كراسة التمارين ١٢ ع فصل ثاني طبعة ثانية

‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺹ ﺗﻌﻠﱡﻢ‬

‫ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴّﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻒ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻴّﺔ ﻳﻮﻣﻴّﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻄﺮﺡ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﱢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣ ّﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺲ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺰﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴّﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻲ ّ‬
‫ﻔﻬﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸ ّ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﻮﺯﻳّﺔ ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻨﻤّﻲ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺗ َ ِﻲ ﺍﻟﺘّﻌﺒﻴﺮ ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﱠﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩّ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﻭﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﱢ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺟﺰﺀﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺳﻜﺔ ﺗﺤﻔّﺰ ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﻴّﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ً‬
‫ﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻗﺪﺭﺍﺗﻬﻢ ﻭﺗﺸ ّﺠﻌﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ّ‬
‫‪øjQÉªàdG á°SGôc‬‬
‫‪q‬‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠّﻢ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ّ‬
‫‪»ª∏Y öûY‬‬ ‫‪q‬‬

‫‪∞°üdG‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪»°SGQódG π°üØdG‬‬
‫‪á«fÉãdG á©Ñ£dG‬‬
‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫‪»ª∏Y öûY‬‬ ‫‪q‬‬

‫‪∞°üdG‬‬
‫‪»°SGQódG π°üØdG‬‬
‫‪øjQÉªàdG á°SGôc‬‬
‫‪q‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﺍﻹﺷﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺀﻣﺔ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫)ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺎ(‬ ‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﺣﺴﲔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﻓﺘﺤﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﺣﺼﺔ ﻳﻮﻧﺲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ ١٤٤٠ - ١٤٣٩‬ﻫـ‬
‫‪ ٢٠١٩ - ٢٠١٨‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ ﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ـ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬
‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬

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‫ﻡ‬٢٠١٤ ‫ ﻭﺑﻴﺮﺳﻮﻥ ﺇﺩﻳﻮﻛﻴﺸﻦ‬.‫ﻡ‬.‫ﻡ‬.‫ ﺵ‬House of Education ‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﱠﺮﺑﹶﻮ ﹼﻳﻮﻥ‬
,<T,& SH$U ,%*B / W$X
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‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪9 ............................................................................................................................................................ 5-1‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪12 ........................................................................................................................................................... 5-2‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪14 ........................................................................................................................................................... 5-3‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪16 ............................................................................................................................................................ 5-4‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪18 ........................................................................................................................................................... 5-5‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪20 ........................................................................................................................................................... 5-6‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪22 ............................................................................................................................................................ 5-7‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ ‪25 .............................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺇﺛﺮﺍﺋﻴّﺔ ‪26 ...........................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪27 ........................................................................................................................................................... 6-1‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪30 ........................................................................................................................................................... 6-2‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪32 ........................................................................................................................................................... 6-3‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪34 ........................................................................................................................................................... 6-4‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔ ‪37 .............................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺇﺛﺮﺍﺋﻴّﺔ ‪38 ...........................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﻭﻃﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪40 ............................................................................................................................................................ 7-1‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪43 ............................................................................................................................................................ 7-2‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪46 ............................................................................................................................................................ 7-3‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪49 ............................................................................................................................................................ 7-4‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ ‪52 ...............................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺇﺛﺮﺍﺋﻴّﺔ ‪54 ...........................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪55 ............................................................................................................................................................ 8-1‬‬
‫ﺗَﻤ َ ﱠﺮ ْﻥ ‪60 ........................................................................................................................................................... 8-2‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ ‪64 .................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺇﺛﺮﺍﺋﻴّﺔ ‪66 ...........................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮ ْﻥ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪5-1‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ‬
‫‪Indefinite Integral‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ A‬ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻫﻲ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻋﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪. f (x) = 15 (3x + 2) 4‬‬ ‫‪F (x) = (3x + 2) 5 + 7‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(2-3‬ﺗﺤﻘ ّﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪ F‬ﻫﻲ ﻣﺸﺘﻘ ّﺔ ﻋﻜﺴﻴّﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟ ّﺔ ‪ f‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫‪F (x) = 1 x 3 - x 2 + x - 10‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫‪F (x) = 1 + x 4‬‬
‫‪f (x) = x 2 - 2x + 1‬‬ ‫= )‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪2x 3‬‬

‫‪1 + x4‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(4-14‬ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪(4) # ^ x 5 - 6x + 3hdx‬‬ ‫‪(5) # ^3 - 6x 2hdx‬‬
‫‪(6) #‬‬ ‫‪1 x - 23 dx‬‬ ‫‪(7) # c x 3 -‬‬ ‫‪1 m‬‬
‫‪dx‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪x3‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬ ‫‪(9) # ^ x - 2h^2x + 3hdx‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪# xx 2--27‬‬‫‪3x‬‬
‫‪x dx‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬ ‫‪# xx-+11 dx‬‬ ‫‪(11) #‬‬ ‫‪x- x‬‬

‫‪x‬‬
‫‪dx‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬ ‫‪(13) # ` x + 1x j‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪# 5 +x2x dx‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬
‫‪(14) # ^3‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 4 x 3 h dx‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ‪ ، F (2) = 3‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ )‪. F (x‬‬ ‫= )‪F (x‬‬ ‫)‪ (15‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪# ^3x 2 - 5hdx‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ‪ ، F (- 1) = 0‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ )‪. F (x‬‬ ‫= )‪F (x‬‬ ‫)‪ (16‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪# ^9x 2 - 4x + 5hdx‬‬
‫)‪ (17‬ﻫﺎﻣﺶ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺮﺽ ﺃﻥّ ﻫﺎﻣﺶ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﺎﻉ ‪ x‬ﺃﻟﻒ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪dr‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪dx = 3x - 6x + 12‬‬ ‫)ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭﺍ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ(‬
‫ً‬
‫‪r (0) = 0‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫)‪r (x‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪.‬‬ ‫‪115 m‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫‪16 m/s‬‬ ‫)‪ (18‬ﺃﻟﻘﻴﺖ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺯﻣﻦ ‪ t‬ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ؟‬
‫)ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺠﻠﺔ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ‪.( a (t) = 9.8 m/s 2‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺯﻣﻦ ‪ t‬ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ؟ ً‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ B‬ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-5‬ﻇﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ‪ a‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻭ ‪ b‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = - 3x - 4‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻋﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪F (x) = x - 3‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪# ^- x - 3 + x - 1hdx = 21 x - 2 + 21 x 2 - x + C (2‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪# x12 dx = 1x + C (3‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪1 1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪f (x) = - x + 2 x 2 + 2‬‬ ‫‪ ، f (2) = 1‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫= )‪, f '(x‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪+x‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪F (x) = x 3 + 6x 2 + 15x + 400‬‬ ‫‪ ، F (x) = #‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫‪(3x 2 - 12x + 15) dx , F (0) = 400‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(6-12‬ﻇﻠّﻞ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟ ّﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪(6) #‬‬ ‫= ‪4 3 t 2 dt‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪a 3t 3 + C‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪4t 3 + C‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪c 4 3 t5 + C‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪4 3 t5 + C‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬ ‫= ‪# c 3 x 2 + 3 1 2 mdx‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪a 35 3 x ^ x 3 + 5h + C‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪3 23 ^ - 23‬‬ ‫‪h‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪5x x +5 +C‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪5 3 ^ 43‬‬ ‫‪h‬‬

‫‪3 x x +5 +C‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪5 43 ^ 23‬‬
‫‪3x x +5 +C‬‬
‫‪h‬‬
‫ﻓﺈ ّﻥ ‪ y‬ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫‪dy‬‬

‫‪dx‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪= x 3 , y =-5 , x =-1‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪x 2 - 14‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3x 3 + 2‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3x 3 - 2‬‬ ‫‪3x 3‬‬
‫‪(9) #‬‬ ‫‪2x + 3‬‬

‫= ‪dx‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪3 x 23 + 3 x 21 + C‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪1 x 23 + 6x 21 + C‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪4 x 23 + 6x 21 + C‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪4 23 1 21‬‬

‫‪3x + 6x +C‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
(10) # x ^2 + x 2h dx =
a 4 x 23 + 2 x 27 + C b 3 x 23 + 7 x 27 + C
3 7 4 2
c 1 x 23 + 7 x 27 + C d 4 x 23 + 7 x 27 + C
3 2 3 2
(11) # 2 + 3 x2
dx =
x
a b
1 7 1 7
x2 + 6 x6 + C 4x 2 + 6 x 6 + C
7 7
c d
1 7 1 7
x2 + 7 x6 + C 4x 2 + 7 x 6 + C
6 6
(12) # c x
2
+ 2m
2
- 4x + 4
dx =
a b
x-2
x2 + C 2x + C
c x2
2 + 2x + C
d 1 x3 + C
3
11
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪5-2‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ‬
‫‪Integration by Substitution‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-12‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻹﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪(1) # ^ 2x - 3h‬‬ ‫‪x 2 - 3x + 5 dx‬‬ ‫‪(2) # ^4x - 5h8 dx‬‬
‫‪(3) # ^ x + 2h3‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 4x - 1 dx‬‬ ‫‪(4) # ^ x 2 - 1h‬‬ ‫‪x 3 - 3x + 5 dx‬‬
‫‪(5) # ^ x 2 - 2xh^ x 3 - 3x 2 + 4h5 dx‬‬ ‫‪(6) #‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬

‫‪dx‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪4 + x3‬‬
‫‪(7) #‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪dx‬‬
‫‪(8) #‬‬ ‫‪x ^3x + 2h6 dx‬‬
‫‪2 - 3x‬‬
‫‪(9) #‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪dx‬‬ ‫‪(10) #‬‬ ‫‪x 2 x - 1 dx‬‬
‫‪1 + 3x‬‬
‫‪(11) #‬‬ ‫‪x 3 x 2 - 2 dx‬‬ ‫‪(12) #‬‬ ‫‪x 5 3 x 3 + 1 dx‬‬

‫‪(1) #‬‬ ‫‪x ^ x 2 - 1h dx = 18 ^ x 2 - 1h + C‬‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪(2) # ^ x + 1h3‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 2x + 3 dx = 3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪(x 2 + 2x + 3) 4 + C‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫‪(3) #‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬ ‫‪= 2 3x - 2 + C‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪3x - 2‬‬
‫= ‪(4) # ^2x 2 - 1h^2x 3 - 3x + 4h5 dx‬‬ ‫‪1 ^2x 3 - 3x + 4h6 + C‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪18‬‬
‫‪(5) #‬‬ ‫‪x 3 x + 2 dx = 3 ^ x + 2h3 - 3 ^ x + 2h3 + C‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪(6) #‬‬ ‫= ‪x^ x 2 + 2h dx‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪1 ^ 2‬‬ ‫‪h‬‬

‫‪8‬‬
‫‪16 x + 2 + C‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪4 ^ x + 2h + C‬‬
‫‪1 2‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪1 ^ 2‬‬ ‫‪h6‬‬

