闵行区 2020 学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试

英语试卷
考生注意：
1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在
答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方张贴条形码并填写准考证号和姓名。

I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the
end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations
and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question
about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best
answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. A bank officer. B. A policeman. C. A lawyer. D. A delivery man.

2. A. Unpleasant atmosphere. B. Terrible food.

C. Slow service. D. Unacceptable price.

3. A. Cloudy. B. Clear. C. Rainy. D. Overcast.

4. A. Work in groups. B. Give presentations.

C. Turn in their homework. D. Check their answers.

5. A. Depressed. B. Uncertain. C. Sad. D. Relived.

6. A. Make a medical appointment. B. Give the man a ride.

C. Buy the man some medicine. D. Take the man to the hospital.

7. A. To participate in a skiing race. B. To apply for a new job.

C. To begin a new career. D. To sell the house in Italy.

8. A. He’ll accept the job. B. He is busy on Sunday.

C. He will not work on Sunday. D. He will turn down the offer.

9. A. Differences in customs. B. Differences in pronunciations.

C. Differences in words. D. Differences in accents.

10. A. He knows very little about John. B. John doesn’t deserve the promotion.
C. John should earn more money. D. He doesn’t care for the news.

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Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and
you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The
passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.
When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which
one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. Dogs become tired out. B. Cats are very happy.

C. Dogs feel enjoyable. D. Cats get injured easily.

12. A. They misunderstand each other.

B. They are worried about their behaviors.
C. They enjoy exactly the same hobbies.
D. They wave their tails too often.

13. A. Dogs are good at hunting animals.

B. Dogs don’t like cats naturally.
C. Cats usually like playing with dogs.
D. Dogs and cats can possibly live in harmony.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. Record studios. B. Individual persons.

C. Social media. D. Live concerts.

15. A. They should start their career on their own.

B. They should get advice from the talented musicians.
C. They should use online stages fully to become noticeable.
D. They should seek cooperation with recording companies.

16. A. Comparison of musicians living at different ages.

B. Advice for those who want to stand out in music career.
C. The development of music styles at present.
D. People’s different attitudes toward different musicians.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. It’s not big enough. B. It’s out of their budget.

C. There is no garden. D. The kitchen is too small.

18. A. It’s within the price range. B. It’s spacious for the family.
C. It’s in bad conditions. D. It’s ideally located.

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19. A. The unacceptable rent. B. The inconvenient location.
C. The noise around. D. The incomplete equipment.

20. A. Go on looking for an apartment. B. Decorate their new apartment.

C. Move to the basement suite. D. Buy new furniture.

II. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent
and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the
proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while
driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets. (21) ______ connected electronically, they
are away from physical reality.
People (22) ______ (influence) to become technology addicted. One survey reported that
“addicted” was the word most commonly used by people (23) ______ (describe) their
relationship to iPad and similar devices. One study found that people had a harder time
(24) ______ (resist) the temptation of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and
alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time
on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a
cultural disease. I see people (25) ______ (trap) in a pathological ( 病态的 ) relationship with
time-consuming technology, (26) ______ they serve technology more than technology serves
them. I call this technology servitude (奴役). I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and
independence (27) ______ ______ uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that
eat up time and money.
What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question. Who is really in
charge of my life? That is what we need to ask (28) ______ if we are to have any chance of
breaking up false beliefs about the use of technology. When we can live happily without using
so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom,
become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of
technology. Mae West is famous for the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful.”
(29) ______ it’s time to discover that it does not work for technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept
away by our technologies.” To break the grand digital connection, people must
consider (30) ______ life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.

Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be
used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

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 A. potential B. limitless C. attached D. initial E. promotion F. appeal
G. expand H. equal I. recognition J. threaten K. practice

Celebrity ( 名 人 ) has become one of the most important representatives of popular

culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its
consumption on the interest of celebrity 31 to any given product. Besides, fashion
magazines have almost
abandoned the 32 of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as
famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market 33 ,
moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.
Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past, they were
typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they’re
started by first-class stars whose products enjoy 34 fame with some world top brands. The
most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As
celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they try to 35 their
production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.
However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who
overvalued his consumer 36 . No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to
impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise in self-
promotional marketing. And once the 37 attention dies down, consumer interest might fade,
loyalty returning to tried-and-true labels.
Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might
be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep is
likely to
38 to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought
him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s
( 自我的 ) potential for expansion is 39 . Having already achieved great wealth and public
40 , many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes,
success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short
time, but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked
A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Many things happen when people are ageing. Apart from the greying hair and wrinkled
skin, there is a(n) 41 change which comes with older age. When humans reach their later
years, they favour more long-term 42 and their social circle is reduced.
Now, for what appears to be the first time, scientists have seen the same 43 in another
species. Twenty years of observations of chimpanzees (猩猩) reveal that older males choose
to keep contact with their 44 friends at the expense of other relationships.

