Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge Ordinary Level

* 3 4 0 1 0 6 9 0 8 9 *

CHEMISTRY 5070/22
Paper 2 Theory October/November 2017
1 hour 30 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Section A
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in the Question Paper.

Section B
Answer any three questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in the Question Paper.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page.

DC (LK/SW) 129224/3
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Section A

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 45.

A1 (a) Choose from the following elements to answer the questions.

aluminium
carbon
hydrogen
iron
magnesium
nitrogen
oxygen
sodium
vanadium

Each element may be used once, more than once or not at all.

Which element:

(i) is a catalyst in the Haber process,

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) makes up 21% of dry air,

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) can be formed when hydrocarbons are cracked,

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iv) forms aqueous ions with a 3+ charge which give a white precipitate when added to
aqueous ammonia,

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(v) has an atom with only three electrons in its outer shell?

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

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(b) Complete the table to show the number of electrons and neutrons in the potassium atom and
in the oxide ion.

number of electrons number of neutrons

41
19K

17 2–
8O

[4]

[Total: 9]

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A2 Sodium chloride, NaCl, and magnesium chloride, MgCl2, are both ionic compounds.

(a) Describe the arrangement of the ions and the type of attractive forces between the ions in
solid magnesium chloride.

arrangement .............................................................................................................................

type of attractive forces ............................................................................................................

[2]

(b) Explain why solid magnesium chloride does not conduct electricity but aqueous
magnesium chloride does conduct.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) State the electronic configuration of a magnesium ion and of a chloride ion.

magnesium ion .........................................................................................................................

chloride ion ...............................................................................................................................

[2]

(d) Chlorine and hydrogen are manufactured by the electrolysis of concentrated aqueous
sodium chloride.

Chlorine is released at the positive electrode and hydrogen is released at the negative
electrode.

(i) Why are hydrogen ions and not sodium ions discharged at the negative electrode?

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Construct the equation for the reaction at the negative electrode.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) Describe a test for chlorine.

test ....................................................................................................................................

result .................................................................................................................................
[2]

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(e) (i) Give the formulae of the four ions present in aqueous sodium chloride.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Suggest why the solution becomes alkaline as the electrolysis proceeds.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 13]

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A3 Metals have characteristic physical properties such as good electrical and thermal conductivity.

(a) Give two other physical properties which are characteristic of metals.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) The table gives some observations about the reactions of four metals with water.

metal observations
cerium reacts slowly with cold water
iron reacts with steam when red-hot
magnesium reacts slowly with hot water
sodium reacts rapidly with cold water

Put these metals in order of their reactivity with water.

least reactive most reactive

[1]

(c) The equation for the reaction of iron with steam is shown.

3Fe + 4H2O Fe3O4 + 4H2

(i) Calculate the maximum mass of Fe3O4 that can be formed when 39.2 g of iron reacts
with excess steam.

Give your answer to three significant figures.

mass of Fe3O4 = .............................................. g [3]

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(ii) Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen, in dm3, produced by this reaction, when
measured at room temperature and pressure.

volume of hydrogen = ......................................... dm3 [2]

(d) Pure iron can be obtained by the following reaction.

Fe(CO)5 Fe + 5CO

Give one hazard associated with this reaction.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 9]

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A4 Lavandulol is found in lavender plants.

CH3 CH2
C CH CH2 CH C
CH3 CH3
CH2OH

(a) (i) Give the molecular formula for lavandulol.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Lavandulol contains an –OH group.

Name the homologous series of compounds which contain the –OH group.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Lavandulol is an unsaturated compound.

Describe a test for an unsaturated compound.

test ............................................................................................................................................

result .........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) Lavender flowers contain a variety of coloured compounds. These can be extracted from the
flowers to give a solution of the coloured compounds.

Describe how to use paper chromatography to identify these coloured compounds.

You may use a labelled diagram in your answer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

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(d) Compound G is found in the leaves of lavender plants.

H O

H N CH2 C O H

Compound G can undergo polymerisation.

Draw a section of the polymer to show two repeat units.

[2]

[Total: 9]

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A5 Dilute ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate.

Sodium ethanoate, CH3COONa, and two other compounds are formed.

(a) Construct the equation for this reaction.

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) The reaction of dilute ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate is endothermic.

Explain in terms of bond making and bond breaking why this reaction is endothermic.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) Ethanoic acid reacts with alcohols to form esters.

Give one use of esters.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 5]

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BLANK PAGE

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Section B

Answer three questions from this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 30.

