Study of the Dolok-Penggaron River System

and Design of the East Floodway, Final Report

under JICA Loan IP-534 on Flood Control

CHAPTER 5. FLOOD SURVEY

5.1 Questionnaire Survey on Floods

In order to grasp condition of floods caused by the KBT, Babon, Dombo-Sayung and Dolok rivers, flood survey was
conducted. In the flood survey, questionnaire survey to people was conducted to collect information about floods and
degree of damage caused by floods. Table 5.1 .1(Category 2. to 4.) shows the items of questionnaire to people about
floods.

Table 5.1.1 Questionnaire Items of the Flood Survey

Category Item
1. Place (Written and measured by the Survey 1) Name of Place
Staff)
2) Coordinates (Latitude and Longitude)
2. Flood Condition of the Recent Maximum 1) Occurrence Year and Month
Flood
2) Maximum Flood Depth above Ground
3) Duration of Flood
4) Flow Direction of Flood
5) Velocity of Flow
 Strong Current
 Medium Current
 Slow Current
 Still Water
6) Damage to House
 Completely destroyed
 Half destroyed
 Partially destroyed
 No Damage
7) Damage to Crop
 Kind of Crop
 Completely destroyed
 Half destroyed
 Partially destroyed
 No Damage
8) Damage to Fish Culture
 Kind of Fish Culture
 Completely destroyed
 Half destroyed
 Partially destroyed
 No Damage
9) Other Damage (if any)
3. Flood Condition of the Annual Flood Same Questions of the Items 2) to 9) of Category
2.
4. Other 1) Opinion for Flood Mitigation (if any)

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5.2 Flood Survey Points

Survey points are distributed to cover the flood vulnerable areas considering sources of floods such as KBT, Babon,
Dombo-Sayung and Dolok rivers as well as flooding areas by high tide of the sea and inland flooding areas due to
drainage problems. Figure 5.2 .1 shows the flood survey points. Total number of the survey points was 378.
Summary tables of the Flood Survey and all of the produced maps about floods are attached in the Annex III.

Figure 5.2.1 Flood Survey Points

5.3 Historical Floods

5.3.1 Occurrence Month-Year of the Historical Flood
People answered various year or month-year of occurrence of the historical floods, but the majority of the answers is
January 2014 Flood. As for year, people answered that the historical maximum floods occurred in 2014 (1 st), 2015
(2nd), 2013 (3rd) and 1998 (4th) etc. (see Figure 5.3 .2). As for month-year, people answered that the historical
maximum floods occurred in January 2014 (1 st), January 2015 (2nd), February 2015 (3rd) and February 2014 (see
Figure 5.3.2). It is estimated that people generally remember the historical maximum floods which occurred in recent
years such as within 5 years or so.

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Number of Answers about The Occurrence Year of the Historical Maximum

Floods
120

100

80
Number of Answers

60

40

20

0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Year

Figure 5.3.2 Number of Answers about Occurrence Year of the Historical Floods

Number of Answers about Occurrence Month-Year of the Historical Maximum

Floods
70

60

50
Number of Answers

40

30

20

10

0
Jan-90
Oct-90

Jan-93

Jan-96
Oct-96

Apr-98
Jan-99
Oct-99

Jan-02
Oct-02

Apr-04
Jan-05
Oct-05

Jan-08

Jan-11
Oct-11

Apr-13
Jan-14
Jul-91
Apr-92

Oct-93
Jul-94
Apr-95

Jul-97

Jul-00
Apr-01

Jul-03

Jul-06
Apr-07

Oct-08
Jul-09
Apr-10

Jul-12

Oct-14

Figure 5.3.3 Number of Answers about Occurrence Month-Year of the Historical Floods

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5.3.2 Combined Historical Floods

As it is not so clear about which flood was the historical maximum flood, this subsection describes the combined
historical floods.

(1) Maximum Inundation Depth

Figure 5.3 .4 shows the estimated maximum inundation depth of the combined
historical floods. It can be seen that inundation has occurred along the mid-stream to
downstream of the KBT, upstream and downstream of the Babon River, upstream to
downstream and especially around the mid-stream bending portion of the Dombo-
Sayung River, and mid-stream of the Dolok River. Maximum inundation depth is
about 0.7m to 1m along the KBT, Babon and the Dolok River. The maximum
inundation depth along the Dombo-Sayung River is more than 1m.

