Recommendations For Constructing and Calculating Conveyors: Plastic Modular Belting
Recommendations For Constructing and Calculating Conveyors: Plastic Modular Belting
Recommendations For Constructing and Calculating Conveyors: Plastic Modular Belting
Recommendations for
constructing and calculating
conveyors
Contents
Belt support 2
Shafts 3
Conventional conveyors 5
Reversible conveyors 6
Inclined conveyors 7
Curve variations 9
Spiral conveyors 10
Further information/
Effect of temperature 11
Calculation 12
Belt support
2
Plastic modular belting
Shafts
In general, we recommend the selection of Occasionally round shafts with feather keys Drive Shaft
a square shaft. The main advantage of this are also used for low-loaded, narrow belts.
design is that positive drive and tracking Specially designed sprockets with bore and
are possible without keys and keyways. keyway are available.
This saves on additional manufacturing
costs. In addition, this form facilitates the
lateral movement of the sprockets in the
case of temperature variations.
Shaft 40 x 40 mm
Fastening the sprocket with a retainer ring Fastening the sprockets
2,5
mm in accordance with DIN 471 (Seeger circlip
ring) d = 56 mm. Usually only 1 sprocket (as near as possible
mm
2,5
to the centre) must be fastened axially on
each idle or drive shaft. The design of this
sprocket enables positive tracking of the
40
mm
belt.
Examples of possible methods for fastening
a sprocket are shown on the left:
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
3
Plastic modular belting
Deflection
Fig. 5
FW . I3
yW = 0.156 _____ [mm]
d
yW E · d4
αz = arctan ( l
· 2)
Solid shaft
Fig. 6
80 · FW . I3
yW = ____________ [mm]
d
E . d4 . π . 96
Solid shaft
Fig. 7
80 . F . I3
yW = _________________
W [mm]
da
di
96 . E (da4 – di4) . π
Hollow shaft
4
Plastic modular belting
Conventional conveyors
Figure 4
5
Plastic modular belting
Reversible conveyors
Two-motor design
Figure 1
Centre drive
6
Plastic modular belting
Inclined conveyors
Inclined conveying
dmin = 80 mm
≤ 1000 mm
rmin = 150 mm
A–A
250 – 450 mm
rmin = 150 mm
A
rmin = 150 mm
dmin = 80 mm
≤ 1000 mm
7
Plastic modular belting
Declined conveying
8
Plastic modular belting
Curve variations
The teeth must mesh into the modular The three usual tensioning methods are
belting in the areas marked by the arrows. possible to create the correct belt tension:
(fig. 1)
– Screw-operated take-up system
– Gravity take-up system
Inner radius – Catenary sag on the return side
near the drive drum
ProLink inner radius rmin
for curved belts
Figure 1 rmin = 2 x b0
Geometries of curves
≥ 2 x b0
≥ 2 x b0
b0
0
2
≥ 2 x b0
≥ 2 x b0
r mi b 0
2
n
x
b0
≥ 2 x b0
Figure 3 – 90° Curve
9
Plastic modular belting
Spiral conveyors
Fig. 1:
Example of declined conveying to join two
production units with different heights. Figure 1
Fig. 2:
For inclined conveying, the drive unit must
be located at the end of the curve at the
top. Make sure that the arc of contact on
the drive shaft is approx. 180°. This type of
design (without driven inner cage) should
not have more than 2 – 3 tiers.
Figure 2
Fig. 3:
The main drive system is the driven inner
cage, which as a rule consists of vertical
rods. The curved belt is supported on the
inner radius by the cage and is moved by
traction between the belt and the cage. The
direction of rotation of the cage determines
whether the conveying is inclined or de-
clined.
The drive and tensioning unit depicted
in the sketch provides the necessary belt
tension. The speed of the motor must be
coordinated with the speed of the cage
drive.
It should be possible to move the tensioning
unit a distance corresponding to approx.
1% of the belt length.
The belt can be supported by runners as
described on page 2.
Figure 3
10
Plastic modular belting
Further information
Chordal Action
∆v
[%] What is known as chordal action is typical
14 for all sprocket-driven belts, chains etc.