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 The researchers studied 78,000 hours of observations made between 1996 and 2016 that
followed the social 45 of 21 male chimpanzees between the ages of 15 and 58 years old.
They classified the chimps ’ 46 depending on the amount of time they sat with others and
groomed ( 梳 毛 ) them. They then rated ( 分 类 ) the various pairings as mutual ( 相 互 的 )
friendships, where both chimps seemed to enjoy the relationship; 47 friendships, where one
chimp was more keen to be friends than the other; and non-friendships, where neither chimp
showed 48 the other.
When the scientists looked at the 49 of friendships, they found that the older chimps
had more mutual friendships and fewer one-sided friendships than younger chimps. Another
50 seen in older humans was also spotted in the chimps. As the males got older, their levels
of 51 gradually become less, meaning they started fewer fights and tended to threaten
others in their group less often.
The observations have left the researchers 52 . According to an idea in psychology
known as socio-emotional selectivity theory, older humans prefer more 53 relationships
because they are aware that time is running out. However many animal experts argue that
chimpanzees 54 the human sense of mortality (死亡), suggesting something else is driving
the behaviour.
Robin Dunbar, a professor of evolutionary psychology at the University of Oxford, said
in humans, the 55 social circles with age is due to declining social motivation to get out and
meet people combined by lack of opportunity. In chimpanzees, as older males compete less
for mates, they may focus on close, reciprocal (互惠的) relationships with trusted partners, he
said.
41. A. physical B. intellectual C. emotional D. functional
42. A. habits B. friends C. tasks D. ideas
43. A. problem B. obstacle C. struggle D. behaviour
44. A. established B. respective C. experienced D. thoughtful
45. A. skills B. reputations C. interactions D. positions
46. A. intelligence B. relationships C. popularity D. performances
47. A. easy-going B. warm-hearted C. self-relying D. one-sided
48. A. respect for B. courage to C. interest in D. loyalty to
49. A. patterns B. importance C. meanings D. development
50. A. instinct B. disadvantage C. feature D. belief
51. A. responsibility B. aggression C. reliability D. advancement
52. A. delighted B. amused C. relived D. puzzled
53. A. unknown B. positive C. insecure D. senseless
54. A. lack B. obtain C. imitate D. abandon
55. A. absence from B. isolation from C. decrease in D. distinction in

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Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C
and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you
have just read.
(A)

Each day, 10-year-old Seth asked his mom for more and more lunch money. Yet he
seemed skinnier than ever and came home from school hungry. It turned out that Seth was
handing his lunch money to fifth grader, who was threatening to beat him up if he didn’t pay.
Most kids have been made fun of by a brother or a friend at some point. And it’s not
usually harmful when done in a playful and friendly way, and both kids find it funny. But
when teasing becomes hurtful, unkind, and constant, it crosses the line into bullying and
needs to be stopped.
Bullying is intentional torment (折磨) in physical or psychological ways. It can range
from hitting, name-calling and threats to blackmailing (勒索) money and possessions. Some
kids bully others by deliberately separating them and spreading rumours about them. Others
use social media or electronic messaging to make fun of others or hurt their feelings.
It’s important to take bullying seriously and not just brush it off as something that kids
have to tolerate. The effects can be serious and affect kids’ sense of safety and self-worth. In
severe cases, bullying has contributed to tragedies, such as suicides and school shootings.
Kids bully for a variety of reasons. Sometimes they pick on kids because they need a
victim—someone who seems emotionally or physically weaker, or just acts or appears
different in some way—to feel more important, popular, or in control. Although some bullies
are bigger or stronger than their victims, that’s not always the case.
Sometimes kids bully others because that’s the way they’ve been treated. They may
think their behavior is normal because they come from families or other settings where
everyone regularly gets angry and shouts or calls each other names.
Unless your child tells you about bullying—or has visible injuries—it can be difficult to
figure out if it’s happening.

56. What is the author’s purpose of telling Seth’s story?

A. To introduce the topic of bullying. B. To seek help for the victims of bullying.
C. To analyze the cause of bullying. D. To display the effects of bullying on kids.

57. What does the phrase “brush it off” (in paragraph 4) probably mean?
A. Remove bullying. B. Ignore bullying.
C. Avoid bullying. D. Punish bullying.

