Prabhutva Level 2 - Solution (2013 To 2017)

FOUNDATION
B UILDER
PRABHUTVA LEVEL 2
C LASS : VIII
T OPIC :
D ATE :
2013
1. Diagonals of a rectangle ABCD intersect at point O. On the ray DB, Point E in such that m
. Find the measure of
Sol. Since ABCD is a rectangle, AC = BD
i.e. AO = OB = OC = OD
In
ABO = BAO (Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
Also,
Thus,
Now, in AOB,
According to the angle sum property of a triangle
37 + 37 + AOB = 180o
Also
So,
2. Add
PACE IIT & MEDICAL: Mumbai / Delhi & NCR / Goa / Akola / Kolkata / Nashik / Pune / Bokaro / Dubai # 1
Sol.
0.353535353535 + 0.472472472472
= 0.826007826007
3. The sides of a triangle are 7.2 cm, 7.2 cm and 10.2 cm. without drawing the figure, how will you
convince your friend that measure of one of its angles is nearly ?
Sol. Sides of a triangle are 7.2 cm, 7.2 cm and 10.2 cm
Let sides be AB = 7.2, BC = 7.2 and AC = 10.2
Now
Adding the square of length of two smaller sides,
AB2 + BC2 = (7.2)2 + (7.2)2
AB2 + BC2 = 51.84 + 51.84
AB2 + BC2 = 103.68 ……(1)
And the square of length of the largest side
AC = (10.2)
AC = 104.04 …..(2)
From equation (1) and (2)
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
So, (Pythagoras theorem)
4. is a parallelogram. Find BD, if AB = 8 cm, AC = 34 and seg AB Seg BD

Sol. Since the diagonals of a parallelogram always
bisect each other,

AO = OC = 17 cm and OB = OD
Since, seg AB seg BD
So, in
According to the Pythagoras theorem
(AO)2 = (AB)2 + (BO)2
(17)2 = (8)2 +(BO)2
289 = 64 + (BO)2
(BO)2 = 289 – 64
(BO)2 = 225
BO = 15 cm
Also, OB = OD = 15cm
BD = OB + OD = 15 + 15 = 30 cm
5. Draw a circle of any convenient radius construct with the help of compass and ruler only, a regular
octagon inscribed in the circle.
Sol. Draw Yourself
6. Solve
Sol.
Let 2x be a
32 a 2 + a – 2056 = 0
3a2 + 257a – 256a – 2056 = 0
A (32A + 257) – 8(32a + 257) = 0
(32a + 257) (a – 8) = 0
32 a + 257 = 0 a–8 =0
a=8 a=8
7. In the figure, seg AE is the diameter of a circle with centre O and seg AB and seg BC are chords,
Seg AD Seg BC. If / (AB) = 12, / (BD) = 6 and / (CE) = 8, find the radius of the circle.
Sol.
…. Angle in semicirde
…..Angles in same are
…..AA test
8. The lines containing alternate sides of a regular polygon intersect each other at an angle of 108 o what
is the number of sides of polygon?
Sol. Sides of the regular polygon are always equal. Since the line containing alternate sides of the
polygon intersect each other at 180o one sector of angle 180o contains 3 sides of the regular polygon.
Now only 2 sectors of 180 o are possible,
Because, 180 + 180 = 360
Thus, no. of side = 3 + 3 = 6
Thus no. of sides of a polygon is 6.
9. A, B and C can complete a work in 8, 16 and 24 days respectively. They together started the work.
But C left work 1 day before completion. So A alone completed it. Find the number of days required
to complete the work.
Sol. Let the total work to be done be W.
Speed of working of A is per day
Speed of working of B is per day
Speed of working of C is per day

If all of them work together
Speed
Speed =
Time taken to complete the work =

So, A, B and C work together for 3 days and then C leaves.
So work done =
Work remaining =
Now, speed of A and B together =

So, time taken by A and B together,
Thus A and B work together for 1 day and then B leaves
So, work done =
Work remaining =
Now. A work alone
Speed of
So time taken by A to complete =
So, total time taken = 3 + 1 + 1 = 5 days
10. Find the value of if

Sol. x2 – 4x + 1 = 0
If
Similarly,
If
So,
11. Find the digit in place of in the product
Sol. Multiplying the two numbers,

We get
So,
12. 66556655…..5566 is a 1998 digit number. Find the quotient and the remainder the number is divided
by 1331. Find also the number of digits in the quotient.
Sol.
So,
So, the quotient is remainder is 66
And the number of digits in quotient is 500
Ans: (Quotient = (50505050….500)
Remainder = 66, digits in quotient = 500)
13. When 86037 were divided by a three digit number the successive remainders were 312, 383 and 1.
What were the divisor and the coefficient ?
Sol.
We see that 848, 2740, 3836
Common factors = 2 2 137
= 584
The divisor is 584
14. The side of a wooden cube is 18 cm. If some cubes of side 5 cm and some cubes of side 3 cm are to
be obtained by cutting the cube. What would be the maximum number of cubes
Sol. Volume of the largest cube
Let the number of 5 cm cube be x. And, the number of 3 cm cube by y

Now, volume of 5 cm cube
And volume of 3 cm cube
Now, according to the given condition

125x + 27y = 5832
Also, x + y must be maximum
Since volume of 3 cm cube is less, its quantity should be maximum
For x + y to be maximum
So, If y = 216x = 0
Which is not possible
So, y = 91 than x = 21
Hence, maximum number of cubes
= 91 + 27 = 118
15. Find the largest possible product of three prime numbers whose sum is 100
Sol. Now 100 as a sum of three prime numbers can be
100 = 79 + 19 + 2 100 = 67 + 31 + 2 100 = 61 + 37 + 2
So product for each case is
Here, largest product is 4514

