Agilent U1251A and U1252A Handheld Digital Multimeter: User's and Service Guide

Agilent U1251A and
U1252A
Handheld Digital
Multimeter
User’s and Service Guide
Agilent Technologies
Notices
© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2006 – 2012 Warranty Safety Notices
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II Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

Safety Symbols
The following symbols on the instrument and in the documentation indicate precautions which must be taken to
maintain safe operation of the instrument.
CAT III Category III 1000 V overvoltage protection CAT IV Category IV 600 V overvoltage protection
1000 V 600 V
Equipment protected throughout by

double insulation or reinforced Earth (ground) terminal
insulation
Caution, risk of danger (refer to this manual

Caution, risk of electric shock
for specific Warning or Caution information)
Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide III

Safety Information
This meter is safety-certified in compliance with EN/IEC 61010-1:2001, UL 61010-1 Second Edition and CAN/CSA
22.2 61010-1 Second Edition, CAT III 1000 V/ CAT IV 600 V Overvoltage Protection, Pollution Degree II. Use with
standard or compatible test probes.
General Safety Information

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation, service, and repair of
this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual
violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Agilent Technologies
assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
IV Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

• When working above 70 VDC, 33 VAC RMS or 46.7 V peak, exercise caution – such
WA R N I N G range pose a shock hazard.
• Do not measure more than the rated voltage (as marked on the meter) between
terminals, or between terminal and earth ground.
• Double-check the meter’s operation by measuring a known voltage.
• For current measurement, turn off circuit power before connecting the meter to the
circuit. Always place the meter in series with the circuit.
• When connecting probes, always connect the common test probe first. When
disconnecting probes, always disconnect the live test probe first.
• Detach test probes from the meter before you open the battery cover.
• Do not use the meter with the battery cover or part of the cover removed or loose.
• Replace the battery as soon as the low battery indicator flashes on screen. This is
to avoid false readings, which may lead to possible electric shock or personal injury.
• Do not operate the product in an explosive atmosphere or in the presence of
flammable gases or fumes.
• Inspect the case for cracks or missing plastic. Pay extra attention to the insulation
surrounding the connectors. Do not use the meter if it is damaged.
• Inspect the test probes for damaged insulation or exposed metal, and check for
continuity. Do not use the test probe if it is damaged.
• Do not use any other AC charger adaptor apart from the one certified by Agilent with
this product.
• Do not use repaired fuses or short-circuited fuse-holders. For continued protection
against fire, replace the line fuses only with fuses of the same voltage and current
rating and recommended type.
• Do not service or perform adjustments alone. Under certain condition, hazardous
voltages may exist, even with the equipment switched off. To avoid dangerous electric
shock, service personnel must not attempt internal service or adjustment unless
another person, capable of rendering resuscitation or first aid, is present.
• Do not substitute parts or modify equipment to avoid the danger of introducing
additional hazards. Return the product to Agilent Technologies Sales and Service
Office for service and repair to ensure the safety features are maintained.
• Do not operate damaged equipment as the safety protection features built into this
product may have been impaired, either through physical damage, excessive
moisture, or any other reason. Remove power and do not use the product until safe
operation can be verified by service-trained personnel. If necessary, return the
product to Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Office for service and repair to
ensure the safety features are maintained.
Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide V

• Turn off the circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors in the circuit before
CAUTION you perform resistance, continuity, diodes, or capacitance tests.
• Use the correct terminals, function, and range for your measurements.
• Never measure voltage when current measurement is selected.
• Use only recommended rechargeable battery. Ensure proper insertion of battery in the
meter, and follow the correct polarity.
• Disconnect test leads from all the terminals during battery charging.
VI Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

Regulatory Markings
The C-tick mark is a registered

The CE mark is a registered trademark trademark of the Spectrum
of the European Community. This CE Management Agency of Australia. This
mark shows that the product complies signifies compliance with
with all the relevant European Legal the Australia EMC Framework
Directives. regulations under the terms of the
Radio Communication Act of 1992.
This instrument complies with the

ICES/NMB-001 indicates that this ISM
WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking
device complies with the Canadian
requirement. This affixed product label
ICES-001.
indicates that you must not discard
Cet appareil ISM est confomre a la
this electrical/electronic product in
norme NMB-001 du Canada.
domestic household waste.
The CSA mark is a registered

trademark of the Canadian Standards
Association.
Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide VII

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive
2002/96/EC
This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking
requirement. This affixed product label indicates that you must not discard
this electrical/electronic product in domestic household waste.
Product Category:
With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1, this
instrument is classified as a “Monitoring and Control Instrument” product.
The affixed product label is as shown below.
Do not dispose in domestic household waste

To return this unwanted instrument, contact your nearest Agilent
Technologies, or visit: www.agilent.com/environment/product for more
information.
Agilent Technologies, through Rechargeable Battery Recycling Corporation (RBRC), offers free and convenient
battery recycling options in the U.S. and Canada. Contact RBRC at 877-2-RECYCLE (877.273.2925) or online at:
http://www.call2recycle.org/ for the nearest recycling location.
VIII Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

In This Guide…
1 Getting Started
This chapter contains information on the Agilent U1251A and U1252A
handheld multimeter front panel, rotary switch, keypad, display, terminals
and rear panel.
2 Making Measurements
This chapter contains information on how to make measurements using
the U1251A and U1252A handheld digital multimeter.
3 Functions and Features

This chapter contains information on the functions and features that are
available for the U1251A and U1252A digital multimeter.
4 Changing The Default Setting

This chapter shows you how to change the default factory settings of the
U1251A and U1252A and other available setting options
5 Maintenance
This chapter will go through how to troubleshoot the handheld digital
multimeter if any problems arise.
6 Performance Tests and Calibration

This chapter contains the performance test and the adjustment procedure.
7 Specifications
This chapter lists the product characteristics, specification assumptions
and the specifications of the U1251A and U1252A digital multimeters.
Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide IX

Declaration of Conformity (DoC)
The Declaration of Conformity (DoC) for this instrument is available on the
Web site. You can search the DoC by its product model or description.
http://regulations.corporate.agilent.com/DoC/search.htm
NOTE
If you are unable to search for the respective DoC, please contact your
local Agilent representative.
X Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

III
Contents
1 Getting Started
Introducing the U12521A/U1252A Handheld Digital Multimeter 2
Check the shipment 3
Adjusting the tilt-stand 4
The rear panel at a glance 7
The keypad at a glance 9
The display at a glance 11
Selecting display with the Hz button 16
Selecting display with the Dual button 18
Selection display with the Shift button 20
The terminals at a glance 22
Understanding The Measurement Instructions 24
Measuring Voltage 24
Measuring AC voltage 25
Measuring DC voltage 26
Measuring Current 27
µA & mA measurement 27
Percentage scale of 4 mA to 20 mA 29
A (ampere) measurement 31
Frequency Counter 32
Measuring Resistance, Conductance and Testing Continuity 34
Testing Diodes 38
Measuring Capacitance 41
Measuring Temperature 43
Alerts and Warning During Measurement 47
Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) XIII

III
Overload alert 47
Input warning 47
Charge terminal alert 48
3 Functions and Features

Dynamic Recording 50
Data Hold (Trigger Hold) 52
Refresh Hold 53
Null (Relative) 55
Decibel Display 57
1 ms Peak Hold 59
Data Logging 61
Manual logging 61
Interval logging 63
Reviewing logged data 65
Square Wave Output (for U1252A) 67
Remote Communication 71

Selecting Setup Mode 74
Setting Data Hold/Refresh Hold Mode 77
Setting Data Logging Mode 78
Setting Thermocouple Types (U1252A only) 79
Setting Reference Impedance for dBm Measurement 80
Setting Minimum Frequency Measurement 81
Setting Temperature Unit 82
Setting Auto Power Saving Mode 84
Setting Percentage (%) Scale Readout 86
XIV Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

III
Setting Beep Frequency 87

Setting Backlight Timer 88
Setting Baud Rate 89
Setting Parity Check 90
Setting Data Bit 91
Setting Echo Mode 92
Setting Print Mode 93
Returning to Default Factory Settings 94
5 Maintenance
Introduction 96
General maintenance 96
Battery replacement 96
Storage considerations 98
Charging the battery 98
Fuse checking procedure 105
Replacing the fuse 106
Troubleshooting 108
Replaceable Parts 109
To order replaceable parts 109

Calibration Overview 112
Closed-case electronic calibration 112
Agilent Technologies calibration services 112
Calibration interval 113
Adjustment is recommended 113
Recommended Test Equipment 114
Basic Operating Test 115
Backlit test 115
Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) XV

III
Testing the display 115

Current terminal test 116
Charge terminal alert test 117
Test Considerations 118
Calibration Security 119
Performance Verification Tests 120
Unsecuring the instrument for calibration 128
Calibration process 131
Using the front panel for adjustments 132
Adjustments Consideration 133
Valid adjustment input values 134
Adjustment procedure 135
Finishing the adjustment 142
To read the calibration count 142
Calibration errors 143
7 Specifications
Product Characteristics 146
Measurement Category 149
Measurement category definition 149
Specification Assumptions 150
Electrical Specifications 151
DC Specifications 151
AC Specifications 153
AC+DC Specifications for U1252A 155
Capacitance Specifications 156
Temperature Specifications 156
Frequency Specifications 157
Duty Cycle and Pulse Width Specifications 157
Frequency Sensitivity Specifications 158
XVI Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

III
Peak Hold Specifications 159

Frequency Counter Specifications for U1252A 160
Square Wave Output for U1252A 161
Operating Specifications 162
Display update rate (approximate) 162
Input impedance 163
Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) XVII

III
XVIII Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Tilt-stand at 60° 4
Figure 1-2 Tilt-stand at 30° 4
Figure 1-3 Tilt-stand at hanging position 5
Figure 1-4 U1252A front panel 6
Figure 1-5 Rear panel 7
Figure 1-6 Rotary switch 8
Figure 1-7 U1252A keypad 9
Figure 1-8 Display symbols 11
Figure 1-9 U1252A connector terminals 22
Figure 2-1 Measuring AC voltage 25
Figure 2-2 Measuring DC voltage 26
Figure 2-3 Measuring mA and mA current 28
Figure 2-4 Measuring scale of 4-20 mA 30
Figure 2-5 A (ampere) current measurement 31
Figure 2-6 Measuring frequency 33
Figure 2-7 Measuring resistance 34
Figure 2-8 Audible continuity, conductance, and resistance
test. 35
Figure 2-9 Conductance measurement 37
Figure 2-10 Measuring forward bias of diode 39
Figure 2-11 Measuring reverse bias of diode 40
Figure 2-12 Capacitance measurements 42
Figure 2-13 Connecting the thermal probe into the non-compensa-
tion transfer adapter 44
Figure 2-14 Connecting the probe with adapter into the
multimeter 44
Figure 2-15 Surface temperature measurement 46
Figure 2-16 Input terminal warning 47
Figure 2-17 Charge terminal alert 48
Figure 3-1 Dynamic recording mode operation 51
Figure 3-2 Data hold mode operation 52
Figure 3-3 Refresh hold mode operation 54
Figure 3-4 Null (relative) mode operation 56
Figure 3-5 dBm/dBV display mode operation 58
Figure 3-6 1 ms peak hold mode operation 60
Figure 3-7 Hand (Manual) logging mode operation 62
Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) IX

Figure 3-8 Full Log 62
Figure 3-9 Interval (Automatic) logging mode operation 64
Figure 3-10 Log review mode operation 66
Figure 3-11 Frequency adjustment for square wave output 68
Figure 3-12 Pulse width adjustment for square wave output 69
Figure 3-13 Duty cycle adjustment for Square Wave 70
Figure 3-14 Cable connection for remote communication 71
Figure 4-1 Data hold/Refersh hold setup 77
Figure 4-2 Data logging setup 78
Figure 4-3 Thermocouple type setup 79
Figure 4-4 Reference impedance for dBm measurement setup 80
Figure 4-5 Minimum frequency setup 81
Figure 4-6 Temperature unit setup 83
Figure 4-7 Auto power saving setup 85
Figure 4-8 % scale readout setup 86
Figure 4-9 Beep frequency setup 87
Figure 4-10 Backlit timer setup 88
Figure 4-11 Baud rate setup remote control 89
Figure 4-12 Parity check setup 90
Figure 4-13 Data bit setup for remote control 91
Figure 4-14 Echo mode setup for remote control 92
Figure 4-15 Print mode setup for remote control 93
Figure 4-16 Reset setup 94
Figure 5-1 9 V rectangular battery 97
Figure 5-2 Battery capacity display as trickle 100
Figure 5-3 Self-test 100
Figure 5-4 Charging mode 102
Figure 5-5 Charge end and trickle state 103
Figure 5-6 Battery charging procedure 104
Figure 5-7 Fuse replacement 107
Figure 6-1 LCD display 115
Figure 6-2 Input warning 116
Figure 6-3 Charge terminal alert 117
X Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

II
List of Tables
Table 1-1 Rotary switch description and functions 8
Table 1-2 Keypad desciption and functions 9
Table 1-3 General display symbols 12
Table 1-4 Priamry display symbols 13
Table 1-5 Secondary display symbols 14
Table 1-6 Analog bar range and counts 15
Table 1-7 Selecting display with the Hz button 16
Table 1-8 Selecting display with the Dual button 18
Table 1-9 Selecting display with the Shift button 20
Table 1-10 Terminal connections for different measuring
functions 22
Table 2-1 Numerical steps descriptions 24
Table 2-2 Percentage scale and measurement range 29
Table 2-3 Audible continuity measurement range 36
Table 4-1 Available setting options in Setup mode 75
Table 5-1 Battery voltage and corresponding percentage of charg-
es in standby and charging modes 100
Table 5-2 Error messages 101
Table 5-3 Measurement readings for fuse checking 106
Table 5-4 Fuse specifications 107
Table 5-5 Basic troubleshooting procedures 108
Table 6-1 Recommended Test Equipment 114
Table 6-2 Performance verification test steps 121
Table 6-3 Valid adjustment input values 134
Table 6-4 Adjustment table 137
Table 7-1 DC Accuracy ± (% of reading + Number of Least Signifi-
cant Digit) 151
Table 7-2 U1251A accuracy specifications ± (% of reading + num-
ber of LSD) for true RMS AC voltage 153
ber of LSD) for true RMS AC current 153
ber of LSD) for true RMS AC voltage 154
ber of LSD) for true RMS AC current 154
Table 7-6 U1252A true RMS ac+dc voltage specifications 155
Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) XI

II
Table 7-7 U1252A true RMS ac+dc current specifications 155

Table 7-8 Capacitance specifications 156
Table 7-9 Temperature specifications 156
Table 7-10 Frequency specifications 157
Table 7-11 Duty cycle and pulse width specifications 157
Table 7-12 Frequency sensitivity and trigger level specifications for
voltage measurements 158
Table 7-13 Frequency sensitivity specifications for current
measurements 159
Table 7-14 Peak hold specifications for dc voltage and current
measurements 159
Table 7-15 Frequency counter (divide by 1) specifications 160
Table 7-16 Frequency counter (divide by 100 [4])
specifications 160
Table 7-17 Square wave output specifications 161
Table 7-18 Display update rate (approximate) 162
Table 7-19 Input Impedance 163
XII Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

Agilent U1251A and U1252A Handheld Digital Multimeter
1
Getting Started
Introducing the U12521A/U1252A Handheld Digital Multimeter 2
Check the shipment 3
Adjusting the tilt-stand 4
The front panel at a glance 6
The rear panel at a glance 7
The rotary switch at a glance 8
The keypad at a glance 9
The display at a glance 11
Selecting display with the Hz button 16
Selecting display with the Dual button 18
Selection display with the Shift button 20
The terminals at a glance 22
This chapter contains information on the Agilent U1251A

and U1252A handheld multimeter front panel, rotary switch,
keypad, display, terminals and rear panel.
Agilent Technologies 1
1 Getting Started Tutorial
Introducing the U12521A/U1252A Handheld Digital Multimeter

Key features of this digital multimeter:
• DC, AC, and AC + DC (U1252A only) voltage and current
measurements.
• True- RMS measurement for both AC voltage and current
• Rechargeable Ni- MH battery with built- in charging
capability (U1252A only)
• Ambient temperature on second display
• Battery capacity indicator
• Blue LED backlight
• Resistance measurement of up to 50 MΩ (for U1251A)
and 500 MΩ (for U1252A)
• Conductance measurement from 0.01 nS (100 GΩ) ~ 50 nS
• Capacitance measurement of up to 100 mF
• Frequency counter up of to 20 MHz (U1252A only)
• The % scale readout for 4–20 mA or 0–20 mA measurement
• dBm with selectable reference impedance
• 1 ms Peak Hold to catch inrush voltage and current easily
• Temperature test with selectable 0 °C compensation
(without ambient temperature compensation).
• K- type (for U1251A) and J/K- types temperature
measurement (for U1252A)
• Frequency, duty cycle, and pulse width measurements
• Dynamic Recording for min, max, and average readings
• Data Hold with manual or auto trigger and Null mode
• Diode and audible continuity tests
• Square wave generator with selectable frequency, pulse
width and duty cycle (U1252A only)
• Agilent GUI Application Software (IR- USB cable sold
separately)
• Closed case calibration
2 Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