58. According to the passage, which of the following about bullying is NOT true?
A. Bullying is accidental behaviors.
B. Those who bully get emotional satisfaction.

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 C. The weak are easy to be bullied.
D. The experience of being bullied can lead to bullying.

59. What will the following paragraph most probably talk about?
A. Problems of bullying. B. Cause and effect of bullying.
C. Signs of bullying. D. Psychological reasons of bullying.

(B)

Welcome to the online Macmillan Dictionary of the BUZZWORD of the month.

Word entry – JOMO

JOMO is an acronym (首字母缩略词) standing for the expression ____________ , and

it simply refers to the gratifying feeling you get when you break away from the (real or
virtual) activities of your social group and spend time doing exactly what you most want to
do.
JOMO is often described as a resist against the hyper-connected society we live in,
where technology pushes both social and professional activity constantly in our faces, so
that it’s virtually impossible to be happily unaware of what everyone else is doing. This
often forces us into spending time in ways which we wouldn’t necessarily have
chosen. JOMO then, is about stepping off the social fashion and reconnecting with what
really makes us happy.

Background – JOMO

The concept of JOMO first appeared in 2012, its early use often credited to blogger
Anil Dash who, having to withdraw from both on- and offline activity for a period after the
birth of his son, realized that he’d enjoyed himself greatly and didn’t feel he’d missed out
on anything at all.
JOMO is a play on the earlier acronym FOMO , meaning “fear of missing out”, which
is used to describe the feeling of anxiety that people experience when they discover, often
via social media, that they’ve let go on a social event or other positive experience.
The existence of expressions like JOMO suggest that, although we’re unlikely to resist
technology completely, the more deeply we immerse (沉浸) in it, the more we’re beginning
to evaluate its hold on us. Other newly created combined words reflecting
this zeitgeist include ringxiety, the constant need to check your phone or mistakenly
thinking it’s ringing, phubbing, the related condition of being impolite in social situations
by checking your phone, tablet, etc.,  and infobesity, continuous addiction to digital
information in a way which affects your ability to concentrate.

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60. Which of the following phrases can be put in the blank (in the 4th line)?
A. Just Opposite My Opinion B. Joy of Missing Out
C. Jump off Mental Obstacle D. Justify Our Main Objective

61. According to the passage, which of the following is a state of JOMO?

A. You are busy with a report, so you don’t have to attend a staff meeting.
B. You are not feeling well, so you are allowed to leave the work earlier.
C. You received a dinner party invitation, but you preferred to stay home.
D. You were tired out after work, but you heard your favorite song on the radio.

62. The word “zeitgeist” (in the last paragraph) probably refers to ______.
A. a mixed or unfavorable feeling toward technology
B. a trend to use new words related to technology
C. the fear of negative influence of technology on people
D. the lack of ability to use technology properly

(C)
Once upon a time, science fiction was just a style among other styles. There were crime
stories, there were horror stories, there was literary fiction, and there was science fiction. But
today science themes dominate these other styles. It’s difficult to think of much modern
crime, horror or “serious” fiction that doesn’t involve science.
And it’s not just books. With every second movie and computer game having a sci-fi
element, science fiction seems to have controlled our entire entertainment culture. It’s clear
that if we want to define science fiction, we should relate it to the role that science plays in
our lives.
Although some experts have claimed to be able to trace sci-fi back to ancient times, it is
more reasonable to find it in initial form in the 19th century, when industrial societies arose.
One of the features that set industrial societies apart from other kinds was the increasing part
that science played in everyday life. Factories with vast machines turned out huge quantities
of goods, which were transported by trains, motor vehicles and ships all over the world. Cities
were built on the back of technology, with electricity in homes and hospitals helping everyone
to lead healthier, more convenient lives. All of these changes had great effects not only on
people’s real lives, but on their imaginative ones.
Writers began to describe these changing physical and mental landscapes, eventually
giving science fiction a large and devoted fan base of especially young readers, who found
that it spoke to their curiosity about the future that science would create.
But sci-fiction reflected fears about science more than it did hopes. These typical early
science fiction novels might be a UK novel like H.G. Wells’ The War of the Worlds (1897).
With great skill, Wells played upon the fears of technology by imagining Earth under threat
by a civilization –that of men from Mars.

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 The science fiction of today expresses the impact of the computing revolution, robotics
and our environmental challenges, while it is less concerned with “little green men from
Mars” and other themes of past sci-fiction.
Given that science, technology and politics are always intertwined, contemporary science
fiction often has a great deal to say about power. Many recent novels – like American Cory
Doctorow’s Little Brother (2008) – are concerned with government and security service
“conspiracies (阴谋)” against the people, particularly as the revelations of whistleblowers like
Edward Snowden sink in. This can give sci-fi writing a “skeptical (怀疑的)” feel.
This underlines one of the features that remains constant between the beginnings of the
empire of science fiction and its state today.
As then, so now: We want to read about how fearful the future will be, not how it will be
a paradise.