So, required prime numbers are = 61, 37, 2
16. In the figure, sides of are 10, 10 and 16. Points B, C and R; points A, A and P; pointa A, B
ans Q are collinear. Observe additional ingormation shown in the figure and find the area of triangle
PQR.
Sol. From the figure we observe that

AP= AC = 10 cm AB = AQ = 10 cm BC = CR = 16 cm
Now,
In
…..(Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
So.
17. In the given multiplication sum, the same letters are used to denote same digits and different letters
for different digits. Find the digits in places of letters and write the sum
Sol. From the above arrangement

We observe that MAD E = MAD
Thus, E = 1
Also M + A = M
So, A = 0 or A + E > 10
But E = 1
So, A = 9
So, I = 0
Now, …..1
So, B and D can only be 3 and 7.
If B = 7 : D = 3 the equation is not satisfied, as A = 3 and 9 both
So, If B = 3; D = 7
Equation is satisfied R + 1 = 9
So, R = 8
And
M=2
Hence
A = 9, B = 3, D = 7, E = 1, I = 0, M = 2 and R = 8
Ans: (A = 9, B = 3, D = 7, E = 1, I = 0, M = 2 and R = 8)
2014
1. In the product of all divisors of 729 is written in the form of 3o ,find value of a.
Sol.
2. Do there exist natural numbers x, y such that xy (x – y) = 45045? Justify your answer
Sol. On prime factorization of 45045 we see that
Now numbers 3, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13 cannot be arranged in any equation such that they satisfy the values
of x and y for
xy (x – y) = 45045
So there exist no natural numbers x and y.
3. If N = 1! + 2! + 3! + 4!+ ….. Show that N is
not a perfect square .
Sol. N = 1! + 2! + 3! + 4! …..+15!
N = 1! + 2! + 3! + 4! 5 + 6! + 6! 7 + 8! + 8! 9 + 10! + 10! 11+12!+12! 13+14!+14! 15
N = 1 + 2!(4) + 4!(6) + 6!(8) + 8!(10) + 10!(12) + 12!(14) + 14!(16)
N = 1 + 8 + 144 + 5760 + 403200 + 43545600 + 6706022400 + 1394852659200
N = 14014602636313
N = (1183893.000364)2
Hence N is not a perfect square.
4. A cylinder is melted and a cone is prepared such that the diameter of the cone is 80% of the diameter
of the cylinder. Find the ratio of the height of the cylinder and the height of the cone.
Sol. Let the diameter of the cylinder be d.
So, diameter of the cone is 80% of d = d

Let height of cylinder be h1 and height of cone be h2.
Since cylinder is melted and made into cone, their volume will be equal
Volume of cone = volume of cylinder
Thus, h1 : h2 = 16 : 75
5. Construct ABC such that l (BC) = 6cm, median BE = median CF = 5.5 cm.
Sol. Try yourself
6. A car left city A towards city B at a certain average speed. After covering a distance of 60 km, due to
bad road conditions. It had to travel at 2/3 of its original speed hence it reached city B 40 minutes
late. Had the can met bad conditions after covering 90 km, it would have reached city B 20 minutes
late. What was the initial average speed of the car?
Sol. Let the average speed of the car be km/hr
Let the total distance from A to B be D
Let time required ideally be T
Now, Distance = Speed Time
So, according to the given condition, time taken to reach city
……(1)
Also,
…….(2)
7. Neha approached for an examination and attempted all of. The 50 multiple choice questions. Each
correct answer was to gain 3 marks while each wrong answer would lose 1 mark. The result car
showed that she secured 120 marks. She immediately said, “ the marks entered are wrong.” State,
with reasons, whether Neha’s conclusion was right or wrong.
Sol. Let correct answers be x
So, incorrect answers be 50 – x
According to the given conditions
3x – (50 – x) = 120 3x – 50 +x = 120
4x = 120 + 50 4x = 170
But no. of answers correct can be fractional. So it is incorrect, i.e. marks entered are wrong hence
Neha was right
8. If the trinomials x2 – 3x + p and 2x2 + 5x + 3 have 1 factor in common,

find value of p
Sol. We have
= 2x2 + 5x + 3 = 2x2 + 2x + 3x + 3
= 2x(x + 1) + 3(x + 1) = (2x+ 3) (x + 1)
According to the given conditions,
x2 – 3x + p may have either (2x+ 3) or (x + 1) as its factor
i.e. for either or x = –1 value of the polynomial will be zero

or
or
or
or or p = –4
Since the value of p should be an integer so that the coefficients of other variable terms do not
change
p cannot be fraction
So, p = –4
9. In a certain investment scheme, a certain sum at certain rate of increases by 50% in 3 years hen
compounded annually. A person invested Rs x for 4 years and Rs y for 7 years in the scheme. He
found that he received the same amounts at the end of respective periods. Find the ration of x and y.
Sol. According to the scheme,
Total amount = Principal
……(1)
Now,
According to the conditions given for x and y
We have,
Total amount …….(2)

And
Total amount = ……..(3)

It is given that both amounts are equal so equations (1) = equation (2)
i.e.
So,
Now, from equation (1)

