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    Lesson 18

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    Sopphia Calope
    This document provides an overview of direct and indirect speech. It defines direct speech as conveying the speaker's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech reports what someone said without using their exact words. The document outlines basic rules for changing direct speech to indirect speech, such as changing pronouns to match the subject/object and changing verb tenses depending on the reporting clause. It also discusses converting interrogative and imperative direct speech and provides examples to illustrate the differences between direct and indirect speech.

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    Lesson 18

    Uploaded by

    Sopphia Calope
    32 views42 pages
    This document provides an overview of direct and indirect speech. It defines direct speech as conveying the speaker's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech reports what someone said without using their exact words. The document outlines basic rules for changing direct speech to indirect speech, such as changing pronouns to match the subject/object and changing verb tenses depending on the reporting clause. It also discusses converting interrogative and imperative direct speech and provides examples to illustrate the differences between direct and indirect speech.

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    LESSON 18

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    This document provides an overview of direct and indirect speech. It defines direct speech as conveying the speaker's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech reports what someone said without using their exact words. The document outlines basic rules for changing direct speech to indirect speech, such as changing pronouns to match the subject/object and changing verb tenses depending on the reporting clause. It also discusses converting interrogative and imperative direct speech and provides examples to illustrate the differences between direct and indirect speech.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views42 pages

    Lesson 18

    Uploaded by

    Sopphia Calope
    This document provides an overview of direct and indirect speech. It defines direct speech as conveying the speaker's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech reports what someone said without using their exact words. The document outlines basic rules for changing direct speech to indirect speech, such as changing pronouns to match the subject/object and changing verb tenses depending on the reporting clause. It also discusses converting interrogative and imperative direct speech and provides examples to illustrate the differences between direct and indirect speech.

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    ENGLISH 9

    LESSON
    18
    DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
    Identify the difference between direct and
    indirect speech.

    Use direct and indirect speech appropriately


    in varied contexts.
    Class
    Understand and follow the rules in
    Objectives
    converting direct speech to indirect speech
    and vice versa.
    Direct
    Speech
    Indirect
    Speech
    Activity Time

    Tell whether the sentence


    1. Ariel said to me, "Did you
    is Direct or Indirect
    Speech. get home safely?"
    Activity Time

    Tell whether the sentence


    Joey said, "I am one in a
    is Direct or Indirect
    Speech. million."
    Activity Time

    Tell whether the sentence


    Marvin said that he joined the
    is Direct or Indirect
    Speech. Tiktok Dance Challenge.
    DIRECT SPEECH

    The message of the speaker is conveyed or reported


    in his own actual words without any change. It is also
    known as QUOTED SPEECH. The exact message of
    the speaker is enclosed by quotation marks "..."
    DIRECT SPEECH

    EXAMPLES:
    The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
    The mother ordered him, "Clean the house."
    "Is everything clear?" asked John.
    DIRECT SPEECH

    Direct speech commonly has a


    reporting clause, reporting verb,
    reported clause and reported verb.
    DIRECT SPEECH
    EXAMPLES:
    Reporting clause:
    The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
    Reporting verb:
    The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
    Reported clause:
    The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
    Reported verb:
    The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
    INDIRECT/ REPORTED SPEECH

    Reported speech is also known as indirect


    speech. it is a report on what someone else
    said or wrote without using that person's
    exact words. Unlike direct speech, it doesn't
    have quotation marks.
    INDIRECT/ REPORTED SPEECH
    EXAMPLES
    The boy said that he had eaten
    pancakes.
    The Mother ordered him to clean the
    house.
    John Asked if everything was clear.
    Basic Rules in
    Changing
    Direct Speech
    (DS) to
    Reported
    Speech (RS)
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)
    1. Changes in the Person
    of the Pronouns

    1st person pronouns in a reported clause are always changed according


    to the subject of the reporting clause.
    Example:
    DS: Anna said, "I am happy."
    RS: Anna said that she was happy.
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)
    1. Changes in the Person
    of the Pronouns

    2nd person pronouns in a reported clause are always changed according


    to the object of the reporting clause.
    Example:
    DS: Joy said to Paul, "You passed the exam."
    RS: Joy told Paul that he had passed the exam.
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)
    1. Changes in the Person
    of the Pronouns

    3rd Person pronouns in a reported clause are not changed.


    Example:
    DS: Joana said, "She looks sad."
    RS: Joana said she looked sad.
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)

    2. Changes in Verb Tense

    Reporting Clause with a Present or Future Tense Verb


    If the reporting clause is in present tense or future tense, then there is
    no change required in the verb of the reported clause. This verb could
    be in any tense.
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)

    2. Changes in Verb Tense


    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)

    2. Changes in Verb Tense

    Reporting Clause with a Past Tense Verb in Direct Speech


    Occasionally, we don't need to change the present tense into the past
    if the information in direct speech in still true. But this is only for things
    which are general facts & even then usually we like to change the
    tense.
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)

    2. Changes in Verb Tense


    Changes in Tense of the Verb
    Changes in Tense of the Verb
    Changes in Tense of the Verb
    If the reporting verb is
    in past tense, then the
    reported verb will be
    changed, depending on
    its tense.
    Changes in Tense of the Verb
    Changes in Tense of the Verb
    Changes in Tense of the Verb
    Change in Modal Verb
    Change in Modal Verb
    Change in Modal Verb
    Change in Modal Verb
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)
    3. Other significant word
    changes from direct
    speech to reported speech
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)
    4. Conversion of
    Interrogative and
    Imperative Direct Speech

    The reporting verb said or said to is changed to askes, demanded, or


    inquired.
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)
    4. Conversion of
    Interrogative and
    Imperative Direct Speech
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)
    4. Conversion of
    Interrogative and
    Imperative Direct Speech
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)
    4. Conversion of
    Interrogative and
    Imperative Direct Speech
    Basic Rules in Changing
    Direct Speech (DS) to
    Reported Speech (RS)
    4. Conversion of
    Interrogative and
    Imperative Direct Speech
    Do you have
    any
    question?
    WORKPLAN

    Answer L18 A1
    THANK YOU
    See you next time!

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