‫‪12 x + 2 + C‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪3 ^ x + 2h + C‬‬
‫‪1 2‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
(7) # x-1
dx =
x-1
a 3 ^ x - 1h + C
1 b 3 ^ x - 1h + C
2
2 3
3 2
c 2
^ - 1 h3 + C d 3
^ - 1 h3 + C
2 2
3 x 2 x
(8) # 3
dx
=
3x + 1
a 2^
+ 1 h3 + C b 2^
+ 1 h3 + C
2 2
9 3x 3 3x
c 2 ^3x + 1h3 + C d 1^
+ 1 h3 + C
2 2
2 3x
(9) #
^2 + x h
12
dx =
x
a 13 ^ h
13
2 2+ x +C
b 2 ^ h
13
13 2 + x + C
c 1 ^ h
13
26 2 + x + C
d 1 ^ h
11
22 2 + x + C
(10) #
^ x + 1h
3 dx =
x 2 + 2x + 3
a 3 3 ^ x 2 + 2x + 3h2 + C b 3 3 (x 2 + 2x + 3) 2 + C
4 2
c 3 3 ^ x 2 + 2x + 3 h + C
2
d 3 3 x 2 + 2x + 3 + C
4
(11) # x
dx =
x+1
a 3 3
2 (x + 1) - 2 x + 1 + C
b 2 ^ x + 1h3 - 1 x + 1 + C
3 2
c 2 3
3 (x + 1) - 2 x + 1 + C
d 2 ^ x + 1h3 + 2 x + 1 + C
3
:‫ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ F (x) :‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬، F ^- 2h = 9
8 ، F (x) = # ^ x + 1h^2x 2 + 4x - 1hdx :‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬12)
a 8 ^ 2x + 4x - 1 h + 4
1 2 2 5 b 8 ^ 2x + 4x - 1 h + 1
1 2 2
c 4 ^ 2x + 4x - 1 h + 1
1 2 2
d 4 ^ 2x 2 + 4x - 1 h - 1
2
13
‫ﱠ‬
5-3
‫ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻴﺔ‬
Integral of Trigonometric Functions
‫ ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬A ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

.‫ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬،(1-14) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬
(1) # (sec x tan x + sin x) dx (2) # ^csc x cot x + sec 2 xhdx
(3) # c - 12 + 5 sin 3x mdx (4) # sin 4 x cos x dx
x
(5) # cos 5 x sin x dx (6) # x 2 sin ^ x 3 + 1h dx
(7) # sin x
dx (8) # sec 3 x tan x dx
cos 3 x
(9) # csc 3 x cot x dx (10) # cot x csc 2 x dx
(11) # tan x sec 2 x dx (12) # 1 + sin x cos x dx
(13) # dx
2 (14) # 2
dx
(sin x) 1 + cot x (cos x) 1 + tan x
‫ ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬B ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

.‫ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‬b ‫ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻭ‬a ‫ ﻇﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬،(1-5) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬
(1) # sec 2 x dx = tan x + C a b
(2) # csc 2 x dx = cot x + C a b
(3) ` F '(x) = sec 2 x , F ` 4 j = - 1 j ( F (x) = tan x + 2
π a b
(4) ^F '(x) = cos x + sin x , F (π) = 1h ( F (x) = sin x - cos x a b
(5) ^ F '(x) = sec x tan x , F (0) = 4h ( F (x) = sec x + 3 a b
.‫ ﻇﻠّﻞ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟ ّﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬،(6-12) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬
:‫ﻫﻲ‬ f (x) = 8 + csc x cot x ‫ ﺣﻴﺚ‬f ‫( ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬6)
a F (x) = 8x + csc x + C b F (x) = 8x - cot x + C
c F (x) = 8x - csc x + C d F (x) = 8x + cot x + C
14
(7) # csc (5x) cot (5x) dx =
a 1
5 csc (5x) + C
b csc (5x) + C
c 1 d 1
5 csc (5x) + C
5 cot (5x) + C -
(8) # 3
cot x csc 2 x dx =
a 3 3 ^cot xh4 + C b -
3 3 ^cot xh4 + C
4 4
c - 4 ^ cot x h + C
3 3
d 3 3 ^cot xh4 + C
4
:‫ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬y ‫ﻓﺈ ّﻥ‬ ‫( ﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬9)
dy
dθ = sini , yi ==0 - 3
a - cos θ b 2 - cos θ
c - 2 - cosi d 4 - cos θ
(10) # sec 5 x tan x dx =
a 5 5
3 sec x + C
b 1 6
5 sec x + C
c 1 5
5 sec x + C
d 5 5
- sec x + C
3
(11) # 3
csc 2 x
dx =
2 + cot x
a 2 ^ 2 + cot xh + C
3 b 2 ^2 + cot x h + C
2 3 2
3 - 3
c d 4^
+ cot xh 3 + C
4
-2 2 + cot x + C 2
3
(12) # sin (4x)
dx =
cos 5 (4x)
a -
1 -4
16 cos (4x) + C
b 1 -4
16 cos (4x) + C
c - cos
-4
(4x) + C d cos -4 (4x) + C
15
‫ﱠ‬
5-4
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍ ّﻝ ﺍﻷﺳﻴّﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﻏﺎﺭﻳﺘﻤﻴﺔ‬
Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

. dx ‫ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‬،(1-15) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬
dy
(1) y = 7x (2) y=5 x+1

(3) y = 8 tanx
(4) (5) (6)

x
y = 2e x y = e- x y = 3e 5
(7) (8) (9)

2-x+1
y = ex y = e2 x +3
y = e cs c x
(10) (11) y = ln] x 3g (12) y = ln c

1m
4-5
y = ex
(13) (14) (15)

x2
y = ln ] x + 2g y = ln ]2 - cos xg y = ln ]lnxg
:‫ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬،(16-27) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬

(16) # e 0.1x dx (17) # 1 1x
e dx
x2
(18) # (19) #
2 3 - 6x
(2x + 1) e x +x+4
dx (x 2 - 2) e x dx
(20) # b e 0.5x + 0x.5 ldx (21) # ex

x
e +1
dx
(22) # 2
x+1
dx (23) # x3 - x
dx
x + 2x + 5 x 4 - 2x 2
(24) # x2 + 1
x dx (25) # 2
3x + 1 dx
(26) # (2tanx - csc 2 x) dx (27) # (cotx + x 2) dx

a b dx = 4x :‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬y = 4
dy x-2
:‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬1)
a b f '(x) = 2xe 2x :‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬f (x) = e x
2
a b g' (x) = 2x + 2 :‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬g (x) = ln^ 2x + 2h
1
a b y ' = ln x :‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬y = xln x - x :‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬4)
a b # 1 ln x
2x dx = 2 + C (5)
a b # 3x + 1 dx = ln ^3x + 1h + C
1
(6)
16
:‫ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ ‫ ﻓﺈ ّﻥ‬، y = e - 5x ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬7)
dy
dx
a e - 5x b -e
- 5x
c - 5e
- 5x d 5e - 5x
:‫ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬dx ‫ ﻓﺈ ّﻥ‬، y = x 2 e x - x e x ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬8)

dy
a e x ^ x 2 + x - 1h b e x ^ x 2 - xh
c 2x e x - e x d e x ^ x 2 + 2x + 1 h
:‫ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ ‫ ﻓﺈ ّﻥ‬، y = ^ln xh2 ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬9)

dy
dx
a ln x
x
b 2ln x
x
c xln x
2
d 2ln 2 x
x
:‫ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬dx ّ‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬، y = ln ` 10 x j ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬10)
dy
a -
10
x
b 10 x
c 1
x
d - 1x
:‫ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬dx ّ‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬، y = ln ^ x 2 + 1h ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬11)

dy
a x b 2
x2 + 1 x2 + 1
c 2x
2
d - 2
2x
x +1 x +1
(12) # 2x
2 dx =
x +1
a 2ln ^ x 2 + 1h + C b ln ^ x 2 + 1h + C
c 2
x2
+C d 1 2
x
+C
x +1 x +1
(13) #
3
e + e- x
x
2 dx =
a e x - e- x
2 +C b e x + e- x
2 +C
c e- x - e x
2 +C d e 2x - e - 2x
2 +C
(14) # ex
e x - 4 dx =
a - 21 ^e x - 4h + C b ln e x - 4 + C
c - ln ex - 4 + C d 1 x
2 ln e - 4 + C
17
‫ﱠ‬
5-5
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺰﻱﺀ‬
Integration by Parts
.‫ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬،(1-14) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬
(1) # x cos (3x) dx (2) # x sin (5x) dx
(3) # x e x - 3 dx (4) # ^ x - 5he x - 5 dx

(5) # ln 4 x dx (6) # ln (2x - 1) dx
(7) # (2x + 1) ln (x + 1) dx (8) # ln (x)

dx
x2
(9) # ln x
3 dx (10) # x 2 ln x 2 dx
(11) (12) # ^ x 2 + 3xh sin x dx

x
# ^ x 2 - 2xh cos x dx
(13) # x 2 e x + 1 dx (14) # x 2 e 2x - 3 dx
(15) # ^ln (x)h2 dx (16) # e 2x sin x dx
(17) # sin ^ln xh dx

(1) # 1 1
x cos (2x) dx = 2 x sin (2x) + 4 cos 2x + C a b
(2) # x 1
x sin (π x) dx = - π cos (π x) + 2 sin (π x) + C a b
π
(3) # 1 1
x e 6x dx = 6 x e 6x - 36 e 6x + C a b
(4) # x e -x dx = - x e -x + e -x + C a b
(5) # x sec 2 x dx = x tan x - ln sec x + C a b
18
(6) # ^ 2x + 1h sin x dx
a ^ 2x + 1h cos x + 2 sin x + C b -^ 2x + 1h cos x + 2 sin x + C
c -^ x + 1h cos x - 2 sin x + C d ^ 2x + 1h cos x - sin x + C
(7) # x 2 ln (x) dx =
a 1 3
3 x ln (x) -
x3
3 +C
b 1 3
3 x ln (x) -
x3
9 +C
c 1 3
3 x ln (x) +
x3
9 +C
d -
1 3
3 x ln (x) -
x3
9 +C
:‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬# ^ 2x + 1 h ln x dx = uv - # vdu ‫ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬،(8-9) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ‬
(8) uv =
a (2x + 1) ln x b 2x ln x
c 2x + 1
2 ln x
d x (x + 1) ln x
(9) # vdu =
a 1
2 x ln x + C
b 1 2
2x +x+C
c (2x + 1) ln x + C d 1 3 1 2
3x + 2x +C
:‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬# ^ 3x - 1 h e 3x +2
dx = uv - # vdu ‫ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬،(10-11) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ‬
(10) uv =
a (3x - 1) e 3x + 2 b 1
3 (3x - 1) e
3x + 2
c (3x - 1) e x + 2 d 1
3 (x - 1) e
3x + 2
(11) # vdu =
a -
1 3x + 2
3e +C b -e
3x + 2
+C
c 1 3x + 2
3e +C d e 3x + 2 + C
19
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪5-4‬‬
‫‪5-6‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫‪Integration Using Partial Fractions‬‬

