Chapter 4. Equilibrium of Non Concurrent Force Systems

4
4.5 Equilibrium of Non-Concurrent Force Systems
It was demonstrated that the resultant of a non-concurrent force system

could be determined from the formula
𝑅 = √𝛴𝐹𝑋 2 + 𝛴𝐹𝑦 2
𝑅. 𝑑 = 𝛴𝑀
The resultant will therefore equal to zero, and hence equilibrium will exists,
only when
𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0 𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0 or 𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0 or 𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0
𝛴𝑀 = 0 𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0 𝛴𝑀𝐶 = 0
The second and third sets of equilibrium equations are obtained by replacing
a force summation by an equivalent moment summation. In applying the moment
summations, it is best (whenever possible) to select the moment center at the
intersection of two of the unknowns.
Illustrative Problem 1) Determine the reactions at A and B on the Fink truss shown
in the figure. Members CD and FG are respectively perpendicular to AE and BE at
their midpoints.
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4
Solution:
The truss is supported by a roller at A inclined 30𝑂 and a hinge at B. The

reaction of a roller is acting perpendicular on its surface while the hinge at B will
support a vertical and horizontal reaction as shown.
We find for the angle Ɵ at A
15′
tan Ɵ =
30′
Ɵ = 26.57𝑂
From the triangle 𝐴𝐶𝐷, we find the distance 𝐴𝐷 and 𝐶𝐻, which is by
inspection equal to distance 𝐹𝐵 and 𝐺𝐽 respectively, by symmetry
15′
cos 26.57𝑂 =
𝐴𝐶
𝐴𝐶 = 16.77 𝑓𝑡
16.77′
cos 26.57𝑂 =
𝐴𝐷
𝐴𝐷 = 18.75 𝑓𝑡
𝐶𝐻
tan 26.57𝑂 =
15′
𝐶𝐻 = 7.5′
By symmetry, the truss can be reduced as

4
By inspection, considering there are 2 unknowns acting in both horizontal
and vertical axes, 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0 and 𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0 cannot be feasible. To eliminate the
unknowns at B, use summation of moment
From 𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0
↻ 𝛴𝑀𝐵0 = 𝐴𝑦 (60) − 1200(45) − 2000(41.25) − 4000(18.75) − 3577.55(15)
−1789.16 (7.5)
𝐴𝑦 = 4,643.02 𝑙𝑏
𝐴𝑥 𝐴𝑥
But tan 30𝑂 = =
𝐴𝑦 4,643.02
𝐴𝑥 = 2,680.65 𝑙𝑏
Therefore, 𝐴 = √(𝐴𝑥 )2 + (𝐴𝑦 )2 = √(2,680.65)2 + (4,643.02)2

𝑨 = 𝟓, 𝟑𝟔𝟏. 𝟑𝟎 𝒍𝒃
From 𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝛴𝑀𝐴 = −𝐵𝑦 (60) + 1200 (15) + 2000(18.75) + 4000(41.25) + 3,577.55(45)
+ 1,789.16(7.5)
𝐵𝑦 = 6,134.52 𝑙𝑏
From 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝛴𝐹𝑥 = −𝐵𝑥 + 𝐴𝑥 − 1,789.16 = −𝐵𝑥 + 2,680.65 − 1,789.16 = 0
𝐵𝑥 = −891.49 𝑙𝑏 𝑜𝑟 891.49 𝑙𝑏 ←
Therefore, 𝐵 = √(𝐵𝑥 )2 + (𝐵𝑦 )2 = √(891.49)2 + (6,134.52)2
𝑩 = 𝟔, 𝟏𝟗𝟖. 𝟗𝟔 𝒍𝒃
Illustrative Problem 2) The frame shown is supported in pivots at A and B. Each

member weighs 50 lb/ft. Compute the horizontal reaction at A and the horizontal
and vertical components of the reaction at B.

4
Solution:
The weight of each member is concentrated at the center of each member
600 𝑙𝑏
𝑨𝑿
3′
6′ 4′
8′
600 𝑙𝑏
6′
2000 𝑙𝑏
𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃
500 𝑙𝑏
3′
𝑩𝑿
Type equation here.
𝒚 𝑩
Solution:
First, we get the equivalent concentrated loads of each member due to its
weight.
𝑙𝑏
𝑊𝐴−𝐶−𝐹−𝐵 = (50 𝑓𝑡) (12𝑓𝑡) = 600 𝑙𝑏
𝑙𝑏
𝑊𝐶−𝐷−𝐸 = (50 𝑓𝑡 ) (12𝑓𝑡) = 600 𝑙𝑏
𝑙𝑏
𝑊𝐷−𝐹 = (50 𝑓𝑡) (10𝑓𝑡) = 500 𝑙𝑏
From 𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0
↑ 𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 𝐵𝑦 − 600 − 600 − 500 − 2000 = 0
𝑩𝒚 = 𝟑, 𝟕𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃
From 𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0 0
𝛴𝑀𝐴0 = −𝐵𝑥 (12) + 600(6) + 500(4) + 2000(12)

𝑩𝒙 = 𝟐, 𝟒𝟔𝟔. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟕 𝒍𝒃
From 𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0 0
𝛴𝑀𝐵 0= −𝐴𝑥 (12) + 600(6) + 500(4) + 2000(12)

𝑨𝒙 = −𝟐, 𝟒𝟔𝟔. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟕 𝒍𝒃 𝒐𝒓 𝟐𝟒𝟔𝟔. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟕 𝒍𝒃 ←

