Suggest and Offer (Sum)

Suggesting
Dialog 1
Raya : Finally! We’ve arrived at the waterfall.
Sinta : Yeah! What a beauty!
Raya : the surrounding scenery is also breathtaking
Sinta : Agree. I’m glad we are here
Raya : How about taking pictures?
Sinta : That’s good idea. We show them to our classmates later
Raya : Let me get your pictures first
Sinta : All right. Here I am now. How is it?
Raya : You should move a bit to the left. I want to get a clear shot of you and the waterfall.
Sinta : Here?
Raya : Perfect! O.K., done! Here, please take a look.
Sinta : It’s nice, thanks. Now, let me take yours.
Raya : All right.
Suggesting means we propose an idea, plan, or action for a person’s consideration.

Ask for other’s suggestions
What should...?
 What should we do for the holiday? I think we should visit Uncle Joko
 What should we do tomorrow? We should go to the restaurant
Do you have...?
 Do you have any ideas for our biology I think we should make an observation on
project? fungus
 Do you have any advice for me? You should be more proactive in the
classroom
What do you feel like...?
 What do you feel like to do this I think I should try baking cookies
weekend...?
 What do you feel like to sing? How about singing a song from the singer?
Any ide? (informal)
 Any ide for lunch? Why don’t we have gado-gado?
 Any ide which route to take? I think we should turn left to Jl. Udayana
Giving suggestion
Would you mind...? (formal)
 Would you mind if we have lunch at the No. That would be great
new restaurant?
 Would you mind trying swimming? Not at all. I think swimming is good for me
What if ...?
 What if you attend a dance class? I don’t think I like dancing
 What if we have fried rice for breakfast? Sure. I like fried rice.
Why don’t ... ?
 What don’t we go to the park? I don’t think that’s a good idea. It is hot today
 What don’t you get your hair cut? I will, thanks.
How about/ what about + verb-ing...)
 How about hiking? Sure, I’d happy to
 What about making cookies? All right.
How about + present simple...?
 How about I pick you up at 5 pm? All right, thanks
 How about you visit us again tomorrow? I will, thank you.
How about/ what about + Noun/Noun phrases?
 What about a cup of coffe? Sure, thank you very much
 How about pasta? All right.
If I were, I would...
 If I were, I would get that shirt You’re right, I will get that shirt.
 If I were, I would continue making video Thanks. But, i want to try something else now
Could ?
 You could donate your old books to the You’re right. I will do that.
orphanage.
 You could come here to give me my That’s a good idea.
phone on the way home.
Suggest, think, shall/should
 I sugget you walk carefully. The floor is Thanks, I’ll be careful.
slippery.
 We should prepare ourselves for the test. Agree.
Had better
 You had better focus on your studies I will, thanks
 You had better take shelter. The rain is Yeah, let’s do that
too hard.
Let’s ... (informal)
 Let’s go to the gym this afternoon. Sure. I want to execise too
 Let’s enjoy the feast Yeah, let’s.
Responses to suggestions.
Accepting suggestions Refusing suggestions
 All right. Let’s go together to the fair I don’t think that’s a good idea
 That’s good idea. I think ... I’m sorry. I would rather buy the bag online
 You’re right. I think ... Sorry. I rather spend my weekend at home
Subjunctive
Subjunctive adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja untuk mengungkapkan kebutuhan, saran,
harapan, atau pengandaian yang berbeda dengan kenyataan.
Bentuk verb ini biasanya digunakan untuk mengekspresikan keinginan, niat, atau
sesuatu yang mungkin belum tentu tentu terjadi. Adapun fungsi dari subjunctive
adalah:
 Mengekspresikan requirement (kebutuhan) atau suggestion (saran).
 Mengekspresikan urgency (penting).
 Menyatakan keadaan yang berbeda dengan pengandaian.
Jenis-Jenis Subjunctive
Subjunctive bisa berbentuk past dan future. Di bawah ini kita akan membahas satu
persatu mengenai jenis dari subjunctive yang terdiri dari:
1. Subjunctive wish
Dalam subjunctive wish, digunakan untuk mengungkapkan sebuah keinginan. Bisa
dibilang ini adalah sebuah andai-andai yang bisa saja belum terjadi atau telah terjadi.
 I wish she would stop say horrible things. (Aku harap ia bisa berhenti
menguncapkan hal-hal yang mengerikan.)
 I wish he were here to repair my computer. (Saya harap dia disini memperbaiki
komputer.)
 Everybody wishes that Sarah were able to control her emotion. (Setiap orang
berharap Sarah dapat mengontrol emosinya.)
2. Subjunctive as if atau as though

