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2.
Darcy’s Law: describes the flow of fluid through a porous medium, based
on experiments on the flow of water through beds of sand, forming the basis
of hydrogeology, a branch of earth sciences.
3. Film theory: gas molecules must diffuse from the main body of the gas
phase to the gas-liquid interphase, and finally diffuses to the main body of the
liquid
4. Two film theory assumptions: steady-state, sharp boundary, laminar film,
equilibrium, no chemical reaction
5. Perturbation: operation of a transport system outside of timetable such that
delays in arrival and departure from defined locations are present
6. Hysterisis: occurs when the same change in the controller output in both
directions results in a different change in the process value
7. Producer gas: mixture of CO, H2, N2 and CO2 made by the partial
combustion of coal in of air
8. Why is the ground water not economical? Scaling, pretreatment, pumping
cost
9. Downcomer trays: Used to guide liquid flow from an upper tray to a lower
tray
10. Agitation vs mixing/blending. Agitation: creating turbulence to your vessel ;
Mixing: thoroughly combining materials to produce homogeneous product;
Blending: relatively gentle process compared to mixing
11. Gravity Decanter : vessel or stage in which two liquids are allowed to
separate by gravity
12. Feasibility study: analysis of how successfully a project can be completed,
accounting for economic, technological, legal and scheduling factors

13. Sensibility analysis: determine how different values of an independent
variable impact a particular dependent variable under a given set of
assumptions. Example: effect of change in interest rates on bond prices
14. Transfer function: a mathematical function relating the output or response
of a system to the input or stimulus.
15. Olvanil (C26H43NO3) : structural analog of capsaicin, which is the
noxious active component of hot peppers.
16. Capsaicin is measured on the scoville scale and expressed in terms of
scoville heat units
17. Ozonolysis is a method of oxidatively cleaving alkenes or alkynes using
ozone.
18. Photochemical smog is the chemical reaction of sunlight, nitrogen oxides
and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, which leaves airborne
particles and ground level ozone.
19. Edman Degradation: developed by Pehr Edman, it is a method of
sequencing amino acids in a peptide.
20. Who discovered radioactivity? Henri Becquerel
21. Radioactivity: property exhibited by certain types of matter of emitting
energy and subatomic particles spontaneously.
22. Isotopes:
-Similiar chemical properties
- same number of protons
-Different physical properties
-different number of electrons
-Different radioactive properties

-depending on nuclear structure
23. Who discovered vulcanized rubber? Charles Goodyear
24. Uses of EDTA -Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid C10H16N2O3
-chelating agent (formation of separate coordinate bonds between a
polydentate ligand and a single central atom)
-preservative, anticoagulant
25. Ultrasonic meters: Doppler meter
-measures the velocity of a fluid with ultrasound to calculate volume
flow
26. Not dependent of temperature and wavelenght? Black body
27. Electric noise inside an electric conductor which is independent of applied
voltage. Johnson noise
28. Error: difference between measure value and set point
29. Hall effect: when current is passed through a sample in a magnetic field, a
potential proportional to the current and to the magnetic field is developed
across the material in a direction perpendicular to both the current and
magnetic field
30. Deviation: any departure from a desired or expected process value
31. Oscillation: periodic fluctuation between two values
32. Deadband: range of values around the set point of a measured variable
where no action occurs
33. Offset: difference between the set point in an automatic controller and the
steady-state value of the controlled parameter.
34. Dead time: delay between a process parameter change and the sensing
of that change by the process controller

