t cc-k u cc (an II ; m a -t cc-k u cc- woodpec ker sp said to

' '
’ ’ ’
g g oc .
,
.
,
be an other n ame for ccdl-gu ccdl [ app hook -n osed pec ker : m a -t cc
'
’ ’
.
po s sibly as in m a -t cch cc to be hook-n osed ; -ku cc hitter] ’

,
’
, .
m a -t H d l (in an III ) n ostril [n ose hole]

’ ‘
,
. .
m a -t ei m (in an II ; m cgn -t Q H n ose bo n e

’ ’ ’ ‘
.
,
.
m a -t ou
’
-‘
n whi r lwi n d [ p
c m cgn -k oc-iH c y c lo n e ;
-
n ] ,
.
‘ ’
, .
ouei g Q Hm —k iH b cc a whirlwind wen t o n ’ ‘

,
away from over yo n der .
m a -t Q H watery mu c us [ n ose wate r]

’ ‘
, .
m e -t ou-ts ou -h i s (an 11 ; m e -t ou-ts oli -h y o u- l -fl

f ou
’ ‘ ’ ’ '
p t r ; re e .
. , .
t S Q H-h i cg in c oyote [ explain ed as sharp n ose ; app n ose

’
.
bo n e awl : m cg n ose ; t Q H bo n e ; t S Q H-b i H awl] Cp hou ’ ‘ ’

, . .
’
k Q H m kue -s y Hn c oyote
’ ’
, , .
m cc -t s H t (an II ; m cg -t S H t -d cc t pl ; m a-t S H t in
g
’
. poin t [m a ’
,
.
’ ’
n ose ; -t s H -t poin t as in m H-b H -t S H t-cc at e nd of n ose ] Cp ’ ’

,
.
, ,
.
z e ip - m a t sn t poin t of breast nipple ; e t c

’
,
li a -m at S H t , .
’
n -b
QH I s a w the poi n t of the
, k n ife n -m cc t S H t -s e i b cc I .
g
’
,
stabbed him with the poin t of the knife = m cc t S H t -dou n -s e ib cc , g

’
.
kou p—m q t S H t -cc at the peak of the moun tain ; c p kou p-t H e o n
’ ’ ‘
, ,
.
top of the m oun tain p iH -m cct S H t -cc H I am go ing to .

‘
g
’ ’ ’
go up to the top of the hill p iH -y oc H I am going to go .

‘ ’ ’
up o n the hill .
m H adv up above [ Tewa m H .

,
-k é w d up above] Al so used as
, , ,
.
p o s t p C p m H m H . verb prefix up ; m He
.
- adv up ; m Hm- ’
, ,
.
, ,
adv up ; m H-n adv up ; e t c

.
, m H fI -b HIl m ri I am going , .
, .
,
to go up m Hn H—a m H I am goin g to go upstream ,

’
,
.
3343 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 ] VOCABULA RY or KI OWA LAN GUAGE 12 1
mH mH verb prefix up in m H ’
to c arry o n the bac k ; m H dou , ,
’
-h cc’
,
’
- ’
,
to c arry o n the bac k [ cp m H adv up ] .

, .
,
.
m H assertive verb prefix i deed H -h o u dlg cc did n t ’ ’ ’ ’

n H m ,
.
,
you kill him B ut H ? m H- m H - h o u d l g cc did n t you ki ll him (s aid ’ ’ ’

,
’
when I am c ertain that you killed h im ) ?

-m
H( an II ;
-m H : e
-m . cg
-m H -
g c c t p l in tribe n ames adj e c tive forms ,
’
.
,
an d age tivesn — m Hy iH c an be subst ituted in S d an d m Hy o u p in .
l
tp ; i n . a n i mal n ames in di c ati n g the female - m Hy iH -m Hy o up , ,
c ann o t be s ubstituted -
; m H in woman female This is ’
,
.
the feminin e p o st po un d c orrespo n ding to -kiH m an male Cp , ,

. .
m Hy iH woma n ,
c e -mH K iowa wo m an ; Ka e m Hem cg
.
—
,
t pl . h
t s e i iH H - m t s erh I H -m m
He g p c t l -
ts e i H m mare ; t se
,
-m Hg cc ,
.
,
I
’
,
tp l pei .
—m H dead woma n ; pei - m H em cg t pl g u ccn m H da nc e ,
.
—
woman (fem inin e c orrespo n den t to gu ccn-kiH danc er dan c e-m an ) , , ,
- -
= u ocn-
g m e y i s ; a w n m e m os t p l =
g u c n
c m e y o up ,
.
,
—m
H p o s
,
t p up above over .A l
,
s o used as ,
adv pa -m
H ,
. .
’
H-a m m I am go in g to go w ay up river p Hn -m H t cc he is in
’ ‘ ’
.
,
heaven lit above the sky o n top of the clouds = p Hn-m He t cc

,
.
, ,
‘ ’
.
m H-H-dei the upper part of the body from waist up ; als o said of
’
,
the fore part of the body of horizo n tal-bodied animals [m H up ; .

,
- explai ed -dei ] C i -dei - the part f the body

'
’
H u n n ; p p H p o . .
,
from waist down .
m H-e adv up above [m H adv up ; -ci]

,
.
, ,
Al so used as p o s t p ,
.
,
. .
-m H-e p o s t p ,
up above Also used as adv .
, ,p H n -m
He t cc . .
‘ ’
,
he is in heaven lit above the sky = p Hn-m H t a , .

,
‘ ’
.
m He-dei up in m Hed e i-liiH J cc to play the sinew game [m H-e up ;

, , , ,
-dei] Cp m He-g oc up
. .
, .
m Hed e i-kiH (in an III ) plaited sin ew used in game [ th ing thrown
“
.
,
up] .
m Hed e i-RiH -a to play a game in whic h a braid of sin ew eight inc hes
’
,
long is shot at with a bow [ cc to play] ’

, .
m ac-g oc ad v U p high [m s -e up ; s oc] m os m s eg oc h fi b H -e i

’ ’
.
. , , ,
h ei m he died
’
in the
,
mid -foren oo n m
( Heg cc h H b H —
e i explain ed as
’ ’
meanin g when high ; see h H b H ) ’

.
m s e h i s ad v very high Ph il s real ] Hm k a n m s eh i s

’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
, . ,
.
,
yo ur n am e is hi ghest real high , .
m H-m adv up above [m H up ; -m ]

, .
, Al so used as p ost p
, , . .
-m H- m p o s t p up above , Also used as adv .

, k u cct o ub cc t Q H
, . .
‘
m m (or t cH-t H e ) é i—p iH h o u t -h o q H m the t pl birds are flyin g

‘ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
, .
above the water (t ou m Hm mean s o nl y above the water ; t Q H-t H e — ‘ ‘
mean s either above or o n the s urfa c e of the water ) p Hn-m Hm in .

‘
,
heaven above the sky or clouds = p Hn-m H , ,

‘
.
m Hm -dei up upper roof , m Hm -dei b e it d cc upper lip

, , m Hm .
,
.
dei roof tou—t H e -dei

=
, ,
’
.
1 22 BURE AU o r AM E RI C A N ET HNOLOGY
m Hm -g oc, adv up high m Hm -g oc n t I am going to
.
, ,
.
s wing high cc your n ame is highest

‘
Hm k cc n
’ ’
mn .
g , .
m H-n (m H-n in adv up above [m H adv up ; -n] Also .

, , , .
, .
used as p o s t p m Hn H-a m H I am go ing to go up m Hn.

’
, .
p a h o u dl (Old W orld ? ) lion lit above hair y

“ ’
,
. .
,
-m -n
H p o s t p up,
above A lso used as adv .
, 6 -
1 e 1
3 ,
. .
8
H-a m H I am goin g to go up river

’
.
m Hn Hn H (in an ban an a [fr E ng ]

’
. . .
m Hn-tsou up m Hn-tsou t Q H-d cc his legs are in the air (said

’
,
.
,
}
of a m an stan ding o n his head ) .
-m H-dei-tsou up -m —dei- tsou H -t I c ame from up ’ ’

p a H a ,
.
,
river f .
i
m H—dou to c arry o n ba ck [ app m H up ; dou to have] Cp

,
.
’
, . .
m H-h oc to c arry o n ba c k -dou I am c arrying

n
* ’ ’ ’ ’
,
m H .
—
,
it o n my ba ck .
m H-g oc
’
punc t ne g ; m Hgo up c urs ; m Hd cc fut ; .
’
, .
’ ’
,
.
fut n e g ; m Hd e i
‘
. to give han d [ Tewa m H-g i to give] ’

, , ,
.
Cp m H-h oc to give ; cg to give -m

Hg cc I gave it
* ’ ’ ’ ’
.
n , ,
.
,
.
b egn n I did n o t give it m iHn n -m Hgo up I am about .

’
,
to give it n I sh all give it . H-m Hd e i give it ! .

’ ’
,
heit b H-m Hd e i let us give it ! ’

,
*
m H-h cc (m H-hi H
’
to give [m H as in m H—g oc to give ; app
’ ’ ’
,
’ ’
, .
h cc to bring c arry] tei k iH p n y H é i b a dei k iH d a

’ ‘ ’ ’ ‘
—
,
.
,
m Hhi H give us today our daily bread !

’ ’
,
*
m H-h cc (m H-b i
’
oc
’
to c arry o n ba ck [ app m H up ; h cc to
’ ’
, .
,
’
,
bring ,
m H- t ogn (an I ; m H-t cc-d cc

’ ‘
little girl [m H as in m H-y iH
.
’ ‘
g
’
,
’
,
woman ; -t ogn d im ] ‘
,
.
m H-y iH (an I ; m H- y
-ou—
p t p l woma n [ app
. for m He
-- bi H; m He-
,
. .
as in -m H-e-m cc t pl wo m en ; -b iH real ; cp kt i H -K1H m an] g , .

, .
’
, , .
Cp -m H woman female
.
, ,
.
m iH -n adv soo n about to ; maybe [ cp m i(H) al most q ui te]

,
.
, A pp ,
.
, , . .
used with ours positive an d fut positive onl y m iHn n . . .
b cgnm cg I was thin king about brin gin g it

, m iHn H-p iH-a m H .
’
I am about to go to eat m iHn h e ig cc n -d ei-t So u pd cc I am .

’
,
about to put him to sleep m iHn H-kiH -d e id e ip maybe I am go .

’
,
ing to get married .
m i(H) ad v al most n early pretty q ui te [ c p m iH-n pretty soo n]

, .
, , , ,
.
, .
k t H -S H dl —h e m yesterday I pretty n early

i(H)
‘ ’ ’ ’
ic c m i ,
died from t h e heat m i(H) h o u dl b e pretty n early kill ed him .

, .
m i(H) H-o ut n I c ame pretty n ear to fall ing down h H cgn-t H e

’ ’
, .
’ ‘
H-b o nd oc-H g oc m i(H) H-t Q H-h e i m when I w as go ing alo ng the

’ ’ ’ ‘ ’
,
road I got pretty thirsty .
m in it minute [fr E ng ] c n t cc m t five mi ut s

'
’
, g in i n e . .
, .
12 4 BUR E AU OF AME RI CAN ET HN OLOGY
’
ou E H t -d ec
-’ ’
II ; ou (in anlump in the thr oat said to .
“ ’
,
be appl ied n o t to the to nsils but to small n odul es whi ch o n e c an

feel by laying the fin gers o n the throat [ thr oat lum p ] .
’
ou -b cc-e adv surely really [ u nexplain ed ] Al so u s ed as verb
,
.
, , .
prefix . cck ccdl ccdl h cc n éi-cce -t s e

j ( o ub ece ) t s ei (k ccdl )
’
g
’ ’
g
’ ’ ’
,
’
-b a d oc
(if o ub ece is added k ccdl must be in serted also ) if I
’ ’
n , ,
had a lot of mon ey I woul d buy me a horse .
’
o u b cc-e
~
adverbial verb prefix surely really [ un explain ed] Al s o , .
u sed as free adverb H-o ub cce —h o u dl d cc n eg h e ig cc g ec .

’ ’ ’
h o u dl d ec if y o u (really ) kill ed him they will kill you

’
H - ’ ’
, j da , .
t e jn d a t cc g oc heig a n — o u b cce -h o u dl d cc I c ould kill him if

‘ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
I wan ted to t a t ec g oc h e ig cc é i-o ub cce -b Q Hd cc if he c omes

'
’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
he will surely see me cck ccdl t a t cc n cc h e ig cc -o ub cch y

'
’ ’ ’ ’
.
g
- o u dl d cc if that m an had c o m e I wo ul d have kill ed him

’
,
.
’
ou-b H in o ub H -k y H e to swall ow ; -O ub H -d ec to taste in tr “
,
’
,
.
o ub H - d cc to taste in tr [ d cc to be] - -d ec it tastes ’

h b
’
, p ei n H o u H .
,
.
,
sweet .
o ub H - k y H e (in an III ) g ul let [ swall ower]

’ ‘
.
,
.
’
o ub H - k y H e ( o ub H
‘
to swallow [ o ub H -k y H e as in
’ ’ '
,
k y H e -gu a n to j um p ]
’
, .
ou-b H -h cc adv en ough [ ou dem stem ; -b H po st p at ; -h cc

”
’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
,
. .
, ,
.
, ,
p o s t p at] . C p
,
ou -dei -h ec that is all en ough
. o ut . cc
’ ’
, ,
.
’ ’
,
tran slated that s en ough “ ’

.
’
ou-d H t -n in o ud H t n gu ccn to j ump out of [ un explai n ed ] ’ —
,
.
’
o ud H t n - u ccn
g to j ump out of [gu ccn to j ump danc e] , , , .
- u ccn a fish jum ped out of the

a p iH t Q H- H — o ud H t
’ ‘ ’ ’
im
’
n n g ,
,water .
*’
ou-dei dem pron and adv that there implied in ou dei-h cc
,
. . .
, , ,
’ ’
,
that s en ough [ ou dem stern ; -dei]

’ ’
,
. .
’
ou—dei-h cc en ough that is all ’
,
-dei that -h cc
; p o s t p at] Cp , ,
’
, . .
’
ou-b H -h cc en ough ; oudei—h a -tsou there ; oudei-b iH there
’
,
’ ’
,
’
, ,
en ough ; ouei-g oc there only so far

’
oudei-h cc n —h eid e i-d cc
, ,
.
’ ’
,
that is all the story (said at the e nd of a story ) .
’
oudei-h a -tsou there ’
oudei-h a -tsou t a,
he c ame from .
’ ’
,
over there .
’
oudei-b iH there enough , o u d e ih iH n t - m ccn-k ccn-
,
ha n .
’
g
‘
g
’
,
I have taken a han dful .
’
ou-dl (in an II ; ou-dl ou—t in . load ; clothes property ’ ’
, ,
provisio ns Cp O udl-lio up to load ; o udl-pou di clothes moth ;

. .
’
,
’
,
p H g cc ou di kiH o n e load Of wood

’ ’
e tc .
,
.
’
ou-dl ou-t pre po un d form of out to des c en d
’ ’
,
.
’
o u d l- dou to overhang [ O u dl co m pl form of out to desc end ;
’
,
’
.
’
,
é i-b e idl k cce — oudi-dou the lip is hangin g over (said

’ ‘ ’ ’
,
of overhangin g lower lip ) .

3 3 3 3 343 3 03 ] VOCABULARY OF KI O WA LANGUAGE 125
’
-
o u d l g u ccd lh ec n ,
’
to c rem ate property n g
-
t o u dl g u ccdl h cgnd cc ,
’
- ’
I am go ing to burn the things up p e i kiH y H g g .

- -
n o u dl u ecd lh c n d ec
’ ’
,
I am go ing to burn the dead man s things up ’

.
’
ou di -koup to load [ ko u—p to lay several] , n t -o u dl -koup
, .
’
,
I put the load (o n my ba ck ) .
e ndl -poudi (an II ; c u d l- pou t -d cc clothes moth (applied both

’ ’
,
.
to larva an d ad ul t ) [ clothes bug] .
e n dl- to be loaded [p H to be tied ] ts ei H — o u dl -

p H the
’ “ ’ ’ ‘
p H , n , .
,
horse s loaded I .
’
ou di to tie load o n [p H-e to t ie ] yHn o udl
‘ ’
,
.
’
I am going to l e ad (the pac k horse ) .
’
o u d l-p H g
- oc in t ‘
QH
’
water j ug made of in tern al organ of ‘
buffalo [ app load .
o u dl -t s H-d ec (in a n II ; o udl-t a rawhide box for storin g

’ ’ “ ’
.
,
c lothe s or provis io n s - t s H-d cc un explain ed]

’
,
.
’
ou-e adv there look there ! Als o used as p o s t p [ ou dem stem ;
,
.
, , .
’
.
-ci
p o s t,p at ] C p O u o u e h y
—cc e n
.b y,
-cc oue i- oc all mean in g
g . .
’
,
’ ’
,
’ ’
,
’
,
there oue ki l he lives there oue Hn he is sitting

.
’
,
.
’ ’ ’
,
there oue H-f a dei they are staying over there

.
’ ’ ’
, .
’
oue look there ! used in c allin g atten tion (cp O u e ig ec a gcc look
, .
’
,
’ ’
,
’
ou—e , at when ; 2 subordin ating verb p o s t fix when
1 .
po s t p .
, , .
,
Sin c e Al so u sed as adv . 1 h H -oue , when ? k t iH -oue . .

’ ’ ’ ‘ ’
,
tomorrow morning 2 h e ig cc e i-gou p-dei-oue h cgn k ccdl n -t Q H .

’ ’
,
t H gu cc I have n o t spoken to him sin c e he hit me h e ig cc g oc

’ ’
,
.
H-goup —d e i-o u e b egn k ccdl d é i-t Q H

’
I have n o t s poken to
’
,
them sin c e they hi t me k t i H-oue tomorrow morning .

‘ ’ ’
, .
’
ou chy-cc there [ ou e there ; -h cc p o st p at] Cp o uh y -cc
,
’
—
,
’
, .
,
. .
’ ’
,
there o u e h y cc k i l there he lives

.
’ ’
,
.
’
ouei—dei ( ouei—g oc dem pro n an d adv that there [ ouei there ;
’
,
. ; .
, ,
’
,
—dei O ue id e i y i e i they d o u e ig cc those people o u e id e i

’
]
’ ’
,
. . .
,
t s cc his mother o u e id e i t ccdl his father

’
.
, .
,
’
ouei-g oc 1 dem pro n t pl of o ue id e i that ; 2 adv there look
, . . .
,
.
’
, . .
, ,
there ! o nly so far somewhat slightly [ O uei there ; -g oc] '
, ,
’
,
.
o u e ig ec dei he is stan ding over there o u e ig cc t cce way over

’ ’ “
.
, ,
there o ue ig cc g u ccdl to be somewhat red a little red (opp of

.
’
, ,
.
-
g u ccdl Q H to be very red ’
) o u e ig g
a ,
u ccd -d oc it (the sto n e ) is a .
’ l
,
little red O u e ig cc t o u it is somewhat c old a little Go ld o ue ig cc

.
’
, ,
.
’
,
look there ! (cp a g cc look there ! ) .

’ ’
,
’
ouei b iH adv w ay over there [ oue there ; -h I H real] Cp o uh I H
—
,
.
,
’
,
. .
’
way over there .
’
ou-ci-ky H -t o u dl o u e ikiH—t o udl (an II ; ou-e i-l i -tout -d cc ,
’
.
’ ‘
du ck [ un explain ed] .
126 BURE AU o r AM E RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
’
ou g oc 1 d e m pro n t pl of ou dei that o n e ; 2 adv there [ ou
-
, . . .
,
.
’ -
, . .
,
’
,
there ; -g oc] o ug cc H -t s d e i they t l are traveling over

H p .
’ ’ ’
, .
yo n der o ug cc way over there

.
’
.
’
ou-gu ect ko u (an II ; ou—gu octko ug cc a blackbird sp with .
’
, .
yellow stripe aroun d the n e ck [ ou throat ; gu cct Eo u yellow] ’

, .
’
ou-b iH adv way over there [ ou there ; -b iH real] Cp o ue ih iH
,
.
,
’
, , . .
’
,
way over there o uh iH H -t

a I c ame from w ay o ff there .
’ ’
, .
’
ou oH cg
-h -m -k u n
cc war da n c e [ ou -h -
Q H m ec un explain ed ; k u ccn ,
’
g ,
danc e] .
’
ou—h y cc adv there [ ou dem stem ; -h ec po st p at ; for possible
’
,
.
,
’
.
’
,
.
,
etymology s e e cch y cc there an d cp ou-e h y -cc there] ’ ’

, ,
.
’ ‘
’
, .
o uh y cc t ec he is stayin g there
’ ’ ’
.
,
’
ou -g cct -H (in an III ) pole mattress made of poles of H e [3iH
’ ’
.
, ,
’ '
(wi ll ow s p ) wove n side by side [ ou - oct

g un explain ed ;
. wood ’ ’
,
poles] .
’
ou-p to dip up Cp t o ub H -oup to strain ; t Q H-oup . . .
’
,
‘ ’
,
di pper ; t Q H-o u dl-p H-g oc water j ug h e ig cc n -oup I

’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
, .
,
dipped it up .
’
ou-p dem stem II I oup -h ec there e t c [ ou there ; -p .
’ ’
, , .
’
,
-oup dipper in t
’
-oup dipper oup to di up
[ ]
’ ’
QH p
”
,
.
, , ,
’
ou-t -kccdl (an II ; ou-t -Iicct -d cc uvula [ throat clito ri s] .
’
«
, .
Cp ou-p Q Hrn -k ccdl A dam s apple

’ ’
.
.
,
c u p- dei dem pron an d adv that o n e there ; impli ed in o uph a t so u

,
. . .
, ,
’ ’
,
there [ oup dem stem ; -dei] ’

. .
c u p- g oc 1 dem pro n t pl , of o u p d e i. that o n e ; 2 adv there ; . .

, .
’
, . .
,
implied in o uph a t so u there [ oup dem stem ; -g oc] ’ ’

,
’
. .
oup -h cc adv there im plied in o uph a t so u there [ oup d e m

’
,
.
, ,
’ ’
,
’
.
stem ; -h ec po s t p at] ’
,
.
,
.
’
oup -h a —tsou adv there in that direc tio n [ oup dem stem ;
’
, .
, ,
’
.
-h a -tsou p o s t p at]
’
z n e d e i Et , y o up o u p h a t s o u H-bH .
, .
’ ’ ’ ’
hei dl half of the m e n wen t in that dire c tio n g

”
, .
’
ou-p Q Hm -kccdl (in an A dam s apple [ ou throat ; p Q Hm -kecdl .
’ ’
is said to be applied to soft j oin ts of bo iled up c alf-meat whether “

,
it may be a gen eral term for gris tle is un c ertain ; kccdl as in ou-t ’
k ccdl uv ul a] Cp ou-t -kccdl uv ul a

,
. .
’
, .
’
ou-p H-ci-g oc (in an II ; ou-p H-ci
‘ ’
c hoke c herry fruit [ tied .
“ ’ ‘ ’
,
at n eck fruit] .
’
ou—p H-y H e -b cc (in an
‘
a k in d of band split at o n e e nd worn .
, ,
diago n ally a cross the chest [n eck tie rope] .
’
ou-s cc (in an III ) c rop (of bird ) [ app b ig-throat : ou thr oat ; -s cc
.
,
.
’
,
big as in m cgn-s oc thum b lit b ig finger

, , ,
.
,
’
ou sei (an II ; ou -s e ig cc t pl ; ou ou-se i in
— . throat often ’
,
.
’ ’
~
,
also translated n eck [ ou throat ; -s e i as in t Q H-se i bo n e ; ’ ‘

,
ousei—t H e-h ei m to be c hoked to death -t H-e un explain ed]

'
’ ’ ’ ’
.
, ,
ousei-t H e-h ei m h e was choked to death

'
’ ’ ’
, .
1 28 BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
’
ou t a -g oc,
- ‘ ’
un explained ; -g oc] Cp t eim to pull
to push [ ou ’
-t ‘ a’ . .
, .
n I pushed it .
ou t H dou to have the c hin rais ed [ ou throat ; t "

- t pls pre
’ ‘ ’ ’ ’ ‘
—
‘
, .
poun d form of h H to stan d ; d ei I have ’

,
my chin raised .
o uy ccdl- t He (an II ; o uy ecdl-t HQ-m eg yellow horse [white

'
’ ’
.
,
man e] .
o u- -a -d cc in an II ouy -ccd l d l man e o uy a d cc w as explained

(
’ ’ ’
y ; p .
,
. .
as meaning man e an d n o t sin gle hair of man e ; ouy-ccdl as ,

’
meaning d pl man es ; this is prob due to E ng influenc e [ ou

. . .
’
n eck ; - e i; cct -d cc hair]

’
, .
’
quotative parti cle
Q H, QH t H b H h e idl
. RY H t H e KlH d e l t H
- ‘ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
the c hief s wife we n t o ff somewhere ’ '

.
to like -dei - e id l-dou like ; Q H t ec to be

—d cc -
'
i
’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
QH n QH QH , QHp t o , , , ,
dissatisfied ; Q H-t H to be happy ; Q H-t H -d ec to be happy

’ ‘ ’ ’ ’
, .
-
Q H in te n sive n oun adje c tive an d verb [p o s t fix den otin g inte n sity
, , , ,
abu nda nc e in at H t He-Q H to be (too ) salty ; t S o u-Q H to be

,
’ ‘ ’
,
’
,
ro cky ; gu ccdl — QH to be very red ; s ech y e i— Q H t o be very blue ;

’
,
’
,
-s ej-Q H to be sweet sm ellin g ; ecdl k cce -Q H to be c razy [cp

’ ’ ‘ ’
, . .
’
-dei mu h -d cc -dei to like an d possibly - ’
S Q H in t e n
’
”
QH c ; QH , QH ; , , ,
sive verb p o s t fix] .
”
’
QH a t H np
r - o udl
(a n II ou a t -pou t d oc t l
p leec h [ blood
.
,
’ ’
,
.
su ck bug : Q H b lo o d ; a t ’
to su c k ; po u dl bug] ’ ’
,
.
QH
-b H referri n g ,
to divi n g dr ow n in g in QH b H - u ccn to dive
g ; , ,
’ ’
,
b - h ej m to be dro wn ed ; e t c
’ ’ ’
QH H ,
.
’
b H — u ccn to dive
’
d ei- b H - u ccn I dived ’ ’
QH g , QH g .
, .
’
QH b H -
h ei m ’
to be drow n
’
ed , QH b H -
h e i m he was dr o wn ed .
’ ’ ’
, .
o ub H - h o u dl to drown tr n QH - b -h e n dl I d ro wned him

’ ’ ’
,
H .
, .
-d cc pu t -d a bei im to like [ Q H as in
( QH
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
QH n c n e g ; QH p .
,
.
Q H
’
-dei to like d oc
; ] ,
h egn H -
Q H d a m cg I d o n t .l ik e h im
’ ’ ’
,
’
.
ou-d ec to b e bloody -d cc it is bloody m li e -d cc ’ ’ ’

, QH .
a g g c n c QH ,
.
,
your n ose is bloody .
-dei p t d i ur to li k e -d cc t o
] [ p QH
’ ’ ’
QH un c n e g ; QH p e c s c .
, ,
.
,
like] yH QH p like it y H Q Hd e ip I lik e beef

.
- dei I ki H -
’
.
’
, .
,
b egn y H I do n o t like it d é i— Q Hd e i I am glad .

’
,
.
’
Q H-dei adv m ,
u c h [ c p
-
QH i
.n te
,
n sive n ou n adj a n d verb p. o s t fi
’
x] , , . .
Cp Q Hd e i-kiH ri c h m an b egn Q H-dei y H n- g u ecd ec I do no t

’ ’ ’
.
,
.
,
write to h im very mu ch .
-dei -l2iH an I -goup h mu h -K l

i d i ]
’
( [
’ ’
Q H ; Q H r c . m a n Q H e c ; H , ,
.
-m in an II blood Tewa -I blood

Hj - ’
]
“ ’
’
i [ Q Hm
’
(
’
QH ; QH n . s cc ,
.
h H b e ip to h av e d i- b Q H I s aw ’ ’
h h e
’
e m o
,
rr a ge e t c QH m ,
.
,
blood particle of blood spot of blood Q H-d Q Hn in the blood

, ,
.
’
,
.
}
3 3 3 3 3 43 3 3 3 ] V O C A B ULARY OF KI O WA LANGUAGE 12 9
’
QHp
- e idl- to like [ Q H to like ; p
dou ’
,
to think] ’
e id l dou
- ’
, .
’
c im I lik e you h a n t -Q Hp e idl d o u d ei-ad a -dei .
,
’ ’ ’ ’
,
yes I like to gamble

,
.
’ - e it
QH p n to bleed in tr in ,
-
p Q H Q Hpe it n to bleed at the n o s e .
,
‘ ’
,
[ ble e d falls] .
’
Q H to be wa n tin g someth in g better be dissatis fi ed [ Q H to like ; ,
’
t ec to stay]
’
,
H Q Ht cc I wan t somethin g better (said w h e Ii
.
’ ’ ’
,
I am dissatisfied with what I have and keep wan ting something

better ) .
’
QH
-t H
’
( QH fut Q H-t H in ’
to be happy [ QH .
’ ’ ’ ’
to like ; -t H un explain ed] Cp Q H-t H -d cc to be happy

‘
. .
’ ‘ ’
, .
poue é 1m don t be happy !

’ ’
’
-t H
‘
-d ec to be happy
’
to be happy d to be]
QH , ; oc ,
.
’
H -d cc I am happy bH -d H b e i let Us be happy ! ’
, .
,
heit poue b H -d a t cc let us n o t be happy !

H im
’
,
’
d a bei you be happy

’
,
cgim Him don t ,
’‘ ’ ’
be happy ! h ogn H I w as n o t happy ’

.
QH
- z e ip ( Q H-z o u dl iH ’
to bleed in tr [ to blood fl o w] , . .
’
-z o udl iH he is bleedin g
QH ,
.
P
- 1 n oun p o s t fix in - you-p , t pl of iH chil d ; k ou-n -p body ;
’ ‘
p, . .
, ,
etc .
; 2 p o s t p p o.s t fix in -b H -
p, . at (cp -b H at ) ; —t ec-p beyo n d
.
, ,
(cp beyo n d )
. .
- in tr verb o s t fix in a -h H - to be a great gambler e t c ’ ’

p , p .
p ; , , .
- tr verb o s t fix in ko u— to lay several c k u -dl several lie

p , p .
p (p oc ) , , .
, .
p oc (also p a n punc t ; p a d cc pun c t n e g ; p ect d cc c urs ; p ccdl d cc

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, , , ,
. .
fut ; . fut n e g ; p ec to eat Cp p iH food ; pei-d H .

, . .
, ,
to have plen ty to eat ; h H n to eat ; h cg n to eat up n t

’
,
’
,
.
p n
a I ’
ate h cg n
n t , I did n o t eat n t.
-bou— ect d cc
p .
,
I am eating all the tim e n t 4p ccdl d cc I shall eat h cgn n t .

’
, .
I S hall n o t eat t —p ec eat ! heit t -p ec let u s eat ! .

, ,
poue t —p ecdld cc let us no t eat ! Et I H h cgn n the ’

,
’
m an is fastin g n o t eatin g , .
p cc-dl to si n g in p ecd l-dei singer

; p ccdl -dou to S in
, g ; p ccdl -k a - oc
g ,
’
,
‘ ’
,
drum .
dl -dei dl - oc si ger also —dl -dei p e rsn of Mr Light

p ec (p ec g n ; P cc , ,
. .
,
his other n am e being P iH —b Q H Light [p a-dl to s in g ; -dei] ‘

,
.
p a dl-dou to sing [p a-dl to sing ; ’

, Cp d a pH e g cc d a d ec to .
’ ’
,
’
,
sm g .
p ecd ld o u -li n ’
i (an I ; p ccdl d o u g cc
.
’
,
singer (m an ) .
padl -k ‘ a’-
g oc (in an II ; p ccd l-k cc .
‘
, t pl ;
.
p
-
ccd l k a
‘ ’
in drum
[ explain ed as in p
p ecd l ccdl - tou to sin g ; w ’
, .
- ’
k cc c p . possibly k ‘
cc-e ,
hide ; k a -d cc blanket] ‘ ’
, .
-t (in an II -
p ccdlk a t Q H, d pl ; p ccdlk a
-t ‘
‘ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
’
in
’
p ccdl k a
’ “
Q He .
; .
QH
drumstick .
p cc- c
’
i-dou to resemble [ p c -ci un explained
c
’
, ; t s e Ih y o u p
’
’
ci they t pl look like dogs . .
p a
’
p p
re o un d form th i gh in p a -
t QH d e i t hi gh ; p a -ki H flesh of
, ,
’ ‘
,
’
,
thigh ; p a -p ect d cc hair of thigh ; e t c [ Tewa p o thi gh]

’ ’
,
.
,
.
pa
’
app p p
r e o u n d form . of b a -d H to rise in t -
Q Hp a -t out pump ’
, ,
‘ ’ ‘
, ,
win dmill .
p a
’
adverbial verb prefix de n ot in g a cc ompa n ime n t in p a - b c c to ,
’ ’
,
brin g al o ng ; p cc -h cc to take alon g ; p a -h e ib ec to take in to ; p a ’ ’

,
’
,
’
h eId ec to remove t r ; p a -dou to keep (an anirrial) ; p a

’ ’ ’
.
, ,
n o t to be able .
p a
’
-b cc to bring alo ng b cc to bring
’
, [ ] n I brought ’
,
.
him alo ng n I sh all bring him alo ng

. .
a
’
-dou to keep (anim al ) treat [dou to have]
’
t s eIh IH
’
p , , , .
n I kept a d o g t se h
Iy p o u d e i I kept t p l .
dogs t s eIh y o up b egn d ei

. I did no t keep dogs t seIh .
youp d ei I am go ing to keep dogs H m t s h

e I IH H - a
p .
’ ’ ’
d o u you keep a dog ! b egn d ei I am n o t goin g to

’
,
keep dogs t s e Ih IH b H let us keep a dog ! H-tseIh IH

.
’
p a dou they treat him as a dog as a slave

’ ’
, , .
Q Hb H (in an III ) un derside or ba ckside of thigh

a
’
-d ’
p .
,pa .
t Q Hb H n t -b Q H I looked at his thigh -t

éI -s e ib ec he ’
b
’
p a QH H , m . .
,
c u t himself in the thigh .
-h ec to take alo ng [h cc to bring take] d ec take

’ ’ ’
p a , , , .
us ! 11 a n I am goin g to take him away n .
p a h cc I
’
took him
’
alo n,
g with me b eg n
n - a h
p n u cc I did n o t .
’
,
take him alo ng n I shall take him al o ng h cgn . .
n p - ah
n u cc I shal l n
’
o t take hi m alo n g H -p a hi n take hi m
,
.
’ ’
,
along ! poue H don t take him alo ng ! heit n a ’ ’
b H-p a bi H let us take him alo n g ! hei t n a poue b H let

’
,
us n o t take h im alo ng !
-h e ib cc to take in side h e ib cc to take inside — a h e ib cc I
[ ]
’ ’
p a , n p ,
.
,
took him in (e g I led him in to a room ) b egn n . . I did .
n o t take him In m iHn n -p a h e ib o up I am about to take him

’
.
,
in .
n I shall take hi m in s ide h cg n
n - a h ei
p .
’
b a d oc I shall n o t take him inside H-p a h e ib e i take him inside !

’ ’
,
.
’ ’
,
-h d ec to remove tr h d to remove d é - a h d ei
[ eI
’
p a eI , cc c p eI .
, ,
keep us away fro m (evil ) ! n -p a h e Id e id ec I am going to take ’

,
him away H-p a h e Id e i remove him ! heit n eg b H-p a h e id e i let

’ ’ ’
.
, ,
u s remove him ! hei t n eg poue b H let us n o t remove

him !
a -k o u
’
to brin g [k cg n to brin g]
’
t s eI n I ’
p g , , .
am going to bring the horse t s eI n I brought the .
horse .
1 32 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
- H- -
p n dl , p o st p .
, on this side of -p H -dl un explain ed ; -n ] .
p p
a - H dl
n
’ ’
H-k i l I l ive this s ide of the river , .
p k ece (in an
H dl -
‘
. quilt [ bed cloth] Cp oga -p H dlk cce rug . .
’ ‘
, ,
lit foot q u ilt

. .
p H dl
— k n
‘
o uJ e i- [p to retur n ; k ou -ci un e x
, to turn back H- dl ‘
plain ed ; -n ] Ry HI H fia -b e igu cc b H n ei b egn pa n .

’ ’
,
’
t s Hn eg p H dlk o u e in
’ ’
,
the m an w as going toward the ri ver but ‘ ‘
, ,
he did n o t rea ch the river he turn ed ba ck m Hy IH b Q Hn g oc ,

.
’
h e ig cc p H dlk o u e in he s aw a woman an d turn ed back

‘ ’
,
.
d l- o u dl an II dl -pou t —d ec t l d l- o u dl in bed
p H p ( ; p H p ; p H p .
,
.
bug = p H dl p ou lit bed louse B oth terms are in use

,
— ‘
,
. . .
dl - cct -d ec in an II d l- cdl d l d l- ecdl in

(
’ “ ‘ ‘
p H p ; p H p c p ; p H p .
,
.
fil amen t of c otto n c otto n [ quilt-fuzz ] ,

.
dl - ecdl-goup i n an c otto n plan t

(
‘
p H p . .
-p ou an II p ou -e t l
d l ( p ; p ou in bedbug [ bed louse]
‘ ‘ ‘
p H ; .
,
.
,
H dl — o u dl
p p .
p H —e
,
1 .
( an . lo ck watc h ; 2 (app in an I )
II ; p H -e - u cc
g ,
s un , c ,
. . .
,
sum mer in s um mer [w p H cp l -p H p H light shin e ; -e i; c p

,
.
’
,
’
, .
Tewa p d d-ri p d d-g é s un ny plac e sunshin e pH-y o sum mer]

’
,
’
, , ,
‘
,
.
C p p H e -d H summer ; p H e -bei south 1 t - m for H e

(
’
.
, y eI p . .
h e I m ) the s un is dead (said of e clipse ) P H d ec-b Q H Sun look

’
.
, , , ,
at us ! (s aid in prayin g to the sun ) p H e n -t a n I foun d a .
wat ch 2 En y H e p H e h e ig cc h IHt cc he will die n ext sum m er

. .
’
,
.
t o u p t e i p H e h e I m he died last summer e Ih a d e i p H e IHh cc

’
’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
H-t a -t cc I am goi ng to stay right here thi s summer p H e -n

’ ’ ’
,
.
,
in the s um m er = p Hy -cc ’
.
,
p east [ p H e s un ; b a d e ip c urs of b a d H to rise]

H -b a d e i ’ ’ ’
p e ,
.
,
.
e
’
im g ec p H e -b a d e i -
p sI I am stayin g in the east p H e ’ ’
.
b a d e ip — cIm H-a m H I am going to go east

’ ’ ’
.
,
p H e -b a d e i -
p dei ’
east p H e b a d e ipd e i-b e i u cc H
, g I am .
’ ’
go ing to go east .
p H e -b e i south [p H -e summer ;
-bei at referring to regio n
] Cp , ,
. .
S H dl-d cgm south lit hot c oun try ; s H -b e i n orth lit at t h e ,

.
’
,
.
region of win ter ; t o u-d egm north lit c old c oun try ,
. .
H e -bei - b H in the south H -b e i H -t ec I am staying in ’ ’

p , p e .
,
the s outh .
-bei- gu to the south -b e i u cc H-

a m H I am goin g
‘
’
p H e oc ,p H e g .
,
to go south .
-d H s ummer summer -
p H e , [p H e s un ; d H] , , .
- H -e -dl in t - H e dl talkative perso n

p QH p , .
p H e -h
Hg (
e n in a n
’
I ) s u n-trail path of the s un through the sky.
, ,
.
p H e s e i n five c en ts (app with u n aspirated p ) [fr E ng ]

’
. . .
,
p H e - iH H
y y west [p H e s un ; y iH y H c urs of y H e to se t ] , ,
.
’
,
.
’
eI g
m cc (p H e - iH H - m H
)y y eI I am staying in the west p H e ’ ’
.
i - m H-a m H I am goin g to go west

’ ’
eI
~
y y H H , .
3 4 3 3 3 43 3 3 3 1 VOCABULARY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 133
H ou
- fut ; p H o u d e i to close tr
’ ’
p .
, .
b ei-beidl -p H o u d e i close your mouth ! d ei-bei dl I

’
,
s hall close my mouth .
H -t in H -t - k -dl clitoris
p p cc ,
.
t -k ccd l
( an II ; t
-k cct -d cc . c lito r i s [ p t un explain ed ;
H -
,
-k ec—dl as in ou-p Q Hm —kecdl A dam s apple] Cp ou-t k ccdl ’ ’ ’

, . .
,
uvula .
p H
’
prairie in k a n pp
- H -d ecn
,
hawk s p ; p H -
n
’
p H -
n p
’
g , .
’
,
’
,
prairie ; p H -y oc o n the prairie ’ ’

,
.
p H
’
together i n p H -gue- oc in a b un c h
g , ; p H -t l -dou ’
to have ,
’ ’
,
c o nfluen c e ; together [ cp possibly p H o n e ; or p H in’ ’ ’ ‘

H — oc
p y ,
.
,
-d cc-iH twin
]
‘ ’
p H ,
.
pH
’
to sharpen Ecc n I .
’
am go in g to sharpen m y kn ife .
-H -d cc to be mirage [ app light shi e -d cc to be dew

y]
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
p H , p H n ; H .
, , .
- H - H -d ec it is mirage ’ ’
n p ,
.
-b H in def pro n somebodies somebodies -b H]

’ ’
[p
’
p H , . se e p H H .
, ; , ,
.
Cp tei-b H all t pl
.
, ,
.
-b iH I -b o u - l in 1 man s
’
—b iH
(
’ ’ ’
p H a n ; p H y p . t p ; p H ,
. .
brother (older or yo unger) ; 2 man s great gran d s o n [ Tewa pci -ré .