We get
Hence, x : y = 3 : 2
10. Each letter ion the adjacent sum is used for different digits. Solve the sum and find the value of each
letter.
Sol.
11. In the adjoining figure, seg PQ || Seg BC || Seg Rs; Seg SD || Seg QT || Seg AB; and Seg RT|| Seg PD
|| Seg AC. How many triangles, parallelograms and trapeziums are there in the figure? Which of
them are maximum?
Sol. Triangles in the figure are:
APQ, PRO, QOS, POQ, ROT, BRT, TOD, DOS, DSC, ARS, PBD, QTC, ABC = 13
Parallelograms in the figure:
PQOR, PQSO, ROTB, RODT, OSDT, DOSC, PQTB, AQTR, PQCD, RSDB, RSCT, APOQ, PRTO,
QODS = 15
Trapeziums in the figure:
PQSR, RODB, OSCT, RSDT, PQCB, SDTQ, TQPR, BTOP, AQOR, SDBA, RTDP, PQSD, APOS,
QODC, RTCA = 15
Hence, parallelograms and trapeziums are maximum
12. Write the number formed by the digit at tens place and at units place of the number 755
Sol. 71 = 7 75 = 16807 79 = 40348707
2 6
7 = 49 7 = 117649 710 = 282440949
3 7
7 = 343 7 = 823443 711 = 1977086643
74 = 2401 78 = 5764101 712 = 13839606501
So, According to the above observation
(7)55 = 750 75 (7)55 = …. 49 ….07 (7)55 = …..43
13. a, b. c and d are numbers. The sum of d and the average of a, b and c is 37. The average of b,c and d
is added to a, we get 19. The average of c, d and a is added to be, we get 21. The sum of c and
average of d, a and b is 25. Find a, b, c and d
Sol. According to the given conditions,
……(1)
…….(2)
………(3)
……….(4)
Now, adding equation (1), (2), (3) and (4) we get
6a + 6b + 6c + 6d = 306
a + b + c + d = 51
Putting the above equation in equation (1), (2), (3) and (4) simultaneously
We get,
51 + 2d = 111 2d = 60 d = 30
51 + 2a = 57 2a = 6 a=3
51 + 2b = 63 2b = 12 b=6
51 + 2c = 75 2c = 24 c = 12
Hence, a = 3, b = 6, c = 12 and d = 30
14. (CUT) = TIGHT. In this example letters are used for digits. The same letter denotes the same digits
and different letters denote different digits. Find the value of each letter and rewrite the sum in digits
Sol. T must be such that,
So, T can be 5 or 6
For C = 5
C must be such that product is 5……5
So, C can be only 2
Now For C = 2 If U = 3 or 4
But neither of them gives distinct values of 1 G and H
For C = 6
C must be such that product is 6…..6
So, C can be only 2
Now for C = 2 If U = 4 or 5 For U = 4
1 = 0, G = 5 and H = 1
Distinct values for different letters
Hence,
C = 2, U = 4, T = 6, I = 0, G = 5 and H = 1 (CUT)2 = (246)2 = 60516
15. Q is any point on the interior of the equilateral ABC having side 6 cm. perpendiculars draws to
each side of ABC from point Q. Find the sum of lengths of all perpendiculars.
Sol. We, join the three vertices of the triangle to the point Q.
Now,
Hence, the sum of the lengths of perpendiculars is cm
16. In the adjacent figure, is a rectangle, L (PS) = 5cm , l (PQ) = 4 cm. find the point T on side
PS such that the segment TR is the bisector of .
Sol.
17. Find the remainder when (15 + 25 + 35 + 45 + …… + 995 + 100 5) is divided by 4.
Sol. (15 + 25 + 35 + 45 + ……+995 + 100 5)
Dividing the equation by 4,
We get,
So remainder will only be due to odd terms so, remainder
= Remainder
= 1 + 3 + 1 + 3 …..+1+3 = 1 25+3 24 = 25 +72 = 97
Thus we see that remainder is also divisible by 4
Hence remainder is 1
18. The sum and the difference of the I.C.M and GCD of two numbers is 592 and 518 respectively. If the
sum of two numbers is 296, find the number
Sol. Let the two numbers be a and b.
Now, according to the conditions,
LCM + GCD = 592 LCM – GCD = 518
2LCM = 1110 LCM = 333; GCD = 37
Now,
Also ijk pqr 37 = 555 ijk pqr = 15

So, ijk = 3 and pqr = 5
Thus
and ,
Hence the two numbers are 111 and 185
19. Four merchants were close friends. One of them had 8 rubies, the other had 10 sapphires, the third
had 100 pearls and the fourth friend had 4 diamonds. Each of them gave one gem to each of his
friends. Hence the cost of the gems each one possessed become equal. If the cost of a pearl was Rs.
100. What was the cost of each ruby. Sapphire and diamond?
Sol. Let the cost of a ruby be r
Let the cost of a sapphire be s
Let the cost of a siamond be d
And cost of a pearl is Rs. 100
After the exchange
Cost of gems 1st friend has =
Cost of gems 2nd friend has = 7s + r + 100 + d
Cost of gems 3rd friend has = 97(100) + s + r + d
Cost of gems 4th friend has = s + r + 100 + 2d
Now, according to the given condition, Worth of gems with all friends is equal.
So,
5r +s + 100 + d = 7s + r + 100 + 4r = 6s ……..(1)
7s + r + 100 + d = s + r + 100 + 2d6s = d ……..(2)
97(100) + s + r +d = s +r + 100 + 2d
96(100) + 100 = 100 + d
d = 9600
From equation – 2
s = 1600
From equation –1
r = 2400
Hence cost of each gem is:
Ruby = Rs. 2400, Sapphire = Rs. 1600 and Diamond = Rs. 9600
Ans: (Ruby = Rs. 2400, Sapphire = Rs. 1600 and Diamond = Rs. 9600)
20. A bottle contains pure glycerin. 10% of it was taken out from the bottle and the same volume of
water was added to the bottle. Again 10% of the mixture was taken out from the bottle and same
volume of water was added to the bottle. The same procedure was repeated one more time. What
was the ratio of remaining glycerin and water in the bottle?
Sol. Let the initial pure glycerin be 100 L. 10% was taken out from bottle and replaced by water
So,
Mixture = 90 L glycerin + 10 L water
Again 10% of it was taken and replaced by water.
Mixture = 81 L glycerin + 19L water
Again, 10% of it was taken and replaced by water
Mixture = 72.9 L glycerin + 27.1 L water ratio of glycerin and water in bottle
Thus, Glycerin : Water = 729 : 271
2015
1. Find x and y
Sol.
This is only possible in 1 case
x – y = 0 and 4y – 3 =0
x = y and
Hence,
2. a, b, c, d and e are distinct integers such that (8-a) (8-b) (8-c) (8-d) (8-e) = 112 find the values of a, b,
c, d and e.
Sol. If a, b, c, d and e are distinct integers then, (8 – a) (8 – b) (8 – c) (8 –d) (8 –e) are distance integers.
Now,
On prime factorization of 112
We get,
So,
So,
8 – a = 1; a = 7
8 – b = –2; b = 10
8 – c = 2; c = 6
8 – d = –4; d = 12
8 – e = 7; e = 1
Hence values are
a = 7, b = 10, c = 6, d = 12 and e = 1
3. Five friends A, B, C, D and E were playing marbles. A says to B, it you give me 3 marbles, you will
have as many marbles as D has A and B together have 10 marbles more than that D and E together
have. B has two marbles more than what C has. Total number of marbles is 133. How many marbles
did B have?
Sol. Let initial number of marbles with A, B, C, D and E be a, b, c, d and e
Now,
According to the given condition
b–3=e ……(1) b+3=d ……(2)
a + b = e + d +10 …….(3) c=b–2 ……(4)
a + b + c + d + e = 133 …….(5)
Now, adding equation (1) and (2)
We get,
2b = e + d …..(6)
So, equation 3 becomes a + b = 2b + 10
a = b + 10 ……(7)
Now, put equation (4), (6) and (7) in equation (5)
b + 10 + b + b – 2 + 2b = 133
5b + 8 = 133
5b + 8 = 125
b = 25
Hence B initially had 25 marbles.
4. Solve the cross number puzzle. Across

