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    This document discusses the difficulties of converting the Indian Ocean into a nuclear weapons free zone. It provides background on nuclear weapons, noting that only a few nations currently possess them. It also gives a brief overview of countries that have detonated nuclear weapons or are believed to possess them. The document then discusses the importance of the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka's involvement in calls for nuclear non-proliferation and bans on testing. It concludes by outlining sections on defining nuclear free zones, relevant literature, recommendations, and a conclusion.

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    SS 22

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    charitha85
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    This document discusses the difficulties of converting the Indian Ocean into a nuclear weapons free zone. It provides background on nuclear weapons, noting that only a few nations currently possess them. It also gives a brief overview of countries that have detonated nuclear weapons or are believed to possess them. The document then discusses the importance of the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka's involvement in calls for nuclear non-proliferation and bans on testing. It concludes by outlining sections on defining nuclear free zones, relevant literature, recommendations, and a conclusion.

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    This document discusses the difficulties of converting the Indian Ocean into a nuclear weapons free zone. It provides background on nuclear weapons, noting that only a few nations currently possess them. It also gives a brief overview of countries that have detonated nuclear weapons or are believed to possess them. The document then discusses the importance of the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka's involvement in calls for nuclear non-proliferation and bans on testing. It concludes by outlining sections on defining nuclear free zones, relevant literature, recommendations, and a conclusion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    26 views2 pages

    SS 22

    Uploaded by

    charitha85
    This document discusses the difficulties of converting the Indian Ocean into a nuclear weapons free zone. It provides background on nuclear weapons, noting that only a few nations currently possess them. It also gives a brief overview of countries that have detonated nuclear weapons or are believed to possess them. The document then discusses the importance of the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka's involvement in calls for nuclear non-proliferation and bans on testing. It concludes by outlining sections on defining nuclear free zones, relevant literature, recommendations, and a conclusion.

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    SS 22

    WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT

    DIFFICULTIES OF CONVERTING THE INDIAN OCEAN INTO A


    NUCLEAR WEAPONS FREE ZONE

    INTRODUCTION

    1. A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force


    from nuclear reactions, either fission or from a combination of fission
    and fusion reactions.

    2. Nuclear weapons have been used twice in war, both times by the United
    States against Japan near the end of World War II. On August 6, 1945, the U.S. Army
    Air Forces detonated a uranium gun-type fission bomb nicknamed "Little Boy" over
    the Japanese city of Hiroshima, three days later, on August 9, the U.S. Army Air
    Forces detonated a plutonium implosion-type fission bomb nicknamed "Fat Man"
    over the Japanese city of Nagasaki. These bombings caused injuries that resulted in
    the deaths of approximately 200,000 civilians and personnel.

    3. Since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, nuclear weapons have


    been detonated over two thousand times for testing and demonstration. Only a few
    nations possess such weapons or are suspected of seeking them.

    4. The only countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons and


    acknowledge possessing them are the United States, Russia , the United
    Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan, and North Korea. Israel is believed to
    possess nuclear weapons, though, in a policy of deliberate ambiguity, it does not
    acknowledge having them. 

    5. Germany, Italy, Turkey, Belgium and the Netherlands are nuclear weapons


    sharing states. South Africa is the only country to have independently developed and
    then renounced and dismantled its nuclear weapons.

    6. The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons aims to reduce the


    spread of nuclear weapons, but its effectiveness has been questioned. Modernisation
    of weapons continues to this day.[8]

    BACKGROUND OF THE SITUATION

    7. Importance of Indian Ocean

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    8. Involvement of Sri Lanka. In April 1962, Mrs Bandaranaike reacted


    to America’s testing of a nuclear device. Writing once again to President Kennedy,
    Mrs Bandaranaike claimed that “coming at a time when there is universal demand for
    the outlawing of these tests ad when the hopes of the world are centred on the current
    negotiations in Geneva, the resumption of these tests is a grave setback to peace and
    brings mankind once again to the brink of nuclear destruction.” She was forthright in
    her standpoint, informing the US President that “the neutralist nations like Ceylon,
    who are dedicated to the cause of disarmament and the banning of nuclear tests, are
    shocked at this disregard of their cumulative wishes.” 

    9. In July 1963, Mrs Bandaranaike welcomed the initialing of the Nuclear Test-
    Ban Treaty by Britain, the United States of America and the Soviet Union. Issuing a
    message on this occasion she stated that “this is indeed an important first step on the
    road to world peace. If the present Treaty, as we genuinely hope, could lead to a total
    ban on nuclear tests, it would indeed be hailed as the most significant act of peace
    since the Second World War.” “Ceylon,” she said was hopeful that “the present
    achievement of the three powers will usher a new era of international confidence and
    pave the way for even greater achievements towards general and complete
    disarmament.”

    LITERATURE

    WHAT IS A NUCLEAR FREE ZONE?

    RECOMMENDATIONS

    CONCLUSION

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