’ ‘ ’
,
older brother] Cp p H b y o u e my or our brother . . n cc

’
—’
,
.
g
p H b y o u p m y t pl brothers Hm p H b iH your brother y iH

’ ’ ’
.
,
. .
,
nH - H b iH -d ec I have t w o brothers
’
Ip ,
.
H -b o u - e my or our brother
’ ’
p y , .
- H -d c -n in ka
’
- H d c n hawk s said to sound like cliff
’ ’
p g n p p g p ,
.
,
prairie .
- H -dl -ci in d e - H dl e i to be sleepy ; t ou- H dl e i to be t hi rsty

’ ’ ’
p Ip p , ,
.
- oc o n e
p H g cc K t I rr o n e m an p H g ec S H e o n e year
’ ’ ’ — ’
p H g ,
.
g ,
.
,
.
H tou
’
- H -t cc I lived in the sa m e house ’ ’
p g cc n ,
.
-e lo n e in K ue o ewolf [
’
p H g
’
cc
’
, p r,
s n L n p H g cc o n e ;
’
.
H
’
-dou o n e time o n c e
p g cc , ,
.
H
p g
’
cc- a
y at o n
’
e ,
H
p g y ec- oc o n e hour ; .at o n e o c lo c k ’ ’
,
’
.
H - oc -t cc z H - oc at h al f past o n e
’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
p g y cc y ,
.
-gue- oc ad v together a bu h as i -t l-dou to ’ ’

[p
’ ’
p H g ,
in n c H .
,
n p H , ,
have c onfluen c e ; w -gu-e c p g u-e behin d ; -g oc] Ky n e g u cc

. .
,
.
H
p g g u e
’
cc t s H d e i the C oma n c hes are ’
traveli n g i
,
n o n e bu n c h or
c ompany .
p H -’
n (in a n III ) pla in prairie .
p H -
n p [p H ,
prairie ;
-
n ] , ,
’
.
’
.
Cp p H -y oc o n the prairie ki l he l ives o n the

’ ’ ’
.
pH n
,
.
,
prairie h ccn tou e— cce -n . H-kn cc p H n H— e iku cc—ki l I

’ ’ ’ ’
,
’ ’ ’
,
do n o t live In town I live outside of the town o n a farm p H gi (H ) ,

.
’
H’
I am going to the pr airi e .
H
p n
’
-b e i
(i n a n edge [ app p nH plai n ;
- bei
.
-b H .
’
, ,
k cc —p H n b e i ’
the edge of the knife p H n -b e i
’
,
.
’
-kcc I c u t hi m wi th the edge = H -bei e -dou

n -k ec
’ ’ ’
, p n n ,
.
1 34 BURE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
pH n
’
-b e i -e in p H n
’
-
bei e d o u, with the edge . Cp p H n .
’
b ei edge ,
.
H- p plain pra irie pH n p H I am

’
- ’ ’ ’
p n , pH n , , .
go ing to go to the prairie Ky H e gu cc tei p H n p d Hm eI the . .

’ ’ ’
,
C om anc hes were all over the prairi e .
-p H -t
’
l-dou to have c o nfluenc e in p a ’
, c reeks j oin ,
’ ’
- H as in ’
H -gue oc in a bu n ch - h H -dl un explain ed ;
’
—
p p g ; ,
-h ccn d e 1 in def ro somebody someth g

[
’
o n e ; h cgn d e i
’
p H g p n p H . in ] .
, , , .
p H h cg n d e i éI m —t e idl e i n eg h I Hh e idl somebody has been

’ ’ ’
,
telling that he di ed p H h cgn d e i t Q Hn eI n eg h I Hh e idl somebody .

’ ’ ’
,
said that he died .
p H
’
-h H
n adv sometimes [p H some ; h H n where ? somewhere]
’
,
.
,
’
,
’
, .
Cp p Hny H Hn h H n
.
’
sometimes ’
pH h H n
’
Hn t a m H ,
.
’ ’ ’
,
sometim es he c omes .
-n H o n e by o n e
; ny H adverbial ]
- ’ ’ ’
[p
’
p H y ,
H o n e p Hny H Hn ,
.
yH n g u ccd cc I write to him j ust o nc e in a wh ile (cp p H

’
hH n
’
— .
,
hH n
’
sometimes ) , .
H
’
n H t -dei the first
p y ,
.
H
’
n H t -dou in o n e pla c e C H -H - oc in o n e pla c e ’ ’
p y p p , g . .
,
.
p H
’
- a-
p d H (app
’
in a n I ) sh in e (of s un moo n
.
) [p H as in p H -S H t -
.
n ,
’ ’ '
hot sunshin e ; p H-e sun ; k iH -p H daylight ; -p a un explain ed ; -d H ‘
,
‘ ’
,
’
,
n oun p o s t fix ] p pH a d H -
n d ei . I am goin g to sit ’ ’
in the sun s h in e d ei-p H -S H t - H a d H -k H d é i ’ ’ ’ ’

p p p
a , y
I am goin g to sit in the moo nshin e p H p a d H n —b Q H I s aw the .
’ ’
,
s unshin e .
p H
’
-S H t -
n ( in a n III ) warm s un sh i n e [p H as in p H
.
- a -d H s un
p ,
’ ’ ’
,
shin e -S H -t p re p o un d form of S E -dl to be hot]

“
d ei-p H S H t ,
.
’
s a d cc I am going to sit in the hot sun ; = p H S H tn H

’ ’ ’
H eleven
H
’
-t ‘
p , .
H
’
t -n eleven by eleven
‘
p H , .
H
’
t
“
-dei the eleven th
p H n ,
.
H
’
t
‘
-dou in eleven pla c es
p H n ,
.
-cc in summer su mer y cc in winter

- C -
p
’ ’
]
’
H
p y , [p H e m ; cc s H , .
,
.
p Hy cc h eI m he died in the summer

’ ’
.
,
p H
’
- oc
y o n the
’
,
prai ri e p H - cc H-t
y a I c ame from the .
’ ’ ’
,
prairi e .
p H
’
- oc
y adv together at the same plac e [p H together ;
’
, .
, ,
’
H - oc b H-ki l we (all ) live in the same pla c e

’ ’
p y ,
.
pH
’
- d cc to be , sore [p H u n explai n ed ; d oc] m c l
E c n -
g g a p H d cc - ’
.
’ ’ ’
,
my n ose is sore .
—h
p H IH adv in
, deed surely [p H . u
,
n explai n ed ; b I H re al ]
-
,
’
.
-koudou -k oup -c m I am go in g to be suffering

yH
’ ‘ ’
pH h I H g n , .
p H IH h
’
H -
d n I surely am going to get tired
’
,
.
dead Tewa pé -m dead pers o n -pei

p e i, [ p
c i .
] T s h
eI IH n b cu -
, .
,
I saw a dead dog pei-h eI t s eIh IH n -b Q H I s aw a live dog .

, ,
136 BU RE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [3 3 33 , 34
reaso n they traveled off angry Ecc d e idl é g peidou .

g
’ ’
-
i c m e i-
’ ’
dei
dH i-h e Id cc he d id n o t treat m e right an d that I S w h y I left
,
ts e i .
h o udl -dei peidou t s e I-h e I d oc he killed h is horse an d that is w h y ,
he has n o horse n o w t s e Ig cc é i-h o u t d cc-dei peidou dc-so ud e i he .

’ ’
,
is kill in g his horses an d that is the reaso n that he h as o nl y a few .
-pei dou p o t p for [ pei—dou adv ]

- s ,
= H-t a n eg Et
.
, IH , .
’ ’
n a- peidou t e ip I arrived an d a m an c ame out for me

g
‘
, .
pei-g a -t (in an II ; pei-n d pl pei in

’
grain of sand sand
.
“
, .
, .
Cp pei-S H dl -cct bird sp pein n t -b Q H I s aw the san d

’
, ,
. . .
pei-gu oc (p e igu ccy cc pun c t n e g ; p e igu ccy H cur s ; p e igu cct cc fut ; ’
,
.
,
.
’
,
.
p e igu ccy a t cc fut n e g ; p e ig u cc to revive in tr [ app pei

’ ’
.
, , . .
pei dead cp pei-s eI-h H to revive in tr ; w -gu oc c p possibly

, ,
.
’
, . . .
gu oc to be wise],
H—p e ig u cc I revi v ed (from a faint ) h cgn .
’
, .
H-p e igu ccy ec I did no t revive m iH n H-p e igu ccy H I am about to

’ ’
,
.
’
,
revive H-p e ig u ccd ec I shall revive h cgn H

.
’
I shall ’
,
.
’
n o t revive c3Im -p e ig u cc reviv e !

’’
,
.
g
pei-n (in an III ; pei-n in thought [ cp pei-dl c o m pl

. . .
referrin g to thinki n g] Cp pein -b Q H Q H n o t to thin k right ; . .

’
,
pein -d n to be thought -tired ; e t c ,

.
pein -b Q H Q H n o t to thin k right [w b Q H cp b Q Hn-d cc to be ben t ;

’
,
. .
,
-
QH
’
very ], pei n
-b
Q H Q H he does n o t thin k a nything
.
’
,
ri ght .
pein -d n to be thought-tired [ d n to be tired] = pein , , ,
d n —d ec .
pein d n - to be thought tired H-pein -d -d ec

n -d cc ,
- .
’
,
I am thought-tired worried ,
.
pein -s cc - Q H (pein -s ec Q H-g oc ’ ’

to be wis e smart -s cc un e x ’ ’
, ,
’
plain ed ; -Q H in tensive] p e ik s
’
ec QHn
-b
Q H I s aw a wise
,
.
’
,
pers on p e iks cc o u k ec d ei-b Q H I s aw wise people

.
’
,
.
pei-koc to lie dead Uf a to lie ]

,
pei-Rec he is dead t s eIh IH ,
.
, .
n Q H p e ikcc I s aw a dead dog

-b
,
.
pei—EiH (an I ; pei-g oc dead m an .

,
.
pei-m H (an I ; pei-m He-m cg dead woman

.
,
.
pei-Q H to be very s traight [pei as in pei-dei to be straight -Q H

’
, ,
’
,
in tensive] kt I H p e i Q H the m an is s traight

’ ’
.
,
.
Pei-Ecc -e idl ple n Re d River [big san d river]

’ ’
,
.
,
.
pei-s ocen to be benumbed l imb goes to sleep [ app pei dead or pei
, ,
.
, ,
to be straight stiff ; -S ec-e -n un explain ed] t Q Hd e i é I-pei

, ,
.
’ ’
s oce n m y leg has go n e to sleep

,
.
pei-S H dl -ect (an II ; pei-S H dl -cct -d cc bird sp [ explained as

.
,
.
stayer in the hot san d : p e i s an d ; S H dl to be hot ; -cct un e x ,

’
,
plain ed] The bird is said to live in the desert

. .
p e i-s n
H I e (an
’
II ; pei -S n o u -
H p s n ake s p [.san d s n ake] ’
,
. .
Des c ribed as being n o t more than a foot long and having body
striped l ike a rattlesnake .
3 3 3 3 13 3 3 3 3 1 V O C ABU LAR Y OF KI OWA LAN GUAGE 137
p e i-s eI
-h H ’ punc t ne g ; p e is e Ih H gu ec c urs ; p e is e I .
’
, .
h H d cc fut ; fut n e g ; p e is e Ih H to revive

’ ’
.
, ,
.
in tr [pei eviden tly as in pei-gu oc to revive in tr ; -s e I un explain ed ;

.
,
.
app -h H to stan d up ]
.
’
, d é i-p e is e Ih H I revived (e g from .
’
,
. .
a fain t ) h cgn d ei . I d id n o t revive him m iH n .
d é i-p e is e Ih H g u cc I am about to revive d ei-p eis e Ih H d cc I s hall

’ ’
, .
,
revive b egn d é i . I S hall n o t revive b é i pei .

—
s e Ih H revive ! ’
,
-t So u in an san dston e
p e i ( . .
-t So u dl an II pei-t So udl - oc top of t hi gh [ un explain ed “

p e i ( ; g .
,
cp po
. s sibly t S o u t -d cc wing] .
II - l
p ; p eI in (wild ) turkey Cp
’
(
’ ’
p I
e a n ; p I g e . oc t ,
. . .
p e i-8
m m quail ,
-n
(p e in os pun c t n e e ; p e inm oc c urs ; p e in d oc fut ; p e in e d oc
’ ’ ’ ’
p ei . . .
.
.
,
fut n e g ; p eI n imp ; p eIn e I

.
’
to butc her [cp possibly p e i
,
.
, .
,
dead] O p p eI n
. n —
p eI n - d cc to be but c hered ,
-
n p e In I ,
.
,
but chered him h cgn n -p eIn cg I did n o t but cher him h e ig cc .

’
,
.
n p eI g
- n m c I am but c heri n g hi m
,
n o w b e g n p e In cg I am
n - .
’
,
n o t but c herin g him m iH n n -p e In m cg I am about to but c her .

,
him n -p e In d cc I sh all but cher him h cgn n -p e In eg k t

’ ’ ‘ ’
.
, In c .
,
I shall n o t butc her h im tomorrow .
—d ec to be but c hered = - d to be h i -d cc
peI n , p eI n n [ cc ] e g p eI
cc , n , .
,
he is already but chered t p eI n d a -dei

n Q H I s aw a
-b .
’
,
butchered an telope t a se idl ci-p eIn d a g cc d é i-b Q H I saw the .

’ ’ ’
,
butc hered an telope herd .

‘
-
(p e Ing cc punc t n e g ; p eIn d e it cc to be but chered
’ ’
p eI n
n , .
, ,
=
p e I
n -d cc
[ p e In to but c her ; d oc to be ] ,
h e ig cc p e In d e it cc it , .
’
,
will be butc hered h e ig cc p eInn he is already but chered h ccn .

,
.
p eing cc he is n o t but c hered

’
.
,
p eI
- n -h H pa n o c ha’
, ho n ey sugar an yth i n g sweet , C p pQI n h H -d cc
, , . .
’
,
to be sweet ; e t c .
-H -d cc in an II sugar c an e [ sugar sti ck]

( ; p e Inh H
’ ’ ’
h
’
p ei n H .
“
.
-d cc to be sweet d cc to be i - -d cc ’‘
h [ ] i h
’ ‘ ’
p eI n H , y e m a c; I p eI n H ,
.
g ,
they are both sweet .
p eI n h H -k
QHn
- ’
c ho ‘
c olate [ bla c k pa n o c ha, ] p eI n h H -k
Q Hn .
’ ‘
Q H I s aw the c ho c olate
—b
n ,
.
h -p e ndl an II -pou t —d cc ho n ey bee [ hon ey bug]

(
’ ’
p eI n H ; p eI n h H .
, .
-S
p eI Q H
-d cc in an II
( -S
; p e I Q Hn foxtail plan t [ tur key grass]
.
“
, .
p e i YH (
—S D a n II -
; p eI y H d cc
s - . quail [little turkey] ’
,
.
- iH in K ec a - iH -t o n ’ ’ ‘
p p g prsn ,
.
i -t ei di an II -t ei t -d ec hip [ un explain ed ]
( i
‘ ’
p H ; p H .
,
.
Pig ; food meal =

pf n
)
11 [ P P
C O to
;
e a t l C P k h
YH I H p i
3
' - fl °
8
1
Q ’
g ,
breakfast ; k iH s ec-p IH dinn er ; tei-p IH supper ; ccg cc-p iH buffalo ;

‘
, ,
’
g
’
,
e tc .
-
p IH eI h H - d cc I have n othi n g to eat ’
-h
p IH eI n ,
.
13 8 BU RE AU OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY
they had n othing to eat
d a m eI ,
’ ’
. m iH n
’
H-p IH-a m H, I am
going to go to eat (app to meal -go ) . .
T ie , ap p . fish , in E r ie . fish . or . V
pI H cm-
-’
tou e kit chen [food make room]
g
’
,
.
p IH
-n an II
( ; p IH
-d ec gopher Cp pi nn t H h e I d a dei mole
.
,
. .
’ ’
,
.
p IH n t H h eI d a dei (
’
a n II ; p i H n t H h eI é i-d a dei d ’
; p IHd ec t H h eI .
’ ’ ’
, .
’
’
ci-d a g cc mole [ blin d gopher]
’
,
.
-tou e in an I
( ) dining room [m eal roo m ]
’
p IH .
,
.
*
p IH to prepare food impl ied in -c m -tou e ki t chen
p IH g ,
’ ’
,
.
- H -d a in an II eating table C t k u cct

(
’ ’
pI ; p IH
“
H . . .
writing table .
p IH n
—
(in a n III ) food =
p IH tei k iaep IHn e Ih a d e i k iH
.
, , .
‘ ’ ’ ’
d dc give us today our daily bread (lit food ) ! .
p IH
-R oup to lay f e e d feed
, [ koup to lay t p lo] t s e I S Q Hn , ,
.
-Roup I gave hay to the horse

y H p I(H) e I Q H y H cg I
n - C t n n- ’
p s S ,
. .
,
han ded or gave the horse some h ay t s eI S Q Hn y H n- koup I gave .

,
the horse some hay .
pou (an II ; pou-g oc t pl ; pou in

. beaver = t Q H-d Q Hm d e i ,
.
,
‘ ’
[ Tewa O - o beaver
y ] C
’
p pou - u ccnh o u d l muskrat
g ,
. .
,
.
P ou-b o u dl -H -EiH (an II ; Pou -b o u dl-H —g oc ’

Pueblo m an [un e x .
’ ’
,
plain ed ; -kiH ] Cp Te igu ec-E H also given as meanin g Pueblo . .

,
m an .
pou -d oc to be pit marked [ d cc to be] Cp

, strawberry lit ,
. . pou cig oc
-’
, , .
pit-marked fruit ; t H dl -k ou p-d cc to have s mallpox ‘ ’

,
.
pou-dl (an II ; pou-t -d cc t pl pou-dl in . bug worm vermin ,

.
, , ,
[ pou as in Tewa p II -v
H worm bug]
’
, ,
.
-pou-dl in m cgn-p o u dl -t cct g cc to sn ap fingers [ t cctg ec to shoot] ’

,
’
,
.
-a -k ece
d l (in an mem bran e of m eat c o nn ec ti v e tissue
’ ‘
p o u .
,
[p o u dl -a u n explai n ed ;
-k cce skin
’
]
‘
,
.
p o u dl -Ea -t cc
e ( an II ; p
’
o u dl g
-k a t a -d cc ’
pin ac ate [greasy sleek
.
’ ’
,
bug : -k a as in l a -n greas e ; -t cg e = t cge to be smooth] Cp

’
i
’
,
’
,
. .
p oue-t ec e n it
‘
g
’
,
.
-k iH -dei pou -k iH -dou -

dl ( di p ) worm that bores holes in wood
‘ ’
p o u ,
-dei un explain ed
[
’
k iH ] ,
.
pou di-p t bug hole -p iH -t hole]

‘
,
‘
, .
p o u dl -s
yH (n an II ; p o u dl -s a d cc
y sm all b ug .
g
’
,
pou-e 1 prohibitive parti cle used with fut an d rarely wi th curs ;

, . . .
2 additio n al parti cl e then again also [ cp Tewa -p i n e g ]

.
, , ,
.
,
.
poue H-h o udl d ec do n t kill him = poue H-hou d t ! poue

’ ’
,
’
,
’
’
H-g u ocd cc do n t hit h im ! = poue H-g u cch H ! ’
,
2 n -goup
’ ’
.
g oc n -ece - goup g o c poue n

’
-cce -goup I hit him an d hit him
,
’
,
again an d then again .
pou-e i g oc (in an II ; pou-e i

’
— s trawberry [ pit- marked frui t
.
“ ’
,
pou as in pou-d oc to be pit marked] , .

14 0 B U RE A U OF AMERI C AN ET HN OLOGY
p cc-e (p ae to get lost
t ec , ’
p c c e H -t Q Hn I got lo s t .
’
H- ’ ’ ’
,
in the woods - cce I lost it I shall lo s e it m Hy H

éIp éI
’ ' ’ ’
.
,
. . I
t s e Ih IH H- pcce the woman lost her dog

’
,
.
Pa -e idl Rio G ran de [ big river]

’ ’
,
.
Pa -e idl - s y Hn Pe c os river [little Rio G ra n de]

’ ’
.
,
p n
a
’
fresh n ewbor
,
n e i-a
p n, roasting ears of c orn lit .
’ ’
, ,
.
fresh ears iH -pa n baby lit fresh c hild .

’ ’
, ,
. .
p pH
a - t
’
l c o ’
n flue n c e H -
a m Hp p a - Ht l -cc I am o
g .
’ ’ ’ ’
,
in g t o go to the c o nfluen c e .
- Ht
’
l -dou ’
to flow together form a c o nfluen c e ’
p p
a , , .
- dl -dou the two c reeks j oin eac h other ’

p t
’
a H ,
.
p p p
a - H a-
’
d H (app
’
in a n
’
I ) moo n shi n e [p p d H shin e of sun or
H a - . .
,
’
,
moo n] .
p a -
’
sou -t
(a n II ; p a - sou
_
-t - oc t l
g p ; p .a -sou -t in thun der ’
,
.
’
[ u n explai n ed ] Hp n - a s o ut . it is thun derin g ’ '

’
.
p a s c u t -s a -n (in an III ) toadstool [ thun der s ex cremen t]

’ ’ ’
.
, .
-c
pg p
’
cc
,
referr in g
g
to
’
middle in k ou -
pgo i n the midd l e ; k
- ou - e
pg ,
‘ ’
,
‘
’
e
— gu oc through the, m i d dl e of -
; pg e n
c - - in the mid dl e of pa ’
,
’
h I H-dei half dollar [ Tewa p i-Ij heart middle ; p i-Ia-g e in the

’
, , , ,
middle] .
- c -c in ccdl - e ec ucc a (-root ) soap lit h ead washer

’ ’ ’
pg g pg y g , , , . .
Rn s e
o -’
f u t 3
; 1 5s0 to wash [ t s re
oe a wa t er ;
-0 c
’
,
’
.
un explain ed ; - ci c ausative] Cp pcg cg-m H wa s hwoman ; adl

’ ’
.
,
.
,
pcg og yu c c a soap d ei I am goin g to wash m y

’
.
, ,
self t s eIh IH n . I am going to wash my d o g t s eIh IH

“
n p g ge- c c I wa s hed ’
my dog ,
t s h
eI IH H - c c wash yo u r dog !
pg g .
’ ’
,
ccdl-
’
n d ei I am goin g to wash my head or hair .
pg g H (
c
’
c -
m an I ; p g g He
c e -m - m cg . washwoma n cc dl - c c-
’
p g gm H , ,
’ '
’
.
- c- -
pg e n
’
in the middle of,
in t - o
H p g en
n vertex ; t o n - c
p g egu H ,
’
,
’
,
c heek referring to middle ; -ci ; -n ] ’

.
pge -n (p gc n d c c to braid (e g hai r ) C p

-
pa d cc braid
’
,
. . . .
’
,
.
a d cc d ei-p an d a I am going to braid my hair [ Tewa p é -Ij

’ ’ ’
, ,
to braid] .
pa I H-b
’
- dei half
’
- dollar 0
[1 3
3 as,
in k ou p g in the middle half ;
-c ’ ‘ ’
, ,
- h I H real ; dei]
’
, .
- -d ec in an II - c - d l - - braid (of hair ) in

( p ; p n in
’
pa ; pg n c c .
, .
,
Ky H e -p egh -lEiH T rm -ic n-Bi H C hin aman ; ccdl -pa d cc braid of , g ,

’ ’
,
hair [ peg-n to braid] .
-hei adv in the mid dl e as k ou the dd e

m ; hei]
i - i i l - ‘ ’
pge , [p g e
.
, n pg e n , ,
.
t Q Hn pge h e i
‘
H -h t I wen t right through the water ’ ’
,
.
- H- dl i m -3H dl rubbish pile ’

p
‘ '
n a 1 , .
p H -e - oc
’
g punc t ne g ; pH e go up c urs ; pH e d e id cc fut .
’
,
.
’ ’
,
.
p H e d e i
’
1 to fight
, ; 2 in c omp to ac t C p d a - H e cc to
.
p g . . . .
’ ’
,
sing ; kou t to wrestle lit to stro ng-figh t ; kout-pH e n -kiH , .

’
,
wrestler ; ky H e b H to take c are of ; k o up e id l-pH e g ec to g e t ‘ ’

,
3 4 3 3 13 3 4 3 3 1 VOC ABULARY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 14 1
angry at ; t
‘
o u dl— ’
H e g cc, p to c ohabit w ith ; S a dei ’
-
pH e g cc,
’
to work ;
etc .
-
d ei H e
’
p g cc, I fought d é i . I am goin g to
fight .
p ei-t -n several fall SS correspon den t o ut n

,
Cp . .
’ — . .
-’
‘
p eH Q H
pe it n to bleed at nose , n - e it
p n they t pl fell (e g .
,
. . .
from roof to groun d ) .
p ei—t H ‘ ’
to laugh [ p ei un explain ed ;
H ’
I laughed H I S hall laugh .
’
.
pi n (a n I ; p iH -
p . sister (woma n speaki n g ) Cp t ogt S ister ,
. .
’
,
(m an speakin g ) .
p iH adv,
dow n dow n stream.
,
C p p iH -dei down ,
. .
,
.
H a m H I am going to go downstream
-’ = p i ei H-a m H ,
’
.
—dei adv dow do stream A lso used as i dow

pi H ,
n w n .
, p o st p [ p H n ; ,
. .
,
-d ei] H e —pn cc weep ing will ow lit downward (turn ed )

’
, ,
. .
will ow ; fii e i H-a m H I am goin g down down stream ’

, ,
.
- iH -dei down downstream Also used as adv

p po st p , .
, ,
. .
—p i ei H -
a mH I am goin g down river
’ ’
p a .
-dei- adv from waist down i -dei down - C - -dei

[p ; p]
’
p iH p ,
n .
, p m H H ,
. .
,
from waist up .
p i ei-tsou p o st p down p p -i it H -t S n I c am e ’ ’
‘
a,
e s o u H .
,
.
from down river .
Q
p
- (in an
II ) temple lit ball p cc H t -
- bH -
cc H t -b H -e
’ ’ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
p cc H .
, p .
, ,
-H t as in t -dou - ball u explai ed - -dl ‘

[p
’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
ec p cc p cc H p ; p cc n n ; H ,
H -t
’
ro und] Cp p cc-H t -doup ball . .
‘ ’
, .
-H t -b H in an II temple -b H
( ) ]
‘ ’
p ec .
,
.
-H t -b H -e in an II temple -b H -
( )
’ ’
p ec ; ci] .
, .
p
‘
cc— H t- dou’
-
p ( in a n II ; p cc-H t -dei d l
p ; p c c-H t -dei in .ball ‘ ’
, .
' ’
(of shi nn y baseba ll e t c ) [p cc

,
-H t ball p cc p cc-H t temple ; , .
‘ ’
,
’ ‘ ’
-dou— ]
p .
p
‘
cc t
‘
e i-
pQ H
-ki H
(a n I p cc t e i-
pQHg
- oc ball umpire [ball .
‘ ’
,
in spec tor] .
-p cc -e in tei - cce all

‘
p
‘
,
.
— cc—h o u dl hairy in t
'
- cch o u dl to be hairy-legged m n - cch o u d l ’ ’ “
p QHp , , ; H p , ,
lion lit hairy above [p a body hair ; -hou-dl in ten sive]

, .
‘ ’
, .
-t -d cc in an II -dl d l body -hair fur

( i
‘ “ ‘ i ’
p cc ; p c c p ; p a n .
,
.
, ,
fuzz ; also inclu din g beard—hair as in S eIri beard-hair ;

f So u dl —p a t d a arm pit hair ; but n ever appli e d to t S Q Hk a t feather
’
,
’
,
down or to a d cc head hair [ Tewa fo hair] Cp p a n body

,
’ ’
, , . .
‘ ’
,
hairs ; bei dl -p a pubic hair p oct d cc

‘
d é i-b Q H I saw o ne
’
.
“
,
body hair p ccdl n t -b Q H I s aw the fur .

‘
, .
p a
‘
pr
’
o pou n d form of p c c-t -d cc body hair
“
, .
-p a
’
in
’
ccn - a - oc heel
p g
’
g
‘ ’
, .
1 42 B U RE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY
p
‘
a b Q Hn
’
( p
’
an fur .
-crook
; se e Moo n ey
II ; pp ‘
a -b Q H-d ec,
’
, .
4 1 5 —4 1 6 -b Q Hn as in b Q Hn-d cc to be ben t b Q H n -n to be ben t]

’ ’ ’
.
, , ,
p
‘
a -
n
’
(in a n III ; p a —
n in body
. hair fur wool fuzz ‘ ’
, , , ,
velvet [cp p a-t —d cc body hair] Cp H k IH .

‘
stamens ,
. .
’ ’ ‘
,
lit flower fuzz . t s e Ih IH dog fur . .
p
‘
a n
-H dl a - oc in an
’
g (
’
II ; p a n
’
pea c h ; apri c ot .
’ ’
[fuzz plum] .
p
’
a - li ou -dei
’
(a n II ; p a -ko u—dou -
p measuri .ng worm [ p a
‘ ’
,
‘ ’
body-hair ; lie u-dei said to refer to going like a measuring worm] ,

.
-d cc s c raper for hide fur s raper fur t -d cc

'
‘ ’
-t
( ) [
‘ ’
p a QH s ,
c : p a ; QH ,
scraper] Cp t -t Q H-d cc S kin s c raper . .

,
.
‘
p cg pun c t n e g ; p a m H c urs ; fut .
‘
g
’
. .
fut ne g ; p cg . to stan d up Cp p ege to erec t ; p cc-k Q Hm

‘
,
. .
‘
,
‘
g
’ ’
,
dei to st an d H I am about t o stan d up h egn

‘
’
. .
,
H ’
I am no t goin g to stan d up H-b Q H I .
’
keep stan din g up all the time k i e idl H-p cg I stood up yes .
‘ ’ “
,
t e rd ay k i e idl h ogu H I did no t stan d up yes terday

‘ ’
. .
’ - c stan d up ! poue‘
m do sta d ! hei t b H - ’ ‘
m
sI p g cI
,
n o t n p cg ,
let us stan d up !
‘
-
p eg e fut ; p ge c to ere c t [p c c to sta n d ; e i c ausa
- .
‘
,
‘
g , ,
tive] n . I am goi n g to sta n d hi m up n p ge- e .

i
,
I stood him up H-p cge peidei stan d him up ! Et I H ts ei

.
’ ‘
,
’
p a k cgn d cc n
’
eg t s eI
-tou n - tou e n ’
if the m an brings ’ ’ ’
hi s horse I am goin g to put him in the barn for him ,

.
-
p a
‘
in H ’
-s a - cc -t
p a I have return ed from defe c atin g
’ ’ ‘
g
’
,
.
‘
-hei adv’
app traight t - h i H -ht I wen t ‘ ‘ ’ ’
c c QH n
'
p g
s ,
.
, p cc e . .
g ,
straight thr ough the water -= t eH-k o u pege-gu (oc) H-h t ,

‘ ‘ ’
.
‘
p a QH
-k ’
m to sta n d = dei ’
, to sta n d up ;
-k
Q H m to be about] ,
’
, .
H I am stan ding = H-dei

’
,
’
.
p H -d cc-iH
‘
twi n [p H -d cc explain ed as meanin g right together e g
’
,
‘
, . .
like two f o re fin g e rs held together ; w p H cp possibly p H .

’
.
’
together ; iH dim ] m Hy IH o u e id e i p H d cc iH é In-d ec that ’

, .
’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
,
woman has twins .
-dl in t a - H dl buffalo bull

pp
‘ ‘
p H , .
- H -e in ci- H e c orn c ul tivator

‘ ’ ‘
p p .
p H
‘
-t -
n pun c t n e g ; p H y H c urs p t e it cc fut .
‘ ’
, .
’ ’
, .
fut n e g ; p t e i to c ease ba ck out ; al so as

.
‘
, ,
c essative verbal p o s t p o u n d ] H-a m H T e ih Hn e I-gu oc n e I ’ ’

.
h e ig cc y H - Ht I was in ten ding to go to Texas but I ba cked

‘
p n , ,
out Et I H Hn-d a -p H t n the m an quit sin ging

.
’ ’ ’ ‘
, .
p H -t -
‘
n (p H -t - a -t
g fin e thi n
‘
[ p
c possibly - -
p H n in t eIn
’
, , .
‘
p Hn un iden tified in tern al organ of b uff al o ] to

‘
Cp p H
‘
, . .
grin d fin e ; p H -S y Hn small ; t e rn sleet li t fine ic e

‘ ’
, ,
. .
t Q Hk u cct n -p H t n it is a thm book p H t n n t -b Q H I s aw ‘

, .
‘
,
the drygoods lit the thin stuff , . .

to be cloudy sei p Hn rain cloud p H n
.
-t
Hc a white p- '
,
.
‘
,
cloud ; but p Hn- s a h y e i the blue S ky (n o t a blue cloud ) -b H

‘ ’ ‘
p H n , .
,
p s n
‘
-b e i in the s k y; but
, He n -m
e p s n -m
ee p s n -m m
s in ,
‘
,
‘
,
heaven above the S ky t H Ena dl p H n—b e i the s tars are in (or

,
.
’ ‘
,
al o n g ) the S ky t he is heave p H n b QH
- ’
-m ‘ ‘
p H n He ec I n n n
‘
,
. .
,
1 I s aw the cloud ; 2 I s aw the S ky

. . .
-p H
-n stated to mean thi n in t n -
‘
, e I p H n u n ide n tified in tern al organ ‘
,
[ cp possibly p H t n fin e thin]
‘
.
, ,
.
‘
p H n -e m
g n
’
to cloud up [p H n as in , p H n -d cc to be cloudy
]
‘ ’
, .
m iH n p Hn I t is about to cloud up
‘
.
‘
-d ec to be cloudy as i - cm to cloud up ; d oc to ‘
[p
“ ’
p H n ,
H n n p H n g n , ,
be] I t is going to be cloudy

‘
.
p Hn
‘
p H n
- ’
(in a n III ) 1 bloom (o n fr u i t ); 2 . t o u -t e it d cc fa c e ,
. .
‘
,
powder [c p p H-e dust ; pn y

. H n t -b
‘
Q H I s aw the , ,
bloom ai-p H -ku ecdl they have bloom o n them (said of a bun ch
.
’ ‘ ’
,
of grapes ) .
-Ei H -t to be pu ckery un explain ed it is

[ ]
‘ ’
p H n , n .
pu c kery-tastin g .
eI seven p Hn S eI ky Hh y o up seven m e n
‘
-n -S “ ’ ’
p H , .
p Hns eI , .
SH e S even years
,
.
°
-d e u in seven pla c es
p H cI
n s ,
.
‘
—k iH seven ty ‘
p H eI
n s .
p Hns e I n se v en by seven
‘
— .
,
‘
-n -dei the seven th
p H eI
n s ,
.
p H e I H seven teen
‘
n s -t ‘
.
,
-ou three Tewa

p yé three] p H O u Ey Hh y o up thr ee
’ ’
[ o - ‘ ’ ’
p H , ,
.
,
p Ho u S H e three years
‘ ’
m en .
,
.
-dl seven in an O ld K iowa c ou n t

( )
‘ ’
p H o u ,
.
-Eo u three in an O ld Kiowa c oun t

( )
‘ ’
p H o u ,
.
iH th ir ty
’
’
—k
’
p H o u ,
.
‘
p H o u k
’
IH p H t H
‘
th ir t y
- o ne
’ ‘
,
.
'
-t three by three
’
p H o u , .
‘
t
’
-dei the third
p H O u ,
.
‘
-t -dou in three pla c es
’
t -dou H- dei they stan d ‘ ’ ’
p H o u p H
,
o u .
,
In three pla c es t -dou d ei-b

Q H I saw all three of them
‘ ’
p H o u .
, .
‘
t -dou ki
’
l he lives in thr ee pla c es
p H o u ,
.
-t
H thirteen
’ ’ ‘
p H o u ,
.
- a -d e i the thir d -dei t So u

n Q H I s aw
-b
‘ ’ ’ ° ’ ’
p H o u y p H y o u a , .
,
the third sto n e = f So u p Ho u-y a d e i n -b Q H ,

‘ ’ ’
.
’
p H
-tou —
’
p ( in a n II -
; p H t o u dl c ra dl e [ app p H p H to be
.
‘ ’
,
.
'
,
‘ ’
tied ; w -toup cp tou-p handl e or tou—p d pl t o udl c oun ting

. .
, , ,
.
,
sti ck] Cp t Q HlEcce . old-time cra dl e

.
“
.
‘
p H
-t S e i
’
p to lo c k up [ t S,
e i-
p to lay o n e ] H -
p j t So u lo c k him ,
.
’ ‘ ’
up ! n I lo ok e d hi m up n I shall .
lo c k him up .
3 3 3 3 3 43 3 3 3 ] VOCABULA RY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 145
p ci
“
(in an
III ) vul va [cp possibly p p out n avel] p ci-bei t -d cc
.
,
.
“
ci—
“
, .
“
( in a n II ; p .c i-beidl d l
p ; p c i-bei dl in c omp
“
labium ,
.
“
. .
p e ib e idl a ko ub e i at pubic regio n of woman

”
“ ’
.
,
p ei—p (in an
“
_
bush [ Tewa fé stick plan t] Cp OCdl -p eip -dei
.
, ,
. .
’ “
,
p e rsn bush head.

,
“
.
p ci-p in p cip t He to be gray “

, .
p e p t He
“
i to be gray , [ p c i-
p un explain ed ; t He to be whi te] , .
-s cch e i to be grayish blue s cch e i to be blue

[ ]
“
p e i t
p He y y , ,
.
p eip -t e In e j-g u ccdl (an II ; p cip t e in e I-g u cct -d ec t pl b ird sp [red

“
.
“
, .
bush bird]
p ei—p a f-d cc (in an II ; p ei-p ccdl d pl ; p ei-p ccd l in
“ “
. pubic“ “ “
,
.
“ “
hair of woman .
P ei-p cct -kiH white m an opprobrious term based o n B eidl-p cct -IEiH
'
“ “ “
, , ,
white m an [pubic hair m an] .
p ei-p ou -t (in an II ) n avel [w p ei c p possibly p ei v ul va -p ou -t

“ “
.
,
.
“
.
“
,
“
,
un explain ed] Cp p e ip o u t-k cce n avel c ord . .

