Nepal Open University

Faculty of Management and Law

Office of the Dean
Final Examination
2021 (2078)

Program : Bachelor of Business Science (BBS) Full Marks : 100

Year : First Time : 3 Hours
Subject : MGENG 303 English

Candidates are required to answer all the questions in their own words as far as practicable.

Group A
Short Answer Questions

Attempt any SIX questions. [6×5=30]

1. Match the two parts of these phrases.

a. set i. a success (of something)
b. make ii. short and long term goal
c. meet iii. a sense of achievement
d. improve iv. your eye on the goal
e. develop v. your performance
f. keep vi. a talent
vii. positively
viii. an effort

2. Complete the sentences with the verb in the appropriate present tense form.
a. The online supermarket business (boom).
b. Blogging (become) an important way for business to communicate with customers.
c. Recently a lot of supermarkets (try) to attract more customers to shop online by offering
lower delivery charges.
d. The number of local shops (fall) drastically in the last ten years.
e. Aston Martin (make) luxury sports cars.
f. Bloggers (be) successful in getting three computer firms Sony, Dell and Apple to withdraw
their faulty computers.

faint-hearted, heart-stopping, heart attack, heart surgery

by heart, heartbroken, set your heart on something , miss a heart beat

3. Complete these sentences with a suitable ‘heart expression’ from the box below.
a. He ran the marathon despite having just recovered from……………..
b. Bungee jumping is not for the …………………….
 c. He was ……………………after someone stole his iPod.
d. She had ………………….. on doing a bungee jump on her birthday.
e. She knew all her friends' phone numbers …………………………
f. There was a …………… moment when the skydivers' parachute failed to open.
4. Write an expression each for the following purposes:
a. Breaking bad news
b. Reacting to bad news
c. Giving good news
d. Reacting to good news
e. Welcoming the attendees to a meeting
f. Making an offer
5. Examine the arguments by Fiano Jenkins on the negative impacts of television in the essay
“Curbing the One- eyed Monster”.
6. What are the motherly duties enumerated in the poem, “Don’t Cut Down Trees, Brother
Woodcutter’? Elaborate.
7. Do you agree with Moti Nissani’s view on “Why Go To University?” Explain. Why or why
not?
8. Retell the plot of “King David’s Crime” in one paragraph.
9. What are the five stages of grief Linda Paston discusses that one must learn to live with at the
loss of dearly people.

Group B
Descriptive Answer Questions

Attempt any THREE questions. [3×15=45]

10. Apply the four levels of reading a text to “Mr. Know All” by Somerset Maugham or “Lady
with the Dog” by Anton Chekov.
11. Narrate the plot of the play “The Tiny Closet” by William Inge. Then make a character sketch
each of a) Mr. Newbold b) Mrs. Crosby.
12. Write an essay on ‘Changes in our Country’. Think about your country over the past five years,
what it is like now, and how it might change in the next five years. Include:
a. lifestyles and the standard of living
b. the economy
c. the government
d. relations with other countries
13. Answer these questions.
a. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of “Dubbing vs Subtitles”.
b. How would you react in this situation: You have a brilliant idea which you shared with
your colleagues. One of these colleagues presents your idea to your boss without
acknowledging that it was your idea.
 c. Imagine that you are organizing a press meet to appeal the concerned to create a conducive
environment for the start-up businesses that have been hit hard during the Covid- 19
pandemic. Draft a press release for the occasion.
14. Read the article given below and respond as per the instructions. (10X 1.5= 15)