B6 At high temperatures, hydrogen reacts with iodine to form hydrogen iodide.

H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) ∆H = + 53.0 kJ / mol

(a) Describe and explain the effect, if any, on the position of equilibrium when

(i) the pressure is increased,

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) the temperature is decreased.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Hydrogen iodide reacts with water to form a strong acid, hydriodic acid, HI(aq).

(i) What is meant by the term strong acid ?

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Construct the equation for the dissociation of hydrogen iodide molecules into ions.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) Hydrogen iodide reacts with ethene to form iodoethane.

CH2 = CH2 + HI CH3 CH2I

What is the name of this type of reaction?

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

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(d) The table shows some properties of five alkenes.

alkene formula melting point boiling point

/ °C / °C
ethene C 2H 4 –168.9 –103.6
propene C 3H 6 –47.3
butene C 4H 8 –185.2 –6.2
pentene C5H10 –165.0 30.0
hexene C6H12 –139.7 63.4

(i) How does the boiling point change as the number of carbon atoms in the formula of the
alkenes increases?

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) What is the physical state of butene at –7 °C? Explain your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) Why is it difficult to predict the melting point of propene using only the information from
the table?

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 10]

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B7 The table shows the melting points and relative electrical conductivities of three elements from
Period 3 of the Periodic Table.

property element
magnesium silicon sulfur
melting point
649 1410 113
/ °C
relative electrical good poor does not
conductivity conductor conductor conduct

(a) Use ideas of structure and bonding to explain

(i) the difference in the melting points of magnesium and sulfur,

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) the difference in the electrical conductivity of magnesium and sulfur.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Silicon has a structure similar to diamond.

Explain why silicon has a high melting point.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

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(c) A 40.5 g sample of a chloride of sulfur contains 21.3 g of chlorine.

(i) Deduce the empirical formula of this chloride of sulfur.

empirical formula ..................................................[3]

(ii) The relative molecular mass of this chloride is 135.

Deduce the molecular formula of this chloride.

molecular formula ..................................................[1]

[Total: 10]

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B8 Potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium phosphate are used in fertilisers.

(a) Calculate the percentage by mass of potassium in potassium sulfate, K2SO4.

............................... % by mass [2]

(b) Describe a test for sulfate ions.

test ............................................................................................................................................

result .........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) Explain why nitrates in solid fertilisers spread onto soil are able to leach through the soil
easily.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) Nitrates are responsible for eutrophication.

What is meant by the term eutrophication?

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

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(e) Dilute phosphoric acid, H3PO4(aq), reacts with aqueous potassium hydroxide to make
potassium phosphate.

H3PO4(aq) + 3KOH(aq) K3PO4(aq) + 3H2O(l)

A student titrates 25.0 cm3 of H3PO4(aq) with 0.200 mol / dm3 KOH(aq).

12.5 cm3 of KOH(aq) is required to react exactly with the H3PO4(aq).

Calculate the concentration of the H3PO4(aq).

concentration of H3PO4(aq) = .................................. mol / dm3 [3]

[Total: 10]

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B9 Nitrogen(V) oxide decomposes on heating to form nitrogen(IV) oxide and oxygen.

2N2O5(g) 4NO2(g) + O2(g)

(a) The table shows how the rate of reaction varies with the concentration of N2O5.

concentration of N2O5(g) rate

in mol / dm3 in mol / dm3 / s
3.2 6.39
1.6 3.15
0.8 1.63

(i) Describe how the rate of this reaction changes with the concentration of N2O5.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Explain your answer to (a)(i) in terms of collision theory.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(iii) Describe and explain the effect of increasing the temperature on the rate of this reaction.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Sulfur dioxide is an atmospheric pollutant.

(i) Describe one source of the sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) The oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide in the atmosphere is catalysed by
nitrogen(IV) oxide.

SO2 + NO2 SO3 + NO

NO + ½O2 NO2

Nitrogen(IV) oxide speeds up the rate of reaction. Which other property of a catalyst is
shown by these equations?

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

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(c) (i) An incomplete energy profile diagram for the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide
is shown.

reactants

energy

products

progress of reaction

On the diagram:

• draw and label the pathway for the uncatalysed reaction,

• draw and label the pathway for the catalysed reaction. [2]

(ii) Is the reaction in (c)(i) exothermic or endothermic?

Explain your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 10]

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© UCLES 2017 5070/22/O/N/17

 The Periodic Table of Elements
Group

© UCLES 2017
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
20

85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

5070/22/O/N/17
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).