63. According to the first paragraph, we know that ______.

A. science fiction used to take the leadership in literature
B. horror story and literary fiction have initiated science fiction
C. modern fiction reflects the influence of science fiction
D. science fiction is the dominant literature style at present time

64. What caused science fiction to appear in the 19th century?

A. The curiosity of young readers about the future.
B. The changes that the industrial revolution brought about.
C. People’s stretched imagination affected by their real life.
D. People’s fears about science rather than hopes.

65. According to the passage, what do we know about the early science fiction?
A. It aroused people’s curiosity of science on daily life.
B. It intensified people’s worries about the social problems.
C. It promoted people’s understanding of the true value of science.
D. It conveyed an atmosphere of imaginary anxieties to people.

66. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Despite the content, the theme of science fiction remains the same.
B. The fear of outer space attack has long been a worry among people of times.
C. The appearance of science fiction has caused misunderstanding among people.
D. Science fiction is weakening government power implemented on people.

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Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in
the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than
you need.

A. It’s the inner self born in our mind that is keeping us under control.
B. Furthermore, if we try to live by the opinions of others, we will build our life on sinking
sand.
C. As a matter of fact, people sometimes fail to understand who they are and where they are going.
D. For the most of us, it’s other peoplesociety, colleagues, friends, family or our
community.
E. I think there’s only one waymake a conscious decision to stop caring what other people think.
F. Therefore, we are so eager for the approval of others that we live unhappy and limited
lives, failing to do the things we really want to.

Who’s in control of your life? Who’s pulling your strings? 67 We learned this way
of operating when we were very young, of course. We were brainwashed. We discovered that
feeling important and feeling accepted was a nice experience and so we learned to do
everything we could to make other people like us. As Oscar Wilde puts it, “Most people are
other people. Their thoughts are someone else’s opinions, their lives a mimicry ( 模仿 ), their
passions a quotation.”
So when people tell us how wonderful we are, it makes us feel good. We long for this
good feeling like a drugwe are addicted to it and seek it out wherever we can. 68
Just as drug addicts and alcoholics live worsened lives to keep getting their fix ( 成瘾物 ), we
worsen our own existence to get our own constant fix of approval.
But just as with any drug, there is a price to pay. The price of the approval drug is
freedomthe freedom to be ourselves. The truth is that we cannot control what other people
think. People have their own schedule and they come with their own baggage and, in the end,
they’re more interested in themselves than in you. 69 Everyone has a different way
of thinking, and people change their opinions all the time. The person who tries to please
everyone will only end up getting exhausted and probably pleasing no one in the process.
So how can we take back control? 70 We should guide ourselves by means of a
set of values not values imposed from the outside by others, but innate values which come
from within. If we are driven by these values and not by the changing opinions and value
systems of others, we will live a more authentic, effective, purposeful and happy life.

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of
the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

These days, it’s not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures,

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office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing
with Lego bricks. It’s becoming more and more common to see adult taking an interest in
toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This
phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.
What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults’ nostalgia ( 怀 旧 的 ) for the
carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today’s fast-paced, stressful
lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting
families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some
adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can
afford that radio-controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted.
Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests,
viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity (不成熟) and irresponsibility. Those who
agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology
concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly (异常) that people remain emotionally at
the level of teenagers.
From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless
fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and
their refusal to conform to society’s acceptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides,
they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal
choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for
employment and poor work opportunities.

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V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the

brackets.

72. 天气这么好，周六去植物园野餐好吗？ (Why not…)

73. 我现在比以前挣得多了，每月支付日常开销后还能存一些钱。(make)

74. 我外婆眼力不济了，看不了太小的字，需要一部适合老年人的手机。(suitable)

75. 获得粉丝大量点赞后他感概万千，回想起创业之初经历的种种磨难，他不禁失声痛

哭。(can’t help)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions
given below in Chinese.
假设你是李华，你们学校将为学生开设一系列微课程，每人可以选择其中的一项

参加。课程包括“文学欣赏”(Literature Appreciation)、 “厨艺” (Cooking Skills) 和

“野外生存” (Wilderness Survival Skills)。你在英国留学的表哥 Wilson 很关心你这次

课程的选择。请你写 E-mail 给他，说说你选择的结果，并简要谈谈这你样选择的理由。

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