35. Gain: factor by which the magnitude of the flow error signal is increased
36. Integral: control the measured parameter at the controller set point
37. Which of these industries produce electricity aside from its main products?
Sugar industry
38. SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
39. UNIFAC method : UNIQUAC Functional-group activity coefficients
40. Nucleophilic substitution
41. Henry’s law: at a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas
dissolved in a given type and volume of a liquid is directly proportional to the
partial pressure of the gas in equilibrium with that liquid
42. Nujol Mull Process : to obtain an IR spectrum of a solid
43. Fusion: process that powers the sun and stars. Two atoms of hydrogen
combine together, or fuse, to form an atom of helium.
44. What is the definition of an eigenfunction? Af = kf, where k is constant
called eigenvalue
45. What protein is capable of undergoing a reduction process? Cysteine
46. Process of breaking down a large isotope into smaller isotopes. Nuclear
fission
47. Red lead ( Lead II,IV oxide): Used to in the manufacture of batteries, lead
glass and rustproof primer paints.
48. Can oxygen be synthesized from nitrogen? Yes, by the bombardment of
alpha particles (by Ernest Rutherford)
49. Author of octet rule: Gilber Lewis
50. Given Dodecane
I. Is it soluble in water? NO
II. Is it soluble in hexane? YES
III. Is it combustible? Yes
IV. State at room temperature? Liquid
V. Is it denser than water? Yes
51. Characteristics of elements under group 1A: has 1 electron on its
outermost energy level
52. Primary cell: used once and discarded
53. Secondar cell: rechargeable
54. Barbituric acid: Adolf baeyer’s contribution in medicine. Malonic acid +
urea. Central to understanding uric acid and its derivatives
55. Composition of acid in acid rain? Nitric and sulfuric acid
56. How to differentiate alkane, alkene, and alkyne? Reaction with Br2
57. What happens to melting point of a saturated fatty acid if -CH2- increase?
Increase
58. C6H12N2O3 - Daminozide - fertilizer for fruits
59. Particle with the same mass as proton (neutron)
60. Polymer used in bullet proof vest. Linear polyethylene
61. Nuclear fission - nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts. Discoverd by
otto hahn and fritz strassman

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2.

of hydrogeology, a branch of earth sciences.

4. Two film theory assumptions: steady-state, sharp boundary, laminar film,

equilibrium, no chemical reaction

5. Perturbation: operation of a transport system outside of timetable such that

delays in arrival and departure from defined locations are present

directions results in a different change in the process value

combustion of coal in of air

8. Why is the ground water not economical? Scaling, pretreatment, pumping

10. Agitation vs mixing/blending. Agitation: creating turbulence to your vessel ;

Mixing: thoroughly combining materials to produce homogeneous product;

Blending: relatively gentle process compared to mixing

12. Feasibility study: analysis of how successfully a project can be completed,

accounting for economic, technological, legal and scheduling factors

variable impact a particular dependent variable under a given set of

assumptions. Example: effect of change in interest rates on bond prices

14. Transfer function: a mathematical function relating the output or response

of a system to the input or stimulus.

15. Olvanil (C26H43NO3) : structural analog of capsaicin, which is the

noxious active component of hot peppers.

16. Capsaicin is measured on the scoville scale and expressed in terms of

scoville heat units

17. Ozonolysis is a method of oxidatively cleaving alkenes or alkynes using

18. Photochemical smog is the chemical reaction of sunlight, nitrogen oxides

and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, which leaves airborne

particles and ground level ozone.

19. Edman Degradation: developed by Pehr Edman, it is a method of

sequencing amino acids in a peptide.

20. Who discovered radioactivity? Henri Becquerel

21. Radioactivity: property exhibited by certain types of matter of emitting

energy and subatomic particles spontaneously.

-Similiar chemical properties

- same number of protons

-Different physical properties

-different number of electrons

-Different radioactive properties

23. Who discovered vulcanized rubber? Charles Goodyear

24. Uses of EDTA -Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid C10H16N2O3

-chelating agent (formation of separate coordinate bonds between a

polydentate ligand and a single central atom)

25. Ultrasonic meters: Doppler meter

-measures the velocity of a fluid with ultrasound to calculate volume

26. Not dependent of temperature and wavelenght? Black body

27. Electric noise inside an electric conductor which is independent of applied

voltage. Johnson noise

28. Error: difference between measure value and set point

potential proportional to the current and to the magnetic field is developed

across the material in a direction perpendicular to both the current and

30. Deviation: any departure from a desired or expected process value

31. Oscillation: periodic fluctuation between two values

where no action occurs

steady-state value of the controlled parameter.

of that change by the process controller

38. SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

39. UNIFAC method : UNIQUAC Functional-group activity coefficients

40. Nucleophilic substitution

41. Henry’s law: at a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas

dissolved in a given type and volume of a liquid is directly proportional to the

partial pressure of the gas in equilibrium with that liquid

42. Nujol Mull Process : to obtain an IR spectrum of a solid