‫‪.#‬‬ ‫‪f (x) dx‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-4‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺋﻴّﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺛﻢ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‬
‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪f (x) = ] x - 5g] x - 3g‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫= )‪f (x‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪x 2 + 2x‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫= )‪f (x‬‬

‫‪- x + 10‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = 3‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪x 2 + x - 12‬‬ ‫‪x + 2x 2 - 3x‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(5-11‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪(5) #‬‬ ‫‪x + 17‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬ ‫‪(6) #‬‬ ‫‪- 6x + 25‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬
‫‪2x + 5x - 3‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪- 6x + 9x‬‬
‫‪(7) #‬‬ ‫‪3x 2 - 4x + 3 dx‬‬ ‫‪(8) #‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x + 2 dx‬‬

‫‪x 3 - 3x 2‬‬ ‫‪(x - 3) 2‬‬
‫‪(9) #‬‬ ‫‪2x 2 + x + 3 dx‬‬ ‫‪(10) #‬‬ ‫‪x 3 - 2 dx‬‬
‫‪x2 - 1‬‬ ‫‪x2 + x‬‬
‫‪(11) #‬‬ ‫‪x 4 - 2x 3 + x 2 + 2x - 1 dx‬‬
‫‪x 2 - 2x + 1‬‬
‫ﻟﻨﺄﺧﺬ‪f (x) = 2x - 53 x - 72x + 32x - 28 :‬‬ ‫)‪(12‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x - 2 x - 4x + 8‬‬
‫ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ )‪. h (x‬‬ ‫)‪ (a‬ﺍﻛﺘﺐ )‪ f (x‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ )‪ ، q (x) + h (x‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ )‪r (x‬‬
‫)‪r (x‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺋﻴّﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ))‪. hr ((xx‬‬

‫‪.#‬‬ ‫‪f (x) dx‬‬ ‫)‪ (c‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‬

‫‪(1) #‬‬ ‫‪4dx‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪^ x + 3h^ x + 7 h‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪ln x + 3 + ln x + 7 + C‬‬
‫‪(2) #‬‬ ‫‪- 6dx‬‬

‫‪= - 2ln x + 3 + 2ln x + C‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
a b f (x) = 3 - 2 :‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻛﺴﻮﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ‬ f (x) = 4x - 11 :‫( ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬3)
x + 1 2x - 3 2x 2 - x - 3
a b .‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻛﺴﻮﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ‬ x2 - x + 2 :‫( ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬4)
x 3 - 2x 2 + x
(5) # 6 dx
=
x2 - 9
a ln x + 3 - ln x - 3 + C b ln ^ x - 3h - ln ^ x + 3h + C
c ln x + 3 + ln x - 3 + C d ln x - 3 - ln x + 3 + C
(6) # 2
7x - 7 dx
=
x - 3x - 10
a 4ln x + 2 + 3ln x - 5 + C b 3ln x + 2 + 2ln x - 5 + C
c 4ln x - 5 + 3ln x + 2 + C d 4ln x - 5 - 3ln x + 2 + C
:‫ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ f (x) ‫ﻛﺴﻮﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ‬f (x) = 2 x :‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫( ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬7)
x -4
a 1 1
x-2 + x+2
b 1 1
2 (x - 2) + 2 (x + 2)
c 1 1
x-2 - x+2
d 1 1
2 (x - 2) - 2 (x + 2)
(8) # 2x 2 - 4x + 3
dx =
x2 - 1
a 9
2 + 2 ln x - 1 - 2 ln x + 1 + C b 1 9
2 ln x - 1 - 2 ln x + 1 + C
c 1 9
2x + 2 ln x - 1 - 2 ln x + 1 + C d 1
x + 2 ln x - 1 - 9 ln x + 1 + C
(9) # 3x 2 + 2x
dx =
x2 - 4
a 4ln x - 2 - 2ln x + 2 + C b 3x + 2ln x - 2 - 2ln x - 2 + C
c 3x + 4ln x - 2 - 2ln x + 2 + C d 3x + 4ln x - 2 + 2ln x + 2 + C
(10) #
3
x +2
dx =
x2 - x
a x2
2 + 3ln x - 1 + 2ln x + C
b x2 -
2 x + 3ln x - 1 + 2ln x + C
c x2
2 - 3ln x - 1 + 2ln x + C
d x2
2 + x + 3ln x - 1 - 2ln x + C
21
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪5-7‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ‬
‫‪Definite Integral‬‬

‫‪(1) #-1 3x (x - 4) dx‬‬ ‫‪(2) #0‬‬ ‫‪(3) #0‬‬ ‫‪x2 - 1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪(x + 1) 2 dx‬‬ ‫‪x + 1 dx‬‬
‫‪(4) #0‬‬ ‫‪(5) #1‬‬ ‫‪(6) #0‬‬

‫‪π‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪8 - x4‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪cos 3x dx‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬ ‫‪x x dx‬‬
‫‪2x 2‬‬
‫‪(7) #1 ` 3e x + 5x j dx‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪(8) #-1‬‬ ‫‪(9) #-1‬‬ ‫‪(10) # 2 ^ x‬‬ ‫‪x + 3h dx‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪x - 2 dx‬‬ ‫‪x 3 dx‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(11-13‬ﺩﻭﻥ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪-‬‬
‫‪(11) #-4 (x 2 + 2x - 8) dx # 0‬‬ ‫‪(12) #- 1 ^ x 3 - 5x 2 - 6xhdx $ 0‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪(13) #0‬‬ ‫‪^ x 2 - 3x + 7h dx $‬‬ ‫‪^4x - 5h dx‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪#0‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(14-15‬ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻦ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻝ ﻹﻳﺠﺎﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪(14) #-3‬‬ ‫‪(15) #-5 -‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪9 - x 2 dx‬‬ ‫‪25 - x 2 dx‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(16-19‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪(16) #0‬‬ ‫‪(17) #e‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪dx‬‬
‫‪^1 + x h2‬‬ ‫‪xln x‬‬
‫‪(18) #1‬‬ ‫‪ln 6 x‬‬

‫‪(19) #-1‬‬
‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪x dx‬‬
‫‪x dx‬‬ ‫‪x2 + 1‬‬
‫‪(20) #0‬‬ ‫‪(21) #0‬‬
‫‪π‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫‪x sin x dx‬‬ ‫‪x cos 3x dx‬‬
‫‪(22) #1‬‬ ‫‪(23) #0 2‬‬

‫‪π‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪x 3 ln x dx‬‬ ‫‪e 2x cos x dx‬‬

‫‪(24) #-1‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪(25) #-2‬‬ ‫‪5x - 1‬‬
‫‪(26) #1‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪^ x + 1h2‬‬
‫‪dx‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬
‫‪x2 - 4‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 2x - 3‬‬
‫‪22‬‬
‫‪(1) #0 2 sin 2 x dx - #π‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫‪π‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫‪cos 2 x dx = 2‬‬
‫‪(2) #-3‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪^ x + x + 5h dx = - 2‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫^ ‪(3) #-1‬‬ ‫‪x h dx = - 2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪(4) #0‬‬ ‫‪12 ^3x - 2h3 dx = - 15‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪(5) #-1 π1‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪1 - x 2 dx = 1‬‬
‫‪(6) #2‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪f (x) dx +‬‬ ‫‪#3‬‬ ‫‪f (x) dx -‬‬ ‫‪#5‬‬ ‫‪f (x) dx = 0‬‬
‫‪(7) #2‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪f (x) dx +‬‬ ‫‪#4‬‬ ‫‪g (x) dx = 0‬‬

‫‪ #-1‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ #-1 ^2f (x) + 3g (x) + 1hdx‬ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪f (x) dx = 4 ,‬‬ ‫‪#3‬‬ ‫‪g (x) dx = 2‬‬
‫‪a 18‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪-6‬‬ ‫‪c 6‬‬ ‫‪d 12‬‬
‫‪(9) # 2‬‬
‫‪18‬‬
‫= ‪2 dx‬‬
‫‪a 2‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪2 2‬‬ ‫‪c 4‬‬ ‫‪d 8‬‬
‫‪(10) #-1 ^1 -‬‬ ‫= ‪x h dx‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪a 1‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪c 0‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪(11) #- π2 ^sin x + cos xhdx‬‬

‫‪π‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪a 4‬‬ ‫‪b 2‬‬ ‫‪c 0‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫‪ # a‬ﻟﻜﻞ ﻗﻴﻢ ‪ a‬ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (12‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪a‬‬
‫‪f (x) dx 2 0‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = x 2 + 5‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬

‫‪-‬‬
‫‪R - R-‬‬ ‫‪R - R+‬‬ ‫‪R-‬‬ ‫‪R+‬‬
‫‪23‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(13-15‬ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (2‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (1‬ﻟﺘﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪a 6‬‬ ‫)‪ #-4 f (x) dx (13‬ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪-4 -3 -2 -1‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4 x‬‬
‫‪b 5‬‬ ‫)‪ (14‬ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪c 0‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪d 3‬‬ ‫)‪ # 4 ` f (x) + 61 j dx (15‬ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪24‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ‬
. f (x) = ^2x + 3h 2x 2 + 6x + 5 ‫ﻫﻲ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻋﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ F (x) = 1 ^2x 2 + 6x + 5h + 8 :‫ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ‬
3
(1)
. F (x) ‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ‬ ، F (2) = 6 :‫ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬F (x) = # ^3x 2 - 2xhdx :‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬ (2)
3
:‫ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‬،(3-20) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬

(3) # ^ x + 2h x 2 + 4x + 7 dx (4) # 2x - 1 dx
(x 2 - x + 7) 5
(5) # x 2 3 x - 3 dx (6) # x 3 x 2 - 8 dx
(7) # 3
x+1
dx (8) # cos x dx
x +1 sin 3 x
(9) # sin x 3 cos 2 x dx (10) # sec 7 x tan x dx
(11) # ` e 3x + 2x4- 1 j dx (12) # 1 x

e dx
x
(13) # x 2 - 4x dx (14) # e 2x + x
dx
x - 6x 2 + 1
3
e 2x + x 2 + 3
(15) # ^ x 2 - 4h cos x dx (16) # ln (3x + 2) dx
(17) # 3x e 2x + 1 dx (18) # x 2 e 2x - 1 dx
(19) # 2
x 2 - 3x dx (20) # x 4 + 2x 2 + 6x dx
x 3 + 4x 2 + 4x
:‫ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‬،(21-26) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬
x - 3x - 28
(21) #1 1
(22) #-1 2x sin ^ 1 - x 2h dx
e 1
x dx
(23) #0 (24) #-6 -

5 0
2x - 5 dx 36 - x 2 dx
(25) #3 x 2 - 3 dx (26) #1 x 3 - 2x 2 + 2 dx
5 3
2
x - 3x + 2 x 3 + 6x 2 + 9x
:‫ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ‬،(27-29) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬
(27) #2
5
(- x 2 + 7x + 8) dx $ 0
(28) #-4
-2
(x 2 + 7x + 10) dx # 0
(29) #-5 ^ x 2 + 13x + 9h dx # ^5x - 6h dx