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To check equilibrium
From 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
0
← 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 𝐴𝑥 − 𝐵𝑥 = 2,466.67 − 2,466.67
𝟎 = 𝟎 (𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒄𝒌)
Illustrative Problem 3) Determine the load P required to hold the bar AB in a
horizontal position on the smooth inclines shown in the figure. Also determine the
reactions A and B.
Solution:
The support at A and B is shown
Applying the conditions of equilibrium 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0, 𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0, 𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0 provides a

solution which is quite cumbersome since it leads to three simultaneous equations
with three unknowns.
A much simpler solution is obtained by choosing a moment center which

eliminates two of the unknowns. Extending the line of action of 𝑅𝐴 and 𝑅𝐵 will
intersect at common point O. Taking moment at point will lead to
𝛴𝑀𝑂 = 𝑃(𝑥1 ) − 400(𝑥2 )

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To solve for 𝑥1 and 𝑥2 (by Sine Law), find for distance 𝐴𝑂 and 𝐵𝑂
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝑂 𝐵𝑂
𝑂
= 𝑂
=
𝑆𝑖𝑛 105 𝑆𝑖𝑛45 𝑆𝑖𝑛30𝑂
20 𝐴𝑂 𝐵𝑂
= =
𝑆𝑖𝑛 105𝑂 𝑆𝑖𝑛45𝑂 𝑆𝑖𝑛30𝑂
𝐴𝑂 = 14.64 𝑓𝑡
𝐵𝑂 = 10.35 𝑓𝑡
From the triangle 𝐴𝑂𝐷
𝐴𝐷
cos 30𝑂 =
14.64
𝐴𝐷 = 12.68 𝑓𝑡
𝑥1 = 𝐴𝐷 − 4 = 12.68 − 4
𝒙𝟏 = 𝟖. 𝟔𝟖 𝒇𝒕
From the triangle 𝐵𝑂𝐷
𝐷𝐵
cos 45𝑂 =
10.35
𝐷𝐵 = 7.32 𝑓𝑡
𝑥2 = 𝐷𝐵 − 2 = 7.32 − 2
𝒙𝟐 = 𝟓. 𝟑𝟐 𝒇𝒕
Hence, from 𝛴𝑀𝑂 = −𝑃(𝑥1 ) + 400(𝑥2 )

0 = −𝑃 (8.68) + 400(5.32)
𝑷 = 𝟐𝟒𝟓 𝒍𝒃
Find the reactions at A and B, (by Force-Triangle)
645 𝑅𝐴 𝑅𝐵
𝑂
= 𝑂
=
sin 75 sin 45 sin 60𝑂
𝑹𝑨 = 𝟒𝟕𝟐. 𝟏𝟕 𝒍𝒃
𝑹𝑩 = 𝟓𝟕𝟖. 𝟗𝟏 𝒍𝒃

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Illustrative Problem 4) The force system shown consists of the couple C and four
forces. If the resultant moment about point A is 500 lb-in counterclockwise,
determine P, Q and C.
Solution:
→ +𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
−𝑄𝑥 + 𝑃𝑥 + 80 = 0
12 4
− 𝑄 + 𝑃 + 80 = 0 − 𝑒𝑞′ 𝑛 1
13 5
↑ +𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0
−𝑄𝑦 + 𝑃𝑦 − 20 = 0
5 3
− 𝑄 + 𝑃 − 20 = 0 − 𝑒𝑞′ 𝑛 2
13 5
Solving simultaneously equation 1 and 2:

𝑷 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃 (𝒂𝒏𝒔)
𝑸 = 𝟐𝟔𝟎 𝒍𝒃 (𝒂𝒏𝒔)
to solve for C, we take moment about point A:

↻ +𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0
3 4
−500 = 20(3) + 𝐶 − 80(4) − 𝑃(6) − 𝑃(6)
5 5
Substituting 𝑃 = 200 𝑙𝑏 and solving for C, we have:
𝑪 = 𝟏𝟒𝟒𝟎 𝒍𝒃 − 𝒊𝒏 (𝒂𝒏𝒔)

Chapter 4. Equilibrium of Non Concurrent Force Systems

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4

4.5 Equilibrium of Non-Concurrent Force Systems

It was demonstrated that the resultant of a non-concurrent force system

College of Engineering and Architecture|Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges

The truss is supported by a roller at A inclined 30𝑂 and a hinge at B. The

By symmetry, the truss can be reduced as

College of Engineering and Architecture|Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges

↻ 𝛴𝑀𝐵0 = 𝐴𝑦 (60) − 1200(45) − 2000(41.25) − 4000(18.75) − 3577.55(15)

Therefore, 𝐴 = √(𝐴𝑥 )2 + (𝐴𝑦 )2 = √(2,680.65)2 + (4,643.02)2

Illustrative Problem 2) The frame shown is supported in pivots at A and B. Each

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𝛴𝑀𝐴0 = −𝐵𝑥 (12) + 600(6) + 500(4) + 2000(12)

𝛴𝑀𝐵 0= −𝐴𝑥 (12) + 600(6) + 500(4) + 2000(12)

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The support at A and B is shown

Applying the conditions of equilibrium 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0, 𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0, 𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0 provides a

A much simpler solution is obtained by choosing a moment center which

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From the triangle 𝐴𝑂𝐷

Hence, from 𝛴𝑀𝑂 = −𝑃(𝑥1 ) + 400(𝑥2 )

Find the reactions at A and B, (by Force-Triangle)

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Solving simultaneously equation 1 and 2:

to solve for C, we take moment about point A:

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