“ “ “
,
.
t -k ece in an II avel ord avel S ki

( ) [
“
]
“ “
p e i p o u n c n n .
,
.
-p ei-dl in k a - e idl flat [ Tewa fci i fi - i flat]

“ “ ’ “ ‘
— '
p g g , , ,
.
p i
“
H (a n II ; p iH -d cc
.
p iH - oc t l
g p ; p iH i
“
n porc upin e ,
“
,
.
“
[ explain ed by an old Kiow a as referring to the arc hed shape of

the porc upin e ; cp p iH -g oc hill] Cp p iH -t Q Hn porc upin e quill .
“
,
. .
“ “
, .
p i
“
H (in a n III ; p iH in . fir e [ Tewa f e fire ]
“
C p p iH -d cc ‘
,
. .
“
,
fire e I the fire is smoky

i t -H e S “ ’
.
p H n , .
p i
“
H (in a n I ; p iH in . vei n C p t
“
eI p
n - iH heart vein
; . .
“ “
,
a - iH thigh vein
’ “
i H -b iH n iH -e idl a large vein “ “ ’
p p , p p .
, , .
-d ec stat n e to be heavy Cp p iH
g ; p iH in
“
(p
“ “ ’ “
p i H i H ,
. . .
cgm n
’
to be c ome heavy , H I p
m - iH you are too hea v
y .
’ “
, .
h ogh H Im
’
you are no t too heavy doue p iH it is too .
“
,
heavy eId e i t So u e idl p iH this big sto n e is heavy p iH it is

.
’ ’ “
,
.
“
,
heavy ky Hh I H-p iH -dei n -b Q H I s aw a heavy m an EYHh I H

.
’ ’ “
,
.
’ ’
p n ec d ei-b Q H I s aw heavy m e n
“
,
.
P iH p re p o un d form of p iH p iH d cc fire
‘ .
“ “
f
—
, ,
.
P iH pr o poun d form of p iH vein

:I “
,
.
d form of - oc hill
o
. “
H u n iH
I
P I r
p p e o p g ,
.
p I H pre po un d form of p iH to be heavy

o
'
f “
, .
p I H in p iH hout referrin g to flying

0
A “
— .
p IH -n y H to be c ome heavy
n
H-p iH -cg m H I am going to
o
’ ’ “ ’
.
, ,
be too heavy h cgn H-p iH I am no t g o ing to be too
”
’ “
.
heavy .
P iH —b Q H prsn of Mr Light said to mean light b right [ app p iH

“ “
.
, .
, , .
,
fir e ; - b Q H referring to light] Mr Light s other n ame is P ccdl d e i ’

, . .
,
Sin ger .
-d ec in an II p iH d l omp -
(
“
i i i fi [p fi d cc]
“ “ “
p H ; p ; p H n. c r e I H re , . .
, , .
C p h a -p i . cc stove kiH b cc firewood fire P iH -b Q H prsn

g
’ “
, .
, , .
“
, .
146 B U RE A U or AM E RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (am . 84
p i
“
H -
g u ocdl , p
“
H - seidl brown ,
.
p i
“
oc d é i-
b ou, I s aw a fire .
p
“
iH - in n ,
the fire .
-d o m
(in an III ) fireplac e
fire ; d ogm , earth , groun d ] [p iH
“
i
“
p H g .
,
.
p
“
iH -d H t -
n (p
“
iH -d H t -
g a
’
-t , ridged [p
“
iH hi ll ;
-d H -dl d H -
t
referrin g to stan din g up ; n ] As n oun p i H tg oZt (in an II ;
- “ ’ “
. .
p i
“
H tn ,
muskm elon , lit ri dged o ne . .
p
“
iH -
g oc (i n a n II ; p
“
iH ,
d l
p ; p
“
iH in . hi ll [ Tewa 3 - moun
1 1 r), .
tain] Cp p iH t n , ridged koup , moun tain b ocdl h oc , hill

“
.
- .
’
. . .
p
“
iH - the hou
y oc
’
tou
s e stan ds o n top of the hill t se idl , .
“
-t H e H-h i lt oc I am goin g to go up to the top of the hill ’
“ ’
p iH , .
p i H
“
- oc H
y
-t
a I have been up o n the hill
’ ’
,
.
p i
“
H - u ocdl
g (p iH - u oct -d oc
g brow “
n [ app p i H fire ; gu ccdl ; red] ,
.
“
.
Cp p iH -sei dl bro wn
“
.
,
.
i
“
H -hou -t referri n g to fly in g in iH h o u t - h ogn d e ig oc flyin g ma c hin e ;
“
p p , ,
p i H
“
h o u t to fly about ; p i H h o u t -k iH b oc to fly away e t c
;
“ “
, .
[p iH
“
u n explai n ed ; w -hou—t c
p possibly -hout-
H] (distan t shower ) . .
,
c omes .
i
“
H h u t -h o n d e i— oc (in an II iH h u t - h o n d e i fl in g ma hin e “
p o g g ; p o g y c .
,
h
[ g o n d e i someth in g thi
,
n g - oc
; g ] ,
.
ou m to fly about [ p iH h o u t referrin g to flying ; hou

“
iH h u t -h o uk ’ “
p o ,
to travel ; -k ou m to be about] k u cct o ub oc t ou-t H e ci

’
. .
“ “ ’
p iH h o u t
“
the birds are flying above the water .
p iH h o u t
“
to fly away [p iH h o ut referrin g to flying ; k iH b oc “ “
,
to walk off fly away] - iH h o ut -k iH b oc he the bir d

ei p ( )
’ “ “
m ,
.
,
flew away .
-d oc to proj e c t
i t [p iH h o u t referring to flying ; d oc to be]
“
h
“
p H o u , , .
é i-d ocm p iH h o ut -d oc there is a poin t of lan d (proj e c tin g in to the

’ “
—
,
lake ) .
-1E - - ou - - c ran e sp [ app p iH

'
i p ( II i k p “
“ “ ’
p H o u a n ; p H g 6¢ t .
, . .
heavy ; -ko u-p unexplain ed] ,

.
p
“
i H -s e i-dl brown app
[ , p i H fi r e -
; seidl un explain ed] Cp p iH .
“
, . .
“
g u ocdl bro wn , .
p i
“
H -t fut ; p i l to w i pe brush .C p f -
dc p t
“
, ,
. .
“
,
to sweep ; s e in-p t -d oc handkerchief ; p He-p t -d oc whisk broom “

,
“ “
,
.
d ei-p t I w iped it off d ei “

,
I shall wi pe it off . .
- i
“
-t hole i dl - t bug hole b dl - t dow n in a
“ “
p H ,n p o u p , ; o u p n , ,
hole [ Tewa fo hole] Cp possibly t H -p t to be o n e -eyed app ‘

, . .
’ “
, ,
.
to be eye-holed .
i
“
-d oc to foam d cc to be t -d oc the water is
[
“
]
“
p , t ou p ,
.
,
foaming .
p i
“
H -t -
n (in a n III ; p iH -t in foam
. C p p i -d o<
p t
“
. .
“
,
“
fiu ocdl to foam t t -b
ou I s aw the foam
“ ‘
, p n gy I . I ,
.
t
“
-I€u ocdl to foam fiu oc—dl several lie i -k dl
[
“ “
p , ] t Qu p u oc , .
,
the water is foaming .
Q u (app in an I ) beer [ foam water]

i
“
-t “
p . .
, .
B URE AU OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLO GY [ B ULL . 84
p
“
o u dl—lE
iH ( p liar (male )
an . I; “
o u dl -g oc, .
p
“
o u -e i n p “
oue -f e idl —’
H d ld H
’
- u ocn to t urn somersa ul t
g , .
p oue t og e (an I ; p oue

“
- ’ “
n it [ app smooth louse]
. . .
p oue t e idl H dl d H g u ocn , to turn somersaul t [ p ou-e un explain ed

“
- - ’
- “
t e i dl , butto cks ; H dl d H
- - - H dl d H ba ckward ; gu oc-n , to j ump]
’ ’ ’
— .
d é i p oue t e idl H dl d H -g u ocn , I tur n ed a somersaul t

-
“ ’ ’
— — .
p ou k og n , to be ven ter of win d [p ou as in p ou t octg oc, to break

“
- ’ “ “
- “
wind ; k og n , app ex c essive usitative]

- ’
. .
p ou koct d oc, to be syphilitic [p ou un explain ed ; w -koc-t c p -kiH

“
— - “
. .
in t o u dl kiH , to have ven ere al d isease ; d oc]

- Hp o u koct -d oc, I
-
’ “
.
have syphilis .
p ou-En y H to lasso [p ou trap sn are ; En y H to throw]

“
,
“
, , , .
n ein-p o u -k i oc I am going to lasso him y i e i m ein-p ou

“ ’ “
,
. .
ki ot I am goin g to lasso both b eit -p ou-E i oc I am going to “ ’

.
, ,
lasso them (t pl c attle ) . .
p ou—EiH -y H e -b oc (in an I ) lasso [p o u 1iiH pre p o un d form of p o uki

'
“ “ “
.
,
Hn to lasso ; y H e -b oc rope]
, ,
.
p ou-p (fin ely ) spotted Cp p o up-d oc to be s potted ; kQ -p o up

“
,
. .
“
,
’ “
,
bob c at ; t ou e-ku oct (c oarsely ) spotted ’

t s eih iH-p o up gy rr ,
.
“ ‘
b ou I s aw a spotted dog
,
.
-d oc to be spotted d cc to be H — ou - oc I am spotted
p [ ] p d
“ ’ “
p o u , p ,
.
, .
p ou-p H to be tied in a bun dl e [p ou referrin g to bein g in a bun dl e ;

“ “
,
“
to be tied -p ou- -dei

ou I saw the
t -b “
]
“ “ ’
p H , n p H n .
,
bundl e .
p ou-sou
“
( p ou -so u d e id oc to weave [p ou un explain ed ;
“ ’
,
“
app sou . to sew] k oc d oc d ei-p ou-s o u d e id oc I am .

“ ’ “ ’
,
going to weave a blan ket .
-p ou-t in t o u—p out shade

“ “
, .
-p o
“
u -t in p ei- p out n avel “ “
,
.
p ou-t e i to trap [ to trap c at ch : p ou trap ; t ei to c at ch]

“ ’
,
“
,
’
,
.
n —p ou —t
ei I trapped “
hi m n -p ou -t d oc I shall trap hi m
ei
’
,
.
“ ’
, .
H-p ou t e i h o u go an d trap him !

’ “
— ’
,
p ou-t-n to be bloated ; as n (in an III ) gas o n stomac h [w p ou-t

“
,
. .
, .
“
cp p ou.
-dl -e i to “
blow -
; n ] ,
.
p ou-t octg oc to ven t win d [p ou as in p ou-k og u ; t octg oc to shoot]

“ “
,
“ “ ’ “
, .
d ei-p ou-t oct g oc I ven ted win d

“ “
.
,
p ou t -t H dl-H e to kn ot (at e n d ) [ un explain ed app H e to go]

“ “
,
.
’
,
.
t e ig oc t d e I
’
I kn otted the thread at the e n d .
-p o
“
u y iH y
-iH in t n
Qu p
- o u iH -
y y iH to be swallow -tailed [ u n
“
explain ed ;
“
,
-
iH ,
p ou
“
n referrin g to blood from n ose
ose ,
-
in p Q u Q u
’ “
.
“
-
p Q u h ou n -H -d oc (in an II ;
p ou
—
h ou n
’
(wild )
’
wal n ut tree .
“ “
-h
[p ou ou
“
—n un explained] .
“
h
p Qu Q u n - e i- oc in a n II
g ( ; p o uh ou n
’
-c i (wild ) w aliI u t n ut .
“ “ ’
, .
m um m y] VO C ABU LARY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 149
p Qu
“
-
n , p ay . Cp H l n -0
e e 5, to p ay .
p
“
9 1.m i
xi
-d oc
,
that is my
pay .
p QI to p ay [p can
m -oc to give] gr it - n 6 Moc
-
3d
“
“
, , p ay ; p (su
“ ’
I
am going to pay him .
n -
p
“
gun -cc
,
I paid him (also merely
c)
’
gy H 0 .
“
p Qu Qu referrin g to blood from n ose [p ou n ose ; Q u blood] in
-’ “ ’
,
p o u o
“
u —z e i
p to
’
bleed at n ose ; p ou ou
— e it
p n ,
to have blood fa ll
“ ’
,
fro m n ose .
p o
“
u Q u
- e it
p
’
n to have blood fall from n ose [ pe it n several
,
fall ] , .
cc-p ou Q u-f> e it n
’
blood fallin g from h is n ose
“ ’
,
.
“
p Q u ou
-z e
’
ip to bleed at n ose [ z e ip to flow], ,
.
” fut
F .
s oc (s oc gu
'
’
pun c t n e g s cct d cc c urs ;
’
cc, fut ; s a gu ccd cc
. .
,
.
’
,
.
n e g ; s oc imp ) 1 to put several In ; 2 to s e t ere c t several

,
.
,
So . .
, . .
c orrespo n den t i s tsei C -dl several are in ; several stan d ;

O
[ p s oc . .
,
Tewa sa sever al are (in position ) so a to p u t several]

‘ "
, , .
t -s oc I put them in
‘
h t -s cz u cc I did n o t put them in ’ ’
g n
n
’
gy I I , c g .
, .
t -bou- t d I put them i ll the time n t I shall

n
“
s cc c c n a , .
put them in h cgn n t I shall n o t put them in

. .
t -s oc put them in ! poue t do n t put them in ! heit ’

,
t -s oc let us put them in tou e-tsou n t -s oc I put them in the ’

,
.
,
house h Qc p iH -d oun n t -s oc I put them in to the stove t ou

.
'
’ “
, .
“
t Hng u cc n I am goin g to put water o n top of my head .
d ei I am goin g to put it (the toba c c o ) in (the pipe ) ; b ei-s oc ,
put it in
in s oc-dl food in the bo wel s ; s oc-t an imal ex c remen t ; s a -b H
’ ’
s oc s oc , , ,
ire c ac an d um ; s oc -n excremen t ; s cc-b oc to defec ate ; e t c [ Tewa ‘

’
,
’
, .
i ex c remen t sé -rj to
‘
sc , , ,
s oc sa to seat in s oc-e to seat ; s oc -n to seat o n eself [cp Tewa

’
, ,
’
, .
sé - g e to se at] ,
.
sa lar e augmen tative pre p o un d an d p o st p o un d in s oc-b iHn

’
g
s oc , , ,
large ; soc p Hn larg e; m ccn -s oc thumb lit big fin ger ; ou-s oc crop
- “
, , ,
’
,
of bir d lit b ig thr oat ; e t c [ Tewa so to be large]

, . .
, .
s oc in k iH -s oc m i dday [ possibly - large augm en tative]

“
s oc , , .
s oc in e it m ei-t so u dl-s oc winged an t ; pein -s oc-ou to be wise ;

’ ’ ’
, ,
f é o u dl -s oc-m H angel [possibly s oc t o put several in set several]

, , ,
.
s oc— cc-dl (in a n III ) m outh (referring to the c avity or n terior of the
’
.
i ,
mouth whereas beit -d cc refers to the lips ) [cp Tewa s o mouth] .

, .
C p s cc ccdl-ky H mouth ; an d po ss ibly s oc o u m hemorrhage

’
.
, , .
s cc ccdl n t -b ou I saw a mouth

’
, .
s oc-ccdl -n
’
(app an I ) mouth ( in ter n al c t bei dl.
-
n lips ) [s cc ccdl ; .
, , .
,
’
-b
ond oc let me look at your mouth !
- -
n ] dl ci
’ ’ ’
.s cc cc n m ,
cc—b iHn (s oc-b i H -d cc large -s oc large ; b iHn large] Cp , , . .
s ccy —e idl large ; the an t pl of sccy -e idl is app supplan ted by

, . . .
15 0 B U RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HN OLOGY (am . 84
s oc-
b -
iH d cc, also cp large . tou-s oc-b iHn
’
ei dl ; cp .
- “
soc p Hn, .
house
°
-b
n ou, I
s aw a b ig .
s ocdl (in an III ) food in the bowels [c p s oc-t an imal ex cremen t ;

.
, .
,
36 - n
8
ex c reme n t ; C p s ccd l -k oce leaf tripe Sccdl k cce -
; koup .
“
,
“
,
the B lac k H ill s .
s oc-dl pun c t n e g ; s cc t cc fut fut n e g ) several are

.
’ ’
,
. .
,
in ; to s tan d several [cp s oc to put several in ; to s e t several] Ss .

, . .
c orrespo n de n t is t s e idl II - they are inside h cgn ’ ’

s ccdl .
, .
H- s ccdl g cc they are n o t in side H-bou-s ccdl they are inside all the
’ ’ ’
, .
,
tim e II . they will be in side h cgn H

’ ’
they will .
’
no t be in side poue b H-s cc t cc cce don t ye be in the di tc h ! poue ’ ’ ’ ’

.
,
bH do n t ye be in that hole ! h H o u d e i gy ri -H t cch cc e -s ccdl

’ ’ ‘ ’ ’
,
they t pl have war bo nn ets o n y n y H t H-t ou-s ccd lg cc four

. .
’ “
,
legged creatures .
s ccd l-k cce (in a leaf tripe many plies Des cribed as an in tern al
“
n .
, .
organ of c attle whi ch has lobes like the leaves of a book [ un digested
food membran e] .
S ccdlk cce—koup L eaf-tripe Moun tains Kiowa n ame of the B la c k H ill s

“
, ,
of South D akota The Blac k Hill s were the home of the Kiowa .
in an early period of the m igrat io n s o f the tribe The n ame is '
given bec ause of the peculiar appearan c e of the B lac k H ill s resem ,
blin g the leaf tripe of the b uf f al o (see Moo n ey p 1 5 6 ) [food in ,

.
bowels membrane moun tain s] .
s oc-e blue green in t e ip-s oce ,

sunflower sp [s oc as In Tewa
,
“
.
t sg-wH to be blue green ; —e i] , Cp s oc-h y -e i blue green ,

. .
, , .
s oc-e (s cce d cc fut s oce to seat [s oc to seat ; -ci verb formative]

’
.
, ,
.
,
Cp s oc -n . to seat ; t ccd ccb

’
to seat
,
h e ig cc -s cce d cc
“ ’
.
’
,
I am goin g to seat him H-s oce seat him ! = H .

’
,
’
-s oc- e in pei - s oc-e- n (limb ) is asleep ,

.
s oc-e (s oc-e -gu oc to be swift [ oc Tewa cd to be swift ;

=
’ ’
s , ,
Cp cgn-t s H-s oc e to be a fast walker ; e t c H-s oc e I am

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
.
,
swift I am a swift runn er t s ei-s oc e n -b ou I s aw a swift horse

,
.
’
, .
ts ei ou I s aw t pl swift horses
-s cc e u cc d ei b ’
—
g ,
. .
s oc-h y -e i (s oc-h y -e i-g oc blue green [ s oc-e blue green ; -hei nue x
'
, , , ,
plain ed] .
s cch y e i e i-goup (in an

—’ 1 lettu c e ; 2 c u c umber [ green frui t pla nt ] . . . .
s cch y e i- t e in e i (an II ; s cch y e i-t e in o u-p bluebird [ blue b ird]

.
,
.
s oc-k oc h oc (an
— II ; s oc-k oc—h cc-e -gu oc . c row [ un explain ed ] Cp ,
. .
c s oc raven
’
,
.
s oc hemorrhage [ app big bleeding : -s oc large augmen tative ; .

,
’
Q u m
’
blood ; although
,
s oc as pos s ibly a p re p o un d form of s cc ccdl
’
,
mouth is al so to be thought of] ,

.
’
s cc ou m h H b H
’
to have a hem orrhage [h H b H as in k iHn -h H b H to
— ’
,
’ “ ’
,
c ough ] II -s cc oum - h H b e ip I have a hemorrhage ’ ‘ ’ ’

.
.
,
s oc—p H n large -
“
s oc large ; —
, p H
-n u n explain ed
] C p s oc-b
iH n large “
, . .
, .
15 2 B URE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ B ULL . 84
s cc d e i-
’
EiH ( an . I ; s cc d e i-g oc workm an ’
,
.
s cc d e i- H e
’
n p
’
(s cc d e i
‘
’
to work [ pH e n ’
, to ac t ] .
s a dei p H t n
’
- “
,
to stop worki g
n n t -s cc d e i-
p t .
’ “
e i, let us
stop workin g !
s cc -dei—d cc fut ; s ccd e id ccy iH to work [un e x .
’ ’
,
plain ed] Cp s ccd e i-b H to go to work ; s ccd e i-EiH workman ;

. .
’
,
’
,
s cc d e i work ; e t c EHHh I H n -b cH n I saw

’ ’ ’
.
,
the m an wh o w as working Ey Hh I H n -s cc d e id ccy iH -dei n .

’ ’ ’ ’
b cu I s aw the m an w h o had been workin g Ey Hh y o u p éit

’ ’
.
,
c d e id cc y iH -g oc d ei- b cII I saw the t pl m e n who had been working

’ ’
sc ,
. .
h cc t -s cc d e id cc h ave you been workin g ? ’

,
s H —tou (in a n I ) privy

’
.
,
.
sa - n
’
( i n an III ) ex c reme n t [ s a as in s cc -b oc to defe c ate
.
;
-
n ] ,
’ ’
, .
Cp pccs o u t -s cc n
. toad s tool lit Thu n der s exc remen t ; s oc-dl food ’
, , .
’
,
in bowels ; s oc-t an imal ex cremen t ; s cct -Rccn hard m an ur e ; s oc-b oc

’
, , ,
to defec ate ; t eit soft man ure ; e t c ,

.
s ct - (s cc d cc fut s oc imp to s eat o n eself sit down [soc sct to

’ ’ ’
n ,
.
, ,
.
, ,
seat ; —n ] b ei—s oc sit do wn ! d ei- s cc d cc I am going to ’ ’

.
,
sit down d ei -s a d cc
. I am goin g to sit o n the ’ ’
c hair h cc d é i s a n did I sit do wn ? ’

.
—
,
sa -
’
p c ac -t “
to ’
retu r n from defe c at in g,
- c un explain ed
p c ]
“ ’
, .
H-s oc —p cc -t a
’
I have already return ed from defe c atin g
’ “
.
s ct -p H (
’
n
“
in a n I ) a s hes [ un explai n ed w -
p H
-n c .
p possibly p Hn
-
, .
“
.
“
,
cloud sk y - dust
] p H n h eId e id cc I am going
- “ “ ’
p He , s cc n, ,
.
,
to throw away the ashes .
s c t o u dl- t sou (in an pipesto n e [pipe s to n e]

’
. .
s oc -
‘ ‘
tou—p (in an II ; s cc t o udl

’
pipe [s a explain ed as s oc to
.
’
,
’
,
put several in as in s ct -b IH quiver but cp pos sibly Tewa s cc ,

’
, , .
‘
,
tobacc o ; -toup un explain ed] ,

.
sc c un explain ed verb prefix in s cc to be angry ; c p cc d e i to .

’ ’
,
be mean .
sc c -dei pun c t n e g ; s cg Q d e ip s cc cc d e ih H c urs s cc cc ’ ’ ’ ’ ’

, ,
. .
,
d e it cc fut fut n e g ; s cc czd e i imp ; s cc czd e ih e idl

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, ,
. . .
,
to be angry [s cc u n explain ed verb prefix ; cc d e i t o be ’ ’

,
mean] Cp s cc q d e i-d cc to be angry

. . H I am ’ ’
,
.
’
mad k i e idl H-s cc cc d e i yesterday I got mad k y Hh n cc

.
“ ’ ’ '
’
,
.
“ ’
H-s cc
’
tomorrow I shall be mad k y Hh Ic c h ccn H .
“ ’ ’
sc cc c d cc t oc
’
tomorrow I shall n o t be angry h ccn H-s oc
’ ’ ’
, I .
’
am no t angry m i H n H-s cc ccd e ip I ll be angry pretty soo n .

’ ’ ’
,
’
.
heit b H let us get angry ! heit poue b H let

us n o t be a ngry poue H do n t you get angry ! ’ ’
Im .
s cc c
z d
’
e i
’
to make a n gry i-s c c d e i
c gc he made .
’ ’ ’
me an gry ci-s cc c2c d e i he is tryin g to make me angry he

.
’ ’ ’
,
is making me angry .
m am m o n] V O CA B U L ARY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 15 3
sc c d e i-d cc,
cc
’ ’
to be angry [ d cc to be] h ccn I2 I ,
.
’
H sc c d e i
- ’ ’
was no t angry n cc H -d cc I am mad . H-s cccz cd e i

’
,
.
’ ’ ’
I shall be an gry s cc cc d e i-d cc g oc t a he c ame mad .

’ ’
,
.
- sc -
cm r
p p e o u n d form of s ccm d cc to look at
( ) in s ccm - b cg t o look , , ,
at ; cc g cc-s ccm win dow ; hou-s ccm

’ ’
sunflower sp ; e t c
,
. .
-
s ccm b cII to look at ,
k t IH éI g m — u ccn m cc - dei .
-
n s ccm b c
’ ’ ’
H d oc I am goin g to look at the m an danc e

’
,
ky Hh y o up é Im .
’ ’
m c - oc d ei- m -b i d cc I am goin g to wat c h the m e n dan c e

’ ’
g u ccn c g s cc cI , .
ci c b cIIn m cc he is go ing to look at me

-s cm -
’
.
,
omp to look at -s cm d cc he is looki n g

-m -d cc s cm
§I c
’
cc (c in c ) c . .
,
at me n b cII cc cI cc- .n . s m d cc n e ig tcc H - tsou n b Q II seeing

t — ’
—
’
,
that he w as looking at me I looked away , .
s cc- n p p
r e o u n d form of verb to bo il in s ccn-tsei to set t o boil c
[ p , , , .
-s c to boil ; Tewa s ci-yé to boil

’
C b i H n n to boil in tr
c p ,
.
, .
ccn - tsei to s e t to,

boi l [ c n pre p o un d form of verb to boil as in
s —
c , ,
kiH -s c c -d cc kettle ; tsei to set

’
, n - sc cn t s e id cc I am ,
’
,
going to boil it .
- sc c
’
to boil in ki(H ) -s cc d cc kettle lit meat boiler [cp s cc-n in
,
’
, ,
. .
sc cn - tsei to set to boil ] ,

.
S H —dl (S H - dl S H -t in to be hot [c p Tewa t scj -vyH to be hot] .

, .
Cp d e I-S H dl to be peppery ; pei-S H dl-oct bird s p ; S H dl -h e I m to

’ ’
.
.
, , ,
feel hot ; e t c h d i k i -S H dl it is pr e tty hot today ’ ’ “

eI c c e H n.
, .
{ so u S H dl the ro c k is hot t é o u é I-S H dl the d ro c ks are hot ’

, .
, . .
t § o u n -S H dl the t pl ro c ks are hot k i H S H dl the day is hot

“
.
, ,
. .
-S H dl it is a hot night
n g IH Q I I saw a hot
- { -S H dl -b I
s o,u n .
,
sto ne { o u-S H dl n t -b ciI I saw the t pl hot ston es

.
s
, .
,
S H d l- c
’
cm n to have fever in H—kcc h o udl -S H dl -ccm n I have c hills
, ,
’ ’ ’
,
an d fever [ to be c o m e hot] .
S H dl - d oce (in an III ) quin in e [fever medic ine] .

, .
S H dl -d ccm so ut h [ h o t c ou n try ] C p p H e -bei

.
south lit in the . .
, .
regio n of summer ; t o u-d ccm n orth ; s H -bei n orth ’

.
S H dl - d ccm -gu oc to the south , .
S H dl - d ccm -n in the south ,

.
S H dl - hH b in the expressio n egIm -S H dl -h H b e i you are making it ’‘

’ ’
,
hotter (said to o n e wh o is making a n oise e g sin gin g in hot ,

. .
,
weather ) -h H b e i app iden tic al wi th h H b e i im p of h H b cc to ’

, .
’
, .
’
,
lift] .
S H dl - h c -t cII-n
’
steam [hot breath water]
“
, .
S H dl -h e I m to feel hot ; die with heat

’
, H-S H dl-h eIm H I am .
’
,
awf ully hot S H dl-h eI m he died with heat got a sun stroke .
’
, , .
k y Hh Ic c m I(H) H-S H dl -h eI m yesterday I pretty n early died

“ ’ ’ ’
,
with the heat .
S H dl- ky II e typhoid fever [lo ng fever]

’
, .
S H dl - tH to be tann ed (with the sun ) [ app t H to be ripe c ooked]

’
, .
’
, , .
H-S H dl t H I am tann ed m ccd cc n c

’
c-
’
S H dlt H
, my arm is .
’
,
15 4 BURE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BULL . 84
tann ed . ko udl HS H dl t H ,
- ’ ’
I am sun burn t on my n eck also , ko u d l
c
n c S H dl t H
’
— .
SH dl Southern er [southern whi te m an] Cp T ou-fcc . .

’
k cce kiH ,
“
N orthern er .
-
S H dl t e ip ,
“
to sweat [S H dl referring to heat ; t ei-p to c ome out] “
, .
Cp S H dl -t Q II sweat h e ig cc S H dl -t e ip he is sweating no w
“ “
. .
, , .
’
H-S H dl -t e ipd cc I am sweatin g “
, .
S H dl - t Q II sweat [S H dl referring to heat ; t cH water] Cp S H dl-t e ip

“ “ “
, , . .
,
to sweat .
S H- e (app in an I ) winter year [cp s H -d H win ter year] ’

,
. . .
, , , .
p H
“
o u S H e
’
t h r ee year s k ny H e,
S H e n ext year s H -
y cc in .
, .
’ ’
,
win ter S H -t to be hot se e S H —dl

.
to nielt intr [S H t pre p o und form of S H dl to be hot ;

,
S H t-
“ ’
cct c cn , .
,
to clear away] t o udl S H t -cct ccn the s n ow mel t e d .

“
,
away h e ig cc ci-S H t —cct ccn it (the lead ) melted away B ut

.
’ “
, .
ci-z e ip it (the lead ) melted

’
, .
S Ht- d l -t H -dou to stan d straight up with the heat Tpls

’ ’
, .
c orrespo n den t S H t - d l -t H -dou [s cct p re p o un d form of S H dl

“ ’ ’
.
,
to be hot ; d l referrin g to stan ding up ; t H t H pre po un d ’ “ ’
forms of h H to stan d up ; ’
,
S H t- d l —t H -dou several stan d straight up with the heat Ss

“ ’ ’
. .
,
c orrespo n de n t S H t -d l -f cc -dou [ F or et ym se e S H t -d l -
tH
’ ’
. .
’
é it they (the prairie dogs ) are

’
sittin g up straight with the heat (old expressio n said of a h o t day ) .
s H - -
t n to be burst
,
ope n [ p
c s H - d cc to have a hole ; s H .
,
’
to burst ; d ccm -s H b cc plow ; e t c ] ci-S H t n it (the wood

’
,
.
’
, ,
e g ) is burst open
. . .
to burst t r in t cc—s H to split with wedge d ccm -sH b cc .

,
’ ’
,
plo w; s H -d cc to have a hole in ; S H t-n to be b ur st open ; e t c , , .
Cp kcc d cc to b ur st tr
’
.
.
,
sH - bei n orth [ s H as in the s H -d H wi n ter year -

; bei referring
’
, ,
to side regio n] Cp tou-d wn north ,

. . .
S H b e i- b H o n the n orth side -b H s H b e i-b H H-f cc

’ ’ ’ ’
, , ,
I am stayin g o n the n orth side e g o n the n orth side of a street ; , . .
also I am staying in the north .
s H b e i-
’
gu oc to the north ,
s H b e i- gu oc H-b M H I am going .
’ ’
,
n orth .
SH - d cc to have a hole in be burst open [ d cc to be] h o udl d H

’
.
, , ,
yH
-s H - d cc my ’
shi r t has a hole
,
in it c i-d w n - s H -d cc the grou n d .
’ ’
,
has been plowed up is loose ; cp d ccm -s H b cc plow k ccb o u t ,

.
’
,
.
’
é i-s H -d cc the boat is leaking

’ ’
.
,
sH - d H (in an I ) win ter ; year Cp S H -bei north ; S H e win ter year

’ ’
, ,
. . .
.
, ,
s cct d e i s H d H n e w year sH d H to n it is a c old win ter

’ ’
.
,
.
,
s H d H t o u eI h cc it is c old in the winter here

’ ’ ’
.
,
15 6 B URE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ B LL
U . 84
-
(in anlarge in testin e [ app dark gut -
I ; se i k ciI,
“
se i k
“
Q II e
~
. .
se i as in s ci-t H—e small in testin e app whi te gut ; k clI dark ; , , .

“
,
-e i] Cp Z H dl -s e ik cIIe re c tum
“
.
,
. .
s e i—p rain
,
sei p -h eI n -d cc it is a dry time a rainl ess seaso n
.
, , .
p (s o ugu cc pun c t n e g ; s e ipd cc s o uyiH c urs ; so ut cc fut ; so ngu

'
se i-
’
.
, , .
, , .
’
ccd cc fut ne g ) 1 to fall (as rain ) to rain ; 2 to des c en d Cp
’
,
.
,
.
,
. . .
seip rain ,
1 t o u dl seip s n ow fell it sn owed
. seip it .
, , .
,
rain ed h ccn so ugu cc it did n o t rain bou -se ipd cc it is raining all
.
’
,
.
,
the tim e m iHn so uy iH it is about to rain bou

. it has .
, .
rained a good many times h H n so ut cc maybe it will rain .

’ ’
, .
h ccn so u gu ccd cc it will n o t rain d cc-bou -s o u y H w e have been

’ ’
,
.
,
having a good deal of rain h cc s o ut cc is it going to rain ? h H o u e .

’
,
’
s o u t cc when is it goin g to rain ? m iH n t o u dl s o uy iH it is goin g

’
,
.
,
to sn ow m iHn s o uyiH it is go ing to rain k i e idl s e ipd ec it

.
, .
“
,
rain ed yesterday 2 H- seip I des c en ded (e g moun tain or . .

’
, . .
tree ) H . I am goin g to des c en d

’
.
in t e id l-seip yellowj a c ket lit tail-stin ger ; M cc-sei p -kiH

’
se i-p , ,
.
,
C addo m an lit pierc ed -n osed m an Cp sei-b oc to stab
”
.
,
. . .
,
se i- in m c n -sei p -goup to rub with the han d

p g , .
Seip -d l —d cc ple n Rainy Moun tain ; cp Moo n ey p 42 1 [rain ,

.
,
“
.
,
.
cl iff] .
sei p-m ccn-t eI (an II ; seip -m ccn-tou-p c ray fish [ said to soun d
.
,
like rain han d-c at ch] .
sei p—p Hn rain-cloud

“
, .
s ei p - t cu rain water
“
.
,
s e i- s e i- g oc (in a n I ; sei -sei t l

p ; sei -s e i in arrowhead [ app
.
“
,
. .
reduplic ated form of se i in se i-b oc to stab g IIcc sei-d cc fish -spear ; , ,

—
,
c p pos s ibly zei - b cc -t arrow]

’
.
,
.
s e i- t (an II ; se i-t -d cc . bear Cp ccnh H d e i bear) ; seit -k u cct , . .

’ ’
, ,
racc oo n .
s e i- t to pi ck dl d i-seit I pi cked some plums or ’ ’

, p H H ccg cc e .
, ,
apples .
S e it-cIm -EIH H prsn

’
B ear Kn o ckin g Them (people ) O ver ; c p
’
,
.
,
“
.
Moo n ey p 42 1 [ RiH -H un explain ed] , .

’
,
.
sei t -k u cct (an II ; sei t -ku cct -d cc ra cc oo n [seit bear ; app k u cct
.
, ,
.
,
pain ted] .
seit -t H dlt cgn- H -d cc (in an II ; sei t -t H dlt ccn

“ ’
tree sp [ app
’
.
“ “
. .
bear bean tree] Des cribed as a medium sized tree bearing large
”
.
pods c o n tainin g black bean s .
Seit-f He-dei prsn Satan ta ; cp Moon ey p 4 2 2 Th e n ame was

, .
,
“
.
, . .
al s o given as Sei t-t He [ white bear] .
s e it - t s e io u (an II ; sei t -t se io u -p pig [ bear young o n e ]

.
,
.
sci-t H—e (app in an I ) small in testin e [ app white gu t : s e i as in

. .
,
.
s e i—k cII-e large intes tin e app dark gut ; t He whi te]
“
, , .
,
.
- in t h e b o wel s
'
s e it He n , ,
A
H RRINGT ON] VOCAB U LA RY OF KI O WA LANGUAGE 15 7
sc i-t He eight , (in an old Kiowa c ou n t ) .
se i- tsou i(n an I ) lake [sei as in cc-sei

little c reek ; s e i-k cc-n s cum
.
,
’ ’
, ,
on stagn a n t water ;
-tsou as in tsou -e water] ,
.
s e I to s m ell in tr s t in k Cp b cun -s e I to stin k ; H e - s e I to be smoky ;

’
, .
,
. .
, ,
k oc e eI
-s . box -elder tree s -
; e I He
m to smell tr [ Tewa -
siI to ,
.
‘
,
smell e I it stin ks
-s
n ,
.
d form of - oc peyote c a c tu s - H -t thorn ; in ’

seI p p
re o u n s eI g ; s eI g , , ,
s eI prickly pear ; t ccgu e -s eI san d bur lit A pache bur ; “

, ,
.
etc .
-
s eI in pei -s
eIh H
’
,
to revive in tr .
se I -’ H d lcc’-
(in a n II ; eIs g oc pri c kly -pear fruit .
-H dl cc’
,
.
s eI — H -d cc in a n
’
(
’
II ; s eI willow sp [s e I un explain ed ;
.
“
.
H d cc wood]
’ ’
,
.
-H - t o u dl — e i g oc (in an II ; s e I-H -t o u dl -e i t o pw e e d fruit ;

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
s eI — “
,
.
any top [ app thorn sti c k stake frui t] . .
s e i-H - t o u dl-ci-goup (in an t o pw e e d plan t A sti c k is in s erted

’ ’ ’
. .
I n the m arble - sized fruit an d the top thus made is spun .
s eI-ci-
’
g (oc i n a n II ; eI
s -ci sweet potato [ app thorny fruit]
.
“ ’
,
. .
s e I- g oc (in an II ; s e I d pl s e I in . c a c tus peyote bur [ Tewa ,

.
, ,
S H opun tia c a c tus ] Cp s cun -s eIg cc bur lit san d bur ; s cI-g cc t
’
, ,
. . .
, ,
thorn ; e t c .
s cI - cc -t
g (in a n
’
I ; s eI d l
p ; s eI in . thor n C p s - oc
eI g ,
. . .
,
peyote c a c tus ,
s e Ig cc t d ei- b cII I s aw o ne thorn .
’
,
.
s e I- goup (in an c a c tus pla n t . .
s e I- h H n (an II ; s e I-h H-d cc

’
. horn ed toad [ c a c tus eater] ’
,
.
s eI-m referring to secret ac tio n in s eIm -d cc -kiH m urderer ; s eIm —t ,

’
, ,
thief Kiowa Apache ; s eIm -h H d cc to W histle ; s eIm -h o u dl to

,
’
, ,
murder .
-s eI I n-cc in k ocdl —
’
s eIm — cc tadpole ’
.
-d cc in an II c o c kl ebur
( - —n
[said to mean
’
seI rn ; s cI m cc .
,
sti cker weed -d cc] .
s eI-m H- e ( eI
s -m
He d cc fut ; eI He
s -m to sme ll tr C p s - ’
e I y IH ,
.
,
. .
,
to s mell tr [s eI to smell in tr ; -m H-e un explain ed ].

, .
s eIm - d cc -RiH (an I ; s eIm -d a g cc

’
murderer [ d oc to kill ] Cp
.
’
,
. .
d cc -kiH murderer ; s eIm -h o u dl to murder

’
”
, , .
s e Im - t ( a n II ; eI
s m —t -d cc 1
. thief ; 2 mouse ; 3 S eIm —t
, . . .
,
Kiowa A pache also SeIm -t -IEiH F or thief the

'
, .
c ommo n word is s e Im - kiH q v [s eI-m referring to se cret ac tio n ; ,

. .
-h H -t ex c essi v e agen tive or iI sit at iv e c -h H -

, p p] ,
. .
s eIm - h H d cc (s e Im
’
to whistle [s eIm sec retly softly ; ,
h H d cc to shout ] I am going to whistle

’
, d ei . .
s eI m -h o u dl to murder , n e I h o u dl I murdered h im
-s m - .
,
.
m -liiH (s also s e Im s e Im - ky Hh y o u -p thief Cp ’

s eI .
,
. .
s e Im - t also used in the sen se of thief

, .
s eI- n (in an I ) mu c us of the n ose [ Tewa C H n o s e ; CII- wH muc u s]

‘
. .
, , ,
15 8 BURE AU OF AME RICAN ET H NOLOGY [ nm . 84
S e I-n-dei , am e of the c ulture hero [s e IJn un explain ed ; app -d e i]

n . .
Cp T a Ep t cc a n other n ame for Se In d e i

“
.
, .
Se In d e i-iH (an I ; Se in d e i-y u-e

’
. member of a c ertain ban d of ’
,
the Kiowa c am p c ircle li t SeIn d e i s c hil d ; cp Moo n ey p 2 2 8 .

’
.
, . .
-s e n-h H in t 1 -s e n
It iH s c orpio n said to mean the o ne that
’ “
I cI , ,
ben ds h is tail back .
s e In-p a -g oc (s app al s o s e I n- - oc d l s in- a in

“ ’ “ “ “ ’
p ; eI p
oc s. n p e .
p ,
.
beard hair c oll beard whiskers ; al s o appl ied to c orn silk

-
, .
, .
s e Ia cc g cc d ei-c In d cc I am go ing to pull out m y beard ha irs

“ ’ ’
, .
n p cc —d l (an II ; s e Inp cc -d H t -d cc c atfish [ expla in ed as

“ ’ “ ’
s eI
‘
,
.
meaning whiskers c omin g to surfac e of water : -d H -dl as in d l

t H d o u to sit u p straighter]
’ ’
.
,
s e In- p t -d cc
“
(in a n II ; s eI p
n i l d l
p ; s eI p
n - i . l in “ — “
,
.
“
han dkerc hief [m u cus wiper] s cInp i cc n c c-tH bH -d cc .

“ ’
,
my h an dkerchief is w e t with tears .
s eI-ciI
’
in H —s e I— c1I plan t sp lit sweet smellin g plan t ;
’ ’ ’
.
,
.
t so u e s e I ou -gy n pepper lit c o ffee -smell in g [ s e I to s mell in tr ;

—
, ,
.
,
.
c I in ten si ve]
- i
’
.
,
s e I—t c ce- t H dl (in an II ; seI-f cce-t H t -d cc 1 pin eapple ; 2 fig “

“ “
”
. . .
,
[ explain ed as c a c tus (or thorn ) sleek hole] When questio n ed as to .
wh y hole is appl ie d it w as po in ted out that c ann ed p in eappl e

“
,
h as a hole in the c en ter .
s eI -
y IH to ,
smell tr C p s eI
-m H e to smell tr . H —s
e IH I . .
’
,
smelt of it .
( s o u d cc -so u d e id cc to se w m en d Also in p ou
,
’
, ,
.
“
to weave (blanket ) h o u d ld H n t -s o u d cc I am
’
so u .
,
goin g to se w my shirt h o u dld H y H-s H -d cc n t -so u d cc my shirt .

