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    Ejercicio 5

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    Quispe Aqh
    The document summarizes the solution to calculating the accelerations of two connected masses (A and B) as a function of an increasing applied force P. It is found that: 1) Both masses accelerate at the same rate until P reaches 27 lbs, at which point mass B begins sliding. 2) For 27 lbs < P < 54 lbs, the accelerations increase linearly with P. 3) At P = 54 lbs, mass A also begins sliding and the accelerations level off to constant values.

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    Ejercicio 5

    Uploaded by

    Quispe Aqh
    117 views5 pages
    The document summarizes the solution to calculating the accelerations of two connected masses (A and B) as a function of an increasing applied force P. It is found that: 1) Both masses accelerate at the same rate until P reaches 27 lbs, at which point mass B begins sliding. 2) For 27 lbs < P < 54 lbs, the accelerations increase linearly with P. 3) At P = 54 lbs, mass A also begins sliding and the accelerations level off to constant values.

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    DINAMICA

    Original Title

    EJERCICIO 5

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    The document summarizes the solution to calculating the accelerations of two connected masses (A and B) as a function of an increasing applied force P. It is found that: 1) Both masses accelerate at the same rate until P reaches 27 lbs, at which point mass B begins sliding. 2) For 27 lbs < P < 54 lbs, the accelerations increase linearly with P. 3) At P = 54 lbs, mass A also begins sliding and the accelerations level off to constant values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    117 views5 pages

    Ejercicio 5

    Uploaded by

    Quispe Aqh
    The document summarizes the solution to calculating the accelerations of two connected masses (A and B) as a function of an increasing applied force P. It is found that: 1) Both masses accelerate at the same rate until P reaches 27 lbs, at which point mass B begins sliding. 2) For 27 lbs < P < 54 lbs, the accelerations increase linearly with P. 3) At P = 54 lbs, mass A also begins sliding and the accelerations level off to constant values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    3.

    29
    The system is released from rest with the cable taut. The friction coefficients µs = 0.25 and µk = 0.20,
    calculate the acceleration of each body and the tension T in the cable. Neglect the small mass and friction
    of the pulleys.
    Solution:

    First need to check if blocks move. . . Assume the blocks are at rest and calculated the needed friction
    force. Summing the vertical forces on mass B,

    ΣFy = mB aB,y
    0 = 2T − mB g
     
    N
    T = mB g/2 = 20 kg 9.81 /2 = 98.1 N
    kg

    Summing the tangential forces on mass A,

    ΣFt = MA aA,t
    0 = T + FF − mA g sin (30◦ )
    FF = −T + mA g sin (30◦ ) = 196.2 N

    Summing the forces in the normal direction,

    ΣFn = MA aA,n
    0 = N − mA g cos (30◦ )
    N = mA g cos (30◦ ) = 510 N
    FF,max = µs N = 127 N < 196.2 N ⇐ The block will slide down the hill

    Now set up the force balance equations again, but this time there is acceleration and FF = µk N . First for
    block A,

    *0
    0 = ΣFn − mA aa,n = N − mA g cos (30◦ ) − mA aa,n
    N = mA g cos (30◦ ) = 510 N
    0 = ΣFt − mA aa,t = T + FF − mA g sin (30◦ ) − mA aa,t
    T = −FF + mA g sin (30◦ ) + mA aa,t (1)