Getting Started Tutorial 1
Check the shipment

Verify that you have received the following items with your
multimeter:
• 9 V alkaline battery (for U1251A only)

• Soft carrying case
• 4 mm probes
• Test leads
• Alligator clips
• SMT grabbers
• Fine tips test probes
• Mini grabber (black only)
• Rechargeable 7.2 V battery (for U1252A only)
• Power cord & AC adapter (for U1252A only)
• Quick Start Guide
• CD containing the User’s Guide, application software and
instrument drivers
• Certificate of Calibration
Contact your nearest Agilent Sales Office if any of the above
are missing.
Inspect the shipping containing for damage. Signs of damage
may include a dented or torn shipping container or
cushioning material that indicates signs of unusual stress or
compacting. Save the packaging material in case the
multimeter needs to be returned.
Please refer to the Agilent Handheld Tools brochure
(5989- 7340EN) for the full and latest list of handheld
accessories available.
Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide 3

Adjusting the tilt-stand

To adjust the meter to a 60° standing position, pull the
tilt- stand outwards to its maximum reach.
IR-USB cable
To PC (host)
Tilt-stand at 60 °
Figure 1-1 Tilt-stand at 60°
To adjust the meter to a 30° standing position, bend the tip

of the stand so that it is parallel to the ground before
pulling the stand outwards to its maximum reach.
IR-USB cable
To PC (host)
Tilt-stand at 30 °
Figure 1-2 Tilt-stand at 30°

To adjust the meter to a hanging position follow the steps

shown in Figure 1- 3 below.
1. Extend the tilt-stand until its maximum reach 2. Detach the tilt-stand
4. Re-attach the tilt-stand to an upright position 3. Flip the tilt-stand over until this side of the
stand is facing the device instead of facing you.
Figure 1-3 Tilt-stand at hanging position

The front panel at a glance
Display
Keypad
Rotary switch
Terminal
Connectors
Figure 1-4 U1252A front panel

The rear panel at a glance
IR communication port
Test probe
holders
Tilt-stand
Battery access
cover
Figure 1-5 Rear panel

The rotary switch at a glance
5 6
4 7
8
3
2 9
1 10
Figure 1-6 Rotary switch
Table 1-1 Rotary switch description and functions
No. Description/Function
1 Charge mode (U1252A only) or OFF

2 AC voltage
3 AC voltage, DC voltage or DC+AC voltage (U1252A only)
4 DC mV, AC mV, AC+DC mV (U1252A only)
5 Resistance (Ω), Continuity, and Conductance ( nS )
6 Frequency counter (U1252A only) or Diode
7 Capacitance or Temperature
8 DC µA, AC µA, and AC+DC µA
9 DC mA, DC current, AC mA, AC current, or AC+DC current
10 Square-wave output, Duty cycle, or Pulse width output (for
U1252A) and OFF (for U1251A)

The keypad at a glance

The operation of each key is shown below. Pressing a key
illuminates a related symbol on the display and emits a beep
from the multimeter. Turning the rotary switch to another
position resets the current operation of the key.
Figure 1- 7 below shows the keypad of the U1252A. The ms%
(Pulse width/Duty cycle), Hz , and frequency counter
functions are only available on the U1252A.
3 4
5
2 6
1 7
Figure 1-7 U1252A keypad
Table 1-2 Keypad desciption and functions

Button Function when pressed for less than 1 second Function when pressed for more than 1 second
1 acts as a toggle switch to turn backlit ON/OFF. displays the battery capacity for 3 seconds.
Backlit automatically turns off after 30s (default) [1].
2 freezes the measured value. In Data Hold enters Dynamic Recording mode. Press
mode, press again to trigger hold of the next measured again to scroll through Max, Min, Avg, and present
value. In Refresh Hold mode, reading updates readings (indicated by MAXMINAVG on display).
automatically once reading is stable and count setting
is exceeded [1].
3 saves displayed value as a reference to be enters 1 ms Peak Hold mode. Press
subtracted from subsequent measurements. Press to scroll through Max and Min peak readings.
again to see the relative value that has been saved.

Button Function when pressed for less than 1 second Function when pressed for more than 1 second
4 scrolls through the measuring function(s) at a enters Log Review mode. Press to
particular rotary switch position. switch to manual or interval logging data. Press
or to view first or last logged data respectively.
Press or to scroll up or down logged data.
Press for more than 1 second to exit mode.
5 scrolls through available measuring ranges sets to Auto Range mode.

(except when rotary switch is set at TEMP or at Hz [for
U1252A] position) [2].
6 scrolls through available dual-combination exits Hold, Null, Dynamic Recording, 1 ms
displays (except when rotary switch is set at TEMP, Hz Peak Hold and dual display modes.
or [for U1252A] position, or when meter is in
1 ms peak hold or dynamic recording mode) [3].
7 enters Frequency Test mode for current or enters logging mode. In manual data logging,
voltage measurements. Press to scroll through press to log data manually into memory. In
frequency (Hz), duty cycle (%) and pulse width (ms) automatic data logging, data logs automatically [1].
functions. In duty cycle (%) and pulse width (ms) Press for more than 1 second to exit auto data
tests, press to switch to positive or negative logging mode.
pulse.
Notes for keypad descriptions and functions:
1 See Table 4-1 on page 75, “Available setting options in Setup mode,” for details of available options.
2 When rotary switch is at TEMP, press to switch to ºC or ºF display. When rotary switch is at Hz, press to
switch to division of signal frequency by 1 or 100.
3 When rotary switch is at TEMP, ETC is ON by default. You may press to disable ETC (Environment Temperature
Compensation), will appear on display. For pulse and duty cycle measurement, press to switch trigger slope
to positive or negative. When meter is in peak or dynamic-recording mode, press to restart 1 ms peak hold or
dynamic recording mode.

The display at a glance

To view the full display (with all segments illuminated),
press and hold the button while turning the rotary

switch from OFF to any non- OFF position. After you have
finished viewing the full display, press any button to resume
normal functionality based on the rotary switch position.
This is followed by a wake- up feature.
The meter will then enter power save mode once auto power
off (APF) is enabled. To wake the meter up:
1 Turn the rotary switch to OFF position then ON again.
2 Press any button for rotary switch position that is not at
square wave output position. (U1252A only)
3 To set the rotary switch at square wave out position,
press only the Dual, Range and Hold buttons or turn the
rotary switch to another position. (U1252A only)
The LCD signs are explained in the following tables.
Figure 1-8 Display symbols

Table 1-3 General display symbols

LCD symbol Description
Remote control
Thermocouple types: (K-type) (J-type)

NULL Null math function
Diode / Audible continuity
Audible continuity for resistance
View mode for checking logged data
Data logging indication
Square wave output (U1252A only)
• Positive slope for pulse width (ms) and duty cycle (%) measurement
• Charging capacitor as capacitance measurement
• Negative slope for pulse width (ms) and duty cycle (%) measurement
• Discharging capacitor as capacitance measurement
Low battery indication
Auto power off enable
Refresh (auto) Hold
TRIG Trigger (manual) Hold

MAXMINAVG Dynamic Recording mode: Present value on primary display
MAX Dynamic Recording mode: Maximum value on primary display
MIN Dynamic Recording mode: Minimum value on primary display
AVG Dynamic Recording mode: Average value on primary display
MAX 1 ms Peak Hold mode: Positive peak value on primary display

1 ms Peak Hold mode: Negative peak value on primary display
MIN

The primary display signs are explained below.
Table 1-4 Priamry display symbols

Auto range
AC + DC
DC
AC
Polarity, digits, and decimal points for primary display
dBm Decibel unit relative to 1 mW

dBV Decibel unit relative to 1 V
MkHz Frequency units: Hz, kHz, MHz
MkΩ Resistance units: Ω, kΩ, MΩ
nS Conductance unit
mV Voltage units: mV, V
µmA Current units: µA, mA, A
% Duty cycle measurement
ms Pulse width unit
µmnF Capacitance units: nF, µF, mF
ºC Celsius temperature unit
ºF
Fahrenheit temperature unit
% Percentage scale readout proportional to DC 0–20 mA
% Percentage scale readout proportional to DC 4–20 mA

The secondary display signs are explained below.
Table 1-5 Secondary display symbols

AC + DC
DC
AC
Polarity, digits and decimal points for secondary display
kHz Frequency units: Hz, kHz
No ambient temperature compensation, just thermocouple measurement

ºC Celsius ambient temperature unit
ºF Fahrenheit ambient temperature unit
mV Voltage units: mV, V
µmA Current units: µA, mA, A
s Elapsed time unit: s (second) for Dynamic Recording and 1 ms Peak Hold modes
The analog bar emulates the needle on an analog multimeter,

without displaying the overshoot. When measuring peak or
null adjustments and viewing fast- changing inputs, the bar
graph provides a useful indication because it has quicker
update rate for fast response applications.
The bar graph is not used for square wave output, frequency,
duty cycle, pulse width, 4–20 mA% scale, 0–20 mA% scale
and temperature measurements. When frequency, duty cycle,
and pulse width are indicated on the primary display during
voltage or current measurement, the bar graph represents
the voltage or current value. When 4–20 mA% scale or
0–20 mA% scale is indicated on the primary display, the bar
graph represents the current value and not the percentage.

The “+” or “–” sign is indicated when the positive or

negative value has been measured or calculated. Each
segment represents 2500 or 500 counts depending on the
range indicated on the peak bar graph. See the Table 1- 6
below.
Table 1-6 Analog bar range and counts

Range Counts/segments Used for the function
2500 V, Ω, Diode
2500 V, A, Ω
2500 V, A, Ω, nS
500
V,
500
500

Selecting display with the Hz button

The frequency measurement feature helps to detect the
presence of harmonic currents in neutral conductors and
determines whether these neutral currents are the result of
unbalanced phases or non- linear loads. Press to access
the frequency measurement mode for current or voltage
measurements — voltage or current on the secondary display
and frequency on the primary display. Alternatively, pulse
width (ms) or duty cycle (%) can appear on the primary
display by pressing again. This enables the
simultaneous monitoring of realtime voltage and current
with frequency, duty cycle, or pulse width. Voltage or
current resumes on primary display after you press and hold
for more than 1 second.
Table 1-7 Selecting display with the Hz button

Rotary switch position (Function) Primary display Secondary display
for U1252A Frequency (Hz) AC V
(AC voltage) Pulse width (ms)
Duty cycle (%)
V for U1251A Frequency (Hz) DC V
for U1252A Pulse width (ms)
(DC voltage) Duty cycle (%)
for U1252A Frequency (Hz) AC + DC V
(AC + DC voltage) Pulse width (ms)
Duty cycle (%)
Frequency (Hz) AC mV
(AC voltage) Pulse width (ms)
Duty cycle (%)
Frequency (Hz) DC mV
(DC voltage) Pulse width (ms)
Duty cycle (%)

Table 1-7 Selecting display with the Hz button (continued)
Frequency (Hz) AC + DC mV
(AC + DC voltage) Pulse width (ms)
[for U1252A] Duty cycle (%)
Frequency (Hz) AC µA
Pulse width (ms)
(AC Current)
Duty cycle (%)
Frequency (Hz) DC µA
Pulse width (ms)
(DC current)
Duty cycle (%)
Frequency (Hz) AC + DC µA
Pulse width (ms)
(AC + DC current)
Duty cycle (%)
[for U1252A]
Frequency (Hz) AC mA or A
Pulse width (ms)
(AC current)
Duty cycle (%)
Frequency (Hz) DC mA or A
Pulse width (ms)
(DC current)
Duty cycle (%)
Frequency (Hz) AC + DC mA or A
Pulse width (ms)
[for U1252A]
Duty cycle (%)
(AC + DC current)
Hz (Frequency counter) - press Frequency (Hz) -1-
to select frequency division by 1 [for Pulse width (ms)
U1252A] Duty cycle (%)
Frequency (Hz) - 100 -
Hz (Frequency counter) - press
to select frequency division by 100 [for
U1252A]

Selecting display with the Dual button

Press to select different combinations of dual display.
Normal single display resumes after you press and hold
for more than 1 second. See Table 1- 8 below.
Table 1-8 Selecting display with the Dual button

Rotary switch position (Function) Primary display Secondary display
AC V Hz (AC coupling)
(AC voltage) dBm or dBV (select AC V
by pressing )
AC V Ambient temperature °C or °F
AC V Hz (AC coupling)
for U1252A
dBm or dBV [1] AC V
(AC voltage)
AC V DC V
AC V Ambient temperature °C or °F
V for U1251A/ DC V Hz (DC coupling)
dBm or dBV [1] DC V
for U1252A
DC V AC V [for U1252A]
(DC voltage) DC V Ambient temperature °C or °F
AC + DC V Hz (AC coupling)
for U1252A
dBm or dBV [1] AC + DC V
(AC + DC voltage)
AC + DC V AC V
AC + DC V DC V
AC + DC V Ambient temperature °C or °F
AC mV Hz (AC coupling)
dBm or dBV [1] AC mV
(AC voltage)
AC mV DC mV
AC mV Ambient temperature °C or °F
DC mV Hz (DC coupling)
dBm or dBV [1] DC mV
(DC voltage)
DC mV AC mV
DC mV Ambient temperature °C or °F

AC + DC mV Hz (AC coupling)
dBm or dBV AC + DC mV
(AC + DC voltage)
AC + DC mV AC mV
AC + DC mV DC mV
AC + DC mV Ambient temperature °C or °F
DC μA Hz (DC coupling)
(DC current) DC μA AC μA
DC μA Ambient temperature °C or °F
AC μA Hz (AC coupling)
AC μA DC μA
(AC current)
AC μA Ambient temperature °C or °F
AC + DC μA Hz (AC coupling)
AC + DC μA AC μA
(AC + DC current)
AC + DC μA DC μA
[for U1252A]
AC + DC μA Ambient temperature °C or °F
DC mA Hz (DC coupling)
DC mA AC mA
(DC current) % (0–20 or 4–20) DC mA
DC mA Ambient temperature °C or °F
AC mA Hz (AC coupling)
AC mA DC mA
(AC current)
AC mA Ambient temperature °C or °F
AC + DC mA Hz (AC coupling)
AC + DC mA AC mA
(AC + DC current)
AC + DC mA DC mA
[for U1252A] AC + DC mA Ambient temperature °C or °F
DC A Hz (DC coupling)
(DC current) DC A AC A
DC A Ambient temperature °C or °F
AC A Hz (AC coupling)
(AC current) AC A DC A
AC A Ambient temperature °C or °F


AC + DC A Hz (AC coupling)
AC + DC A AC A
(AC + DC current)
AC + DC A DC A
[for U1252A] AC + DC A Ambient temperature °C or °F
(Capacitance) nF / V / Ω / nS Ambient temperature °C or °F
(Diode)/
Ω (Resistance)/
nS (Conductance)
TEMP (Temperature) °C (°F) Ambient temperature °C or °F
°C (°F) Ambient temperature °C or °F /
0 °C compensation (select by
pressing )
Notes for selecting display with the Dual button:
1 Reading of dBm or dBV depends on the last review on AC V. If the last review is in dBV, the following display
will also remain in dBV.
Selection display with the Shift button

The table below shows selection of primary display, with
respect to measuring function (rotary switch position), using
the SHIFT button.
Table 1-9 Selecting display with the Shift button

Rotary switch position (Function) Primary display
AC V
(AC Voltage) dBm (in dual display mode) [1]
dBV (in dual display mode) [1]
V for U1251A DC V
for U1252A DC V
(AC + DC Voltage) AC V
AC + DC V

Table 1-9 Selecting display with the Shift button

for U1252A DC mV
(AC + DC Voltage) AC mV
AC + DC mV
Ω Ω
(Resistance) Ω
nS
Diode
(Diode Test and Frequency) Hz
Capacitance
/ TEMP Temperature
(Capacitance and Temperature)
DC μA
AC μA
(AC Current) AC + DC μA [for U1252A]
DC mA
AC mA
AC + DC mA
(DC Current) %(0–20 or 4–20)
DC A
AC A
(AC + DC Current) AC + DC A [for U1252A]
Duty cycle (%)
Pulse width (ms)
(Square wave output for U1252A)

Notes for selecting display with the Shift button:
1 Press to switch between dBm and dBV measurement.
Press for more than 1 second to return to AC V measurement only.