’
,
’
,
h as a hole in it I am going to m e n d it ,
.
so u in (m c cn- -dei fin ger ring s o u - dei -d cc to be o n said of rin g o n

) so u ; ( , ,
fin ger ) .
—so u in cc —En oc-sou -dei hook o n wh ic h to hang thin gs lit store -away
’ ‘
’
,
.
,
hook .
s o u dei (app i an I )
- n finger r g m ccn-so u d e i q v
in
.
= .
, , ,
. .
s o u -dei to be few [s o u un explain ed ; -d e i] t s e Ig cc e I -h o u t d cc—de i

'
.
,
pe i dou cc-sou-dei he is killin g h is horses an d that is wh y he h as

.
— ’
,
o nl y a few left .
s o u -dei d cc to be o n (of rin g o n fin g e r)

—
,
C p m cgn-so u d e i finger ring ; . .
,
s o u -doup to strin g Also app in t He-s o u d e i-d cc to b e c ro s eyed

,
. .
,
s- .
s o u- dou p ( o u d e t
- s i to stri n g C p so n de i,
-d oc to be o n (of . .
,
ring o n fin ger ) t -so u d e it I am go in to stri n g

p cun n .
g ,
the beads n t p cII s o ud e it k

= - -
,
i e i d l n t -
pc I
i -s o u d o u p y e s .
“
,
t e rd ay I strung the beads .
s o u d le i- EiH (an I ; s o u d le i-g oc soldier [fr E ng ]

.
,
. .
-s o u —e in ccn-soue foot
’
.
,
160 BURE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ B um -
s5
[ Tewa H to be s m all c hild sweetheart] Cp s yccn a little ;

tc , , . .
,
p H -s
yHn
“
to be small
’
; iH c h i
l d fi
,
so u -s n a little sto n e
IH
’
,
.
, .
m Ht ccn-s y Hn a little girl m Ht ccn-s d oc t pl little girls

’ “ ’ “
, nc c .
,
. .
s y Hn my child sy Hd cc d ei-b crI I s aw the children ; c t b I H d oc

, .
’
, .
d ei-b Q u I saw the ad ul ts elders t Hdl o up s y Hd cc the male

“ ’ ’
, , .
,
c hildren p o u dl -s
yH n
n —b I
cI I.saw a little bug ts ei y Hn a
-s
, .
,
small-sized horse .
—dei afterbirth
s y Hn- g uccd e i q v
I =
g Icc , , , . .
-t n
,
oun pron oun an d adj p o st fix often varyin g with -dl
,
.
, .
-t
, p o s t fix for m in g distributive n umerals in p H o u -t three by three
; ,
“ ’
,
etc C ertain n umeral stems take -n instead of -t

. .
t oc father v o c Cp t ccdl father ; t cc t cc e my or o ur father ; k oc

’ ’ ’ ’
. .
, , , , ,
mother v o c t oc h H t so u m
,
father what is your
.
’
,
’
,
n ame ?
t cc—dl (an I ; t oc-t —d cc .1 father 2 patern al un cle Used with ,

.
, . .
1 s t 2 n d an d 3 rd perso n posses s ive ; c p t cc t cc e my or o ur father ;

’ ’
,
.
,
t oc father v o c ; s e igiH matern al un cle N 0 forms were re corded

’
.
, , .
,
c orre s po n ding to c ck cc yo ur (spl ) mother or H t s cc d e i his or

’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
, ,
their mother [ Tewa t ci t é —ré father] n g t ccdl my or o ur , , .

,
,
father cc g cc t ccdl my or our (o wn ) father

, t H dliH
’ ’
,
.
“ ’
t ccd l n -b cII I saw the boy s father t H d liH sId e i t ccdl n -b ou

’ “ ’ ’
,
.
I saw this boy s father o u e ig cc t cct d cc their fathers

’
.
!
’
, .
t oc—e in t oce-zout-H to float .
t oc-e -gou -p (in an I ; t oc-e dei g

—string
[ w t oc-e. cp possibly —
, . .
ta gro in ; -gou-p]
’
.
t cce zout-H to float [ t cce un explain ed ; zout referring to curren t ; H ’

—
, ,
to c ome] ci-t cce —zout —H t c1I-t H e it (the log ) is floating o n

.
’ “ “
,
top of the water .
t oct oc in terj , cct cc q v .

,
’
,
. .
-t a in iH -t cc -m
H midwif e
’ ’ ’
, .
t cc
’
gro in in t cc lump o n groin
,
’
.
t a -H t cc (in an II ; t cc lump o n groin [ t cc evi

’ ’ ’ “ ’ ’
.
d e n t ly referrin g to groin ] Cp possibly t oc-e in t oce-goup g-strin g . .

, .
*
t cc - H to c hase (s o ) [ t a
’ ’
, u n explain ed ; app H to c ome] Tplo .
’
.
’
,
. .
c orrespo n den t Hdle i Also in k o u pb e i-t cc H to run k ccdl

’ “ ’
. .
,
t cc H he is c ha s ing the buffalo ; but é i-k ccd l-Hd le i he is ch asin g

’ ’ ’
, ,
buff aloes .
t oc -b H (t cc b e i
’
to look at Cp b ciI to se e
’
,
d ccm . .
,
.
d ei-t cc b H I am looking at the lan d t s ou -t cc b H I am lookin g

’ ’ ’
, ,
.
at the s to n e t cun cI-t cc b e i he said that he s aw me

.
ts ei ’ ’
,
.
t cc b H he is lookin g at the horse

’
, .
- t cc b H in ky H e -t cc b H to go to fight
- ’ ’
, .
m m m mm VO C ABU LA RY KI OWA LANGUAGE 16 1
‘
or
’
t cc— dei adv for a lo ng time [ t cc unexplained] . t a d e i h e In
’
.
’
d cc m eI I heard that he was away for a lo n g time

’ ’
.
,
ta n- flat m ccn -
t ccn palm
,
of ha n d [ c p Tewa ,
G é -
g i flat an d
’
,
.
,
ro un d] .
t cc-t oc-e my or o ur father Cp t oc-dl father ; t oc father v o c ; t s cc

’ ’
,
. .
, .
, , ,
mother ; k cc -k cc-e my or our mother c t cc t cc e c

’
—d cc it ’ ’ ’ ’
nc i ,
.
,
is my father = n Q t ccdl é I-d cc n cc t cc t cc e d cc-d cc it is our father ,

’
.
‘
’ ’
, ,
ncc t ccdl d cc—d cc .
t a -t s e id l (in an I )
goal [un explain ed]
’
.
,
.
t cc in e i-t cc wheat wheat flour [ Tewa t é seed t cj t ci wheat ]

’ ’ ’
, ,
.
, ,
t cc- n (in an III ) gap mou n tain pass ; eviden tly also n arrow n ess at
.
, ,
waist Cp t ccn . belt t ccn n t -b clI I saw the gap

. .
,
.
t ccn-p H- g (
o c
“
in a n II
’
t n
c - d l
; c p H p ; c p H in t cn - belt [gap tie ;
.
“
,
.
“
p H
“
to be ,
tied ;
- oc
g ] t cn
c -
p H g c c d ei-b I
c I I s aw the belt ,
“ ’
,
.
t cc (an I ; t cz-d cc
’
. brother (woman speaking ) ; s is ter (m an ’
,
speaking ) Cp t s cc-t cc mother s brother . h H d e idl t cc

.
’ ’
,
’
.
’ ’ ’
n c I I saw somebody s brother (or sister )

’
-b I .
,
to roast c ook Cp Ecg -t cc ,

. .
’ ’
lit to grease c ook C t t H to be ripe c ooked

. . .
’
, ,
.
I am go in g to roas t the meat .
t H In terj of surprise . .
t H (an II ; t H —g cc t pl t H in
. eye [ Tewa t si eye]’
nc ,
c .
’ ’
,
.
t H my eye c t H d e i my d eyes d é Q I I saw

’
m t H i i —b I ’ ’ ’
, nc H e . n n ,
. .
,
yo ur eyes o ue id e i t H d e i cI-goup he hit me In the eyes .

’ ’ ’
,
.
-d cc the m an has
kt H (o nly ) o n e eye t H d e i
’ ’ ’ ’ ’
IH p g H cc t H ,
.
n é I- k oup my eyes ac he “
, .
t H to be ripe be c ooked [ Tewa t s i to be c ooked] Cp e i-t H -p o u dl

’ ‘ ’ ’
, ,
.
, ,
.
c i c ada lit ripe fruit bug ; n -t H —b I

e ten dril (of watermelo n
’
, c Ia .
,
vin e ) lit ripe in dic ator S H dl -t H to be tann ed with the sun ;

,
.
,
’
,
t H -t se ip to put o n the fire ; an d possibly t c to roast c ook

’ ’
, c ,
.
h e ig cc n -t H it is al ready ripe t H -h e I e I-d cc t h ey d are

’ ’ ’ '
. .
, ,
raw un c ook e d ,
.
t H-dl (an II ; t H -t -d cc .skun k , .
t H dl -iH youn g skun k -iH

’
, ,
t H dl-t o u e k u cct skunk s p eviden tly s mall striped skunk [ c oarsely

’
.
, ,
spotted s kun k : t o u e ku cct c oarsely spotted blot c hed] ’

, ,
.
t H -e fut ; t H e to wake in tr Cp Hn eI to wak e tr .

,
. .
’ ’
,
.
-t H e I woke up
yH , .
t H in t H -t se ip to put o n the fire [c p possibly t H to be c ooked]

’ ’ ’
.
, ,
.
t H in H -t H -b oc drawkn ife
’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
t H -oct -d cc (in an II ; t H - ccdl eyelash [ eye head hair]

’ ’ ’ ’
.
— .
,
t H -H H t -d cc (in an II ; t H lump o n eye [ eye l ump ]

’ ’ ’ “ ’
. .
t H -b H (in an I ) tear [ t H -b H u n explain ed]

’ ’
e
ey ; .
, , .
t H h e I-p IH-g oc (in an II ; t H h eI-p IH

’
waterm e lo n = s cch y e ig c .
“ ’
, ,
.
[raw food] .
162 BURE AU or AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY [ B ULL . 84
tH -kcc
’
(an II ; . tH -
Iicc-g oc, t pl ;
’ ’
.
-
t H kc
c
’ ’
in eyelid [t H
’
eye ;
-
k is perhaps
cc d im . of Ea ’
in ka -n ’
,
skin ; cp .
’
cc
’
p re p o un d
form of kcc -n ’
,
skin] .
tH -k cII-n
’ “
pupil of eye [bla ck eye]
(an II ; t.H -k
“
QIg
I - cc
’
-t
,
’
.
-
tH p t
’ “
,
to be eyed [ app to be eye holed : t H eye ; -p iH -t hole]
o ne - .
’ “
, .
nc c c I-t H - t
p I am o n e -eyed
’
H m H d l ’
n -t H - t
p
“
you ,
.
’ ’ ’ “
,
are o ne -eyed .
t H -
p
’
t -k
“
iH (t H -
p t -
g oc o n e -eyed m an [ app’
eye -holed m an]
“
,
. .
t H -t cc-g u ccd l (an II ; t H -t cc —gu cct -

’ ’
d cc meadow lark [ un e x
.
’ ’
,
plain ed ; app -gu ccdl red] .

,
.
t H —t’
'
He ( a n II ; t H -EH e m cc whi te of eye [whi te eye]

.
’ ’ —
,
.
t H —t He-bei n -b cu I saw the white of o n e eye

’
.
,
t H -t se ip to put o n the fire [w t H c p possibly t H to be c ooked ;

’ ’ ’
.
,
.
,
t sei p
- to lay ki - -t i H t s eIn h ccn I burn t
’ ’
t H —
,
H n s e p g o c ,
me when I put the meat o n the fir e .
t H (an II ; t H—g oc t pl ; t H in
’
. star Cp t H-e idl mornin g
’
,
.
’
. .
’ ’
,
star ; H g
t - o u m t cg mi l ky ’
w ay lit star ba c kbo n e ; H h e I m to be
t
“
-
, , .
’ ’
,
dizzy an d s e e stars lit to star-di e t H ku ccdl p Hn-bei the

’ “
, . .
,
stars are in the sky .
t H-e in t He-k o u m firefly

’
.
,
-
tH e in t He s oc c ross
-
,
.
-
t H e in - ’
cc p IH-t He-g oc,
’
fish ne t .
t H e b e i ci-g oc
- -
(in an II -
bei ei
’
sk un kb e rry [ un e x
’
- “
tH e
;
~ ~
.
,
plain ed] .
t He-bei-e i-p eip (in an II s k unk b e rry bush

’ “
. .
T Heb e i-IE
IH ( I ; T Hep ge i- oc an .
, n ame of a Kiowa order ; see
Moo n ey p 2 2 8 [skunk b e rry m an] ,

. .
t H-e-k c II —m (an II ; t He-k cu -m -g oc t He-k cII -m -b oc

“ ’
.
“ ’
,
“ ’
,
firefly ,
lo c ally c alled lightn in g bug [ un explain ed] .
t H-e-s oc (an I ; t H-e-s cc -g oc c ross [ u n explain ed ]

’
.
, .
t H-n vertex top of head in t Hn-t cce bald ; t Hn -g IIcc-g oc forehead ;

, , , ,
t Hn-pcce-n vertex ; e t c [u n explain ed] Cp t ccpg cc t vertex

,
. . .
’
,
.
t Hn -g IIcc-g oc (in an II ; t Hn-g II cc d pl ; t Hn-g II cc in forehead “ ’ ’

,
. .
[ app t Hn vertex
. top of head ; w - I c- oc c
g Ic g p perhaps g uc
c-dei
, . .
,
horn] .
t Hn -pcc e—n (in

’
a n III ) vertex top of head [ H
t n vertex - c
; pc en .
, ,
’
,
in the m iddle of] C p f o u-pcc en c heek . .

’
,
.
Ta -k c n -kiH
(an I ; T a cc en
’
c d cc
’
-k ’
cg e n y H e pc yHep I .
,
C hin aman = Ky H e pccn-E H [ vertex s c alplo c k m an] , .
t Hn -t cge bald [ v ertex sleek]

, .
t Hn-t cce-d cc to be bald [ d cc to be] , ,

.
t Hn—t cce-kiH (t Hn-t cce-g oc bald m an -kiH m an] , , .
t H— e id l the m orn i n g s tar [ big s tar]

’ ’
, .
t H -g ciIm t cII mil ky w ay [ s tar ba c kbo n e]

’ “
Y , .
164 BURE AU or AMERI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BULL . 84
t eIm cc, it sticks to my teeth H-t e I-hou go an d c atc h him ! .

’
,
n -t d cc
eI
’
,
I will c at c h him .
t eI pre p o u n d form of t e I—g a t t eI-h y II-e sin ew

’
, , .
t e I-bei (an II ; t e I-bou -p . moun tain sheep , .
t eI-g cc-t (in an II ; t eI d pl ; t eI in sin ew thread c ord Cp

’
,
. .
, , . .
t eI-h y IIe sin ew , .
t eI-n (app in a n II ; eI
t -n t -
ei n . in piec e of ic e ic e
.
,
.
Cp t e In
. sleet ; t eIn -kccn-t d cc ici cle ,
.
dou m in the ice , .
t eIn -kccn-t -d cc i ci cle t k sti f -h H -t -d cc said to

[ eIn ic e ; ccm f ; , , ,
refer to hanging down] .
t eI-h I II-e (in an II ; t eI-b IH

f sin ew [ real sin ew] Cp ts e ou
.
, . .
t e Ih y IIe beef s in ew ,
.
t ei-m to pull Cp k u cct to pull out ; to push “

, .
,
. .
-t m I p ull ed it
n eI , .
t eI-m adv strongly t eIm H -b a dei do your best in the ’ ’

,
.
, I m .
,
rac e lit rise stro ngly ! = b ei-peidei !

,
.
t eIn-p H -g oc -t sleet [ fin e ic e ]
“ ’ ’
, .
tou (in an I ) house tipi [ Tewa t é hou s e] Cp tou e room ; tou-H

.
, ,
‘
,
. .
’
,
’
,
c orral ; e t c tou oce many houses a town ’

.
, , .
tou pre po un d form of tou -dei mo c c asin ,

.
tou pre po un d form of tou —d cc relatives , .
tou-cc to play the han d-game [ to house play]

’
,
d ei—tou .
I am goin g to play peo n .
tou— cct d cc (tou

’
to cry for a relative [ t o u as in tou -d cc ,
relatives ; cct d cc to cry ] H-tou

’
they t pl are having
,
.
’
.
a cry H-tou-cct d cc I am in mournin g

.
’ ’
, .
tou -a -d cc-n (in an I ) han d-game so ng

’ ’ ’
.
,
.
tou-H -n (in an III ) han d-game [hou s e game]

’ ’
.
,
.
tou-cc-l2iH (an I ; tou-cc-g oc

’ ’
han d-game player.
’ ’
, .
tou -H (in an I ) c orral [ app tou house ; -H un explain ed] Cp

’
.
,
.
,
’
, .
t s eI-t o u H horse c orral ; t s e ou -t o u H c o w c orral

’ ’
, .
,
tou-b (toubei to be q ui et b e i-toubei be quiet said

, ( .
,
to o n e fidg e t ing about ) !

tou—b H referrin g to straining in t o ub H -oup to strain ; b cueb H ,
’
,
t o ub H —h ccn d e ig cc strain er , .
t o u b H -ou -p (t o ub H
’
to strain [ t o ub H as in b cIIe b H
t o ub H -h ccn d e ig cc stra in er ; oup to dip up ] -t o ub H ’
n , , .
I am goin g to strain it .
tou y I e (
- b I in a n III
’
) c amp ir
c c le [ house c ir cle :. b y I e c ir c ul ar]
l -
,
’
,
.
"
Cp H -t o ub y u e c ir c ul ar opening in the fore s t
’ ’
.
,
.
tou d cc (obtain ed in t p o y ) relatives follower [ tou p tei p

- l nl s w c - .
, ,
. .
in tei-p-dei relative or tou -d cc to p ic k up ; -d cc] C p tou -cct d cc

’
,
. .
, , ,
to cry for a relative nc c t o u d cc my relatives ky H t H e EiH .

,
.
t o ud cc the c hi ef s followers
’
.
,
m n m e m ni VO C A BU LARY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 165
tou -d cc (t o ud e ip c urs ; t o u d e id cc fut ; t o ut cx d cc fut n e g ; t o u d e i

,
.
’
,
.
’ ’
,
.
,
to pic k up gather c o n ven e Cp H dl-t o u d cc to roun d up , ,

. .
’
,
e g attle t -t o u d e id cc I am go ing to pi c k them e g

(
’
( . c )
.
n .
,
. .
marbles ) up é Im -t o ud cc he gathered (his kinsfolk ) ky H t H e

.
’
,
.
k y Hh I c c II -t o u d e ip g oc H
“ ’ ’ ’ ’
the c hiefs are going to ’
have a meeting tomorrow to talk about c ertain thin gs .
tou—dei (in an I ; tou in . m o c c asin s hoe

“
Cp tou—b I H ,
. .
’
,
mo asi to dei -d cc they are t p l shoes

’
k cc cc
“
n c c ,
n n n .
, . .
tou—d Q IIn in my shoe H m to,

n dei your shoes tou —h
e I d cc §h e .
’
, .
,
is barefooted k cc ccn-h eI d oc
=
,
“ ’
.
tou-dl to be soft [ Tewa t H-v i to be soft] Cp t o udl -kiH to have

, , . .
,
ven ereal dis ease é i t o u dl it (the wood ) is soft .

’
—
,
.
tou-dl pre po un d form of tou-p stic k s take , ,

.
-tou -dl in o u e ik H -t o ndl du c k s

’
t dl -k c d e i swallow s ’
y p o u c p , .
, .
-tou-dl -e i in k cce b H -t o u dl e i butterfly ; k cce b H -t o u d le i

“
bat ,
“
.
t o udl —kout—H -d cc (in an II ; t o udl -kout -H tree s p [ hard tipi

’ “ ’
,
. .
stake tree] .
t o u dl -c -dei (an II ; t o ud l-kcc-dou-p swallow [ tou—dl possibly ’

.
,
as in o u e iky H - t o u dl du c k s p ; k c c -dei bad]

’ ’
, ,
. .
t o udl -kiH to have ven ereal di sease [ app tou -dl to be s oft ; w -
,
l2iH .
,
.
-k cc-t in p ou -kcct -d cc to be syphil iti c “

H -t o u dl k H I
]
’
cp .
y ,
.
,
have venereal disease (of any kin d ) tei k ou—t o u dl ky H Hn .

“ ’
he is all c rippled up (k ou body ) “

.
tou—c I m d e i-H -d cc (in an II ; tou d cu m d e i

’ ’ ’
house post .
“ — ’
,
tipi pole ; woodwork inside a house [in side hou s e sti ck] .
tou-c I m d e i-k oce (in an

’
rug mat [in side house cl o th]
“
.
,
.
tou— e (in an I ) room [ tou house ; -ci

’
.
,
tou e H-d cc I ,
’
,
’ ’
,
am in the room .
tou-e -n (tou-e-g cc-t t be blin d Cp t o u e n -d cc to be ’

,
o . .
,
blin d ; t o u e n —kiH blin d m an ; to n en c attail , .
to nen -H -d cc (in an II ; to nen

’ ’
c attail [ bli n d s ti c k ]
.
“
.
to nen -IEiH (t o ue n -g oc blin d m an t o ue n g cc blin d

'
, .
,
people t o u e g cc t
=
,
’
.
t o u e n -d cc to be bl in d [ d cc to be] , yH
-to n e
n -d cc I am
,
.
,
blin d .
tou— e —k u cct (tou-e -ku cct -d cc

’
(c oarsely ) spotted blot c hed Cp
’
, ,
. .
p ou-p (fin ely ) spotted

“
, t H d l-t o u e k u cct n -b cII I s aw a .
’
,
s potted skun k .
tou g u ccdl (an I ; tou-g u cct -d cc t pl ; tou-gu ccdl in

- . young ,
.
m an youth [ u n explain ed app gu oc-dl red] Cp t o ug u ccdl -t H d e i

’
, , .
, . .
,
lizard sp .
t o ug u ccdl -t H -dei (an II ; t o ug u ccdl t H -dou-p

’
lizard sp .
— ’
,
.
des c ribed as green is h an d about 6 in ches lo ng [s aid to s oun d like

young m an shut in : t o uguccdl y oung m an ; t H -dei shut in] ,
’
, .
1 66 BURE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BU LL . 84
tou -h cc ’
(in an
III ) cliff pre cipic e [ cp po s sibly -t cc-h cc
'
] Cp k cc g cc
’
.
, , . . .
,
k cc n p cliff ; d l d H c l iff
’
, , .
tou—h cc ’
to slan t t r in t so u dl -t o uh cc ccm -dou to soar lit .
,
’
, , .
to hold wings slan ted [cp possibly tou-h cc cliff] .

’
.
To uh cc -s y Hn p rsn L ittle cl iff See Moo n ey p 3 99

’
.
, ,
.
, . .
tou-b I H (in an
’
mo cc asin [ tou as in tou dei mo c c asin ; b I H
.
—
,
’
,
real] Cp tou -dei mo c c asin shoe ; k c ccn mo c c as in

. .
, ,
’
, .
t o u kcct -H -d cc (in an II ; t o u k cct -H oak tree [ tou—kcc-t oak

’ ’
.
, ,
un explain ed] .
t o u kcct -H -k cII-g cc- t (in an II ; t o u kcct -H -k cII-n blac k oak

’ “ ’ ’ “
.
,
tree .
t o u kcct -ci-g oc (in an II ; t o u kcct —ci a c orn [oak fruit] “

.
, .
tou-k t I H-d cc to be homesic k [ tou house ; k y Hh I H unexplained

“ ’
,
“ ’ ’
c p possibly k y Hh I H tomorrow ; d oc to be]

’ ’
,
.
,
.
tou-p (in an II ; tou-dl d pl ; tou-dl in stick c oun ting-stick

'
,
. .
,
for keep ing the c oun t in any game s take tipi-stake [ un explain ed , ,
cp . tou p- ha n dl e ] C p ou
,
- t o u dl c ollarbo n e ; s c c
.
-toup .
’ ’
,
tobac c o pipe ; s eI-H -t o u dl -ci-g oc top (to spin ) ; t ccm -toup tipi ’ ’ ’
, ,
s take ; t H - toup mat ch “ ’

,
.
t o u -p (in an II ) han dl e (e g of a knif e ) [ app the same word as

.
,
. . .
tou-p sti ck : c p t ccm -t cII-t oc handle -t cII sti ck]

,
.
“
, ,
“
,
.
tou—s cII n (in an III ) n es t [grass house : tou house ; w -s cII n c p

’
.
, , .
’
.
s cum gras s] Cp g u cct o u-t o u scII n bird n est

,
. nc ; c t o u s cII n
’
,
.
’
-d cc it is my n e s t s
yH , () .
tou-t (t o udld cc fut ) to sen d ’

,
h e ig cc -tout I already se n t
. .
,
him n
.
- t o u dl d cc I am goi ng to sen d h im .
tou t -goup to flap flutter [ tou-t as in k cce b H -tou-dl -e i butterfly ;

, ,
“
,
goup to hit] , d é i-t o u tg o up I flap . d ei—t so u dl -t o u t g o up I ,

.
,
flap my wings .
mI "p p re o u n d form of mI e - to s a
y talk , ,
.
t Q II-ccn to sou n d (of thu n der ) [ to talk-s ou n d] Hf -) cc s o u t ’ ’

,
n .
t I cc d
’
e ip
’
it is thu n deri n
,
g k i e id l H p
n - ccs o u t - t cu ccn it .
“ ’ ’
,
thun dered yesterday y Hn thun der ! .
t I
-b cc -t
( i
’
n a n II ; m I
-b H d p l ; t I
-b H
. in flute win d ,
.
,
instrumen t [ c p Tewa t é-Ij tube fl u te] Cp H -mI—b cc t wooden

’ ’ ’
,
.
,
. .
,
flute t so ud lt e I m -t Ib cc t w ingb o n e whis tle ; t Q Hb H

.
“ ’
reed ’
,
.
t cu-b H to go to hun t for [ t cH p re p o un d form of c I-n to hu n t for ;

, ,
b H to go ] k i e id l H -
t Ib H I wen t to hun t for it yester
“ ’
.
, ,
day .
t Q Hb H -H -d cc (in a n II ; t Q Hb H reed [flute plan t]

’ ’ “
. .
t I b H to play the flute [ to flute s in g ] d é i-

t n .
I am going to play the fl u te .
t Q Hb H -tou -kiH (an I ; t Q Hb H -tou -g oc bugle m an -tou pre

’ ’ ’
,
.
poun d form of dou to have] ’

, .
168 BURE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY cam . 84
the fat m an t I y Hh I H n cI
I k h -t
y H I H cu
,
d cc =
d ei-b
Qu n-12 ’ ’
-b .
’ ’
,
I saw the t pl fat m e n t cun n t b crI I s aw the fat . .

,
.
t Q IIn - H
’
H —d cc (i n a n II ; t i
cI n - ’
H d pl pec an tree [fat wood .
“ ’
.
tree] .
t cHn H e b cc (i a
- ’
i- n n
’
II ; wI H -ci
’
n — pec an nut [fat wood .
“ ’ ’ ’
,
n ut ] .
m - H e dl
Ip ( an . I; m - H e t -d cc t l
Ip , p ; .
m - H e dl
Ip in talkati v e
perso n [ t ciI to y talk ; sa - H -e -dl
, p ,
un explain ed] . Cp t Ip H e dl
.
t e In e I, mo c kin gb ird .
t Ip H e d l-RiH an I
( ; t Ip H e t -d cc
,
talkative m an . .
t Ip H e dl -t n
eI eI (an II ; t Ip H e dl -t n o u-
eI p, mo c kingbird [ t al k .
ative bird] .
-tou in an I
t I ( ) o ffi c e [ talk house] .
,
.
t I
-t H e
“
(t ciI pun c t n e g ; mI to speak to .
[t I to s ay talk t H -e un explain ed
] ,
h e ig cc -b I -d e i
cI Q I
: “
,
.
’
h e ig cc Hn é -tout H d cc he spoke to m e when ever he s aw me

’ ’
I ,
.
o u e id e i g oc n H h cn Hn c t y n y H t cce that m an an d
’
-t 1 -t H u cc ’ ’ “ ’ “
c I cI g ,
I do no t speak together mutually .
t -
I a m H to talk about talk [ I
t c
I I to s ay t alk ;
-
a mH ,
'
, ,
un explai n ed ] h H -tsou n -mI-a m H what are they talk

’
.
ing about ? y H -k oce -

t Ia m H I talk K iowa , .
t cc, (an . I ; t a -d cc, t pl ; ’

. t cc in ’
daughter-in -law . Cp y H t .
daughter law -in - .
t cc (f cc
’ ’
fut f cc -dei imp f a dei . to stay live be about ’
, .
’ ’
, , , ,
go about ; sometimes as sumin g am b ul ative or desiderative mg as .
p o s t p o un d [ Tewa Oa to live stay] to wan t to get ; ‘

Cp k cc
“ ’
, , . .
f cc-t cc to be a ngry h H gi (H ) H-t ccd e i c e gu cc some

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, . .
,
where there are Kiowas T a t cc e m H t cc-d e i our F ather (stay .

’ ’ ’
_
'
’
,
in g ) in heaven poue e Ih cc cIm -f a dei do n t you stay here !.

’ ’ ’ ’
,
’
’
h b H -t cc d e i let us stay here !
’ ’
H -t cc I am stayin g
eI h
’ ’ ’ ’
cc
eI cc , ,
right here .
t oc (t oc y oc p un c t n e g ; cccy oc c urs t cc t oc fut t a y a t oc fut n e g

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, .
, .
, , .
, , .
,
t oc im p
’
, to hear [ Tewa t c to hear] Cp t a -t
.
t oc -t H dl dou
‘
, . .
,
“ ’
to listen to ; t cc d e i ear H-t oc I heard it h ccn H

’
, I .
’
.
’
di d n o t hear it h e ig cc mi H n H-f ccy oc I am about to hear it .

’ ’
, .
’
H I shall hear it h ccn H I shall n o t hear it .
’
.
h cc H -t cc did you hear it ? hear it ! poue H

’ ’
Im gIm
’‘ ’
c ,
IIn
do n t hear it ! heit b H-f cc let us hear it ! poue b H
’
let us ’
,
n o t hear it ! h H -tsou m -t cHe n cc h ccn H- I did no t hear

’
ta
’
what you s aid .
t oc t oc verb prefix by a blow by hitting In h cc -t oc -gu oc iro n n ail ;

’
, , ,
’ ’
,
t cc —n e to burst forth t a -k H d cc to burst by hittin g t cc - H t

’ ’ ‘
’ “ ’
,
; p , ,
am mm m V O CAB ULA RY or KI OWA LANGUAGE 169
to poun d up to split with wedge ; t a -t to -

; t a sH t
’ ’ ’
,
c hop o n e in two ; f cc to chop several in two ; e t c [ Tewa t d ’

.
by a blow] .
- t cc in k cc -t cc to make swi m ; k cc-t cc-e to swim

’ ’
,
.
t cc-cc-dl fiv e (in an old Kiowa c oun t )

’
.
,
t oc-dl (an II ; it oc-t -d cc t pl ; t cc-dl in

. liver kidney Cp ,
.
,
. .
t ccdl -e idl liver ; t ccdl t ccn t ccdl -s y Hn kid n ey

’ “
.
, , ,
t cc-dl in t ccdl -h Hd cc to hi c c ough ’

,
.
t cc-dl in t ccdl-k ciI-t cc dl e i hawk sp

’
.
,
t ccdl -e idl (an II ; t ccdl -b IH-d cc . liver [t ccdl liver kidney ; e idl , , ,
’
,
to be large] .
t ccdl-h Hd cc (t ccdl -h H d o up
’
to hi cc ough [t cc-dl un explained ; ’
,
h H d cc to shout ] d ei-t ccd l-h H d o up I have hi c c oughs

’ ’
,
. .
,
t ccdl-k cu-t cc dl e i (an II ; t ccdl -k cII-t cc dlo u -p

’
hawk sp [une x .
’
, .
plained] .
t ccdl -s y Hn (an II ; t ccdl-s y H-d cc kidn ey [ t ccdl liver kidney ;

.
’
, , ,
s y Hn small ]
,
.
f ocdl-t ccep o u t -n (app an II ; t ccd l-t c

cep o u t - a -t
g ki dn ey . .
“ ’
, ,
t ccdlt ccn—pou t -n [t ccdl liver kidn ey ;

'
= t ccdl t c n—t c
“
t - “
g gep o u n , , ,
t cce-pou t -n sleek an d roun d] ,

.
t ccdl-t ccn (an II ; t ccdl -t Q -d cc 1 kidn ey ; 2 (in an II ; also

“ “ ’ “
.
, . . .
f ccdl -t cc -d cc s ; t ccdl -t ccn

“ ’
bean pea (so c alled from it s
,
.
“
, ,
kidn ey-lik e shape ) [ t ccdl liver kidn ey ; -t ccn Cp sei t , ,

“
,
.
t ccdl t ccn -H -d cc tree sp

“ ’ ’
,
.
t ccdl t ccn -pou t -n kidn ey = t ccdl -t cce po ut -n q v [roun d kidn ey]

“
,
. .
, , .
t ccdl t ccn-s cch y e i-g oc (in an II ; t ccdl t ccn -s cch y e i green pea [green
“ “ “
,
.
bean] .
t ccdl t cgn-t ccep o u t -n kidn ey = t ccdl -t ccepo ut -n q v [sleek round

'
“
, , . .
,
kidn ey] .
t oc—h oc in m cc—t cch cc to be hook-n osed ; kou p -t cch ci -s ccdl ran ge of

'
’ ’
, ,
moun tain s ; t cII-t cch cc -s ccdl waterfall (s ccdl several stan d ) -t cc

“ ’
, ,
'
unexp lain ed ; for -h cc see -h cc ,
t cc-Iia d cc to b ur st by hi ttin g [t cc by hitting ; kcc d cc to bur st open

’ ’
, ,
Cp t cc-k a dei stalli o n -t cc-k cc d cc I burst it open by

’ ’
.
n , .
,
hitting it n —t cc . I shall c rac k it open by hittin g it .
t cc-ka -dei (an II ; t cc-kcc-dou-p stall ion [ cp t cc-kcc -d cc to burst

’ ’ ’
. .
, ,
by hi tting] .
t cc-p t a deer an telope in t ccp-k oce bu ckskin ; t ccp-p H dl b ufl alo

’
, ,
“
,
“
,
’
bull ; f a -1H fawn ; t cc-seidl herd of an telope [ cp t H -p deer

’ ’
,
’
, .
,
an telope] .
t ap-g a -t vertex top of head [ t cc-p u n explain ed ; -g cc -t ]

’
Cp t Hn ’
‘
. .
, ,
vertex t ccpg cc t n —goup I hit him o n the top of the head ’

.
,
.
t ccpg a t ci-goup he hit me o n the top of the head

’ ’
,
.
t a p-k oce bu ckskin [ t cc-p

“
,
t cc deer antelope ; k oce skin ] Cp ’
,
“
,
. .
t - -
to u d cc ski n s c raper in w hi c h t
,
H -
p refers t o bu ckskin ,
.
17 0 BU RE AU or AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BU LL . 84
- l -
(in an III ) bu c kskin shirt Cp cc y H -
’ ’
t ccpk h d dH h o u dl -d H ,
“
cce o u .
, . .
bu ckskin dress lit fringe shirt , . .
t ccpk cce —y H e -b oc (in an bu c kskin tho ng

“
. .
t cc p H dl
p
- “
-
(an II ; t ccp p H t d cc, t pl ; t ccp p H dl in
“
- .
- “
. b uff alo b ull
[ t cc-
p deer a telope
t cc
’
,
n ;dl -
p u“
H explai
-
,
n ned ] . F or t cc-p f cc ’
of s u c h wide referen c e c p f cc -t se io u c olt .

’
, .
t cc-pe In-koup to part (hair ) [ app t cc by hittin g ; peI-n un explained ;

,
.
,
lie u -p to lay several] d ei-t a pe In-ku ccd cc I am goin g to part ’

.
, ,
my hair .
t cc-p H -d (t cc t o pou n d up [ app t cc by a blow

“ ’
,
.
- th -s
y Hn sm all]
'
d t - fi i
“ ’ “ “ ’
w p H — H
. c p p H n n e n p .
, , ,
.
- - fish spl t ta by a blow -p ou -

'
f p - o u dl in t t dl l i i il t dl
“
[
“ “ “
cc cII cc p o u t cc ; , , .
un explain ed]
t cc-s H (p re p o un d fO I IIY t cc
’
to split t r (e g with wedge) '
. . .
[ t cc by a blow ;
-S H as in d ccm -s H - b oc plow ; C p H -t cc
’
, .
’ ’
sH - h H-n
’
wedge ’
,
.
-t ccs H -h cc -t ccS H -h wedge

'
’ ’ ’ ’
i
’ ’
n n H Hn ,
.
- t cct -b H -t H in ou-t cct -b H -t H to mo ck

“ ’ “
,
.
t H deer an telope ; se e t cc-p

’
,
f cc pre p o un d form of t cc -dei ear [c p f cc to hear]

’ ‘
’ ’
, , . .
t cc p re p o un d form of t cc ; to hear in t cc -t f cc -t H dl -dou to

’ ’ ’ ’ “ ’
, , ,
listen to [cp t a ear ; Tewa t c to hear] .

’ ‘
, .
t cc verb pre fix by a blow by hi tting s e e t cc , , ,
t a H (in a n III ) earring [t a ear ; -H u n explain ed ]

’ ’
, ,
. .
t cc -b H -k oc (in an III ) earwax [ f cc ear ; -b H -k oc u n explain ed ]

’ “ ’ “
.
, , .
t a
’
— b o u dl -
p t (i n a n III ) ear
“
hole = t cc -t H d l [ w -b o u d l- t
.
p cp , ,
’ “
.
“
.
b o u dl -p t -n down in a hole]
“
, .
t cc -d
’
(t cc d e ip to be ki n d ’
[ u n explai n ed , ] yH
-t cc .
’
d e ip I am kin d ,
.
f cc -dei (an II ; f cc -g oc t pl t cc in ear [c p t cc to hear]

’ ’ ’ ’
.
,
. .
, .
n cc t cc d e i my ear (s ) c f cc - dl e - u ccn the bug

’ ’
nc ,
c In p o u n i g .
,
wen t in to my ear .
t cc -g oc adv away from [ f cc un explain ed ; -g oc] IHh cc t cc g cc

’ ’ ’ ’ ’
,
. .
,
m —cc c In he wen t away from (right ) here - t cc g cc s cct

’ 8 ’
, 5 n6 .
ta he j ust c ame from the river

,
.
t a -n -e (t cc d e i c urs ; t a n e to burst forth [ t cc by

’ ’ ’ ’
, ,
.
hi ttin g ; -n -e un explain ed] h e ig cc m iH n t c t ccd e i the “ ’

.
, ,
water is about to b u rst forth h e ig cc t cc n e it (the wate r ) .

’
,
already burst forth e InI burst forth ! (s aid to water ) .

’
.
t cc -h H —t
’
p un c t n e g ; t cc t d cc c urs ; t a t l d cc fut .
’
, .
’ ’
,
.
fut ne g ; f a t l to listen to [ cp t a -t H dl
.
’
, .
’ “
dou to lis ten to ; t cc to hear ; -t l -t H dl un explain ed]

’
,
’
,
“
.
d ei—t cc t I l isten ed h ccn d ei

’
,
I did no t listen m iH n . .
d ei-t a t d cc I am about to listen d ei I s h al l l iste n

’
.
,
.
h ccn d é i I shall n o t listen b ei-t cct l listen ! poue .

’
,
17 2 BURE AU or AMERIC AN ET HNOLOGY
also in b H o u-t se io u ,
’
c at ] . Cp .
-
t cc iH ,
’ ’
faw -
n ; t ccp p H d l,
“
buffalo
b ull .
t cc (an . II ; f cc g cc ‘
’
, t pl ; t @ .
’
in spoon . Cp t c . c-h I H
’
-
f cc t ccn ,
“ ’
spoon .
f cc , Ecc
~
mean angry in t cc cc c In to go off
’
, , to feel , angry ; f cc H,
-’
angry ; f cc -b H to go off an gry ; f cc -hou t to go off angry ; t cc -f cc

'
’ ’ ’ ’
, , ,
to be angry [cp f cc—n to be mean ; cc -dei to be mean ; Tewa t é t o .

