1 - Society and Literature2 2 1

SOCIETY
& Literature
Panitikang
PANLIPUNAN
Evelyn L. Pacquing
St. Paul University Philippines
Deskripsyon
• Pag-aaral at paglikha ng
panitikang Filipino na
nakatuon sa kabuluhang
tekstong literari sa iba’t-
ibang bahagi ng
kasaysayan ng bansang
Pilipinas;
• Pagtalakay sa mga isyung
panlipunan;
COURSE OUTLINE
I. Fundamentals of Literary Criticism
A. Basic Termin0logies
B. “Kasaysayan, Sining, Lipunan: Ang Politika ng Panitikan sa Makabagong Panahon” (E. San Juan, Jr. )
C. #RevolutionGo: Tungkol sa Makabayang Panitikan sa Panahon ng Facebook, Twitter at Instagram
(Kerima Lorena Tariman)
D. Literary Approaches (+ Readers’ Response ; With Guide questions)
II. Panitikan hinggil sa Kahirapan/ Literatures on Poverty

A. Footnote to Youth (Jose Garcia Villa)
B. OPEN FOR SUGGESTIONS
III. Panitikan hinggil sa Karapatang Pantao/ Literatures on

Human Rights
A. The Poverty of a Woman Who Turned Herself into Stone (Lina Sagaral-Reyes)
B. Magnificence (Estrella Alfon)
C. OPEN FOR SUGGESTIONS
IV. Panitikan hinggil sa Isyung Pangkasarian /

Literatures on Gender Issues
A. Avocado Tree (Marcelino Foronda)
B. Liham Ni Pinay Mula Sa Brunei ( Ruth Elynia S. Mabanglo)
C. OPEN FOR SUGGESTIONS
V. Panitikan hinggil sa Sitwasyon ng Pangkat Minorya/

Literatures on the Situation of the Minority Groups
What is SOCIETY?
• According to sociologists,
a Society is a group of people
with common territory,
interaction, and culture. Social
Groups consist of two or more
people who interact and identify
with one another..
LITERATURE
❑“Litera” – Latin word which literally means
an “acquaintance with letters”
❑Webster defines literature as anything that

is printed, as long as it is related to the
ideas and feelings of people, whether it is
true, or just a product of one’s imagination
LITERATURE
• Language artistically used to
achieve identifiable literary qualities
and to convey meaningful
messages. Literature is
characterized by beauty of
expression and form and by
universality of intellectual and
emotional appeal.
Other Definitions
1) The definition of 14th century:
➢ It means polite learning through reading. A
man of literature or a man of letters = a man of
wide reading, “literacy”
➢ practice and profession of writing
➢ the high skills of writing in the special context
of high imagination
4) Robert Frost’s definition:
➢ performance in words
5) Modern definition:
➢ We can define literature as language
artistically used to achieve identifiable
literary qualities and to convey
meaningful messages. Literature is
characterized by beauty of expression and
form and by universality intellectual and
emotional appeal.
LITERATURE
❑ a product of particular culture that

concretizes man’s array of values, emotions,
actions and ideas. It is therefore a creation of
human experiences that tells about people
and their world.
LITERATURE
❑ The best way to understand human nature
fully and to know a nation completely is to
study literature (Garcia, et al, 1993 cited in Gutierrez-Ang 2012)
❑Literature is a faithful production of life …. In

a sense is a product and a commentary of life
process.
❑Literature illuminates life.
Why do people read literature?
1) Reading for Pleasure
➢ Howells think that “the study of literature
should begin and end in pleasure”. Apart from
its role of protest, education, cognition and
aesthetic appreciation, literature primarily
gives pleasure.
2) Reading for Relaxation
➢ Get readers away to an imaginary world, thus
forget their problems and obligations of
everyday life.
3) Reading to Acquire Knowledge
➢ It gives readers an insight into the tradition ,
custom, belief, attitudes, folklore, values of
the age in which it is written.
4) Reading to Confront Experience
➢ Literature is appealing mainly because
of its relationship to human experience.
It sheds light on the complexity and
ambiguity of human experiences and
thus broadens readers’ awareness of
the possibilities of the experience.
5) Reading for Artistic Appreciation
➢ Good craftsmanship and the beauty of
expression and form; It can be analyzed
according to literary theories and
criteria; literary criticism, to clarify,
explain and evaluate literature from an
aesthetic point of view.
Importance of Literature in Society
1) Literature helps expand horizons
2) Literature gives a look into the past,
present and future
3) Literature gives a view into the human
condition
4) Literature helps build critical thinking
skills
5) Literature makes for better writers
Source:
https://www.reference.com/art-
literature/importance-literature-society-
1a66a3cd21a90dd8
PANUNURING
PAMPANITIKAN
➢Ito ay isang malalim na

paghihimay sa mga akdang
pampanitikan sa pamamagitan
ng paglalapat ng iba’t ibang dulog
ng kritisismo para sa mabisang
pag-unawa sa malikhaing
manunulat at katha.
PANUNURING
PAMPANITIKAN
➢Ang pagsusuring pampanitikan

ay isang pag-aaral, pagtalakay,
pagsusuri at pagpapaliwanag ng
panitikan.
PANUNURING
PAMPANITIKAN
➢Ang pagsusuring pampanitikan

ay isang pag-aaral, pagtalakay,
pagsusuri at pagpapaliwanag ng
panitikan.
KASAYSAYAN AT PANITIKAN
➢Ang panitikan ay hindi lamang
lumilinang ng nasyonalismo
kundi ito’y nag-iingat din ng mga
karanasan, tradisyon at mga
mithiin ng bawat bansa. Ito ay
isang ilaw sa walang kamatayang
tumatanglaw sa kabihasnan ng
tao.
KASAYSAYAN AT PANITIKAN
➢Ang panitikan ay maaaring
kathang-isip lamang samantalang
ang kasaysayan ay pawang mga
pangyayaring tunay na naganap.
• “Kasaysayan, Sining, Lipunan: Ang Politika ng
Panitikan sa Makabagong Panahon” ni E. San Juan, Jr.
https://journals.ateneo.edu/ojs/index.php/kk/article/view/KK201
5.02409/2045
• #RevolutionGo: Tungkol sa Makabayang Panitikan sa
Panahon ng Facebook, Twitter at Instagram ni
Kerima Lorena Tariman
https://www.bulatlat.com/2016/09/05/revolutiongo-tungkol-sa-
makabayang-panitikan-sa-panahon-ng-facebook-twitter-
instagram/
(NOTE for TEACHERS: #RevolutionGO needs careful processing of
students’ responses/ students’ understanding of the text.)

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SOCIETY

II. Panitikan hinggil sa Kahirapan/ Literatures on Poverty

III. Panitikan hinggil sa Karapatang Pantao/ Literatures on

IV. Panitikan hinggil sa Isyung Pangkasarian /

V. Panitikan hinggil sa Sitwasyon ng Pangkat Minorya/

❑Webster defines literature as anything that

❑ a product of particular culture that

❑Literature is a faithful production of life …. In

➢Ito ay isang malalim na

➢Ang pagsusuring pampanitikan

➢Ang pagsusuring pampanitikan

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