(a) product of three prime number (one of them is 53)
(d) Square of number
(e) Consecutive number in descending order down
(a) Fourth power of a number
(b) Square of a number
(c) Product of digits in the number is 108
(f) multiple of 11 (ending in 5)
Sol. f) 55
e) 6, 5, 4, 3
b) 144, 324, 484, 784 but
d) across is a perfect square so, only 144 satisfies the condition
b) 144 c) 2932
Product of digits in number is 108 prime factorization of 108
or
If 2932 is used no value of a (across) is possible

So, 4931
a) (down) fourth power of a number, ending in 6
(three digit number) 256.
a) (across)
product of three primes
5. Find the GCD of 54747 and 8602599

Sol. By the prime factorization of 54747 and 8602599
We see,
Hence GCD is 3
6. In a cultural programme, 8 chairs in a row are reserved for 4 couples. It is customary that each
couple occupies adjacent chairs. In how many ways can that couple occupy the 8 chairs ?
Sol. Let couples be ab, cd, ef and gh
So No. of ways
ab, cd, ef and gh can be arranged
ab [cd(ef gh)]
ab [cd(ef hg)]
ab [cd (fe gh)] = 4
ab [cd (fe hg)]
Now, cd can interchange = 8
And ab can interchange = 16
So, total number of ways =
7. Five digit number WEB TV multipliled by single digit A gives 6 digit number DDDDDD. Find value
of WEBTV, A and D each Each letter denotes a different digit.
Sol. If D = 9, A = no possible value
If D = 8, A = 9, WEBTV = fraction
If D = 7, A = 8,9 WEBTV = fraction
If D = 6, A = 7, 8, 9 WEBTV = fraction or repeated digits
If D = 5, A = 6, 7, 8, 9 WEBTV = fraction or
If D = 5, A = 7 WEBTV =
8. is a square. The sector PSQ is drawn with centre P and radius PQ. The perpendicular
bisector of side QR intersects the sector at point A. find the measure of angle QAS.
Sol. In Quadrilateral QASP
……..(1)
In
…….(2)
In quadrilateral SATR
……(3)
Also,
……(4)
Adding (4) and (1) we get,
9. Three containers have volume in the ratio 3:4:5. They are completely filled with mixture of petrol
and ethanol in the ratio 4 : 1, 3 : 1 and 5 : 2 respectively. The contents of all these three containers
are poured into the fourth container. What is the ratio of petrol and ethanol in the fourth container?
Sol. Let the total volume of 3 containers be 120 L.
Now,
According to the given ratio,
Volumes of containers are
30L 40L 50L
According to the ratios of petrol and ethanol given
Volumes of containers are
30L 40L 50L
Petrol: 24L 30L
Ethanol: 6L 10L
Now All the contents are added to the fourth container.
So that petrol
Total ethanol =
So, the ratio
10. An equilateral triangles is insetibed in a circle. Find area of the circle if the perimeter of the triangle
is 42 cm
Sol. Side = perimeter / 3 = 42/3 = 14 cm
Now, area of equilateral triangle
Now, area of sector BAC = Area of triangle + Area of segment BC
Area of all three segments is equal