,
’ ’
,
‘
,
be angry] .
f cc to go o fl angry [ cc-c In to walk go ] ’ ’

, , .
I wen t away m a d .
c Q e
- H to
’
feel a n gry [H to c ome ] n cc H - f c H I feel an gry
c- ’
, .
’ ’
, .
acc-e (f cc-e-
s
m cc s m ooth sleek [ Tewa cj-n y H to be smooth]

, ,
’
, .
- - - s ooth - t pi a ate poue

'
Cp cc f cc e dl -k —f c
’ ’
i
’
. m ; p o u cc cge
,
n c ; ce n t; , ,
- to be bald k ob - -
; t e p o ut n sleek an d
'
t f
”
t Hn ge c , ; cc c n ,
roun d ; t cce-p t to sweep ; e t c “

H - t ccem cc a smooth sti c k
,
.
’
, .
-b oc in a n II - c - c - c -b oc plan e
; t cc c d l
p ) i t cc c
’
t cc c (
’
c -ccc cm n H
“
,
. . . .
t cc c eI
c c m
’
to make s,
m ooth [ c eI
c m to make ] C p H - c -
t cc c ac —b cc ’ ’
,
. .
’ ’ ’ ’
,
plan e .d é i—t oge I am goin g to m ake it smooth .
t cce- k cct - -t in an II f -k cct - d l f -k cct - i

(
“ ’ “ “ “
g cc ; ccc n p ; cc e .
n n ,
.
kn ob -k oc-t un explain ed ; -g cc t ] t S H t
“
door kn ob ’
.
t ogek cct n -s y Hd cc d ei-bou I s aw t h e little knob (at e n d of

“ ’
stamen ) ,
Icce pout n
- — t
( qe -pou t -
g cc -t roun d lit sleek roun d in ’
, , .
,
t ccdl (t ccn) -t ccep o u t n

“
ki dney lit sleek rou n d liv e r (le t ) t ccep o u t , , .
-e i- oc c herry t e idl b I -t c k n ee c ap [ t cce sm ooth ;

n g ; , c I gep o ut n ,
-pou -t un explain ed e v meanin g roun d ; -n ] ,

. .
f ccep o u t n
J e i-
g (oc in a n II t
; Hep o u t n - c i d p l t ep no u t - ci in
.
“ ’
, .
’
c herry [ rou n d fruit] k cII-t Hep o ut n -e i-g oc bla c k

“ ’
.
,
t cce p i - “
i( n an II ; t
l H -d cc
-’ ’
broom , = t cce .
“
ccc p i
— “
l H
—’
t -d cc smooth wipe sti c k

[ ]
“
p .
t cce p t , to sweep [ to smooth wipe]

- - -
Cp t ogep i l H d cc, t ccc p t -
“ “ ’ ’ “
. .
d cc, broom n t t ccep fiH dl d cc , I am going to sweep

’
- . .
-
fq e p t -d cc (app in an II ; t cce p iH dl , d pl ) broom ,
- - = -
f cIe p i l
“ “ “
. . .
H d cc [ smooth wiper]
’ ’
.
t cce t e idl in H t cce t e idl , a clearin g [ app s mooth o u t , s e e t ei-dl]

- - - -
'
“ ’ ’ “ “
. .
-
f ccm adv prefix , fir st , in liccm d cc, to be foremost ; Iccm dou , to
.
- - ’
plac e foremost ; t ccm h y lI e-g oc verb pre p o un d , fir st ; t ccm -kcc, to

- ’
be the first (lyin g ) ; t ccm -t se idl , to be the first (standin g ) ; m -dei , m

to the first (stan din g ) ; { ccm -goup , to hit the first time ; e t c .
m bein t ccm toup , tipi pin ; t ccm t Q IId cc, han dle
- -
H
C - “
.
-
m
m -HI n eI, to measure
)
Scc m in “ ’
.
C
-’ cn in an III
c ( ) , measure [ cp mc ccn eI, to II e as ure ]
* ’
. . .
t ccm ccn H d cc (in a n II , t ccm ccn H

- - t ccm ccn H -in
-
’ ’ ’ “ ’ ’ ’ ’
.
measuring stick , rul er measure sti ck] [ .

nm m m o n] V O C ABU LA RY o r KI CW A .
LANGUAGE 17 3
*
Ecc Hn e I (t ccm
’
fut ; t ccm ccn in
- ’
. to m eas ure [ app .
t ccm first ; H-n—eI

-’ ’
as in t o u d lcc -b H
’
to taste of] Cp . .
f ccm ccn , m easure ; t cm

- measuring sti ck
’ ’
c ccn .
tc cm -d cc to be foremost [d cc to be]
, H m k cn
c n -t cm -d cc
c ,
.
’ “ ’
,
your n am e is forem ost .
t cgm -dou to pla c e foremost ; to be ahead ; to put o n (e g shirt )

’
, . .
first [ dou to hold] ky Hh I H e i-t ccm -d o u the m an is at

’
,
.
’ ’ ’ ’
,
the head (of those marching ) n cc d ei-t ccm -dou I am at the head .
’
,
of the c olumn n t -mm I am go ing to put it (the shirt )

.
o n first .
f cgm -h y II e-g oc verb pre po und first to begin [ t ccm

’
first ; -h y II e , ,
’
intens ive ; -g oc] H-t cm h 1 thi s is

'
h d i h ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
-t ’
eI c c e eI cc c y I eg
. cc a
the first tim e that I c ame here h e ig cc m -t ccm h y II eg cc-d cc pH e g cc .
’ ’
,
he began to sing h e ig cc d é i-t cgm h y II eg cc-g u ccn I began to dan c e .

’
, .
h e ig cc n t -t ccm h y n eg cc I began to work k y H h I ’

.
“ ’ ’
c c h e ig cc n t —f cm h I
c y I eg cc tomorrow I shall ’
begin to work .
t ccm -tou -p (in an II ; t ccm -t o ndl tipi pin (used for stakin g
.
, ,
bas e of tipi to the groun d ) [possibly t cc-m as in t c n -t cIId cc “

,
handl e ; t o u-p sti ck] , :

t ccm -t ciI d cc (in an II ; t ccm -t ou d pl ; t ccm -t cII in
“
han dl e “ “
—
,
. .
(e g of
. fryi ngp ) [ c
a n. t m
c possibly as in t m
cc
-toup tip i in
p ; app ,
.
-t
cu
“
sti c k (p
c tou
,
-
p sti c k tou -
p ha n dle ); -d cc
] . C p tou —
p , , ,
. .
,
handl e .
f cc-n (f og-n-g oc to be mean cross [cp f cc f cc mean angry ;

, ,
.
,
c I I s aw a
-dei to be m ean
e I IH H
-t ccn -d e i -b I
'
’ ’
h
’
cc ] ,
t s n .
,
c ross dog h H o u d e i t s e Ih y o up b eit -Iccng cc d é i-b cII I s aw sever al

’
,
.
c ross dogs Hn-t ccn he is c ross Hm t s e h iH Hn—t ccn your

'
’ ’ ’
.
,
. I ,
dog is c ro ss .
t cc p re p o un d referrin g to bein g an gry ; s e e f cc

’
f cc in t s H -t c -dei wea s el [ s aid to mean resemblin g a prairie dog :

'
’ ’ ’
,
t s H prairie dog ; -dei]

,
.
f cc-b H to go off angry [b H to go ] H-t cc-b H I wen t (o ff ) mad

’ ’ ’
, ,
. .
,
t cc-b iH buffalo horn spoo n [real spoo n : f cc spoo n ; -b IH real ]

'
’
, ,
.
t Q -hou-t to s eparate an d travel o ff an gry [ t cc referring to bei n g

’ ’
,
angry ; hou to travel ; t to sever o n e ] éI m -t cc h o u f H d l

,
.
’
hei dl they separated an d wen t o ff aggrieved

,
.
f cc-dei (an II ; t c -dou-p

’
. gall h H o u d e i t q d o up d e I -b cII
’
,
.
’ ’
,
I s aw several galls .
f c d e i-s cch y ei (t cc d e i-s a h y e i-b oc

’
green [gall blue]
‘
’ ’
,
.
t cc-t cc to be angry aggrieved hurt in feelin g disappoin ted [ t cc to

’ ’ ’
, , , , ,
be aroun d] H -t cc I w as aggrieved .
’ ’
,
.
f cc-t ccn (an II ; f cc -t cc—d cc

’ “
spoo n [ f cc spoo n ; -t ccn dim ]
.
’ “ ’
, ,
“
,
.
t H -dl to be s evered = t -n
, [ p
c t H -t to sever
; Tewa t s c i to s e v er
,
.
, , ,
t scI-Ij to be severed] , t dl
H it (a stri n g ) is broke n t H l
d h eI
- .
,
.
17 4 BURE AU OF AME RICAN ET HNOLOGY [ am . 84
d cc, it is no t broken .
y H e b cc t H dl n -b
cu, I s aw the broken rope ,
=
y e b cc
H t
“
H tn n
-b
cII ; but y H e b cc t “
H tn n t -b clg I s aw the ,
broken piec es of rope .
f H e -gou-p (in an II ; t H e -dei c over lid [ w. f H -e c p possibly

“
, , . .
t H -d cc to shut ; -gou-p]
’
.
,
fH- p ( a n II ; f H - t l
p p . deers or a n telopes ; but f a -seidl app an II
,
.
,
’
,
. .
c o ll s used as t pl m g an telope s t H -p t cc-p t cc in deer

'
’
. .
, ,
.
an telope [c p t cc-p f cc deer an telope ; Tewa f c an telope] .

’
,
‘
,
.
p b H the deer (or a

,
n telope ) we n t t é i-b H the t l deer or
p ( .
’
,
.
an telopes ) wen t ; but t ccs e idl é i-b H the t pl an telopes wen t ’ ’

,
. .
t a -seidl n -b cII I s aw the herd of an telopes

’
,
.
-H d l cc -p eip (in an a bush sp [ deer or an telope plum bush]

p
’ ’ “
. . .
p e H to go deer hun ting [ e H to go h un tin g]

- ’
, , .
- c -dei (an II ; p - I c-d cc deer an tler

p gu g g Ic .
, .
t -k I -
cI n
“
(t -k
cu g
- cc -t deer sp [ black deer] “ ’
,
. .
t - ccd l-d cc
p
“
to be deer -c olored
,
- ccdl
p un explain ed] “
.
- ccd l-d cc he a horse is deer-c olored

t ( )
“
p ,
.
-d cc skin s c raper - deer a telope here referring to

p -t
cu [ t,
H p n , ,
bu ckski n cp f cc-k cce bu ckski n ; t I-d cc s c rape] Cp p oc-mI-d cc

,
.
’ “
, ,
. .
“
,
fur s craper .
"
t H -t (t H d cc pun c t n e g ; t d cc c urs ; t H dl d cc fut ; f H dl imp ;
’ ’ ’ ’
, , ,
. . . .
,
t H dlh e idl in f ) to sever o n e c u t o n e to break a strin g in o n e

, , , ,
plac e Tplo c orrespo n den t t H to sever sever al [cp t H -dl o n e

. .
“ ’
,
.
,
is severed ; t H to sever several ; t H -t -n sever al are severed ;

“ ’ “
, ,
Tewa t sé to sever t scI-Ij to be severed] Cp c I-t

,
to bite in
, , . .
,
two (e g a rope ) ; hou-t to sever o n eself from others an d travel

. .
,
o ff . ki e idl y H e b H n -t yesterday I broke the rope in

“
,
-f H dld cc I shall break it in two m iH n n t d cc I am

‘
’
t wo n .
,
.
—
,
about to break it in two h ccn n I did n o t break it in .
two h ccn m iH n n
. I am n o t about to break it in t w o .
poue H-t H dl d cc do n o t break it in two ! H

’ ’
,
break it in t w o ! ’
H-k ou-t H dl break it n o w ! hei t n c t -t H dl let us break it in

’ “ ’
, ,
two ! hei t poue t -t H dl d cc let us n o t break it in t wo ! ky Hh I H ’

,
’ ’
t n cc (H Q ) n -b I
cI I s aw the m an break it in t w o d ei- iH
p ,
.
“
t H dl d cc I am going to c u t a c ross the hill lit I am goin g to c u t the ,

.
hill k o upcc cI
. c u t it for me right in t h e c e n t er !
.
’ ’
k ccdl
éI c u t me a pie c e of ice !
’
t e In
-t H -t between in -t -b H t -d cc -t -n between
' ' '
, , ,
.
,
~t -b H p o s t p ,
-t b a -t between -t H -t between ; -b H
.
— ’
, ,
p o s t p at ] . {
,
s o u -t b H between the s to n es
. ci ,
.
’
pie lit between bread

,
. .
-t -d cc p o s t p between -t H -t between ; -d cc] kou p -t d cc

'
.
, ,
.
H-t a
’
I c am e from between the two moun tains kou p -Et oc
, .
H
’
I am going to go between t h e two moun tains .
17 6 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (m a s;
t He -k cc’ d turn ip [white cylin dri c al : w

l e i, l -e i c p kccd l—d cc .
-kcc’-d .
,
to be c yl in d ri c al] .
t He-k ac -t e I-g cc -t (in an II ; t He-k cc-t e I c otto n thr ead [ c otto n

“ ’ ’ “ ’
.
,
c loth thread ] .
t He-k cc -d cc (in an II ; t He c otto n cloth [ wh ite blanket]

“ ’ “
. .
t He-k cc d cc d ei—b cu I s aw a pie c e of c otto n cloth f He -k oc

“ ’ “ ’
, .
t -b l I s aw some c otto n cloth

n cg ,
.
f He-s o u-dei-d cc to be c ross -eyed [ app t He to be white ; -sou un

, .
,
explain ed ; —dei ; -d cc] .
t He-s o u-dei-kiH (an I ; f He—so u d e i-g oc c ro s s -eyed m an .

,
.
t Hc-s y Hn-h H -dei (in an I ; f He-s y Hn -dei dim e [W hite small o n e

’
.
,
h H -dei thin g ; but for d pl simply -dei w as volun teered]

’
.
,
.
f He-tou (in an I ) c an vas ten t [white house] .

, .
-dei t -d cc t l -d e idl in moun tain

t -d e idl an II
( ; t p t.
,
.
lio n [ un explain ed] Cp t H white s e e -t H

'
’
,
. . .
t H-h o u dl to c heat [ t H un explain ed ; hou-dl to kill ]

’ ’
, ,
.
IH-m e I to su c kle [ cp f H to suc k] H e I I su ckled

-t m
’ ’
, n . .
,
him .
tei-d H -tsei to splic e [ t e i-d H un explain ed ; tsei to put o n e in insert

, , ,
-t e id H t se id cc I am goin g to spli c e it e g a rope ’

o ne ] .
n ( ) , . . .
t e id e i-e i—g oc (also t e id e i-e i-b oc; in an II ; t e id e i-ci (wild )

’ ’ “ ’
.
,
grape fruit [ f e i—dei un explain ed ; ci-g oc] Cp ko u dl-t H p-ci-g oc ’

. .
v
“
,
fall grape .
t e id e i-ci-k u cc n wild grape mush

’ ’
.
,
t e id e i- e i-p eip (in an grape vin e

’ “
. .
butto cks rum p Cp p oue—t e idl

'
t e i-dl (an II ; f e i-t —d cc

“
.
, ,
. . .
’
H dl -d H - g u ccn to ’
tu r n somersau l t ; t e idl -k i ei-tsou ba c kward
, ; ,
t e idl -seip yellowj a cket lit tail stabber ; t ou-dl Z H -dl rump
“
.
, ,
.
,
t e id l- H H t -d cc (in an II ; f e idl lum p o n butto c ks

’ ’ “
. .
t e idl -b II ; t e idl —b t pl ; -
f e idl b cII in [w
’
(an II-g oc,
’
cII .
c . . .
t e i-dl alf of leg possibly for t e i-dl

cp . f e i—p , plus -p c pc ,
t e i-t , .
tou-p stick for tou —t p ; or po s sibly f e i-dl butto cks ; —b cII un

, ,
—
,
’
,
explain ed] .
f e idl b cII -t cgep o u t -n ( II t l -f t -a- knee

'
id b
’ ’
an ; e I
cI Hep o u g t .
,
c ap [ t He- pou t-n roun d] ,

.
t e idl—kiH -dei adv ba ckward o n head [ Ee i-dl butto c ks ; -

,
kiH un
.
, ,
explain ed —dei] Cp t e idl-k i ei-t s ou ba ckward t e idl

. .
,
.
ki ei dei he is stan ding o n h is head ,

.
t e idl -k i ei-tsou adv backward o n head —tsou] ,

f e idl .
, ,
.
k i ei-ts ou H- H I am wal king (lit c oming ) ba ckward = t e idl

’ ’
.
,
k i ei-tsou H ’
f e id l-p o u d l (an II ; t e idl -pou t —d cc pinworm .

,
.
f e id l-se ip (an II ; t e id l-sei p -d cc yellow j acket [ tail (or rump )

.
,
s t in ger : -seip as in m H-sei p -kiH C addo m an lit p i erc ed-nose ’

, ,
.
m an ; c p s e ib cc to stab] .
,
.
Hm m m om VOCA BU LA RY OF KrowA LANGUAGE 177
t e idl s e ip-k cII-n “

(an . II ; t e idl se ip -
k ou - cc’ t
g , t pl .
, black horn et
[ bla ck yellow j acket] .
-
t e idl se ip p e Inh H ,
’
yellow-j ac ket ho n ey .
t e idl se i -p tou in n
( a I ) ho n ey c omb [ yellow -j a c ket house
.
] ,
.
t e i-p (an II ; f e i-p-d a . c alf of leg [ c p possibly t e i- dl butto cks , .

,
f e i-dl-b cH kn ee] ’
.
,
t e i-t (in an I ) soft ex c remen t Cp s cc n excremen t ’

,
. . .
,
.
t e I n (in an
— hail sto n e Cp f eIn
. sleet particle . . .
t e In n -b cII I s aw a hail sto n e t eIn seip it hailed

,
.
,
.
t eI-n e I (an II ; f e I-n o u-p t pl ; t e I-n e I-t in

. b ird [ cp T ewa ,
. .
t s i-ré bird ] , Cp k u cct o u bir d ; f e In e It -t se io u chi c ken ; m ccns cc

. .
, ,
f e In e I hummin gbir d lit thumb bi d p eip -t eIn e I-g u ccdl s cc h y e i

'
“ ’
r
.
, , ,
t e In e I s H -t eIn eI b ir d sps ; mI-f e In e I kill dee lit water b ird

'
’
, ,
. .
, ,
.
t eIn e It -t se io u (an II ; f e In e It -t se io u-p t pl ; t e In eIt -t se io u in c omp )

.
, . .
c hi c ken [ domesti c bird ] t e In e It t s e io u p n c c- oce I have a lot ’

,
.
of chi cken s .
f e In —p H t - -t in an II t n - H t - d l f - H t- in
(
“ ’ “ “
g cc ; eI p n p ; eI p n n .
, .
sleet particle [fine hail sto n e] f e Inp H t n sei p it sleeted .

“
, .
t eIn -p Hn (an II ; t e In -p H-d cc n ame of an uniden tified in tern al

“ “ ’
,
.
organ [t e In un explain ed ; -p H-n said to mean thin cp possibly “

, , .
t - fin e thin ]
“
p H n , ,
.
f eIn—seip hail [ hail sto n e rain]

,
.
t o u to be c old [cp t o u-dl sn ow ; Tewa t i to be c old] Cp f o u - p out ’ “

, , .
, ,
. .
shade ; f o u-d ccm n orth lit c old c oun try n -koudou - tou ,
. .
,
it is very c old (of weather ) n -f o u eIh cc d e i k iH it is c old .

’ ’ “
,
today = eIh cc d e i k iH n -f o u t o u it is c old

,
’ ’ “
.
, .
t o u p re p o un d form of t o u -b H fa c e [ Tewa f s e fa c e] , , .
t o u spotted in m cgn -t o u-k u cc salaman der sp [ cp t o u—e spotted ;

’
,
.
,
.
Tewa OII -Ij S potted] ’

, .
f o u-H H t -d cc (in an II ; t o u lump o n the fac e

’ ’ “
. .
t o n-b H (in an III ; t o u in fac e [c p f o u—p fa c e fro n t former]

. .
, , .
C p f o ub H e fa c e z fo ub H my fa c e
’
. nc ,
.
,
.
f o u—b H -e (in an III ) fa c e

’
.
,
t o ub H -k oce (in an c radl e hood [ fa c e skin ]

’ “
. .
f o u-b e i—bei at the fro n t [t o u p re p o un d form of t o ub H fac e ; -bei-bei

, , ,
t o ub e ib e i z c fron t tooth —
,
.
f o u-b e i-gu oc forward toward the w ay o n e is fa c ing ; from no w o n

, ,
[ t o u fa c e ;
-bei at ;
-gu oc toward
] hei t b e I
,
-k ou
,
.
“
f o ub e igu cc let us mar c h forward ! f o ub e igu cc poue e Ih cc h ccn d e i

’ ’
,
b H-ccdl k cce
’
from no w o n do n t ye t pl do anythin g wrong !
“ ’
.
t o n-d ccm n orth [ t o u to be c old d ccm c oun try] Cp S H dl -d ccm ‘

. .
, ,
south t o u-d ccm -bei H-t cc I was up n orth t o u-d ccm -

'
’
.
n ,
.
’
H I w as up n orth :
17 8 BUREAU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ s um ac
t o u- dl (in an I ) sn ow [c p f o u to be c old] .
, cn m .
,
. f o u dl-d ’
,
down in the snow un der the sn ow t o u dl seip it sn owed lit , .

, , .
s n ow-rain ed .
f o u-dl in f o u dl -k d l bush sp [ cp f out -k d l spittle]

“ “
. .
, .
f o u-dl in t o u dl -cc to ta s te good

’
.
,
fo u dl -
cc (t o u dl
’
pun c t n e g ) to taste good be sweet [t o u dl .
, ,
—
un explain ed ; -cc as in cc -gu ccd o u e n ’

to taste good] Cp
’ ’ ’ ’
, . .
to sweeten h H -tsou h cc f o u dl cc how (does

'
t o u dl -og
’ ’
.
, ,
it taste ) ? does it tas te good ? f o u dl cc it tas tes good (ans ) ; ,
also it tastes sweet ; c t k g d e i it tastes bad H dl cc fo ndlccd e i .

’
,
.
’ ’ ’ ’
-b I
c I I s a w,
the sweet apples h ccn t o u dl cc g cc it does n o t taste .
’ ’
,
good = f o u dl cc -h eI d cc
,
’
.
f o u dl -cI to sweeten [c ans of t o u dl-cc to be sweet] ’

, .
n
-f o u dl c
c I am goi n g to sweeten it
’
.
- to taste of - - as -EI n eI to
‘
t ’
f o n dl cc b i
’
b
’ ’
H H c eI
c n n ccm ,
meas ure] kiH -t so u e n -f ou l

.
-b H I took a taste ’
of the soup Hm H-t o u dlczb H . taste O f it ! h ccn n -t o udl cc

’ ’ ’ ’
d id n o t taste of it -bou -t o u dl c -b H -c i m c
g I
’ ’
bH gy c c c g .
,
taste of it all the tim e n -fo ud cc -b H I shall taste .

’
of it n -fo u dl cc -b H
. I shall n o t taste of it hei t n cc
’
.
b H-t o u dlcc —b H let us taste of it

’
.
f o ud l-k d l -H -d cc (in an II ; f o ndl —k d l bush sp I t

“ ’ ’ “ “
. .
grows o n the prairie an d resembles sagebrush I f y o u break a .
s tem there oozes out a gum resemblin g spittle [ c p f ou t -k d l

“
.
,
spittle] .
f o u dl -t cII s n ow water
“
.
,
fo u —e s potted in f o u e -
g u cct to spot ;
,
t o n e -k u cct spotted [t o u , ,
spotted as in Tewa (hr-II to be s potted ; -e i]

, ,
.
t o n e-g u cct to spot [gu oc-t to mark] n -f o u e - u ccdl d cc I am ’

, g ,
.
,
going to spot it .
f o u-k u cct spotted [ku cc-t marked]

, n -f o u e -k u cct it is , .
,
s potted t s e I-t Oue -k u cct g cc dei-

. b cII I s aw the t pl spotted horses , . .
t o u-p fa c e fro n t former in f ou p-d e i fron t former ; f ou p-g oc

, , , , , ,
before ; -t o u-p-t H e o n top of ; t ou p-t ei-d cc fa c e powder p arti cle

'
“ “
, ,
f -b H fa c e
[ p
c . o u ] ,
.
t o u p -d e i fro n t former in f o u pd e i-H -d cc wago n to ngue ; f o u pd e i

’ ’
, , , ,
k iH day before yesterday ; t o u pd e i-p H e last s ummer [ fo u -p

“
, ,
fa c e fro n t former ; -dei]

, ,
.
f o u pd e i-H -d cc (in an II ; f o u pd e i wagon to ngue [fron t

’ ’ “
.
pole] .
f o u pd e i-k iH day before yesterday c dl -t o u d e i-k fiH former

p
“ ’
,
k cc [ ,
day] .
t ou p -g oc adv before [ t o u-p fa c e ; -g oc] f o u pgcc n -t clIt H e

“
, .
, .
n cc s cct (kn y H ) c I cu I spoke to him before he s aw me

-b ’
,
.
18 0 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ nm . 84
n e I h e ig cc n
-h o udl-t s
t I when I kill ed the m an I ran t- -’
m He ,
away t -f cum -H e let you an d me run away ! t -c m -H e

.
’
,
’
,
run away ! n cI -f l m -H e he ran away ’

, .
t ciIm -t a to c ome as a fugitive [ t s H-n to arri ve] , f clIm -t a , .

,
he c ame home as a truan t or fugitive .
po st p .
, beyo n d ac rossbeyo n d , . Also - - “
- -
in t oc e , t oc e , t oc-p ,
““
.
tou-é idl-t oc H-t a I c ame from the other side of the big
’ “ ’ ’
,
house p cc -t oc H-ki l I live a cross the river p cc -t oc H-t a

.
’ ’ “ ’ ’
, .
’ ’ “ ’ ’
,
I c ame fro m a cross the river k t I c c-t cc -dei k iH t a t cc she

'
“ ’ “ ’ “ ’
.
,
will c o m e day after tomorrow k iH s cc in m i d aftern oo n after .

“
,
n oo n w ay over there
’
o ug cc . .
t oc-dl (t oc-t -d cc lean k t -t ccdl

n cI -b I I s aw the
“ “ ’ “
IH
“
”
.
, ,
lean m an k t I H-t cct g cc d ei-b cH I s aw the lean m an Rou p

.
’ ’ “
, .
k oce-t ccdl lean elk rec en t p e rsn of Mr Jam es W aldo

“ “
,
“
,
. . .
t oc-e adv beyo n d Also used as p o s t p beyo n d ; -ci]

“
. . .
, ,
.
t cce —dei-wIn overc oat

'
“
.
,
-t oc-e
“
p o st p ,
beyo n d ; also p o s t fix e d to the word for o n e hun d red
.
,
in form ing n umerals beyo n d o n e hun dred Al so used as adv . .
Cp —t cce -g oc apart from O u e ig cc-t oce h eI m he di ed over

“ ’ “ ’
,
.
,
.
there k cc d o uk IH-t cce p H g cc o n e hun dred an d o ne

.
’ “ “ ’
,
.
- t oc-e -g oc p o s t p apart from -t oc-e beyo n d ; -g oc] -t cce cc

“ “ ’ “
, p cc
.
, g ,
.
H-ki l I live w ay off from the river

’
,
.
-t oc-
“
p p o s t p beyo,
n d -t oc beyo n d —
; p] .
,p o
c -t cc
p H -
a mH I
“ ’
.
’ ’ “ ’
,
am goin g to c ross th e river p cc -t ccp him he crossed to the other .

’ ’ “
,
side of the river e Im g cc-t ccp b H-b H let us go (up ) this w ay ! ’ “
”
,
.
-t oc-t —b H in H -t cct
“
-t d cc c hai r said to mean wood o n e sits
’ ’ “
,
on [ w -t oc-t c
p t cc -d cc . t a iH to seat
“
t cc -
n saddle ; .
“ ’ “
,
“ ’
,
- Cp t cc -H -d cc elm tree li t sad dl e or sit tree

“ ’ ’ ’
bH .
, ,
. .
t oc-t -g oc
“
fut ; t cct d e i to shoot [ Tewa Oc -Ij to .
“
,
‘
,
shoot] Op p o n-t cctg cc to ven t win d ; m ccn-p o u dl-t cct g cc to sn ap

. .
°
“ “
,
“
,
the fin gers zei t -dou t cct g cc he shot him with the arrow
.
“
, .
-t cct cc he shot at me H-t cct d e i shoot him !

cI
’ “ ’ “
g ,
.
,
p pr e o nn d form of t a -
n sad dl e “ ’
,
.
t
“ " in t cc very far ; t cc -g oc far
“ “ ’
.
,
t cc - H -d cc (in an II ; t cc elm tree [saddl e tree so c all ed

“ ’ ’ ’ “ “ ’
,
.
be c aus e t h e wood is good for makin g saddl es] .
t cc -b oc beyo n d ba c k of in y iH -n -t cc -b oc o n both sides

“ ’ ’ “ ’
,
.
, , ,
beyo n d ; -b oc p o s t p at] ’
,
.
, .
t a -d cc
“ ’
fut to seat [ cp t cc . .
“
iH
’
to seat ; t cc-n saddle] Cp s oce to seat h e ig cc
“ ’
,
. .
,
.
I am go ing to seat him H seat hi m ! .

’
A
H RRIN TON ] G V O CA BU LA RY OF KI O WA LANGUAGE 18 1
t a -g oc,
“ ’
far [ cp . t cc -b IH,
“ ’
very far] .
“
t cc g cc
’ ’
H-t S H n I c ame from
way O ff .
T cc-gue-k iH (an II ; T cc -gue-d cc Apa che m an g e n

“ ’ “ ’
.
, , .
n ame for Ap a c he in clud ing Kiowa A pa c he [ un explain ed ; - g u -e app

,
.
distinc t from Gu-e -n -kiH Pawn ee m an ; -kiH ] Cp SeIt t , . .

,
Ki owa A pac he .
t ccg u e -
“
s e I-g oc (
’
in a n II ; t ccg ue -s e I san d bur A kin d of weed .
“ ’
, .
that exten ds five feet or more along the groun d flat o n the groun d ,
[ Ap ac he c a c tus] .
6 -
t ec
“
n (
8
in a n III ; t a in sad dl e [ p
c t cc.
—d cc “ ’
.
“ ’
H
’
to seat] ,
.
-t cc - “
n p o
’
s t p beyo n d beh
,
in d -
c I m -b H q v -t oc -
; n ]
.
, , , , . . .
T c oc - k oup Sad dl e Moun tain c p Moo n ey p 4 2 4 [saddle moun tain]

“ ’
.
, , ,
.
, .
t cc- b IH farthest very far [ t cc as in t a -g oc far -b IH real very]

“ ’ “ ’ “ ’ :
, , , , , .
-t cx h iH very t cc h IH o u e ig a H d cc that is the

“ ’
Cp ki
“ ’ ’
H . .
,
farthest tree .
t a -h e I m to be hun gry starve [w t cc cp t oc-dl lean ; h e I m to

“ ’ ’ “ ’ “ ’
,
. .
, , ,
die] H-t cc-h eIm H I am hun gry I am starvin g to death

.
’ “ ’
, , .
h e ig cc H—t a -h eI m I starved to death h e ig cc H-t a I

’ “ ’ ’ ’ “ ’
.
,
sh all starve h e ig cc H-t cc -h I Hy IH they say I w as starvin g n cc .

’ “ ’ ’
,
H-t cc -h I Hh e idl I starved to death

’ “ ’
H
’
Im —t cc - b I H starve ! poue ,
.
’ “ ’ ’
,
;I
c m -t cc
’‘
do n
“
o t starve
’
! hei t b H-t cc - b H let us starve
“ ’
I
’
to death ! h ccn H-t cc-h eIm cc I am no t hun gry ’ “ ’

, .
t cc
“
- iH
’ ’
to seat [ p
c t a -d cc to seat] .
“ ’
.
I am goin g to seat them d

‘
n egIn .
- t cc in k ccn c
“ ’
spider [ cp kcc n cgt-sccp o uy -iH fly]
’ ’
.
’ “
,
.
“
t cc—n to find Cp p oc e to lose n c Ic
-t cn h I cn . .
’
, .
“ ’
n I fou n d it o n
,
the road p H e n -t cn I foun d a wat c h
c .
“
, .
- t cc—n (t cc in c omp ) dim in m H-t ccn little girl ; t ccdl -fi rm ki dn ey ;

“ “ ’
. .
’ “
, ,
f ccdl bean ; f Q -t cgn spoo n ; t s cc-t cc -d cc matern al aun t ’ “

,
“ ’
, .
Cp - H dim
’
. .
,
-t c dim s e e -t n
“ ’ “
c cc .
,
.
t cc -g oc (in an II ; t cc d pl ; t cc in c omp ) c ul tivated gourd fruit

“ ’ “ ’ “ ’
. .
, _ . .
Cp k o uk cII-b cc wil d gourd fruit

.
,
.
c -goup gourd vin e

“ ’
t c ,
.
t H (an I ; t ei t H -g oc t pl ; t H in wife woman Cp

“ ’ “ “ ’ “ ’
.
, , .
, . .
iH
’
daughter iH -t H -t ccn brother s daughter ; t H -dei t ,
’ “ ’ “
,
’ “ ’
,
have a wife ; t H -dl -iH patern al gran dmother ; t j app dim “ “ ’
little wife iii t H-dei matern al gran dmother ; t H-giH patern al

, _
. .
,
“ ’ “ ’
, , ,
gran dmother cc-t H -oce he had a lot O f wives . nc c t H

’ “ ’ ’
, .
“ ’
,
my wife O ue id e i t ei dei-b cII I saw his wives = O u e id e i t H g cc

.
’ “
, ,
’ “ ’
dei-b cII .
t
“
H
’
pun c t . ne g ; urs ;
“
t H g u cc,
’
c . fut ; .
f ut . ne g ; t H
“ ’
, to sever several , out several So c orre . .
sp o n d e n t t H -t [ p
c t H -
t, . to sever o ne ; cc—t ’ “
-
c n,
c
’
t o make a clearing ;
18 2 B U RE A U OF AMERI CAN ET HNOLOGY (s o m e;
’
- -
H t cg e
’
- “
'
t ei
a clearin g ; an d possibly -dl to be un able]
,
- ct’-t “ -m c’
p H c, .
Cp t t n H . several “
are severed ccd l to ,
c u t hair oc t -t n t -d cc .
’
.
’ “
,
s c alp H -t H -b oc s aw t cc
.
’
to chop sever al down or off
’ “ ’
,
.
’
.
n I c u t them h ccn n I shall n o t c ut .
H c u t them ! H-t H -hou go and c u t them !

’ ’ “ ’
,
to pierc e in d ccm -t H dl toad sp lit makes a hole in the ,

“
,
.
, .
groun d ; cII k -t H d l bu c keye lit bla c k

“
pier c e ; t H dl hole “
;
- t -
g oc , ,
.
“
, ,
borer ; e t c .
t H in t H -e - t H -e o n top
“ “
.
, ,
- t H in o u t -t H c arryin g strap of quiver c radl e e t c

“ ’ “
.
, , ,
t H
“
in cII-t H to be happ y ’ “
.
t H ccn-n
“
adv in town [ t H an fr E ng town ; -n ]
,
.
,
t H ccnn
“
,
. . .
“
H ’
I w as in town .
t H -dl hole [ cp t H to pierc e] Cp m cc -t H dl n ostril ; f cc

“ “ ’ “ ’
. .
,
.
,
t H dl earhole ; t H dl -k ou p -n
“
,
smallpox ; -t H t-g oc borer “ “
,
“
,
.
p IH H
—t H dl- d cc the gopher has a hole h H o u d e i t H dl d cc how
’ “ ’ “
n n , .
,
many holes are there ? h H o u d e i t H dl-n in h o w many holes ? ’ “

,
t H dl -k oup p re p o un d form referrin g to smallpox [ t H dl hole po c k ;

“ “ “
, ,
k oup to pain be sore] Cp pou-d oc to be pit marked

“
, ,
. .
, .
t
“
H dl - k ou p -d cc to
“
have smal l pox [ d cc to have, ] H - t H dl , .
’ “
k ou p -d cc I have smallpox
“
,
.
t H dl -
“
k oup -h e I m to die of smallpox [hole sore die ]
“ ’
, t H dl .
“
k oup h e I m he died of s mallpox

-
“ ’
,
.
t H dl-k ou p -n (in an I ) smallpox

“ “
. .
,
t H -e adv 1 o n top ; 2 above Al so used as p o s t p [w t H c p

“ “
. . . .
,
. . .
,
possibly -t H app above formin g n umerals between the ten s ; “

,
.
,
- Cp t H e -b IH o n the very top t H e cI he was

“ “ ’
e i] . .
,
.
sittin g o n top of me t H e kiH s cc d cc d ei-t s e id cc I am goin g to put .

“ ’ ’
,
the kettle o n top (of the ro c k res ts ) .
t H -e
“
verb p re po un d den oting ac c ompanim en t with after alo ng , , , , ,
in t H e -b cc to c ome alo ng ; t H e—d cc to be with ; t t -cc to go

“ ’ “ ’
, ,
al on g .
-t H -e
“
p un c t n e g ; -t H d cc o urs ) in mI-t H e to speak to .
’
, .
“
,
[ mI to say talk] , .
-t H -e 1 o n o n top of of the surfa c e of ; 2 above Also

“
po st p ,
.
, .
, , . .
used as adv Cp -t ou p-t H e o n the surfa c e of ; -m H m above . .

“
,
’
, .
k u cct o ub cc t cII-t H e (or tou -m H m ) ci-p iH h o u t-h o uk cII m

“ “ ’ ’ “ ’
,
the b ir ds are flyin g above the water h H b e i h u ccn -t H e cgIm -t a .

’ ’ “ ’‘
,
o n whi c h road d id you c ome ? Cp h H b e i m -t a where did you ’

.
,
arrive ? cgn fo u p-t H e o n top of the foot t cIIn -t H e y H-k oup

’ “
, .
“ “ “
,
the small of my bac k a ches lit above the tail p H dl-t H e ( IH) ,
. .
“ ’
h eI m he died (right here ) o n this bed é i-t oce -zout - -t

’ ’ ’ ’ “ “
, H t
H c I He I .
,
the log is floatin g o n top of the water tei d ccm -t H e in all the .
“
,
world lit o n top of all the grou n d d ccm -t H e b H-f cc w e in cl

, . .
“ “
,
.
are living o n earth ; cp d ccm -n b H-t cc we are o n the groun d .

, .
184 B URE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ s um ac
t
“
H -t -d cc in
’
oct t H t -
- “
d cc ,
s c alp -t “ H t as in t
“
H-t -n , se v eral are cut ;
-d cc
] .
t H-
“
dou several are erec t in d
’ ’
, dou to rais e selves up ,
l t H-
- “ ’ ’
,
higher ; O u-t H -d o u to have the c hin rais ed ; S H t-d l -t H -dou

’ “ ’ ’
,
“ ’
several stan d erec t with the he at Ss c orrespo n den t f H -dou . .

’
[ f H pre p o un d form of h H to s tan d up ;

’ ’
,
t H t -n
“
stat n e g ; p re p o un d form app t H in t H -d cc to . .
“ ’ “ ’
,
be o u t ) several are s evered Ss c orrespo n den t is t ae dl t -n

, . .
, .
The last form presuppo s es perhaps an un rec orded form t H dl

.
* “
.
"
p re p o un d form of t H wife
“ “ ’
t , .
“
t H r
p p
’
e o u n d for m of t H - cc -t sagebru sh
g
“ ’ ’
, .
t H in t H t -n s everal are severed ; t H —d cc several are severed

“ ’ “ “ ’
, , .
app to light in t H -toup mat ch [cp Tewa f cc-f é -g i to light

.
,
“ ’
, .
,
fire Cp h iH -dl b . to light fire .

— .
-t H -b oc c igar in m c t S H e
“ ’
c igarette lit paper c igar ; f cc k cce
’ ’ “
c , , ,
.
c igar lit white m an c igar Cp t H -b cc t toba cc o parti cle

“ ’ ’
, . . .
, .
-t H -b oc c utter in H -t H -b cc s aw
“ ’
,
to c u t several] ,
’ ’ “ ’
, .
t
“
H - b cc -
’
t (i n an II ; t
’
H -b H d pl ; t Hb H in parti cle or piec e
.
“ ’
,
.
“ ’
of tobac c o [ cp h H -b to smoke] Cp -t H —b cc c igar .

’
. .
“ ’
, .
dei—b cII I saw a pie c e of toba c c o t H b H n -b ou I s aw ,

.
“ ’
toba cc o .
t H b H -goup toba cc o plan t

“ ’ ’
,
.
several sit smokin g in e idl 12y o up ci-t H-b H-I2u ccdl

'
—ku a dl ’ ’ “
, , ,
Old m e n sit smokin g a pipe n ame of the N orthern C rown c o n s tell a ,
tio n [ t H —b H pre p o un d form of h H -b

“ ’
to s moke ; ku ccdl
’ ’
,
several sit ] .
-t H -bei c arrier o ff in c Im
“ ’
,
c hipmu n k lit win d c arrie s him ; , , .
m ccn t s cII hawk sp lit c arrier O ff with c laws ; c In .

, .
tree squirrel lit c arri er O ff (e g pec an n uts ) with teeth [h H b cc to

,
. . .
’
,
lif t c arry o ff],

.
"
t H -d cc several are severed [ t
“ ’
,
app pre p o un d of t H t -n several “
.
“
,
are severed ; d cc] H-t H -d cc I w as all c u t up .

’ “ ’ ‘
,
.
“
t H - dei ’
to have a w ife wi f e ; dei as in
-
kiH -d ei to have a husban d H I am married ’

. .
,
H-t H-d e id e ip I am go in g to be married

’ “
,
.
t -dl in t H-dl -iH boy

“ ‘
“
.
,
t H-dl iH (an I ; t H-dl -you -p t H-dl -y u -e t pl t H-dl -iH in

“ “ “ ’ “
—
, .
.
,
youth boy [ t H-dl un explain ed ; iH c hild

,
“ ’
, ,
t H -dl -iH (an I ; t H dl-you -p t H -dl -y o u -p-g oc t H -

“ ’
. dl -y u-e “ ’
,
“ ’
,
“ ’ ’
,
patern al gran dm other [ cp t H-giH matern al gran dm other ; .

“ ’
,
t H wife
“ ’
wo ,
m a n an d po s sibly t H,
- dl -iH boy] n cc t H dl iH m y ,
“
,
.
“ ’
,
patern al gran dmother o u e ig cc t H dly o up their t pl gran d .

