Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 196 views

    8.3. Preparation of Salts PDF

    Uploaded by

    Clinton Chikengezha
    This document discusses the preparation of salts from acids and bases. It describes how to make salts from insoluble bases by adding excess base to the acid and filtering. For soluble bases, it recommends using acid-base titration to determine the reaction stoichiometry and mixing the correct proportions. Salts can also be prepared by precipitation when mixing solutions that form an insoluble salt product. The precipitate is then filtered, washed, and dried. The document provides guidance on identifying suitable starting materials to make a given salt based on its name.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    8.3. Preparation of Salts PDF

    Uploaded by

    Clinton Chikengezha
    196 views2 pages
    This document discusses the preparation of salts from acids and bases. It describes how to make salts from insoluble bases by adding excess base to the acid and filtering. For soluble bases, it recommends using acid-base titration to determine the reaction stoichiometry and mixing the correct proportions. Salts can also be prepared by precipitation when mixing solutions that form an insoluble salt product. The precipitate is then filtered, washed, and dried. The document provides guidance on identifying suitable starting materials to make a given salt based on its name.

    Original Title

    8.3. Preparation of salts.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses the preparation of salts from acids and bases. It describes how to make salts from insoluble bases by adding excess base to the acid and filtering. For soluble bases, it recommends using acid-base titration to determine the reaction stoichiometry and mixing the correct proportions. Salts can also be prepared by precipitation when mixing solutions that form an insoluble salt product. The precipitate is then filtered, washed, and dried. The document provides guidance on identifying suitable starting materials to make a given salt based on its name.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    196 views2 pages

    8.3. Preparation of Salts PDF

    Uploaded by

    Clinton Chikengezha
    This document discusses the preparation of salts from acids and bases. It describes how to make salts from insoluble bases by adding excess base to the acid and filtering. For soluble bases, it recommends using acid-base titration to determine the reaction stoichiometry and mixing the correct proportions. Salts can also be prepared by precipitation when mixing solutions that form an insoluble salt product. The precipitate is then filtered, washed, and dried. The document provides guidance on identifying suitable starting materials to make a given salt based on its name.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Cambridge​ ​IGCSE​ ​Chemistry

    Topic​ ​8:​ ​Acids,​ ​bases​ ​and​ ​salts


    ​ ​Preparation​ ​of​ ​salts

    Notes

    www.pmt.education
    Demonstrate​ ​knowledge​ ​and​ ​understanding​ ​of​ ​preparation,​ ​separation​ ​and
    purification​ ​of​ ​salts

    salts​ ​from​ ​insoluble​ ​bases:


    ● add​ ​excess​ ​base​ ​to​ ​the​ ​acid
    ● filter​ ​to​ ​remove​ ​any​ ​unreacted​ ​base​ ​that’s​ ​been​ ​added
    ● heat​ ​solution​ ​or​ ​leave​ ​in​ ​warm​ ​place​ ​to​ ​evaporate​ ​the​ ​water,​ ​allowing
    crystals​ ​of​ ​the​ ​salt​ ​to​ ​form
    salts​ ​from​ ​soluble​ ​bases:
    ● use​ ​an​ ​acid-base​ ​titration​ ​to​ ​find​ ​the​ ​exact​ ​volume​ ​of​ ​the​ ​soluble​ ​base
    that​ ​reacts​ ​with​ ​the​ ​acid
    ● mix​ ​these​ ​correct​ ​proportions,​ ​which​ ​will​ ​produce​ ​a​ ​solution​ ​of​ ​the​ ​salt
    and​ ​water​ ​only​ ​(as​ ​all​ ​the​ ​acid​ ​and​ ​base​ ​has​ ​reacted)
    ● warm​ ​solution​ ​to​ ​evaporate​ ​the​ ​water​ ​to​ ​leave​ ​crystals​ ​of​ ​the​ ​salt

    (Extended​ ​only)​ ​Demonstrating​ ​knowledge​ ​and​ ​understanding​ ​of​ ​the


    preparation​ ​of​ ​insoluble​ ​salts​ ​by​ ​precipitation

    ● An​ ​insoluble​ ​salt​ ​is​ ​formed​ ​as​ ​a​ ​precipitate,​ ​which​ ​means​ ​it​ ​is​ ​a​ ​solid​ ​in​ ​the
    water/solution.
    ● making​ ​insoluble​ ​salts:
    ○ mix​ ​the​ ​two​ ​solutions​ ​that​ ​will​ ​form​ ​the​ ​salt
    ○ filter​ ​to​ ​remove​ ​the​ ​solid​ ​insoluble​ ​salt
    ○ wash​ ​salt​ ​with​ ​distilled​ ​water
    ○ leave​ ​salt​ ​to​ ​dry​ ​on​ ​filter​ ​paper​ ​(or​ ​dry​ ​more​ ​quickly​ ​in​ ​an​ ​oven)

    (Extended​ ​only)​ ​Suggest​ ​a​ ​method​ ​of​ ​making​ ​a​ ​given​ ​salt​ ​from​ ​a​ ​suitable
    starting​ ​material,​ ​given​ ​appropriate​ ​information

    ● If​ ​reactants​ ​are​ ​soluble​ ​=​ ​titration


    ● If​ b​ ase​ ​is​ ​insoluble​ ​=​ ​add​ ​an​ ​excess​ ​of​ ​it​ ​to​ ​acid​ ​to​ ​ensure​ ​neutralisation​ ​and​ ​then
    remove​ ​the​ ​excess
    ● if​ ​you​ ​are​ ​given​ ​the​ ​name​ ​of​ ​a​ ​salt​ ​and​ ​need​ ​to​ ​identify​ ​suitable​ ​starting
    materials:
    o first​ ​part​ ​of​ ​name​ ​e.g.​ ​sodium​ ​→​ ​use​ ​a​ ​base​ ​containing​ ​sodium​ ​e.g.
    sodium​ ​hydroxide
    o second​ ​part​ ​of​ ​name​ ​→​ ​acid:
    ▪ sulfate​ ​ ​→​ ​sulfuric​ ​acid
    ▪ nitrate​ ​ ​→​ ​nitric​ ​acid
    ▪ chloride​ ​ ​→​ ​hydrochloric​ ​acid

    www.pmt.education

    You might also like