-4 -4
#-5
25
‫ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺇﺛﺮﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺛﻢ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(1-2‬ﺍﺭﺳﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴًّﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻄﺎﺓ‪ّ ،‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟّﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫]‪y = - x 2 + 5x - 4 , [0 , 2‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫]‪y = x 2 - 4x , [0 , 5‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(3-4‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪.y‬‬

‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫‪dy‬‬ ‫‪dy‬‬
‫‪dθ = csc θ cot θ‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪dx = x ln x‬‬
‫‪d2 y‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ ِﻟـ ‪ y‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪= 2 - 6x , y (0) = 1 , y' (0) = 4‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻜﻠّﻒ ﻃﺒﻊ ‪ 25‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ‪ً 50‬‬

‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻄﺒﻊ ‪ x‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳّﺔ‬
‫‪dx 2‬‬
‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭﺍ ﻛﻮﻳﺘﻴ ًّﺎ ﻟﻜ ّﻞ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ً‬
‫‪dc‬‬
‫= ‪dx‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠّﻴّﺔ ﻟﻄﺒﻊ ‪ 2 500‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(7-8‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‪:‬‬

‫‪(7) #‬‬ ‫‪x 3 e x dx‬‬ ‫‪(8) #‬‬ ‫‪x 3 ln x dx‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪(a) #‬‬ ‫‪x-2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬ ‫‪(b) #‬‬ ‫‪x2 - 9‬‬
‫‪^2x + 1 h^ x 2 + 10x + 25 h‬‬
‫‪dx‬‬
‫‪2x - 5x + 3‬‬
‫‪(c) #‬‬ ‫‪x 4 + 3x 2 - 7‬‬

‫‪^ x - 1h^ x 2 + 5x - 6h‬‬
‫‪dx‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ (10-11‬ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻦ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻝ ﻻﻳﺠﺎﺩ‪:‬‬

‫‪(10) #- 1‬‬ ‫‪(11) #-4 ` π1‬‬ ‫‪- x j 16 - x 2 dx‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪4 - x 2 dx‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(12-14‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪(12) #0‬‬ ‫‪(13) #1‬‬ ‫‪x 3 - 6x 2 + 3 dx‬‬ ‫‪(14) #3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2x + 3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪dx‬‬ ‫‪x 3 x 2 - 4 dx‬‬
‫‪x + 5x + 4‬‬ ‫‪x 3 - 6x 2 + 9x‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(15-16‬ﺩﻭﻥ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪(15) #0‬‬ ‫‪(16) #-1 (x 2 + 13x + 15) dx $ #-1 (3x - 6) dx‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪(- x 2 + 9x - 18) dx # 0‬‬
‫‪26‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪6-1‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻱ‬
‫‪Areas in the Plane‬‬
‫‪ f (x) = 8x 3 : f‬ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ‪x = 1 , x = 3‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = x 2 - 5x : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = 12 - x 2 : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(4-6‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫@‪f (x) = x 2 - x - 6 , 6- 3 , 2‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬ ‫@‪f (x) = x 3 - 6x , 60 , 3‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = cos 2x , 8- 4 , 2 B‬‬

‫‪π π‬‬
‫‪g (x) = 5 + x 2 : g‬‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f (x) = 4x - x 2 : f‬ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻴﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺘﻴﻦ ‪ f , g‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻌﻴﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ‪ً x = 2 , x = 0‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪x= 1, x= 8‬‬ ‫‪ ، f (x) = x ,‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪g (x) = 3 x‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫‪g (x) = 3 - x : g‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f (x) = 2x 2 : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ‪. x = 0 , x = 3‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ‪. g (x) = - 1‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = 3 - x 2‬‬ ‫)‪ (10‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(11-13‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = x 2 - 2 , g (x) = 2‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = 2x - x 2 , g (x) = - 2x‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = 7 - 2x 2 , g (x) = x 2 + 4‬‬
‫‪27‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-5‬ﻇﻠّﻞ ‪ a‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻭ ‪ b‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪#a‬‬ ‫‪f (x) dx‬‬ ‫‪x=a , x=b‬‬
‫‪f (x) = 4 - x 2 : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ @‪ 6- 2 , 2‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2 # f (x) dx‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪f (x) # 0‬‬ ‫@‪6x d 6a, b‬‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ @‪ 6a , b‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫‪#b‬‬ ‫‪f (x) dx‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ‪. x = 3 ، x = - 1‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = x 2 - 2x - 3 : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫=‪A‬‬ ‫‪#-1‬‬ ‫‪f (x) dx‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = x : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪ 6- 2 , 2‬ﻫﻲ‪ 2 :‬ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = 9 - x 2 : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪9π units 2‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪6π units 2‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪3π units 2‬‬

‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪2 π units‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪ 60 , 4‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪g (x) = ^ x - 2h3 : g‬‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻌﺔ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2 # g (x) dx‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪#0‬‬ ‫‪g (x) dx‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪#0‬‬ ‫‪g (x) dx‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪#2‬‬ ‫‪g (x) dx‬‬
‫‪x=0‬‬ ‫‪ g (x) = -‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪x :g‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f (x) = 2‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪ x = 4 ،‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪20 units 2‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪3 units‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬
‫‪3 units‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪8 units 2‬‬
‫‪g (x) = x + 2 : g‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f (x) = 4 - x 2 : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ @‪ 6- 2 , 2‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪π - 2 units 2‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪π units 2‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪π + 2 units 2‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪2 units 2‬‬

‫‪28‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻳﻤﺜﻠﻪ ‪ CB , BD‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪ f‬ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ‪ x = - 1 , x = 3‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪D‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪x‬‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪3 units 2‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪4 units 2‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪2 units 2‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪5 units 2‬‬
‫‪29‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪6-2‬‬
‫ﺣﺠﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫‪Volumes of Revolution Solids‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻜﻞ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-8‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺣﺠﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫‪y1 = x 2 , y2 = 0 , x = 2, x = 0‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y1 = x , y2 = 0 , x = 1 , x = 4‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫‪y1 = 1 - x 2 , y2 = 0‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫‪y1 = x 2 + 1 , y2 = x + 3‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬

‫‪y1 = sec x , y2 = 2 , - 4 # x # 4‬‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬ ‫‪y1 = x + 1 , y2 = x - 1 , x = 1 , x = 4‬‬
‫‪(7) y1 = x , y2 = 1 , x = 0‬‬ ‫‪(8) y1 = x , y2 = 0 , x = 4‬‬

‫)‪ (9‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺨﺮﻭﻁ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻪ ‪) h‬ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻃﻮﻝ(‬
‫ﻭﻃﻮﻝ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺗﻪ ‪) r‬ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻃﻮﻝ( ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f (x) = hr x : f‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪( 60 , h‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f (x) = 3 x : f‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪ 61 , 8‬ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪V = π # ^3 x h dx‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪ 61, 4‬ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪V = π # 4xdx - π # 4xdx‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = 2 x : f‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪V = π # ` x - 2 x 2 j dx‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪g (x) = 2 x 2 : g‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = x : f‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬ ‫‪x=0‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪g (x) = 8 : g‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f (x) = x 3 : f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪x = 0 , h (x) = - 8 : h‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪f‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪ 6- 1,1‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = 3 : f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b 18‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪30‬‬
‫‪6π‬‬ ‫‪18π‬‬ ‫‪81π‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺭﺑﻊ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪S2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﺜﻠﺜﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫‪S1‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫‪S = S1 , S2‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻈﻠﻠﺔ‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪S1‬‬ ‫‪S2‬‬
‫‪-2 -1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2 x‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ‪ S‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬
‫‪3 π‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪4 + 2π‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫‪3 π‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪8π‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪ y = - 4 - x 2‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪4π‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪6π‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫‪3 π‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬
‫‪3 π‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪ f (x) = 1x : f‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎﺕ ‪ y = 0 , x = 2 , x = 1‬ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪π units 3‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫‪3 units‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫‪2 units‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫‪4 units‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪x =-1 , x = 3‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪f (x) = x + 1 : f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪8π‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪7π‬‬ ‫‪c 8‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪2π‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ y = - 2 , x = 0‬ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f (x) = - x : f‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪4π‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪16π‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪8π‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪2π‬‬
‫)‪ (11‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪x = 2y , y = x‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪` x - x j dx‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪π # a 4 - x k dx‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪a x - x k dx‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪π # a x - 4 k dx‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪#0‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪#0‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫)‪ (12‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪y= x‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ ، x = 2y‬ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪64π‬‬
‫‪15 units‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪32π‬‬
‫‪15 units‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪64π‬‬
‫‪5 units‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪8π‬‬
‫‪3 units‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪31‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪6-3‬‬
‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﻗﻮﺱ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪Arc Length and Equation of Function Curve‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ‪.80 , 13 B‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = 5 + 2 x 3‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪: f‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ‪.81 , 54 B‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪f (x) = 3 ^7 + 4xh2 : f‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f (x) = 61 x 3 + 21x : f‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.61, 2‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫)‪A (3, 7‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )‪ (x , y‬ﻫﻮ‪- x + 2x - 4 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫)‪A (1, 3‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )‪ (x , y‬ﻫﻮ‪ - 4x 3 + 2x + 5 :‬ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )‪ (x , y‬ﻫﻮ‪ cos 2x :‬ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪A ` 4 , 2 j‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪f‬‬
‫‪-π 5‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )‪ (x , y‬ﻫﻮ‪ sin 3x :‬ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪A ` 9 , 6 j‬‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪f‬‬
‫‪2π 7‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )‪ (x , y‬ﻫﻮ ‪ 2x + 5‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪B ^- 2 , 3h‬‬
‫‪f ''(x) = 12x 2 - 24x - 1‬‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪A ` - 2 , 16 j‬‬
‫‪1 15‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻈﻤﻰ ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ‬

‫@‪60 , 1‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫‪f (x) = 3 ^1 + 4xh2‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪: f‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻃﻮﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪L= 3‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
‫)‪A (2 , 6‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫‪x3 + 2‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(x , y‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪x4‬‬
‫‪f (x) = 4 + 2x + 2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪A (1 , 1‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪x +x‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(x , y‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﺔ‪f (x) = - 3 x x + x 2 + 3 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ )‪ A (1 , 3‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪f '(x) = 3x 2 - 12x + 9 : f‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = x 3 - 6x 2 + 9x - 1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ‬
‫‪32‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪ 6- 2 , 3‬ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪f (x) = 3‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪: f‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪7 units‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪6 units‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪5 units‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪1 unit‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪ 60 , 2‬ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = x - 3‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪: f‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪2 units‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪2 2 units‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪3 2 units‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2 units‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫)‪A (2 , 3‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫‪-x + 3‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(x , y‬‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪ y‬ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪2 + 3x - 4‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪ln 3 - x + 3‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪2 + 3x + 4‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪3 - ln 3 - x‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪A (4 , - 2‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫‪2x - 3 x‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ )‪ (x , y‬ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪x2 + 2 x3 - 2‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪x2 - 2 x3‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪x2 - 2 x3 - 2‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2 -2 x +2‬‬
‫‪ f ''(x) = 12x - 6 :‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺟﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺣﺮﺟﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫)‪A (0 , 2‬‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫)‪B (- 2 , 0‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪B (0 , - 2‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫)‪B (1 , - 1‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫)‪B (1 , 1‬‬
‫‪33‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪6-4‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫‪Differential Equation‬‬