’ “ ’
,
.
m others .
t Hdl iH -d cce boy medi cin e ; s e e Moo n ey p 3 9 0

“
.
,
.
,
m nnm m o ni VO C A BU LA RY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 18 5
"
t H-
“
dou several are ere c t Ss c orrespo n den t
’ ’
, dou [ t H t . . fH -
’ ’ ’ “
app pre p o un d forms of h H to stan d up ;

.
’
,
t H -g cc - t (in an II ; t H -n d pl t H in sagebrush [ un
“ ’ ’ “ “ ’ “ ’
.
,
. .
explain ed] Cp t H -ki l prairie chic ken . t H g cc t dei-b cII .

“ ’
, .
“ ’ ’
,
I saw o n e sagebrush plan t t H n n t -b cII I s aw sagebrush .

“ ’
, .
"
“
-
t H ki l (an II ; t H k t
’
- -d cc prairie c hic ken [ app t
.
“ ’
,
.
“
s agebrush ; —ki l dweller] , .
t H to u p mat c h [ t
“
- ’
-
'
" app to light cp possibly t Q II to burn intr “ “

.
, ,
. .
,
tou-p stick] ,
.
-t H app p o s t p
“
,
above formin g n umerals between the tens e g
. .
, , ,
.
,
y i H —k
IH p H -t
H twe n ty
“
-o n e lit two -t e n o n e -above ’
; y H t s eI
“
—k
IH , ,
.
“
y H t s -t
eI H eighty -eight lit eight -t e n eight -above
“
, B ut the word , . .
for t e n is omitted e g p H —t H eleven (with a prec edin g k cc -k IH ,

. .
’ “
,
’ “
,
t e n suppre ss ed ) ,
In the n umerals beyo n d o n e hun dred .
,
beyon d is suffix e d to k cc d o uk iH hun dred an d in o n e hun dred

,
’ “
,
O n e to o n e hun dred -n in e in clu s1 v e -t H is O f c o u rse n o t added to

“
,
the un it : e g k cc d o u-k H -t cce p H g oc o n e hun dred an d o n e ; but

. .
’ “
i
“
,
k cc d o u-k I H -t oce p H -t H o n e hun dred an d eleven [c p pos s ibly

’ “ ’ “
.
,
t H in t H -e -t H -e o n top above]
“ “ “
, , ,
.
-t H in ccn -t o u
“ ’
to forgive ; kiH
’
to be afraid ; k cc to “ ’
pity ; k ou p to -suffer ; p ei “
to laugh
”
.
t H-e-m e i (app an I ) a sa c red fetish ; s e e Moo n ey p 242 The

“
,
. . . .
word Is spelled t oci me by Mr Moo n ey [ Cp t Hem eI to be “

. . .
“
,
desolate] .
t H-e-m eI to be desolate [ un explain ed cp t He m eI n ame of a sa c red

“ “
, ,
.
fetish] n -t
Hem e I it is solitude s aid of a lo n esome pla c e ;
.
“
, ,
but H—tou ’
I am lo n esome home si ck ,
.
t H-m in t Hm -ts ei to bury ; t Hm -t s e idl to be buried ; e t c

“ “ “
.
, ,
t Hm -t oun (in an III ) grave [ t H-m

“ ’
referrin g to burying ; t ou-n as .
“
in ccdl h @ -t cIIn min e] t Hm -t cIIn n t -b cu I s aw the

’ ’ “ “ “
, ,
.
grave .
t Hm -tsei (t Hm -t s e id cc
“
to bury [ t H-m referrin g to buryin g ;
“ ’
,
“
tsei to put in] , n -t

H m -tsei I buried him
n Hm -t .
“
,
.
“
t se id cc I am goin g to bury him cc-t Hm -t s e ih o u go an d b u ry

’ ’ “
, ,
.
t H
“
m -t s e idl ,
to be buried t -
[ Hm
“
referrin g to burying ; tsei-dl to be ,
t H
“
m- tsei (in a n II ) graveyard
-d cm
c , t Hm t s e id ccm d e I cI I
-b I .
,
.
“
,
saw the graveyard . t Hm t s e id c cm n -b cII I s aw the t pl grave

“
, .
yards .
-tsei-l2iH I -tsei - oc bur ier (m an) undertaker

(
“ “
t H m an ; t H m g .
, ,
-t s ei to bury -kiH
[
“
t H m ; ] ,
.
-t s ei- oc graveyard t H m -t s ei to bury - oc at t Hm t se i

’
]
“ “
[
’ “
t H m y ; y , , ,
.
y oc H’
I am g o In g to go to the graveyard t Hm t s e i
’
.
“
cc -bei- cc -tsou H-t

’
I am from the emeter
’
y y a c e c y , .
18 6 BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (BU LL . 84
-t “ -n in
H tassel (of c orn ) .
t H app d im of t H wife wo m an in t H-dei my or o ur matern al

“ ’ “ ’ “ ’
, , ,
.
.
,
gran dm other ; t H-giH matern al gran dmother “ ’

, .
-
H houp moi s t [c p t cII water]
- ’ ’ “ ’ “
d
“
i
“ ’
t H n t H H w e t ; t ,
.
,
.
“
t H - d H
’
wet in t H
’
- d H -d cc to be w e t ;,
t H as in t H -hou -
p moist ;
“ ’ ’
,
“ ’ “ ’
,
-d H app in tr verb Cp k d l w e t
p o s t fix
“
. . . . .
,
t H d
“
— H -
’
d cc to be w
’
e t [ d cc to be , ] C p k d l -d cc to be w e t ,
. .
“
, .
c t H b H t H d H -d cc my han dker c hief is w e t with tears

“ ’ “ ’
s e Inp i
“ ’
cc n c , .
t H-dei my or our matern al gran dmother ; c p t H-giH your his

“ ’ “ ’
, ,
.
, ,
their matern al gran dmother [ t j app di m O f t H W ife ; -dei] “ ’

. .
“ ’
, .
“
t H n - ’
( an I ; t H gy- o u -
p t H -
gy o.u - -
p g oc matern al gran d
“ ’
,
“ ’
,
m other used n o n - possessively or with 2n d an d 3 rd pers possessive ;

,
.
c p t H- d e i my or our matern al gran dmother [ t j app d im of

“ ’ “ ’
. .
,
.
t H wife“
-
; g i H
’
,
u n expla i n ed ; p c t H - dl - iH patern al gran dmother]
,
.
“ ’
,
.
O u e id e i t H his mater al gra dmother i c-d cc

’
i d
’ “ “ ’
g H n n t Hg H c ,
.
,
we d have a matern al gran dmother

. .
-hou goup - to whip [ H hou un explain ed ;

“ ’
( H d
“ ’ ’
- h
“ ’
t H t u u t —
o g cc cc ,
g oup to h it ] ,
hei t t - cce - cm n c d H h cn cim -
c c .
c t H h ou
’ ’ ’ “ ’
g u ccd cc do it aga in a n d
’
see
,
if I do n t hit you ’
.
“
t H -hou ’
-
p moist [ H
t as in t
, H -d H w e t c
; p t cII water ;
-hou - “
p
’ “ ’ ’
.
“
, ,
un explain ed ] C p t H-d H -d cc k d l-d cc to be w e t

“ ’ ’ “
. .
,
.
,
.
t Hh o u p-d cc to be moist [ d cc to be] -t

Hh o u pd cc it is moist
“ “
, n ,
. .
- t ei-bei in t e igu cc—t e ib e i sn ail ; t e i-bei dou to adhere to [ un e x

“ “
,
“
- — ’
,
plai n ed] .
t eih ei-dou to adhere to

“ ’
, d e -t e ib e i-dou I adhere I
'
I
“ ’
, ,
stic k to .
t ei-dl in piH -t ei-dl hip [ piH un explain ed ; w -t ei—dl c p possibly

“ “
, .
“
.
t ou-dl rump ]
“
.
t ei-dl in H -f cc-e-t ei-dl a clearin g [c p t H to o u t several]

“ ’ ’ “
, .
“ ’
, .
t ei-p
“
pun c t n e g ; t e ipd cc k i n cc k i H b o up c urs ; “
.
“
,
“ ’
,
“ ’
,
.
fut ; fut n e g ; k i H imp ; t e ip h e idl

. .
“ ’
,
.
“
,
k i H h e idl
“ ’
defe c tive verb 1 to go out ; 2 to take out
, ,
. .
,
c arry out Cp H dl -t e ip to drive out ; g O IIm win d ’ “

. .
,
is about to blow ; ki (H ) h iH -t e ip to c ome out In groups ; t cII-t e ip “

,
“ “
,
spring of water 1 heiga H-t e ip I wen t out al ready . h ccn .

’ “
,
.
H ’
I did n o t go out H I am go ing to go out .
’
.
H Im
’
get out ! C p b e i-h e id e i go away from here ! 2 n .
,
.
t e ip I c arried it out h ccn n I did n o t c arry it out

“
, . .
-bou -t e i d cc I c arry it out all the t ime

n p -bou
“
n , ,
n I am goin g to c arry it out H I am goin g to .

’
go outdoors poue H do n t c arry him o u t ! hei t b H

.
’ ’
k i H let s c arry him out ! h e ig cc n -t e iph e idl I must have

“ ’ ’ “
, ,
c arried h im out = h e i cc
g n ,
t e i-p in t e ip -s oce sun flower sp

“ “
.
- t ip spri g of water t ei p to go out issue]

i-“
i - “
- “
[
“
t e
p n t cII s n , , , .
18 8 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BULL 84 .
t
“
two bits [fr E ng ]
o ub e it se i, . .
t ou dl rump in t o ndl -d cc to c ohabit with ; t ou-dl -I3H e g cc to

“
—
,
“
,
“ ’
,
c ohabit W ith Cp t e i-dl Z H -dl rump . .

, , .
t o u dl -d cc (c urs ) to c ohabit with n -t o ndl-d cc I am c o

“ “
, .
,
habiting .
t o u dl-pH e g cc (t o u d l
“
punc t ne g ) to c ohabit with
’ “
.
, .
h ccn n -t o u d l I did n o t c ohabit “

.
t ou-e in OCdl -Iicc —t oue-kiH N e z P erc e m an ; zou t-b H -t oue-goup

“ ’ ’ “
,
“
,
to eddy .
t ou—n -e to go past through

“
, kt I H t cun e cIm a , .
’ “ ’
,
m an passed by there t cI-t ou -dou the deer w as “

e i
’
n z e .
,
pierc ed through by me wi th an arrow .
-t ou-t po s sibly the hardened form of hou-t to go travel in

“
, , ,
cn -t out
’
ladder e
“
i- H e -H dl-t out c orn c ultivator t 1 ’ “ ’ “ “
c ; p ; QI ,
ct -t out pu m p ’ “
p , .
t ou-y H
“
to go travel [c p hou -hou to go] , .
, .
gue t o uy H he is travelin g behin d (us ) H-t o uy H I am w al kin g

“
,
.
’ “
,
aroun d t H cI-h eI m hei kn y H H-t o uy H when my wif e di ed

.
“ ’ ’ ’ ’ “
, ,
I wen t travelin g h e ig cc H I am goin g to go traveling .

’
.
t cII (in an I ; t cII in water [ the informan ts did no t assen t

“ “
.
to K iowa-Apache origin for this word ; cp t cII-m to dr in k .

“
,
t H- dH
“
wet ; t H-houp moist ; and possibly t so u e water] Cp
’ ’ “ ’
, , . .
p oc river ; cc
’
a ,
water d
; c cm - cn-t I o c ean
c cI
’
m cc t cII d cc
’ ’ ’ “
, .
“
,
it looks like water .
t cII to burn i n tr p iH t cII the fir e was b urnin g

“ “ “
.
, , .
“
t cII to c ause to drin k [cp t c II-m to drin k] s yccn d e i .
“
, .
-t I d cc I am goin g to give you a little drin k

“ ’
n cI .
t cII in t Q II-p H
“
to arrest “
.
-t cII sti c k
“
club,
in H -t cII wooden club ; h cc-t Q II axe
, Cp ,
’ ’ “
,
’ “
, . .
-b oc stem t I - sti c k t cm -
c I d cc handl e
-t “
t - “ “
cu ; QI e ; c I , , , .
t cII in k a -t cu sho ul der

“ “ ’ “
, .
“
t cII whisky [ crazy water] .
t o u ccdl k cce -goup mes c al plan t [W hisky plant]

“
,
.
t cII- ccdl s cII-m (an II ; t cII-ccdl s cu-g oc

“ ’
bo ne c omb .
“ ’
, .
t cII cc -Iio u (in an III ) shore in t cII-cc ko u- b H t cII-cc ko u-bei at

“ ’ ’ “ ’ ’ “ ’ ’
< .
, , , ,
the shore t cII- cc ko u- b H n t -b cII I saw the shore

“ ’ ’
,
. .
t cu- cce -p o u dl (an II ; t Q II-oce -p ou t —d cc c en tipede [leg ma ny

“ ’ “ ’ “
,
.
,
bugL
“
-’
-
t cII H c
’
c-
’
m cc i(n an II ; lemo n [s our . t cII H Q m cI -g oc,
“
-’
-’ ’
- ’
j ui c e t Q II water j ui c e ; z app sour -H un explain ed , ,

-’ H-’ c ’ .
,
’ ’
,
-cc to be sweet ; -m cc]

’ ’
Cp e i-gu cct -ko u-d cc lemo n lit yellow . .
’
, ,
.
ruit g b oc orange lit sweet j ui c e

- -
'
t d l “ ’
f ; t cI
I o u c , ,
. .
-
t cII- b oc stem in gou p-t Q II-b oc stem [ t cII s ti ck]
“
, ,
“
,
“
, .
am me m ] V O CA BU LARY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 18 9
t cII-
“
bout (inan II ; t ou bou shin [ t c II leg ; w -bou-t
.
“
— t -d cc ,
“
.
.
cp -bou -dl . in ccn- b H -b o u d l-t eIm ankle pro c ess] t c

’ “
,
.
“
b o u t d cc d é i- b cu I s aw the shin s , .
-t cII-d cc in t ccm -t ciId cc han dl e [ c p -t cII stic k]

“ “ “
, ,
. .
t cII-dei (an II ; t Q II-g oc t pl ; t cII in 1 leg (from hip to

“ “ “
.
,
. .
foot ) ; 2 marrow [cp t eI-m t Q II-se i bo n e] Cp p a -t cIId e i

. .
“
,
“
,
. .
’ “
,
thigh ; t cII-p cct d cc leg hai r ; e t c t cII-c I m in the leg

“ “ “ ’
,
.
,
.
t Q IId e i n - p ccdl d cc I am going to eat the marrow

“
t ciId e i n
’ “
.
,
IEi cc I am go in g to break open the marrow

’
,
.
t cII-c I m -d e i (an II ; t cII-c I m -

“ ’
g oc beaver lit the o ne .
“ ’
, ,
.
un der the water = pou [ t cII ; -d cu m ; -dei]

“ ’
. .
,
t cII-e (in an II ; -t cII d pl ; t cII in sti ck clu b [cp -t cII

“ “ “ “ “
,
.
,
. .
,
c lub sti ck] Cp k cIIm — cc -t cIIe shin n ey sti c k ; p ccdl-k oc-t cIIe
,
. .
’ ’ “
,
“ “
,
drumstic k .
t cII-e i (app in an II obtain ed in d pl o nly ) water cress [water

“ ’ “
. . .
, ,
fruit] .
t cII-g oc adv
“
long ago [ t cII un explain ed ; -g oc] Cp t cII-g oc-e
, .
,
“
. .
“
O ld time t cct cc e t o u g cc h I Hh e id l my father d ied lo ng ago

’ ’
’
.
,
.
t cIIg cc n -b cIIn m cc I s aw h im lo n g ago h e ig cc n -k ccdls e i-k cc

“
, .
t cIIg cc I glued it some time ago

“
.
,
t cII-g oc—e
“
early Old time in t cIIg cce old time cra dl e
, ,
“
[ t h ug s e il
t Q IIg cce -p H tou-p O ld fashio n ed c ra dl e

“
.
,
-t cII-goup hitter with a sti c k in z e ip-t cII-goup p rsn lit hi tter

“ “
, , , ,
. .
with a bow as a club .
t cII-t l havin g o n e leg short lame Also T cIIt l prsn O f Mrs

“ “
.
, , ,
. .
L aura D Pedri ck [ t cII leg ; -h H -dl u n explain ed]

.
,
“
,
.
t cII-t l -d cc to have o n e leg short be lame H—t cIIt l -d cc

“ ’ “
, , .
,
I am lam e thu s
’
t clIt
“
l -kiH (an I ; t cIIt -d cc lame m an .
“
, .
t cII-h eI m to be t hi rsty [ app to drin k die ; w t cII c p t cIIm to

“ ’ “ “
, ,
. . .
dr ink ; h e I m to die] Cp t cII-p H dl e i to be thirsty

’ “ ’
, .
,
. .
H-t cII-h e I m I got thi rsty

’ “ ’
, .
-
t cII k ccnk IH t cII kccn k IH g oc, t pl ; t cII-k cc
- -
(an II ;
“
nk in
“ “ “ ’
. . IH
hard shelled turtle [water hard s hi eld]

- . Cp Eccnk IH, .
“
soft -shelled
turtle .
T “
-
cII k cIIn
“
-E H
(T
“
I
cI
—k o u
n — a’-
g t, mem B la ck L eg m an ,
ber of a c ertain K iowa order ; se e Moo n ey p 2 3 0 [ t cII leg ; , .
“
blac k ;
k cIIn
“
,
t Q II-m
“
fut t cIIm im p ; t cu in to drin k [cp .
“
,
.
“
.
t Q II water] Cp t cII to c ause to d rink ; t cII-h eI m to be

“ “ “ ’
.
,
.
thi rsty lit to drin k d ie ; t cII-p H dl e i to be thirsty

,
.
“ ’
,
.
t Q II n (an II t ciI-d cc t pl t cII-n In

c
. tail t Q II-t H e
,
c
,
.
,
c
.
t t
y Hk oup the small of my ba ck a c hes lit abov e t ail

- “
, , . .
19 0 B UREA U OF AME RI CAN ET HN O LO GY Is m s;
-
t cII n , in p iH t cII-
“
- “
- “
n,porc upin e q uill [p iH porc upin e ; -t ou-n app “
.
the same as t cII-n tail] “

, .
-t I -n (in an III ) pit in ccdl h c -t I n min e t m -t

cun grave
“ ’ ’ “ “ “
QI c cI ; H .
, , , , .
t Q IIn- cct cce t cIIn -cct cce-m cc, t cIIn-cct cc —d cc, t pl ; t Q IIn-oct oge
'
“ ’
( an . II ; “ ’ “ ’ ’
.
“ ’
in opossum [s m l] ooth tai .
t cIIn-g u ccdl
“
( II ; t an .
“
I n
cI g
- u cct -d cc
, red-tailed hawk [red tail ] .
t
“
cu n —k
IHn IH (an II ; . t cIIn -
k IHny o u—p ,
“
t cIIn -kiH n o u -p
“
tail ,
feather [lo ng tail] .
t
“
I n
cI p
- o u iH -iH
y y (an
“
p you -
p hawk sp . II ; t cI
“
I n-
“
o uy iH - ,
.
,
des c ribed as blackish with a swallow tail ; the n ame is said to mean
swall ow tail [ t cIIn tail ; p ou-y iH -y un explain ed -iH “
,
“
.
’
,
t cIIn -s e Inh H y -iH (an II ; t cIIn-s e Inh H -you -p t cIIn -s e Inh H -

“ ’ “ ’ “ ’
g oc .
, ,
s c orpio n said to mean the o n e that ben ds it s tail back [ t cIIn tail ;
,
“
,
s e In- h H -y s eInh H un explain ed -iH

’ ’ ’
,
t cIIn -t cc-p o u dl 1 fish 2 swallowtail c oat [ split tail t cII—n

“ “ “
,
.
, , ,
.
tail ; t cc by a blow ; —p du dl un explain ed] “

,
.
t cII— o u dl -p H-g oc (in an II ; t ou-o u dl—p H water j ug made

“ ’ “ ’ “ ’ “
, ,
.
of clay ; they also had them made O f t so u dlp H-k oce an interior “
,
organ of t he buffalo [ t cII water ; w -O u dl cp e v o u dl load “

,
.
’
. .
’
, ,
o u dl -koup to put load o n ba ck ; -p H un explain ed ;

’ “ ’
,
t cII-O u-p (in an dipper [ t cu water ; ou p to di p up ]

“ ’ “ ’
.
— .
,
t Q II-p cc t o u t (in a n pum p win dmill said to mean water raiser

“ ’ “
.
, ,
[ t cu water ; w p cc t o u t c p pos sibly b cc d H to rise]

“ ’ “ ’
, . . .
,
t cII-p H dl e i to be thirsty [ t cu to drink ; p H dl e i as in d e I-p H dl e i to

“ ’ “ ’ ’
, ,
be sleepy] Cp t cII-h eIm to be thirsty . H-t cII-p H dle i I .

“ ’
, .
’ “ ’
,
am thirs ty .
t cII-p o u dl (an II ; t cII-pou t -d cc t pl ; t cII-p o u dl in

“
. water “
,
.
“
bug any water ins e c t [ water bug]

, .
t ou-p cct -d cc (in an II ; t cII-p ccdl d pl t cII-p cc in

“
leg hair .
“ “ “
,
.
“ “ ’
.
t ou-p cc -h o u dl (an II ; t cII-p cc -hou t -d cc

“ ’
1 a large o w l s p (h as .
“ “ ’
, . .
n o horn s ) ; 2 c hi c ken of o n e of the s everal variet ies that ha v e

.
feathered legs ; 3 N orman horse [leg-downy leg-hairy] .

,
.
“
t Q II—p H (t cII
“
t cII fut ; t cu “
fut n e g ) “
.
“
.
,
to lo ck up [ t cII un explain ed ; -p H as in p H -fse ip to lo ck

“ “ “ ’
,
up ] g c
c.
-d cc they ll lo ok you up ’
,
’
.
t o u-s Hn cI (an II ; t cII-s Hn-O up

’
water mo c c asin sn ake [water
:
“ ’
,
sn ake] .
t cII-s e i-b oc (in a n II ; t cII-se i d pl ; t cII-se i in bo n e [ t cII

“ “ “ “ “
,
. .
p pre o un d form of t eI
-m bo n e ;
-s e i -b oc
; ] Cp t e I m bo n e “ ’
,
. .
“ ’
, ,
whi c h likewise has its d pl t cII-se i

”
“
. .
t Q II-sei-ko u dl-p H (in an III ) n e c kla c e of lo n g bead s ; the bead s are

“ “
.
,
in length c p Moo n ey p 2 2 2 = ko u d lp H-h y n e [ bo n e n e c k

“ ’
3 ,
.
,
.
,
lac e]
t cIIs e i-p ou (in a n III ) bo n e fish h o o k B ut the i nforma n t n ever
“ “
.
,
.
heard of these o nly of h cc -p ou iro n fish h o o ks ,

’ “
, .
192 BURE U O F A AME RI C AN ET H NO LOGY [ B ULL 84 .
t s H -t (in an . door [cp t s H -t by closin g]

II ; t s H —t in . .
t S H t -y oc c -t cct cc he shot me through the door

’ ’ “
t b i-t sou !
I g t S H e , .
c lo e the door
s = b ei-t S H t h e ig cc d é l-t S H t , I closed
the door already d ei-t S H t I am goin g to close the door . .
t S H t dei -b cII I s aw the door t S H t n -b cn I s aw the doors

,
.
, .
t s H -t by closing in t S H t —cc m eI to close door ; t S H t -t H d e i to be ’

,
’
,
shut in ; t S H t -f H d cc to shut in ; t S H t -t se ip to shut out ’

, ,
.
t s H -t in t S H t -h H d cc to yell give whoop

’
, ,
.
t s H -t poin t in m cc -t S H t poin t ; m cc-b H -t S H t -cc at the e n d of the

’ '
’
, , , ,
n ose at the tip ; fso udl-kcgn-b H -t SH t wing feather ; z e ip-m czt SH t ’

, , ,
poin t of the breast n ipple , .
t SH t to close door [ t S H t b ei-t S H t c lose
the door ! = t S H t b ei-f so u !

t S H t -n (app in a n III ) doorway [ t s H.
-t door
; rn ] .
, , .
t s H t -h fi d OC (t S H t
’ ’
f
to give a whoop [t SH t .
un explained ; h H d cc to shout] d ei-t S H t h H d e id cc I am

’
, .
’ ’
,
going to give a whoop .
t S H t t cce-k cct -g oc -t (in an II ; t S H t { He -k cct n door kn ob

“ ‘
’ “ “
.
,
[ t S H t door ,; t cc
c -k cct - cc t kn ob
g ]
“ ’
, .
t S H t -t H d cc (t S H t t Hd e id cc
’
fut to sh irt in with a door [ t SH t ’
,
.
-t S H t t H d cc I shut him In the room

t H d cc] yH
’ ’
n.
,
.
t S H t -t H d e i-d cc to be shut in [ t S H t t H d e i ; d cc]

’ ’
, .
t S H t -t se ip (t S H t —f so ud cc fut ; t S H t -f so u to shut out [ t SH t ’

, ,
.
t se ip to put o n e ]
, n -t S H t -t se i
p I shut him out H
.
-t S H t ,
.
’
t s ou shut him out !

,
t s H -kcIIm -z H -
’
dl -ci (an II ; t s H -ko u m -z H dl o up
’
groun d .
’
— ’
,
squirrel [ t s H prair ie-dog ; $ c explain ed as meanin g old ;

’
,
za - dl-e i un explain ed]

’
, .
t s H -f c c-dei (an II ; t s H -t c -dou -p weasel [ said to mean resem

' '
’ ’ ’
.
,
bling a prairie dog : t s H prairie dog ; f cc un explain ed ; -dei] ,

.
t s H-y H t -E H (an II ; t s H-y H t Ey H -b a gro un d o wl sp lit prairie

.
,
.
, .
dog acc ompanier Rattlesn akes rabbits owls an d prairi e dogs .

, ,
live together in pea c e in the holes [ t s H prairi e dog ; y H -t referrin g ,
to acc ompanim en t ; -kiH ] .
t s H -y -iH (an I ; t s H -y -ou-p-g oc t pl )

’
. paternal aun t Us ed ’
,
. .
with l s t an d 3 rd perso n possessive cp H t s H y iH your aun t [ t sH-c , .

’ ’
,
un explain ed ; —iH ,
t s H-e (t s Heg cc pu n c t n e g ; t s Heg a d cc fut n e g ) to be afraid

’ ’ ’
.
, ,
. .
,
-dou t or
y H Heg H-kt
'
t
“ ’
t
’
h t d (
’
H cc n c n H -t s c H
’ ’ ’
a c cc c cc
m c t cc in stead of last word ) if he c o m es I will n o t be afra id

’ ’
.
,
T s Hen eI-kiH C hin aman [ t s Hen e I fr E n g C hin ee or C hin a -m an ;

, . .
t sH- n (t a cc pun c t n e g ; t a m H c urs ; t a f cc f u t ; t S H n d o u

’
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
imp ; t a h e idl
. to c ome arrive [c p po ssibly t s H-dei to , ,
.
’
,
travel ; Cp f cIIm -t a to c ome as a fugitive H-t a

.
,
.
’
,
I arrived p H h H n m H somet imes he c omes RIH n

’ ’ ’
Hn t a
.
,
.
g a m m a] VOCABULARY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 1 93
poc h e ig cc oce t a m H, he is going to come back n ex t mon th

’ ’
.
-
t sH to go , walk , ccn-t s H
’ ’
going o n foot [ cp t s H-dei to travel .
’
, ,
t s H -e to go walk] ,
.
-ts —d cc
H
’
-t s -
n H rawhide box , d pl ) in .
’
o u dl -ts H
’
-d cc
,
.
t s H-dei to travel move marc h [c p t s H to go ; t S H e to go ;

’ ’
, ,
.
,
a d
n possibly t s H
-n to arrive ] C p gcu t s Hd e i to be blown o n
m —
,
. .
’
,
win d O ug cc H
.
—t s
Hd e i they t pl are travelin g over yo n der
’ ’ ’
, . .
t Hs e idl t s Hd e i a herd of a n telopes is mov

’
in g alo n g , n c Im - .
t s Hd e i H e p iH b e i the po llen is blowin g o n the win d

’ ’ “
.
,
t sei (t s e ig u cc pun c t ne g ; t s e it d cc c urs ; t s e id cc fut ; t s e ig u ccd cc

’ ’ ’ ’
,
.
, .
, .
,
fut ne g ; tsei imp ; tsei—dei

. 1 to put o n e in ; 2 to s e t
,
.
’
,
. .
,
erec t o n e Tpl c orrespo n den t is s a [cp possibly {sci-p to lay

. . .
,
o ne] Cp tsei-dl o ne is in o n e stan ds ; f e id H -tsei to spli c e ;

. .
, , ,
t Hm -tsei to bury 1 n -tsei I put it in h ccn n

“
. .
,
.
,
t se igu cc I did n o t put it in n -bou -t se it d cc I put it in all the

’
.
, ,
time m i Hn n -t se it d cc I am about to put it in h e ig cc n -tsei

.
, .
,
I already put it in n -t se id cc I shall put it in h ccn n .

’
, .
t se ig u ccd cc I shall n o t put it in H-tsei put him in ! poue

’ ’ ’
.
, ,
H-t se id cc do n t put him in ! hei t b H-tsei let s put him in

’ ’
,
’
heit ,
’
.
b rI -t se id e i let s put him in ! 2 p H g cc tou n -t s e id cc I am goin g

' ’ ’ ’ ’
.
, ,
to ere c t o n e house yiH tou n H -t se id cc I am goin g to ere c t two ’

In .
,
houses h H o ud e i tou n . I am goin g to ere c t several

’
houses .
tsei dog pet in tsei-gu ccn dog ; tsei-ou young of animal pet ; ts ei
, , ,
’
, ,
horse ; t se I-b IH dog [ Tewa t sé dog] , ,

.
tsei-dl (stat ; t se ig cc stat n e g ; t s e it cc fut ; t se ig a t cc fut ne g )

.
’
,
.
’
,
.
’ ’
,
. .
1 o ne is in ; 2 o n e stan ds (but dei 1 anim al stan ds ) Tpl co r

‘
. .
,
. . .
respo n den t is s oc-dl [cp tsei-p to put o ne in ; to ere c t o n e ] .

, .
H-t se idl I was in side h ccn H—t se ig oc I w as n o t in (the dit ch )

’
,
.
’ ’
, .
H-bou-t se idl I am in s ide all the tim e

’
,
H fut cch y cc .
’
.
’ ’
-t s e idl you are in there p oue cch y cc egIm don t be in

H
’ ’ ’ ’‘ ’
I m , .
there ! e Ih cc H-t se idl I was right in there { so u cI-t s e idl tou

’ ’
,
.
’
c In I have a sto n e in
, my shoe p o u dl pei n n
-t s e idl the .
,
bug is inside the san d 2 koup ci-t s e idl the moun tain stan ds . .
’
, .
y i H k oup HI-t s e idl two moun tains stan d ’

tou t se idl the house ,
.
,
stan ds h H o u d e i koup sccdl t pl moun tains stan d H d cc cgi t se idl

.
’
,
. .
’ ’ ’‘
—
,
the tree stan ds B ut t s eI dei the hors e stands h ccn d e i cc-d cc H dl .

, .
’ ’
t s e id l somebody has a spit

, said of the spots o n the moon .
h e ig cc f cIIn t s e idl I already have my c oat o n , .
-tsei-dl in t cc-t s e idl goal c v t s e idl o n e stan ds

[
’
] ,
.
,
.
t s e idl e i (in an III ; t s e idl e i in c hil e [fr E n g ]

. . .
tsei-gu oc—n (an II ; tsei-gIIcc-d cc dog = t s eIh IH d o g [ tsei

.
, , ,
dog ; -gu oc-n un explain ed] t se ig u ccn d n

-d cc -dei
n .
’
b cu I s aw the tired dog

, t s eIg IIccd cc ci-d n - d cc- oc d e i -b I
g cI .
’ ’
,
I s aw t h e t pl t ire d do gs . .
19 4 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (am . 84
tsei-c u (an II ; tsei-ou-p -tsei-ou-g oc t pl ; tsei-ou in

.
,youn g ,
( male ) a n i m al pet ; c olt in b H O u -t s e io u c a t seit -t s e io u pig lit

, ; ,
’
, , , .
bear youn g ; f cc-t se io u c olt ; t e In eIt t s e io u chicken ; {so u-t e In e It

’
,
—
,
’
—
t s e io u roadrunn er [ tsei dog pet ; -ou u n explain ed]
, Cp lD8 H dllH , , . .
,
youn g female anim al .
tsei-p in tsei-p—d cc to be high water , .
tsei-p—d cc (t s e ip-d a to be high water [ tsei-p unexplain ed ;

’
,
d oc to be], .
Tse iro u-kiH (an II ; Ts e iro u-g oc C herokee m an Doubtless the

.
, .
pron unciatio n Tse idlo u-E H is also heard [fr E ng the last syl .
, .
assim ilated to -kiH m an] ,

.
t s eI (an II ; t s e I-g oc t pl ; t s e I in
. horse [ app dim of tsei
,
. . .
dog pet] Cp t s e I-bou c o w ; t s e I

,
. . fox , .
-t s e s ubord in atin g verb o s t fix when if when e v er C -

I , p p eI , , ,
. .
,
subordin ating verb p o s t fix when é it—h e Id e i—t Ik cIm —t s e I ,

.
’ “
’
I;Ln
—
é it when ever we speak of them in a ’
myth w e c all them the U dder-angry Travelers-O ff n ccn -b cu-t s eI .
’
H when ever I s e e it I get mad cc k ccdl ccdlh cg n .
.
’ ’ ’ ’
-h cc d cc if I had lots of mo n ey
cI -oce -t s
eI ( ) eI ( d l ) n
’ ’
b k
’ ’
O u oce t s cc, ,
I would buy me a horse (the words in paren thes is m ay be omitted ,
but if O ub cce is added k ccdl must also be in serted ) cc k ccdl

’
.
’ ’
n t p
-k o u b e i H e -t s
“
eI if I had r un
’
cc k ccd l h c n
cn t
,
-k o u b e i
p .
’ ’ ’
H y cc-t s e I (or -cI in s tead of -t s e I) if I had n o t run

’ ’
, .
Ts eI p rsn C razy H orse ; see Moo n ey p 22 8 .

, ,
. .
t s e I-bou (an II ; t s e I—bou —g oc t pl ; t s e I-bou in

. c o w c attle ,
.
, ,
= k oc-dl app t s
[ eI hor s e ; bou u n. explai n ed ] t s e o u g c c d é i-bou
,
.
I s aw the c attle k cct d cc dei—b Q II .

’
.
ts e ou-t e Ih y II-e (in an II ; s also ts e ou—t eI-g cc-t ; ts e ou-t e Ih I H

’
. .
’
beef sin ew .
ts e ou-t eI-g cc -t see t seInb o u-t eIh y II-e ’

,
’
.
t s e I-b IH (an II ; t s e I-hyo n- p .t s -h l

eI y Ie t l
p ; t s eI
-b i H in c omp ) , ,
. .
dog = t s ei—guccn [ tsei dog pet ; -b IH real]

, .
, ,
.
t s eih is -’iH
= ts h -s
ei is rs n p up p y , .
t s e Ih IH-kiH (an II ; t s e Ih IH-kiH -g oc, . male dog .
t s eIh IH-m H (an II ; t s eIh IH-m He-m cc, . female dog .
-
t s eIh IH s y Hn (an II ; t s e Ih I H sy H d cc,
— ’
- ,
.
= -’
t s e IhiH iH puppy .
t s e I-k u cct o u (an II ; t s e I-k u cct o u-g oc, t s e Ik u cct o u-b oc,
. c bla kbird
sp .
[horse
b ird] .
t s e I-k u e p H (in an III ) horse harn ess

“ “
. .
,
t s e I H (an
-m . II ; H g oc, t pl ; t s e I H in
t s eI -m -
’
.
-m ’
mare .
a
t s eI-n (in n . III ) , mud [ Tewa pO -t s i m u d ] .
‘
,
. t s e In -n ,
in
the mud . o m e mud
t s e In n t -b Q II, I s aw s .
t s e I-n in t s e In-h ccn to get burn t ; t s e In -k iH roast beef ,

.
t s eIn -d oc H t -d cc (in an II t s e In —d cc H dl d pl ; t e e In-d cc-H dl n d oc H t

-
’ ’
t s eI
’ ’
. .
, ,
in c omp ) pottery vess el . .

1 96 B URE A U OF AME RI C AN E TH NOLOGY [Em a
t s o u e -gu ccdl i( n an I ) tea [red liquid] Cp t so ue -gu cct d cc tea particle

.
,
. .
, .
t s o u e -gu cct -d cc (in an II ; t s o u e —gu ccdl tea particle tea leaf “

. .
, ,
t so u e -g u cct d cc dei -b cII I s aw a particle of tea t so u e-gu ccdl , .
nH n -
I QIb I I s aw d parti c
, les of tea t so u e - u ccdl
g n t -b I
c I I s aw
. .
,
d pl parti cles of tea

. t so ue -g uccdl n -b c II I s aw the tea (the .
,
liquid ) .
tsou-e -kucct (in an IL ) rain bow lit many-c olored [w tsou -e cp .

, ,
. . .
tsou-dl -ccdl -bei bird sp ku cct pain ted] , b ei-b cII t so u e -ku cct .
,
.
,
look at the rain bow !

t so u e -k cII-g cc-t (in an II ; t s o u e -k cII-n d pl ) c o ff ee bean Cp
“ ’ “ “
,
. . . .
t so u e -k cu—n c offee t s o u e k cug cc t dei -b cII I s aw a

“ “ ’
, ,
.
c o ffee bean t so u e —k cIIn n é in b cII I saw (1 c offee beans

.
“
—
, . .
tsouei k cIIn n t -b cII I s aw t plf c o ff e e beans B ut t so u e

“
,
.
-b I I s aw the c o ff ee the liquid -

k cIIn ( ) k o un
“
n cI t s o u e .
t -m ccku ccn d e i grin d the c offee !

,
t s o u e -k cII-n
“
i( n an I t so u e -k cII-n
. in c offee [ bla ck
.
,
“
liquid] Cp t so u e -s eI cII—n
. pepper lit c offee-swellin g B ut
.
’
, ,
. .
the word has in an II gen der when applied to a c offee bean ; s e e .

“
-
t so u e k
“
- cc’ t
cu g .
t so u e m czku ccn g cc -t ,
- ’
- ’
(in an II ; .
“
t so u e m ccku ccn-n ,
c offee
grin der [ t so ue ; liq uid c offee ; ,
m cc-I£ IIccn
’
to twist turn ,
c rank ;
t so ue -
s eI— cII- un rec orded s (app t pl Of t s o u e -s -
’ * ’ ’
n . . an .
cI cII g c
xt,
in an . pepper [said to mean c offee-smell ing ; t so u e c offee ; ,
-s eI- ou to smell in tr fr s eI to smell in tr -o u In tensiv e]

’ ’
,
. .
, ,
.
,
tsou-g oc o n e does n o t lie se e defec tive verb kcc o n e lies [cp {sci-p
’
, , ,
.
,
to lay o n e ] Cp tsou-y H -p adv righ t sid e up o n back

. .
,
.
,
.
tsou h oc adv surely [ tsou as in -tsou po s t p like ;

— ’
,
.
, Cp , .
,
.
t s o u dl -h cc thus h a tsou —h cc yes sur ely

’ ’
,
. .
, ,
tsou-y H -p adv righ t sid e up o n ba ck [ tsou as in tsou-g oc does no t

, .
, ,
’
,
lie ; -y H ; -p] Cp d clI-dei upside do wn t so up

.
n .
, .
f-s o u d cc I am goin g to lay it upside down t so up

’
, n -t s e id cc .
’
,
I am going to se t it righ t sid e up t so up ci-t s e idl it (the .

’
,
tum bler ) is stan din g righ t sid e up t so up d ei-tsei I se t it right .