Now,
Area of circle
= Area of triangle + Area of 3 segments
11. Prove that the number is divisible by 19
Sol.
Now, 6499 19 = 342 + 1
That is gives the remainder 1
So, (64999)6 19 = ……+ 1
Similarly 9841 = 518 19 – 1
So, (9841)6 19 = ……. +1
So expanding the expression
= 19 …..1+ 19 ….. + 1 – 2 = 19 …..+19 ……
= 19 …..
Hence the above expression is divisible by 19.
12. A, B, C, D and E are distinct integers. The sum of the integers taken is pairs is 0, 6, 11, 14, 18, 23,
26, 29, 32 and 37. Find the numbers.
Sol. According to the given condition,
A+ B = 0 A+ C = 6 A + D = 11 A +E = 14
B + C = 18 B + D = 23 B + E = 26
C +D = 29 C +E = 32 D + E = 37
So,
A+ B + A+ C = 0 + 6
2A + B + C = 6 2A + 18 = 6 2A = – 12
A = –6 A+ B = 0 B=0–A
B=0 –6 B=6
B + C = 18 6 + C = 18
C = 18 – 6 C = 12
C + D = 29 12 + D = 29
D = 29 – 12 D = 17
D + E = 37 17 + E = 37
E = 37 – 17 E = 20
Hence, A = –6, B = 6, C = 12, D = 17 and E = 20
13. In the following figure, magic sum square having sum 65 is given. Some of the numbers from 1 to 25
are filled in it. Complete the magic square using remaining numbers.
14 20 2 8
10 4
22 16
18 24 6 12
Sol. Since the sum of terms in each row, column or diagonal is 65

We see that,
14 20 21 2 8
10 a b c 4
1 d e f 25
22 g h i 16
18 24 5 6 12
Now, according to the given condition
a + b + c = 51 d +e +f = 39 g + h + l = 27 a +d +g = 21
b + c + h =39 c + f + l = 57 a + e + l = 39 c + e + g = 39
Solving the above equations simultaneously
We get,
a = 11, b = 17, c = 23, d = 7, e = 13, f = 19, g = 3, h = 9 and l = 15
14 20 21 2 8
10 11 12 23 4
1 7 13 19 25
22 3 9 15 16
18 24 5 6 12
14. In a race of 100 meters A beats B by 25 meters and B beats C by 4 meters. By how many meters.
Would A beat C?
Sol. When A travels 100 m
B travels 100 – 25 = 75 m
When B travels 100 m
C travels 100 – 4 = 96 m
When B travels 1 m
C travels
When B travels : 75 m
C travels
So, When A travels 100 m
B travels 75 m
And C travels 72 m
So, A would beat C by 100 – 72 = 28 m
15. In the adjoining small squares each with area 3 are enclosed inside the larger square. The squares
touch each other such that a corner of a square touches in the midpoint of another square. Find value
of n, if area of region inside the larger square but outside the smaller is .
Sol. Area of each square = 3

Side of each square = 3
Total area of smaller squares = 9 3 = 27
Now,
Diagonals of square =
Distance between edge of smaller square and edge of outer square
Now, area outside the smaller squares and inside the larger squares
Hence, n = 288
2016
1. The ratio of three numbers is 4 : 5 : 7 and their LCM is 8820. Find the numbers.
Sol. Let the numbers be x, y and z
So, xyz = 4 : 5 : 7
Thus, x = 4k, y = 5k and z = 7k
Where k is a proportionality constant
Now, According to the given condition
LCM of x, y and z is 8820
i.e., 140 k = 8820
k = 63
So,
Hence the numbers are 252, 315 and 441
2. a, b and c are squares of three consecutive integers. If b – a = 87, find c.

Sol. Since the numbers are squares of consecutive numbers
Let the consecutive numbers be i, j, k
So,
a = i2 , b = j2 and c = k2 Since i, j and k are consecutive
j = I + l and k = i + 2 So, according to the given condition
b – a = 87
j2 – i 2 = 87
(i + 1)2 – i2 = 87 i2 + 2i + 1 – i2 = 87 2i + 1 = 87
2i + 1 = 87 2i = 86 i = 43
So, i = 43, j = 44 and k = 45
So, a = i2 = 43 43 = 1849
b = j 2 = 44 44 = 1936
and c = k2 = 45 45 = 2025
3. Find the sum.
Sol.
4. Find the remainder if 801497561 is divided by 55, without carrying out the division.
Sol. For a number to be divisible by 55, it should be divisible by 11 and 55
For a number to be divisible by 5, last digit should be 0 or 5
For a number to divisible by 11, alternate sum of digits should be divisible by 11
For, 801497561
8–0+1–4 +9–7+5–6 +1 = 23 – 11 – 6 +1
= 12 – 6 + 1
For a number closest to 801497561to be divisible by 55
It should be 0 and last digit should be 0 or 5
If we keep last digit 0 last second digit should be 1
If we keep last digit 5 last second digit should be 6
So number closest to given number that is divisible by 55 are 801497512 and 801497565
But we need to find the remainder so required number must be less than the given number
So closest number is 801497510
So, remainder = 801497561 – 801497510
remainder = 51
5. On January 1, 2014 Krishna borrowed Rs. 25,000/- at 8 p. c. p. a. by compound interest. He returned

it with interest on 27 May 2015. How much amount did he return?
Sol. Principal = Rs. 25000
Rate = 8%
T = 1 year
= Rs. 2000
Amount = 25000 + 2000 = 27000
Its compound interest
New principal = Rs. 27000
No of days = 31+28 +31 + 30 +2y = 147
Rate = 8%p.a.
= Rs. 870
Total amount = 27000 + 870
= Rs. 27870
6. As shown in the given figure, PQRS is a rectangle and XYTS is a square. If the length and breadth of
the rectangle is 18 cm and 12 cm respectively, what would be the area of XYTS?
Sol. Let the side of the square be a.

Diagonal divides the rectangle into two equal parts
So, ar(PQR) = ar(PSR)
ar(PQR) =ar(PXY) + ar(XYTS)+ar(YTR)
ar(PQR)
108 = ar(PXY) + ar(XYTS) + ar(YTR)
216 = 30a
ar(XYTS) = a = (7.2)
=51.84 sq. cm
7. Three men or six women can do a work in 15 days. Two men worked for three days on the work. The
remaining work was completed by 3 women. How many days did they take for it?
Sol. Let the total work to be done be W.
Three men take 15 days to complete W.
1 man will take 45 days
2 man will taken 45/2 = 22.5 days for W
2 men work for 3 days
So work left
Now 6 women take 15 days

3 women will take 30 days to complete W
Now,
3 women will take days to complete

Thus time taken
days
8. Write the number 312 – 212 as a product of prime numbers.