‫‪y'' - y' + 2x = 2x‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪y = 3e x‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪y + y'' = 2e x‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪y = ex‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(3-19‬ﺣ ّﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪x=1‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪y=4‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫‪y' = x 2 + x + 2‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫‪xy' = 1 - x 2‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫‪x=1‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪y=1‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫‪xy' = 4y‬‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫‪y' = 3y‬‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬
‫‪y' = 5y‬‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬
‫‪x=2‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪y=4‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫‪2y' - 5y = 0‬‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫‪x=0‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪y= 2‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫‪2 y' + y = 0‬‬ ‫)‪(9‬‬
‫‪y' = y + 1‬‬ ‫)‪(10‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪x= 4‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪y= 4‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2 y' + 4y = 1‬‬ ‫)‪(11‬‬
‫‪x=0‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪y=2‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫‪2y' + y = 4‬‬ ‫)‪(12‬‬
‫‪y'' = - 4 sin 4x‬‬ ‫)‪(13‬‬
‫‪y'' = 6x - 8‬‬ ‫)‪(14‬‬
‫‪2y'' + y' - 15y = 0‬‬ ‫)‪(15‬‬
‫‪y'' - 6y' + 9y = 0‬‬ ‫)‪(16‬‬
‫‪y'' + 9y = 0‬‬ ‫)‪(17‬‬
‫‪y'' - 2y' + y = 0‬‬ ‫)‪(18‬‬
‫‪2y'' + 4y' = - 3y‬‬ ‫)‪(19‬‬
‫ﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ‪y' + 2y = 0 :‬‬ ‫)‪(a) (20‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ ‪ y = 2‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪x = 0‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪34‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬‬ ‫‪x 2 y''' + ^ y'h2 + y = 0‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ^ y'h2 + 2xy = 0 :‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪ y' + 2y = 0‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪y = 4 e + 4‬‬
‫‪1 - 2x 1‬‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪x=0‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y= 2‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪ y' + y = 2‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪y = 2 e‬‬
‫‪-x‬‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪x=0‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪y= 1‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y = ^c1 cos x + c2 sin xh e‬‬
‫‪-x‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ y'' + 2y' + 2y = 0‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y = c1 cos x + c2 sin x‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ y'' + y = 0‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y = c1 e x + c2 e - x‬‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ y'' - y = 0‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪^2y'' + x h2‬‬
‫‪xy‬‬ ‫‪=3‬‬
‫‪ b‬ﺍﻟﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ a‬ﺍﻟﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ d‬ﺍﻟﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ c‬ﺍﻟﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫‪dy‬‬
‫‪x=1‬‬ ‫‪y =-2‬‬ ‫‪dx = 2x‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪y = x2 + 3‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y = x2 - 3‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪y = 2 -3‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪y = 2 +3‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ y'' = 2x 2 + 3x‬ﻓﺈﻥّ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪2x 3 3x 2‬‬
‫‪y = 3 + 2 +c‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪2x 3 3x 2‬‬
‫‪y= 3 + 2‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪y = 6 x 4 + 2 x 3 + c1 x + c2‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y = 6 x 4 + 2 x 3 + c1 x‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪x=5‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪y=3‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫‪2y' + y = 1‬‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪y = 2e 2‬‬ ‫=‪y‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪e2‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪c-‬‬
‫‪1 x+ 5 m‬‬ ‫‪c-‬‬
‫‪1 x- 5 m‬‬
‫‪y = 2e‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2 +‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪y = 2e‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2 +‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪ (12‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ y'' - 3y' + 2y = 0‬ﻓﺈﻥّ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪y = c1 e + c2 e‬‬
‫‪-2x‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y = c1 e - x + c2 e 2x‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪-x‬‬
‫‪y = c1 e + c2 e‬‬
‫‪-2x‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪y = c1 e + c2 e‬‬
‫‪2x‬‬
‫‪35‬‬
:ّ‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬y'' + 2y' + y = 0 ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬13)
a y = ^c1 x + c2h e
-x
b y = ^c1 x + c2h e
x
c y = ^c1 x + c2h e
2x
d y = ^c1 x + c2h e
-2x
:ّ‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬y'' - 4y' + 13y = 0 ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬14)

a y = e x (c1 cos 3x + c2 sin 3x) b y = e -2x (c1 cos 2x + c2 sin 2x)
c y = e -x (c1 cos 3x + c2 sin 3x) d y = e 2x (c1 cos 3x + c2 sin 3x)
36
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔ‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ ، f (x) = x 2 - 4x + 3 : f‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.60 , 1‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ ، f (x) = x 2 - 6x + 5 : f‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.61 , 5‬‬
‫‪ ، f (x) = x 3 - 4x‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.6- 2 , 2‬‬ ‫‪:f‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫‪g (x) = x : g‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f (x) = x 2 + 1 : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫@‪.61 , 2‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪. g (x) = x + 1 : g‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = x 3 + 1 : f‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.6- 2 , 2‬‬ ‫‪y=2‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪f (x) = 2 x 2 : f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.6- 1 , 2‬‬ ‫‪g (x) = - x + 3 : g‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f (x) = x + 2 : f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.6- 2 , 1‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f (x) = - x 2 + 4 : f‬ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪g (x) = x + 2 : g‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f (x) = 2 + 31 x 2 : f‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.60 ,12‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f (x) = 2 - 3 x : f‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.6- 3 ,1‬‬
‫)‪ (11‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f (x) = 31 ^- 1 + 2xh2 : f‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ @‪.62 , 8‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )‪. A (- 1 , - 5‬‬ ‫)‪(12‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ )‪ (x , y‬ﻫﻮ‪ 3x 2 - 2x + 1 :‬ﻭﻳﻤﺮ‬
‫)‪ (13‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ )‪ (x , y‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻫﻮ‪ 3x - 2 :‬ﻭﻳﻤﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )‪. (1 , - 1‬‬
‫‪A ^- 1 , 3h‬‬ ‫)‪ (14‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ‪ ، f '' (x) = 12x 2 - 4 :‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺻﻐﺮﻯ ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(15-20‬ﺣ ّﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(15‬‬ ‫‪3y' + 5y = 2‬‬
‫)‪(16‬‬ ‫‪3xy' = 5y‬‬
‫‪(17) y'' - 7y' + 12y = 0‬‬
‫‪(18) y'' - 6y' + 9y = 0‬‬
‫‪(19) y'' + 4y' + 20y = 0‬‬
‫‪(20) y'' + 16y = 0‬‬
‫‪37‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-3‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻈﻠّﻠﺔ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻴًّﺎ )ﺟﺒﺮﻳًّﺎ(‪:‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫)‪(- 2 , 8‬‬ ‫)‪(2 , 8‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y = 2x 2‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪x 4 - 2x 2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪cos x‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫‪y‬‬‫=‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-2 -1 1 2‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫=‪y‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1 x‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪=-‬‬ ‫‪2x‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‪. y = x 4 :‬‬ ‫‪y = 2x 2 + 8‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‪. y = - x 2 + 4x :‬‬ ‫‪y = 2x - 15‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪x=2‬‬ ‫= )‪ ، f (x‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪g (x) = x‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫‪x2‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻈﻠّﻠﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(7-8‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺣﺠﻢ‬
‫‪(7) y‬‬ ‫‪(8) y‬‬ ‫‪y = sin x cos x‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪x + 2y‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪Aa 3 , 3 k‬‬
‫‪π 4‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫‪sin 3x‬‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ‪ x‬ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫@‪60 , 27‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪f (x) = 2 x 3‬‬ ‫)‪ (10‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪: f‬‬
‫‪38‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(11-13‬ﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬ ‫‪2y' + 3y = 4‬‬
‫‪(12) y'' + y = 0‬‬
‫‪(13) y'' - y = 0‬‬
‫)‪ (14‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﻧﻮﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﻴّﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻌﺔ )‪ y (t‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ‪) t‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻋﺎﺕ( ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺟﻴﺠﺮ‬
‫)‪ (Geiger‬ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ‪ ، (E) : y' = a (y - 2) :‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ a‬ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ )‪.(E‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺣﻞ )‪ (E‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ ‪. y (0) = 170‬‬
‫ﻓﻤﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ ‪a‬؟‬ ‫‪y (6) = 9‬‬ ‫)‪ (c‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺣﺮﺟﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f '' (x) = 6x - 6 : f‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪. f‬‬ ‫‪A ^3 , - 2h‬‬ ‫)‪ (15‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪39‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪7-1‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﻭﻃﻴﺔ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ‬
‫‪Conic Sections - Parabola‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-3‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪^0 , - 2h‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪^- 3 , 0h‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺓ‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻪ )‪ F (0 , 2‬ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫‪y =-2‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(4-7‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﻂ ﺗﻤﺎﺛﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ‪ .‬ﺍﺭﺳﻢ ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻄًﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ‪.‬‬
‫‪(4) x 2 = - y‬‬ ‫‪(5) y 2 = 2x‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬ ‫‪y = 4x 2‬‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬ ‫‪x = - 8y 2‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )‪ A (- 1 , 2‬ﻭﺧﻂ ﺗﻤﺎﺛﻠﻪ ‪. x - axis‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ )‪. A (- 3 , 4) , B (3 , 4‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻪ ‪. y = 4‬‬
‫)‪ (11‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻪ ‪. x = - 5‬‬
‫)‪ (12‬ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮﻭﻓﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻓﺌﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﻓﻮﻧًﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﻓ ًﺌﺎ ﻻﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁ ﻛﻞ ﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ ﻻﻋﺒﻲ ﻛﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﻳﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻷﺣﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮﻭﻓﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ‬
‫‪ 10y = x 2‬ﻓﺤﺪّﺩ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺓ )ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒِ ﻞ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ( ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ‪.‬‬
‫‪100m‬‬ ‫)‪ (13‬ﻳﺼﻞ ﺳﻠﻚ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﻣﺘﺪ ٍﻝ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﺃﺳﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺟﺴﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺒﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 100 m‬ﻭﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬
‫‪20m‬‬
‫ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫‪5m‬‬ ‫‪8m‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪ . 20 m‬ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪، 5 m‬‬

‫ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﻌﺪ ‪ 8 m‬ﻋﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-7‬ﻇﻠّﻞ ‪ a‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪ b‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪x 2 = 8y‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ‪ ^0 , 0h‬ﻭﺑﺆﺭﺗﻪ ‪ ^0 , 2h‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪x 2 = 8y‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪x =-2‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ‪ ^0 , 0h‬ﻭﺩﻟﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪y = - 16x‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪x=4‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻪ ‪ ^- 4 , 0h‬ﻭﺩﻟﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ y 2 = 1 x (4‬ﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ‪ ،‬ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻪ ‪a 0 , - 3 k‬‬
‫‪40‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y2 = - 6 x‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(5-7‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﺑﺆﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻫﻲ‪a - 1 , 0 k :‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪24‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y = 24‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﺧﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺛﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻗﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﻓ ًﺌﺎ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ‪ ^0 , 0h‬ﻭﺑﺆﺭﺗﻪ ‪ ^- 5 , 0h‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪x 2 = 20y‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y 2 = 20x‬‬ ‫‪c x 2 = - 20y‬‬ ‫‪d y 2 = - 20x‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪y2 = 2 x‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y2 = 2 x‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪x2 = 2 y‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪x2 = 2 y‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (10‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫‪x 2 = 4py‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪^1 , 1h‬‬ ‫‪b ^1 , 0h‬‬ ‫‪c ^0 ,1h‬‬ ‫‪d ^0 , 0h‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪A ^- 5 , - 2h , B ^- 5 , 2h‬‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻗﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﻓ ًﺌﺎ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ‪ ^0 , 0h‬ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪y2 = - 5 x‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪x2 = - 5 y‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪y2 = 5 x‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪x2 = 5 y‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪y - axis‬‬ ‫ﻭﺧﻂ ﺗﻤﺎﺛﻠﻪ‬ ‫‪C ^- 5 , - 6h‬‬ ‫)‪ (12‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻗﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﻓ ًﺌﺎ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ‪ ^0 , 0h‬ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬
‫‪y2 = - 6 x‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬
‫‪x2 = - 6 y‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪y 2 = - 25 x‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪x 2 = - 25 y‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫)‪ (13‬ﺑﺆﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫)‪(1 , 3‬‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a0 , - 4 k‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪b a 20‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫‪, 0k‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪a0 , 1 k‬‬

‫‪12‬‬
‫‪d a 12‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪, 0k‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5 x‬‬

‫)‪ (14‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪y= 3‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪y = 20‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬ ‫)‪(4 , -3‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y = - 12‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪y =- 3‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫)‪ (15‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫)‪(5 , 3‬‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪x2 = - 3 y‬‬ ‫‪y2 = 5 x‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬
‫‪x2 = 3 y‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪y2 = 9 x‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪41‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(16-18‬ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺘﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (2‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (1‬ﻟﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺑﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪(2‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪(1‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪x 2 = 3y‬‬ ‫)‪(16‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪= 4‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-4 -3 -2 -1 0‬‬ ‫‪1 2 3 4 x‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪x 2 = - 4y‬‬ ‫)‪(17‬‬

‫‪y=1‬‬
‫‪-3 -2 -1‬‬ ‫‪1 2 3‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪y 2 = 5x‬‬ ‫)‪(18‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪F`0 , 4 j‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪-3 -2 -1‬‬ ‫‪1 2 3‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪F` 4 , 0j‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪-3 -2 -1 0‬‬ ‫‪1 2 3‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪42‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪7-2‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ‬
‫‪Ellipse‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-4‬ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ‪ -‬ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ ‪-‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻲ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ‪ -‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﺭﺳﻢ ً‬
‫ﺷﻜﻼ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻴًّﺎ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 + y = 1‬‬ ‫‪x2 + y = 1‬‬
‫‪82 62‬‬ ‫‪42 62‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫‪3x 2 + 5y 2 - 225 = 0‬‬ ‫‪(4) 4x 2 + y 2 - 28 = 0‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(5-12‬ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻓﻴﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪. B1‬‬ ‫‪^0 , - 3h‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪B 2 ^0 , 3h‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫‪F1 ^- 2 , 0h‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪F2 ^2 , 0h‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺃ ّﻥ ‪، F1 ^3 , 0h‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ‪ً ،‬‬ ‫‪ F2‬ﻭ ‪F1‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ‪،‬‬ ‫‪V1‬‬ ‫)‪ ، V1 F1 + V1 F2 = 10 (6‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺇ ّﻥ‬
‫‪. F2 ^- 3 , 0h‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ‪.4‬‬ ‫‪A 1 ^0 , - 5h‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪A 2 ^0 , 5h‬‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻫﻤﺎ‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ‪.10‬‬ ‫‪B 1 ^0 , - 4h‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪B 2 ^0 , 4h‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪. C ^2 , 3h‬‬ ‫‪F ^5 , 0h‬‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪A1 ^ - 6 , 0 h‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪A2 ^ 6 , 0 h‬‬ ‫)‪ (10‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺘﺎﻥ‬
‫‪. B 1 ^0 , - 4h‬‬
‫ﻭﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ‪.6‬‬ ‫‪F1 ^5 , 0h‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪F2 ^- 5 , 0h‬‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﺑﺆﺭﺗﺎﻩ‬
‫)‪ (12‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ‪ 10‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ ‪ 6‬ﻭﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪^9 , 0h ،^- 9 , 0h‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺭﺃﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y = 1‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪92 52‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ ^ 33 , 0h‬ﻫﻲ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y = 1‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪72 42‬‬
‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ ‪ 25x 2 + 9y 2 = 225‬ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ‪10 units‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎ ‪^! 3 , 0h‬‬
‫‪x2 y 2 = 1‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪16 25‬‬ ‫ﺑﺆﺭﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪ ، 16 + 36‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ‪8‬‬
‫‪x2 y 2 = 1‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫‪43‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫‪4x 2 + 9y 2 = 36‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺘﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪^! 2 , 0h‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪^! 3 , 0h‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪^0 , ! 2h‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪^0 , ! 3h‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﺎﻩ ‪ ^! 7 , 0h‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺘﺎﻥ ﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ‪ ^0 , ! 6h‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪x2 y 2 = 1‬‬
‫‪85 + 36‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪x2 y 2 = 1‬‬
‫‪36 + 85‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪x2 y 2 = 1‬‬

‫‪49 + 36‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪x2 y 2 = 1‬‬
‫‪85 + 49‬‬
‫‪9 units‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ‬
‫ﻭﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ‪ 4 units‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪x2 y 2 = 1‬‬
‫‪4 + 9‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪20.25 4‬‬
‫‪y2 1‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪x2 y 2 = 1‬‬

‫‪9 + 4‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪y2‬‬
‫‪4 20.25‬‬
‫‪=1‬‬
‫‪ . 100‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ A ^- 10 , 0h‬ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪y2‬‬
‫‪AF1 + AF2‬‬ ‫‪=1‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ F1 , F2‬ﻫﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬

‫‪+‬‬
‫‪64‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪10 units‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪12 units‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪14 units‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪20 units‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (10‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ‬

‫‪x2‬‬ ‫‪y2 1‬‬
‫‪+‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪100 64‬‬
‫‪12 units‬‬ ‫‪2 41 units‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪16 units‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪20 units‬‬

‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪15x 2 + 25y 2 - 75 = 0‬‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪2 2‬‬
‫‪c 10‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪2 3‬‬
‫)‪ (12‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﺃﺣﺪ ﺭﺃﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‬
‫‪x2‬‬ ‫‪y2‬‬
‫‪20.25 4 = 1‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪a 9‬‬ ‫‪b 2‬‬

‫‪c 4.5‬‬ ‫‪d 16.25‬‬
‫‪44‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(13-15‬ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺘﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (2‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (1‬ﻟﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫‪16 + y = 1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-3 -2 -1‬‬ ‫‪1 2 3 x‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪y2‬‬
‫‪x2 + 9 = 1‬‬ ‫)‪(14‬‬
‫‪-4 -3 -2 -1‬‬ ‫‪1 2‬‬ ‫‪3 4 x‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪x2 y2 = 1‬‬
‫)‪(15‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4 + 16‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1 x‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-2 -1 1 2 x‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪45‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪7-3‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‬
‫‪Hyperbola‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(1-2‬ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ ‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ ‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻠﻴﻦ ‪ -‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﺭﺳﻢ ً‬
‫ﺷﻜﻼ ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻄﻴًّﺎ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪y2 x2‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪=1‬‬
‫‪25 16‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫‪24x 2 - 12y 2 - 192 = 0‬‬
‫ﺛﻢ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬ ‫)‪A1 (- 3 , 0) , A2 (3 , 0‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺃﺳﺎﻩ‬ ‫‪F1 ^- 5 , 0h‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺷﻜﻼ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻴ ًّﺎ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﺭﺳﻢ‬
‫‪ F1 ^0 , -‬ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺧﻄﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ )‪ (0 , 0‬ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ ‪5 h‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫‪. y = 2x‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )‪. (1 , 1‬‬ ‫‪A2 a 3 , 0 k‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﺃﺣﺪ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫)‪A (2 , 1) , B (4 , 3‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﺳﻤﻊ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻃﻠﻖ ﻧﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )‪ A (150 , 0‬ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﺑﺜﺎﻧﻴﺘﻴﻦ ﺳﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )‪. B (- 150 , 0‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍ ﻟﻠﺼﻮﺕ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻗﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﺯﺍﺋ ًﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ )‪ P (x , y‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺀ ‪50 units/s‬‬
‫ً‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪x2 - y2 = 4‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪﺍﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫‪x 2 - y 2 = 12‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﺨﻄّﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪.^0 , - 3h‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪^0 , 3h‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪y2 x2‬‬
‫‪9 18 = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺛﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‬
‫‪x2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻓﻖ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫‪25 - y = 1‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‪. B1 ^1 , 0h , B2 ^- 1 , 0h :‬‬
‫‪46‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﺎﻩ ‪ ^0 , ! 3h‬ﻭﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ‪ 4‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x - y =1‬‬ ‫‪y2 x2 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪y2 x2 1‬‬

‫‪d‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪x - y =1‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﻤﺮ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪5‬؛ ّ‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪y2 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a2 , 2‬‬ ‫‪3k‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪b a‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪3,2‬‬
‫‪k‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪a2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪5,2‬‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫‪d a‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪3,2‬‬
‫‪3k‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻌﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﻲ ﻫﻤﺎ ‪ ^! 6 , 0h‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪y 2 - x 2 = 36‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y2 x2 1‬‬

‫‪-‬‬
‫‪36 49‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 - y = 1‬‬ ‫‪x - y2 = 1‬‬
‫‪25 36‬‬ ‫‪36 4‬‬
‫ﺑﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫‪50y 2 - 25x 2 - 100 = 0‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪2 6‬‬
‫‪c 6‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪2 2‬‬

‫)‪ (9‬ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻓﻲ ‪:^0 , ! 4h‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪y 2 - x 2 = 16‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪4y 2 - 16x 2 = 64‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 - y = 1‬‬ ‫‪y2 x2 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪25 16‬‬ ‫‪16 9‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (10‬ﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 - y = 1‬‬
‫‪25 49‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪^! 7 , 0h‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪^! 5 , 0h‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪^0 , ! 5h‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﺃﻳ ًّﺎ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ‪d‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪x2 - y‬‬
‫‪8 32 2‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪y = ! 2x‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y =! 2 x‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪y = ! 4x‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪y =! 4 x‬‬
‫‪47‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(12-14‬ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺘﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (2‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (1‬ﻟﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫)‪(12‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪x2 - y = 1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪25 16‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-1 1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪3y 2 - x 2 = 2‬‬ ‫)‪(13‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-6 -4 -2 2 4 6‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪1 2 2‬‬