,
side up t so up H-kcc I am lyin g o n m y ba ck

.
’
, .
t s cII (an II ; t s cII-g oc t pl ; t s cu in

. n eedle pin Cp t s cII ,
.
,
. .
b I H o wl [ Tewa y H -I to pier c e
]
’
, j , .
t s ctI by c rawlin g in t s cII-H to c ome c rawlin g ; t s cII-b H to c rawl ;

’
, , ,
t s cII-h e i to c rawl in [ Tewa t s i-g i by c rawling]

, .
t S Q II-cc (t s cII
’
to play the women s awl game The ’
.
game employs a skin with a poc river pain ted o n it [ To awl

’
, ,
.
gam bl e ]
t s cII-cc -n (in an III ) awl gam e
’ ’
. .
,
HA RRm G'rO N] VOCABULAR Y OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 19 7
t s cII-H,
’
to c ome crawling [ t s ciI to crawl ; H to c ome Tewa t s i-g i ’
,
to c ome crawlin g] c I H there is a

-
dl n p cI
’ ’
k
’
p o u o u t s I .
,
bug crawling o n my body .
t s cII-b H to crawl go c rawl ing [ t s cII

,
to c rawl ; b H to go] Cp
, , . .
k u cc-h y -cc to c rawl as a s n ake does

“ ’
,
H-t s cu-b H I c rawled .
’
, .
to rawl ou - the bug

'
-
t s cII h e i c in , p o u dl t s d O IIm t s cIIh e i ,
c rawled u n der the ro c k .
t s cII-b IH (an II ; t s cII- h y o up t pl t s cII-b IH in

. mother-in -law ,
.
u
[ n explain ed ] Cp s dl iH - t s l h
c g IH O ld. wo m a n ; t s c I b I H awl
I - .
,
’
, .
s -
t cII I H (
b an II
’
; t s I -b -
c I I H g oc . bo n e awl awl [real awl or
~ ’
, ,
n eedl e] Cp m cc t cII—t s cII-h I H c oyote

’ “ ’
,
. . ,
.
t s c I-n in h c c-t s cIIn win dpipe from h g z cnn to breathe ; bou t -k ue

’ ’ “
I , , ,
t s cII-n fish spear from bou t k ue-c In to pull by the belly

* “
—
, , , .
H ,
quite audibly clic ked in terj of surprise or disgust said e g when , . . .
o n e makes a m i stake .
s -dl additio n al or adversative particle more moreover also

, , , , ,
either [cp possibly H -dl adversative particle ; y H -dl optative

.
’
,
,
particle k cc s dl the t p other o es

. l n = k cc H dl k ccd e i
’
,
.
,
’ ’ ’
H dl that other o n e t k s d l cc y H
-b H e cc I do n t ’ “
h
’ ’ ’ ’
,
H cn
c n g .
,
kn ow what my o wn (In di an ) n ame i s .
s -dl -iH (an II ; t EH - l -you-p t pl you n g fe m al e an imal c al f
s dl explai ed
d C f
.
d l1 S n h IH O lC
-1J l woman
,
.
,
[ u n n ; i H p S H H ,
.
, ,
t s e io u youn g of animal ,
.
s dliH -t s cIIh IH (an II ; {s l iH -t s cnh y o u-p O ld woman [ said

.
,
to soun d like mother-in-law c alf] Cp e idl—m H old woman . .

’
.
s —n - dei (t a d e id cc fut s n d e i im p ; s n in to run ’

, .
, , .
,
rac e Cp s -n -n . a rac e ; H e to run k o u pb e i-H e to run

.
,
’
, ,
“ ’
, .
n a -f dei he r an c§I s n d e i they d ran n

n -
,
.
’
.
,
. .
s n d e i they t pl r an , b e I -E
a d e i let s run a ra c e ! t . .
,
’
t EHn d e i you run ! d ei ,

I am goin g to run a rac e .
d ccm -cc d ei-s n d e id cc I am goin g to run a footra c e lit o n the

’ ’ ’
, , , .
groun d .
t sH-n-n i(n an III ) ra c e [ s -n as in {sH-n-dei to run ; -n ]

.
, , .
-t s II ; s -t s - oc t l s
s nn eI (
an . nn eI g , p ; . nn -t s
e I in
rac e horse .
t sH
’
-b
IH ( an . II ; {s H flh
y o u— p, t pl . t sH-b I H ’
otton tail in c
rabbit Thi s is an
, old word for c otto n tail rabbit ,
n ever used in c omm o n spee c h se e Moo n ey p 22 8 [ Fs H un e x ’

, , . .
plain ed ; -b IH real ] ,
.
-hou -dl to c heat [ s as in s n- -t “ oc

s k p
’ ’
,
the c heater a b y -n ame of SeIn d e i ; hou—dl to kill] , ,

.
Ts H-n-ky H -p-t oc the c heater b y -n ame of SeIn d e i [ t a s

'
’
in
“
, , as
h o udl t o cheat ; -ky H -p-t oc un exp lain ed]
,
“
, .
198 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ B ULL . 84
f se i (t sei- g oc,
t p l ) t hi c k app through
. E n g influe n c e applied e g both
. . . . .
to thic k foliage an d a thick O bj ec t p eip n t-t Ee i, the

“
.
bushes are thi ck H fse i, forest , dense foliage H -fs e i n -b cu,

’ ’
- .
’ ’
.
I saw the thi ck woods d - -f se i-

n , I saw the
’
h i
’ ’ ’
cn
c H e n b cH H .
bear in the thick woods k ccnk IH-f§ e i n -b cII, I s aw a thi ck

“ “
.
turtle kccnk IH-fse ig cc dei-b cII, I s aw thick tur tles

.
“
.
t Ee i p (Eso ugu cc, punc t n e g , t Eo u pd cc, c urs ; t so u d cc , fut t

- ’ ’
. . .
fut n e g ; fso n,
. to lay o n e Tplo c orrespon den t is Eo up . . .
C
[ p tsou
.
-
g f
cc
’
d o e s n o t lie ] C p d eI
-f s e ip, to put to sleep “
;p H
’
—f se i
.
p, .
to lo ck up ; t S H t fse ip , to shut in ; e t c
- k cc d cc t H e g cc-t se ip , I
“ ’ “
.
put a blan ket over him m IHn n —fso u pd cc, I am goin g to set the .
c at down -bou -f so u d cc I put it all the time h ccn n

n .
p , .
t Eo ug u cc, I did n o t put it f so u d cc , I am go in g to put it

’
’ -
n . .
’
H f so u , put it ! hei t b H f so u , let us put it ! poue H
- - ’
don t ’
put it ! kt I H n fso u d cc , I am goin g to lay the m an do wn

’
- ’
.
- t Eo u d a , I am goin g to lay it righ t sid e up

’
t s o up n c Id e i .
’
H-Fso u , lay him o n fa c e down ! iH { seip , she (the h e n ) laid an egg
’
.
é it -iH -koup , they (the hen s ) laid eggs

’
.
f so u (in an I ; { so u in“
. sto n e Cp pei-f é o u , san dston e ; . .
t sou Q II, to be ro c ky ; e t c
- { so u d cc, that is a ro ck { so u
’
. .
-d cc those are d ro cks -d cc tho s e are t l ro ck s

H {
’
I , so u n ,
.
p . . .
{ so u n t —b Q II, I s aw the t pl ro c ks I s aw ro c k pat c h . . .
{ so u b cg e (in an I ; t sou-b ccl e in

- “
. ro ck c rystal [ transparen t
ston e]
”
.
f é o u-dl form of fé o u—t —d cc win g

pre p o un d ,
.
-f so u -dl in pei -t so u dl top of thigh “

, .
t Eo u dl-cct cce (an II ; t so u dl -ccf cc—d cc (white man s ) devil [smooth

’ ’
.
,
wing] .
{ so u d l—c b H (in an III ) armpit [ un der arm] .

, .
-b H -t S H t win g feather win g stiff tip : f é o u dl wing k cn

'
S O u dl -li c
1'
C n
c [ , ; c ,
stiff ; -b H -ts H -t ,
f é o u dl -p cct -d cc (in an I ; t Eo u dl —p a dl d pl ; f so ndl—p cct in

“ “ “ “
.
, .
armp it hair .
t § o u dl -s oc-m H (an . II ; f é o u dl -s oc-m He-m c

c, t pl ; . t Eo u dl-s oc-m H
’
in
angel [win ged woman : fso u dl win g ; -s oc as in e It m c3I
’ ’
f é o u dl s oc winged ant ]
—
, .
f é o u dl -t o uh cz - ccm -dou to soar [ to have wings slan ted : t Eo u dl wing ;

’ ’ ’
, ,
tou h cc -ccm to slant t r ; dou to hold]

— ’ ’
éIm -t § o u dl .
’
,
.
’
t o uh cc ccm d o u he soars
’ ’
, .
f é o u dl -t e I m -t cu-b cc-t (in an II ; t Eo u dl-t e I m -t cu-b H d pl ; { so u dl

“ ’ ’ “ ’
,
. .
t e I m -t Ib H in
“ ’
win g bo n e flute made of the wing bo n e
’
,
O f the eagle .
t sou-e i-n to fall (do wn ) Cp O u tn o ne . .

’
,
falls ; pe itn several fall H-Fso ue in , I fell down (while .

’
,
20
0 BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BULL 84 .
H
p g y
cc- oc ’ ’
he left here at o n e o clo ck
’‘
eg mI
’
.
-
y iH y oc h eIm ,
’ ’
he died at t w o o clo c k p Ho u-y oc t a he arrived at three

’
.
“ ’ ’
,
O clo c k -tsei y oc H I am goin g to go to the c em etery

’ “ ’ ’
t H m .
—
.
_ _
t S H t —y oc t s Ip he c ame out through the door tou-y oc t e ip he

’ “ ’ “
, .
,
c a m e out of the house t S H t -y oc c -t cct cc he shot at me through ’ ’ “

I g .
,
the door Eoup -y oc H-t a I c ame from the moun tains (ans to
.
’ ’
, .
h H b e i—tsou H im -t s cm where did you c ome koup- y oc s cct

’ ’
,
ta he h as j u s t c ome from the moun tain p H -y oc H-t a I

, .
’ ’ ’
,
c ame from the prairie .
- - I -e —gu oc t l - oc-e in youn g woman

y g
oc oc e ( a n ; y goc - oc .
p y goc ,
. .
-gu oc-t a se o d time i two gu -t un explain ed

y oc c n [ w y oc c p y H ; oc . .
, , ,
cp possibly -gu oc toward]

.
n y g - cc u cct -goup I hit him a
,
.
,
seco n d time again (cp n -t ccm -goup I hi t him the firs t time )
,
.
, .
o u e id e i y ccg u cct koup w ay over yo n der is the se c o n d c amp

’ —
, .
- cc
y
’
p o s t p beyo n d after - oc
y ;
.
, p H g cc ,
’ ’
zH - y oc at half past o ne
’ ’
,
.
yc c-m - oc
g (
y ccm g cc p u n c t n e g ; y c cm g o u
’
p ,
c urs ; y cm
c d e id cc fut ;
.
, .
’
, .
y ccm g cc d cc fut ne g ; y ccm d e i

’ ’
,
to tremble shiver
.
, , .
d ei-y ccm go up I am trembling d é i—bou -y ccm g o up I am tremblin g

,
.
,
c o n tin uall y h ccn d ei—y ccm g cc I am n o t trembl ing k i e idl

’ “
.
, .
d ei-y ccm g cc I was shaking yesterday d ei-y ccm d e id cc I shall be ’

,
.
,
tremblin g h ccn d ei . I shall n o t be tremblin g poue .
b ei-y ccm d e id cc do n t be trembl in g ! b ei-y ccm d e i tremble ! hei t

’ ’
, ,
b e y cc d e
r— m i let us tremble !
,
d e r-k 6c -y ccm g o u p I am shiverin g ’
,
with c old .
-H
y
’
p,o s t p at in the . regio
,
n of in
,
h H - H
y in whic h d ire c tio n ? ,
’
,
[ o c c urs also as in depe n de n t adv in y H -e in a dire c tio n c

; p po s .
’
, .
sib ly - y oc at]
’
.
,
-dl optative parti cle c possibly -dl additio n al parti cle t S H -dl ’
y H , [ p H ; .
, ,
additio n al parti cle] d l H Im I wi sh that he were

.
’
here d l o ue id e i m H—t cc I wish that they (I were here d 1

.
’ ’
, . .
’
o u e ig cc p Ho u b H -f cc I wish that they t l were here
“ ’ ’
p , . .
y H -dl-d H
(in a n III ) cl iff b lufl . Cp k cc g cc k a n p chfl ; Seip
, ,
’
. .
’
,
’
,
d l d H ple n Rainy Moun tain ; t o uh cc cliff

’
, ,
. .
,
y H -e to play im plied by y H e , to play ; y H e -b H to go to

,
play ; e t c .
-e ( iH cc pun c t
y iH h cc c urs ; y iH t cc fut y iH y cc t cc
'
’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
y H y y ,
.
,
.
,
.
,
fut ne g ) to se t (said of lumin aries in the material obtain ed )

.
,
.
p H e y H e the s u
’
n we ,
n t dow n p H e
-
h c n
c y iH y cc the s u n did n ot .
’
,
se t p H e
. bou - iH H
y y the sun sets all the tim e p H e m i Hn yiH y H ’
,
.
,
the sun is about to s e t k y Hh Ic c p H e yiH t cc tomorrow the sun

'
“ ’ ’
.
,
will se t h ccn yiH y cc t cc it will n o t s e t p H e yiH h cc the sun is

.
’ ’
,
.
’
,
setting p H e h e ig cc h H o ue i yiH t cc the sun is going to s e t sometime

'
’ ’
. .
,
y H -e ’
adv , i n a dire. c t
,
io n [ w y H c p
-
y H p o s t p in regio n of ; .
,
’
,
.
,
h H-y H y H e whi ch w ay ?
’ ’
,
ni nm m o m V OCABULAR Y OF KI O WA LAN GUA GE 201
yHe to play [ app y H -e to play ; cc m eI to make] .

’ ’
, .
s y Hd cc ci-
’
-c m c the c hildren are playing
’ ’
y H e z c ,
.
y H -e - b oc (in a n stri n g rope c ord [ p

c. possibly - i H in H dl -iH -d cc
, ,
.
’ ’
,
bowstring] y H e p cc-dou H-gu oc hit him with the rope !

.
’ ’
,
-b H to go to play b H to go d i- H e -a m H the
[ ]
’ ’
y H e ,
s yH cc c y ,
.
c hildren are goin g to play .
H e -dou to play with [ app y H e

’
to play ;
y ,
.
y H e d o u I am playin g with it (e g with the doll )

’
. .
,
.
- H - in tsou - H - ri h t sid e up
y p y p g ,
.
*
y H -t
(d ld cc to u n tie n d l d cc I am going to
’
-
,
.
’
,
untie it .
y H -t
y iH -t referri n g to a c c ompa n ime n t in y H t -kiH s o n-in - l aw ; , ,
H t -m H daughter-in-law H t -t i-kiH warrior soldier f cc

y ; y e ; , ,
y tH bird s p t,
s H- H t -kiH groun d o wl lit with the prairie dogs
y .
; , , .
y H t -b H to go to live with ; e t c
,
.
y H -t referri n g to two see y iH -t

,
t -b H to go to live with b H to go H - H t -b H I wen t to

[ ]
’
y H , y ,
.
,
live with that family H-y H t I am goin g to live together .

’
with (perso n or perso ns ) o ue ig cc H—k i l—dei-cI H-y H t I .

’ ’ ’ ’
am goin g to go t o live with those t pl people . .
t -b H —dou app I t -b H -
’
dou - oc domestic anim al [ app ’
y H ( a n ; y H g . .
,
.
what o ne has living with him : y H t-b H to go to live with ;

t - -hei an I t -b H —hei- oc t l t -b H -hei in
y H b H ( ; y H g p ; y H . 1 w ar ,
. .
rior soldier ; 2 member of a so ciety = y t H h e i-kiH [y H -t app

, .
, .
as in y H t -b H to go to live with ; b H -hei un explain ed]

, ,
.
yt H h e i-kiH ( an . I; yt H h e i-g oc,

=
yt Hh e i -kiH
, m an] .
y tn
H — k IH,
“
forty .
y H tn
-t “ H fourteen
H fourtee n years .
yt gt
“
SH e , .
t -kiH an I t —k -in -law a c c ompa nier liver

y H ( ; y H t y p o u . s o n [ , ,
with : y H t as in y H t-b H to go to live with ; -kiH m an] Cp , ,

. .
t sH - y H t kiH
’
groun d owl lit stayer wi th t h e prair ie dogs ;
, , .
“
y H t -m
H daughter -in -
, law ; d cu m father -in -law s o n-in- law ; kiH , ,
e idl father-in- law

’
,
.
y H t —m
H (a n I ; y H t -m
Hg y - oc H t -m.
H e
-m c
c daughter -in- l aw [ y H t
’
,
as in y H t-kiH so n-in -law ; -m H wo m an] Cp f cc -iH -y H t ,

bird ,
. .
’ ’
,
sp ; t cc daughter —in- law

’
.
, .
eight two - adverbial e I n in e]

t -s i -s i k t -s
y H eI ,[y H ; t ; eI a s n cc , , , ,
.
y H t s cI ky Hb o up eight m e n y H t s eI S H e eight years , .

, .
t -k
IH eighty
“
y H s eI ,
.
e I n eight by eight
H t s -
y , .
t -dei the eighth

y H s eI n ,
.
t -dou in eight pla c es

y H s eI , .
y H t s -
e I t H eigh t een
“
, .
20
2 B URE A U OF AME RI CAN ET HN OLOGY [ am . 34
y iH , two . Cp y iH -n .
,
four ; y H -t -s
e I , eight ; n iH ~ ny H , t wo by two ;
y iH -
ny H , altern ately ; e t c y iH k t y o up t w o m e n ; y iH S H e .
, ,
t w o years .
i -dei both i two -dei e i d é it those

[y ]
’
y H ,
H ; O u e id e i y i
,
.
(1 waked you up
.
yi e i both of them .
,
.
i -dou in two pla c es two times o u ki l he lives in

y H , yi ,
.
,
two plac es y i o u dei he stan ds in two plac es.

, .
y i H -
n four ,[ p y
c i H t w o ; Tewa y n i)
O -
. four] , yn y H , .
kt y o up four m e n y n y H S H e four years

,
.
,
-dou in four pla c es

yn y H ,
.
i - - o n both sides C i - -t cc - b cc o n both sides

“ ’ ’
y H n p , p y H n . .
, .
-t o udl -t I both c ollar bo n es the c ollar bo n e o n both

yn p
’ “
O u QI , ,
sides .
yn y H -t four by,
four yn y H t H -t I -s ccdl cc four-
cI g . legged “
,
c reatures .
t -dei the fourth

yn y H ,
.
i - -t oce both
“
sides mutual l y -t oce beyo n d] “
y H n o n , , ,
.
y n y H t cce that m an an d
’
O u e id e i g oc n c h é it -t l -t H u cc ’ ’ “ ’ “
z c cn H n cI g ,
I do no t speak mutually .
i -t cc —b oc o n both sides -t cc -b oc beyo n d

g e i h e ig cc
“ ’ “ ’
-
y H n , ] ,
.
h ccn y iH -n -t cc-b oc n -h H e g cc t H an d n either

“ ’ ’ ’ ’
H
side kn ew where they wen t to y iH -n -t cc—b bc ky H t H e kiH .

“ ’ ’
t o u d cc the foll owers of the c hiefs of both sides

,
.
y ( )n
i H -t cu n four (i
“
n a n old K
,
iowa c ou n t ) -t I n un ex plain ed
cI ]
“
,
.
two l iowa ou t - -t u explai ed

' '
-k ccdl —t i d K k dl
y i (H ) H e ( n a n O ,
c n ) cc H e n n ] ,
.
y ( )
i -k ccd o u-k
IH two hun dred
’ “
H ,
.
IH twen ty IH kt y o up twen ty m e n y i
“
y i
“ “
yi H -k
, .
IH ,
.
SH e twen ty years
,
.
y i
“
IH p H t H twe n ty ’
—o n e “
, yi H p H t H kt y o up twen ty . I
’ “
,
o ne m e n y i IH p .H t H S H e twe n ty -o n e years
“ ’ “
,
.
i -dou in twen ty pla c es

“
y IH ,
.
-n H adv every other altern ately i i -

y ( ) y
i H ,
.
, [y x t w o n
; y ; p H c n H ny H , ,
.
,
two by two] tei y i (H ) ny H k iH -y oc (or k cu-y oc ) Hn t a m H

.
“ ’ “ ’ ’
,
he c omes every other day (or n ight ) .
iH -b H in iH b H -kcc to lea n again s t

’ ’
y y ,
.
iH b H -Ecc to lea n again st

’
H - iH b H -kcc tou - b H I am lea n in g ’ ’
y , y .
,
again st the house .
y iH -t
y H -t in iH -t -
y n the fou r th tim e ; y H -t -s
e I eight [ y i
,
H t w o ; , ,
-t adverbial]
, .
t - the fourth t ime id i t -Roup there is the ’

y n , o u e e y n .
,
fourth c amp .
yi H -t
H
“
twelve , y t H R t y p. o u twelve m e n y t H S H e
“
,
.
“
,
twelve years .
y uh in terj of fright or surprise

, . .
20
4 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ B ULL . 84
z e i-p ( zou urs ; app

dliH , zout in c to fl o w melt . Cp
—zout .
,
. .
in H -zout drif twood ;

’ ’
cI i -z e i
, p to bleed in tr ; t cce -zout-H to *’
, .
float ; e t c se H I z o u dliH his n ose is runnin g t cII

- ’ “
i n . .
, .
zo u n dli H the water I s gushi

,
n g out tei d ccm -t H t cII z e ip there .
“ “
,
w as a world flood h e ig cc ci-z e ip it melted (of lead ) = h e ig cc

’
,
.
,
ci-S H t cc t ccn (c an use this latter verb O f s n ow melting but c an

’ ’ ’ “
,
n o t u s e z e ip of s n ow meltin g ) .
zei-p pre p o un d form of zei-p breast , .
zei-p pre p o un d form of zei-p-g oc bow , .
z e ip H d cc (
- - ’
in a n II ; z e i -
p H milk weed [mil k plan t]
.
“ ’
, .
-H -d cc in an sage ora ge tree = z e i - u cct ko u-

z e ip- t k ( O pg
’ ’
g u cc o u n b cc .
,
[yellow bow tree] .
-
z e ip gu cct k o u - b oc ( in an O sage ora n ge tree z e I p gu cct ko u
- .
,
H -d cc li t yellow bow The wood was p ri zed for making bows

’ ’
. . .
,
zei-p-g oc (in an II ; zei p d pl ; zei-p in . bow Cp h c c —

,
. . .
’
z e ipg cc g l b w zei — b -t arrow

’ ’
”
u n ; p H , g cc o ; c
z , , .
e ip - II i - t - n ipple [ breast poin t ]

’
(
’
m t t m t
”
z cc S H an ; z e p c c S H g oc .
, .
Ze ip-t cugo up
“
hits with a b o w as a club prsn of Duke W ellin g
,
“
,
.
“
t o n Jo n es i bow -goup to hi t with a club “

[ p
z e ; t cI I .
] ,
.
z eI m -k cc d cc (z eIm
’
to c ra ck with teeth [z eIm t ooth ;
k cc d cc to c ra c k] Cp z eIm -ka dei n u t d ei-z eIm -ka d oc I
’ ’ ’
,
. . .
, ,
c ra c ked it with my t ee t h d é i-z eIm I am going to .
c rac k it with my teeth .
z eIm k c
~
c - dei (in
’
an nu t [ teeth - cra cked] . .
zou to vo mi t Cp z o u dl-n vomit ; z o u dl-t ou vomit water ; . .

,
b i oc to vomit ,
.
zou-dl vomit in z o u dl-n vomit e t c [cp zou ,

to vo mi t] , ,
. . .
zou-dl-n (in an III ) vomi t F rom zou . to vomit ,

. .
z o u dl - t cII 1 vo m it water thin vo m it ; also said of bad drin kin g

“
, .
,
water ; 2 Zo udl-t cII pl on see Moo n ey p 43 0

.
“
,
.
, ,
. .
zou-t (an II ; zou-t -d cc t pl ; zou-t in

. shell (of mollusk ) ,
. .
zout-e idl a large seashell ’

,
.
-zou -t referrin g to c urren t in zout h H b cc c urren t c arri es away ; ,

— ’
,
H -zout driftwood ; e t c [c p z e ip to flo w]
’ ’
,
. . .
,
*
zou t -b ccdl h cc -h H (zou t-b ccdlh cc -h H g u cc ’
to have waves [ to
’ ’ ’
,
c ur ren t hill rise] d ccm ccn t cII H -zou t -b ccdl h cc - h H g u cc the

’ “ ’ ’
I
’
m .
,
o c ean has waves .
zou t b t oue goup to eddy [zou t referring to c urrent ; -b H

- H - - “
-
,
-t ou -e
“
app as in OCdl -kcc -t oue-E H N ez Percé m an ; goup to ’ ’ “
, ,
.
hit] .
zout h H b H to be c arried by c urrent [zout referring to c urren t ;

— ’
,
- h H b H as in k iHn -h H b H to c ough up ; s oc-cIIm -h H b H to have

’ “ ’ ’ ’
, ,
hemorrhage] H-zout-h H b H I was c arried do wn by t he

.
’ ’
,
water pccn H—zout-h H b H I w as c arried down by the river

.
’ ’ ’
, .
zou t -kout c urrent is stro ng [kou -t strong]

, , .
m nm m o n] V O C ABU LA RY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 20
5
zou t -s y Hn -goup to be a waterfall [zou-t referring to curren t ; -s I H n

,
I —
app small ; gou p

.
- to hi t ] t c I é I z o ut s I a g o up there is
I m -
,
.
“ ’
,
a waterfall .
c I (a n II ; z cu-
g oc
. t pl ; c I z clI
-n z e I
-m in tooth , Cp . .
.
*
c I
-e idl molar tooth f o u b e ib e i-z
’
; , cu fro n t tooth ; cu
z -e i cc grain
g ,
’
,
O f c orn of c ertain s p z eIm —k a d oc to c ra c k wi th teeth ; c In - t e I to

’ ’
.
, ,
c at c h with the teeth ; e t c c I

-b H n -t m c it sti cks to my
cI eI c .
,
teeth .
z or
I
-d cc
(in a n II ; z cu
-n d l
p ; c I
-n . in pin e tree s p ,
. .
,
n H-
- d cc
’ ’
c I .
*
mI -’ e idl
( an molar t ooth [ big tooth]
. II ; z cu-
b iH-d cc, .
c I
-ci- oc s
’
g ( al so . II ; cu
z -e i
mI-’ ci-b oc in an
grain or plan t
; .
“ ’
,
of a c ertain variety of c orn [ tooth seed] .
-e i- u cct ko u -b oc an II -ci- u cct ko u grain or plan t

; mI
* ’
(
“ ’
c I g g .
,
of a c orn variety [yell ow t ooth seed] .
-e to be deep shallow
cI c I c Ie the
C - - ’ “
, p c I y IHn t I . .
,
.
,
water is deep n -ts eIn -c Ie the mud is deep .

,
.
m I n (c In cc p un c t n e g ; c In m cc curs ; c In d cc fut ; z cun cx d cc

- ’ ’ ’ ’
, . .
, , ,
.
fut ne g ; c I n
. to take out pull out take O ff Cp k ue
’
, , , . .
“
n to pull out h c -z cu n to breathe ; c c- In to go ; e t c

’ ’ ’
z cu , c , ,
.
s eIn- p cc g cc d é i- “
c I n d cc
’
I am goi n g to p ul l out my beard ha irs ’
,
.
h o u dld H n t -c In d cc I am go ing to take o ff my c oat poue ’

, .
b ei-z cun d cc do n t take it out ! n - I took him out h ccn

'
’ ’
, z cIIn ,
.
n cu c- take out -bou -z

cunm cc I tak e him
’
z n c I did n o t him , n .
,
out all the time H-z cun take him out ! heit b H—c I n let us .
’ ’
,
’
,
take him out ! t sou cI-t se idl tou—d qun n -z cund cc I have a ’
,
’
,
ston e in my shoe ; I am going to take it out d e I-tou-z cun d cc I am .

’
,
goin g to take it out of my shoe (s ) .
z cu—n p re p o un d form of m I tooth ,

.
z clI—n r
p pe o un d form of c I
-d cc pin e tree s
p , .
-H -d cc in an II
’
pi e tree = -d -
( [ cu n
’ “
c I n ; c In n c I
. cc z ,
pin e ; H -d cc tree] ’ ’
,
.
z cu n-kccdl (in an I ) pit c h [pin e gum] .

,
.
c I n —t
eI to bite [
’
to , tooth c at c h ] n -z
cun t e I I bit hi m .
’
,
.
h ccn n -c In t e Im cc I did no t bite him -bou —z m I ’

n cu n t e I cc , .
,
bite him all the tim e n -z cun t eId cc I shall bite him h ccn .
’
,
.
n shall bite H c In t eI you b ite

’
I n ot hi m - .
’
,
c In -f H dl bite
, [ fr z cu
—t to bite in two] p g c I f H dl
H cc n -.
,
.
’
ncc give me a bite (of the apple e g ) ! , .
-t to bite two to tooth sever n c I t H dld cc I

- n- ’
c I n in ,[ ] .
,
am goin g to c ut (the strin g ) with my teeth .
c I n -t H b e i an II
(
“ ’
; c I n -t H b o u -
p tree squirrel [ c arrier O ff
.
“ ’
,
with teeth : c arri er off fr h H b cc to lif t c arry off ] .

’
, ,
.
z cun -y I H shall ow k n ee -deep waist -

’
,
deep [c In as in z c ue to be , , ,
deep ; -y I H un explain ed] ’

t cII-z cun-,yI H meadow lit .
“ ’
,
.
shallow water .
KI OWA REFE RE N CE S
E N GL I SH-
animal excremen t (dry ) s cct -kccn ,

.
angry aggrieved (to be ) f cc—t cc

, ,
’ ’
.
abreast k cc-n ,
’
.
ankl e ccn-k oc e
,
’ ’
.
ac orn t o u kcct -e i-g oc

,
.
a n k l e p r o c e s s ccn-b H -b o udl ,
’
acc o m p anirn e n t (referrin g to )

‘
,
t eI m ’
.
-t
y H
an t s p (bla c k) eIt m -
eI k cII ,
’ ’ “
A dam s (C harles former

.
Ki H
s y
owa agen t H d Q IIn ,
’ ’
.
an t sp .
(large ,
bla ck ) ,
’
eIt
’
m eI
A dam s apple ciI-pcIIm -§ ccdl
’ ’
,
.
k cII
“
-’ e idl .
adhere to t eih ei-dou ,

“ ’
.
an t s p .
(large red ) , ,
’
eI m —h -
H m eI
’
.
adobe house p He tou t s eIn tou

-
,
“
,
— .
an t sp .
(large red ) , ,
’
eIt
’
m eI
afraid (to be ) kiH -t H t sH-e ,
“ “ ’
.
g
-
u ccdl e idl
’
.
afterbirth g IIcc-dei S YHn -g IIcc—dei

, ,
.
an t sp .
(small ) ,
’
eim h c
1 m ei
’
afterward kiH -n k n y H -tsou , ,

.
HE
’
S I III L
again cc-e ,
’
an t ( small
sp ) eI t . m -S n
eI IH ,
’ ’
.
agen c y e iz e In-n
,
’
. an telope deer f H -p t oc-p f cc , , ,
’
agen t e iz eIn
,
’
. an vil h cc-e it -d oc
,
’
.
alfalfa plan t H -scch y e i-g oc ,

. anywhere o n e does no t kn ow ,
alien m an m an of some other , where h H e n -h eI ,

.
tribe h q-ky H -kiH

,
. Apa che m an T ec -gue-kiH ,
“ ’
.
alive (to be ) kk cum -t cc ,

’
. apart from -t oc-e -g oc ,
“
.
all whole tei tei-p oc-e

, , ,
“
. apple j ui c e c ider H dl cc -t cII , ,
’ ’ “
.
almost quite m I(H), , . A rapaho m an t -H dl -kiH

,
*’
.
alon g with p cc ,
’
armp it hair t Eo u dl-p a t -d a ,
“
.
already n o w hei-g oc , ,
. aroun d at the edge of - cc-ko u
, ,
’ ’
altern ately yi (H ) -ny H ,

.
b H cc-ko u-bei
,
’ ’
.
always c on tin ually H-n bou

, ,
’
, arrowhead se i-s e i g oc ,
— .
am idst hou dl n
- - -
,
. Arik are e m an , Rccdl -kiH .
an d an d then mc arrow throwing game- kc - ’

,
c ,
.
, m cc
an d an d then g oc
, ,
.
sy H
an d already n e Ig cc arrow th owing game- r -’
,
.
,
m ccn ccn
an d n o w , n e I cc -
’ ’
.
n .
angel {so u dl -s cc-m H

,
.
arrow-throwin g game to play , ,
angleworm earthworm , , d ccm -’

-’
m ccn ccn cc .
p o u dl . armpit t so u dl -d cub H ,
.
angry (to be ) ,
s c
c sccH
’
f dei arrow zei—b cc -t ,
’
.
d cc .
arroyo draw gul c h bi H -dl
, , , .
anim al (domestic ) , y H t-b H- dou ’

. artist (m an ) gu cci-kiH ,
, .
animal excremen t ,
s oc-t . as c end hiH-t , .
20
6
20
8 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ BU L L 84
belly down feather bou , t -t s cc blackberry vin e (wild ) ,

s Hn e I
’
g cc -t’
.
’
ci-p eip “
.
belt ,
t ccn-p
H g
- oc . blackbird sp H I) -t ou .
,
’ ‘ “
.
ben d t r b cu -n .
,
’
. blac kb ird (red-win ged ) ,
-
k cc d cc
’ ’
ben t (to be ) -b cu -n ,
’
, b cII n -d cc,
’
f cc-m .
b cII n-
’
n . bla ckbir d (red winged ) -
, k
“
cc t
’ “
Q II
benum bed (to be ) pei-s ocen ,
.
gu ccdl .
beside amon g kiH -y H

, , blackbird sp ou-g u cctko u .
,
’
.
beside at o ne side h cc -b H
, ,
’
. blackbird sp t seI-ku cct o u .
,
.
bes ide at o ne side of -h cc -b H

, ,
’
. B la ck B oy (member of Kiowa
beside n ear -b H -b H
, ,
. order ) k cII ,
“
beside n ear -h oc-e -g oc

, ,
. B la c k H ill s (of South D akota ) ,
beside o n against at -b H
, , , ,
. Sccdlk cce-koup
“
.
between -t -b H -t -d cc 5t blac k horn et f e idl s e ip-k cII-n

' '
“
, , , , .
B lac k L eg m an (m em ber of Kiowa

beyo n d ,
t oc-e
“
. order ) t cII-k cIIn -kiH ,
“ “
.
beyo n d ,
a cross ,
-t oc e t oc-
- - “ “
, p . blac k mud t s eIn -k c II-n ,
“
.
beyo nd ,
-gu oc-b H . black oak tree t o u kcct -H -k cu ,
’ “
beyo n d ,
after -y cc ,
’
g cc -t ’
.
beyo n d ,
behin d -t ec-b oc ,
“ ’
, bla c ksn ake s Hn eI cII-n ,
’
-k “ .
sy n . blac k spider -k -
cH n ,
“
.
bible d a t I ,
’
—k u cct . bla ck wolf kue -k cII-n ,
’ “
.
bic eps cc-dou ’ ’

blan ket k cc-d cc
”
“ ’
.
, ,
.
B ig H ead OCdl t cII-e idl

’ “ ’
. bleed in tr Q u-pe itn Q II .
,
’
,
*
“
B ig Shi elds (n ame of a Kiowa z e ip .
divisio n ) K I(H) -e ip bleed at n ose p cu-Q II-I3e itn

“ ’ “ ’ '
.
, , ,
bir d ku cc-tou f eI n eI
, Eas er pi -z e i
,
— . .
bird sp H -kccd e i .
,
’
blin d (to be ) o dei o n
’
h n - t
’
u -e - .
, , ,
bird sp resemblin g buzzard bou

.
t o ue n - d cc , .
s eI n- k u ccs e it blin d m an bo ndei-kiH to nen

.
, ,
b ird sp d cc H dl-ku cc
.
,
’
.
bir d sp d eI-m -gu ccdl

.
, bloated (to be ) bo u t -ky He-n .
, ,
bird sp p e i -S H dl-cct .
, p ou-t -n .
“
.
bird sp p ei p -f eIn eI-gu ccdl

.
, blood ciI -m
“
.
,
’ ’
.
bird sp S H -t eIn eI .
, bloody (to be ) c I d cc
’
i - .
,
’
.
bird sp f a -
.
n Hm
, bloom ’
fa c e powder p H n
- .
, ,
“ ’
.
bird sp des cribed as having .

, blossom k I H ,
“ ’
.
feathers of several c olors blow (of w d ) g cu d

in m -
, ,
t so u dl-ccdl - bei gQ I I m -k iH b cc .
“
.
bird c age k u cct o u-tou , blow p ou-dl-ci .

,
“
.
bite z cun-t H dl
, blown o n wind (to be ) g cum .
,
bite kcc -dl -ci c In -t e I

,
’
t s Hd e i ,
’
.
’
.
bi t e in two c I t - bluebird cc y t eIn e I

s h e
,
i- .
,
.
blackberry fruit (wil d ) s Hn eI blue fly kc n cgt s ccp o uyi e idl H -

,
’
,
’ “ ’
.
blue green s oc e oc y e i
- s -
h -
, ,
.
HARRIN T O N] G VO C A BU LA RY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 20
9
boat c anoe k cc—bo u t ’

broken (to be ) t cI m -n 3
“
.
, , ,
.
bob c at I cc -p o u p , i
’ “
. broth kiH -ts ou o ,
.
bobtailed k u cc-se i-t ,

. brother p H -biH ; brother (my or,
’
body o n body k ou—n p

, ,
“
. our ) p H -byo n-e ,
’ ’
.
body from waist down piH -t s ip ,

. brother s ister t cc , ,
’
.
body from waist up m H -H -dei ,

’
. brother s daughter iH —t H -t ccn’
,
’ “ ’ “
.
body hair p oc-t -d cc ,

“
. brother s s o n iH -t ccn ’
,
’ “
.
body hair fur wool f uzz velvet , , , , , bro wn p iH -guccdl p iH -seidl

,
“
,
“
.
p
“
cc -n
’
. bru sh or c omb hair ccdl -soum
9 13 ,
*’
.
body louse t cun p o udl ,

’
- . bu cket kettle pot d cc-H t-d cc
, , ,
’
.
boil cc -p H
,
’ ’ “
. bu c keye k cII-t H dl ,
“ “
.
boil t r s cc-n -s cc .
,
’
bu ckskin f ccp-k oce ,
“
.
boil in tr b IHn -n .
,
. bu ckskin shirt bu ckskin dre ss , ,
book mI-k u cct,

.
’
cc y
’
H -h o u dl-dH ,
f ccpk
“
cre -
h o u dl
book c ase k u cct ,
ku cct dH .
s ah ga . b uck s kin thong ,

5
a -y H e
’
-b oc
,
bo n e , t e I m , t cu-s e i-b oc
- “ “ ’
. f ccpk
“
cce -
y H e -b cc .
bo n e awl, awl, t s cII b I H

- ’
. buffalo ,
k ccdl -b IH ,
c
’
c g cc-
’
p H I .
bon e c omb ,
-
t cII ccdl s cIIm
“ ’
. buff al o , c attle ,
k oc-dl .
bon e fish h o o k t ousei-p ou ,

“
. buffalo bull , f ccp p H dl
- “
.
borer -t H t-d cc ,
“
. buff al o grass , s c un -t H .
both yiH -dei ,

. b uff alo horn spoo n f cc-b IH ,
’
.
bough or lim b of tree H -bou -g a t ,

’ ’
. buff al o robe k ccdl-k ec -d cc ,
“ ’
,
k cc
“ ’
bow p H dl-H -g oc zei-p-g oc

,
’
,
. h IH
’
.
bowstring H dl -iH -d cc ,
’
. bug worm pou-dl
, ,
.
box of rawhi de -t s H-d cc ,

’
. bug hole p o u dl-p t ,
“
.
box-elder tre e k oce-seI-H -d cc ,

’ ’
. bugle m an t Q Hb H -tou-RIH ,
.
boy t H-dl -iH

,
“
. b ul b sp H -t § cu .
,
’ ’
.
boy me di cin e t HdliH -d oce ,

“
. bull et piec e of lead pig of lead
, , ,
braid O f hair ccdl -pc -d cc ,

’ ’
. h cc-zei-b cc -t
’ ’
.
braid pcc-n , bullfrog k ccdl e i-k y H dl e i-e idl

,
“ ’ “ ’ ’
.
brac elet m ccn-sou-dou ,

’
b ullroarer n -bou-p cn n -g oc ,
—
.
brain ky H -go u-p ,

’
.
b ullsn ake H -s Hn eI ,
’ ’ ’
.
branch lim b (of tree ) p ou -dl

, ,
“
.
bumble bee k cc -t H e ,
“ ’
.
break (o fl ) t r t e I -m ’
.
,
“ ’
.
bump into wi th the n ose ,
breakfas t k t I H-p IH ,
“ ’
.
m cc k cc n -goup
’ ’
.
breast mil k zei—p , , .

bun ch kn ob k oc-t -n , ,
“
.
breastbo n e d eIm -t cII ,

“
.
bun c hed (to be ) k cctn -d cc ,
“
,
breath h cc h c -t s cun-n ,
’ ’
.
k cc d e i-dou
“ ’ ’
.
breathe h c-z cu-n , .

burier un dertaker t Hm -t s ei-kiH
, ,
“
.
brin g b oc h cc k cc -n ,
’
,
’
,
’
.
b uri ed (to be ) t Hm -t s e idl ,
“
.
brin g al o ng p ct -b cc p cc-k cc n ,
’ ’
,
’ ’
burn in tr t cu .
,
“
.
bring an d give c -h cc ,
*’ ’ ’
.
burn tr -h cc n g u ccdl-h cc n .
’
,
’
.
broom t cce-p i l -H -d cc f cce

,
“ ’ ’
, burn t (to be ) g u ccdl-h ccn g u ccdl , ,
-d oc - -d cc
p t
“
uccdl k
’
k cc n , g
“ “ ’
.
cc n .
2 10 B UREAU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (B ULL . 84
burst t r Ec d cc s H .
,
’
,
’
cat ch trap p ou , ,
“
burst by hi ttin g t cc-kcc d cc ,

’
. c at c h c old k iHn -c cm n ,
“ ’
.
burst forth f cc -n -e ,
’
. c atfish s e Inp cc —d H -, dl
“ ’
.
burst open (to be ) S H -t -n , , c at -tail t o u e n -H —d cc,

’ ’
.
-d cc c attle c o w t s e I- bou k oc-dl

’
SR .
, , , .
bury t Hm -tsei ,
“
. c au s ative verb p o s t fix - ci , .
bush p ei-p
,
“
. c aved out un dern eath Eric ,
’
bush sp p -H dla —p eip .

