Formula of the compound

. - - -- -.------------------
IUPAC name Common name
------------------+-~=-=~::....:=:___.J__~=::::::_:=:=--
CH2 == CH2 Ethene Ethylene

Cl-13--CH = CH2 Propene Propylene

2 1
cH3 -CH2 -CH=CH2 But-1-ene a-Butylene
a

4 3 2 1
cH3 - CH= CH- CH3 But-2-ene f3-Butylene
p a
2 I
cH 3 - CH 2 - CH2 -CH= CH 2 Pent-1-ene a-Pentylene
~ a
2 1
CH 3 - CH 2 - CH= CH -CH3 Pent-2-ene J3-Pentylene
- ~ a

2 1
Hex-1-ene a-Hexylene
CH3 - CH 2 - CH2 - CH2 - ~H = ;H2

3 2 I
Hex-2-ene f3-Hexylene
CH 3 - CH-, - CH 2 - CH= CH - CH3
. - f3 a

4 3 2 I
Hex-3-ene y-Hexylene
CI-I 3 - CH 2 - CH= CH - CH 2 - CH3
y p a
r--F;;:::;:~-=-;--~---=:._.:. .:. . :'-J:
•J.~.1..l:'-4~_.1..l.:.A'-':'-'~V:
-:=-F-=-:::=~~~~~~~~~--l-~~~£~~~--i---~~~~~~~01
~~~1~•~~==~~~-,.---------
.&.
-.> .....~ .l.t.t.•y,J~------- - ---

rHe
onnuta of the compound
== CH
IUPAC name ommon nalite
Ethyne Acetylene
ven
~~"
be]~~\v--•1··

CH3 - C
~
3 -
= CH

CH2 - C = CH 3
Propyne
But-1-yne
Methylacetylene or Al
Ethyl acetylene
1,
CH3 - C = C - CH 3 But-2-yne Dimethyl acetylene

CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - ~ = bH Pent-1-yne n-Propyl acetylene

3 2 1
CH3 - CH2 - C = C - CH 3 Pent-2-yne Ethyl methyl acetylene

Hex-1-yne n-Butyl acetylene

3 2 1
CH3 -CH 2 -CH 2 -C=C-CH 3 Hex-2-yne Methyl n-propyl acetylene

4 3 2 1
Hex-3-yne Diethyl acetylene
CH3 -CH2 -C =C-CH 2 -CH 3
 1 I

❖
iFormula of the compound IUPAC name Common name
CH30H Methanol Methy1 alcohol
(or Wood spirit) I

CH3CH20H Ethanol Ethyl alcohol

3 2 1
CH 3 - CH2-CH20H Propan-1-ol n-Propyl alcohol
3 2 1
CH3-CH -CH3 Propan-2-ol lsopropyl alcohol
\
OH
4 3 2 1
CH3 -CH 2 - CH 2 - CH2- 0H Butan-1-ol n-Butyl alcohol
 Formula of the compound IUPAC name Commo1i .name
I 4 3 2 1
CH3-CH 2 -CH-CH 3 B utan -2-ol Sec-Butyl alcohol
\
OH
5 4 3 2 1
CH3 -CH2-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 - 0H Pentan-1-ol n-Pentyl alcohol
CH3 - CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 - CH 2- 0H Hexan- 1-ol n-Hexyl alcohol
_ _ ,.,.......,..,.,,.,,,T" "" .. . --. . -.. . .- .•.·..\::- ;:·::_: : -·:\?: r ::::,:-.--·•-:-:-:=> ------ ·,;-·-· -._. ·-·.. -·-· - ._. :-· --------. --- ----.-.-.-.-.-...... -.- - -- .-. ~ --- -::-- -:-. -- --.-.--·-· --- . ·. -: '.,'. -::-·-:•'"'

Fo.r1nP.ll!:!i'.lg,t::\ ~~l,\\: \~p.\Upo.utidF',.: [:;:;/\

..-.- .-: ... .. :-:,.- ..... ,•,·.·,•. •,•,, ..
IUPA.C:_'name'"'' :> ·,. -.·,::;:):/:. : : ::::!/!!;(f}!)f!i.)\'!iillililli i/l/;1■1:i;itui::!i::/!!i!}lI!}//;{{?
7

H-CHO Methanal Formaldehyde

CH3-CHO Ethanal Acetaldehyde

CH3CH2-CHO Propanal Propionaldehyde

CH3CH2CH2 - CHO Butanal n-Butyraldehyde

CH3CH2CH2CH2 - CHO Pentanal n- Valeraldehyde

CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2 - CHO Hexanal n-Caproaldehyde

CH3-CO-CH3 Propanone Dimethyl ketone or Acetone
1 2 3 4
CH3- CO-CH2-CH3 Butan-2-one Ethylmethyl ketone
1 2 3 4 5
CH3- CH2- CO-CH2-CH3 Pentan-3-one Diethyl ketone
1 2 3 4 5
CH - CO - CH - CH2 - CH 3 Pentan-2-one Methyl-n-propyl ketone
3 2

l 2 3 4 5 6
C H3 - CH 2 - CH 2 - CH 2 - CH 2 -CH3 Hexan-2-one Methyl-n-butyl ketone
 Formula·of ·the :'compound . . ..· >.•>.;-:"·.·,:-,.,. .::·: ,.

IUPAC name '' Coriim«?!IfP~,:;jh);rn\i'

H- COOH
Methanoic acid Formic acid
CH3 -COOH
Ethanoic acid Acetic acid
CH3CH2 - COOH Propanoic acid Propionic acid
CH3CH2CH2 - COOH Butanoic acid n-Butyric acid
CH3CH2CH2CH2 - COOH Pentanoic acid Valerie acid
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2 - COOH Hexanoic acid Caproic acid
 11 . I
Table 6.1 : Summary of functional groups amt mcu .......,••- · - - -· ·
IOPAC name
Functional
S.No. Class of ....:
General group
compounds forroula
- A]kanes
1. Alkanes CnH2n+2
. A]kenes
)C=C(
2. Alkenes(olefins) CnH2n
-C=C-
Alkynes
Alkynes CnH2n-2
3. -OH
Alkanols
Monohydric CnH2n+IOH
4. (Hydroxyl group)
or R - OH
alcohols
 . . . .... . ·.-.·.·, ... > •.•
.IUPAC name . -·: ·c;oinwon.: nartie ··.
.·.·. .
,·

Methanamine Methylamine
CH3 - CH2 - NH2 Ethanamine Ethylamine
3 2 1
CH3 -CH2 -CH 2 - NH 2 Propan-1-amine n-Propylamine
3 2 1
C H3 -CH-CH3 Propan-2-amine sec-Propylamine
I
NH2
4 3 2 1
CH 3 - CH 2 -CH 2 -CH2 - NH2 Butan-1-amine n-Butylamine
5 4 3 2 1
C H3 - CH 2 -CH2 -CH2 - CH2 - NH2 Pentan-1-amine n-Pentylamine
6 5 4 3 2 1
CH 3 - CH 2 - CH 2 -CH2 - CH2 -CH2 - NH2 Hexan-1-amine n-Hexylamine
- - ···•·--··" ·• ·· •• ····· .. ···················· --··

0
5. Aldehydes II
-C-H Alkanals
(Aldehyde group)

0
6. Ketones II
CnH2n+1-CO- CmH2m+I -c- Alkanones
orR-CO-R' (Keto group)
7. Monocarboxylic CnH 2n + 1COOR -COOR Alkanoic acids
acids orR-COOH (Carboxyl group)

8. Primary amines CnH2n + 1 NH2 - NH2 Alkanamines

orR-NH2 (amino group)