The terminals at a glance

To avoid damaging the multimeter, do not exceed the input limit.
WA R N I N G
Figure 1-9 U1252A connector terminals
Table 1-10 Terminal connections for different measuring functions

Rotary switch position Input terminals Overload protection
V . mV . Ω . COM 1000 V R.M.S.
for U1252A
V for U1251A .TEMP
1000 V R.M.S. for short circuit <0.3 A

Ω
μA . mA COM 440 mA / 1000 V 30 kA fast-acting

fuse
A COM 11 A / 1000 V 30 kA fast-acting fuse
for U1252A COM

COM 440 mA / 1000 V fast-acting fuse

2
Making Measurements
Understanding The Measurement Instructions 24
Measuring Voltage 24
Measuring AC voltage 25
Measuring DC voltage 26
Measuring Current 27
µA & mA measurement 27
Percentage scale of 4 mA to 20 mA 29
A (ampere) measurement 31
Frequency Counter 32
Measuring Resistance, Conductance and Testing Continuity 34
Testing Diodes 38
Measuring Capacitance 41
Measuring Temperature 43
Alerts and Warning During Measurement 47
Overload alert 47
Input warning 47
Charge terminal alert 48
This chapter contains information on how to make

measurements using the U1251A and U1252A handheld
digital multimeter.
Understanding The Measurement Instructions

When making measurements, follow the numerical steps
labelled in the diagrams. Refer to Table 2- 1 below for a
description of the steps.
Table 2-1 Numerical steps descriptions
No. Instructions
Turn the rotary switch to the measurement option shown in the diagram
Connect the test leads into the input terminals shown in the diagram
Probe the test points
Read the results on the display
Measuring Voltage
The U1251A and U1252A offer true- RMS readings for AC
measurements that are accurate for sine waves, square
waves, triangle waves, staircase waves, and other waveforms
without any DC offset.
For AC with DC offset, use AC + DC measurement on
or rotary switch location. This applies only to
U1252A.
Ensure that the terminal connections are correct for that particular
WA R N I N G
measurement before proceeding with the measurement. To avoid
damaging the device, do not exceed the input limit.

Making Measurements 2
Measuring AC voltage
Set up the multimeter to measure AC voltage as shown in
Figure 2- 1. Probe the test points and read the display.
Red Lead
Black Lead
Figure 2-1 Measuring AC voltage
Press to display frequency on secondary display. See Table 1-8 of

NOTE “Selecting display with the Dual button” on page 18 for a list of the
different combinations available on the secondary display.

Measuring DC voltage
Set up the multimeter to measure DC voltage as shown in
MAX
Red Lead
Black Lead
Figure 2-2 Measuring DC voltage

Measuring Current
µA & mA measurement
Set up the multimeter to measure μA & mA as shown in
• Press if necessary to ensure is shown on the display.

NOTE
• For μA measurement, set the rotary switch to and connect
the positive test lead to μA.mA.
• For mA measurement, set the rotary switch to and
connect the positive test lead to μA.mA.
• For A (ampere) measurement, set the rotary switch to and
connect the positive test lead to A.
• Press to display dual measurements. See Table 1-8 of “Selecting
display with the Dual button” on page 18 for a list of dual
measurements available. Press and hold for more than 1 second
to exit dual display mode.

Black Lead
Red Lead
Figure 2-3 Measuring μA and mA current

Percentage scale of 4 mA to 20 mA
Set up the multimeter to measure percentage scale as shown
in Figure 2- 4. Probe the test points and read the display.
• Press to select percentage scale display. Ensure that or

NOTE is shown on the display.
• The percentage scale for 4 mA to 20 mA or 0 mA to 20 mA is calculated
using its corresponding DC mA measurement. The U1251A/U1252A
will automatically optimize the best resolution according to Table 2-2
below.
• Press to change the measurement range.
The percentage scale for 4 mA to 20 mA or 0 mA to 20 mA

is set to two ranges as follows:
Table 2-2 Percentage scale and measurement range
Percentage scale (4 mA to 20 or 0 mA to 20 mA) DC mA auto or manual

Always auto range range
999.99%
50 mA, 500 mA
9999.9%

Black Lead
Red Lead
Figure 2-4 Measuring scale of 4-20 mA

A (ampere) measurement
Set up the multimeter to measure A (ampere) as shown in
Connect the red and black test leads to the 10 A input terminal A and COM
NOTE respectively. The meter is set to A measurement automatically when the
red test lead is plugged into the A terminal.
Black Lead
Red Lead
Figure 2-5 A (ampere) current measurement

Frequency Counter
• Use the frequency counter for low voltage applications only. Never use
WA R N I N G the frequency counter for line power system.
• For inputs more than 30 Vpp, you are required to use frequency
measurement mode available under the current or voltage
measurement instead of frequency counter.
Set up the multimeter to measure frequency as shown in

• Press to select the Frequency counter (Hz) function. “-1-“ on

NOTE the secondary display means the input signal frequency is divided by 1.
This allows signals of up to a maximum frequency of 985 kHz to be
measured.
• If the reading is unstable or is zero, press to select the division
of the input signal frequency by 100. This allows for a higher frequency
range of up to 20 MHz to be measured.
• The signal is out of range if the reading is still unstable after the above
step.
• While the secondary display shows “-1-“, you may scroll through the
pulse width (ms), duty cycle (%), and frequency (Hz) measurements by
pressing .

Hz
Black Lead
Red Lead
Figure 2-6 Measuring frequency

Measuring Resistance, Conductance and Testing Continuity

Disconnect the circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors
CAUTION before measuring the resistance to prevent any possible damage to the
multimeter or the device under test.
Set up the multimeter to measure resistance as shown in

Figure 2- 7. Then probe the test points (by shunting the
resistor) and read the display.
nS
Ω
Black Lead
Red Lead
Figure 2-7 Measuring resistance

Press to scroll through audible continuity, conductance

and resistance tests as shown in Table 2- 8.
Press
SHIFT
Audible
continuity
Press
MAX
Press
SHIFT
Figure 2-8 Audible continuity, conductance, and resistance test.

Audible continuity
In the range of 0–500 Ω, the beeper will sound if the
resistance value falls below 10 Ω. For other ranges, the
beeper will sound if the resistance falls below the typical
values indicated in Table 2- 3 below.
Table 2-3 Audible continuity measurement range
Measurement range Beeper sound threshold
500.00 Ω < 10 Ω
5.0000 kΩ < 100 Ω
50.000 kΩ < 1 kΩ
500.00 kΩ < 10 kΩ
5.0000 MΩ < 100 kΩ
50.000 MΩ < 1 MΩ
500.00 MΩ < 10 MΩ
Conductance
Set up the multimeter to measure conductance as shown in
The conductance measurement enables the measurement of
very high resistance of up to 100 GΩ.
As the high- resistance readings are susceptible to noise, you

can capture the average readings by using the Dynamic
Recording mode. Refer to the section “Dynamic
Recording” on page 50 for more information.

nS
Ω
MAX
Black Lead
Red Lead
Figure 2-9 Conductance measurement

Testing Diodes
Disconnect the circuit power and discharge all the high-voltage capacitors
CAUTION before testing the diodes to prevent any possible damage to the meter.
To test a diode, turn the power off to the circuit and remove
the diode from the circuit. Set up the multimeter as shown
in Figure 2- 10, then use the red probe lead on the positive
terminal (anode) and use the black probe lead on the
negative terminal (cathode) and read the display.
• The cathode is the side with band(s).

NOTE
• The meter can display the diode’s forward bias of up to approximately
2.1 V. A typical diode’s forward bias is between the range of 0.3 V to
0.8 V.
Next, reverse the probes and measure the voltage across the
diodes again as shown in Figure 2- 11 on page 40. The
diode’s test result is based on the following:
• The diode is considered good if the meter displays “OL”
in reverse bias mode.
• The diode is considered shorted if the meter displays
approximately 0 V in both forward and reverse bias
modes, and the meter beeps continuously.
• The diode is considered open if the meter displays “OL”
in both forward and reverse bias modes.

Hz
Black Lead
Red Lead
Figure 2-10 Measuring forward bias of diode

Hz
Black Lead
Red Lead
Figure 2-11 Measuring reverse bias of diode

Measuring Capacitance
Disconnect the circuit power and discharge all the high-voltage capacitors
CAUTION before measuring the capacitance to prevent any possible damage to the
meter or the device under test. To confirm that the capacitors have
discharged, use the DC voltage function.
The meter measures capacitance by charging the capacitor

with a known current for a period of time, measuring the
voltage and then calculating the capacitance. The larger the
capacitor, the longer the charge time. Below are some tips
for measuring capacitance:
• For measuring capacitance greater than 10,000 µF,
discharge the capacitor first, then select a suitable
range for the measurement. This will speed up
measuring time in order to obtain the correct
capacitance value.
• For measuring smaller capacitance ranges, press
with the test leads open to subtract any residual
capacitance from the meter or the leads.
means the capacitor is charging. means the capacitor is

NOTE discharging.
Set up the multimeter as shown in Figure 2- 12. Use the red

probe lead on the positive terminal of the capacitor and the
black probe lead on the negative terminal and read the
display.

TEMP
Red Lead
Black Lead
Figure 2-12 Capacitance measurements

Measuring Temperature
Do not bend the thermocouple leads at sharp angles. Repeated bending
CAUTION over a period of time may break the leads.
The bead type thermocouple probe is suitable for making

temperature measurements between –20 °C to 200 °C in
PTFE compatible environments.
Do not use the bead- type thermocouple probe beyond the
recommended operating temperature range. Do not immerse
this thermocouple probe in liquids. For best results, use a
thermocouple probe designed for each application — an
immersion probe for liquid or gel and an air probe for air
measurements.
Set up the multimeter to measure temperature as shown in
Figure 2- 15 or observe the following steps:
1 Press to select the temperature measurement.
2 Connect the miniture thermal probe into the
non- compensation transfer adaptor as shown in
Figure 2- 13.
3 Connect the thermal probe with the adapter into the
meter input terminals as shown in Figure 2- 14.
4 For best performance, place the meter in the operating
environment for at least one hour to stabilize the unit to
environment temperatures.
5 Clean the measurement surface and make sure the probe
is securely touching the surface. Remember to disable the
applied power.
6 When measuring above the ambient temperature, move the
thermocouple along the surface until you get the highest
temperature reading.
7 When measuring below ambient temperature, move the
thermocouple along the surface until you get the lowest
temperature reading.

8 For a quick measurement, use the 0 °C compensation

adapter to see the temperature variation of the
thermocouple sensor. The 0 °C compensation adapter
assists in measuring the relative temperature immediately.
Figure 2-13 Connecting the thermal probe into the non-compensation

transfer adapter
Figure 2-14 Connecting the probe with adapter into the multimeter

If you are working in a constantly varying environment,

where ambient temperatures are not constant, do the
following:
1 Press to select 0 °C compensation. This gives a

quick measurement of the relative temperature.
2 Avoid contact between the thermocouple probe and the
measurement surface.
3 After a constant reading is obtained, press to set
the reading as the relative reference temperature.
4 Touch the measurement surface with the thermocouple
probe.
5 Read the display for the relative temperature.

TEMP
Figure 2-15 Surface temperature measurement

Alerts and Warning During Measurement
Overload alert
For your safety, look out for this alert. When you are alerted,
WA R N I N G immediately remove the test leads from the measuring source.
The meter provides an overload alert for voltage

measurements in both auto and manual range modes. The
meter beeps periodically once the measuring voltage exceeds
1010 V. For your safety, please be aware of this alert.
Input warning
The meter sounds an alert beep when the test lead is
inserted into the A input terminal but the rotary switch is
not set to the corresponding mA.A location. The primary
display indicates a flashing “A- Err” until the test lead is
removed from the A input terminal. Refer to Figure 2- 16.
Figure 2-16 Input terminal warning

Charge terminal alert

The meter sounds an alert beep when the terminal
detects a voltage level of more than 5 V and the rotary
switch is not set to the corresponding location. The
primary display indicates a flashing “Ch.Err” until the lead
is removed from the input terminal.
Refer to Figure 2- 17 below.
Figure 2-17 Charge terminal alert

3
Functions and Features
Dynamic Recording 50
Data Hold (Trigger Hold) 52
Refresh Hold 53
Null (Relative) 55
Decibel Display 57
1 ms Peak Hold 59
Data Logging 61
Manual logging 61
Interval logging 63
Reviewing logged data 65
Square Wave Output (for U1252A) 67
Remote Communication 71
This chapter contains information on the functions and

features that are available for the U1251A and U1252A
digital multimeter.
3 Features and Functions
Dynamic Recording
The Dynamic Recording mode can be used to detect
intermittent turn- on or turn- off voltage, current surges or to
verify measurement performance without you being present
during the process. While the readings are being recorded,
you are free to perform other tasks.
The average reading is useful for smoothing out unstable

inputs, estimating the percentage of time a circuit is
operating and verifying circuit performance. The elapsed
time is shown on the secondary display. The maximum time
is 99999 seconds. When this maximum time is exceeded, “OL”
is shown on the display.
1 Press for more than 1 second to enter Dynamic

Recording mode. The meter is now in continuous mode or
non- data hold (non- trigger) mode. “MAXMINAVG” and
the present value of measurement are displayed. The
multimeter will beep when a new maximum or minimum
value is recorded.
2 Press to cycle through maximum, minimum,
average, and present readings. The MAX, MIN, AVG, and
MAXMINAVG indicators will appear, corresponding to the
displayed readings.
3 Press or for more than 1 second to exit
Dynamic Recording mode.
• Press to restart the dynamic recording.

NOTE
• The average value is the true average of all the measured values taken
in the Dynamic Recording mode. If an overload is recorded, the
averaging function will stop and the average value becomes
"OL"(overload). is disabled in Dynamic Recording mode.

Features and Functions 3
Press Max Min

for > 1 sec Press Max Min
Press Max Min for > 1 sec
or press for > 1 sec
Press Max Min
Press Max Min
Figure 3-1 Dynamic recording mode operation

Data Hold (Trigger Hold)

The data hold function allows the user to freeze the
displayed digital value.
1 Press to freeze the displayed value and to enter the
manual trigger mode. TRIG is displayed.
2 Press again to freeze the next value being
measured. TRIG flashes before the new value is updated
on the display.
3 Press and hold or for more than 1 second to
quit the data hold function.
Press
Press
Press
Figure 3-2 Data hold mode operation

Refresh Hold
The Refresh Hold function allows you to freeze the displayed
value. The bar- graph is not held and will continue to reflect
the instantaneous measured value. You can use the Setup
mode to enable Refresh Hold mode when you are working
with fluctuating values. This function will auto trigger or
update the held value with a new measured value and emit
a tone as a reminder.
1 Press to enter Refresh Hold mode. The present

value will be held and the symbol will appear.
2 It will be ready to hold a new measured value once the
variation of measured values exceeds the variation count
setting. While the multimeter is waiting for a new stable
value, the symbol will flash.
3 The symbol will stop flashing once the new
measured value is stable and the new value will be
updated to the display. The symbol will remain on and
the multimeter will emit a tone to remind you of this.
4 Press again to quit the Refresh Hold function.

Press
Variation counts
> setting
The HOLD sign flashes

until the measured
value is stable and
updated
Measurement
is updated
Press to return
Figure 3-3 Refresh hold mode operation
• For voltage and current measurements, the holding value will not be
NOTE updated if the reading is below 500 counts.
• For resistance and diode measurements, the holding value will not be
updated if the reading is in “OL” (open state).
• The holding value may not be updated when the reading does not reach
a stable state for all measurements.

Null (Relative)
The Null function subtracts a stored value from the present
measurement and displays the difference between the two.
1 Press to store the displayed reading as the

reference value to be subtracted from subsequent
measurements and to set the display to zero. NULL is
displayed.
2 Press to see the stored reference value. NULL

flashes for 3 seconds before the display returns to zero.
3 To exit this mode, press while NULL is flashing on
the display.
• Null can be set for both auto and manual range settings, but not in the
NOTE event of an overload.
• When taking a resistance measurement and the meter reads a
non-zero value due to the presence of test leads, use the Null function
to adjust the display to zero.
• When taking a DC voltage measurement, the thermal effect will
influence the accuracy. Short the test leads and press Null once the
displayed value is stable in order to zero out the display.