,
’ “
. k oce-b i(H ) -h i l b H
“
.
bush sp f o u dl -k d l -H -d cc
.
,
“ ’ ’
. c ease ba c k out p H - , t -n , .
but cher p eI-n c ease to blow c Im - h cc n

’
.
, , .
but chered (to be ) p eIn-d cc p eIn c ease to sin g d a - p H tn

’ “
, , , .
c edar tree cc-h I H -b cc

’
gY H , .
butter b cc dlcc c ellar d c cm - c In -tou e

’ ’ ’
.
,
.
,
butterfly k oce-b H -t o udl e i c en t — u ccdl - d -dei

“ ’ ’
,
.
, m
H g a ,
butto cks rump t e i-dl Z H -Cll H t cch cce -s ccdl-dei

’ ’
.
, ,
.
,
buy k cg d cc-h cz n c en tipede t cu-cce - p o u dl

’ ’ “ ’
.
, .
,
buzzar d bou—s eI-n c hair H- t cct -b H -t -d cc

’ ’ “
,
. .
,
c har c oal (pie c e of ) e ip-k Q II-

’ “
n ,
c hase t a -H * ’ ’
.
,
c hase several H- dl -e i ’ ’
,
.
c abbage , c Im -
g oc-d H -’
ci- oc
g .
c heat { s H- hou-dl ,
’
goup
.
c a c tus plan t s e I- ,
.
C heater (b y -n ame O f Se in d e i)
C addo m an H -c Im -dei-kiH
,
’ ’
, , -k H ) -t “ oc ‘
y I
M cc -sei p-kiH
.
’
.
c heek , t o n-pcg e—n ’

,
t o u-I
‘
I cc e
’
c all n ame
,
k c m
c -
,
“ ’
.
n
-e .
c all summo n ky cc - dl -e i
’
, ,
.
c heek bon e t o n-t cI m ,

.
c alled (to be ) k c
“
c ,
.
C herokee m an Ts e iro u-kiH ,

c alf youn g female an imal s
.
cherry f c cep o u f gy m e i-g oc

’
, ,
, .
dl -iH .
c hest d e I-m -n .
c alf of leg
,
t e i-
p .
c hief ky H - t H —e -kiH
,
.
c am p am o ch a, ko u pt a k c
’ “
- ’
xe S Hn e I
chi c ke n f e In e It - t se io u
.
amp c ircle tou y u e ,

.
-b ’
c hil d di m in utive p o s t p o un d egg

c ,
.
c a n in e tooth kue -
’ , , ,
c I , .
s eme n iH ’
a oe boat -bout
.
’ ,
c n k ec
c hil d little o n e S Y -
.
, ,
n E
a va te t f He tou
-
.
, ,
c n s n
c hil e t s e idle i
.
,
c aptive k o u b e i
.
~ ,
c hill s an d fevers (to have ) EW

.
,
c arried by c u rren t (to be ) zout ,

,
- -
h o u d l S H dl ccm n
’
h H bH
’ .
C hin aman Ky H e -pccn-RIH

.
T Hn
c arrier O ff ,
, ,
-k ccn -EIH , T s H en e I
’
c arryin g strap o ut -t H ,
’ “
.
pcc en yHe p
c arry o n ba c k m H- dou ’ kiH .
h cc
’
.
c hin a doll b Q II-h e I I H ,
.
ast a shadow -
k ccpk cu ccm c hin beidl
’ “
c , ,
dou c hi n raised (to have )

’
’ - “
Ou t H
. ,
c at (dome s ti c ) b H o u-
t s e io u do ufl
’
.
,
c at ch t e I ,
’
. chi pmunk , g cum
2 12 BURE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [ B UL L 84
c orn variety (grain of )

*
c I c rest kin gfisher ,
’
ccdl - k oce-ki(H )
“
e i—g u cct ko u-
’
b oc . hH
c orral tou ,
-’H . c ricket f cc -p o u dl ,
’
.
c otto n (fil amen t of ) H dl - t c ri ppled (to be ) H -p cc-d H

“ ’ ’ ’
, p p a ,
.
d cc . c rook for hanging kettle over fir e ,
c otto n cloth (whi te ) t He ,

-k “ cc’-d cc . d oc H dl H -d cc
-’ ’
’
.
c otto n plan t p H l - -goup rop (of bird ) O u-

d p d l
“ ’
cc , . c ,
s oc .
c otto n thread t He- k c -t eI-g oc -t cro ss , t H—e-

“ ’ ’
,
. s oc .
c otto n tail rabbit p o u dl -H-h iH ross t r k oc-t

“ ’ “0
, c .
, .
-h H c ross - eyed (to be) f He-sou-dei-d cc

’
s I .
, .
otto n wood tre e H —h y II-e c ro ss -eyed m an t Hw-sou-dei -kiH

’ ’
c ,
.
,
.
c ough k iH n - c rot c h k oc-t n

0
“
h H bH
“ ’
’
,
.
.
,
c ough dig k iH - c row s oc-k u- h oc

“
n , ,
.
, .
c ou n c ilma n t cu- c ry weep oct -d cc cct -h H d cc

’ ’ ’
kiH ,
.
, , ,
.
c ourthouse kn c cm -tou cry for a relative tou - cct d cc

’
,
.
, .
c over f H e - goup c rybaby boy oct -p o u dl -t HdliH

’ “ “
.
,
.
,
c over m c- 0u d cc c ure do c tor d oce

t “ ’ “0
, .
, ,
c o w c attle k ocdl t s e I-bou ,

c urre n t (referrin g to ) - zou—t ,
, ,
.
c oyote hou -k cu m k u e -s y Hn c urre n t is stro n g zou t -kout

’ ’ ’
, .
, , ,
“0
’
-t “ -t S - k cc ’
Qs h i s
’
mc cu t ,
Qu .
c ra c k with teeth w ith a k n ife E cct

,
t -
m k cc d cc
z eI
’
. cut in t w o , ;
c radle p H- tou p c u t the hair ccd l

“ ’ ’
« —
,
.
,
c ra dl e (old fash i o n ed ) t cug cce c u t -o f f s tump t a t - d cc ,

“
,
’ —
.
p H t
“
o u p
’
c y.c lo n e m n
cg
-k oc-iH
,
“ ’
.
c radle hood f o u b H -k oce ’ “
d
.
,
c ra n e sp k “
p iH o u -
p .
,
~
.
dam -f H -dei
c ra m ps (to have ) m cc iH k y H e
“ ’
- - t cII
’ ’
,
.
, .
c rawl ing (by ) t s cu da n c e k u ccn -

,n ,
.
c rayfi s h sei p m c- -
cn t e I ,
da n c e th r ow (away ) gu oc- n . , , .
c razy foolish ,
adl k oce
- da n c e the s
,
c alp
’
da n c e ccdl -d cc “
. ,
’ ’
c razy fool ish an o u tlaw evil (to

,
gu an , ,
.
be ) ccd lk cce -d cc ccdlk cce -cII

,
’
dan c e groun d d a n c i n g p l a c e
.
“
,
’ “ ’
. , ,
c razy m an outlaw sinn er ccdl k g u ccn d ccm

’ — .
, , ,
oce kiH
“
- .
da n c in g m a n k u ccn -kiH
, .
c razin e ss razy ac t s in ccdl k cce

,
cda n c in g woma n k u ccn - mH , ,
’ “
, .
n . dark bla k Q I c I n
c k I k I -
, ,
“
,
“
.
C razy B luff pl on OCd lk cce dark blac k (to be ) k cII-d cc

,
.
,
’ “
, ,
“
,
t o uh cc
’
. k cun
“
-d cc .
C razy H orse , p rsn Ts eI . dark black (very to be ) k Q IIn

, , ,
“
rawl go crawling t s cII

c , ,
-b H . ou’
.
c rawl in t s cc- h ei ,
. darkn ess bla c kness bla ck paint , , ,
c reek cc -s e i
’ ’
k Q u-sy H
“
, . .
C ree k m an M ccsko u-kiH ,

. daughter , iH -t
’
H
c re m ate property O u dl- daughter law

-in- f t -m
’ ’
g u ccdl , , cc , y
H H .
d ay daytime k iH , k iH -d H
‘ ’ “ “
1 cc n .
, , .
m amm o m V OCA BU LA RY OF KI O WA LA NGUA GE 2 13
day after tomorrow k y Hh I c c dizzy (to be ) k oup ,

“ ’ ’
,
*’
cc -
’ “
.
t a -dei k iH
’
dog t seI-b IH tsei-gu oc-n S E
“
.
, , ,
’
day before yesterday cck ccdl dl -e i ,

’ ’
.
t o u pd e i-k iH f o u pd e i—k iH dog (female ) t s eIh IH-m H

“
,
“
.
,
.
daylight daytime k iH -p H , dog (male ) t seIIh IH -kiH ,

“ ’
.
,
.
dead pei ,
. d o g p e t ts el ) ;
‘
dead (to be ) pei-d oc dog (small lon g haired n ative )

, .
, , ,
dead m an pei-kiH , kou-dl-ou t s H -dou .

, .
dead woman pei-m H dogw ood guen -p e ip

,
.
,
“
.
deaf f cc-kou
,
’
doll h eI-iH .
,
’
.
deaf (to be ) f cc-kou-d cc do nkey H,

’
.
,
’ ’
deaf m an f cc-kou-kiH , door t sH -t ’

.
, .
deep (to be ) c I-e door kn ob t S H t -t cge-k cct -g cc-t

, ,
“ ’
.
deer k y H e -gu ccn

,
“
doorway t sH -t -n .
,
.
deer an telope t H -p t oc-p t cc

,
down un der c(III -m c I-b H
, ,
’
, ,
’
, ,
deer sp t k cu-n .
,
- n
d e i sy
l . .
deer an tler p -g IIcc-dei down un der -dou -m -cciI-b H

,
.
, , , ,
deer-c olored (to be ) p -p ccdl -da d eli -gm ,

“
.
“0
defec ate s cc -b oc down downstream piH piH -dei
,
’
.
, .
, , ,
des c en d (e g hill ) to fall (as p iH -dei—t g o u

.
, , .
rain ) sei—p ,
down feather down t s cc-g as
.
, .
des c en d slide down o u-t down slope hei-c I m -tsou

, ,
’
.
, .
desire intr t eI-n t e In d cc drag pull k u-e .

,
“ “
, , ,
“
vein -Em m a drag k ue-b oc k ue-h H b cc ,

“
,
“ ’
,
desolate (to be ) t H-e-m eI k u e h y -cc k ue -k cc n ,

“
.
“ ’
,
“ ’
.
devil f é o u dl
, dr ago n fly k oce-kccn-h o u dl ,
“
.
dewy (to be ) H -d cc drawkn ife H -t H -b oc

,
’ ’
.
,
’ ’ ’
die h eI -m , dr eam H-¥ is

’
.
,
’ ’
die of smallpox t H dl -k 0up dr eam in g (referrin g to ) H

“ “ ’ ’
, ,
h eIm
’
. driftwood H -z out ,
’ ’
.
dig h I H -n dr ill for borin g metal h cc -t H

’ “
.
, ,
d ig c ough k iH -n t -d cc
“
.
, , .
diggin g stick d ccm -k u cc drink t cu-m ’ “
dim e t He-sy H
.
, ,
.
n-h H —dei drive H -dl H dl -b oc H dl -h cc ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’

.
, , , .
dimin utive iH t cc n - - drive

,
in
’
H dl -h e ib cc ,
“
.
,
’
.
din in g room p IH tou e

- drow n,
t r cII b H -h o u dl ’
. .
,
’ ’
.
dinn er k iH scc-p IH
,
“
dro wn ed (to be ) cIcIb H -h eI m .
’ ’ ’
.
dig up O u p -
,
drum
’
p ccdl -k cc -
g oc .
,
“ ’
.
di pper t cII O u p
-
,
- “
drumsti c k ’
p ccdl k c2 -t cue .
,
“ ’ “
.
dir e c tio n (in a ) y H -e dry t H -p ,

’
.
,
“
.
di sh k cc H t d cc
,
- - ’
dr y ( to be ) t H p -
p d cc .
,
.
dissatisfied (to be ) ou-t cc dry up in tr t H p-h ccn ’

. .
,
“
.
di ve Q IIb H -gu ccn

,
’
duck ou -e i-ky H -t o u dl
’
.
,
’
.
divin g drowning (referrin g to ) Duke W ellington Jo n es prsn

, , , .
,
’
-
bH
’
Ze ip -t “
cu cug o up .
214 B URE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY [m a ss
dumb m an t O IIh eI ,
-EIH . e nd , fulln ess (referring to ) , k cc-n
- “
dust dirt p H-e

, ,
“
.
’
-
ccp k c
“
cn
dust p He-p t ,
* “ “
. en emy ,
ky H e -d cc .
dust-win dy (to be ) ,
’
H
’
n . en emy (m an ) C omanc he (m an ) , ,
dweller -kiH -dl ,

. ky H e -kiH .
enough ou ou dei
,
’
-b H’-h cc
,
- -
h cc
’
.
en ter hei-b H ,
eagle k u cct o u-b IH
.
,
.
erec t p cc-e ,
“
.
eagle feather ku cct o uh H -H -g cc -t ,

I
’ ’ ’
.
ere c t o ne put o n e in t s ei , ,
.
early O ld time t cII—g oc-e

, ,
“
erec t several to put sever al in s oc , ,

.
earring f cc-H ,
’ ’
.
ere c t (to be t H -dou ,

’ ’
.
earth c oun try plac e d ccm

, , ,
.
erec t (to be t H -dou ,
“ ’ ’
.
ear f cc —dei
,
’
.
evenin g (in the ) tei-b IH ,

.
ear hole t cc —p o u d l-p t ta ,

’ “
,
’
everywhere k o ub e i k ou-n -e ,
“
,
“
.
t H dl
“
.
excremen t s cc-n ,
’
.
earwax ,
- -
f cc b H k a
“ ’
.
excres c en c e o n tree H -kcc ,

’ ’ ’
east p H e -b cc d e ip p H e -b cc d e ip
,
’ ’
p
“
Ou dl .
dei .
extin gui sh p cc ,
eat p oc h H -n ,
’
,
’
.
eye t H,
’
.
eater —h H -n ,
’
.
eyelash t H — oct -d cc ,
’ ’
.
eat to fullness bou—t , .

eyelid t H -1Ecc ,
’
'
eatin g table p IH-H -d cc ,

’ ’
.
eddy zout -b H -t oue-goup ,

“
.
edge p H n —b e i
,
’
.
fac e t o u-b H t o u-b H -e
, ,
’
.
edge c orn er ou-t a

'
’ ’
, , fa c e down in verted up s ide down
a s Em
, , ,
e e l. s -
n .
d cc-dei .
egg semen iH iH -t He
'
’ ’
, , ,
.
fac e powder (particle of ) f ou p ,
eggshell iH t He-k cce

'
’ “
,
.
t ei t-d cc
“
.
eight y Ht -s eI ,
.
fair light-c olored ca m
, ,
eight (in an old Kiowa c oun t ) , fair (to be ) f scII-d cc ,
.
se i
fall ku-e -n p ei-t -n
eight by eight y H t s eI-n
.
, ,
, .
fall ou-t n ’
~
eight plac es (in) y H ts eI-dou

.
,
.
fall (as rain ) rain des c en d

eighteen y H ts eI-t H “
e g hi ll i-
, ,
( )
, .
s c p
eighth (ordin al ) y H t s eIn-dei
.
,
. .
,
fall (down ) gu oc-p-g oc {so u-ci
.
eighty y H t s eI—k IH ,
“
.
, ,
elbow bo n e m ccn n
eleven p H -t H ’
,
“ fall grape p
-c i- oc
g ,
ko ud l t H
- “
.
,
far t cc -g oc
.
“ ’
eleven by eleven p H t H-n

'
’ “
,
.
.
,
eleven pla c es (in ) p H t Hn —dou ,

’ “
.
farthest V 6 17 far bH -h il? , ,
,
eleven th (ordin al ) p H t Hn-dei ,

’
.
fast walker (130 be ) c§n-t s H -s oc e ,
’ ’ ’
.
elk ko u-g oc-e

, .
fat t gl-n
,
.
elk order (m ember of ) Ro ugcce ,

father patern al 1111 019 t OC dl ; my
, ,
'
RIH . or our father t u t cc-e ; father ,

’ ’
,
e lm tree lit , .
,
sad dl e tree ,
t ec
“ ’
vo c . t oc
,
’
.
’
H
’
d cc . father in-
- law ,
-
kiH e idl
’
.
216 B URE AU OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY (s o m e:
foreski n beidl cce cce,

-k “
,
s o u-k
“
. get angry at ,
k
“
o ub e i-pe i dl
0
forgive cgn-t o u
'
“ ’ ’
, pH cg cc .
forty y H tn -k iH ,
“
. get burnt t s e In-h ccn ,
.
forward from n o w o n t o u-bei , , get coli c bou t -k oup -ccm gy rr,

“ ’
.
gu oc .
“ 0
get lost poc-e ,
.
four y iH-n ,
. get short O f food h eIm -ccm n ,
’
.
four (in an Old K iowa c ou n t ) , get smoky H e -s eI-ccm n ,

’ ’
.
yi (n ) n -t Q vn “
get to pai ning k ou p-ccm n ,
“ ’
.
four by four y iH-n -t ,

. get wise gu oc- ccm n ,
’
.
four plac es ( ) yn y dou

in H -
,
. give hand cc m H—g oc m H
, ,
’
,
’
,
* ’
fourteen y H tn -t H ,
“
. lI cc
’
.
fou rth (ordin al ) y n y H t -d ci ,

. give a whoop t S H t ,
fourth ti m e y t n ,
. give birth to a c hild iH-t § e ip ,
’
.
fox t se I-t H -ou -t H

,
“ ’ “
. glass tumbler glass dish b Q IIe , ,
foxtail plan t p e I-scu-d cc ,

. IEcc H t -d cc
’
.
f rcsh n ewborn (to be ) pcc-gy I r

, ,
’ -
. glue paste kccdl-s e i
, , .
frie nd k cII-m t s H -H -dei

, ,
’
. glue I c d ls e i-kcc
,
’
.
frightf ul (to be ) zei-dl b ci ,

— . glued (to be ) kccdl s ci-Ic -d cc ,
’
.
f ri nge (pen dule of ) cc ,

’ ’
glutto n bou t-pou t-kiH,
.
f ring e ccy H -s oc ,
’ ’
.
“0
go b H ccn-h t
, ,
’
.
F rizzle h e ad l-p ei p go (it ive ) -hou

(p
“
d
’
r s n O ( .
, ,
.
(lei go travel h o u hou t ou-y H ’ “

, ,
. .
frog sp k cc d le i .
“ ’
go walk t sH -e t sH e —b H -t s H
, , ,
’
f rom se e at ,
. go alo ng making a noise hou ,
fro m wais t down piH -dei-p ,

.
P9 9 4 3
fro n t former f ou p -dei
, ,
.
go razy c ,
’
-
ccdlk cce ccm n
’ ’
.
f rosty (to be ) lii n -f ifl -d cc deer hu t i g p e H

’
n n -
,
.
g o , .
f ruit seed brea d e i-g oc -ci-b oc

, , ,
’
,
’
, go fis h in g ccp IH-p o ub H ,
’ ’ “
.
-ci— cc’-t
’
g . go hu n ting cI-b H ,
’
.
fruit - o ud l
p .
go O ff angry f cc-b H f g ,
’
,
“0
fry k Q -t cc ,
* ’ ’
.
“ 0
go o n foot ccm-t s H-b H ,
’ ’
.
full satiated (to be ) bou t-d oc

, ,
.
go out take out t ei -p
, ,
“
.
fur c rook p cc—b Q II n ,

“ ’ ’
.
go o v er to ga m ble cc -H e ,
*’ ’ ’
.
fu s over iH s ,
’
go pas t through t ou-n -e , ,
“
.
go spyi ng ko u-b H ,
.
go to break o ff t r t Q I m -b H .
, .
gall f c , c-d c i
’
.
go to c atch -p O u-b H ,
“
.
ga m e C2 -gy rr ,
’ ’
.
go to fight ky H e d cc -b H ,
’
.
“0
ga m ble m u ch cc-t ,
’ ’
.
go to get k cc-b H ,
“ ’
.
gam ble well be a good gambler , ,

go to get firewood kiH -b H , ,
kiH t -b n
“
’
cc-lI
’ ’ —
eIm
IH .
.
gambler ,
’
cx -kiH ’
,
’
2-
c lI H p-kii-I
’
.
go to h u nt for t cu-b H , .
gap m ou nta in pass

, ,
t cc—n .
g o to live w ith y H t -b H
, .
g arfish , c lf c
Inc
’ ’
- -
c kyu e
’
. go to play y H e -b H , .
get take , h cc-

’
, n . go to se e p Q H—b H , .
um mm o u] VOCABULA R Y OF KI OWA LANGUA GE 2 17
go t o sleep d e I h ei m c ,
- ’
,
-m c
c .
“0
gri nd brush (hair ) S Q II-m , , ;
go to work s ccd e i-b H ,

’
. gri nd up fine p n -cc m e I ,
“ ’ ’
.
go with ac c o m pany t t -cc , ,

“ ’
. gri nd s to n e l c -s ciI ,
’
.
goal t cc-tse id l
,
’
. groi n t cc ,
’
going o n foot ccm-t s H ,

’ ’
grou nd o wl s p t s R-y u t-kiH .
, .
good (to be ) f H -n ,
’
. grou nd squirrel t s H -kQ IIm -z fl ,
’ ’
gooseberry bush ccdlk o up-ci ,

’ “ ’
dl -ci .
p eip“
. grow s m all wan e s y ccn-ccm n , ,
’
.
gooseberry fruit ccdlk o up-ci-g oc ,

’ “ ’
.
g
-s tri ng t oc—e -gou -
p , .
gourd (wil d ) fruit kou -k cII-b cc ,

. gullet O ub H -k y r e ,
’ “
r .
gourd (wild ) plant ko u-k cII m ,

’
g u m c hewi,n g g u m k -d l
cc , .
goup .
g u n rifle
, h cc-z e ipg- oc
,
’
.
gopher p ie -n ,
gourd (fruit of c ultivated gourd ) ,

“
t c g occ-
’
hackberry fruit
.
,
’
-
H c i-g oc
’
.
gourd vin e t cc-go up ha ckberry t re e H-e i-p eip

,
“ ’
.
,
’ ’ “
.
grab hold of m ccn t fscII-LQ I hail f e In-sei p ,

’
.
, .
grandfather k Q II-n hailsto ne t e I-n,

“
.
, .
grandmother (matern al ) t H-g irI ; hair of ears f cc-p cct -d cc ,

“ ’ -
,
’ “
.
grandmother (matern al my or hair of hand m ccn-p cct-d cc , ,

“
.
our ) t H dei
-
,
“
h air of head’
c c - d cc .
,
’ ’
.
grandmother (paternal ) t H d l - hairbrush c omb cc d l-

s cu m ,
“ ’
, ,
’
.
in .
hair dressed to o ne side ccd l ,
’
gran t cc H dl -ccm n h cc b H
’
’ ’
.
, , .
grape fruit (wild ) t oidei-ci-g oc hair dressed to o ne side (m an ’

.
grapevine foidei ci p e ip
- havi
,
n g ) ccd l- h cc b H - kiH “
.
,
’ ’ ’
.
grass (plant or tuft of ) s c I-d cc hairy - oc—h o ud l

p i ,
“
.
half -e -dei
,
.
k
“
grass bur S Q Hn-s e I g oc o u Z H — , .
half
,
brother
.
ri e d e i—p fl b in
’
grasshopper kcc-dl cc-k ccy -ii r z — ’ “ , .
half dollar ,
-dei
.
-h ’ ’
grave t Hm t o un
- “ fi c c I H ’ , .
,
halfway midway
.
zH -
’ ’
graveyard t Hm -t s ci d ccm t iIm hammer “ y oc

—
“ , , .
tsei y oc
- ’
,
m c -f so u-t I -c ,
,
’ “
I
’
.
hammersto
.
ne { o u-t u -e s
“ ’
gray (to be ) p ei p -EHQ ’ , .

“
hand arm m cc -d cc ,
.
’
~
grayish blue (to be ) p e if) t Ic h and with the m c m c m ccn , ,

' .
“
I
( ) , ’
c c ,
s cch y e i .
ha n d ga m e tou cc - n
’ ’
grease greasy plac e HIV-gy m , .
,
ha n d-game player tou — cc -kin ,
. ’ ’
grease lard t H-n , .
’
, han d-game so ng tou-cc-d cc-gy ri
,
.
,
’ ’ ’
grease smear k cc key-c hu g handkerchief s e In-p t -d cc

.
’
“
, , ,
.
, .
greasy (to be ) ic Ecc-d cc handle tou-p t ccm -t Q II-d cc ,

* ’ ’
.
, ,
“
.
G reat Spiri t D cc—kiH D cc kir happy (to be ) Q II-t H -d cc ,

’
,
’
r
,
’ “ ’
.
e id l hard stro ng kou -t

’
.
, , .
great walker (to be ) ccn-t s H hard k not (referri ng to ) p I-m ,

’ ’
,
“
I
k is n icr . s oc
green t cc d e i- cch y ci
,
’
s . hard times (to h ave ) , kou t-d c i
green pea t ccd lt cIn-s cch y e i-g oc ,
“
.
’
cc kcc
’
.
2 18 BURE AU OF AME RI C AN ET HNOLOGY [m u n
harn ess wagon k ue , ,

“
—
p H,
“
kcc ’
hit with the hand m cgn-goup , .
d l hitter with a sti ck -t cu—goup ,

“
.
hat b c -t I-d cc kccn-b cIIh cu d cc

, ,
— . hitting (by ) t cc t cc ,
’
hawk sp H -k oc-e .
,
’
.
hoe d ccm k u cc s y rm
,
’
— .
hawk sp c ce -t H e .
,
’
.
hold have have o n dou , , ,
’
.
hawk sp c cc-k Q II-n .

,
’ “
.
hole t H -dl -p iH -t
,
“
,
“
.
hawk sp kccn p-p H -d ogn l3p .

,
’
,
homesi ck (to be ) tou-k t I H ,
“ ’
H -d cn’ d cc .
p c
ho n ey pano cha p eI
.
hawk sp mccn fso u

-
n hH
- ’
, , .
,
ho n eybee p eInh H -p o u dl
.
’
hawk sp t ccdl-k cu-f cc dl e i ’ , .
,
ho n eyc omb t e idl s e ip-tou
. .
hawk sp t cun-p o uy iH y -iH “ “ , .
,
hoof ccn-kccn
. .
hawk (red-tail ed ) t cIIn-g u ccdl “ , .
,
hook for hanging things away
.
head ccdl ’ ,
cc -ku cc-so u-dei

, ’ ’
head hair cc-dl cc-t ’ ’ .
headache ccdl t cu-k oup

,
’ “ “ hook with horn s gIIccn-m He , .
hook—n osed (to be ) m cc -t cc-h cc

.
, ’
'
headache fruit ccdl-k oup — e i-g oc ’ “ ’ , .
,
hook-n osed m an m q t cch cc-kiH
.
H ead Draggin g C reek (ple n ) ,

.
,
horn an tler g rIcI-dei
, ,
.
head louse p O u “ horn ed o wl sp m cc -b H .

,
’
i .
horn ed o wl s p m cch IifH! -f He

.
, ’
hear f cc ’ .
, .
horn ed o wl sp Hcc-g ucc

.
,
heart t eI—n “ .
, .
horn ed toad s eI-h H n

.
, ’
heart di sease t eIn-h o udl -d H “ , .
,
horse t s eI
.
heart of tree H -n -c I—g c -t ’ ’ ’ ,

.
h o rse fly , t s eI-p o u d l
.
”
heart vein t eIn-p iH “ .
horse harn ess , t s eI k u e p H

.
,
- “ “
heel ccn-p cc -g oc
’ “ ’
H orse eaddresses
.
,
hello H -k ou ’ ’ “ H
order ) T s eI t H-e-n -m cc
-
.
, “
hemorrhage soc , .
h emorrhage (to have ) s cc-cIIrn

,
’ horse m an ure t s eI-s cct , .
h ortative or emphati c parti cle

,
h H bH
’ ,
k oc-dl
.
herd of an telopes f cc —sei dl ,

’
.
.
hortative particle used with fut

herd H dl -dou ’ ’ ,
.
,
,
.
hei-t
here eI-h OC (Hm -11 0 ; I(H) -h OC ;
.
, , “ 8 ’ ’
) ,
hortative verb prefix k cc-n
also e Id e i—h cc e Im d e i-h cc e t c
’ ’
,
’ ’
, .
hot (to be ) S H -dl

,
here o
.
,
I(H) h cc
’ ’
w -
n, ,
.
hot sun shin e p H -S H t -n ,

’
heavy (to be ) p iH
.
“
,
.
house tipi tou , , .
hicc oughs (to have ) t ccdl-h H-d cc ,

’
.
ho u s e having a chimn ey k c IIm p cc ,
’
high (very to be ) ky H e-h H —d e i , ,

’ ’
, tou
m ae m
.
-h l house post tipi pole t o n-d cgm , ,
high water (to be ) tsei-p-d cc ,

.
dei-H -d cc ’ ’
.
hill b oc—dl-h cc p iH -g oc
,
’
,
“
.
h o w ? in s ome w ay h H -tsou ,
’
.
h ip , p iH -t e idl h o w man y ti m es ? several times

“
.
,
h is , their , your ,prefixed to ce r h H o u d e i dou

’
— .
tain relatio nsh ip term s H ,

’
h o w mu c h h o w m any ? some se v , ,
hit g o u-p ,
. eral h H -ou-d e i ,
’ ’
.
hit (no t to miss ) gu oc-b H , . hun gry (to be ) t cc—h e I m ,

“ ’ ’
.
22 0 BU RE AU OF AME RI CAN ET HNOLOGY (B ULL . 84
K iowa order (member of ) H dl ,

’
lay several kou-p , .
dou ’
-’iH . leaf H e -d eI-g oc
,
’ ’
.
Kiowa order (member o f ) ,

Koue leaf tripe many plies s ccdl-k cce , ,
“
.
t s e IEiH . lean t oc-dl ,

“
.
Kiowa order (member of ) , K “

u cct lean agains t y iH -b H -kcc ,
’
.
leec h Q II-cct -p o udl

,
’ ’ ’
.
Kiowa order (member of ) SeIn

, left ccm -t Hm -dei
,
’ “
.
dei iH
-’
. leg marrow t cII-dei
, ,
“
.
K iowa order (member of ) T He leg hair t cu—p oc-t -d cc ,

“ “
.
bei -kiH . lemon e i-gu cct lio u-d cc t Q II-H

,
’
,
“ ’
Kiowa woman c e -m H , .
’
-
Q m o$
’
.
kitc hen p IH-ccm -tou e ,

’ ’
. len d ,
’
-’
cc cc .
knead z cc-e ,
’
.
-less privative po s t fix e d to no uns
, ,
knee f e idl -b cII

,
’
. an d adj e c tives -h eI , .
kn eec ap t e idl b cII -f Hep o ut -n

,
’
. let loose m aj -gu oc , .
knee pit p H dl-c Im -b H ,

. le t tuc e c u c umber s cch y e i-e i
, ,
’
knife kcc ,
’
.
go up .
kn ob t e-k cct -g cc t
,
“ ’
. liar, p “
o u d l-kiH .
kn ob moun tain ko u—p

, ,
. lie p ou-dl-n
,
“
.
“0
kn ot (at e n d of strin g ) p ou t ,
“
lie p Oudl-t g cc ,
“
.
t
“
Hd l-H e . lie (in positio n kcc; does ,
know , h H -e - n ,
b Hen -
d cc . n o t lie tsou - g oc ,
’
.
lie (in position kn oc-dl

l , .
lie asleep d e I—kcc .
Ia p ei—bei t-d cc
bium ,
“
.
lie asleep d e I-ku ccdl .
ladder ccn-t ou t ,
’ “
lie dead pei-kcc .
lake sei-tsou, .
lie down m cc ,
’
.
lamb s quart e r beidl—s eI-H -d cc

’
,
’ ’
.
lie rotten b cIIn-k cc .
lame (by havin g o n e leg short ) ,

lif e kk cuI n-d H kk cIIm -n
, , .
t cII-
“
t l .
lift h H b H ,
’
.
lame (to be ) t Q II-t l -d cc ,

“
.
lif t c arry o ff h H —b cc
, ,
’
.
lame m an t clIt l-kiH ,

“
.
light b Q H-n ,
.
lard grease t H-n

, ,
’
.
Light prsn P iH-b Q II , .
,
“
.
lard bu cket t Hn -d oc H t -d cc ,
’ ’
.
light shine -p H , ,
’
.
large muc h ci-dl say-e idl b IH-n

, ,
’
, , ,
light bright (to be ) b cII-d cc
, , .
s oc-
b IHn , s oc- -
p Hn , s oc
“
- ’
s oc light (in w e igh t t o be ) cc-k cc ,
‘
,
’ ’ “
.
large-nosed m an , m cc kcIn -e idl

’ ’
light (fir e ) biH -dl—b ,
kiH . lightnin g b cue-b H -hei p-n , .
large wi ds eld n hi ,
k cu pm cc -b i n
H
“ ’
. like m c -tsou
,
’
, .
lasso p ou , y
“
-kiH - H e -b oc . like Q II-d cc Q u-dei Q II-p e idl
,
’
,
’
,
’
lasso p O u-k n y H ,
“
. do ufl
last h Q II-n
,
lion ,
’
-
H k IIe , m
’’
-
H p
n
“
oc-h o u dl .
last m an h cgn -E H , . lio n ou n tain lion ) m

(m ,
-d e idl .
laugh p ei , lip beidl-k oce

,
“
.
lay o n e t Ee i-p , . lis ten t cc-t H dl -dou ,

’ “ ’
.
A N
H RRI GTON] V OCABULA RY OF KI OWA LANGUAGE 22 1
listen to f cc-h H -t ,
’
. make c razy to do wro ng , ,
li ttle (a small quan tity ) s y cc-n , ,

’
ccdl k cce
“
syc cn-dei . make to d rink t cu ,

“
Little Clifl prsn To uh cc-s y Hn ’

,
.
,
’
. make dry t H p ,
“
little girl m H-t ccn ,

’ “
. make hotter S H dl -h H b ,
’
live dwell kiH -dl

, ,
. make kill d cc ,
liver kidney t cc-dl

, , . make run H e ,
’
liver f ocdl-e idl

, . make smooth t e ,
lizard sp t o uguccdl-f H -dei .,

’
. make swim k ccf cc ,
’
liz ard sp fé o u .
, m an , ky H I H -b ’
.
load clothes property provi

, , , m an , ,
-kiH male .
sion s O u-dl ,
’
. man e ,
’
- -
O u y cc —d cc
’
.
load O udl-koup ,
’
. m any (to be ) cc-e k cc-n ,
’
,
.
loaded (to be ) o u dl-p H ,

’ “
. many times e it d e i-dou ,
’
.
lo c k up p H-t se ip t cII-p H ,
“ ’
,
“ “
mare t s eI-m H
,
.
lon e p H g cc-e
,
’ ’
.
0
“
mark paint e t e gu oc-t , , , .
L on ewolf prsn K ue ,
.
,
’
marked pain ted ku cc-t , , .
Lo n ewolf D elos p rsn s of K cII , , .

,
“
m arked (to be ) k u cct -d oc ,
.
’
e idl,
’
HI
'
m hc -
- ’ ’ ’
H . marrow leg t cII-dei , ,

“
.
lo ng tall k IH-n IH
, ,
. Martinez An dres prsn HHn , , .
,
long (for a long time ) ,

t cc—
’
dei . d l ei .
lo ng ago t cII-g oc ,
“
. mat c h t H -tou-p ,
.
look at s cc-m -d cc , ,
sccm -b l
c g, matted (to be ) tangled se i-dl -d cc , , .
t cc-b H m aybe t H -dou h e I-n m cc-

’ ’
.
,
n , ,
.
lump exc resc enc e H -H -t -d cc

, ,
’ ’
. meadow t Qs-z qun y i s ,
“ ’
.
lum p in the throat O u-H H t -d cc ,

’ ’ ’
. meadow lark t H -t cc-guccdl ,
’ ’
.
lum p o n abdomen bout-H H t -d cc ,

’
. mean (to be ) c dei f cc-n
-
,
’ ’
, .
lump o n body k ou-H H t-d cc ,

“ ’ ’
. measure t ccm -ccn ,
’
.
lump o n e y e t H -H H t-d cc ,
’ ’ ’
. measur e t cgm ,
*
lump o n groin t cc -H H t-d cc ,

’ ’ ’
. measurin g stic k f ccm ccn H -d cc ,
’
.
lump o n fac e fo u-HH t -d cc ,

’ ’
. measurin g worm p cc -li ou-dei ,
“ ’
.
lump o n han d m ccn-H H t -d cc ,

’ ’
. meat flesh kiH , ,
.
lump o n n ose m cc-H H t-d cc ,

’ ’ ’
. meat membran e of po u dl -cc
, ,

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SMITHSO N IAN IN STIT UTIO N

BUREAU OF AMERI CAN ET HNOL O GY

B URE AU O F AME RI CAN E TH N O LOGY

Washington, D a , S ep tem ber

SI R : I have the h o no r to submi t the a cc ompanying ma n us c ript ,

t o n, to rec ommen d its public atio n subj e c t to your approval

as a bulletin of this B ur eau .

4 Glo t t ali z at io n o f v o w e ls a n d dip h t h o n g s

8 V o w e l inse rt io n b e t wee n h e t e ro -o rga nic n a s als

1 1 Clusiv e s a n d aﬁ ricat ive s

14 . Co n so n ant al st ru ct ure o f s y lla b le s _ _

E x planat io n of the en r tyf o rm o f v e rb s

V Transit iv e -re fe re nt ial se rie s

VI Re ﬂe xiv e -re fe re ntial se rie s

App e n dix B Te xt : Th e Udd e r-

his tory tra c es from an origin al habitat in what is no w western M o n

ﬁeld work d on e in 1 9 1 8 at An ad arko and t h e willing informan ts ,

who were foun d in Mr E n o c h Smoky and Mr P aul M cKe n z ie

what seemed a more than us ual amount of in telligen t in terest o n the

K iowa speakers in mind that the orthography of the presen t v o c ab u

best and c an n o t be sim pliﬁed beyo nd a c ertain poin t without omit

some of these resemblanc es striking and appearin g to o n e who has ,

developed a sp rach ge fiih l as features inherited from un ity in the

In additio n to the prin c ipal inform an ts Mr Delos L o n ewolf ,

adopted so n of the fa m o u s K iowa chief L o newolf Mrs L au ra D , , . .

m y indebted n e ss to Superin ten den t C V S t inch e c u m of the K iowa . .

1 Mr . Sm ok yw as an e nt hu is ast ic info rm ant . H e w oul w ork d unt il l at e at ni gh t , runnin g up th h e ours

ot h er Kiow as in N e w M e xico k nown as t h e T aos . He wo ul d d i t t it t in g

it in many ways ; to Mrs G eorge L aird ; and to Mr F W H odge for . . . .

mer ethn ologist in c harge and Dr J W alter F e wk e s present C hief ,

of the B ureau of A meric an E thnology for a c tive and sympathetic ,

in terest in the lo n g-looked -forward -to proj ec t of makin g an e x am i

Six vowel qualities an d twen ty-two c o nso n an ts are foun d in

n ormal in that its soun ds are al so foun d in n eighborin g sto c k s ; it

c o n tain s n o soun ds as pe c ul iar for the regio n as for in stan c e O maha ,

b 6 or the K iowa Apa che laterals The vowels o c c ur unn as aliz e d .

an d n asalized the voic eless clusw e s have also glottaliz ed an d

aspirated varieties As o n e of the strikin g features of the phon etic s

w e might poin t out n o t the o c c urre n c e of an un usual soun d but the

the less extreme p o sitio ns in F r ba san e (b o zan) sheepskin are .

heard In loanwords En g 0c is Kio oc; Eng H is K io H ; thus

ocdl ocm o ub i l automobile ; k H p c ap In Tewa the soun d of (1

o cc urs as in E ngl fa ther the artic ulatory position of which lies

perhaps midway between oc and H .

o n e i are false diphtho n gs pro n oun c ed as in E ng s o ul e ight an d

c an also be writte n ow e y When ou e i o c c ur as the ﬁn al elemen t

be p re glo t t aliz e d or pre aspirat e d ; e g k ue y wolf written kue ; . .

e i regularly represen t E ng ou e i in loanwords Kio ou ci are .

probably also the regul ar represen tatives of Eng u i although .

some examples show Kio iH for E ng 1 Thus t o ub e it se i two . . .

bits ; t se idle i Chile (but o< dlocm o ub i l automobil e as given above )

u i o c c ur o nly as ﬁrst elemen t O f the diphtho ngs u oc u e iH The

se c o n d elemen t of the diphthongs uoc in is frequen tly elided ; thu s ,

the elision of the sec o n d elemen t of the diphtho ng iH in word auslaut

d Q unn e , I smelled somethin g rotten

without a foll owing diphthong elemen t , o c c urs in cgm h y u m -d e i, right

(dexter) but the form is probably c on trac ted from cgm

dei (see p I t sho ul d be n oti c ed that while iH begins a few

words u a or ue has n o t been foun d as an initial syllable