    Now for block B,

    0 = ΣFy − mB aB,y = 2T − mB g − mB aB,y


    mB
    T = (g + aB,y ) (2)
    2
    Setting equation (1) equal to equation (2) and letting aA,t = −2aB,y ,
    mB
    −FF + mA g sin (30◦ ) + mA (−2aB,y ) = (g + aB,y )
    2
    Solving for aB,y ,
    mB g mB aB,y
    mA g sin (30◦ ) − − FF = + 2mA aB,y
    2 2
    mA g sin (30◦ ) − m2B g − FF
    aB,y = mB
    2 + 2mA
    mA g sin (30◦ ) − m2B g − µk N
    aB,y = mB
    2 + 2mA
    294.4 N − 98.1 N − 101.9 N m
    aB,y = = 0.726 2
    10 kg + 120 kg s
    m
    aA,t = −2aB,y = −1.45 2
    s
    mB
    T = (g + aB,y ) = 105.4 N
    2
    T = −FF + mA g sin (30◦ ) + mA aa,t = 105.4 N
    3.43
    With the blocks initially at rest, the force P is increased slowly from zero to 60 lb. Plot the accelerations of
    both masses as functions of P .
    Solution:

    Summing the forces on block A,

    0 = ΣF − mA aA = FF,AB − mA aA ⇐ Horizontal (3)


    0 = NAB − mA g ⇐ Vertical (4)

    So,

    NAB = mA g (5)

    and the maximum static friction force is

    FF,AB,max = µs,AB mA g = 16 lb (6)

    The maximum acceleration of block A without slip is


    FF,AB,max 16 lb ft
    aA,max,no slip = = lbm
    = 6.44 2 (7)
    mA 80 lbm/32.2 slug s

    The kinetic friction force between the blocks is

    FF,AB,Slip = µk,AB mA g = 12 lb (8)

    Summing the forces on block B,

    0 = σF − mB aB = P − FF,AB − FF,B − mB aB ⇐ Horizontal (9)


    0 = NB − NAB − mB g ⇐ Vertical (10)

    So,

    NB = NAB + mB g = mA g + mB g (11)

    and the maximum static friction force is,

    FF,B,max = µs,B (mA + mB ) g = 27 lb (12)


    The kinetic friction force between the block B and the ground is,
    FF,B,Slip = µk,B (mA + mB ) g = 18 lb (13)
    (14)
    As P is increased there will be no motion until P reaches 27 lb at which point block B will begin to slide
    along the lower surface.
    FF,AB = mA aA (15)
    FF,AB = P − FF,B − mB aB (16)
    Setting these two equations equal to each other,
    mA aA = P − FF,B − mB aB (17)
    There is slip between block B and the ground; therfore, FF,B = µk,AB (mA + mB ) g = 18 lb. Assuming
    there is no slip between the blocks then aA = aB .
    aB (mA + mB ) = P − µk,AB (mA + mB ) g (18)
    P − µk,AB (mA + mB ) g
    aB = (19)
    mA + mB
    27 lb − 18 lb
    aB = lbm
    (20)
    180 lbm/32.2 slug
    27 lb − 18 lb
    aB = (21)
    5.59slug
    ft
    aB = 1.61 2 ⇐ Just after P reaches 27 lb. (22)
    s
    This acceleration is small enough so that there is no slip between the blocks. As P increases the acceleration
    of both blocks will be given by:
    P − 18 lb
    a= (23)
    5.59 slug
    until a = 6.44 sft2 , at which point block A will start to slip. The value of P which will result in slip is
    p = aA,max,no slip (5.59 slug) + 18 lb = 54.0 lb (24)
    For P > 54.0 lb the friction force between the blocks will be 12 lb. The acceleration of block A will be
    12 lb ft
    aA = lbm
    = 4.83 2 . (25)
    80 lbm/32.2 slug s
    The acceleration of block B will be
    P − 12 lb − 18 lb P − 30 lb
    aB = lbm
    = (26)
    100 lbm/32.2 slug 3.11slug
    So,

    0,
     P < 27 lb
    P −18 lb
    aA = 5.59 slug 27 lb < P < 54.0 lb

    4.83 sft2 P > 54.0

    and,

    0,
     P < 27 lb
    P −18 lb
    aB = 5.59 slug 27 lb < P < 54.0 lb
     P −30 lb

    3.11slug P > 54.0
    10
    Block A
    9 Block B

    7
    Acceleration (ft/s2)

    0
    0 10 20 30 40 50 60
    P (lb)

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