Ketabe Tasviye Benzin
Ketabe Tasviye Benzin
Ketabe Tasviye Benzin
ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ
ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ
ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺶ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺷﻬﻴﺪ ﺗﻨﺪﮔﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ
ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ
Light Naphtha Hydrotreating
1
2
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ 4................. ................... ..................................................................................
ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ 8.................. ................... ......................................... Hydrotreatment
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ 8.......................... ........................... .........................................................
ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ 11........... ................................. ............... ........... ........................... ...
ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ 13............................... ..... .................. ............................................
ﺷﺮﺡ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ 15.......................... ................. ...........................................................
ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ 26.................... ................. ..................................................................
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ 35...................... ................. ......... ...............................
ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ 43............................. ................ ..................... ....................
ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ 49..................... ................ ............................ ..............................
ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ 52................... ............... ....................................
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ 61............ ............ ................... .................................................
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ …… 75....................................... .............. .......... .......................
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ 79................................... .............. ..................................... ........ ......
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ:
ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ HR-538
PFD
PP&ID
ESD Diagram
3
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ٬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ
ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﻗﺮﻥ ﻧﻮﺯﺩﻩ ﻣﻴﻼﺩﯼ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﺯ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ٬ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ
ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺶ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﻣﻮ ﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﺯ٬
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ .ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ
ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺫﻏﺎﻝ ﺳﻨﮓ ٬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪ.
ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍ ﺭﺩﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺷﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺣﮑﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ .ﺑﺪﻳﻦ
ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﻪ " ﺍﮔﺮ ﻳﮏ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺘﺮﯼ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺩﺭ
ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ٬ﻫﻤﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺣﺘﯽ ﻳﮏ ﻗﻄﺮﮤ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﺮﺳﺪ" .ﺑﺮ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﯼ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﮎ ﺑﻮﺩ ٬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺮﺧﻼﻑ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ٬ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﯼ
ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻳﻨﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺮﺧﻼﻑ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﺸﯽ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺳﻪ ﻧﻔﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺘﻤﻮﻝ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ٬ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ
ﺳﻮﺯ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻨﯽ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ٬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ
ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻨﯽ ٬ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ٬ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ
ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻧﺎﻳﺎﺏ ﺷﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺮﺵ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻭﺣﺘﯽ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ
ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺘﺮﻋﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ
F. Ketteringﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺳﻌﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺵ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﺎﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﮐﻮﺑﺶ) (Knockﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ
ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﺳﺮﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﻭ ﺳﻮﭘﺎﭖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ
ﻫﺎ ٬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻓﺮﺽ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﺳﺮﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﻭ ﺳﻮﭘﺎﭖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻟﺬﺍ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺎﻟﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺩﻫﯽ ﻭ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ
ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻌﯽ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺎ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺎﻟﻴﮏ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ
ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ TELﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﺳﺮﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭﻭ ﺳﻮﭘﺎﭖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺟﺪﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﺮﮎ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ
ﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪ.
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﻳﮏ ﮐﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ Cooperation Fuel Research committeeﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ
ﺷﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻳﮏ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﮑﺮﻭﻓﻦ ﻭ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ
CFRﻣﻌﺮﻑ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩ ﺭﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ
ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ٬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﮐﻮﺑﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻗﻄﺮﺍﺕ
ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻣﯽ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻨﺪ ٬ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﮐﻮﺑﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ
ﺭﺑﻄﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻤﻴﺘﻪ ٬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ
ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮏ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﺯ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﻊ)(Spark ignition engine
4
ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ .ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﮐﺘﺎﻥ ) Research Octane Number, RONﮐﻪ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ Researchﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ
ﮐﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮏ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮ ﮐﻤﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﮐﻮﺑﺶ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ
ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ .ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﺍﮐﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ۱۰۰ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻫﭙﺘﺎﻥ
ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﺪ .ﻣﻮﺍﺩﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ
ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻗ ﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ۸۷ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ
ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻃﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﺍﮐﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻫﭙﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ۸۷ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﺍﮐﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ۲۳ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻫﭙﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﺯ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﻳﻞ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ
ﺟﻨﮓ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺍﻭﻝ ٬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﺸﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ
ﺷﺪﻥ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﮐﺘﺎﻥ ٬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﮥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ
ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ.
ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ ٬ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﯽ ) (Thermal reformingﺑﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ
ﺑﻌﻀﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻠﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﻻ ٬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺁﺭﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ
ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﮐﻢ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﺑﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﺸﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ٬ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ Catalytic Cracking
ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺵ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ
ﺍﺯ ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺧﻼء ٬ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺿﻤﻦ
ﺷﮑﺴﺘ ﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﻬﺎﯼ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟ ﻬﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺗﺮ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﯼ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ .ﻗﺎﺑﻞ
ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﮑﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻭﺳﻴﻊ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ
ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﯽ ٬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ
ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﮐﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻮﺩﺗﺎﯼ ۲۸ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﻠﻄﻪ
ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﺴﺮﺳﻴﻮﻡ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﻔﺘﯽ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﮑﺎﺋﯽ ﻳﮏ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﺖ ﮐﺮﺍﮐﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ
ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﺑﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺩﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪ ﺁﻧﻘﺪﺭ ﻧﺎﻳﺎﺏ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ
ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺵ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ٬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﺪ ٬ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﺧﻮﺍﻧﻬﺎﯼ
ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ٬ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ
ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﺧﻮﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﮏ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺫﻭﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺷﭙﺰﺧﺎﻧﻪ
ﺑﻪ ﺷﻮﻫﺮﺵ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺮﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮏ ﺍﻗﺰﻭ ﺩﻧﯽ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ
ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﮐﺮﻩ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺷﺪ.
ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﯼ ﻣﻮ ﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﺯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺗﺮﺍﮐﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ
ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺷﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴ ﺴﺘﯽ ﭘﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ
ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ .ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ
ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﺰﻥ ٬ﺗﻮﻟﻮﺋﻦ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻠﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻮﻻ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻳﮏ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ
ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﯽ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻣ ﻮﻟﮑﻮﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻧﻔﺘ ﻨﯽ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻓﻴﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﮐﻪ
ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﮐﻤﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﺰﻥ ٬ﺗﻮﻟﻮﺋﻦ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻠﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ
ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﺎﻻﺋﯽ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ ,ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﯽ BTXﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ
ﺍﻭﻝ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﯽ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
5
ﻳﮑﯽ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ٬ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﮑﻴﻼﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻝ ﺑﻮﺗﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﺑﻮﺗﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ ﻭ ﻳﮏ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻝ ﻫﺸﺖ ﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﮑﻴﻠﻴﺖ
ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺰﺍء ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺮ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ٬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺏ ﺩﺍﺭ
ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﯽ ,ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ,ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﻭ ﺍﻟﮑﻴﻼﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ
ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ.
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺮ ﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻟﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺴﻴﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺩﻫﻪ ۶۰ﻣﻴﻼﺩﯼ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ
ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻫﺎﻳﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻬﺎﯼ ﻧﻔﺘﯽ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺩﻫﻪ ۶۰ﻭ ﺩﻫﻬﻪ ۷۰ﻣﻴﻼﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ٬
ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺨﺮﺏ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﯽ ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ٬ﺭﻓﺘﻪ
ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﯼ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻧﺪ ,ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ
ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﯼ ﺗﺮ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ٬ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺨﺮﺏ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﯽ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ.
ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺏ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺳﻮء
ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺏ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﻃﯽ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺳﻪ ﺩﻫﻪ ﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﮐﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺬﻑ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻧﺪ .ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ٬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺏ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ ٬ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ
ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍ ﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ
ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﮔ ﺰﻭﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻬﻴﺎ ﺷﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻟﻬﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ.
ﺣﺬﻑ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ,ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ .ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﮐﺎﻧﺪﻳﺪﺍﯼ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺷﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻧﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ
ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺷﺪ .ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺳﻴﻊ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ
ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺍﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ MTBEﺑﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ۱۹۷۴ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ
ﺍﺟﺰﺍء ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ .ﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﮑﻞ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﮑﻞ
ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻴﮏ ) ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺯﻳﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﮑﺎﯼ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ( ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺟﺰﺍء ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ .ﺩﺭ
ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍ ﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﮑﻞ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻴﮏ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ E25,E10ﻭ E85
) ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺪ ﺍﻟﮑﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ( ﺑ ﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﮑﺎ
ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺍﺭ ٬ﮔﺎﺯ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﯼ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﮔﺰﻭﺯ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ
ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ) (NOxﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻀﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﮐﺒﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﻭ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﮔﺰﻭﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ ٬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﮐﺒﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ
ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ MTBEﻭ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻳﺎ
ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 2.7%ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ MTBEﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﺮﺏ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺁﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺯﻳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﯽ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻭ
ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﺎﻟﻴﻔﺮﻧﻴﺎ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﮑﺎ ٬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
6
ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺍﻭﺯﻭﻥ):(OZONE
ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻭﺯﻭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﭘﺮ ﺗﺮﺩﺩ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺟﺰﺍء ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ
ﺑﺪﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻳﮏ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎﯼ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﺍﯼ -ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ
ﺑﻨﺰﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﺴﻮﺧﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﮔﺰﻭﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﮎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻫﺎ
ﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ) (Noxﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣ ﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ
ﻣﺎﻭﺭﺍء ﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ -ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺳﻮء ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ٬
ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﮏ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ
ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﺪ .ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ ٬ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﻨﺰﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﺯﺍ
ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ٬ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ
ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ
ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺷﺪ.