12 The rise and fall of a module during the
10 slewing motion cause changes in the linear
8 speed of the belt.
6 The number of teeth on sprocket is the
4 decisive factor for these periodic fluctua-
2 tions in speed.
0
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 As the number of teeth increases, the
percentual change in speed decreases. In
practice this means that the largest number
Figure 1 – Number of teeth on sprocket
of teeth possible must be used if the goods
are not to tip or for other reasons an even
belt speed is required
11
Plastic modular belting
Calculation
Designation
Symbols
Unit
Effective belt pull FU N
Force determining belt selection FB N
Shaft load FW N
Calculated power at drive drum PA kW
Coefficient of friction with accumulated goods µST –
Coefficient of friction with skid plate µT –
Operational factor C1 –
Temperature factor C2 –
Stability factor C3 –
Acceleration due to gravity g 9.81 m/s2
Conveyor length lT m
Height of lift hT m
Mass of entire belt (see data sheet) mB kg
Total load m kg
Mass of drive drum mW kg
Angle of conveyor α °
Belt width b0 mm
Belt speed v m/min
12
Plastic modular belting
Loading examples
One of the three following formulae is used to calculate FU, to determine the effective pull FU
lT
FU = µT · g · ( m + mB ) [N]
(–) lT +
FU = µT · g ( m + mB ) + g · m · sin α [N] –
(+) inclined
hT
(–) declined α
FU = µT · g · ( m + mB ) + µST · g · m [N]
Mass of rotating parts on the return side was ignored.
13
Plastic modular belting
C1
Operational factor C1
Smooth operating conditions (smooth start) + 1.0
Start-Stop-operation (start when loaded) + 0.2
Tail drive (push configuration) + 0.2
Belt speed greater than 30 m/min + 0.2
Inclined or swan-neck conveyor + 0.4
⇒ Total C1 ____
Belt material
Temperature factor C2 Temperature [°C] PE PP POM
– 60 0.97 *– –
– 40 0.96 *– 0.98
– 20 0.92 *– 0.98
0 0.86 *– 0.97
+ 20 0.78 0.98 0.96
+ 40 0.70 0.95 0.96
+ 60 0.62 0.85 0.96
+ 80 – 0.65 0.75
+ 100 – 0.45 –
* below + 7 °C avoid jolts, ensure smooth start.
14
Plastic modular belting
Material
Factor C3 max
PP PE POM
Type [N/mm] [N/mm] [N/mm]
S1 30 18 40
S2 5 3 7
S3 12 6 16
S4 4 2 6
S5 CM 25, linear/curved module 18/1000 N 10/– 25/1800 N
S5 CM 50, linear/curved module 22/1600 N 12/– 30/2800 N
S6– 20 30/36*
S7 18 40 60/80*
from C3 max, the distance between Number of sprockets on the drive drum
(guidelines)
C3 ≤ 20 % the sprockets should then be
approx. 160 mm. Where centre distances are substantial, the
number of drive sprockets still depends on
from C3 max, the distance between the engagement ratio between teeth/module
C3 ≤ 40 % the sprockets should then be (i.e. on the belt length)
approx. 100 mm.
Shaft load FW
D FW ≈ FU · C1 + mw · g [N]
E PA =
FU · v
1000 · 60
v in m/min [kW]
15
Plastic modular belting
Printed in Germany.
Issue 5.06/2 – UD
Ref. No.
206
This paper was made from
non-chlorine-bleached
cellulose.
thereof only with our approval.
Reproduction of text or parts
Modifications reserved.
Registered trademarks
Extremultus
Transilon
Siegling
ProLink
Because our products are used in so many
applications and because of the individual factors
involved, our operating instructions, details and
information on the suitability and use of the products
are only general guidelines and do not absolve the
ordering party from carrying out checks and tests
themselves. When we provide technical support on
the application, the ordering party bears the risk of
the machinery functioning properly.
Siegling GmbH
Postfach 5346 · D-30053 Hannover Internet www.siegling.com
Tel +49 511 6704-0 · Fax 6704305 E-Mail info@siegling.com