Figure 5.3.4 Maximum Inundation Depth of the Combined Historical Floods

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(2) Flow Direction

Figure 5.3 .5 shows the flow direction of the inundation of the maximum inundation
map of the combined historical floods. Based on the flow of inundation, it can be seen
that the inundation water along the KBT and Babon rivers came from the rivers.
According to the information from people, overflow from KBT and Babon rivers
caused inundation.
The inundation water along the Dombo-Sayung River came from the Dombo-Sayung
River as well as moving water with north direction between the Dombo-Sayung River
and the Dolok River. The overflowed water from the bending portion of the Dombo-
Sayung River flowed to east direction to the Dolok River. Overflow from the diking
system as well as breaching of dikes (example: at the bending portion) had occurred
by the floods.
Inundation water along the Dolok River came from the river as well as from the
eastern area of the Dolok River. It seems that the inundation water moved to north
direction from the left side of the Dolok River to the Dombo-Sayung River bending
portion.

Figure 5.3.5 Flow Directions of the Combined Historical Floods

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(3) Duration of Floods

Figure 5.3 .6 shows duration of inundation of the combined historical floods. Along
the KBT, the duration is mostly less than 1 day, but the duration in the downmost
reach is 1 to 3 days with maximum duration of more than 7 days.
Along the Babon River, duration of the inundation is less than 1 day from the
upstream to the downstream around the bending portion. The duration is 1 to 7 days
in the downmost reach.
Along the Dombo-Sayung River, duration of 1 to 7 days with the maximum of more
than 7 days in the downstream reaches around the bending portion can be seen.
Along the Dolok River, duration of inundation is less than 1 day from the upstream to
the mid-stream. From the mid-stream to downstream, duration of inundation is 3 to 7
days.

Figure 5.3.6 Duration of the Combined Historical Floods

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(4) Source of Floods

Figure 5.3 .7 shows sources of floods answered by the people. Sources of floods along
the KBT, Babon, Dombo-Sayung and Dolok rivers are from the each river. In the
downmost reaches where tidal effects can be seen, sources of floods are combined with
the rivers and the sea (tide). There are also inundation areas with source of drainage.

Figure 5.3.7 Sources of the Combined Historical Floods

(5) Damage Rates

Figure 5.3 .8 to Figure 5.3 .10 show damage rates of the combined historical floods in
terms of house, crop (especially paddy) and fish culture. Partial damage is mostly
answered by people about damage of house. Complete to partial damages are
answered by people about damage to crops (especially paddy). Complete to partial
damages are answered by people about damage to fish culture.

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Final Report and Design of the East Floodway,
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Figure 5.3.8 Damage Rate of Houses of the Combined Historical Floods

Figure 5.3.9 Damage Rate of Crops (Paddy etc.) of the Combined Historical Floods

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Figure 5.3.10 Damage Rate of Fish Culture of the Combined Historical Floods

5.3.3 January 2014 Flood

Majority of the people answered that January 2014 Flood was the historical maximum flood. Considering this, Figure
5.3 .11 shows the maximum inundation depth and duration of the January 2014 Flood. The tendency of the
inundation is similar to the maximum inundation depth of the combined historical floods.

5.3.4 Annual Floods

Figure 5.3 .12 shows the maximum inundation depth and duration of annual floods. The maximum inundation depth
of annual flood along the KBT, Babon and Dolok rivers is small. The maximum inundation depth along the Dombo-
Sayung River midstream around the bending portion is about 0.7m.

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Figure 5.3.11 Maximum Inundation Depth of the January 2014 Flood

Figure 5.3.12 Maximum Inundation Depth of Annual Floods

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*DO NOT PRINT THIS PAGE

内容
エラー! 文書が自己参照を行っています。 1
Chapter 5. FLOOD SURVEY 5–1
5.1 Questionnaire Survey on Floods5–1
5.2 Flood Survey Points 5–2
5.3 Historical Floods 5–2
5.3.1 Occurrence Month-Year of the Historical Flood 5–2
5.3.2 Combined Historical Floods 5–4
5.3.3 January 2014 Flood 5–9
5.3.4 Annual Floods 5–9

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