‫‪2x -y -2 0‬‬
‫=‬ ‫)‪(14‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪-10 -5‬‬ ‫‪5 10‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-5 -3 -1 1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪48‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪7-4‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬
‫‪Eccentricity‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-4‬ﺣ ّﺪﺩ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻤّﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪F (0 , 3‬‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‬
‫‪e= 2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬
‫‪ e = 4‬ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ ‪F ^0 , - 7 h‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫‪ e = 3‬ﻭﺃﺣﺪ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﻪ )‪A (- 4 , 0‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪ e = 4‬ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻪ ‪x = 8‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(5-6‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻤّﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪4 =1‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬ ‫‪4y 2 - 9x 2 = 36‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(7-8‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻠﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪7 - 16 = 1‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪y2 x2‬‬
‫‪16 - 4 = 1‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻫﻮ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ‪ 300 000 km‬ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ ‪ . e = 0.017‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻭﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﺑُﻌﺪ ﻟﻸﺭﺽ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻦ )‪ ،(1-7‬ﻇﻠّﻞ ‪ a‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻭ ‪ b‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ ، e 1 1‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﻫﻮ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪.‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪c = 3 13‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﻓﺈ ّﻥ‬ ‫‪b=9‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪a=6‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪y = 2x‬‬ ‫‪y= 2 x‬‬ ‫‪36 9 = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪49‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻫﻮ ‪6‬‬ ‫‪، 49 + 9 = 1‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻭﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﻫﻮ ‪.14‬‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪e=1‬‬ ‫ﻷﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻓﺈ ّﻥ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺍﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ‪15 - 10 = 1‬‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺳﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‪36 25 = 1 :‬‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫)‪(0 , 6) , (0 , - 6‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪c = 2 10‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪a=7‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬ ‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪49 9 = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪49 9 = 1‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬ ‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪3 =1‬‬ ‫‪9 49 = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ y = 25‬؟‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻗﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﺯﺍﺋ ًﺪﺍ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻴﻪ ‪7‬‬
‫)‪ّ (9‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬ ‫‪y2‬‬
‫‪25 24 = 1‬‬
‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬ ‫‪y2‬‬
‫‪24 25 = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪y2‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬

‫‪25 24 = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪y2‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬
‫‪25 24 = 1‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫=‪e‬‬
‫‪74‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ ‪y = 5 x‬‬
‫‪-7‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺃﺣﺪ‬
‫ﻓﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪y2 x2‬‬

‫‪b‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪7 - 5 =1‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪5 =1‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬ ‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪49 25 = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪25 49 = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪36 25 = 1‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(0 , - 5‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺣﺪ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﻪ‬ ‫)‪(0 , 4‬‬ ‫)‪ (12‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪9 + 25 = 1‬‬ ‫‪4 + 5 =1‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪y2 x2‬‬

‫‪25 + 9 = 1‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪y2 x2‬‬
‫‪5 + 3 =1‬‬
‫ﻷﻱ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ّ (13‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a2c‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪a1c‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪a = ec‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪a=c‬‬
‫‪50‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(14-16‬ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺘﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (2‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (1‬ﻟﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫)‪(14‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪25 16 = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-1 1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫)‪(15‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪y2 x2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪36 + 9 = 1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-7 -5 -3 -1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪7 x‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫)‪(16‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y‬‬
‫‪36 9 = 1‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-8-6-4-20 2 4 6 8 x‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪-6‬‬
‫‪-8‬‬
‫‪-10‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3 x‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪-6‬‬
‫‪51‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(1-4‬ﺣ ّﺪﺩ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣ ّﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫‪4y 2 - 9x 2 - 36 = 0‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫= ‪- 2x + 3y + 10‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫‪2x 2 + y 2 = 9‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫‪2x 2 - y 2 + 6 = 0‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(5-10‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺓ )ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ )ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻠﻴﻦ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ )ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ(‪.‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬ ‫‪x2 + y2 = 1‬‬
‫‪22 52‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬ ‫‪y 2 = 5x‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬ ‫‪x2 - y2‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪9 =1‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬ ‫‪x2 + y2 = 1‬‬

‫‪18 2 10 2‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬ ‫‪y 2 = - 3x‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫‪y2 x2‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪=1‬‬
‫‪16 9‬‬
‫‪^0 , 0h‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪x2 + y2 = 1‬‬
‫ﻓﺴﺮ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫‪a=b=r‬‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮﻫﺎ ‪.r‬‬
‫‪a2 b2‬‬
‫)‪ (12‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﻤﺬﺝ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪a = 107124 km , c = 213125.9 km‬‬
‫‪F1 ^155 , 0h , F2 ^- 155 , 0h‬‬ ‫)‪ (13‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ‪ M‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‬
‫‪MF1 - MF2 = 80‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫‪e= 2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪ (a) (14‬ﺣﺪّﺩ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬
‫‪x=4‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺃ ّﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻲ‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ‪ ^0 , 0h‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ‪ً a , b‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪e= 4‬‬ ‫)‪ (15‬ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ‪ ^0 , 0h‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬
‫)‪F (0 , - 5‬‬
‫‪52‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(16-19‬ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ‬
‫)‪(16‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫)‪(17‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪-3 -2 -1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3 x‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫)‪(2 , -1‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫)‪(2 , 4‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪-6‬‬
‫)‪(18‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫)‪(19‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-4 -3 -2 -1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4 x‬‬
‫‪-8 -6 -4 -2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪8 x‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪-6‬‬
‫‪-8‬‬
‫)‪ (20‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﻃﻮﻟﻪ ‪ 12‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ ‪.20‬‬
‫‪53‬‬
‫‪ ، 49‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺭﺳﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪x -‬‬‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪y2 1‬‬
‫=‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺘﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺛﻴﺎﺗﻬﻤﺎ ‪ ^10 , 0h ،^- 10 , 0h‬ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﻫﻲ ‪ .^0 , 7h‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺛﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪mx 2 + ^2m + 1h y 2 + ^m - 1h x = 0‬‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺣﺪّﺩ ‪ m‬ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻋﺪّﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﺻﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪^ m - 1 h x 2 - ^ 2m + 1 h y 2 + 2m + 3 = 0‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ‪ ، m = 2‬ﻓﺤﺪّﺩ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﺜّﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﺻﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪,‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﺎﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 y = 1‬‬ ‫‪x2 + y = 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺣﺪّﺩ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﺜﻠﻪ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪4 25‬‬ ‫‪25 4‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻤﺜﻼﻫﻤﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (b‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴّﺎﺕ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴّﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (c‬ﻋﻠّﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ )‪(b‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪e= 5‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫‪^0 , 0h‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬
‫‪. y = 25‬‬
‫ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻴﻪ ‪7‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪e= 7‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫‪^0 , 0h‬‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬
‫)‪. F (- 5 , 0‬‬
‫‪ F1 ^-‬؛ ﻭﺃﺣﺪ ﺧﻄّﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫‪34 , 0h , F2 ^ 34 , 0h‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‬
‫)‪. A (3 , 5‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻭﻣﻴﻞ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 2‬ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﺆﺭﺗﻴﻪ‬
‫) ‪. F (0 , - 5‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(10-14‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺓ )ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺗﻴﻦ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ )ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻠﻴﻦ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ )ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ(‪.‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬ ‫‪x2 + y2 = 1‬‬
‫‪9 25‬‬ ‫)‪(11‬‬ ‫‪8y 2 - 25x 2 = 200‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬ ‫‪x 2 = - 2y‬‬ ‫)‪(13‬‬ ‫‪y2 = - x‬‬
‫)‪(14‬‬ ‫‪5x 2 - 9y 2 = 45‬‬
‫‪54‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪8-1‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻌﺔ‬

‫‪Discrete Random Variables‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺇﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻧﻘﻮﺩ ﻣﺮﺗﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺘﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴّﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﻓﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪ (S‬ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮﻩ )‪.n(S‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬
‫‪f ^ xi h = P ^ X = xi h‬‬ ‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪: x‬‬
‫)‪ (d‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺇﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻧﻘﻮﺩ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺣﺪﺩ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺃﻡ ﻻ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ Y‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺭﺑﻊ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ Z‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻀﺎﻓًﺎ ﻟﻪ ‪.1‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.3‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪0.3‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪.K‬‬

‫‪. f (4) = 0.2 ،‬‬ ‫‪f (3) = 0.4‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪f (1) = 0.1‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ ﻣﺘﻘﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﻣﺪﺍﻩ ﻫﻮ‪ " 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , :‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ )‪ ، f (2‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻳﺤﻮﻱ ‪ 10‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ 6‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺣﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﻭ‪ 4‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﺳﺤﺒﺖ ‪ 5‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ ﻣ ًﻌﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪. n (S‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬
‫)‪ (d‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪0.3‬‬ ‫‪0.4‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬ ‫‪μ‬‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬

‫)‪ (7‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﺒﻴّﻦ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪.X‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ )‪. (μ‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ‪. σ 2‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ )‪. (σ‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﺒﻴّﻦ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪.X‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.25‬‬ ‫‪0.3‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ F‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬

‫)‪F (0) , F (1) , F (2) , F (3) , F (3.5) , F (4) , F (5‬‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﺒﻴّﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ‪ F‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪.X‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫)‪F (x‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.45‬‬ ‫‪0.7‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^- 1 1 X G 5h‬‬
‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^3 1 X G 7h‬‬
‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X 2 3h‬‬
‫‪n = 8 , P = 0.3‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ ﺫﻭ ﺣﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻣﻌﻠﻤﺘﻴﻪ ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (10‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X = 0h‬‬
‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^2 1 X # 5h‬‬
‫‪56‬‬
‫‪n = 10 , P = 0.5‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ ﺫﻭ ﺣﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻣﻌﻠﻤﺘﻴﻪ ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X = 0h‬‬
‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^2 1 X # 4h‬‬
‫)‪ (12‬ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﺼﻨﻊ ‪ 100‬ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻳﻮﻣﻴ ًّﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺒﺔ ‪ ،0.03‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗّﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻫﻮ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (13‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻧﻘﻮﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ‪ّ 12‬‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻴﺲ ﺗﺸﺘﺖ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ‪ F‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ a‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ‪ X‬ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ‪.a‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ‪.X‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪0.4‬‬ ‫‪0.4‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ‪ 1‬ﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪f‬‬ ‫‪μ‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪ K‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪K‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ‪ F‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪P ^a 1 X # bh = F (b) - F (a‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ‪ F‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪P ^ X 1 ah = 1 - F (a‬‬
‫‪57‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ‪ 300‬ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ‪ 0.6‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺤﻴﻦ ﻫﻮ ‪ 150‬ﻃﺎﻟﺒًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻧﻘﻮﺩ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪. n (S) = 6‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(10-21‬ﻇﻠّﻞ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪ K‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪a 0.2‬‬ ‫‪b 0‬‬ ‫‪c 0.4‬‬ ‫‪d 0.3‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪2K‬‬ ‫‪2K‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪ K‬ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬

‫‪a 0.5‬‬ ‫‪b 0.2‬‬ ‫‪c 1‬‬ ‫‪d 0.4‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(12-14‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪0.4‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.3‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪:X‬‬

‫)‪(12‬‬ ‫‪F ^- 1h‬‬
‫‪a 0‬‬ ‫‪b 0.2‬‬ ‫‪c 0.4‬‬ ‫‪d 0.6‬‬

‫)‪(13‬‬ ‫‪F ^1.5h‬‬
‫‪a 0.4‬‬ ‫‪b 0.2‬‬ ‫‪c 0‬‬ ‫‪d 0.6‬‬

‫)‪(14‬‬ ‫‪F ^4h‬‬
‫‪a 0.2‬‬ ‫‪b 0.1‬‬ ‫‪c 0.4‬‬ ‫‪d 1‬‬
‫‪58‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ ﻣﺘﻘﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (15‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.25‬‬ ‫‪0.50‬‬ ‫‪0.25‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻪ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪a 1‬‬ ‫‪b 1.25‬‬ ‫‪c 1.5‬‬ ‫‪d 0.5‬‬
‫‪، / x 2 f (x) = 4.25 ،‬‬ ‫= ‪0.5‬‬‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ ﻣﺘﻘﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (16‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪a 4‬‬ ‫‪b 2‬‬ ‫‪c 3.75‬‬ ‫‪d 1‬‬
‫)‪ (17‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ‪ F‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻣﻌﻄﺎﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪F (x‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.3‬‬ ‫‪0.7‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫)‪f (2‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫‪a 0.7‬‬ ‫‪b 0.3‬‬ ‫‪c 0.4‬‬ ‫‪d 1‬‬
‫)‪ (18‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪ X‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫‪μ‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬

‫‪a 1‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫‪d 0‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪» X‬ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ« ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫‪σ2‬‬ ‫)‪ (19‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻧﻘﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫‪a 2‬‬ ‫‪b 1‬‬ ‫‪c 21‬‬ ‫‪d 4‬‬
‫‪P ^ X = 1h = 0.3‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X = - 1h = 0.6‬‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪, 1 , 1.5‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ ﻣﺘﻘﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (20‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪: P^ X 2 0h‬‬
‫‪a 0.6‬‬ ‫‪b 0.9‬‬ ‫‪c 0.4‬‬ ‫‪d 0.7‬‬
‫)‪ (21‬ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﺼﻨﻊ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ‪ 200‬ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺒﺔ ‪ 0.02‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪a 2‬‬ ‫‪b 4‬‬ ‫‪c 20‬‬ ‫‪d 40‬‬
‫‪59‬‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫‪8-2‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ )ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ(‬

‫‪Continuous Random Variables‬‬

‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻼ ﻭﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ X‬ﻣﺘﻐﻴ ّ ًﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ‬
‫‪1 : 0#x#5‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 5‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪0 :‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^0 # X # 5h‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫)‪P (X = 3‬‬
‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X # 2h‬‬ ‫)‪(d‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X 2 2h‬‬
‫ً‬
‫‪1 : 2#x#4‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 2‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^2 # X # 4h‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X $ 2.5h‬‬
‫ً‬
‫‪2x : 0#x#3‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 9‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^0 # X # 3h‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X 1 1h‬‬ ‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X $ 1h‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪: f‬‬
‫‪1 : -1 # x # 5‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 6‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻢ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ‪. P ^0 1 X # 3h‬‬
‫)‪ (d‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗّﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪. f‬‬
‫‪60‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻢ ﻭﻫﻲ ّ‬
‫‪1 :‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 7‬‬
‫‪0#x#7‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (b‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ‪.` 0 # X # 87 j‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗّﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪. f‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ z‬ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^ z # 2.16h‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^ z $ 2.51h‬‬ ‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^1.5 # z # 2.4h‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ z‬ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^ z # - 0.64h‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪^- 1.7 # z # 2.85h‬‬ ‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^- 1.23 # z # 0.68h‬‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺃﺣﺮﻑ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪1 : 0#x#1‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 2‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻼ ﻭﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪X‬‬
‫‪0#x# 1‬‬
‫* = )‪f (x‬‬
‫‪2 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X $ 2h = 1‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬

‫)‪ (5‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻢ ّ‬
‫‪1 : 0#x#3‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 3‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻮ ‪. σ 2 = 4‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺛﻞ ﺣﻮﻝ ‪. x = μ‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪61‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(8-17‬ﻇﻠّﻞ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ً‬
‫‪1x : 0#x#2‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 2‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪: P^ X = 1h‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪b 0‬‬ ‫‪c 1‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﺃﻳ ًّﺎ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ‪d‬‬
‫ً‬
‫‪1 x : -2 # x # 3‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 5‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪: P^ X # - 2.5h‬‬
‫‪a 0‬‬ ‫‪b 1‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ )‪ ،(10-16‬ﺃﺟﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺒّﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪01x1 4‬‬
‫‪01x1 3‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 4‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = * 4‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪:‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪01x1 4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 3‬‬ ‫‪f (x) = * 4‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪01x14‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫)‪ (11‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ b‬ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪ a‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫‪ d‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻢ‬ ‫‪ c‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫)‪ (12‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗّﻊ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫)‪ (13‬ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪27‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫‪108‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪108‬‬
‫‪16‬‬
‫‪62‬‬
‫)‪(14‬‬ ‫= ‪Pc X 1 4 m‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪a 31‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪(15‬‬ ‫= ‪Pc X 2 4 m‬‬

‫‪12‬‬
‫‪a 26‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪d 1‬‬
‫)‪(16‬‬ ‫= ‪P^ 0 1 X 1 1h‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪c 1‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫‪P^ 0 # z # 2.35h‬‬ ‫)‪ (17‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ z‬ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪a 0.9906‬‬ ‫‪b 0.5‬‬ ‫‪c 0.4906‬‬ ‫‪d 0.218‬‬
‫‪63‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ‬
‫‪f (4) = 0.1 ، f (3) = 0.2 ، f (2) = 0.3‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ ﻣﺘﻘﻄ ًﻌﺎ ﻣﺪﺍﻩ ﻫﻮ ‪ " 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ,‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ )‪ ، f (5‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 8‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ 5 :‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺣﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﻭ‪ 3‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﺳﺤﺒﺖ ‪ 4‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ‬
‫ﻣ ًﻌﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪. n (S‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪.X‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫)‪ (d‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﻳﺒﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪.X‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ ‪.^μh‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ‪.^σ 2h‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ‪.^σh‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪.X‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﻳﺒﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.14‬‬ ‫‪0.16‬‬ ‫‪0.35‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬
‫)‪F (1) , F (2) , F (3) , F (3.5) , F (4) , F (5) , F (6) , F (7‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ‪:F‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﺼﻨﻊ ﺃﺟﺒﺎﻥ ‪ 1 250‬ﻋﻠﺒﺔ ﻳﻮﻣﻴ ًّﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪﺓ ‪ ،0.04‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ‪:‬‬
‫‪^μh‬‬ ‫)‪ (a‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ )‪. (σ‬‬
‫‪64‬‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻼ ﻭﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫‪1 : -2 # x # 3‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 5‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^0 # X # 3h‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^- 2 # X # 0h‬‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬

‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X = 2h‬‬ ‫)‪(d‬‬ ‫‪P ^- 1 # X # 2h‬‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻼ‪ .‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًّﺎ‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫‪9x : 0#x# 2‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 2‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪Pa 0 # X # 3 k‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪Pa X $ 3 k‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻢ ﻭﻫﻲ ّ‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪f (x) = * 8‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪#x#5‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬

‫)‪P ^- 1 # X # 3h (b‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪. f‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ z‬ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ ،X‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^ z # 2.24h‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^ z $ 1.52h‬‬ ‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^1.4 # z # 2.6h‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﻳﻤﺜّﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ‪ X‬ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﺳﻄﻪ ‪ μ = 40‬ﻭﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ‪ σ = 8‬ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^30 1 X 1 65h‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X $ 45h‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.16‬‬ ‫‪0.24‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻭﺟﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪K‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^ z # 1.45h‬‬ ‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^ z 2 0.27h‬‬
‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^- 1.32 # z # 1.75h‬‬ ‫)‪(d‬‬ ‫‪P ^- 2.87 # z # - 1.42h‬‬
‫‪65‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺒﺎﻳﻨﻪ ‪ ، σ 2 = 25‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪μ = 55‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺗﻮﺯﻳ ًﻌﺎ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴ ًّﺎ ﺗﻮﻗﻌﻪ‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X 2 55h‬‬
‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^ X 1 50h‬‬
‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^30 1 X 1 40h‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ X‬ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ‪.K‬‬

‫)‪ (b‬ﺍﺭﺳﻢ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪. f‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ‪.F‬‬
‫)‪ (d‬ﺍﺭﺳﻢ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ‪.F‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﻣﺪﻓﻊ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﺪﺍﻩ ﺗﻮﺯﻳ ًﻌﺎ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴ ًّﺎ ﺗﻮﻗﻌﻪ ‪ 14 km‬ﻭﺗﺒﺎﻳﻨﻪ ‪.1 km‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ‪15 km‬؟‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪11 km‬؟‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪13 km, 15 km‬؟‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻼ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴًﺎ‬
‫ً‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪X‬‬
‫' = )‪f (x‬‬

‫‪2x : 0 # x # 2‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪Pa 2 # X # 2 k‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪Pa X $ 2 k‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﺣﺠﺮ ﻧﺮﺩ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻢ ‪ 7‬ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ‪:‬‬

‫)‪ (a‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪ 2‬ﺧﻤﺲ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (b‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪ 2‬ﻣﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪ 2‬ﻣﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪66‬‬
‫)‪(a‬‬ ‫‪P ^ z # 2.65h‬‬
‫)‪(b‬‬ ‫‪P ^- 2.85 # z # - 1.96h‬‬
‫)‪(c‬‬ ‫‪P ^ z $ 1.56h‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﻳﺒﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪. X‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫)‪ (a‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ ‪.^μh‬‬
‫)‪ (c‬ﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ‪.^σh‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﻳﺒﻴّﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ f‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪. X‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪0.17‬‬ ‫‪0.24‬‬ ‫‪0.23‬‬ ‫‪0.36‬‬
‫)‪F (2) , F (3) , F (4) , F (4.5) , F (5) , F (6) , F (6.5‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻤﻲ ‪:F‬‬
‫‪67‬‬

كراسة التمارين ١٢ ع فصل ثاني طبعة ثانية

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كراسة التمارين ١٢ ع فصل ثاني طبعة ثانية

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‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺹ ﺗﻌﻠﱡﻢ‬

‫‪»ª∏Y öûY‬‬ ‫‪q‬‬

‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪»°SGQódG π°üØdG‬‬

‫‪»ª∏Y öûY‬‬ ‫‪q‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﺍﻹﺷﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺀﻣﺔ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻡ‬٢٠١٤ ