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    R Yone Oo
    This document discusses physical quantities and units of measurement in physics. It defines scalar and vector quantities and provides examples. The three basic SI units are defined as the meter (length), kilogram (mass), and second (time). Other quantities like density, weight, and volume are also explained. Common tools for measuring length and volume like measuring tapes, rulers, calipers, and micrometers are outlined along with their typical accuracies.

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    Chapter 1 PDF

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    R Yone Oo
    45 views13 pages
    This document discusses physical quantities and units of measurement in physics. It defines scalar and vector quantities and provides examples. The three basic SI units are defined as the meter (length), kilogram (mass), and second (time). Other quantities like density, weight, and volume are also explained. Common tools for measuring length and volume like measuring tapes, rulers, calipers, and micrometers are outlined along with their typical accuracies.

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    This document discusses physical quantities and units of measurement in physics. It defines scalar and vector quantities and provides examples. The three basic SI units are defined as the meter (length), kilogram (mass), and second (time). Other quantities like density, weight, and volume are also explained. Common tools for measuring length and volume like measuring tapes, rulers, calipers, and micrometers are outlined along with their typical accuracies.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    45 views13 pages

    Chapter 1 PDF

    Uploaded by

    R Yone Oo
    This document discusses physical quantities and units of measurement in physics. It defines scalar and vector quantities and provides examples. The three basic SI units are defined as the meter (length), kilogram (mass), and second (time). Other quantities like density, weight, and volume are also explained. Common tools for measuring length and volume like measuring tapes, rulers, calipers, and micrometers are outlined along with their typical accuracies.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    CHAPTER 1

    PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT

    Physical quantity

    A physical quantity is a quantity which can be measured.

    Basic quantities

    Length, mass and time are called basic quantities because other quantities can be measured in terms of them.

    Basic quantities and their units

    quantity SI units MKS CGS FPS

    length metre ( m ) metre ( m ) centimetre ( cm ) foot ( ft )

    mass kilogram ( kg ) kilogram ( kg ) gram ( g ) slug ( sl )

    time second ( s ) second ( s ) second ( s ) second ( s )


    Two kinds of physical quantity

    1. scalar quantity

    2. vector quantity Exercises

    Scalar quantity

    A quantity which has only magnitude is called a scalar quantity.

    ( e.g. mass, length, time, temperature, work, density, speed. )

    Vector quantity

    A quantity which has both magnitude and direction is called a vector quantity.

    ( e.g. displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, weight, impulse. )

    Mass

    Mass is the quantity of matter in a body. Mass is also a measure of inertia.

    Weight

    The attracting force of the earth acting on a body is defined as the weight of the body.

    W = mg

    W = weight ( newton = N )

    m = mass ( kg )

    g = acceleration due to gravity ( 10 m/s2 ) Or g = gravitational field strength ( 10 N/kg = 10 m/s 2 )


    Density

    Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.

    Exercises
    Measurement of length

    Measuring tape Metre rule ( or ) half-metre rule

    - accuracy: 0.1 cm - accuracy: 0.1 cm

    - suitable for length of several metres. - suitable for length of several cm to 1 m.


    Vernier calipers

    - accuracy: 0.01 cm

    - suitable for length between 1 cm and 10 cm


    Micrometer screw gauge

    - accuracy: 0.01 mm

    - suitable for lengths of less than 2 cm.


    Measurement of volume

    Volume is the amount of space occupied.

    SI unit of volume - cubic metre ( m3 )

    Volume of regular solids is calculated with the correct formula.

    ( e.g. volume of rectangular solid, V = length x breadth x height )

    Volume of irregular solids can be found by using a measuring cylinder or

    by using a displacement can.

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