Penggunaan as if dan as though bisa dikatakan merupakan bentuk lampau atau past
subjunctive. Hal ini dikarenakan kejadian yang terjadi sudah lewat atau sudah terjadi.
 Robi acts as though he were a king. (Robi berlaku seakan-akan dia raja.)
 Siti eats much as if she had not eaten for a month. (Siti makan banyak seakan-
akan dia sudah tidak makan sebulan.)
 My friend looked as though she had seen a ghost. (Temanku terlihat seakan-
akan ia telah melihat hantu.)
3. Subjunctive “would rather”
Would rather juga masuk ke dalam past subjunctive di mana subyek dalam kalimat
berbeda dengan subyek yang mengikuti verb. Hal ini bisa terjadi ketika kita
membicarakan bahwa kita menginginkan orang lain untuk melakukan sesuatu.
Contoh:
 I would rather (that) you came another time. (Saya lebih suka kamu untuk
datang di lain waktu.)
 She would rather (that) he wasn’t so angry. (Ia lebih suka jika ia tidak marah
berlebihan.)
 Bruno would rather (that) Icarus didn’t stay so late at the office. (Bruno lebih
suka Icarus tidak lembur terlalu malam di kantor.)
4. Suggestion
Dalam penggunaan present subjunctive, ia berada dalam dependent clause di mana
bagian independent clause-nya menggunakan verb: ask, command, demand,
determine, insist, order, propose, recommend, regret, request, require, dan suggest
untuk mengekspresikan kebutuhan dan saran. Contoh:
 I recommend that you take a cooking class. (Saya merekomedasikan kamu
mengambil kelas memasak.)
 The doctor suggested that white rice be replaced with brown rice. (Dokter
menyarankan beras putih diganti dengan beras merah.)
Selain saran dan kebutuhan, bisa juga digunakan untuk menyatakan sebuah
kepentingan atau urgensi seperti: crucial, desirable, essential, important, imperative,
necessary, urgent, dan vital. Contoh:
 It is desirable that they be on time. (Diharapkan mereka datang tepat waktu.)
 It is necessary that she prepare for the next exam. (Perlu untuk dia
mempersiapkan ujian selanjutnya.
Offering
Modals
A. Pengertian Modals
Dalam Bahasa Inggris, kita mengenal jenis kata kerja bantu yang disebut modal. Modal
pada umumnya digunakan untuk mengungkapkan sikap penutur terhadap suatu hal:
apakah hal tersebut dibutuhkan, disarankan, diizinkan, mungkin terjadi, dan lain-lain.
Pada dasarnya, semua modal selalu diikuti oleh kata kerja bentuk pertama (V1).
B. Jenis-jenis Modals
1. Modal Present
S + Modal + Verb-1
(Modal: Will, Shall, Can, May, Must, Should)
2. Modal Past
S + Modal Past + Verb-1
Modal Past: Would, Should, Must/Had to, Might, Could)
3. Modal Perfect
S + Modal Perfect+ Have + Verb-3
(Modal perfect: Must, Might, Should, Could)
Contoh Kalimat Modals

I can run fast. (Saya bisa/dapat berlari)
You can use my motorcycle (Kamu boleh menggunakan sepeda motor saya)
Can I borrow your notebook? (Bolehkah saya meminjam buku catatanmu?)
When I was a child, I could run fast (Ketika saya kecil, saya bisa berlari kencang)
Could you help me? (Bisakah kamu membantuku?)
You could talk to your teacher about your problem (Kamu bisa berbicara kepada gurumu
tentang masalahmu)
I will cook dinner for my family (Saya akan memasak makan malam untuk keluarga saya)
Will you please turn the TV off? (Bisakah kamu mematikan TV?)
Would you please show me the way to the bus station? (Bisakah kamu tunjukkan pada saya
jalan menuju halte bus?)
I would rather stay at home than go for shopping (Saya lebih baik diam di rumah dari pada
pergi berbelanja)
May I borrow your dictionary? (Bisakah saya meminjam kamusmu?)
You may leave earlier (Kamu bisa pergi lebih awal)
John might be at the canteen (John mungkin saja ada di kantin)
You should stay at home (Kamu harus berdiam di rumah)
I must go now (Saya harus pergi sekarang)
You must not cheat on the exam (Kamu tidak boleh/tidak seharusnya menyontek saat
You must not cheat on the exam (Kamu tidak boleh/tidak seharusnya menyontek
saat ujian)
Shall I close the window? (Haruskah saya menutup jendela?)
I shall go to school at 6:30 (Saya harus pergi ke sekolah pukul 06.30)
Mengacu pada jenisnya, berikut beberapa ekspresi yang dapat dugunakan dalam
menawarkan bantuan pada orang lain.
Offering dengan menggunakan modal

Formal
May I offer you my help?
Would you like me to help you with those bags?
Can I help you?
May I offer you my assistance?
Informal
May I help you?
Can I help you?
What can I do for you?
Is there anythig that I can do?
Let me help you to…
Would you like any help?
Shall I….?
What if….?

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Suggesting

Suggesting means we propose an idea, plan, or action for a person’s consideration.

2. Subjunctive as if atau as though

Contoh Kalimat Modals

Offering dengan menggunakan modal

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