ﻳﮑﯽ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﺖ ﮐﺮﺍﮐﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻏﻴﺮ
ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﮑﺎﻝ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﺯﺍ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﯽ ٬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ
ﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪ ٬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ
ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺰﺍء ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺩﻫﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﺎﺩ
ﻣﻴﻼﺩﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻻﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ) (Reformulated Gasolineﻳﺎ RFG
ﺩﺭﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪ.
ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺰﺍء ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ٬
ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺵ C5-C6ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺵ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ
ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۷۰-۶۵ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ﻭﺍﺵ ﻭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ
ﻣﯽ ﺷ ﻮﺩ ٬ﻭﻟﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺵ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 15-20ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺭﻭﺷﯽ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻭ ﮐﻢ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻧﻪ ٬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ٬ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ
) ( Hydrotreatmentﻋﺎﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻤﻮﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ
ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ.
ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﭽﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ٬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ.
7
ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ Hydrotreatment
ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ Hydrotreatmentﻳﮏ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﯼ Hydroprocessingﻭ
Hydrocrackingﻭ Hydrodesulphurizationﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﻭﻟﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
٬ Hydrotreaterﻭﺍﺣﺪﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﺁﻥ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ٬
ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺁﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ) ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺑﺮﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺎﮐﺲ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ(.
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ٬ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ
ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﻣﻀﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ٬ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ٬
ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ٬ﻫﺎﻟﻮﮊﻧﻬﺎ ٬ﺁﺭﺳﻨﻴﮏ ﻭ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ٬ﺳﺮﺏ ...٬ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮ ﺑﻨﯽ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺵ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۳۰ﻧﻮﻉ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ
ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ٬ﻭﻟﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﯼ ﮐﻠﯽ ﻫﻤﮕﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﮑﻞ ۱ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻏﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﺨﻠ ﻮﻁ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﻴﻨﮏ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ) (yieldﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ٬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺩﻣﺎ
ﺯﻳﺮ 400o Cﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ.
ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻏﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺰ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ٬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ
ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮﯼ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ٬ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ H2S,NH3,H2oﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ٬ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﻗﯽ
ﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ.
ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻏﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ
ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻭ H2Sﺁﻥ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ:
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺁﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ.
ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻢ )ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﺎ( ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﮐﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﯽ
ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺧﻠﻞ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺝ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ٬ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺘﺨﻠﻞ ٬ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۲۰۵ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺩﺭﻫﺮ
ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﺎﯼ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺨﻠﺨﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﮔﺎﻣﺎ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻓﻠﺰ ﻣﻮﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﮑﻞ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺍﺯ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺗﻨﮕﺴﺘﻦ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻧﺎﺩﻳﻮﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻭﻟﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ٬
ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ -ﻣﻮﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻴﮑﻞ -ﻣﻮﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﻮﻡ ﺭﻭﯼ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ٬ﺑﻪ
ﺭﺍﺣﺘﯽ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ ٬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺗﺮﯼ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ.
ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ٬ﺣﺬﻑ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ
ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ -ﻧﻴﮑﻞ ﺭﻭﯼ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﺣﺬﻑ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻣﺸﮑﻠﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ
ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﮔﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ
ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﮐﻢ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﻮﻡ ٬ﺑﻪ
ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯼ ٬ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﯼ ﺗﺮ
ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﻱ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﻴﻜﻞ
ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪ) ﺭﺟﻮﻉ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ .(۱
ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴ ﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ
ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻧﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ٬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ
ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ٬ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﻳﺪﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻋ ﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻳﻌﻨﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺩﺭ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻫﺎﯼ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء)ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ
ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﻳﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ( ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﻳﺪﻩ
ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﺕ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑﯽ ﻭ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﻴﮑﯽ ٬ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑﯽ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ)ﺩﺭ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺩﻣﺎﺋﯽ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﯼ ﺳﺨﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ( ٬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
1. Catalyst Activity
2. Catalyst Selectivity
3. Catalyst Stability
Activity
ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﻭ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ٬ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ
ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ.
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Selectivity
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎﯼ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠ ﻮﺏ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ٬ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﻴﻨﮓ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﻧﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ٬
ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ Selectivityﺑﻬﺘﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
Stability
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﯼ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ
) (Activity and Selectivityﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﮐﮏ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﻮﺷﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﮔﺮﯼ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﻴﻨﮓ
ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﮐﮏ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ
ﺩﺭﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎ
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ .ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍء ﻳﮏ
ﮐﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻮﻕ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ
Activity and selectivityﺑﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ Hydrogenolysisﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎﯼ C-Sﻭ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ
Selectivityﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﻴﻨﮓ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ C-Cﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ
ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ) (Yieldﻭ ﮐﮏ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ
ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻧﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺁﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ
ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
1. Desulfurization:
a. Mercaptans: RSH+ H 2 RH+H2S
b. Sulfides: RSR+2H 2 2RH+H2S
c. Disulfides: RSSR+3H 2 2RH+2H 2S
d. Thiophen:
3. Deoxidation:
a. Phenol: C 6H5OH + H 2 C6H 6 + H 20
b. Peroxides: C 7H13OOH + 3H2 C7H16 + 2H2O
4. Dehalogenation:
Chlorides: RCl + H 2O RH+ HCl
5. Hydrogenation:
Pentene: C 5H10 + H2 C5H12
ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺗﺮ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﺮ
ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ .ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻓﻴﻨﯽ ٬ﻧﻔﺘﻨﻴﮑﯽ ﻭ ﺁﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ
ﺳﺨﺘﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎﯼ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺯﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺩﻳﺎﺑﺎﺗﻴﮏ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۳۱۰ oC ﺩﺭﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺁﻝ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ
ﻋﺎﻳﻘﮑﺎﺭﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﻳﯽ
ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺯﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ) ( Recombination Reaction
ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺸﺪﺕ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺯﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ H2S ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ (Alkene ) ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺩﺭ
ﮔﺮﻭﻩ Alkene ﻫﺎ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺷﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ .ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺭﺕ
ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ٬ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﯼ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ
ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﻳﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺗﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮﻭﭘﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ٬ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ
ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺯﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ٬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺭﺥ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ .
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ﻧﻘﺎﻃﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ /ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ) .(E-1801ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﺗﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ
ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺷﺎﻧﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﻴﻨﮓ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﻴﻨﮓ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ Alkene ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺯ
ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ) H2S ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ
ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ( ٬ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .
ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ
ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ)ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ( ﻭ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ :ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ
) ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ( ﻭ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ) ﮐﮏ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﻭ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﻴﻨﮓ( ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﯼ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﺴﻴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻭﻟﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﯽ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻫﺮ 1000 Bbl/Hr. ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۱۲ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ
ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳ ﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ :ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ.
mole H2
H2 PP = P total×
mole (Feed +H2)
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﯽ ﮐﺎﺭ ٬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﯽ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ٬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .
Recycle Gas Rate (SCFD) × H2 Purity (%) SCF
Feed rate BPD BBL
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ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﯼ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﯽ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﮐﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ
ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﮐﻠﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﯽ
ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ
ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﮏ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻴﺪﻭﺭﮊﻥ
) ٬ (H2 Make upﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺮﺩ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ
ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ ٬ﻭﻟﯽ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ
ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﮏ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ٬ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ.
ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ :ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ
ﻳﮏ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺮﻣﯽ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
= )Liquid Hourly Space Velocity (LHSV )Hourly Feed rate @ 15 o C (M3/Hr. Hr-1
Total catalyst volume M 3
= )Weight Hourly Space Velocity (WHSV )Weight of Feed per Hour (Kg/Hr Hr-1
)Weight of catalyst (Kg
ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻋﮑﺲ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﮔﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ) ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ( ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎ ٬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﮏ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ :ﻳﮑ ﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ٬ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮏ ﺍﻫﺮﻡ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﯽ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﮐﻴﻔﯽ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻣﯽ
ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ FBP ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ٬ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﯽ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
14
ﺷﺪﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ) :(Severity of operation
ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ Severity of operation ﺭﺍ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ
ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺭﻭﻳﮑﺮﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﮐﻤﯽ
ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮐﻴﻔﯽ ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺮﺩ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﺑﺎ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ٬ﺑﻪ
ﺷﺪﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘ ﯽ ٬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﺭﺍ
ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻭﻟﯽ
ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ :
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻔﻴﻨﯽ
ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ :
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ EOR ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﯼ
ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ٬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ٬ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺷﺪﺕ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺷﺮﺡ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﮏ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﺴﻤﻮﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺁﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺳﻤﻮﻡ
ﻣﻮﻗﺖ ﻭ ﺳﻤﻮﻡ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ:
ﺳﻤﻮﻡ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ :ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ٬ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ٬ﻫﺎﻟﻮﮊﻥ ﻫﺎ
ﺳﻤﻮﻡ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ :ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ٬ﺁﺭﺳﻨﻴﮏ...٬
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮏ ﺳﭙﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺘﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺳﻤﻮﻡ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻤﻮﻡ
ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﺴﻤﻮﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ٬
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺳﻤﻮﻡ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮏ ﻓﻴﻠﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺘﯽ ﻓﺪﺍ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﻞ
ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻢ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻤﻮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻻﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ٬ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ
ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۳۰-۱۰۰ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻻﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
) (Top Offﻭ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﺩﻭ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ
ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻢ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ
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ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ
ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 20 ppmﻭ) 1400ppmﺷﺎﻣﻞ 1100 ppmﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ( ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ 0.5 ppmﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ Axensﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﯼ HR-538
ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﯼ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﻧﻴﮑﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﻮﻡ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﯽ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻭ
ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ.
ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ ۱۸۰۰۰ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺎ Turn down Ratio
ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ 50% ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ :
۱۰۰۰۰ .۱ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ LSRG
۵۰۰۰ .۲ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﻨﺘﺎﻥ
۳۰۰۰ .۳ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺮﺵ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﺮ
ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ.
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ:
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 3.5 bargﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ
ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﻳﮏ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺍﻓﻘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ V-1801ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻨﺜﯽ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ
ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﻗﻮﭺ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ
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ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺁﻥ ٬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺑ ﻴﺴﺖ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ
ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺘﻀﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ
ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻌﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ
ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻋﮑﺲ ٬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻌﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ
ﺧﻼء ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ٬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ.
ﻫﺮﺩﻭ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﮎ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﮐﻨﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﻭ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺧﻄ ﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ ٬ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
Fuel Gas blanketingﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ Split Rang Pressure controllerﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ
ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ٬ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻭﻝ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ
ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺑﻪ
ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻴﮑﻨﺪ .ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻭ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﻭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ
ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ .ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 1.5
bargﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮏ Bootﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘﻦ ﺁﺏ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﻬﺒ ﻮﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺁﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺗﻮﺭﯼ
Demister Padﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐﻢ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺁﺏ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ Boot ٬ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ
ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻌﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ Bootﺁﺏ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ
ﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺁﺏ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮ ﺍﯼ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﺏ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ Bootﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮏ
ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻇﺮﻑ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ
ﺩﺭ ٬Bootﺁﻻﺭﻡ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﻪ
ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳ ﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
P-1801 A,Bﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ
ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ٬ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ
ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۱۲۳٫۲ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﮑﻌﺐ
ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ 38.8 Barﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ
ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺩﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻇﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺗﺶ
ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ
ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ).(UV-003, UV-010
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ
E-1801A~Eﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻏﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ C-1801A/Bﻣﯽ ﺁﻳﺪ ٬ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯﯼ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801A~E
17
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ
ﮔﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 226 oCﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ.
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ
ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ Natural Draftﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ Fuel Gas
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
TIC-018ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ
ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ٬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ.
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﮏ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫ ﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ.
o
Start Of Run Temp., (S.O.R) = 280 C
ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ٬ 340 oCﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ٬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ R-1801ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﯼ
ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
) (Down flow Reactorﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ
HR-538ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ۱٫۲ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺩﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺠﯽ ﺳﻪ ﻟﺒﻪ ﺍﻳﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﭘﺨﺶ
ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ٬ﺭﻭﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺩ ﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﮏ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﭘﺨﺶ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ
) (Inlet Distributor nozzleﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻩ
ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻼ ﻃﻢ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ
ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭ ﻻﻳﻪ ﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻻﻳﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻗﻄﺮ ”¼
ﻭ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺋﯽ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻗﻄﺮ ”¾ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻻﻳﻪ 150 mmﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺼﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺯﻧﮓ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ٬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺸﺴ ﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﺩﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﯼ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﺸﺒﮏ
) (Basketﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ٬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ
ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
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ﺷﮑﻞ ﺷﻤﺎﺗﻴﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
Distributor Nozzle
ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ”¾
ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ”¼
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ
Trash Basket
ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ”¼
ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ”¾
Outlet Basket
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺩﻭ ﻻﻳﻪ
ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮑﯽ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻻﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ”¼ ﻭ ﻻﻳﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ
”¾ .ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻻﻳﻪ ۱۵۰ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻳﮏ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ
ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801A~Eﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ
ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ) (Tube sideﺑﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ) ( Shell sideﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ
ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻮﺍﺋﯽ E-1802ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
H2S H2O,NH3,HClﮐﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ
ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺧﻨﮏ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ٬E-1802ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
ﻧﻴﺰ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﻌﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺳﻴﺪﯼ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﯼ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻤﮏ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ
ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ٬ﻳﮏ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺳﻮﺏ ﻧﻤﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ٬E-1802ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮐﻪ
ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻴﻌﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801A,Bﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ٬ﻳﮏ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﺏ
ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ B,Cﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 56oCﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ
ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﺑﯽ E-1803ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ٬ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺏ ﺧﻨﮏ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ
38oCﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﮏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻪ ﻓﺎﺯﯼ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺟﺪﺍ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ V-1802ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
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ﻇﺮﻑ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻳﮏ Flash Drumﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺳﻪ ﻓﺎﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ٬ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺁﺑﯽ ﺍﺯ
ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
.۱ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯﯼ :
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ٬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻏﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﮔﺎﺯ H2S
ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ C-1801A/B ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻭ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1803
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﮐﻪ Knock out Drum ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ Mesh ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ Mesh ﻭ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻗﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ٬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ
ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ C-1801A/B ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭﻫﺎ ٬ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪ ٬
ﺑﺎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﮏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ Recycle ﺩﺭ
Reaction Sectionﺟ ﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﮐﻤ ﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺭﻓﺖ ﻭ
ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﮏ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻭ ﻳﮏ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ
ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ( Stand by ) ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ٬ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ
ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ H2S ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﮔﺎﺯ H2Sﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
FV-003ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-003 ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﮔﺎﺯ H2S ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ
ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺧﻠﻮﺹ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .
ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ
ﺣﻔﻆ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺧﻠﻮﺹ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
Reaction Sectionﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ
ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺑﻪ Reaction Section ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ
ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ Hydrogen make up ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ
ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﻫﺎﯼ C-1802A/B ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺭﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ
ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﯽ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ 35.5 Barg ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PV-007 ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PIC-007 ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺿﻤﻦ
ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺧﻠﻮﺹ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ Reaction section ﻧﻴﺰ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 25 Barg ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
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.۲ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺮﺵ:
ﺁﺏ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801,1802 ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺁﺏ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻭ ﺩﺭ Boot ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ٬ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺁﺏ
ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﻭﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ Boot ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ P-1802A/B ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ
ﺍﻣﻼﺡ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ H2S ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺁﺏ ﻭ
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﻣﻼﺡ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺁﺏ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺏ
ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ٬ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﺒﮏ
ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺁﺏ ( Steam Stripping ) ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ٬V-1809 ﺍﺯ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ
ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﺒﮏ (Non-condensable ) ﻋﺎﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ
P-1803A/Bﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ
ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ
ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ (FI-016) ﮐﻪ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1809 ﺑﺮ
ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﻳﮏ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LV-005 ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
LIC-005ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮﺩ ٬ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .
ﺁﺏ ﺗﺮﺵ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ٬ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺮﺵ ﺍﺯ ﻃ ﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LV-002A ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ
LIC-002ﮐﻪ ﺭﻭﯼ Boot ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺕ ﻣﯽ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ .
ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ P-1802A/B
ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 10% ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ٬ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﮐﻪ
ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ P-1803A/B ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 5% ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
.۳ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ :
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻑ ٬ V-1802ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ Flashﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ ٬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﺒﮏ
ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ H2Sﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍﯼ V-1805ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ
ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ۳۷ﻋﺪﺩ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ Valve Trayﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ:
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ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﯽ
E-1804ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ) Sulfur guardﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻧﻬﺎﺋ ﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ( ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ
E-1805ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻨﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺑﺎ
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 115 oCﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ 15.9 Bargﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﻴﺮ FV-005ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﺤﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۲۸ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-005ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-012ﻭ FIC-005ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
Cascadeﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ Masterﻭ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ Slaveﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﺯﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ
) (Resetﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳﮏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻳﮑﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﺝ
ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩ ﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺟﺪﺍ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺩﺭ
ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺎ ﮐ ﻮﭼﮑﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ Reaction Sectionﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻪ
ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ) (Surgeﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ
ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 10
Bargﺑﻴﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺟﺪﺍ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ V-1802ﻭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍﯼ V-1805ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ
ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺟﺪﺍ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻻﺭﻡ
ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ ٬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺟﺪﺍ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ٬ﮔﺎﺯ
ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ
ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 10 Bargﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻣﻨﺒﺴﻂ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ
ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﻫﺎ ﻭ
ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ
ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ.
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ
ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ:
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﮔﺎﺯ H2Sﻭ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ
ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ٬ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﺎﻃﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺷﺒﻨﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ) ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ( ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺿﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ
ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻳﮏ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑ ﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ
23
ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑ ﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺿﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻠﻀﺖ
10%ﺭﻗﻴﻖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠ ﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ
ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺿﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﺍ ٬ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ٬ V-1813ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ) .(Inert Blanketingﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﮐﻢ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺪﺕ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ ٬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ) (P-1806A/Bﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ
ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ 10%ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺿﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ
4 Lit/Hr.ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۲ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﯽ:(Reboiler )
ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﯽ
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺳﻴﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﺼﺎﻋﺪ
ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻋﺎﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﯽ
ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ٬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮏ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .
ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ P-1805A/B ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ) ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ( ٬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1802
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ٬ﺩﺭﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺯﻳﺮ
ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۱ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ
ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ٬ﻫﺮ ﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ
ﻳﮏ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-008 ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-008
ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ .ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑ ﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ
ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-007 ﺩﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ٬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TI-047 ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۲۰ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﮐﯽ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .
ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯼ ﻧﻬﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐﻢ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
Sensible Heatﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻧﺪﮎ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ٬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﻣﺎﻳﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﮐﻮﭘﻞ
ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ
ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .
ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﮏ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻠﻴﺪ ٬ SS-007 ﺗﺮﻣﻮﮐﻮﭘﻞ) TI-048 ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺩﺭ
ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ( ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﮐﻮﭘﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۲۰ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1802 ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ Natural Draft ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ Fuel Oil ﻭ
Fuel Gasﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .
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ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺩﺭ
ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ٬ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻳﺪﮐﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ
ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 169 oC ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ
ﺩﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 173 oC ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .
ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ
ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ E-1805ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 155 oC
ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ
ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ
ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1804ﮐﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ H2Sﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ٬
ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ٬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ
ﻣﺒﺪﻝ E-1804ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﺎ
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 100 oCﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ 13.6 Bargﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LIC-019ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ FIC-009ﺑﻪ
ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ Cascade Controlﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ LIC-019
ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ Masterﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ FIC-009ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ Slaveﻋﻤﻞ
ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ.
ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻌﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ٬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ
ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ٬
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ
ﮐﻮﻟﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺧﻨﮏ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ:
ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-006ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-011ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-009ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-009ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-011ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺝ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﯽ E-1809ﻭ ﮐﻮﻟﺮ ﺁﺑﯽ E-1810ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-011ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ
ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ٬ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ
ﻧﮑﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺮﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ:
ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﯼ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ) (DCSﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻔﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ٬
ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ
ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﯽ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ
ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻧﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ٬ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ
ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﻐ ﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﯽ ٬ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ٬ﻫﻔﺘﮕﯽ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻧﻪ
ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ
ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ
ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ٬
ﻏﻠﻀﺖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ٬ Reaction sectionﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ
ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ
ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺗ ﺼﺤﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ٬ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ.
ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﮐﺮﻭﻣﺎﺗﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﯽ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ
ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺲ ﺟﺮﻣﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺲ ﺟﺮﻣﯽ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﻭ
ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ) (Operation Manualﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ.
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ Pre-commissioning
ﻭ commissioningﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ:
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ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﯽ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ) :(Hydrogen sweep
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻼء ﺳﺎﺯﯼ Reaction Sectionﻭ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ
ﺧﻼء ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑ ﺎ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۱ﺍﺯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻭ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ
ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ Fuel gas ٬Flare ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﺑﺎ ﺁﻣﻴﻦ ٬ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺮﺵ ٬ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۴ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801,02 ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ (Minimum flow ) ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۵ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1803 ﺩﺭ
ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
.۶ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1803 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۷ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ Reaction Section ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﺻﺪﻣﻪ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻴ ﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﻼء ٬ﺩﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﻼء ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ
ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻼء ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ٬ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺧﻼء ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۸ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﮑﻨﺪﻩ ٬ EJ-1851 ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ Reaction Section ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﻪ 0.20 Barg ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۹ﻣﮑﻨﺪﻩ EJ-1851 ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۰ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ ﺧﻼء :
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﺍﻳﯽ
ﻧﻤﯽ ﺯﻧﺪ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺧﻼء ﻭ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻩ
ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ.
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ 60%ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
)ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ( V-1801ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ Start up line
) (Reaction Section by pass lineﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ٬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﺑﺎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﺍﺳﺖ.
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ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭ Reaction section ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻗﺴﻤﺖ 25 Bar g ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭼﮏ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ٬ﺻﻔﺤ ﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ .
ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﺍﺳﺖ .
Reaction Section ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
Reaction section ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯ ﺩﺍ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ.
. ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ
ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﻇﺮﻑ (Sulfur guard ) V-1804 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ
ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ) .(Sulfur guard by pass
ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ TV-001A,B ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﻭﻟﯽ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
TV-001Aﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ
ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ Vent ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ) ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎ ﻫﻮﺍﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ( .
.۱ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PIC-001 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PV-001 A/B ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ
ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﯽ
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ 1.5 Barg ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۳ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-001 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺿﻤﻦ ﺩﺭ
ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ٬ LV-001 ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ
ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۴ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ
ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
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.۵ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LV-001 ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LIC-001 ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ V-1801 ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ٬ 40% ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ
LIC-001ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۶ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ Boot ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻭ
ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ٬Boot ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۷ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺁﻻﺭﻡ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ V-1801
ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ٬ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ P-1801 A/B ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۲ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ Trim ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
.۴ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-001 ﻭ Block valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ
ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
.۵ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ” 6ﮐﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ” 8ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۶ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-005 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ) FV-005 ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ(
ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 10% ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۷ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻕ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ٬ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ
ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻭ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۸ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-005 ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺘﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﺑﻪ
60%ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ
ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1801 ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ
ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪﺕ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .
ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ
E-1804ﻭ E-1805 ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-005 ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ
ﺳﻴﻨﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۲۸ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۹ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .
ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-006 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ
ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ٬
ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-019 ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-011 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ
ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ Cascade control ﻋﻤﻞ
ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-011 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ By Pass ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-009 ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ٬ 40% ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-011 ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ FV-011
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ٬FV-011 ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ
ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺷﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻭﻟﯽ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ
ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﮑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ E-1805
ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1804
ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ E-1804
ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺷﻴﺮ
) TV-001Aﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ TV-001B ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ( ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ
ﻫﻮﺍﺋﯽ E-1809 ﻭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺁﺑﯽ E-1810 ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ
ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-011 ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ٬ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ
) ( 6” Start up line ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ V-1801 ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺍﮔﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ
ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺩ ٬ﺿﻤﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺆﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ
ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ
50%ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻮﻕ:
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺘﺎﺕ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
60%ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ .ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ
ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
) ٬(…,C3,C2,C1,H2,H2Sﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﻘﺪﻭﺭ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ” 3ﺗﺰﺭﻳ ﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﯽ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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.۱ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PIC-002 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PV-002 ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ Set point ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ
) .(15.7 Barg
.۳ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ٬ H2 ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ C-1802 ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ٬ H2 ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ
ﻃﻮﺭﯼ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ PV-002 ﺩﺭ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ)ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ
ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 5% ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ( .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ٬ﮔﺎﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻪ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺁﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۴ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ P-1805 A/B ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۵ﺷﻴﺮ UV-009 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۶ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-008 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-008 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎ ﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-008 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 10% ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
.۷ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ Trim ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۸ﺿﻤﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻕ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ٬ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺑﺎ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
.۹ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ
ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ
ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
٬ FV-008ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1802 ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺮﺩ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۰ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-007 ﺭﻭﯼ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TIC-048 ﻭ TT-048 ﺩ ﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
.۱۱ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ H-1802 ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺁﺏ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ Purge ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۲ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺷﻤﻌﮏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۳ﺍﮔﺮ Fan ﮐﻮﻟﺮ ﻫﻮﺍﺋﯽ E-1809 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۴ﺍﮔﺮ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺁﺏ ﮐﻮﻟﺮ E-1810 ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ Vent
ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺁﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﻟﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۱۵ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪﻩ E-1806 ﻭ ﮐﻮﻟﺮ ﺁﺑﯽ E-1807 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
.۱۶ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ P-1804 A/B ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﯽ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
.۱۷ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-020 ﻭ FIC-006 ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ Cascade ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ ٬ﺑﻪ
ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-006 ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LIC-020 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺯ) ( 10% openingﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
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.۱۸ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TIC-048 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ
ﻳﮏ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺁﻻﺭﻡ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ
ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۹ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ
ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺸﻮﺩ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TIC-0048 ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ) ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﯽ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 170 oC ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ( .
.۲۰ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۲۱ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍً ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806 ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﻪ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
.۲۲ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ
ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ Trim ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ
P-1804 A/Bﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲۳ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ ٬ V-1806 ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 40% ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ
ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮ ﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻭ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-006 ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ٬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ
ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806 ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ
ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻭ ﻳﮑﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ٬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-020
ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-006 ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ
ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806 ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-007 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-007 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806 ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۲۴ﺗ ﺠﻤﻊ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ Boot ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806 ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ٬ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺁﺏ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۲۵ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ٬ H2S ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺿﺪ
ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
Reaction section
ﺍ ﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻭ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
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ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ:
ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩ ﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ
ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1804,1805 ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ
ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻭ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﺑﻪ
ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1809,1810 ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-011 ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ 60% ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ.
ﺑﺮﺝ (Sulfur Guard ) V-1804 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ By pass ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪ ٬ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﻳﺪ
ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﻭﻟﯽ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ٬ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ
ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﯽ ﮐ ﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ ٬ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ٬ﺩﺭ
ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ
) ٬(Metal sinteringﺭﺥ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﻧﺰﺩ ﻳﮏ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﮑﻞ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ
ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮐﻠﻮﺧﻪ ﺍﻳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ) (Catalyst Agglomerationﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﮐﻠﻮﺧﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ٬
ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ
ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ
ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ DMS,DMDSﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻫﺎﯼ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
:Wet Catalyst Sulfiding ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ
ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ
ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ Wetﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ 180 oCﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ DMDSﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ
ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺯﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ 12-13ﺳﺎﻋﺖ
ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ (max. ∆T=30 oC) 30oCﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ DMDSﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ
ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ:
The total amount of DMDS required by stoichiometry is: 0.12Kg/Kg of catalyst
Total amount of catalyst is: 20,000 Kg
So the amount of DMDS required is: 2400 Kg ~ 2300 lit.
ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ۱۳٫۵
ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ DMDSﺳﺎﻋﺘﯽ ۱۷۰ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 1100 ppmﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎ 60%ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺩﺭ
ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻧﻴﻤﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ٬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎ ﻥ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ
ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ٬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ
V-1801ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺧﺘﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ
ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ٬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ
ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺮﮐﺎﭘﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺑﻴ ﺸﺘﺮﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭼﮏ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ Reaction section ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .
ﺍﺯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ DMDS ﺑﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
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ﻣﺨﺰﻥ V-1814 ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ DMDS ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ 2700 mm ﭘﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻮﯼ
ﻧﺎﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ٬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﭘﺮﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ٬ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳﮏ ﺗﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ.
.۴ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-001 ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ
ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ٬ﻣ ﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ 10% ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ
ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801 ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ
ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801 ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801 ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ
ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻮﺍﺋﯽE-1802 ﻭ ﮐﻮﻟﺮ ﺁﺑﯽ , E-1803 ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۵ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ Reaction sectin ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ٬ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﻭ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ
ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﻟﺬﺍ
ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ
ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1801 ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ
ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ V-1802, V-1801 ﻭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۶ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﻪ 40% ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ
ﻇﺮﻑ ٬ V-1802 ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ
ﺷﻮﺩ) ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ( .ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ
ﻭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ 6” ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ) (Start up ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ
ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-005 ﻭ FV-001 ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺑﻄﻮﺭﯼ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ 60% ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ 40% ﺣﻔﻆ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﻐﻴ ﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻫﺮ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ
ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 10% ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
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ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ :
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ
ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻣ ﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺭﻭﯼ 60% ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ
ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801 ﺩﺭﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۷ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ٬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۸ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺁﺏ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ Purge ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801 ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۹ﺷﻤﻌﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۰ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ TIC-018 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۱۱ﻳﮏ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ
ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 30 oC/Hr ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ 180 oC ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۲ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺿﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ٬
ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۶ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ
ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ H2S ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ
ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ٬ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ H2S ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐ ﺘﻮﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ
) ٬(H2S Breakthroughﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ H2S ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺗﻠﻘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۷ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ
) (SOR=280 oCﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 30 oC/Hr ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍء ﻫﺮ 10% ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬
2-3 oCﺍﺯ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ) .(R/A in temp.=270 oCﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﮐﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۸ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ
ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ 270 oCﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ
ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﻇﺮﻑ (Sulfur Guard ) V-1804 ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ
ﺁﻥ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ
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ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ V-1801 ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ٬ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺩﺭ:Reactin section
.aﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺗﺎ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ V-1809 ﺑﺎﺯ
ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
.bﺳﻴﻤﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ PIC-003 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﺘﺮﻝ PV-003 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 5% ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.cﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ LPS ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ V-1809 ﺑﻪ
ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ Steam Hammering
ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ
ﮔﺮﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ٬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ PIC-003
ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ
ﺁﺏ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ Vent ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.dﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LIC-005 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LV-005 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ
ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LV-005 ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺁﺏ
ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ٬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIV-005 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.eﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ P-1803A/B ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ Trim ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺩﺭ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.fﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﺑﻪ ٬ 40% ﻳ ﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ P-1803 ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮ
ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ
ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.gﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ٬ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ Boot ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802
ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ P-1802A/B ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ Trim ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ
ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.hﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-004 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-004 ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ
ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.iﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺩﺭ Boot ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ٬ 40% ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ P-1802 ﺩﺭ
ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺎﻓﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ
ﻫﺎ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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.jﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺷﻴﺮﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-004 ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ٬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-004 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ
ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.kﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺮﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍ ﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺮﺵ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺮﺵ ٬ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﺏ ﺗﺮﺵ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
.lﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LIC-002 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ
ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-004 ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ Boot
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LV-02A ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ Boot ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ
ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ٬ 40% ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-002 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ
ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﮔﺎﺯ H2Sﻭ Total Sulfurﺍﺯ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ٬ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ
ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ:
.۱ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-009 ﺭﻭﯼ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TIC-001 ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﺴﻴﺮ
By Passﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ TV-001A ﻗﺒﻼ ﺑ ﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
TV-001Bﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ TIC-001 ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ
ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﯽ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ
ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ
ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۴ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-006 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-009 ﺩﺭ
ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-019 ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ
ﺩﺳﺘ ﯽ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-009 ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﻳﮑﯽ
ﺍﺯ Block Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﻴﺮ FV-011 ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻨﻄﻴﻢ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻭ
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ٬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-019 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ
ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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.۵ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ( start up line) ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
V-1801ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .
Fan .۶ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﻮﺍﺋﯽ E-1809 ﺭﺍ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺁﺏ ﺧﻨﮏ
ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻮﻟﺮ ﺁﺑﯽ E-1810 ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۷ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ) (Star up lineﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ V-1801 ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ 60%ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ٬ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ
ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ:
.۱ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-009 ﺭﻭﯼ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TIC-001 ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﺴﻴﺮ
By Passﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ TV-001A ﻗﺒﻼ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
TV-001Bﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ TIC-001 ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ
ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﯽ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ
ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ
ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﻣ ﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ (Start up line ) ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ V-1801 ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ 10%ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TIC-018ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻫﺮ 10%ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 2-3 oCﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺩﻣﺎ
ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻥ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﺼﻮ ﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ
ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ V-1801ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺩﻣﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﯼ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ٬ﻭ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ H2Sﻭ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ
ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FIC-002ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺗﺮﺵ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻑ
V-1802ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﻳﺎ ﺑ ﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ
.۲ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ
ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ٬ﺑﺎ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ
ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺕ
ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ
ﺧﻄﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻧﻴﺎﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺩﻣﺎ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻧﺒﺴﺎﻁ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻘﺒﺎﺽ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ.
ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻠﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ 60% ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ. Slops
ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ. Reaction Section
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ.
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎ .
ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ.
.۲ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ.
.۳ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ.
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺑﺎ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻣﺪﺕ:
ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ۲۴ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺕ
ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ Pass ٬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ
ﮐﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷ ﻮﺩ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ
Passﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺪﺕ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ
ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ۴ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻪ 60% ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ٬ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ
ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ) .(FIC-001,005,009ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﻄﻮﺭ
ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ FV-005 ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ
ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ ٬ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﻭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍV-1805
ﺩﻗﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ .
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺭﻭﯼ 60% ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻫﺮ 10% ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 2 oC ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ
ﻣﺪﺕ ﻧﻴﻢ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ TIC-018ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۲ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ٬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ
ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ) ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ( .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ:
ﮐﻮﻟﺮﻫﺎﯼ E-1809,1810 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-019 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-009 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﮐﻠﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ SS-006 ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ
ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-011 ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-009 ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ
ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻳﮏ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﺯ Block Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-009
ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ
ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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.۳ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 30 oC/Hr ﻭ ﺗﺎ 180 oC ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۴ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1802 ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ P-1802,1803 ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ٬V-1809 ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
PV-003ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯBlock Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ٬V-1809 ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LV-005 ﻭ
ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Bloc Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ Boot ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LV-002A
ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺩﻭ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ
ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ
ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ Boot ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗ ﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺳﻄﺢ
ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ Boot ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۵ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ٬ 180 oC ﺿﻤﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻕ
ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ٬ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ P-1801 ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-001 ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 30% ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ FV-005 ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ٬ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ
ﻫﺎﯼ Reaction Section ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻇﺮﻑ ٬ V-1802ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺷﻴ ﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-005 ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ
ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 30% ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ
ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯBlock Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-005 ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ٬ 30% ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-011
ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-019 ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ٬ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1809,1810 ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ TIC-047 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-007
ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TIC-048 ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻨﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻠﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﮐﻠﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ SS-003 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
PIC-007ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-037 ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ PV-007
ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 10% ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ .
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.۶ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﻣﺤ ﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ Total Reflux
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806 ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ P-1804
ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ Boot ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806 ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ
LIC-003ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LV-003 ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
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.۶ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ C-1802 ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ
ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
Reaction sectionﺗﺎ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ) .(~ 11 barg
Fan .۷ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﻮﺍﺋﯽ E-1802 ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۸ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺸﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ :
۸٫۱ﺿ ﻤﻦ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 40 oC/Hr ﮐﺎﻫﺶ
ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺗﺎ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1802 ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻤﻌﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻤﻌﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ٬
ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ .
۸٫۲ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ P-1804 ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۸٫۳ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺿﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ٬ﺑﻪ
ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۸٫۴ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻗﻄﻊ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ PIC-002 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PV-002 ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block Valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۸٫۵ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻨﮏ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑ ﺮﻕ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ٬ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ
ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ
ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ FIC-008 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ
ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ FV-008 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ Box up ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ Steam out ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ Reaction Sectionﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ
ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ Reaction sectionﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ
ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ:
.۱ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ
ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ) (Low pointﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭReaction
٬ sectionﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺭ ﺷﻠﻨﮓ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮﯼ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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.۲ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-002 ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ Reaction section ﺑﻪ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻢ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-002 ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ
ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﻗﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۳ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ (PSV-005 ) V-1802 ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ
ﺑﻪ ﮐ ﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ Reaction section ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۴ﺑﺎ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ Reaction Section ﺍﺯ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ
ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ.UV-010
ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ
ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ .ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ .
ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ. FV-002
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ C-1802 ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ.PV-007
ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ PSV ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ
ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ .ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻼء ٬ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ ٬
ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﻼء ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ
ﻭﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ Reaction section
ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
PSV-005 ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﻇﺮﻑ .V-1802
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﺋﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ PSV-009A,B
ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ
ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ PSV-010A,B ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .
.۵ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻣﮑﻨﺪﻩ EJ-1851 ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۶ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﻼء ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﻼء ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺧﻼء
ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۷ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﻨﺪﻩ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﯽ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻪ
ﻣﮑﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ Reaction section ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻼء 0.2 Bara ﻗﺮﺍﺭ
ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺁﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﯽ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﺏ
ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ Hammering ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺁﺏ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ
ﺷﻮﺩ .
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.۸ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺧﻼء ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺎ 1.0 Barg
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۹ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ Reaction section ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۱۰ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻼء ﻭ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻭ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ 0.2 Vol.% ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ
ﻣﺘﺨﻠﺨﻞ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮ ﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻠﻞ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻨﺪﯼ
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ٬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻋﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻼء ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ
ﺁﻥ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﮔﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﺨﻮﺑﯽ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ
ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﺧﻼء ٬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮ ﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ
ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ.
.۱۱ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ Reaction section ﺩﺭ
ﺣﺪ 0.1 Barg ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۲ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ Reaction Section ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .
ﺍﮔﺮ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻳﺪﮐﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﮕﻴﺮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﺎ ﺭﺍﻩ
ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ
ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ:
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ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-037
ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ PV-007 ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 10% ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ Total Reflux ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ٬ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ
ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ
ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ Reflux ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1802 ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭ ﺩﺭ
ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭ
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ:
.۱ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ Reaction section ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ 60% ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۲ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﮐﻠﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ SS-003 ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﺗﺮﺵ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ Reaction section ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ PV-007 ﻭ
FV-002ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
.۴ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ E-1802 ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۵ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۶ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ٬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪﺕ:
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ:
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﻨﮏ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺧﻨﮏ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
Reaction section ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ
ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭ Reaction sectionﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳ ﺎﺱ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ:
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.۱ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ C-1802 ﻓﺸﺎﺭ Reaction section ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ) .(25 Barg
.۲ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
V-1801ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ Reaction section ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﮔﺬﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 60% ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۴ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1802,1803 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
o
.۵ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 30 C/Hr ﻭ ﺗﺎ
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۶ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۷ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ H-1802 ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺗﺎ
170 oCﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۸ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806 ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۹ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ E-1802 ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۰ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ٬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ
ﺯﺩﺍ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ٬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ
ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۱ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ
ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮ ﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻋ ﺪﻡ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ٬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻠﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻫﺮ ﻳﮏ
ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ ٬ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ
ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﯽ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ:
ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﯽ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ
ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻃﻮﺭﯼ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ٬
ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ٬ﺍﺯ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ٬ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻭﻟﯽ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ:
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺮﯼ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺼﺐ
ﻭ ﭼﻴﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ...
ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻔﺎء ﺣﺮﻳﻖ.
ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﺋﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ .
ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﯽ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻭ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻃﻮﺭﯼ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ
ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺮﯼ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ:
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ 700 oC ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺍﺯ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ 700 oC ﺗﺤﺖ ﻫﺮﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﯽ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ
ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 500 oC ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻣﺎ
ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ (Dead Zone ) ﮐﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ) ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ( ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ٬ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﮔﻴﺮ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﮐﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ
ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺋﯽ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺗﺤﺖ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺸﺪﺕ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺯﺍﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﻴﻨﮓ ٬
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﯼ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻳﯽ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ 700 oC ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﮐﮏ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ
ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ agglomeration ﻭ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺯﺍﯼ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﮐﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ) ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ
ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ( ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﮐﻮﺭ ﺑﺸﺪﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ 700 oC ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ.
ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﺥ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ
٬500 oCﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ) .(R/A design temp.=370 oC @ 25 Barg
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ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺷ ﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ
ﻣﯽ ﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ ٬ﻭﻟﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ
ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ٬ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﮑﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ
ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ.
ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﮐﻪ
ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ
ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ٬ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟ ﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ.
ﻗﻄﻊ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ:
ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ٬ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﯼ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ٬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ
ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺯ
ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ
ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۲۰ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺭﺍ
ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﺮﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺯﻳﺮ
ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ:
ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﺯﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ.
ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺳ ﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 30 oC/Hrﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 250 oC
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ ٬ V-1802ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ) (FV-005ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block valveﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ
ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﮐﻪ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block valveﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﻮﻕ
ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﺍ ﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ ٬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-009ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ Cascadeﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
٬FIC-009ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-009ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ
ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ
ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ٬ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ
ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ٬ﺿﻤﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ٬ﺳﻴﺴﺘ ﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-009ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ Cascadeﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-009ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ
ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ
ﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ Total refluxﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ ٬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ C-1802ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ
Reaction sectionﻭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﮐﻠﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ SS-003ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ PIC-007ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-037ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ PV-007
ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 10%ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﻗﻄﻊ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻏﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ:
ﻗﻄﻊ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﻳﺪﮐﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﺪﻥ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﮐﮏ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺑﺸﺪﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ.
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801 ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺯ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ESD ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-001 ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-001 ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block valve ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ
٬ H-1801ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﻣﭙﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ
ﺁﺏ ﺧﻔﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ (Snuffing steam ) ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺍﮐﻴﻨﮓ ﻭ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﮐﮏ ﺭﻭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ
ﻫﺎ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ C-1802 ﺑﻪ ٬Reaction section
ﻳﮏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﻮﺭﯼ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ
ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .
ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ C-1802 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ٬ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻇﺮﻑ ٬ V-1802ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ) (FIC-005ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ
Block valveﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﮐﻪ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮ ﻭ
ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ Block valveﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ
ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-009ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ Cascadeﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-009ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-006ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧ ﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ
ﺑﺎﻻ ﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ Total refluxﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ ٬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﻮﺭﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ C-1802ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺧﻨﮏ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ
ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
Reaction sectionﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﻗﻄﻊ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ:
ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ
ﻋﺪﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻳﺪﮐﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ:
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﺣﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻧﻴﺰ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻣﻘﺪﻭﺭ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﺯ
ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ
ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺍﺳ ﺖ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻄﻴﻢ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ .
.۲ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ:
ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ
ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺎ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ :
ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﯽ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ESD ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻤﻌﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺩﻣﭙﺮ ﺩﻭﺩﮐﺶ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺁﺏ
ﺧﻔﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ESD ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-006 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1809,1810 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﯽ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﻨﺖ (Slops tank ) ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-011 ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ESD ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ UV-009
ﺑﻄﻮﺭﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭ ﻫﻢ
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ٬ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ
ﺑﻄﻮﺭﮐ ﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺮﺝ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ Box upﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻃﻔﺎء ﺣﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ
ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ :
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻳﺪﮐﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﮕﻴﺮﺩ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 30 oC/Hr ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 250 oC ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ESD ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻤﻌﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ٬H-1802 ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ:
ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ٬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ٬
ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﻭ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ) ٬ (Auto-startﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ
ﻳﺪﮐﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻳﺪﮐﯽ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ
ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺁﮔﺎﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ 60% ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1809,1810 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-006 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FIC-009 ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ Cascade ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍ ﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﻭﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-009 ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-011 ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ
ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ 60% ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ٬ﻣﺤ ﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
V-1801ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ) ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ( .ﺍﮔﺮ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﻭ H2S ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ
ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ٬ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬
ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ .
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺭﺍ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1806 ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﻪ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻤﮑ ﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ .
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ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ:
ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﻜﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺷﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ
ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﻜﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻭ ﮐﻮﻟﺮﻫﺎﯼ
ﻫﻮﺍﺋﯽ ﻭ ...ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﻳﺎ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ:
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻨﺪ ﻫﺮ ﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ
ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ H2Sﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ٬ﺣﺎﻭﯼ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﺒﮏ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺎﺩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .ﺍﮔﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ
ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻳﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮ ﻳﻊ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ ٬ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﮑﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ
ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻤﻌﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﺮﺩﻭ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ٬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﻭﺭﯼ ﺁﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺩﺭ ﮐﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻩ
ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ .ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺘﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ٬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺭﻭﺑﺎﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﻤﻊ
ﺁﻭﺭﯼ ﺁﺏ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﻭﺭﯼ ﺁﺏ ﺳﺮﺍﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺭﻭﺑﺎﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﻭﺭﯼ ﺁﺏ
ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻒ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺁﺗﺶ
ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻋﻤﻠ ﻴﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ESD ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮ ﺵ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻤﻌﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﻫﺮﺩﻭ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801,1802 ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ P-1801 ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺍﺯ Reaction section ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ
ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ Reaction section ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ UV-001 ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮﺝ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺯﺩﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ٬ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ
ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺧﻼء ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ
ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ٬ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ٬ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧ ﺸﺎﻧﯽ ٬ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ :H-1801
ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ٬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﺸﻢ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ
ﺭﺅﻳﺖ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﺣﺘ ﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺟﺪﯼ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ) ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ
ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﻳﮏ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ(.
ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺸﺘﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ESD ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ) (I-106ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺘﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ٬ﮐﮏ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺭﺍ
ﻣﯽ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪ .ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﮐﮏ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ
ﺍﮔﺮ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ
ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﮐﮏ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۲۴ﻣﺎﻩ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺸﺪ .ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ )ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﯽ
ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ( ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﮐﮏ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ
ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﮐﮏ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﺗﺎ 340 oCﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻣﺎ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ EORﻳﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﯼ
ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺪ ﺩﻣﺎﻳﯽ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ
ﺑﻪ 340oCﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ
ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎ ﺑﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ
ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ.
ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ FeSﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﯼ ﻣﺸﺘﻌﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻮﻕ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻫﺮﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ
ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﮐﮏ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻳﺎ
ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ٬ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ٬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ.
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ 340oC ﺍ ﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ).(EOR
ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻏﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ
ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﺟﺰء ﺳﻤﻮﻡ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﯽ
ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﻓﻠﺰ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﻭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﻳﮏ ﻻﻳﻪ ﮐﻴﮑﯽ
ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﮑﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻻﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻤﮏ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻻﻳﻪ
ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ) (Top offﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺍﻓﺖ
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻠﺰ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ ٬ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ .ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ
۳۰ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ٬ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻞ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭﯼ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ:
.۱ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ :
ﮐﮏ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﯼ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ CnHnﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 10%ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻡ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﯽ ﺟﺮﻡ
ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ .ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ ﮐﮏ ﺭﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻥ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ:
C + O2 CO2
2H2 + O2 2H2O
.۲ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ:
Ni3S2 + 7/2 O2 3NiO + 2SO2
MoS2 + 7/2 O2 MoO3 + 2SO2
SO2 + 1/2 O2 SO3
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.۳ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻨﺜﯽ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ:
SO3 is neutralized by ammonia injection as follow:
SO3 + 2NH3 (NH4)2SO4
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ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ: LV-02B
ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺭﺳﻮﺏ ﻧﻤﮏ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺸﻴﻤﻨﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ٬ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻤﺮﻭﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ
Flushﺷﺪﻥ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺭﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ (LIC-002) V-1802 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﻧﻤﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FIC-003ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ FV-003ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺭﺍ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ٬ﻳﮏ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﻳﮑﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .ﻭﻟﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﻮﮔﺮﺩ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ
ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ CO2,SO2,SO3ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﻣﻮﻧﻴﺎﮎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ
ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ PHﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ٬ﺭﻭﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﯽ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
ﺍﺛﺮ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺁ ﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ.
ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ:
ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PIC-008ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
FIC-003ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺮﺩﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺑﻪ
ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PV-008ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ
ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﯽ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﻫﻴﭽﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻣﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺷﻮﺩ .
Time Hours
o
R/A In Temp. C
o
R/A OUT Tem. C
o
R/A ∆T C
R.Gas Flow M3/Hr.
Injection Air Flow M3/Hr.
V-1802 Pressure Bar g
R/A IN O2 content %
R/A out O2 content %
Circulating water Flow M/Hr.
Circulating water PH
Circulating Water T.D.S PPM
R/A outlet NH3 wtPPM
R/A outlet SO 3 wtPPM
Vent Gas flow NM3/Hr.
....
....
....
Remarks:
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ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ∆Tﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ:
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ
ﺳﻨﺠﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺁﺩﻳﺎﺑﺎﺗﻴﮏ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻭﻟﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻋﺎﻳﻘﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻧﺸﺖ
ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ
ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍ ﻳﺶ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻮﻕ ٬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺗﻤﻪ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺗﻠﻘﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ٬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ٬ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ∆Tﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻳﮏ
ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
o
C
∆T
0 Hr
Time
ﺷﮑﻞ ﺳﻬﻤﯽ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ)ﺷﮑﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ( ٬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ∆Tﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﮐﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
∆T
Time
ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ٬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻭ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﮐﮏ
ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺳﻬﻤﯽ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﮐﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺣﺘﻤﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ
ﻋﻠﯽ ﺭﻏﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ∆Tﻣﺜﺒﺖ ٬ﻓﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ
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ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﯽ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ٬ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ٬ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۱ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ :
.aﻓﺸﺎﺭ :
ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ Reaction section ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PIC-008 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ PV-008 ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﻭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ
ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬
ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ
ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ
ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﮔﻠﻮﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ) (Plant Airﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﺋﯽ
ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻓ ﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻘﺪﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﮔﻠﻮﮔﺎﻫﯽ ٬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ C-1802 ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.bﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ:
ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑ ﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ TIC-018 ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.cﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ:
ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ٬ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ FIC-03 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-003 ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ
ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺸﻬﺎﯼ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺁﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ
ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ٬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ
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ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ( Temperature Runaway ) ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ
ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۲ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء:
ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ٬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ:
Reaction section ﺍﺯ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
Reaction section ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻭ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ
H2+HC≤0.2 vol%ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﺋﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﻭ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﮎ / ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
E-1801 A~Dﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻭ Bypass ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ E-1801E ﺩﺭ
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ .ﻋﻠﯽ ﺭﻏﻢ ﺍﺻﻞ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮﯼ ﺍﺗﻼﻑ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ
ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1801 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ
ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ
ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﮐﻢ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ .
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TIC-018 ﺑﻪ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺑﻪ
ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ٬ﻭ ﺍﺗﻼﻑ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ٬ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﺋﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ٬ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻣﻴﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
Reaction sectionﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PIC-008ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PV-008 ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ PSV-006 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ
ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ Reaction section ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ PSV-005 ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ
ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ MX-1801 ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ .
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ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﺋﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ٬ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ PSV-010A,B ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ
ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ .
ﻓﻠﻨﺞ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ PSV-009A,B ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ
ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ) PSV-005 ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ٬(Reaction section ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ
ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ
ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ... LT,FT
ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ P-18009A ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1803 ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ 10% ﺑﻪ Reaction section ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ P-1807A ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍ ﺣﺪ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ
ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ 10% ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ V-1812 ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺁﻣﻮﻧﻴﺎﮎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﮏ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﻧﻴﺎﮎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ
ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺁﻧﺎﻻﻳ ﺰﺭ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ C-1802 ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ٬ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ
ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ٬ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ٬ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﻤﻞ
ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ٬ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ.
ﮐﻠﻴﺪ SS-004 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﯽ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ Boot ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LIC-002 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LV-002B ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء:
۳٫۱ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ PIC-008 ﺭﻭﯼ 5.8 Barg ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ .
۳٫۲ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ) .(~5.0 Barg
۳٫۳ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۴ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ H2+HC ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ 0.2 vol %
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻋﺎﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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۳٫۵ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1802,1803 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۶ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺁﺏ ﺧﻔﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801 ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ
ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۷ﺷﻤﻌﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۸ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ TIC-018 ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801 ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻮﺭﻩ H-1801 ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 15 oC/Hr ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 250 oC ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ٬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ 30 oC ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ TI-018 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺍﺯ TI-019 to030 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﺑﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ٬250 0C ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﮐﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ٬ﺑﻤﺪﺕ ﻳﮏ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۹ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻄﺢ LIC-002 ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
LV-002Bﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ٬ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ Boot ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 60%
ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۱۰ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ (Caustic pond )
ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LV-002B ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ
ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ LV-002A ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭ ﻭﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻭ
Block valveﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ
ﺭﻭﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ
ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ) ٬(Soda pondﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ
LV-002Aﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ٬ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ) ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ
ﻳﺎ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ(.
۳٫۱۱ﻇﺮﻑ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺯﺩﺍﺋﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ V-1809 ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ
ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ P-1803 ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ
ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ E-1802 ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑ
V-1802ﺑﻪ 60% ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ P-1802 ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ
ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮﯼ
ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ E-1802,1803 ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻳﮏ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۱۲ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ P-1807 ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ 10% ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ
ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ MX-1801 ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ 10% ﻃﻮﺭﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 3-6% ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ PH ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۱۴ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﮔ ﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ P-1802 ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
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۳٫۱۳ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FIC-008 ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ FV-008 ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ
ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﺴﺘﮕﯽ
ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺷﻮﺩ
ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋ ﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 0.1 vol% ﺷﻮﺩ .
۳٫۱۴ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﻣﻮﻧﻴﺎﮎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ٬ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ
ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺁﻣﻮﻧﻴﺎﮎ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ 100 ppm ﺷﻮﺩ .
۳٫۱۵ﺿﻤﻦ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ 0.5 vol% ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ
ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ 55 oC ﻧﺸﻮﺩ .ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ
ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺧﺘﻼ ﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ TI-018 ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﺮ ﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ TT-019 to 030 ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ
ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ 0.5 vol% ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﻳﯽ
ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ 55 oC ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 25 oC/Hr ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ 345 oC ﻭ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺶ
ﺍﺯ 0.5 vol% ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ) .(Oxygen breakthrough
ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﻭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ
ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮﯼ CO2,SO2 ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ
ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ 10% ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻭ ﺧﻨﺜﯽ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ
ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﻼﻑ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ٬ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ
ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ٬ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻏﻠﻀﺖ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ (Fresh caustic )
ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 3-6 wt% ﻭ PH ﺳﻮﺩﺍﯼ
ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ (Spent caustic ) ﮐﻪ ﺍ ﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ
ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 7.5-8.0 ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ
ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﻨﺜﯽ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ٬ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ
ﺣﺬﻑ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ SO2 ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802
ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ 55 oC ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ
ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ
ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ٬ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﺭﺍ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ
ﻇﺮﻑ V-1802 ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .
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۳٫۱۶ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ 0.3 vol% ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ٬ (Oxygen breakthrough ) ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ
ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺪ .
o
۳٫۱۷ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻧﻴﻢ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ 10 C ٬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ
ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﺴﻴﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ.