Sol.
=57345
Factorizing 57345
We get
Hence
9. The difference between the lengths of the diagonals of two squares is cm and the difference
between their areas is 64 cm2. Find the length of their sides.
Sol. Let the side of one square be a and another be square be b.
Length of diagonals
and
According to the given condition
Squaring on both sides
a–b=4 ……(1)
and
Area of squares
A1 = a2 and A2 = b2
According to the given condition,
a2 – b2 = 64
(a + b) (a – b) =64
From equation (1)
a + b = 16 …..(2)
Adding equation (1) and (2)
2a = 20
a = 10
b = 16 – 10 = 6
Hence, length of the sides are 10 cm and 6 cm
10. Simplify:
Sol. Factorizing each term we get
So rewriting the fraction
11. Solve:
Sol.
So,
4x – 10 = 0 or 4x2 – 20x + 21 = 4x2 – 20x + 9
4x = 10 or 21 = 9
21 = 9 is not possible
12. In the given figure; points P, T and R are on the sides AB, C and BC respectively. seg PR || seg AC,
seg PT || seg BC and seg TR || seg AB. Point Q is the mid-point of seg BQ. If find
the area of A( )
Sol. Since seg PR || seg AC, seg PT || seg PT || seg BC and seg TR || seg AB
P, T and R are mid-points of sides AB, AC and BC respectively
So, PT = TR = PR
Hence, PTR is an equilateral triangle
So each angle is 60
Since seg PR || seg AC, seg PT || seg BC and seg TR || seg AB
So, APT, TRC and PBR are equilateral triangle
Now In triangle PBR
Q is the mid-point of BR and PR = PB
So, A(PBQ) = A(PQR) = 12.5
Thus, A(PBR) = 25
Also,
A(PBR) = A(PTR) = A(TRC) =A(APT) = 25
So, A(ABC) = A(PBR) + A(PTR) + A(TRC) + A(APT)
A(ABC) = 25 + 25 + 25 + 25
A(ABC) = 100
13. The difference of squares of two natural numbers is the greatest three digit prime number. Find the
two numbers.
Sol. Greatest three digit prime number is 997
Let the two numbers be a and b
Series: 12 22 32 42 52 62
Difference: 3 5 7 9 11
We observe that difference between squares of two numbers is the sum of two numbers.
So, b2 – a2 = 997 b + 3 = 997
b=a+1 a + a + 1 = 997
2a + 1 = 997 2a = 996
a = 498 b = 499
Hence two numbers are 498 and 499
14. As shown in the figure, KLMN is square of side 100. Point P is the mid-point of seg KN and point O
is the center of the square. On side KL, point B is such that l(LB) = 37. On seg KP point A is such
that l(KA) = x. If A(KAOB) = 2000, find x.
Sol. KLMN is a square

KL = LM = MN = KN = 100
And P is mid-point of KN and OS is drawn such that S is the mid-point of KL and o is the centre of
the square.
So, PK = PO = OS = KS = SL = 50
AB = SL – BL
SB = 50 – 37
SB = 13
Now, A(OSB) =
= 325
Now, KP = 50
KP + AP = 50
x + AP = 50
AP = 50 – x
So, A(OAP) =
And, A(KPOS) A(KPOS) = 2500

Now, From the above figure we observe that
A(OBAK) = A(KPOS) – A(OAP) + A(OSB)
2000 = 2500 – 25 (50 – x) + 325
25x(50 –x) = 2500 + 325 – 2000
25x (50 –x) = 2825 – 2000
25x(50 –x) = 825
x = 50 – 33
x = 17
15. If a + b + c = 0, show that (a 2 + b2 + c2)2 = 2 (a 4 + b4 + c 4)

Sol. Since a + b + c = 0
The squaring both sides we get
(a + b + c)2 = 0 (a + b) 2 + c 2 + 2 (a + b) c = 0
2 2 2
a + b + 2ab + c + 2ac + 2bc = 0
a2 +b2 + c 2 + 2ab + 2ac + 2bc = 0
a2 + b2 + c2 = –(2ab + 2ac + 2bc)
Squaring both sides again
We get,
(a2 + b2 + c2) =[–2(2ab + 2ac + 2bc)]2
(a2 + b2 + c 2) = 4(ab + ac + bc)2
(a2 + b2 + c 2)2 = 4(ab + ac)2 + (bc)2 + 2(ab + ac) (bc)
(a2 + b2 + c2) 2 = 4(a2b2 + a2c 2 + b2 c2 + 2a2 bc+2ab2 c+2abc2 )
(a2 + b2 + c 2)2 = 4(a 2b2+ a2c 2 + b2c2 + 2abc(a + b + c))
Since, a + b + c = 0
(a2 + b2 + c) = 4(a2b2 +a 2c2 +b2c2+2abc (0))
(a2 + b2 c2 )2 = 4(a2b2+a2c 2+b2c2 )…….. (1)
Now, L. H. S = (a2 +b2 +c)2
(a2 +b2 + c2)2 = (a2 + b2) 2 +(c 2)2 + 2(a 2 + b2) (c2)
(a2 + b2 + c 2)2 = (a4 + b4 + c 4 + 2a2b2 + 2b2c2 + 2a2c2)
2a2b2 + 2b2c 2 + 2a2c 2 =(a 2 + b2 + c2) 2 – (a 4 + b4 +c4)
4[a2b2 +b c 2+a2c 2] = 2(a2+b2+c 2)2 – (a 4 + b4 + c 4)
From equation (1)
(a2 + b2+c2) 2 = 2(a2 + b2 + c2 )2 – (a 4 + b4 + c4)
(a2 + b2+c2) 2 = 2(a2 + b2 + c2 )2 – 2(a4 + b4 + c4 )
2(a4 + b4+c 4) = 2(a2 + b2 + c 2)2 – (a2 + b2 + c2) 2
2(a4 + b4+c 4) = (a2 + b2 + c2) 2
16. A retailer purchased some dust tea and some CTC tea at Rs. 200 per kg and Rs. 250 per kg
respectively. He mixed them and sold the mixture at Rs. 264 per kg. In the deal he earned 20% profit.
Find how much CTC he had purchased if the total weight of the mixture was 50 kg.
Sol. Let dust tea purchased be x kg
Let CTC tea purchased be y kg
Mixture = x + y = 50 kg…….. (1)
Cost price of mixture = 200x + 250y
Selling price of mixture = 264(x + y) = 264x + 264y
Profit = 20%
24x = 36y 2x=36y

