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    Lesson 2 - Earth's Lithosphere and Hydrosphere

    Uploaded by

    Joanna Ruth Sepro

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lesson 2 - Earth's Lithosphere and Hydrosphere

    Uploaded by

    Joanna Ruth Sepro
    28 views32 pages

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    Lesson 2- Earth's Lithosphere and Hydrosphere

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    28 views32 pages

    Lesson 2 - Earth's Lithosphere and Hydrosphere

    Uploaded by

    Joanna Ruth Sepro

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 32

    AS A FILIPINO, DO YOU REALLY BELIEVE

    THAT IT’S MORE FUN HERE IN THE PHILIPPINES?


    WHY? WHAT PLACES ARE OFTEN PROMOTED TO
    FOREIGNERS AND INVESTORS INTERESTED IN
    OUR PLACE? WHAT’S PRESENT IN THOSE
    PLACES THAT ENTICED THEM? HOW MUCH DO
    YOU KNOW THE PLACES AND THE RESOURCES
    OF OUR COUNTRY?
    EARTH’S SYSTEMS:
    LITHOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE
    LITHOSPHERE

    Solid portion of
    the earth;
    made of rocks
    LAYERS OF THE • Crust – thinnest and
    EARTH’S INTERIOR outermost – continental and
    oceanic
    • Moho – a zone that separates
    the crust and mantle
    • Mantle – thickest layer
    • Core – innermost and central
    region
    • Outer core – liquid; iron-
    rich metal alloy
    • Inner core – heavy iron and
    nickel
    ROCKS AND MINERALS
    Petrology – science that deals with the
    study of the formation, composition, and
    classification of rocks
    ROCKS VS. MINERALS
    • MINERALS
    • ROCKS
    • NATURALLY FORMED
    • SOLID MIXTURE OF ELEMENTS OR
    OF MINERALS COMPOUNDS
    • HAVE CRYSTALS
    • NOT MADE OF ROCKS
    TYPES OF ROCKS
    • 3 TYPES OF ROCKS

    • IGNEOUS
    • SEDIMENTARY
    • METAMORPHIC
    • FORMED WHEN
    MAGMA COOLS AND
    HARDENS
    (SOLIDIFIES)

    • ALL TYPES OF
    ROCKS CAN BE
    CHANGED INTO
    IGNEOUS ROCK BY
    MELTING &
    COOLING OF ANY
    ROCK
    • FORMED WHEN ROCKS ARE
    WEATHERED AND ERODED,
    SEDIMENTS COMPACT AND
    CEMENT SOLID ROCK
    • FOSSILIZED REMAINS OF
    PLANTS OR ANIMALS
    • FRAGMENTS OF OTHER ROCK ARE
    SEDIMENTS ARE “GLUED”
    TOGETHER BY DISSOLVED
    MINERALS
    • ALL TYPES OF ROCKS CAN BE CHANGED INTO
    SEDIMENTARY ROCK BY WEATHERING,
    EROSION, & SEDIMENTS COMPACTING &
    CEMENTING TOGETHER
    FORMED WHEN
    EXISTING ROCK IS
    CHANGED INTO
    NEW ROCK BY THE
    HEATING OF THE
    ROCK AND
    PRESSURE FROM
    OTHER ROCKS
    AROUND IT.
    • ALL TYPES OF ROCKS
    CAN BE CHANGED
    INTO METAMORPHIC
    ROCK BY HEAT AND
    PRESSURE
    The color of rocks
    may be different
    because of the Breccia Sedimentary
    minerals or other
    substances that
    make it up.
    Gneiss Metamorphic

    Quartzite Metamorphic
    Granite Igneous
    THE ROCK CYCLE
    • One of the cycles of
    nature that continually
    recycles rocks &
    materials that make up
    Earth’s crust
    • Summarizes how each
    of the three types of
    rocks is formed
    LANDFORMS
    Earth’s
    Hydrosphere
    consists of the
    Earth’s water
    resources
    Earth’s Oceans
    The Philippines is
    an archipelago, and
    it is separated by
    bodies of water
    from mainland Asia.
    • World’s largest
    ocean
    • Mariana Trench is
    located in the
    western North
    Pacific – the
    deepest part in the
    world

    Pacific Ocean
    • Second largest
    ocean and most
    heavily travelled

    Atlantic Ocean
    • 3rd largest ocean
    • Named after the
    country India

    Indian Ocean
    • Smallest ocean
    • Mostly surrounding
    the Arctic north
    polar region

    Arctic Ocean
    CHARACTERISTICS OF OCEAN WATER

    • Ocean water is salty.


    • Ocean water is denser than pure water.
    • Temperature of water varies with location.
    • Dissolved gases are important in
    maintaining life activities of marine
    organisms.
    ORGANISMS THAT INHABIT THE OCEAN
    1. Planktons –
    microscopic organisms
    that float on the
    surface of water
    2. Nektons – larger
    swimming species like
    fish, squids, turtles,
    sharks, and whales
    3. Benthos – organisms
    that live at the bottom
    OTHER BODIES OF WATER
    STREAMS
    RAPIDS
    WATERFALLS

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