۳٫۱۸ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 25 oC/hr ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 345 oC ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ∆T=0 oC ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۱۹ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 25 oC/Hr ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 400 oC ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ 30 oC ﻭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ 0.5 vol% ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۲۰ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ 0.3 vol% ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۲۱ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻋﺖ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ 425 oC ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ
ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ 30 oC ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ 0.5 vol%
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ .
۳٫۲۲ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ
ﺻﻔﺮ) ٬ (∆T=0 oCﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻣ ﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ 1.0 vol% ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ
ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ
ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ 30 oC ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ٬ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ
ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻤﺪﺕ ۸ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻣﺪﺕ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ
ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ٬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ CO2 ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ 1.0 vol% ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﻮﺩ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﮐﮏ ﺳﻮﺯﯼ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ
ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺷﻮﺩ .
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۳٫۲۶ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﻣﻮﻧﻴﺎﮎ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۲۷ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮﯼ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ٬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ PH ﺁﺏ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ PH ٬ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ
۳٫۲۸ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۲۹ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ۴ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ۶ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۳۰ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 25 oC/Hr ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 70 oC ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ
ﺗﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ 180 oC ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
۳٫۳۱ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
۳٫۳۲ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ Reaction section ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﻪ
ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 0.1 Barg ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ Stand by ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ :
o
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ 50 C ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ٬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ .ﻟﺬﺍ ﺗﺎ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻨﮏ
ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐ ﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ
ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﭘﻮﺵ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻨﺪﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ٬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ
ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻨﮏ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ٬ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ
ﺑﻪ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﺋﯽ ﻫﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ
ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ٬ﺑﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭼﮏ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻳﺎ
ﺣﺬﻑ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧ ﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ
ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﯽ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ) (Hydrogen sweepﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
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ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ :
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ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ:
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ Sock Loadingﻭ Dense Loadingﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﻟﻴﮏ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﻫﺪ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ Dense loadingﮐﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﯼ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ
ﺍﺭﺟﺢ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﮐﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﯽ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﻴﺖ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﻪ
ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺭﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﮐﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ
ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ .ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺏ ﻫﻴﭻ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﺳﯽ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .
ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻃﻮﺏ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻫﻮ ﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻫﺘﺮﻳﻦ
ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺭﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻧﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻓﺮﺁﻳ ﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺮﻉ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ Mesh ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ
ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ٬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻭ ﻋﺎﻳﻖ
ﻧﺴﻮﺯ ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻨﺞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۴ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺳﺮﺍ ﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮔﭻ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۵ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ¾” ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎ
ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻦ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ Sock ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ
ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۶ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ¼” ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎ
ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻦ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ Sock ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺎﺋﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
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.۷ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﻗﻴﻒ) (Hopper
ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۸ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ
ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ
ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ.
.۹ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻤﻊ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۱۰ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ
ﺑﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻣﺮﻃﻮﺏ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۱۱ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻳﺎ Hopper ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﺛﻘﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻗﻴﻒ) (Hopperﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .
.۱۲ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۱۰ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﮑﻦ ﻗﻮﯼ
ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﮑﻦ ٬ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ
ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﮑﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ
ﺑﺎ ﻭﺿﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯼ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ) ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻏﺒﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ( .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ
ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺴﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﮔﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺷﻴﺐ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻴﺐ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ
ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ
ﺷﻴﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻩ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﮑﻦ ﻣﺬﮐﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ
ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۱۳ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻤﻊ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ
ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۱٫۵ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ
ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺑﺎﻻﺋﯽ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ
ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘ ﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﯼ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ¼” ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۱۴ ﻭ ۱۵ﻭ۱۶ﻭ ۱۷ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﮏ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﺑﻴﺪﻩ
ﻭ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ.
.۱۴ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﻭﺭﯼ
ﻭ ﺑ ﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﮑﻦ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻧﺼﺐ Basket ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ
ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ Basket ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﺼﺐ
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ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﻗﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﭘﻮﺵ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻪ Basket ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﻧﺼﺐ
Basketﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺁﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۱۵ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ¼” ﺗﺎ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ¾” ﺗﺎ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ. .۱۶
ﺩﺭﭘﻮﺵ Basket ﻫﺎ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ .۱۷
ﺩﺭﭘﻮﺵ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺵ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺭﭘﻮﺵ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ.
.۱۸ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ٬ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ
ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﻗﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺋﯽ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ .
.۱۹ﻭﺯﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲۰ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲۱ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۲۲ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ
ﺑﺎﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1804 ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ.
.۱ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﮑﻦ ﻗﻮﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ
ﺷﻮﺩ . .ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﮑﻦ ٬ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﮑﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺑﻞ
ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺿﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯼ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ) ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻏﺒﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ(.
.۲ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ Mesh ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ
ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۴ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ٬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻭ ﻋﺎﻳﻖ
ﻧﺴﻮﺯ ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻨﺞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۵ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮔﭻ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۶ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ¾” ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎ
ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻦ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ Sock ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۷ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ¼” ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎ
ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻦ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ
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ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ Sock ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺎﺋﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
.۸ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ
ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻳﮏ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ
ﺑﺴﻴ ﺎﺭ ﮐﻢ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻣﺮﻃﻮﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۹ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳﮏ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍ ﺭﯼ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﻭ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻔﮕﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺮﻉ ﻭﻗﺖ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺵ ﺻﺪﺍ
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻭﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻥ ٬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ
ﺍﺯ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .ﺩﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﺻﺎﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﮐﻔﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ
ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ) ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮐﻔﺶ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻑ ﺍﺳﮑﻴﻤﻮﻫﺎ(.
.۱۳ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺗﺎ
ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﯼ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ¼” ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
.۱۴ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻗﻴﻒ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺟﻤﻊ
ﺁﻭﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ .
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ﺑ ﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۱۵ﻭ۱۶ﻭ۱۷ﻭ ٬ ۱۸ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﮏ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ.
ﺑﺎﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﻇﺮﻑ V-1804ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ.
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ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﻼء ﻭ ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﻭ
ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ) (H2+HC≤0.2 vol%ﻭ ﻳﮏ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ) .(P=0.1 Barg
ﺩﺭ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫ ﺎ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ Reaction section ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﭘﻮﺵ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻨﺪﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻳﮏ ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﯽ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ٬ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻓﻠﻨﺞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ٬ﻭ ﻳﮏ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻑ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ)(Sleeve
ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺳﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ
ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ
ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ٬ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ
ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻫﺮﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺩﺭﭘﻮﺵ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺯ ﮐﻴﺴﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮑﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ.
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ٬ﺯﺍﻧﻮﺋﯽ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ Basketﻫﺎ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ Basketﻫﺎ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺿﺪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ
ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺪﺍ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﮐﻠﻴﻪ Basketﻫﺎ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ
ﺍﺯ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺗﺶ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ Basketﻫﺎ ٬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ٬ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺎ ﺩﺭ
ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟﯽ ﺭﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﺯ Soda ashﻏﻮﻃﻪ ﻭﺭ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ Basketﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺏ
ﺧﻴﺲ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ٬ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺍﺋﯽ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻮﺵ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻏﻴﺮ
ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ
ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﮑﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﻏﻨﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﮊﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ
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ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 30 cmﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ٬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻳﮏ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻴﮏ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ
ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳ ﮕﺰﻳﻨﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﻮ ٬ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ:
.۱ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﯼ ٬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﺲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ.
Reaction section .۲ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۳ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭼﮏ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ٬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۴ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ Reaction section ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﻪ
ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﯽ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ٬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۵ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻼء ﻭ ﺷﮑ ﺴﺘﻦ ﺧﻼء ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ٬ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ).(H2+HC≤0.2 vol%
.۶ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮑﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ٬ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۷ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ:
ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﯼ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ
ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﺩ ٬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﯼ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﮐﺮﻭﯼ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ¼”, ¾” ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .
ﻳﮏ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﺮﺛﻘﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ Basket ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ Basket ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻳﮏ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﯽ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﮑﻌﺐ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺭﻗﻴﻖ
Soda-ashﭘﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﻘﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﻳﮏ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ٬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ
ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ
ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﺋﯽ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻳﮏ ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ﻧﻮﺭﺍﻓﮑﻦ ﻗﻮﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺭﻭﺷﻨﺎﺋﯽ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻳﮏ ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺍﻳﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ
ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ
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ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷ ﻴﻠﻨﮓ ٬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺍﺯ
ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮕﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﯼ) ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ( ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬ ﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ٬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺪ ﺣﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ
ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺠ ﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ
ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
.۸ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﺋﯽ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮕﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ٬ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ
ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۹ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﺋﯽ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬
ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ
ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ٬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺍﺯ
ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ﺍﻭﻝ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ
ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮﺭﯼ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ
ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮓ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ
ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎ ﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ٬ﻧﺼﺐ ﻭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.۱۰ﺑﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ Basket ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ
ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻫﺮﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ Basket ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ
ﺭﻗﻴﻖ Soda-Ash ﻏﻮﻃﻪ ﻭﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﺷﻮﺩ Basket .ﻫﺎ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
.۱۱ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ؛ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﺯ
ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ٬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺩﺭ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴ ﻦ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺁﺏ ﺭﻭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ
ﺩﺭ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﭘﻮﺵ ﺑﺸﮑﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭ ﺍﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .
.۱۲ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ٬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ
ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﺼﺐ Basket ﻫﺎ ٬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ
ﮐﺮﻭﯼ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ
ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺍ ﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
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ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ۱
ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ HR-538
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