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Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
*6479123383*

CHEMISTRY 0620/43
Paper 4 Theory (Extended) October/November 2017
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 12.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

The syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 12 printed pages.

IB17 11_0620_43/5RP
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1 Substances can be classified as elements, compounds or mixtures.

State whether each of the following is an element, a compound or a mixture.

Mixture
(a) brass . ................................................................................................................................... [1]

Element
(b) gold . ..................................................................................................................................... [1]

Compound
(c) butane .................................................................................................................................. [1]

Mixture
(d) air ......................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

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3

2 (a) (i) Define the term molecule.

Molecule is the bonding of 2 or more atoms
. ............................................................................................................................................

. ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Define the term element.

atoms with the same proton number
. ............................................................................................................................................

. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The table shows the composition of four atoms or ions, A, B, C and D.

number of number of number of

protons neutrons electrons
A 10 10 10
B 10 12 10
C 12 10 10
D 13 14 10

(i) What is the atomic number of A?

10
. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) What is the nucleon number of B?

22
. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Which of A, B, C and D are isotopes of each other?

A and B
. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) Which of A, B, C and D are atoms?

.A
......................................................................................................................................
and B [1]

(v) Which of A, B, C and D are positive ions?

C and D
. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) 
Complete the table.

number of number of
protons electrons

Na 11 11

S2– 16 18

Cl 2 34 34
[3]

[Total: 11]

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3 Iron is extracted from its ore using coke in a blast furnace.

waste gases

raw materials:
coke,
iron ore,
limestone

air air
slag
molten iron

(a) Name the ore of iron which is mainly iron(III) oxide.

hematite
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Describe the reactions occurring in the blast furnace.

In your answer, include

● two reasons for using coke in the blast furnace,
● a chemical equation for the reduction of iron(III) oxide,
● an explanation for using limestone in the blast furnace.

....................................................................................................................................................
First coke reacts with air to form carbon dioxide which releases heat to increase the
temperature. The carbon dioxide that forms from coke also reacts with carbon in the coke to
form carbon monoxide which reduces Fe2O3.
....................................................................................................................................................

.Limestone
...................................................................................................................................................
decomposes into calcium oxide which is used to remove impurities like sand.
Calcium oxide reacts with sand to form slag
....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [6]

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(c) (i) Describe the bonding in iron. Include a diagram in your answer.

. ............................................................................................................................................
It is metallic bonding where there are layers of positive iron ions are attracted to a sea of
delocalized electrons
. ...................................................................................................................................... [3]

(ii) Use your diagram in (c)(i) to explain why iron is malleable.

. ............................................................................................................................................
layers of positive ions can slide past each other

. ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) Iron containing a small amount of carbon is known as steel.

Explain why steel is less malleable than iron.

The ions are different sizes making so layers cannot slide past each other
. ............................................................................................................................................

. ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) (i)  hen iron is added to dilute sulfuric acid, an aqueous solution of iron(II) sulfate is formed
W
as one of the products.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction.

. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii)  hen iron(III) oxide is added to dilute sulfuric acid, an aqueous solution of iron(III) sulfate
W
is formed as one of the products.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction.

. ...................................................................................................................................... [3]

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(e) A
 queous sodium hydroxide, aqueous potassium iodide and aqueous acidified
potassium manganate(VII) are added to aqueous solutions of iron(II) sulfate and
iron(III) sulfate.

● Iron(II) ions, Fe2+, are reducing agents in aqueous solution.

● Iron(III) ions, Fe3+, are oxidising agents in aqueous solution.

Complete the table.

observations with observations with

reagent
aqueous iron(II) sulfate aqueous iron(III) sulfate

aqueous sodium hydroxide green precipitate brown precipitate

aqueous potassium iodide no change brown solution

aqueous acidified
purple to colorless no change
potassium manganate(VII)
[4]

[Total: 22]

4 
Hydrogen and oxygen react together in a hydrogen fuel cell. A hydrogen fuel cell is shown in the
diagram.

hydrogen oxygen
H2 O2

electrolyte
water

membrane

(a) Name the process by which oxygen is obtained from air.

fractional distillation
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

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(b) (i) In a hydrogen fuel cell, the hydrogen molecules are converted into hydrogen ions, H+,
according to the ionic half-equation shown.

H2 2H+ + 2e–

What type of reaction does this ionic half-equation represent?

.oxidation
...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) What type of substance reacts by donating hydrogen ions, H+?

acids
. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Write a chemical equation for the overall reaction that occurs in a hydrogen fuel cell.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) Hydrogen fuel cells are being developed as alternatives to petrol engines in cars.

(i) Give one advantage of hydrogen fuel cells compared to petrol engines.

. ......................................................................................................................................
no carbon dioxide is produced [1]

(ii) Give one disadvantage of hydrogen fuel cells compared to petrol engines.
It is difficult to store hydrogen
. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) S
 ome fuel cells use ethanol, C2H5OH, instead of hydrogen. Carbon dioxide and water are
products of the reaction in an ethanol fuel cell.

(i) Write a chemical equation for the overall reaction occurring in an ethanol fuel cell.

. ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii)  tate an environmental problem caused by the release of carbon dioxide into the
S
atmosphere.
climate change
. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Name the process by which ethanol can be manufactured from a renewable resource.

.fermentation
...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(f) Name the process occurring when electrical energy is used to break down an ionic compound.
electrolysis
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 11]

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5 (a) (i) Name the products formed when sodium nitrate is heated.
Sodium Nitrite and Oxygen
. ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii)  hen copper(II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2, undergoes thermal decomposition, three products are
W
formed. One of the products is nitrogen dioxide, NO2.

Write a chemical equation for the thermal decomposition of copper(II) nitrate.

. ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) T
 he chemical equation shows the equilibrium between dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4, a colourless
gas) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2, a brown gas).

N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
colourless brown

 mixture of dinitrogen tetroxide and nitrogen dioxide is allowed to reach equilibrium in a

A
closed gas syringe.

(i) In chemistry, what is meant by the term equilibrium?

Equilibrium is a reversible reaction where the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate
. ............................................................................................................................................
of backward reaction but the concentration of reactants and products remains constant
. ............................................................................................................................................

. ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) If the equilibrium mixture is heated at constant pressure, a darker brown colour is seen
inside the gas syringe.

 hat does this information indicate about the decomposition of dinitrogen tetroxide?
W
Explain your answer in terms of the position of the equilibrium.

. ............................................................................................................................................
Forward reaction is endothermic as more nitrogen dioxide is formed causing the position
of the equilibrium to shift to the right.
. ............................................................................................................................................

. ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) Suggest what you would see if the pressure on the equilibrium mixture were increased at
constant temperature.
Explain your answer in terms of the position of the equilibrium.
The brown color becomes lighter as high pressure favors the side with less moles of gasses
. ............................................................................................................................................
causing the equilibrium to shift to the left as there is fewer moles of gasses on the left.
. ............................................................................................................................................

. ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 10]

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6 (a) Alkanes and alkenes are two homologous series of hydrocarbons.

(i) What is meant by the term hydrocarbon?

Compounds containing hydrogen and carbon only
. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) What is the general formula of the homologous series of

alkanes, ...............................................................................................................................

alkenes? ..............................................................................................................................
[2]

(iii) Other than having a general formula, state two characteristics of a homologous series.
Same functional groups
1 . .........................................................................................................................................
Similar chemical properties
2 . .........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(iv) The structure of an alkene molecule with the molecular formula C4H8 is shown.

H H H H

C C C C H

H H H

 raw the structure of a different alkene molecule with the molecular formula C4H8. Show
D
all of the atoms and all of the bonds.

[1]

(v)  hat term describes molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural
W
formulae?
isomers
. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(b) 2
 5 cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon, CxHy, were burnt in 150 cm3 of oxygen. This was an excess
of oxygen.

 fter cooling, the volume of the gases remaining was 100 cm3. This consisted of 75 cm3 of
A
carbon dioxide and 25 cm3 of unreacted oxygen. The water that was produced in the reaction
was liquid.

All volumes were measured at the same temperature and pressure.

(i) What is meant by an excess of oxygen?

. ......................................................................................................................................
more than enough oxygen [1]

(ii) What was the volume of oxygen that reacted with the hydrocarbon?
125
............................. cm3 [1]

(iii) Complete the table to show the smallest whole number ratio of volumes.

volume of
volume of volume of
: : carbon dioxide
hydrocarbon reacted oxygen reacted
25 125 produced 75

smallest whole
number ratio of 1 : 5 :
3
volumes

[1]

(iv)  se your answer to (b)(iii) to balance the chemical equation. Deduce the formula of the
U
hydrocarbon.

CxHy(g) + ......O2(g) ......CO2(g) + ......H2O(l)

formula of the hydrocarbon = ............................. [2]

[Total: 12]

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7 (a) C
 arbon and silicon are elements in Group IV of the Periodic Table.
Carbon dioxide from the air moves into green plants and is converted into carbohydrates.

(i) Name the process by which carbon dioxide molecules move through the air into green
plants.

.Diffusion
...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Explain why silicon(IV) oxide cannot move through the air in the same way that
carbon dioxide can.

. ......................................................................................................................................
Silicon (IV) Oxide, sand, is a solid so it cannot move through the air like carbon [1]
dioxide, a gas.
(iii)  ame the process by which carbon dioxide is converted into glucose, C6H12O6, in green
N
plants. Give two conditions required for this process to occur. Write a chemical equation
for the reaction which occurs.

name of process ..................................................................................................................

condition 1 ...........................................................................................................................

condition 2 ...........................................................................................................................

chemical equation . ..............................................................................................................

[5]

(b) Starch is a natural polymer made from glucose.

(i) What type of polymerisation occurs when glucose is converted into starch?

. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) What type of reaction occurs when starch is converted into glucose?

. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Starch can be represented as shown.

O O O O

Complete the diagram below to represent the structure of the glucose monomer.

[1]

[Total: 10]

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.

© UCLES 2017 0620/43/O/N/17

 The Periodic Table of Elements
Group

© UCLES 2017
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
12

85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

0620/43/O/N/17
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
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The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).