Equation (1) is
x + y = 50 2x + 2y = 100
From equation (2)
3y + 2y = 100 5y = 100
y = 20 x = 30
So, CTC tea bought is y = 20 kg
2017
1. From the information given in the figure, find its area.
Sol. Data Inadequate
2. Solve the following equations and find the values of x and y.

x3 + 3xy 2 = 14; y3 + 3yx2 = 13
Sol. 3 2
x + 3xy = 14 …….(1) y3 + 3yx 2 = 13 ……(2)
Adding equation (1) and (2)
We get,
x3+ y3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 = 14 + 13
x3 + y3 +3xy (x + y) = 27
(x + y)3 = (3)3 x+y=3
Putting x = 3 – y in equation (2) we get,
y3+3 (3 – y)2 y = 13 y3 + 3y (9 + y2 – 6y) = 13
y3 + 27y + 3y3 – 18y2 = 13 4y3 – 18y 2 + 27y – 13 = 0
(y – 1) (4y – 14y + 13) = 0y – 1 = 0 or (4y – 14y2 + 13) = 0
2 2 2
y=1 y = no real roots

y = 1; x = 3 – y = 3 – 1 = 2
3. Find prime factors of 27000001.

Sol. On prime factorization of 27000001
We find that
4. In the following figure AB = AC, D – A – C, D – E – F, AD = AE. Find
Sol. In AB = AC
….. (Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
Similarly in
….. (Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
And
……(Opposite angles)
Now,
But,
So,
But, …..(Angles sum property of triangle)
5. What is the highest power of 2 which is a factor of the product of all integers from 1 to 100?
Sol. The formula for the highest power of number x contained in n! is
till it become 0
Where [ ] denotes greatest integer function here in this problem
n! = 100!
x=2
So total power =
= 50 + 25 + 12 + 6 + 3 + 1
= 97
6. Solve.
Sol.
126x – 336x – 30 = 14x – 2 – 30 + 2 = 336x – 126x + 14x – 28 = 350x – 126x – 224x = –28
Hence,
7. If the sum of two digits x and y is divisible by 7, prove that the number xyx is divisible by 7.
Sol. Two numbers are x and y
Their sum is divisible by 7
i.e. x + y = divisible by 7
Now, xyx
= 100x + 10y + x
= 101x + 10y
=91x + 10x + 10y
91x + 10(x + y)
Since 91 and x + y both are multiple of 7 whole number is divisible by 7
Hence xyx is divisible by 7.
8. Is (701001 + 721000) divisible by 71? Justify your answer.

Sol.
= [(multiples of 71) + (multiples of 71) + 1– 1]

= [(multiples of 71) + (multiples of 71)]
= multiples of 71
Hence, [701001 + 721000] is divisible by 71.
Ans: (Yes)
9. If p is a prime number, m is a natural number and p(p + m) + p = (m + 1)3 then find the values of p
and m.
Sol. p(p + m) + p = (m + 1)3
p2 + pm + p = (m + 1)3
For p = 2 (1st prime number)
22 + 2m + 2 = (m + 1)3
6 + 2m = m3 + 1 + 3m(m +1)
5 + 2m = m3 + 3m 2 + 3m
m3 +3m2 + m – 5 = 0
On solving the above equation,
We get, m = 1(a natural number)
Hence, p = 2, m = 1
10. a, b, c are the lengths of sides of such that a2 + b2 + c2 = ab + bc + ac. What is the type of the
triangle? Justify your answer.
Sol. The Equation a + b + c = ab + bc + ac
is only satisfied or only true if a = b = c
i.e., all the sides of triangle are equal
Thus the triangle must be equilateral triangle.
11. If find the value of
Sol. …..(1)
Squaring both the sides we get,
…..(2)
Multiplying equation (1) and (2)
We get,
……(3)
Squaring equation (2) we get,
Multiplying by equation (1) we get,
From equation (3)
12. Find the values of x and y in the following sequence.

2, 3, 11, 38, x, y, 443, 786
Sol. Series: 2 3 11 38 x y 443 786
Difference: 1 8 27 .. .. .. 343
Difference: 13 23 33 73
Hence, x = 38 + 43 = 38 + 64 = 102
and y = x + 53 = 102 + 126 = 227
Because 443 = y + 63 = 227 + 216 = 443
Ans: (x = 102, y = 227)
13. is a trapezium, side AB || side CD, side AD side BC, l(BD) = 12. Find
the area of the trapezium ABCD.
Sol. Since AB || CD and AD BC
BD = AC = 12; OA = OB; OD = OC
ACD = CAB = 45
ABO = BAO = 45
AOB = 90
Similarly; BOC = COD = AOD = 45
ar(ABCD) =
ar (AOB) + ar(BOC) +ar(COD) + ar(AOD)
Hence area of trapezium = 72 sq. units
14. If then find a : b : c