Press
Press
Press
Figure 3-4 Null (relative) mode operation

Decibel Display
The dBm operation calculates the power delivered to a
reference resistance relative to 1 mW and can be applied to
DC V, AC V, and AC + DC V measurements for decibel
conversion. The voltage measurement is converted to dBm by
using the following formula:
The reference resistance may be selected from 1~9999 Ω in

Setup mode. The default value is 50 Ω.
The decibel of voltage is calculated with respect to 1 V. The
equation for the voltage measurement is as follows:
dBV = 20 log10 Vin
1 At the , , or rotary switch position,

press to scroll to the dBm measurement on the
primary display. The secondary display indicates the AC
voltage measurement.
If the rotary switch is at the “~ V” position, press to switch

NOTE between the dBV and the dBm measurements. The dBm or the dBV
measurements can be selected at the ACV position. The selection will be
the reference for other voltage measurements.
2 Press for more than 1 second to exit this mode.

Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press Press
Press
Figure 3-5 dBm/dBV display mode operation

1 ms Peak Hold
The Peak Hold function allows the measurement of peak
voltage for analysis of components such as power
distribution transformers and power factor correction
capacitors. The peak voltage obtained can be used to deter-
mine the crest factor:
Crest factor = Peak value/True RMS value
1 Press for more than 1 second to toggle 1 ms Peak

Hold mode ON / OFF.
2 Press to scroll through maximum and minimum
peak readings. MAX indicates the maximum peak,
while MIN indicates the minimum peak.
• If the reading is "OL", press to change the measuring range and

NOTE to re-start the peak-recording measurement.
• If you need to re-start the peak recording, press .
3 Press and hold or for more than 1 second

to exit this mode.
4 According to the measurements shown in Figure 3- 6 on
page 60, the crest Factor will be 2.5048/1.768 =1.416.

Press
Press
Press
Press
Press Press
Figure 3-6 1 ms peak hold mode operation

Data Logging
The data logging function provides the convenience of
recording test data for future review or analysis. Since data
is stored in nonvolatile memory, the data remains saved
even if the multimeter is turned OFF or the battery is
changed.
The two options offered are manual (hand) logging and
interval (time) logging functions, which is determined in the
Setup mode.
Data logging records the values on the primary display only.
To use the data logging function, you will need to connect the multimeter
NOTE to a PC using the U1173A IR-to-USB cable (purchased separately) and
download the data logging software from Agilent’s website. Please go to:
http://www.agilent.com/find/hhTechLib to download the software.
Manual logging
Firstly, ensure that manual (hand) logging is specified in
Setup mode.
1 Press for more than 1 second to store the present

value and function on the primary display to the
nonvolatile memory. The and the logging index
will be indicated. The logging index flashes on the
secondary display for 3 seconds before returning to
normal display.
2 Press and hold again for the next value that you
would like to save into the memory.

Press
Press
Figure 3-7 Hand (Manual) logging mode operation
The maximum data that can be stored is 100 entries. When the 100 entries
NOTE are filled, the secondary display indicates “FULL”, as shown in Figure 3-8.
Press
Figure 3-8 Full Log

Interval logging
Firstly, ensure that interval (time) logging is specified in
Setup mode.
1 Press for more than 1 second to store the present

value and function on the primary display into the
nonvolatile memory. The and the logging index will
be indicated. The readings are automatically saved into
the permanent memory at intervals set using the Setup
mode.
The maximum data that can be stored is 200 entries. When the 200 entries
NOTE are filled, “FULL” is indicated on the secondary display.
2 Press for more than 1 second to exit this mode.
When interval (automatic) logging is enabled, all keypad operations are

NOTE disabled, except for the Log function.

Press
Press
Press
Figure 3-9 Interval (Automatic) logging mode operation

Reviewing logged data

1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Log
Review mode. The last recorded entry and the last logging
index are displayed.
2 Press to switch between hand (manual) and interval
(automatic) logging review mode.
3 Press to ascend or to descend through the logged
data. Press to select the first record and press to
select the last record for quick navigation.
4 Press for more than 1 second at the respective Log

Review mode to clear logged data.
5 Press for more than 1 second to exit mode.
6 During the data review in either manual or interval

logging mode, press for more than one second to
clear all the logged values.

Press
Press
Press Press
Press Press Press Press
Press
Press Press Press Press
Press
Press Press
Press Press
Press
Figure 3-10 Log review mode operation

Square Wave Output (for U1252A)

The square wave output function can be used to generate a
Press PWM (pulse width modulation) output or provide a synchro-
nous clock source (baud rate generator). You can also use
this function to check and calibrate flow- meter displays,
counters, tachometers, oscilloscopes, frequency converters,
frequency transmitters, and other frequency input devices.
1 Turn the rotary switch to position. The default

display setting is 600 Hz on the secondary display and
50% duty cycle on the primary display.
2 Press or to scroll through the available frequencies
(choose from the available 28 frequencies):
Frequency (Hz)
0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 80, 100, 120, 150, 200, 240, 300, 400, 480, 600, 800, 1200, 1600,
2400, 4800
Pressing is the same as pressing .

NOTE
3 Press to select the duty cycle (%) on the primary

display.
4 Press or to adjust the duty cycle. Duty cycle can
be set for 256 steps and each step is 0.390625%. The
display only indicates the best resolution with 0.001%.

Figure 3-11 Frequency adjustment for square wave output
5 Press to select the pulse width (ms) on the primary

display.
6 Press or to adjust the pulse width. The pulse
width can be set for 256 steps and each step is 1/ (256 x
Frequency). The display range automatically adjusts in the
range of 9.9999~9999.9 ms.

Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 3-12 Pulse width adjustment for square wave output

Figure 3-13 Duty cycle adjustment for Square Wave

Remote Communication
The meter has a bi- directional (full duplex) communication
capability that speeds data storing from the meter to the PC.
To use this feature, you are required to use the optional
IR- USB cable with the application software included in the
CD or downloadable from the Agilent Web site.
For details on performing PC to meter remote

communication click on Help after launching the Agilent GUI
Data Logger Software or refer to the GUI Data Logger Quick
Start Guide (U1251- 90023) for more information.
Connect
to PC
Figure 3-14 Cable connection for remote communication


4
Changing The Default Setting
Selecting Setup Mode 74
Setting Data Logging Mode 78
Setting Thermocouple Types (U1252A only) 79
Setting Reference Impedance for dBm Measurement 80
Setting Minimum Frequency Measurement 81
Setting Temperature Unit 82
Setting Auto Power Saving Mode 84
Setting Percentage (%) Scale Readout 86
Setting Beep Frequency 87
Setting Backlight Timer 88
Setting Baud Rate 89
Setting Parity Check 90
Setting Data Bit 91
Setting Echo Mode 92
Setting Print Mode 93
Returning to Default Factory Settings 94
This chapter shows you how to change the default factory

settings of the U1251A and U1252A and other available
setting options
Selecting Setup Mode

To enter the Setup mode, perform the following steps:
1 Turn the meter OFF.
2 From the OFF position, press and hold while
turning the rotary switch to any non- OFF position.
When you hear a beep, the meter is in Setup mode and you can release
NOTE
To change a menu item setting in Setup mode, perform the

following steps:
1 Press or to scroll through the menu items.
2 Press or to scroll through the available settings.
See Table 4- 1, “Available setting options in Setup mode,”
for details of available options.
3 Press to save changes. These parameters will remain
in the nonvolatile memory.
4 Press for more than 1 second to exit Setup mode.

Changing The Default Setting 4
Table 4-1 Available setting options in Setup mode

Menu Item Available setting options Default factory
Display Description Display Description setting
OFF Enables Data Hold (manual trigger)

rHoLd [1] Refresh Hold Sets the variation count that determines Refresh 500
100–1000
Hold (auto trigger)
Enables the reset of factory settings by pressing
rESEt Reset dEFAU dEFAU
and holding for more than 1 second
Enables auto send of data to the PC continuously

Print Print ON, OFF OFF
when set to ON
Enables the return of characters to the PC when
ECHO Echo ON, OFF OFF
set to ON
Sets the data bit length for the remote
dAtAb Data bits 7-bit, 8-bit 8-bit
communication (remote control with PC)
Sets the even, odd or no parity check for the
PArtY Parity check En, Odd, nOnE nOnE
remote communication (remote control with PC)
2400 Hz, 4800
Sets the baud rate for the remote communication
bAUd Baud rate Hz, 9600 Hz, 9600 Hz
(remote control with PC)
19200 Hz
Sets the timer for the auto turn-off for the backlit
1–99 s [2] display
b-Lit Backlit display 30 s
OFF Disables the auto turn-off for the backlit display
2400 Hz, 1200
Frequency of beep Hz, 600 Hz, Sets the frequency of the meter’s beep sound
bEEP 300 Hz 2400 Hz
sound of meter
OFF Disables the meter’s beep sound
0–20 mA, 4–20
PErnt Percentage scale Sets the % scale readout 4–20 mA
mA
1–99 m [2] Sets the timer for auto power off
APF Auto power off 10 m
OFF Disables auto power off
Minimum frequency 0.5 Hz, 1 Hz, 2 Sets the minimum frequency that can be
FrEq 0.5 Hz
that can be measured Hz, 5 Hz measured
Reference impedance Sets the reference impedance for dBm 50 Ω
rEF 1–9999 Ω [2]
for dBm measurement measurement

Table 4-1 Available setting options in Setup mode (continued)

tYPE K Sets the thermocouple type to K-type
t.CoUP [3] Thermocouple tYPE K
tYPE J Sets the thermocouple type to J-type
Hand Enables manual data logging
d-LoG Data logging Hand
[2] Sets the interval for automatic data logging
1–9999 s
Sets the temperature measurement to °C but
d-CF
pressing swaps the display to °F
d-F Sets the temperature measurement to °F

[4] d-CF
tEMP Temperature Sets the temperature measurement to °F but
pressing
d-FC
swaps display to °C
d-C Sets the temperature measurement to °C

Notes for setting options in Setup mode:
1 This is the first option displayed once the user enters Setup mode.
2 For b-Lit, APF, rEF and d-LoG menu items, the user can select the digit to be adjusted by pressing
3 This menu option is only available for the U1252A.
4 To view the tEMP menu item, press for more than 1 second.

Setting Data Hold/Refresh Hold Mode

1. Set OFF to enable the Data Hold mode (manual trigger by
key or bus via the remote control).
2. Set the variation count within the 100 to 1000 range to
enable the Refresh Hold mode (auto trigger). When the
variation of the measuring value exceeds the setting of the
variation count the Refresh Hold will be ready to trigger.
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-1 Data hold/Refersh hold setup

Setting Data Logging Mode

1 Set to “Hand” to enable the manual data logging mode.
2 Set the interval within 0001 to 9999 seconds to enable
interval (automatic) data logging mode.
3 Press and hold or for more than 1 second to switch
between manual and interval data logging setup.
Press
Press
Press Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-2 Data logging setup

Setting Thermocouple Types (U1252A only)

The thermocouple sensor types that can be selected are
type- K (default) or type- J. Press or to switch
between the J and the K type.
Press
Figure 4-3 Thermocouple type setup

Setting Reference Impedance for dBm Measurement

The reference impedance can be set from 1 to 9999 W. The
default value is 50 W.
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-4 Reference impedance for dBm measurement setup

Setting Minimum Frequency Measurement

The minimum frequency setup influences the measuring
rates for frequency, duty cycle, and pulse width. The typical
measuring rate defined at the general specification is based
on the minimum frequency of 1 Hz.
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-5 Minimum frequency setup

Setting Temperature Unit

Four combination displays are available:
• Celsius only (°C on primary display) single display setting

• Celsius- Fahrenheit (d- CF) and Fahrenheit- Celsius (d- FC)
dual display setting.
Primary-Secondary Display can be swapped by pressing .

NOTE
• Fahrenheit only (°F on primary display) single display

setting.

Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-6 Temperature unit setup

Setting Auto Power Saving Mode

• The timer for APF (Auto Power OFF) can be set for the
range of 1 to 99 minutes.
• To activate the meter after it has “auto powered- off”, turn
the rotary switch to the OFF position. Then turn it back
on again.
• will be shown on the display during subsequent

measurements.

Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-7 Auto power saving setup

Setting Percentage (%) Scale Readout

This setting converts the DC current measuring display to
percentage (%) scale readout — 4—20 mA or 0—20 mA as
proportional to 0~100%. The 25% scale readout represents
DC 8 mA at 4—20 mA and DC 5 mA at 0—20 mA.
Press
Figure 4-8 % scale readout setup

Setting Beep Frequency

The driving frequency can be set to 2400, 1200, 600,
or 300Hz. “OFF” disables the beep.
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-9 Beep frequency setup

Setting Backlight Timer

• The timer can be set to 1 to 99 seconds. The backlight
will turn off automatically after the set period.
• “0FF” disables turning off backlit automatically.
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-10 Backlit timer setup

Setting Baud Rate

Select the baud rate for remote control. The available
settings are 2400, 4800, 9600, and 19200 Hz.
Press
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-11 Baud rate setup remote control

Setting Parity Check

Select the parity check for remote control. It can be set to
none, even, or odd bit.
Press
Press
Press
Press
Figure 4-12 Parity check setup

Setting Data Bit

Select the data bit for remote control. It can be set to either
8 or 7 bits.
Press
Figure 4-13 Data bit setup for remote control

Setting Echo Mode

• Echo ON enables the return of characters to the PC in
remote communication.
• Echo OFF disables the return of characters to the PC.
Press
Figure 4-14 Echo mode setup for remote control

Setting Print Mode

Print ON enables the printing of measured data to the PC
when the measuring cycle is completed. In this mode, the
meter automatically sends the newest data to the host
continuously but does not accept any commands from the
host. flashes during the Print operation.
Press
Figure 4-15 Print mode setup for remote control

Returning to Default Factory Settings

• Press for more than 1 second to reset to the
default factory settings all menu options except the
Temperature setting.
• The Reset menu item automatically reverts to Refresh
Hold menu item after reset has taken place.
Press Press
for > 1 sec
Figure 4-16 Reset setup

5
Maintenance
Introduction 96
General maintenance 96
Battery replacement 96
Storage considerations 98
Charging the battery 98
Fuse checking procedure 105
Replacing the fuse 106
Troubleshooting 108
Replaceable Parts 109
To order replaceable parts 109
This chapter will go through how to troubleshoot the

handheld digital multimeter if any problems arise.
5 Maintenance
Introduction
Any repair or service which is not covered in this manual should only
CAUTION
be performed by qualified personnel.
General maintenance
Ensure that the terminal connections are correct for that particular
WA R N I N G
measurement before proceeding. To avoid damaging the device, do not
exceed the input limit.
Besides the above hazard, dirt, or moisture in the terminals

can distort readings. The steps for cleaning are as follows:
1 Turn the meter off and remove the test leads.

2 Turn the meter over and shake out any dirt that may
have accumulated in the terminals.
3 Wipe the case with a damp cloth and a mild detergent —
do not use abrasives or solvents. Wipe the contacts in
each terminal with a clean swab dipped in alcohol.
Battery replacement
The meter is powered by a 9 V Ni- MH rechargeable battery,
7.2 V nominal voltage. Use only the specified type (refer to
Figure 5- 1 below).
To ensure that the correct battery type is used, replace the
battery immediately when the low battery sign flashes. If
your meter has the rechargeable battery type, refer to the
section “Charging the battery” on page 98. The steps for
battery replacement are listed below:

Maintenance 5
Figure 5-1 9 V rectangular battery
1 At the rear panel, turn the screw on the battery cover

from the LOCK to the OPEN position (counterclockwise).
2 Slide down the battery cover.
3 Lift the battery cover up.
4 Replace the specified battery.
5 Reverse the above steps to close the cover.
List of compatible batteries for the Agilent U1251A :

NOTE
• 9 V Alkaline non-chargeable battery (ANSI/NEDA 1604A or IEC 6LR61)
• 9 V Carbon-zinc non-chargeable battery (ANSI/NEDA 1604D or IEC6F22)
List of of compatible batteries for the Agilent U1252A:
• 9 V size 300 mAH Ni-MH rechargeable battery, 7.2 V nominal voltage, or
8.4 V nominal voltage
• 9 V Alkaline non-chargeable battery (ANSI/NEDA 1604A or IEC 6LR61)
• 9 V Carbon-zinc non-chargeable battery (ANSI/NEDA 1604D or IEC6F22)

5 Maintenance
Storage considerations
To avoid instrument damage from battery leakage:

CAUTION
• Always remove dead batteries immediately.
• It is recommended that the battery is removed and stored separately if
the multimeter is to be unused for long periods of time.
After the first charge, it is recommended that you fully

charge the battery periodically, even when it is not in use.
This is because the Ni- MH rechargeable battery pack may
drain with time.
The performance of the rechargeable battery may degrade with time.

