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    Physical and Psychological Effects of Substances of Abuse

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    Sharon Tucci-Guy
    This document summarizes the physical and psychological effects of various substances, including opioids, sedatives, hallucinogens, cannabinoids, alcohol, stimulants, and volatile solvents. Withdrawal from opioids can cause runny nose, muscle spasms, nausea, and attacks the central nervous system. Sedative withdrawal can result in tremors, anxiety, headaches, and seizures. Hallucinogens like LSD can cause perceptual distortions, impaired judgment, and flashbacks. The document provides detailed lists of effects for each class of substance.

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    Physical and Psychological Effects of Substances of Abuse

    Uploaded by

    Sharon Tucci-Guy
    84 views6 pages
    This document summarizes the physical and psychological effects of various substances, including opioids, sedatives, hallucinogens, cannabinoids, alcohol, stimulants, and volatile solvents. Withdrawal from opioids can cause runny nose, muscle spasms, nausea, and attacks the central nervous system. Sedative withdrawal can result in tremors, anxiety, headaches, and seizures. Hallucinogens like LSD can cause perceptual distortions, impaired judgment, and flashbacks. The document provides detailed lists of effects for each class of substance.

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    PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SUBSTANCES OF ABUSE

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    This document summarizes the physical and psychological effects of various substances, including opioids, sedatives, hallucinogens, cannabinoids, alcohol, stimulants, and volatile solvents. Withdrawal from opioids can cause runny nose, muscle spasms, nausea, and attacks the central nervous system. Sedative withdrawal can result in tremors, anxiety, headaches, and seizures. Hallucinogens like LSD can cause perceptual distortions, impaired judgment, and flashbacks. The document provides detailed lists of effects for each class of substance.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    84 views6 pages

    Physical and Psychological Effects of Substances of Abuse

    Uploaded by

    Sharon Tucci-Guy
    This document summarizes the physical and psychological effects of various substances, including opioids, sedatives, hallucinogens, cannabinoids, alcohol, stimulants, and volatile solvents. Withdrawal from opioids can cause runny nose, muscle spasms, nausea, and attacks the central nervous system. Sedative withdrawal can result in tremors, anxiety, headaches, and seizures. Hallucinogens like LSD can cause perceptual distortions, impaired judgment, and flashbacks. The document provides detailed lists of effects for each class of substance.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OPIATES/OPIOIDS (NARCOTICS)

    (EX: OXYCONTIN/PERCOCET/HEROIN/MORPHINE)

    Withdrawal reactions include:

    1. Runny nose
    2. Involuntary Muscle Spasms (“kicking”)
    3. Attacks Central Nervous System
    4. Nausea and vomiting
    5. Diarrhea
    6. Muscle aches/Cramping
    7. Bone pain
    8. Insomnia

    Physical effects include:

    1. Respiratory depression (Heart Failure)


    2. Nausea and vomiting
    3. Constipation
    4. Loss of appetite
    5. Weight loss
    6. Increased risk of having different infection, e.g. tuberculosis
    7. Hepatitis C/HIV
    8. Collapsed Veins
    9. Overdose/Death

    PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SEDATIVES-HYPNOTICS (“BENZO’S”)


    (EX: XANEX, VALIUM, ATIVAN, KLONOPIN)

    Withdrawal reaction of benzodiazepine:

    1. Tremor
    2. Fatigue
    3. Loss of appetite
    4. Nausea and vomiting
    5. Restlessness
    6. Anxiety
    7. Headache and muscle pain
    8. Depression
    9. Tinnitus
    10. Increased blood pressure
    11. Palpitation
    12. Insomnia
    13. Poor memory
    14. Impaired attention
    15. Delusion
    16. Suspiciousness
    17. Convulsion/Seizures
    18. Loss of consciousness
    Common psychological and psychiatric effects of benzodiazepine:
    1. Risk of dependency
    2. Confusion
    3. Amnesia

    Physical effects of benzodiazepine:


    1. Sedation
    2. Dizziness
    3. Respiratory depression
    4. Accidents, e.g. traffic accident, falls

    PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HALLUCINOGENS & “PARTY DRUGS”

    (EX: LSD, ECSTASY, GHB, KETAMINE, MDMA -METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE)

    Psychological effect of LSD include:

    1. Perceptual distortion
    2. Impaired judgments
    3. Anxiety
    4. Elated mood
    5. Depression
    6. Labile mood
    7. Impaired attention
    8. Impaired motivation
    9. Delusion
    10. Hallucination
    11. Confusion
    12. Self-destruction behavior
    13. Flashbacks
    14. Schizophrenia like state in chronic user

    Physical effects of LSD include:

    1. Increased in blood pressure


    2. Tachycardia
    3. Dilated pupil
    4. Hyperthermia
    5. Nausea and vomiting
    6. Sweating
    7. Dizziness
    8. Coordination Problems
    9. Blurring of vision
    10. Muscle twitching
    11. Convulsion

    Psychological and psychiatric effects of MDMA:

    1. Feeling of relatedness to others


    2. Increased empathy
    3. Altered perception of time
    4. Increased libido but diminished ability to achieve aroused and orgasm
    5. Increased emotional expressiveness
    6. Reduced ability and desire to perform mental tasks
    7. Anxiety
    8. Restlessness
    9. Euphoria
    10. Reduced defensiveness and decreased aggression
    11. Disinhibition and increased awareness of emotion
    12. Perceptual distortion and hallucination
    13. Confusion
    14. Flashback
    15. Paranoid psychosis
    16. Hangover effects-depressed mood, loss of energy, sleepiness, fatigue, lack of
    motivation

    Physical effects of MDMA:

    1. Restlessness
    2. Teeth-grinding
    3. Tightening of jaw
    4. Loss of appetite
    5. Sweating
    6. Hot flashes
    7. Tremor
    8. Gooseflesh
    9. Increased or decreased body temperature
    10. Severe changes in blood pressure
    11. Increased heart rate
    12. Arrhythmia
    13. Coagulopathy
    14. Acute renal failure
    15. Liver toxicity
    16. Neurotoxicity
    17. Intracerebral hemorrhage
    18. Dehydration
    19. Death

    PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CANNABINOIDS (MARIJUANA)

    Psychological effect of cannabis include:

    1. Amnesia
    2. Impaired concentration
    3. Distorted perception of time, sound, touch and taste
    4. Paranoid reaction
    5. Hallucination
    6. Depersonalization
    7. Lack of motivation-chronic cannabis syndrome
    (also known as a motivational syndrome)
    8. Muddled thinking
    9. Panic
    10. Depression
    11. Schizophrenia
    12. Dementia like state
    13. Risk of dependency
    Physical effects of cannabis include:
    1. Dry mouth
    2. Increased appetite
    3. Conjunctiva injection
    4. Tachycardia
    5. Decreased in blood pressure

    PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL

    Psychological effects of alcohol:

    i. Intoxication -
    1. Elated mood
    2. Disinhibition
    3. Impaired judgment
    4. Belligerence
    5. Impaired social and occupational functioning
    6. Mood labiality
    7. Cognitive impairment
    8. Reduced attention span
    9. Slurred speech
    10. Incoordination
    11. Unsteady gait
    12. Nystagmus
    13. Stupor
    14. Coma
    15. Depression

    Alcohol withdrawal
    1. Hand tremor
    2. Insomnia
    3. Sweating
    4. Increased heart rate
    5. Hypertension
    6. Anxiety
    7. Illusion
    8. Visual, tactile or auditory hallucination
    9. Seizure

    Physical effects of Alcohol:

    1. Dementia
    2. Liver damage-hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer
    3. Cancers of mouth, pharynx and esophagus
    4. Unsteady gait, slurred speech.
    5. Peripheral neuropathy: numbness, pain and prickly feeling or burning of the skin, especially the feet.
    6. Stroke
    PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS/METHAMPHETAMINE
    (EX: COCAINE, CRYSTAL METH, ADDERAL/RITALIN)

    Withdrawal reaction:

    1. Depression
    2. Anxiety
    3. Irritability
    4. Agitation
    5. Craving
    6. Fatigue
    7. Hyperplasia
    8. Loss of energy
    9. Loss of interest
    10. Suicide

    Psychological and psychiatric effects:

    1. Risk of dependency
    2. Anxiety
    3. Elated mood
    4. Irritability
    5. Panic
    6. Agitation
    7. Paranoid state
    8. Psychosis
    9. Aggressive behavior
    10. Self-destructive behavior

    Physical effects:

    1. Loss of appetite
    2. Weight loss
    3. Insomnia
    4. Tachycardia
    5. Increased in blood pressure
    6. Muscle twitching
    7. Hyperthermia
    8. Cardiac arrhythmia
    9. Malignant hypertension
    10. Heart failure
    11. Stroke

    PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF VOLATILE SOLVENT (INHALELANTS)


    (EX: COMPUTER CLEANERS, GAS, SOLVENTS, CLEANING FLUIDS, ADHESIVES)

    Effects during intoxication:

    1. Irritability
    2. Euphoria
    3. Slurring of speech
    4. Indecisiveness
    5. Incoordination
    6. Disinhibition
    7. Abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting
    8. Blurring of vision
    9. Chest pain
    10. Difficulty in breathing
    11. Tinnitus
    12. Hallucination
    13. Disorientation
    14. Prone to accidents
    15. Coma
    16. Arrhythmia
    17. Cardiac arrest
    18. Inhalation of stomach content
    19. Asphyxia
    20. Death

    Psychological and psychiatric effects of chronic abuse:

    1. Risk of dependency
    2. Nervousness
    3. Depression

    Physical effects of chronic abuse:

    1. Headache
    2. Loss of appetite
    3. Skin problems
    4. Neurotoxic effects, e.g. peripheral neuropathy, impaired cerebellar function,
    encephalitis, dementia
    5. Damage to liver, kidney, heart, lungs, bone marrow and adrenal glands
    6. Nausea, vomiting and vomiting blood

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