Sol. a2 + ab = bc …..(1)
2 2
b – bc = a ……(2)
Adding equation (1) and (2) we get
a2 + ab + b2 – bc = bc +a 2
ab + b2 = 2bc
a + b = 2c ……(3)
Subtracting equation (2) from (1) we get,
a2 + ab – b2 + bc = bc – a
2a2 + ab – b2 = 0
a2 + ab + a 2 – b2 = 0
a (a + b) + (a + b) (a – b) = 0
(a + b) (2a – b) = 0
a = –b or 2a = b
putting in equation (3)
c = 0 or 3a = 2c
c = 0 is not possible
3a = 2c and 2a = b
6a = 3b = 4c
Hence a : b : c = 2 : 4 : 3
Ans: (2 : 4 : 3)
15. In l(AB) = 20, l(AC) = 21, l(BC) = 29 and B – D – E – C , l(BD) = 8, l(EC) = 9. Find the
measure of the angle DAE.
Sol. AB = 20, AC = 21 and BC = 29

Now, 202 + 212 = 292
i.e., AB 2 + AC2 = BC2
is a right angled triangle, right angled at A,
Since the angles are always in proportion to the side opposite to their
Hence,
16. AB and CD area parallel roads. S and M are homes of Sameer and Mahesh at the midpoints of the
roads. Straight roads AC and BD intersect each other at E. If d(AE) = 5.85 km, d(EC) = 1.95 km,
d(BD) = 9.76 km, then which is the shortest route from Sameer’s home to Mahesh’s home? Why?
Sol. AC = AE + EC = 5.85 + 1.95 = 7.8
BD = 9.76
AC < BD
So AC is the shorter route
So, shortest route between two homes is M – C – E – A – S
Ans: (S – A – E – C – M)
17. If 4 – A = A – B = B – C = C – D = D – 5, then find A : B : C : D

Sol. 4–A=D–5 ; 4 –A = A – B
A + D = 9……(1) ; 2A – B = 4…….(2)
C–D=D–5 ; A–B=B–C
2D – C = 5……(3) ; 2B – C = A…….(4)
B–C=C–D
B = 2C – D …..(5)
From equation (3) and (5) : From equation (1) and (2)
B = 2(2D – 5) – D : 2(9 – D) – B = 4
B = 4D – 10 – D : 18 – 2D – B = 4
B = 3D – 10 …..(6) B + 2D = 14 ……(7)
From (6) and (7)
3D – 10 + 2D = 14
From (2)
From (5)
So,
18. In the following figure segment AB is a diameter of the circle. A chord CD is perpendicular to the
diameter AB at H. The length of AB is a two digit number and the number obtained by interchanging
the digits is the length of the chord CD. Find the length of the chord CD. Find the length AB, if l(OH)
is a rational number.
Sol. Let length of segment AB be xy
So, length of chord CD will be yx
Now, any chord of a circle is always shorted than its diameter, because longest chord of a circle is its
diameter.
xy > yx
10x + y > 10y + x
9x > 9y
…….(1)
Now length
But OC = radius =
And,
It is Given that I(OH) is rational number

(xy) – (yx) must be perfect square ……(2)
Thus only values of x and y that satisfy equation (1) and (2) simultaneously are
x = 6, y = 5
xy = 65 and yx = 56
And: (AB = 65, CD = 56, l(OH) = )

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FOUNDATION

4. is a parallelogram. Find BD, if AB = 8 cm, AC = 34 and seg AB Seg BD

bisect each other,

Speed of working of A is per day

Speed of working of B is per day

Speed of working of C is per day

Time taken to complete the work =

Now, speed of A and B together =

Thus A and B work together for 1 day and then B leaves

So, work done =

So time taken by A to complete =

10. Find the value of if

11. Find the digit in place of in the product

Sol. Multiplying the two numbers,

We see that 848, 2740, 3836

Common factors = 2 2 137

Let the number of 5 cm cube be x. And, the number of 3 cm cube by y

And volume of 3 cm cube

Now, according to the given condition

Here, largest product is 4514

Sol. From the figure we observe that

Sol. From the above arrangement

So, diameter of the cone is 80% of d = d

8. If the trinomials x2 – 3x + p and 2x2 + 5x + 3 have 1 factor in common,

i.e. for either or x = –1 value of the polynomial will be zero

Total amount = Principal

Total amount …….(2)

Total amount = ……..(3)

Now, from equation (1)

Hence, the sum of the lengths of perpendiculars is cm

So remainder will only be due to odd terms so, remainder

Also ijk pqr 37 = 555 ijk pqr = 15

Thus, Glycerin : Water = 729 : 271

4. Solve the cross number puzzle. Across

If 2932 is used no value of a (across) is possible

5. Find the GCD of 54747 and 8602599

Sol. In Quadrilateral QASP

From equation (2) and (3)

Petrol: 24L 30L

So, the ratio

Now, area of equilateral triangle

Area of all three segments is equal

11. Prove that the number is divisible by 19

Sol. Since the sum of terms in each row, column or diagonal is 65

Sol. Area of each square = 3

Hence the numbers are 252, 315 and 441

2. a, b and c are squares of three consecutive integers. If b – a = 87, find c.

3. Find the sum.

5. On January 1, 2014 Krishna borrowed Rs. 25,000/- at 8 p. c. p. a. by compound interest. He returned

Sol. Let the side of the square be a.

108 = ar(PXY) + ar(XYTS) + ar(YTR)

Now 6 women take 15 days

3 women will take days to complete

8. Write the number 312 – 212 as a product of prime numbers.

So rewriting the fraction

Sol. KLMN is a square

And, A(KPOS) A(KPOS) = 2500

15. If a + b + c = 0, show that (a 2 + b2 + c2)2 = 2 (a 4 + b4 + c 4)

24x = 36y 2x=36y