Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 62 views

    P Short Term Perception P Long Term Perception P: Perception of Flicker Perception of Flicker

    Uploaded by

    Vigneshwaran Kandaswamy
    IEEE and IEC standards specify measuring the perception of flicker with a flicker meter. Pst measures short term perception over 10 minutes, while Plt measures long term perception over 12 consecutive Pst values (2 hours). A Pst measurement of 1.0 or greater indicates an irritating flicker level, with maximum recommended levels depending on voltage class. Plt is calculated from 12 successive Pst values measured over 2 hours, and will be less than the largest 10 minute Pst value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    P Short Term Perception P Long Term Perception P: Perception of Flicker Perception of Flicker

    Uploaded by

    Vigneshwaran Kandaswamy
    62 views4 pages
    IEEE and IEC standards specify measuring the perception of flicker with a flicker meter. Pst measures short term perception over 10 minutes, while Plt measures long term perception over 12 consecutive Pst values (2 hours). A Pst measurement of 1.0 or greater indicates an irritating flicker level, with maximum recommended levels depending on voltage class. Plt is calculated from 12 successive Pst values measured over 2 hours, and will be less than the largest 10 minute Pst value.

    Original Title

    pst-plt-concepts

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    IEEE and IEC standards specify measuring the perception of flicker with a flicker meter. Pst measures short term perception over 10 minutes, while Plt measures long term perception over 12 consecutive Pst values (2 hours). A Pst measurement of 1.0 or greater indicates an irritating flicker level, with maximum recommended levels depending on voltage class. Plt is calculated from 12 successive Pst values measured over 2 hours, and will be less than the largest 10 minute Pst value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    62 views4 pages

    P Short Term Perception P Long Term Perception P: Perception of Flicker Perception of Flicker

    Uploaded by

    Vigneshwaran Kandaswamy
    IEEE and IEC standards specify measuring the perception of flicker with a flicker meter. Pst measures short term perception over 10 minutes, while Plt measures long term perception over 12 consecutive Pst values (2 hours). A Pst measurement of 1.0 or greater indicates an irritating flicker level, with maximum recommended levels depending on voltage class. Plt is calculated from 12 successive Pst values measured over 2 hours, and will be less than the largest 10 minute Pst value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Pst and Plt Concepts

    IEEE 1453 and IEC 61000


    P = Perception of Flicker

    Voltage changes on the grid could result in observable “Flicker” from lighting equipment.
    If the voltage changes are sudden, frequent or have large amplitude … it is irritating to humans.
    IEEE and IEC are converging on standards to quantify this Perception of Flicker
    IEEE and IEC standards specify measuring the Perception of Flicker with a qualifying “Flicker Meter”.
    the standards specify:
    • Pst = short term perception
    • Plt = long term perception

    Real time Pst must be measured and “statistically evaluated" with an IEEE or IEC compliant flicker meter.
    a purely analytical calculation of Pst is likely impossible ... it requires memory of past events.

    Pst is based upon an observation or measurement period of ten (10) minutes.


    Plt is then calculated from twelve (12) consecutive Pst values.
    the max of these measured values over a few weeks would determine flicker severity.

    a Pst measurement >= 1.0 indicates an “irritating” flicker level.


    Recommended Max Levels
    MV HV - EHV
    1 kV < MV < 35 kV
    Pst 0.9 0.8 35 kV < HV < 230 kV
    Plt 0.7 0.6 230 kV < EHV
    Pst and Plt Concepts (cont.)

    the 𝑃𝑠𝑡 short-term evaluation of flicker severity is based upon an observation period of 10 minutes.
    after all the measurements over the 10 minute period have been collected…
    𝑃𝑠𝑡 is evaluated with:

    𝑃𝑠𝑡 = 0.0314𝑃0.1 + 0.0525𝑃1𝑠 + 0.0657𝑃3𝑠 + 0.28𝑃10𝑠 + 0.08𝑃50𝑠


    no smoothing where:
    P0.1 P1s P3s P10s and P50s
    are the %flicker levels that are exceeded for
    0.1 1 3 10 and 50 % of the time.
    the subscript “s” represents smoothed or averaged values using :

    𝑃0.7 + 𝑃1 + 𝑃1.5 𝑃6 + 𝑃8 + 𝑃10 + 𝑃13 + 𝑃17


    𝑃1𝑠 = 𝑃10𝑠 =
    3 5
    𝑃2.2 + 𝑃3 + 𝑃4 𝑃30 + 𝑃50 + 𝑃80
    𝑃3𝑠 = 𝑃50𝑠 =
    3 3

    the “P” terms on the right side of these equations represent the flicker levels
    that are exceeded a percent of the time specified by the subscript.
    for example:
    P1.5 represents the flicker level that is exceeded 1.5% of the time.
    Pst and Plt Concepts (cont.)

    The 𝑃𝑙𝑡 long-term evaluation of flicker severity is calculated from 12 successive 𝑃𝑠𝑡 values.
    (12 - 10 minute periods or a two hour evaluation)
    𝑃𝑙𝑡 is calculated with:

    12
    3
    1
    𝑃𝑙𝑡 = 𝑃𝑠𝑡3 𝑖
    12
    𝑖=1

    this equation shows that the 2 hour 𝑃𝑙𝑡 value will be less than the largest 10 minute 𝑃𝑠𝑡 value.
    it also shows that if all 𝑃𝑠𝑡 values are equal, then 𝑃𝑙𝑡 = 𝑃𝑠𝑡
    (which is true for voltage changing wave forms that are periodic and rectangular)
    Questions or Comments …
    contact us

    You might also like