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APES Study Guide

Unit 6: Food & Agriculture

In this unit we will study the basic nutritional needs of human beings, what happens when these needs are not met, and what is being
done in an attempt to make certain that these needs are met for all people. We will also study agriculture, soils and soil conservation,
and the “green revolution.”
Textbook Reference:
Botkin, Keller, Environmental Science, 6th Edition: Chapters 11-12
Outside Reading:
Diamond, “The Worst Mistake in the History of the Human Race,” Discover. May, 1987.
Other Materials: (If time permits)
Food, Inc.
King Corn
SGQ 1-5 Due Monday, November 29, 2010;
SGQ 6-10 Due Monday, December 6, 2010

Vocabulary (About 60 terms)


green revolution O horizon overgrazing
monoculture A horizon water logging
cash crop E horizon pest
subsistence crop B horizon vector
ruminant C horizon biological control
aquaculture organic fertilizer natural pesticide
limiting factor inorganic fertilizer integrated pest management (IPM)
synergistic effect leaching pesticide
genetic engineering fallow broad spectrum pesticide
genetically modified organisms (GMOs) sustainable agriculture narrow spectrum pesticide
hydroponics slash-and-burn agriculture insecticide
undernutrition (undernourishment) contour farming (plowing) herbicide
overnutrition (overnourishment) no-till agriculture fungicide
malnutrition (malnourishment) industrialized agriculture rodenticide
kwashiorkor shelterbelts bioaccumulation
marasmus organic farming biomagnification
famine drip irrigation pesticide treadmill
seed bank soil salinization neurotoxin
sustainable yield desertification Silent Spring
soil fertility DDT

Study Guide Questions (SGQs):


1. Describe and write out the sequence of events that led to the 6. Identify and evaluate the pros and cons of agricultural
green revolution, then identify and describe its successes subsidies and international food relief.
and failures.
7. Describe how insect pests become resistant to a pesticide,
2. Explain how the characteristics of current world food then explain how a farmer “gets on” the pesticide treadmill
production and distribution significantly contribute to the and describe its consequences.
world’s food problem. What solutions are there to the
8. Define integrated pest management. Analyze the pros and
world’s food problem.
cons of using integrated pest management.
3. Define undernourishment; then identify, define and
9. Identify the different classes (not types) of pesticides.
distinguish between the various maladies associated with
Classify each class as narrow spectrum or broad spectrum,
undernourishment.
list its degree of persistence, and identify the extent to
4. Explain what soil is, where it comes from and how long it which it bioaccumulates and biomagnifies.
takes to form. Using a simple drawing, identify each soil
10. Describe the characteristics of the ideal pest and the ideal
horizon and provide a brief description of each.
pesticide. Describe the characteristics of the ideal pest and
5. Distinguish among the three soil textures. Describe how the ideal pesticide.
humus and pH contribute to soil fertility.
999812-BD301
Brother order number

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