Article : Photography
A
Over the past one and a half centuries, photography has been used to record all aspects of human life and
activity. During this relatively short history, the medium has expanded its capabilities in the recording of
time and space, thus allowing human vision to be able to view the fleeting moment or to visualise both
the vast and the minuscule. It has brought us images from remote areas of the world, distant parts of the
solar system, as well as the social complexities and crises of modern life. Indeed, the photographic
medium has provided one of the most important and influential means of capturing the essence of our
being alive. Nonetheless, the recording of events by means of the visual image has a much longer history.
The earliest creations of pictorial recording go as far back as the Upper Palaeolithic period of about
35,000 years ago and, although we cannot be sure of the exact purposes of the early cave paintings,
pictorial images seem to be inextricably linked to human culture as we understand it.
B
Throughout the history of visual representation, questions have been raised concerning the supposed
accuracy (or otherwise) of visual images, as well as their status in society. Ideas and debates concerning
how we see the world and the status of its pictorial representations have been central political,
philosophical and psychological issues from the time of Ancient Greece to the present-day technical
revolution of the new media communications. Vision and representation have pursued interdependent
trajectories, counter-influencing each other throughout history. The popular notion that ‘seeing is
believing’ had always afforded special status to the visual image. So when the technology was invented,
in the form of photography, the social and cultural impact was immense. Not only did it hold out the
promise of providing a record of vision, but it had the capacity to make such representation enduring.
C
In the mid-nineteenth century, the invention of photography appeared to offer the promise of
‘automatically’ providing an accurate visual record. It was seen not only as the culmination of visual
representation but, quite simply, the camera was regarded as a machine that could provide a fixed image.
And this image was considered to be a very close approximation to that which we actually see. Because
of the camera’s perceived realism in its ability to replicate visual perception, it was assumed that all
peoples would ‘naturally’ be able to understand photographs. This gave rise to the question of whether
photography constituted a ‘universal language’. For example, a photograph of the heavens, whether it
showed the sun and moon or the constellations, would immediately be understood in any part of the
world. In the face of the rapid increase in global communications, we do need at least to ask to what
extent the photographic image can penetrate through cultural differences in understanding.
D
There are other questions that arise concerning the role of photography in society that have aimed to
determine whether the camera operates as a mute, passive recorder of what is happening or whether it
possesses the voice and power to instigate social change. We may further speculate whether the camera
provides images that have a truly educational function or if it operates primarily as a source of
amusement. In provoking such issues, the photographic debate reflects polarised arguments that
traditionally have characterised much intellectual thought.
 E
The last 170 years have witnessed an ever-increasing influence of the visual image, culminating in the
global primacy of television. For photography, the new prospects and uncertainties posed by digital
storage and manipulation, and the transmission of images via the internet present new challenges. It has
even been suggested that we now inhabit the ‘post-photographic era’ – where technological and cultural
change have devalued photography to such an extent that events have taken us beyond the photograph’s
use and value as a medium of communication. Furthermore, perhaps we should be asking if the advent
of digital imagery means that photography, initially born from painting, has turned full circle and has
now returned to emulating painting – its progenitor.

Instruction: Which section are the following mentioned in? Choose the correct sections (A – E). The
sections may be chosen more than once.

1. possibility that photography can directly influence events in the world =

2. possibility that the photographic image has become redundant =

3. images being interpreted in a similar way by different societies =

4. a commonly held view about the relationship between what is visible =

and how it is interpreted
5. contrasts of scale that can be represented in photography =

6. possibility that the techniques employed in photography today have =

taken the medium back to where it started
7. ability of photography to provide images that will exist for a long time =

8. uncertainty as to whether the main purpose of photography is to inform =

or to entertain
9. potential of photography to epitomise the human condition =

10. view that photography was the greatest achievement in the history of =
visual images

Group C
Situation/Case Analysis [25]

15. A mid- scale company has assigned you to investigate the context of employee motivation.
You have finalized an investigative report analyzing the context, causes, and effects of
employee de/ motivation there.
Task:
Write an email to the CEO of the company reporting your investigation and findings in about
300 words including:
• The background of the company you investigated;
• The context of employee motivation there;
• Causes and effects of employee de/ motivation;
• Recommendations for happiness, productivity, and efficiency of the workforce.