NOTE
Charging the battery
Never discharge the battery by shorting it or by reverse polarity in any

WA R N I N G subjects. Make sure the battery is the rechargeable type before
charging it. Never rotate the rotary switch when the battery is being
charged as DC at 24 V is being applied to the charging terminals.
For the battery charger, the mains supply voltage should not fluctuate by
NOTE plus or minus 10%.

Maintenance 5
CAUTION
• Do not rotate the rotary switch from position when

charging the battery.
• Perform battery charging only with a 9 V Ni-MH rechargeable
battery (7.2 V nominal voltage) or 9 V size Ni-MH rechargeable
battery (8.4 V nominal voltage).
• Disconnect test leads from all the terminals when charging.
• Ensure proper insertion of battery in the multimeter and follow the
correct polarity.
Use the specified 24 V DC adaptor to charge the battery.

Remember never to turn the rotary switch of the meter
when the battery is being charged. Use the following steps to
charge the battery:
1 Disconnect the test leads from the meter.
2 Turn the rotary switch to the position. Connect
the power cord to the DC adapter.
3 Plug the Red (+)/ Black (–) banana terminals of the DC
adapter to the and the “COM” terminals
respectively. The DC adaptor can be replaced with a DC
power supply in order to set the 24 V DC output and the
over current limitation to a value more than 0.5 A.
Ensure that the polarity of the connection is correct.
4 The primary display will show “bAt” and the ‘SbY” will be
shown on the secondary display and a short beep will
sound to remind you whether you need to charge the
battery. Press SHIFT to start charging the battery, or the
meter will automatically start the self- test after the 24 V
supply is applied. It is recommended that you do not
charge if the battery’s capacity is over 90%.

5 Maintenance
Table 5-1 Battery voltage and corresponding percentage of charges in standby and charging modes
Condition Battery voltage Proportional percentage
Trickle (SBY) 6.0 V to 8.2 V 0% to 100%
Charging 7.2 V to 10.0 V 0% to 100%
Figure 5-2 Battery capacity display as trickle
5 After pressing Shift or when the self- test starts, the meter
performs a self- test to check if the battery in the meter is
the rechargeable type. The self- test takes about 2 to 3
minutes. Avoid pressing any button during the self- test. A
message is diplayed as shown below.
Figure 5-3 Self-test

Maintenance 5
Table 5-2 Error messages

Error Error message
OL
1 No battery inside
2 Faulty battery
3 Battery is fully charged
C-Err
1 If charging battery more than 12 V or

less than 5 V
2 In 3 minutes, if the battery voltage
does not go upwards then charge
error

5 Maintenance
• If the OL message appears while the battery is inside, do not charge the battery.
NOTE • If the C-Err message appears, check if the battery is the specified type. Use the
battery as specified in this manual. Ensure that the battery is the correct
rechargeable type before charging it again. After replacing with the correct
rechargeable battery, press Shift to perform the self-test again. If the C-Err
message reappears, replace with a new battery.
6 The smart charging mode will start if the meter passes

the self- test. The charging time is limited to not more
than 220 minutes. The secondary display will count down
the charging time. During charging, no buttons can be
pressed. The error message may appear during charging to
alert the user of any overcharging of the battery.
Figure 5-4 Charging mode

Maintenance 5
7 The charge end message (C–End) appears on the

secondary display once charging is completed. The trickle
charging current is provided to maintain the battery
capacity. The flashing signs of and appear to
show the trickle state.
8 Remove the DC adapter when the C–End message appears
on the secondary display. Do not turn the rotary switch
before removing the adapter from the terminals.
Figure 5-5 Charge end and trickle state

5 Maintenance
Press
Figure 5-6 Battery charging procedure

Maintenance 5
Fuse checking procedure

It is recommended that you check the fuses of the
multimeter before using it. Follow the instructions below to
test the fuses inside the multimeter. Refer to Figure 5- 8 for
the respective positions of Fuse 1 and Fuse 2.
1 Set the rotary switch to .
2 Connect the red test lead to the input terminal .
3 To test Fuse 1, place the tip of the test probe on the right
half of input terminal . Ensure that the probe tip
touches the metal inside the input terminal, as shown in the
figure above.

5 Maintenance
4 To test Fuse 2, place and touch the tip of the test probe
on the right half of input terminal . Ensure that the
probe tip touches the metal inside the input terminal.
5 Observe the reading on the instrument's display. Refer to
Table 5- 3 for the possible readings that could appear).
6 Replace the fuse when OL is displayed.
Table 5-3 Measurement readings for fuse checking
Fuse OK (approximately) Replace fuse

Current input terminal Fuse Fuse rating
Displayed readings
1 440 mA/1000 V 6.2 MΩ OL
2 11 A/1000 V 0.06 Ω OL
Replacing the fuse

This manual provides only the fuse replacement procedures, but not the
NOTE fuse replacement markings.
Follow the procedures below to replace the fuse.

1 Turn the meter off and disconnect the test leads from the
external equipment. Make sure to remove the adaptor.
2 Wear clean/dry gloves and do not touch any other
component except the fuse and plastic parts. The current
calibration is considered shunt only, so do not recalibrate
the meter after replacing the fuse.
3 Remove the battery cover compartment to replace the
fuse.
4 Loosen the three screws on the bottom case and remove
the cover.
5 Loosen the two screws on the top corners to lift the
circuit board.

Maintenance 5
6 Gently remove the defective fuse by prying one end of the

fuse loose and removing it out of the fuse bracket.
7 Replace with a new fuse of the same size and rating.
Make sure the new fuse is centered in the fuse holder.
8 Ensure that the rotary switch on the top case and the
circuit board switch stay on the OFF position.
9 Then re- fasten the circuit board and the bottom cover.
10 Refer to the table below for the part number, rate, and
size of the fuses.
Table 5-4 Fuse specifications

Fuse Agilent part number Rating Size Type
1 2110-1400 440 mA/1000 V 10 mm × 35 mm
Fast blow fuse
2 2110-1402 11 A/1000 V 10 mm × 38 mm
Fuse 1
Fuse 2
Figure 5-7 Fuse replacement

5 Maintenance
Troubleshooting
To avoid electrical shock, do not perform any service unless you are
WA R N I N G qualified to do so.
If the instrument fails to operate, check the battery and the

test leads. Replace them if necessary. And if the instrument
still does not function, check the operating procedures in
this manual. When servicing, use only specified replacement
parts. Table 5- 5 below will assist you to identify some basic
problems and their solutions.
Table 5-5 Basic troubleshooting procedures

Malfunction Troubleshooting procedure
No LCD display after power ON • Check the battery. Charge or replace it.
No beeper tone • Check the setup mode to verify if the beeper is set to OFF. Then select the
desired driving frequency.
Fail on current measurement • Check the fuse.
No charging indication [1] • Check 440 mA fuse.

• Check the external adaptor to verify if the output is DC 24 V and the adaptor is
plugged into the charging terminals completely.
• Line power voltage (100V~240 VAC 50 Hz/ 60 Hz).
Battery life very short after full • Check if the correct rechargeable battery is used.
charge/Battery not able to charge • Try to charge and discharge for 2 or 3 cycles in order to maintain the battery’s
after pro-long storage period highest capacity.
• NOTE: The performance of the rechargeable battery may degrade with time.
Fail on Remote control • Check that the optical side of the cable is connected to the meter and the text
side of the cover is up.
• Check the baud rate, parity, Data bit, Stop bit (default is 9600, n, 8, 1)
• Driver install for IR-USB.
Notes for basic troubleshooting procedures table:
1 Never turn the rotary switch of the multimeter from the OFF position when it is charging.

Maintenance 5
Replaceable Parts
This section contains information for ordering replacement
parts for your instrument. you can find the instrument
support part list at Agilent’s Test & Measurement Parts
Catalog at: http://www.agilent.com/find/parts
The parts lists include a brief description of each part with
applicable Agilent part number.
To order replaceable parts

You can order replaceable parts from Agilent using the
Agilent part number. Note that not all parts listed are
available as field- replaceable parts.
To order replaceable parts from Agilent, do the following:
1 Contact your nearest Agilent Sales Office or Service
Center.
2 Identify the parts by the Agilent part number shown in
the support parts list.
3 Provide the instrument model number and serial number.

5 Maintenance

6
Performance Tests and Calibration
Calibration Overview 112

Closed-case electronic calibration 112
Agilent Technologies calibration services 112
Calibration interval 113
Adjustment is recommended 113
Recommended Test Equipment 114
Basic Operating Test 115
Backlit test 115
Testing the display 115
Current terminal test 116
Charge terminal alert test 117
Test Considerations 118
Calibration Security 119
Performance Verification Tests 120
Unsecuring the instrument for calibration 128
Calibration process 131
Using the front panel for adjustments 132
Adjustments Consideration 133
Valid adjustment input values 134
Adjustment procedure 135
Finishing the adjustment 142
Calibration errors 143
This chapter contains the performance test and the

adjustment procedure.

Calibration Overview
This manual contains procedures to verify the instrument’s
performance and adjustment (calibration).
The performance test procedures allow you to verify that the
handheld digital multimeter is operating within its published
specifications. The adjustment procedures ensure that the
multimeter remains within its specifications until the next
calibration.
Make sure you have read the “Test Considerations” on page 118 before
NOTE calibrating the instrument.
Closed-case electronic calibration

This instrument features closed- case electronic calibration.
No internal mechanical adjustments are required. The
instrument calculates correction factors based upon the
input reference value you set. The new correction factors are
stored in the nonvolatile memory until the next calibration
adjustment is performed. The nonvolatile EEPROM
calibration memory is retained even when the power is
switched off.
Agilent Technologies calibration services

When your instrument is due for calibration, contact your
local Agilent Service Center to enquire about recalibration
services.

Performance Tests and Calibration 7
Calibration interval
A 1- year interval is adequate for most applications. Accuracy
specifications are warranted only if adjustment is made at
regular calibration intervals. Accuracy specifications are not
warranted beyond the 1- year calibration interval. Agilent
does not recommend extending calibration intervals beyond
2 years for any application.
Adjustment is recommended
Specifications are only guaranteed within the period stated
from the last adjustment. Agilent recommends that
readjustment should be performed during the calibration
process for best performance. This will ensure that the
U1251A/U1252A will remain within the specifications for the
next calibration interval. This criterion for the readjustment
provides the best long–term stability.
Performance data are measured during the Performance

Verification Tests but this does not guarantee that the
instrument will remain within these limits unless the
adjustments are performed.
Refer to the section “To read the calibration count” on

page 142 and verify that all the adjustments have been
performed.

Recommended Test Equipment

The test equipment recommended for the performance
verification and adjustment procedures is listed below. If the
exact instrument is not available, substitute calibration
standards of equivalent accuracy.
A suggested alternative method would be to use the Agilent
3458A 8½ – Digit Digital Multimeter to measure less
accurate yet stable sources. The output value measured from
the source can be entered into the instrument as the target
calibration value.
Table 6-1 Recommended Test Equipment
Application Recommended equipment Recommended accuracy requirements
DC Voltage Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
DC Current Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Resistance Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
AC Voltage Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
AC Current Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Frequency Agilent 33250A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Capacitance Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Duty Cycle Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Nanosiemens Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Diode Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Frequency
Agilent 33250A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Counter
Temperature Fluke 5520A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Square Wave Agilent 53131A and Agilent 34401A <1/5 instrument 1 year spec
Shorting Plug - Dual banana plug with copper wire

Short –
short between 2 terminal

Basic Operating Test

The Basic Operating Test is to test the basic operability of
the instrument. Repair is required if the instrument fails the
Basic Operating Test.
Backlit test
Press the Bat button to test the backlight. It will
momentarily toggle backlit ON and OFF.
Testing the display

Press the Hold button and turn on the meter to view all
segments of the display. Compare the display with the
example in Figure 6- 1.
Figure 6-1 LCD display

Current terminal test

This test determines if the input warning of the current
terminal test is functioning properly.
The meter sounds an alert beep when the test lead is

inserted into the A terminal but the rotary switch is not set
to mA.A function. The primary display will indicate “A- Err”
as shown in Figure 6- 2. The primary display will keep flash-
ing unless the test lead is removed from “A” terminal.
Before conducting this test, make sure the beep function is not disabled in
NOTE setup.
Figure 6-2 Input warning

Charge terminal alert test

This test determines if the charge terminal alert is operating
properly.
The meter sounds an alert when the terminal
detects a voltage level of more than 5 V and the rotary
switch is not set to the position. The meter sounds

an alert beep and the primary display flashes the “Ch.Err”
until the lead is removed from the terminal.
Figure 6-3 Charge terminal alert
Before conducting this test, make sure the beep function is not disabled at
NOTE setup.

Test Considerations
Long test leads can also act as antennas which may pick up
AC signals.
For optimum performance, all procedures should comply
with the following recommendations:
• Ensure that the calibration ambient temperature is stable
and is between 18 °C and 28 °C. Ideally the calibration
should be performed at 23 °C ± 1 °C.
• Ensure that the ambient relative humidity is less than
80%.
• Allow a warm- up period of five minutes.
• Use shielded twisted pair PTFE- insulated cables to reduce
settling and noise errors. Keep the input cables as short
as possible.

Calibration Security
The calibration security code prevents accidental or
unauthorized adjustments to the instrument. When you first
receive your instrument, it is secured. Before you can adjust
the instrument, you must unsecure it by entering the correct
security code (see “Unsecuring the instrument for
calibration” on page 128).
The security code is set to 1234 when the instrument is

shipped from the factory. This code is stored in nonvolatile
memory, and does not change when power is turned off.
The security code may contain up to 4 numeric characters.
You can unsecure the instrument from the front panel. The security code
NOTE can only be changed from the front panel after the instrument has been
unsecured.
See “To unsecure the instrument without the security code” on page 130 if
you forget your security code.

Performance Verification Tests

Use the Performance Verification Tests to verify the
measurement performance of the instrument. The
performance verification tests use the instrument’s
specifications listed in the U1251A/U1252A Data Sheet.
The performance verification tests are recommended as

acceptance tests when you first receive the instrument. The
acceptance test results should be compared against the one
year test limits. After acceptance, you should repeat the
performance verification tests at every calibration interval.
Make sure you have read the “Test Considerations” on page 118 before
NOTE doing the performance verification tests.
Perform the verification test steps in the following Table 6- 2

Table 6-2 Performance verification test steps
Error from nominal 1 year

Step Test Function Range 5520A Output
U1251A U1252A
1 Turn the rotary switch to the 5V 5 V, 1 kHz ± 32.5 mV ± 22.5 mV
V position [1]
5 V, 10 kHz ± 52.5 mV ± 22.5 mV
5 V, 20 kHz N/A ± 41.5 mV
5 V, 30 kHz ± 84 mV N/A
4.5 V, 100 kHz N/A ± 169.5 mV
50 V 50 V,1 kHz ± 325 mV ± 225 mV
50 V,10 kHz ± 525 mV ± 225 mV
50 V, 20 kHz N/A ± 415 mV
50 V, 30 kHz ± 840 mV N/A
45 V, 100 kHz N/A ± 1.695 V
500 V 500 V, 1 kHz ± 3.25 V ± 2.25 V
500 V, 10 kHz ± 5.25 V ± 2.25V
1000 V 1000 V, 1 kHz ± 10 V ± 8.0 V
2 Press button to go to 9.9999 kHz 0.48 V, 1 kHz ± 500 mHz ± 500 mHz
frequency mode
3 Press button to go to 0.01% – 99.99% 5.0 Vpp @ ± 0.315% ± 0.315%

Duty Cycle mode 50%, Square
Wave, 50 Hz


U1251A U1252A
4 Turn the rotary switch to 5V 5V ± 2 mV ± 1.75 mV
V position (for model U1252A), to
V position (for model
U1251A)
50 V 50 V ± 20 mV ± 17.5 mV
500 V 500 V ± 200 mV ± 200 mV
1000 V 1000 V ± 800 mV ± 800 mV
5 Press button to go to the 5V 5 V,1 kHz N/A ± 22.5 mV

V mode [1]
5 V, 10 kHz N/A ± 22.5 mV
5 V, 20 kHz N/A ± 41.5 mV
4.5 V, 100 kHz N/A ± 169.5 mV
50 V 50 V, 1 kHz N/A ± 225 mV
50 V, 10 kHz N/A ± 225 mV
50 V, 20 kHz N/A ± 415 mV
45 V, 100 kHz N/A ± 1.695 V
500 V 500 V, 1 kHz N/A ± 2.25 V
500 V, 10 kHz N/A ± 2.25 V
1000 V 1000 V, 1 kHz N/A ± 8.0 V


U1251A U1252A
6 Turn the rotary switch to the 50 mV 50 mV ± 75 μV [2] ± 75 μV [2]
mV position
500 mV 500 mV ± 0.2 mV ± 0.175 mV
– 500 mV ± 0.2 mV ± 0.175 mV
1000 mV 1000 mV ± 0.8 mV ± 0.75 mV
– 1000 mV ± 0.8 mV ± 0.75 mV
7 Press button to go to 50 mV 50 mV, 1 kHz ± 0.34 mV ± 0.24 mV

the mV mode [1]
50 mV, 10 kHz ± 0.54 mV ± 0.39 mV
50 mV, 20 kHz N/A ± 0.415 mV
50 mV, 30 kHz ± 0.86 mV N/A
45 mV, 100 kHz N/A ± 1.695 mV
500 mV 500 mV, 45 Hz ± 3.25 mV ± 2.25 mV
500 mV, 1 kHz ± 3.25 mV ± 2.25 mV
500 mV, 10 kHz ± 5.4 mV ± 2.25 mV
500 mV, 20 kHz N/A ± 4.15 mV
500 mV, 30 kHz ± 8.6 mV N/A
450 mV, 100 kHz N/A ± 16.95 mV
1000 mV 1000 mV, 1 kHz ± 8.5 mV ± 6.5 mV
1000 mV, 10 kHz ± 12.5 mV ± 6.5 mV
1000 mV, 20 kHz N/A ± 11.5 mV
1000 mV, 30 kHz ± 20.0 mV N/A
1000 mV, 100 kHz N/A ± 47 mV


U1251A U1252A
8 Turn the rotary switch to the W 500 W 500 W ± 500 mW [3] ± 350 mW [3]
position
5 kW 5 kW ± 4.5 W [3] ± 3 W [3]
50 kW 50 kW ± 45 W ± 30 W
500 kW 500 kW ± 450 W ± 300 W
5 MW 5 MW ± 10.5 kW ± 8 kW
50 MW [4] 50 MW ± 0.510 MW ± 0.505 MW
500 MW 450 MW N/A ± 36.1 MW
9 Press button to go to ns 500 nS [5] 50 nS ± 0.7 nS ± 0.6 nS

mode
10 Turn the rotary switch to the Hz/ Diode 1V ± 1 mV ± 1 mV

position (for model
U1252A), to position (for
model U1251A)
33250A Output
11 Press button to go to 999.99 kHz 200 mVrms, N/A ± 52 Hz

frequency counter mode [6] 100 kHz
12 Press button to go to 99.999 MHz 600 mVrms, N/A ± 5.2 kHz

frequency counter mode divide 10 MHz
by 100
5520A Output
13 Turn the rotary switch to the 10.000 nF 10.000 nF ± 0.108 nF ± 0.108 nF

TEMP/ position [7]
100.00 nF 100.00 nF ± 1.05 nF ± 1.05 nF
1000.0 nF 1000.0 nF ± 10.5 nF ± 10.5 nF
10.000 μF 10.000 μF ± 0.105 μF ± 0.105 μF


U1251A U1252A
100.00 μF 100.00 μF ± 1.05 μF ± 1.05 μF
1000.0 μF 1000.0 μF ± 10.5 μF ± 10.5 μF
10.00 mF 10.00 mF ± 0.105 mF ± 0.105 mF
100.00 mF 10.00 mF ± 0.4 mF ± 0.4 mF
14 Press button to go to –200 ºC until 0 ºC ± 3 ºC ± 3 ºC

TEMP mode [8][13] 1372 ºC
100 ºC ± 3.3 ºC ± 3.3 ºC
15 Turn the rotary swich to the 500 μA 500 μA ± 0.55 μA [9] ± 0.3 μA [9]
uA position
5000 μA 5000 μA ± 5.5 μA [9] ± 3 μA [9]
16 Press button to go to 500 μA 500 μA, 1 kHz ± 4.2 μA ± 3.7 μA

uA mode [1]
500 μA, 20 kHz ± 15.8 μA ± 3.95 μA
5000 μA 5000 μA, 1 kHz ± 42 μA ± 37.0 μA
5000 μA, 20 kHz ± 0.156 mA ± 39.5 μA
17 Turn the rotary switch to the 50 mA 50 mA ± 0.105 mA [9] ± 80 μA [9]

mA.A position
440 mA 400 mA ± 0.93 mA [9] ± 0.71 mA [9]
18 Press button to go to 50 mA 50 mA, 1 kHz ± 0.42 mA ± 0.37 mA

mA mode [1]
50 mA, 20 kHz ± 1.56 mA ± 0.395 mA
440 mA 400 mA, 45 Hz ± 3.4 mA ± 3.0 mA
400 mA, 1 kHz ± 3.4 mA ± 3.0 mA
Caution: Connect calibrator to hanheld multimeter's A and COM terminal before applying 5A and 10A
5A 5A ± 16 mA ± 16 mA
10 A [10] 10 A ± 40 mA ± 35 mA


U1251A U1252A
19 Press button to go to 5A 5 A, 1 kHz ± 42 mA ± 37 mA
A mode
3A 3 A, 5 kHz ± 96 mA ± 96 mA
10 A [11] 10 A, 1 kHz ± 100 mA ± 90 mA
Square Wave Use 53131A

Output
20 Turn the rotary switch to the 120 Hz @ 50% N/A ± 26 mHz

position
4800 Hz @ 50% N/A ± 260 mHz
Duty Cycle 100 Hz @ 50% N/A ± 0.398% [12]
100 Hz @ 25% N/A ± 0.398% [12]
100 Hz @ 75% N/A ± 0.398% [12]
Use 34410A
Amplitude 4800 Hz @ N/A ± 0.2V

99.609%
Notes for verification test:
1 The additional error to be added as frequency > 20 kHz and signal input < 10% of range: 300 counts of LSD per kHz.
2 The accuracy could be 0.05% + 10, always use relative function to zero thermal effect (short test leads) before measuring
the signal.
3 The accuracy of 500 W and 5 kW is specified after the Null function.
4 For range of 50 MW, the RH is specified for < 60%.
5 The accuracy is specified for < 50 nS and after Null function as open test lead.
6 All frequency counters are susceptible to error when measuring low voltage, low-frequency signals. Shielding inputs from
external noise pickup is critical for minimizing measurement errors.
7 Use the Null mode to zero residual.
8 The accuracy does not include the tolerance of the thermocouple probe. The thermal sensor plugged into the meter should
be placed in the operating enviroment for at least an hour. Use the Null function to reduce the thermal effect.
9 Always use relative function to zero the thermal effect with open test lead before measuring the signal. If you do not use
Relation function, add 20 digits for accuracy purposes.
10 10 A continuous and additional 0.5% to specified accuracy when measuring a signal greater than 10 A~20 A for 30 seconds
maximum. After measuring current for > 10 A, to cool down the meter for twice the measuring time you applied before low
current measurement.

11 The current can be measuring from 2.5 A to 10 A continuous, and the additional of 0.5% to specified accuracy as measure
the signal greater than 10 A~20 A for 30 seconds maximum. After measured current for > 10 A, to cool down the meter for
2 times of measuring time you applied before low current measurement.
12 For signal frequency greater than 1 kHz, additional 0.1% per kHz to be added to accuracy.
13 Ensure that the ambient temperature is stable within ± 1ºC. Make sure that the multimeter is placed in a controlled
environment for at least 1 hour. Keep the multimeter away from any ventilation exit. Do not touch the thermocouple test
lead after connecting it to the calibrator. Allow the connection to stabilize for at least another 15 minutes before performing
the measurement.

Unsecuring the instrument for calibration

Before you can adjust the instrument, you must unsecure it
by entering the correct security code. The security code is
set to 1234 when the instrument is shipped from the
factory. The security code is stored in nonvolatile memory,
and does not change when power is off.
To Unsecure the Instrument from the Front Panel

4 Turn the rotary switch to .
5 Press and button simultaneously to enter

the Calibration Security Code entry mode.
6 The primary display shows 5555 and the secondary
display show SECUr.
7 Use the editing keys and to step each

character in the code.
Use the and to select each character.
8 Press (Save) when done.

9 If the correct security code is entered, the secondary
display will show PASS.

To change the instrument calibration security code from the front

panel
1 When the multimeter is in the unsecured mode, press
for more than 1 second to enter the Calibration
Security Code setting mode.
2 The factory default calibration security code 1234 will be
displayed on the primary display.

4 Use the and to change each character in

the code.
5 Press (Save) to store the new calibration security

code.
6 If the new calibration security code has been successfully
stored, the secondary display will show PASS.

To unsecure the instrument without the security code

To unsecure the instrument without the correct security
code, follow the steps below.
NOTE If you do not have a record of the security code, you can try 1234 (the fac-
tory default code) using the front panel.
1 Record the last 4 digits of the multimeter’s serial number.

2 Turn the rotary switch to .
3 Press and simultaneously to enter the

Calibration Security Code entry mode.
4 The primary display shows 5555 and the secondary

display shows SECUr.
5 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Set

Default Security Code mode. The secondary display shows
SEr.no and the primary display shows 5555.

Use and to select each character.
7 Set the code, same as the last 4 digits of the instrument’s

serial number.
8 Press (Save) to confirm the entry.
9 If the 4 digits entered are correct, the secondary display
will show PASS.

Now you can use 1234 as the security code. If you want to
enter a new security code, see “To change the instrument
calibration security code from the front panel” on page 129.
Make sure you record the new security code.
Calibration process
To complete a full instrument calibration use following
general procedures:
1 Read “Test Considerations” on page 118.

2 Perform the verification tests to characterize the
instrument (incoming data).
3 Unsecure the instrument for calibration (see “Calibration
Security” on page 119).
4 Perform the adjustment procedures (see “Adjustments
Consideration” on page 133).
5 Secure the instrument against calibration.
6 Note the new security code and calibration count in the
instrument's maintenance records.
Make sure to quit the Adjustment Mode before turning off the instrument.
NOTE

Using the front panel for adjustments

This section describes the procedures to perform
adjustments from the front panel.
Selecting the Adjustment Mode

To unsecure the instrument, see “Unsecuring the instrument
for calibration” on page 128 or “To unsecure the instrument
without the security code” on page 130. Once unsecured, the
reference value will be indicated on the primary display.
Entering Adjustment Values

Use the following adjustment procedure to enter an input
calibration value from the front panel:
1 Use the edit keys and to select each digit in

the primary display.
2 Use the and the arrow keys to advance

through the digits 0 through 9.
3 Press when done to start calibration.

Adjustments Consideration
You will need a test input cable, a connectors set, and a
Shorting Plug to adjust the instrument.
After each adjustment, the secondary display briefly shows PASS. If the
NOTE calibration fails, the handheld multimeter sounds a beep, and an error
number is shown in the secondary display. Calibration error messages are
described on page 143. In the event of a calibration failure, correct the
problem and repeat the procedure.
Adjustments for each function should be performed only in

the order shown below.
1 Allow the instrument to warm up and stabilize for 5

minutes before performing the adjustments.
2 Ensure that during the adjustments, the low battery
indicator does not appear. Replace the batteries as soon
as possible to avoid false reading.
3 Consider the thermal effects as you are connecting test
leads to the calibrator and handheld multimeter. It is
recommended to wait for one minute before you begin the
calibration after connecting the test leads.
4 During ambient temperature adjustment, be sure to turn
on the instrument for at least 1 hour with the K- type
thermocouple connected between the instrument and the
calibration source.
CAUTION Never turn off the instrument during an adjustment. This may delete the
calibration memory for the present function.

Valid adjustment input values

Adjustment can be accomplished using the following input
values below.
Table 6-3 Valid adjustment input values
Function Range Valid Amplitude Input Values
5 V, 50 V, 500 V, 1000 V 0.9 to 1.1 x Full Scale
V 5 V, 50 V, 500 V, 1000 V 0.9 to 1.1 x Full Scale

(for U1251A)
5 V, 50 V ,500 V, 1000 V 0.9 to 1.1 x Full Scale

(for U1252A)
50 mV, 500 mV, 1000 mV 0.9 to 1.1 x Full Scale
500 µA, 5000 µA 0.9 to 1.1 x Full Scale
50 mA, 440 mA, 5 A, 10 A 0.9 to 1.1 x Full Scale
Ω 500 Ω, 5 kΩ, 50 kΩ,500 kΩ, 5 MΩ, 0.9 to 1.1 x Full Scale
50 MΩ
/ TEMP 10 nF, 100 nF, 1000 nF, 10 µF, 100 µF, Make sure to provide 0 °C with ambient
1000 µF, 10 mF / 0 °C compensation

Adjustment procedure
Review the sections “Test Considerations” on page 118 and
“Adjustments Consideration” on page 133 before proceeding
with this procedure.
1 Turn the rotary switch to “Test Function” position as

shown in the adjustment table.
2 After unsecuring the instrument, the instrument goes into
the adjustment mode. (See “Unsecuring the instrument for
calibration” on page 128)
The instrument will be in the adjustment mode, unless you Press SHIFT
NOTE
and simultaneously to exit the adjustment mode.
3 The primary display will show the reference value of the

Cal Item.
4 Configure each Cal Item.
5 Use the and the arrow keys to select the

Cal Range.
6 Apply the input signal shown in the Input column of the

table. The bar graph will display the Input reading. There
is no bar graph display for temperature adjustment.
NOTE Always complete the tests in the same order as shown in the appropriate
table.
7 Enter the actual applied input (see “Entering Adjustment

Values” on page 132).

8 Press to start the adjustment. The CAL flashes in

the secondary display to indicate that the calibration is in
progress.
For an adjustment that is successful, the secondary
display will briefly show PASS. An adjustment failure is
indicated by a long beep and a calibration error number
appears in the secondary display. The primary display
remains at the current Cal Item. Check the input value,
range, function, and entered adjustment value to fix the
problem. Repeat the adjustment procedure.
9 Repeat steps 1 through 8 for each adjustment point.
10 Verify the adjustments using the “Performance Verification
Tests” on page 120 and Table 6- 2.

Table 6-4 Adjustment table
Cal Item
Step Test Function Cal Range Input
U1251A U1252A
1 Turn the rotary switch to the 5V 0.3 V,1 kHz 0.3000 V 0.3000 V
V position
3 V, 1 kHz 3.0000 V 3.0000 V
3 V, 50 kHz N/A 3.0000 V
50 V 3 V, 1 kHz 03.000 V 03.000 V
30 V, 1 kHz 30.000 V 30.000 V
30 V, 50 kHz N/A 30.000 V
500 V 30 V,1 kHz 030.00 V 030.00 V
300 V,1 kHz 300.00 V 300.00 V
300 V, 50 kHz N/A 300.00 V
1000 V 30 V, 1 kHz 0030.0 V 0030.0 V
300 V, 1 kHz 0300.0 V 0300.0 V
300 V, 50 kHz N/A 0300.0 V
2 Turn the rotary switch to Short Dual Banana Plug SHort SHort
V position (for model U1252A), with copper wire
to V position (for model short between 2
U1251A) terminals
5V 3V 3.0000 V 3.0000 V
50 V 30 V 30.000 V 30.000 V
500 V 300 V 300.00 V 300.00 V
1000 V 1000 V 1000.0 V 1000.0 V

Cal Item
U1251A U1252A
3 Press button to go to the 5V 0.3 V, 1 kHz N/A 0.3000 V

V mode
3 V, 1 kHz N/A 3.0000 V
3 V, 50 kHz N/A 3.0000 V
50 V 3 V, 1 kHz N/A 03.000 V
30 V, 1 kHz N/A 30.000 V
30 V, 50 kHz N/A 30.000 V
500 V 30 V, 1 kHz N/A 030.00 V
300 V, 1 kHz N/A 300.00 V
300 V, 50 kHz N/A 300.00 V
1000 V 30 V, 1 kHz N/A 0030.0 V
300 V, 1 kHz N/A 0300.0 V
300 V, 50 kHz N/A 0300.0 V
4 Turn the rotary switch to the Short Dual banana plug SHort SHort
mV position with copper wire
short between 2
terminals
50 mV 30 mV 30.000 mV 30.000 mV
500 mV 300 mV 300.00 mV 300.00 mV
1000 mV 1000 mV 1000.0 mV 1000.0 mV

Cal Item
U1251A U1252A
5 Press button to go to the 50 mV 3 mV, 1 kHz 03.000 mV 03.000 mV

mV mode
30 mV, 1 kHz 30.000 mV 30.000 mV
30 mV, 50 kHz N/A 30.000 mV
500 mV 30 mV, 1 kHz 030.00 mV 030.00 mV
300 mV, 1 kHz 300.00 mV 300.00 mV
300 mV, 50 kHz N/A 300.00 mV
1000 mV 30 mV, 1 kHz 0030.0 mV 0030.0 mV
1000 mV, 1 kHz 1000.0 mV 1000.0 mV
1000 mV, 50 kHz N/A 1000.0 mV
6 Turn the rotary switch to the W Short Dual Banana SHort SHort
position Plug with copper
wire short
between 2
terminals
50 MW Input terminal oPEn oPEn

open (Remove
any test leads
and Short Plugs
from the input
terminal)
10 MW 10.000 MW 10.000 MW
5 MW 3 MW 3.0000 MW 3.0000 MW
500 kW 300 kW 300.00 kW 300.00 kW
50 kW 30 kW 30.000 kW 30.000 kW
5 kW 3k W 3.0000 kW 3.0000 kW
500 W 300 W 300.00 W 300.00 W

Cal Item
U1251A U1252A
7 Turn the rotary switch to the Open Input terminal oPEn oPEn
TEMP/ position open (Remove any
test leads and
Short Plugs from
the input terminal)
10 nF 3 nF 03.000 nF 03.000 nF
10 nF 10.000 nF 10.000 nF
100 nF 10 nF 010.00 nF 010.00 nF
100 nF 100.00 nF 100.00 nF
1000 nF 100 nF 0100.0 nF 0100.0 nF
1000 nF 1000.0 nF 1000.0 nF
10 μF 10 μF 10.000 μF 10.000 μF
100 μF 100 μF 100.00 μF 100.00 μF
1000 μF 1000 μF 1000.0 μF 1000.0 μF
10 mF 10 mF 10.000 mF 10.000 mF
8 Press button to go to N/A 0 ºC 0000.0 ºC 0000.0 ºC

TEMP mode
Note: Ensure the multimeter is turned on and stabilized for at least 60 minutes, with the K-type thermocouple
connected between the multimeter and the calibrator output terminal
9 Turn the rotary swich to the OPEN Input terminal oPEn oPEn
mA position open (Remove any
test leads and
Short Plugs from
the input terminal)
500 μA 300 μA 300.00 μA 300.00 μA
5000 μA 3000 μA 3000.0 μA 3000.0 μA

10 Press button to go to 500 μA 30 μA,1 kHz 030.00 μA 030.00 μA
mA mode 300 μA,1 kHz 300.00 μA 300.00 μA
5000 μA 300 μA,1 kHz 0300.0 μA 0300.0 μA
3000 μA, 1 kHz 3000.0 μA 3000.0 μA
11 Turn the Rotary Switch to the Open Input terminal oPEn oPEn
mA.A position open (Remove any
test leads and
Short Plugs from
the input terminal)
50 mA 30 mA 30.000 mA 30.000 mA
440 mA 300 mA 300.00 mA 300.00 mA
Move the test lead from uA.mA and COM terminal to A and COM terminal
5A 3A 3.0000 A 3.0000 A
10 A 10 A 10.000 A 10.000 A
Move the test lead from A and COM terminal to uA.mA and COM terminal
12 Press button to go to 50 mA 3 mA, 1 kHz 03.000 mA 03.000 mA

mA mode
30 mA, 1 kHz 30.000 mA 30.000 mA
440 mA 30 mA, 1 kHz 030.00 mA 030.00 mA
300 mA, 1 kHz 300.00 mA 300.00 mA
Move the test lead from uA.mA and COM terminal to A and COM terminal
13 Press button to go to 5A 0.3 A, 1 kHz 0.3000 A 0.3000 A

A mode
3 A, 1 kHz 3.0000 A 3.0000 A
10 A 3 A, 1 kHz 3.0000 A 3.0000 A
10 A, 1 kHz 10.000 A 10.000 A

Finishing the adjustment

1 Remove all the shorting plugs and connectors from the
instrument.
2 Record the new Calibration Count.
3 Press and simultaneously to exit the

Adjustment Mode. Power off and on again. The instrument
will then be secured.
To read the calibration count

You can query the instrument to determine how many
calibrations have been performed.
NOTE Your instrument was calibrated before it left the factory.
When you receive your instrument, read the count to

determine its initial value.
The count value increases by one for each calibration point,

and a complete calibration will increase the value by many
counts. The calibration count increments up to a maximum
of 65535 after which it is set at 0. The calibration count can
be read from the front panel after the instrument has been
unsecured. Use the following procedure to read the
calibration count from the front panel.
1 Press Adjustment Mode. The primary display

shows the calibration count.
2 Take note of the count.
3 Press again to exit the calibration count mode.

Calibration errors
The following errors indicate failures that may occur during
a calibration.
Number Recommended Accuracy Requirements

200 Calibration error: calibration mode is secured
002 Calibration error: secure code invalid
003 Calibration error: serial number code invalid
004 Calibration error: calibration aborted
005 Calibration error: value out of range
006 Calibration error: signal measurement out of range
007 Calibration error: frequency out of range
008 EEPROM write failure


7
Specifications
Product Characteristics 146
Measurement Category 149
Measurement category definition 149
Specification Assumptions 150
Electrical Specifications 151
DC Specifications 151
AC Specifications 153
AC+DC Specifications for U1252A 155
Capacitance Specifications 156
Temperature Specifications 156
Frequency Specifications 157
Duty Cycle and Pulse Width Specifications 157
Frequency Sensitivity Specifications 158
Peak Hold Specifications 159
Frequency Counter Specifications for U1252A 160
Square Wave Output for U1252A 161
Operating Specifications 162
Display update rate (approximate) 162
Input impedance 163
This chapter lists the product characteristics, specification

assumptions and the specifications of the U1251A and
U1252A digital multimeters.

8 Specifications
Product Characteristics
POWER SUPPLY
Battery type:
• 9 V size Ni-MH rechargeable battery, 7.2 V nominal voltage
• 9 V size Ni-MH rechargeable battery, 8.4 V nominal voltage
• 9 V Alkaline battery (ANSI/NEDA 1604A or IEC 6LR61)
• 9 V Carbon-zinc battery (ANSI/NEDA 1604D or IEC6F22)
Battery life:
• 8 hours typical (based on a fully charged Ni-MH 300 mAH battery for DC
voltage measurement)
• 14 hours typical (based on a new 9 V Alkaline battery for DC voltage
measurement)
Charge time (U1252A only):
• Less than 220 minutes in an environment of 10 °C to 30 °C. if the battery has
been deep-discharged, a prolonged charging time is required in order for the
battery to return to full capacity
POWER CONSUMPTION
• 105 mVA / 420 mVA (with backlight usage) maximum (U1251A)
• 165 mVA / 480 mVA (with backlight usage) maximum (U1252A)
DISPLAY
• Both primary and secondary displays are 5-digit liquit crystal display (LCD)
with maximum reading of 50,000 counts
• Automatic polarity indication
OPERATING ENVIRONMENT
• Temperature: Full accuracy from –20 °C to 55 °C.
• Humidity: Full accuracy up to 80% RH (relative humidity) for temperatures up
to 35°C, decreasing linearly to 50% RH at 55 °C.
• Altitude:
• 0 to 2000 meters complying with IEC 61010-1 2nd Edition CAT III, 1000 V/
CAT IV, 600 V.
• Pollution degree II
STORAGE COMPLIANCE
–40 °C to 70 °C with battery removed

Specifications 8
SAFETY COMPLIANCE
• EN/IEC 61010-1:2001
• ANSI/UL 61010-1:2004
• CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-04
MEASUREMENT CATEGORY
CAT III 1000 V/CAT IV 600 V Overvoltage Protection
EMC COMPLIANCE
• Certified to IEC61326-1:2005 / EN61326-1:2006
• CISPR 11:2003 / EN 55011:2007 Group 1 Class A
• Canada: ICES-001:2004
• Austrailia/New Zealand; AS/NZS CISPR11:2004
SHOCK AND VIBRATION

Tested to IEC/EN 60068-2
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
0.15 × (specified accuracy) / °C (from –20 °C to 18 °C, or 28 °C to 55 °C)
COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO (CMRR)

> 90 dB at DC, 50/60 Hz ± 0.1% (1 kΩ unbalanced)
NORMAL MODE REJECTION RATION (NMRR)

> 60 dB at 50/60 Hz ± 0.1%
DIMENSIONS (W × H × D)
94.4 × 203.5 × 59 mm
WEIGHT
• 504 ± 5 grams with battery (U1251A)
• 527 ± 5 grams with battery (U1252A)

8 Specifications
WARRANTY
Please refer to http://www.agilent.com/go/warranty_terms
• Three years for the product
• Three months for the product's standard accessories, unless otherwise
specified
Please take note that for the product, the warranty does not cover:
• Damage from contamination
• Normal wear and tear of mechanical components
• Manuals, fuses, and standard disposable batteries
CALIBRATION CYCLE
One year

Specifications 8
Measurement Category
The Agilent U1251A and U1252A Handheld Digital
Multimeter has a safety rating of CAT III 1000 V/ CAT IV,
600 V.
Measurement category definition

Measurement CAT I are measurements performed on circuits
which are not directly connected to the AC mains. For
example, measurements on circuits not derived from the AC
mains or specially protected (internal) mains- derived
circuits.
Measurement CAT II are measurements performed on circuits

that are directly connected to a low voltage installation. For
example, measurements on household appliances, portable
tools and other similar equipment.
Measurement CAT III are measurements performed on

building installations. For example, measurements on
distribution boards, circuit- breakers, wiring (including
cables), bus- bars, junction boxes, switches, socket outlets
within the fixed installation, equipment for industrial use
and equipment that is permanently connected to the fixed
installation such as stationary motors.
Measurement CAT IV are measurements performed at the

source of the low- voltage installation. For example,
measurements on electricity meters, primary over- current
protection devices and ripple control units.

8 Specifications
Specification Assumptions
• The DC specifications are defined for measurements
which are taken after at least 1 minute of warm- up time.
• The AC and AC+DC specifications are defined for
measurements of sine wave and are taken after at least 1
minute of warm- up time.
• The accuracy of the multimeter may be affected when
making measurements in an environment where
electromagnetic interferences or significant electrostatic
charges are present.

Specifications 8
Electrical Specifications
DC Specifications
Table 7-1 DC Accuracy ± (% of reading + Number of Least Significant Digit)

Test Current/ Accuracy
Function Range Resolution Burden Voltage U1251A U1252A
50.000 mV 0.001 mV - 0.05 + 50 [2] 0.05 + 50 [2]
500.00 mV 0.01 mV -
1000.0 mV 0.1 mV -
Voltage [1] 5.0000 V 0.0001 V - 0.025 + 5
0.03 + 5
50.000 V 0.001 V -
500.00 V 0.01 V - 0.03 + 5
1000.0 V 0.1 V -
Notes for DC voltage specifications:
1 Input impedance: >1GΩ for 50 mV to 1000 mV ranges. For U1251A, input impedance is 10 MΩ (nominal) for 5 V to 1000 V
ranges. For U1252A, input impedance is 10 MΩ (nominal) in parallel with 1.1 MΩ at dual display.
2 The accuracy could be 0.05 % +10 for U1251A and 0.05 % + 5 for U1252A. Always use the Null function to zero out the
thermal effect before measuring the signal.

500.00 Ω [3] 0.01 Ω 1.04 mA 0.08 + 10 0.05 + 10
5.0000 kΩ [3] 0.0001 kΩ 416 µA
50.000 kΩ 0.001 kΩ 41.2 µA 0.08 + 5
0.05 + 5
500.00 kΩ 0.01 kΩ 4.12 µA
Resistance 5.0000 MΩ 0.0001 MΩ 375 nA 0.2 + 5 0.15 + 5
50.000 MΩ [4] 0.001 MΩ 187 nA 1 + 10 1+5
3 + 10 < 200MΩ/
500.00 MΩ [4] 0.01 MΩ 187 nA -
8 + 10 > 200MΩ
500.00 nS [5] 0.01 nS 187 nA 1 + 20 1 + 10
Notes for resistance specifications:
3 The accuracy of 500 Ω and 5 kΩ is specified after Null function, which is used to subtract the test lead resistance and the
thermal effect.
4 For the range of 50/500 MΩ, the R.H. is specified for < 60 %.
5 The accuracy is specified for < 50 nS and after Null function with open test lead.

8 Specifications
Table 7-1 DC Accuracy ± (% of reading + Number of Least Significant Digit) (continued)

500.00 µA 0.01 µA 0.06 V 0.1 + 5 [6] 0.05 + 5 [6]
5000.0 µA 0.1 µA 0.6 V 0.1 + 5 [6] 0.05 + 5 [6]
50.000 mA 0.001 mA 0.09 V 0.2 + 5 [6] 0.15 + 5 [6]
Current
440.00 mA 0.01 mA 0.9 V 0.2 + 5 [6] 0.15 + 5 [6]
5.0000 A 0.0001 A 0.2 V 0.3 + 10 0.3 + 10
10.000 A [7] 0.001 A 0.4 V 0.3 + 10 0.3 + 5
Notes for current specifications:
6 Always use the Null function to zero out thermal effect with open test lead before measuring the signal. If the Null
function is not used, add 20 counts to the specified accuracy. Thermal effect could occur due to the following:
• Wrong operation – where the resistance, diode or mV measurement function is used to measure high voltage signals
within the range of 50 V to 1000V
• After battery-charging is complete.
• After measuring a current greater than 440 mA. Thus we recommend that the meter be left to cool down for twice the
length of measurement time used.
7 Current can be measured up to 10 A continuously. An additional 0.5 % needs to be added to the specified accuracy if the
signal measured is in the range of 10 A to 20 A 30 seconds maximum. After measuring current > 10 A, leave the meter to
cool down (in switched OFF state) for twice the length of measuring time used before application of low current
measurement.

Diode [8] - 0.1 mV 1.04 mA 0.05 + 5
Notes for diode specifications:
8 Maximum open voltage: < + 4.2 V.

Specifications 8
AC Specifications
AC specifications for U1251A
Table 7-2 U1251A accuracy specifications ± (% of reading + number of LSD) for true RMS AC voltage
Frequency
Function Range Resolution 30 Hz to 45 Hz 45 Hz to 1 kHz 1 kHz to 10 kHz 10 kHz to 30 kHz
50.000 mV 0.001 mV 1 + 60 0.6 + 40 1.0 + 40 1.6 + 60
500.00 mV 0.01 mV 1 + 60 0.6 + 25 1.0 + 40 1.6 + 60
1000.0 mV 0.1 mV 1 + 60 0.6 + 25 1.0 + 25 1.6 + 40
Voltage [1] 5.0000 V 0.0001 V 1 + 60 0.6 + 25 1.0 + 25 1.6 + 40
50.000 V 0.001 V 1 + 60 0.6 + 25 1.0 + 25 1.6 + 40
500.00 V 0.01 V 1 + 60 0.6 + 25 1.0 + 25 1.6 + 40 [2]
1000.0 V 0.1 V 1 + 60 0.6 + 40 1.0 + 40 -
Notes for U1251A AC voltage specifications:
1 Input impedance: > 1GHz for 50 mV to 1000 mV. Input impedance is 1.1 MΩ (nominal) with <100 pF for 5 V to 1000 V
ranges.
2 The input signal is lower than the product of 20,000,000 V-Hz (product of voltage and frequency).
Table 7-3 U1251A accuracy specifications ± (% of reading + number of LSD) for true RMS AC current
Frequency
Function Range Resolution 30 Hz to 45 Hz 45 Hz to 2 kHz 2 kHz to 20 kHz
500.00 µA [1] 0.01 µA 1.5 + 50 0.8 + 20 3 + 80
5000.0 µA 0.1 µA 1.5 + 40 0.8 + 20 3 + 60
Current 50.000 mA 0.001 mA 1.5 + 40 0.8 + 20 3 + 60
440.00 mA 0.01 mA 1.5 + 40 0.8 + 20 3 + 60
5.0000 A 0.0001 A 2 + 40 [3] 0.8 + 20 3 + 60
10.000 A [2] 0.001 A 2 + 40 [3] 0.8 + 20 < 3 A/5 kHz
Notes for U1251A AC current specifications:
1 Input current > 35 µArms.

2 Current can be measured from 2.5 A up to 10 A continuously. Add 0.5% to the specified accuracy if the signal measured is
in the range of 10 A to 20 A and for a period of up to 30 seconds. After measuring current > 10 A, leave the meter to cool
down for a period that is twice the measuring time used before application of low current measurement.
3 Input current < 3 Arms.

8 Specifications
AC specifications for U1252A
Table 7-4 U1252A accuracy specifications ± (% of reading + number of LSD) for true RMS AC voltage
Frequency
20 Hz – 45 Hz – 1 kHz – 10 kHz – 20 kHz –
Function Range Resolution 45 Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 20 kHz 100 kHz [1]
50.000 mV 0.001 mV 1.5 + 60 0.4 + 40 0.7 + 40 0.75 + 40 3.5 + 120
500.00 mV 0.01 mV 1.5 + 60 0.4 + 25 0.4 + 25 0.75 + 40 3.5 +120
1000.0 mV 0.1 mV 1.5 + 60 0.4 + 25 0.4 + 25 0.75 + 40 3.5 + 120
Voltage [2] 5.0000 V 0.0001 V 1.5 + 60 0.4 + 25 0.4 + 25 0.75 + 40 3.5 + 120
50.000 V 0.001 V 1.5 + 60 0.4 + 25 0.4 + 25 0.75 + 40 3.5 + 120
500.00 V 0.01 V 1.5 + 60 0.4 + 25 0.4 + 25 1.5 + 40 3.5 + 120 [3]
1000.0 V 0.1 V 1.5 + 60 0.4 + 40 0.4 + 40 1.5 + 40 [3] -
Notes for U1252A AC voltage specifications:
1 The additional error to be added as frequency > 20 kHz and signal input <10 %of range: 3 counts of LSD per kHz.
2 Input impedance: > 1GHz for 50 mV to 1000 mV. Input impedance is 1.1 MΩ (nominal) with <100 pF for 5 V to 1000 V
ranges.
Table 7-5 U1252A accuracy specifications ± (% of reading + number of LSD) for true RMS AC current
Frequency
20 kHz –
20 Hz – 45 Hz 45 Hz – 1 kHz 1 kHz – 20 kHz
Function Range Resolution 100 kHz [1]
500.00 µA [2] 0.01 µA 1.0 + 20 0.7 + 20 0.75 + 20 5 + 80
5000.0 µA 0.1 µA 1.0 + 20 0.7 + 20 0.75 + 20 5 + 80
Current 50.000 mA 0.001 mA 1.0 + 20 0.7 + 20 0.75 + 20 5 + 80
440.00 mA 0.01 mA 1.0 + 20 0.7 + 20 1.5 + 20 5 + 80
5.0000 A 0.0001 A 1.5 + 20 [4] 0.7 + 20 3 + 60
-
10.000 A [3] 0.001 A 1.5 + 20 [4] 0.7 + 20 < 3 A/5 kHz
Notes for U1252B AC current specifications:
1 The additional error to be added as frequency > 20 kHz and signal input< 10 % of range: 3 counts of LSD per kHz.

Specifications 8
AC+DC Specifications for U1252A
Table 7-6 U1252A true RMS ac+dc voltage specifications

Frequency
30 Hz – 45 Hz – 1 kHz – 10 kHz – 20kHz –
Function Range Resolution 45 Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 20 kHz 100kHz [1]
50.000 mV 0.001 mV 1.5 + 80 0.4 + 60 0.7 + 60 0.8 + 60 3.5 + 220
500.00 mV 0.01 mV 1.5 + 65 0.4 + 30 0.4 + 30 0.8 + 45 3.5 + 125
1000.0 mV 0.1 mV 1.5 + 65 0.4 + 30 0.4 + 30 0.8 + 45 3.5 + 125
Voltage [2] 5.0000 V 0.0001 V 1.5 + 65 0.4 + 30 0.4 + 30 0.8 + 45 3.5 + 125
50.000 V 0.001 V 1.5 + 65 0.4 + 30 0.4 + 30 0.8 + 45 3.5 + 125
500.00 V 0.01 V 1.5 + 65 0.4 + 30 0.4 + 30 1.5 + 45 3.5 + 125 [3]
1000.0 V 0.1 V 1.5 + 65 0.4 + 45 0.4 + 45 1.5 + 45 [3] -
Notes for U1252A AC +DC voltage specifications:
1 The additional error to be added as frequency > 20 kHz and signal input <10 %of range: 3 counts of LSD per kHz.
2 Input impedance: > 1 GW for 50 mV to 1000 mV. Input impedance is 1.1 MΩ (nominal) with <100 pF for 5 V to 1000 V
ranges.
Table 7-7 U1252A true RMS ac+dc current specifications

Frequency
Function Range Resolution 30 Hz – 45 Hz 45 Hz – 1 kHz 1 kHz – 20 kHz
500.00 µA [1] 0.01 µA 1.1 + 25 0.8 + 25 0.8 + 25
5000.0 µA 0.1 µA 1.1 + 25 0.8 + 25 0.8 + 25
50.000 mA 0.001 mA 1.2 + 25 0.9 + 25 0.9 + 25
Current
440.00 mA 0.01 mA 1.2 + 25 0.9 + 25 0.9 + 25
5.0000 A 0.0001 A 1.8 + 30 [3] 0.9 + 30 3.3 + 70
10.000 A [2] 0.001 A 1.8 + 30 [3] 0.9 + 25 < 3 A/5 kHz
Notes for U1252A AC +DC current specifications:


8 Specifications
Capacitance Specifications
Table 7-8 Capacitance specifications

Accuracy
Display update rate
Function Range Resolution ± (% of reading +
(approx)
Offset Error)
10.000 nF 0.001 nF 1%+8
100.00 nF 0.01 nF
1000.0 nF 0.1 nF
10.000 µF 0.001 µF 4 times/sec.
Capacitance
100.00 µF 0.01 µF
1000.0 µF 0.1 µF 1%+5 1 time/sec.
10.000 mF 0.001 mF 0.1 times/sec.
100.00 mF 0.01 mF 3 % + 10 0.01 times/sec.
Temperature Specifications
Table 7-9 Temperature specifications

Accuracy
Thermocouple
Range Resolution ± (% of reading + No. of
Type
Least Significant Digit)
–200 – 1372 °C/ 0.1 °C/ 0.3 % + 3 °C/
K
–328 – 2502 °F 0.1 °F 0.3 % + 6 °F
–210 – 1200 °C/ 0.1 °C/ 0.3 % + 3 °C/
J [2]
–346 – 2192 °F 0.1 °F 0.3 % + 6 °F
Notes for temperature specifications:
1 Accuracy of specifications is subject to the following conditions:

• The accuracy does not include the tolerance of the thermocouple probe. The thermal sensor plugged into the meter
should be placed in the operating environment for at least an hour.
• Use the Null function to reduce the thermal effect. Before using the NULL function, set the meter to no ambient
compensation ( ) mode and keep the thermocouple probe as close to the meter as possible, avoiding contact with
any surface that has a different temperature from the ambient temperature.
• When measuring temperature with respect to any temperature calibrator, try to set both the calibrator and the meter
with an external reference (without internal ambient compensation). If both the calibrator and the meter are set with
internal reference (with internal ambient compensation), deviation may show between the readings of the calibrator
and the meter, due to differences in ambient compensation between the calibrator and the meter.
2 This thermocouple type is only available for the U1252A.

Specifications 8
Frequency Specifications
Table 7-10 Frequency specifications

Accuracy
Range Resolution ± (% of reading + No. of Min. Input Frequency
Least Significant Digit)
99.999 Hz 0.001 Hz
999.99 Hz 0.01 Hz
0.02% + 3
9.9999 kHz 0.0001 kHz 1 Hz
< 600 kHz
99.999 kHz 0.001 kHz
999.99 kHz 0.01 kHz
Notes for frequency specifications:
1 The multimeter will automatically select the most appropriate range when making frequency measurements.
Duty Cycle and Pulse Width Specifications
Table 7-11 Duty cycle and pulse width specifications
Function Mode Range Resolution Accuracy (at full scale)
DC Coupling 0.01% to 99.99% - 0.3% per kHz + 0.3%

Duty cycle
AC Coupling 5% to 95% - 0.3% per kHz + 0.3%
Notes for duty cycle specifications:
1 The accuracy for duty cycle and pulse width is based on a 5 V square wave input into the DC 5 V range.
2 For AC coupling, the duty cycle range can be measured for signal frequency > 20 Hz.
- 500 ms 0.01 ms 0.2% + 3

Pulse width
- 2000 ms 0.1 ms 0.2% + 3
Notes for pulse width specifications:
1 The accuracy for duty cycle and pulse width is based on a 5 V square wave input into the DC 5 V range.
2 Positive or negative pulse width must be greater than 10 µs and the range of duty cycle should be considered. The range
of pulse width is determined by the frequency of the signal.

8 Specifications
Frequency Sensitivity Specifications

For voltage measurements
Table 7-12 Frequency sensitivity and trigger level specifications for voltage measurements
Minimum sensitivity (RMS sine wave) Trigger level for DC coupling
Model Number
Input
range [1] U1251A U1252A U1251A U1252A
20 Hz - 100 >100 kHz - 20 Hz - 200 >200 kHz - >100 kHz - > 100 kHz -
< 100 kHz < 100 kHz
kHz 200 kHz kHz 500 kHz 200 kHz 500 kHz
50.000 mV 10 mV 15 mV 10 mV 25 mV 10 mV 15 mV 10 mV 25 mV

0.5 V/1.25
5.0000 V 0.25 V 0.5 V 0.3 V 1.2 V V (< 100 0.6 V 0.6 V 1.5 V
Hz)
50.000 V 2.5 V 5V 3V 5V 5V 6V 6V 15 V
30 V < 100
500.00 V 25 V - - 50 V - 60 V -
kHz
50 V < 100
1000.0 V 50 V - - 300 V - 120 V -
kHz
Notes for frequency sensitivity and trigger level specifications for voltage measurements;
1 Maximum input for specified accuracy = 10 x range or 1000 V.

2 The input signal is lower than the product of 20,000,000 V-Hz.

Specifications 8
For current measurements
Table 7-13 Frequency sensitivity specifications for current measurements

Minimum Sensitivity (R.M.S. sine wave)
Input Range
20 Hz – 20 kHz
500.00 µA 100 µA
5000.0 µA 250 µA
50.000 mA 10 mA
440.00 mA 25 mA
5.0000 A 1A
Peak Hold Specifications
Table 7-14 Peak hold specifications for dc voltage and current measurements
Signal Width Accuracy For DC mV/voltage/current
Single event > 1 ms 2% + 400 for all ranges
Repetitive > 250 µs 2% + 1000 for all ranges

8 Specifications
Frequency Counter Specifications for U1252A
Table 7-15 Frequency counter (divide by 1) specifications

Accuracy
± (% of reading + No.
Range Resolution Sensitivity Min. Input Frequency
of Least Significant
Digit)
99.999 Hz 0.001 Hz 0.02% + 3 [1]
999.99 Hz 0.01 Hz 100 mV R.M.S.
9.9999 kHz 0.0001 kHz 0.5 Hz
99.999 kHz 0.001 kHz 0.002% + 5
999.99 kHz 0.01 kHz 200 mV R.M.S.
< 985 kHz
9.9999 MHz 0.0001 MHz
Table 7-16 Frequency counter (divide by 100 [4]) specifications

Accuracy
± (% of reading + No.
Range Resolution Sensitivity Min. Input Frequency
of Least Significant
Digit)
9.9999 MHz 0.0001 MHz 0.002 % + 5, 400 mV R.M.S.
1 MHz
99.99 MHz 0.001 MHz < 20 MHz 600 mV R.M.S.
Notes for frequency counter specifications:
1 All frequency counters are susceptible to error when measuring low-voltage, low-frequency signals. Shielding inputs from
picking up external noise is critical for minimizing measurement errors. For non-square wave signals, an additional 5
counts need to be added.
2 The maximum measurement level is < 30 Vpp.
3 The minimum measurement frequency of low frequency is set by power-on option to speed up the measurement rate.
4 Shown on the secondary display

Specifications 8
Square Wave Output for U1252A
Table 7-17 Square wave output specifications

Output [1] Range Accuracy
0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60,
75, 80, 100, 120, 150, 200, 240, 300,
Frequency 0.005% x output frequency + 2 counts
400, 480, 600, 800, 1200, 1600, 2400,
4800 Hz
Duty Cycle [2][4][5] 0.39% – 99.60% ± 0.398% of full scale [3]
Pulse Width [2][4][6] 1/Frequency 0.2 ms + (range/256)
Amplitude Fixed 0 to + 2.8 V ± 0.2 V
Notes for square wave output specifications:
1 Output impedance: 3.5 kW maximum.

2 The positive or negative pulse width must be greater than 50 µs for adjusting the duty cycle or the pulse width under
different frequencies. Otherwise the accuracy and the range will be different from the definition.
3 For signal frequencies greater than 1 kHz, add 0.1% per kHz to the accuracy.
4 The accuracy for duty cycle and pulse width is based on a 5 V square wave input without dividing signal.
5 Duty cycle can be set for 256 steps and each step is 0.390625% per kHz.
6 The pulse width can be set for 256 steps and each step is 1/(256 x Frequency).

8 Specifications
Operating Specifications
Display update rate (approximate)
Table 7-18 Display update rate (approximate)
Function Times/second
AC V 7
AC V + dB 7
DC V (V or mV) 7
AC V (V or mV) 7
AC+DC V (V or mV) 2
Ω / nS 14
Diode 14
Capacitance 4 (< 100 µF)
DC A ( µA, mA, or A) 7
AC A ( µA, mA, or A) 7
AC+DC A ( µA, mA, or A) 2
Temperature 6
Frequency 2 (> 10 Hz)
Duty cycle 1 (> 10 Hz)
Pulse width 1 (> 10 Hz)
The U1251A and U1252A handheld digital multimeter does not contain a
NOTE realtime clock. Only ONE sample per second can be logged.

Specifications 8
Input impedance
Table 7-19 Input Impedance

Function Range Input Impedance
50.000 mV 10.00 MΩ
500.00 mV 10.00 MΩ
1000.0 mV 10.00 MΩ
DC Voltage [1] 5.0000 V 11.10 MΩ
50.000 V 10.10 MΩ
500.00 V 10.01 MΩ
1000.0 V 10.001 MΩ
50.000 mV 10.00 MΩ
500.00 mV 10.00 MΩ
1000.0 mV 10.00 MΩ
AC Voltage [2] 5.0000 V 10.00 MΩ
50.000 V 10.00 MΩ
500.00 V 10.00 MΩ
1000.0 V 10.00 MΩ
50.000 mV 10.00 MΩ
500.00 mV 10.00 MΩ
1000.0 mV 10.00 MΩ
AC + DC Voltage [2] 5.0000 V 11.10 MΩ // 10 MΩ
50.000 V 10.10 MΩ // 10 MΩ
500.00 V 10.01 MΩ // 10 MΩ
1000.0 V 10.001 MΩ // 10 MΩ
Notes for input impedance:
1 For 5 V to 1000 V range, the specified input impedance in parallel with 10 MΩ at dual display.
2 The specified input impedance (nominal) in parallel with <100 pF.

8 Specifications

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To obtain service, warranty or technical support
assistance, contact us at the
following phone numbers:
United States:
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Canada:
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Product specifications and descriptions in this

document are subject to change without notice.
Always refer to the Agilent Web site for the latest
revision.
© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2006 – 2012
Printed in Malaysia
Tenth Edition, May 4, 2012
U1251-90003
Agilent Technologies

Agilent U1251A and U1252A Handheld Digital Multimeter: User's and Service Guide

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Agilent U1251A and

User’s and Service Guide

II Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

Equipment protected throughout by

Caution, risk of danger (refer to this manual

Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide III

General Safety Information

IV Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide V

VI Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

The C-tick mark is a registered

This instrument complies with the

The CSA mark is a registered

Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide VII

Do not dispose in domestic household waste

VIII Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

3 Functions and Features

4 Changing The Default Setting

6 Performance Tests and Calibration

Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide IX

X Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) XIII

3 Functions and Features

4 Changing The Default Setting

XIV Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

Setting Beep Frequency 87

6 Performance Tests and Calibration

Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) XV

Testing the display 115

XVI Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

Peak Hold Specifications 159

Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) XVII

XVIII Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) IX

X Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this) XI

Table 7-7 U1252A true RMS ac+dc current specifications 155

XII Abbreviated Book Title Variable (Edit this)

This chapter contains information on the Agilent U1251A

Introducing the U12521A/U1252A Handheld Digital Multimeter

2 Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

Check the shipment

• 9 V alkaline battery (for U1251A only)

Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide 3

Adjusting the tilt-stand

Figure 1-1 Tilt-stand at 60°

To adjust the meter to a 30° standing position, bend the tip

4 Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

To adjust the meter to a hanging position follow the steps

Figure 1-3 Tilt-stand at hanging position

Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide 5

The front panel at a glance

Figure 1-4 U1252A front panel

6 Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide

The rear panel at a glance

Figure 1-5 Rear panel

Agilent U1251A/U1252A User’s and Service Guide 7

The rotary switch at a glance

Figure 1-6 Rotary switch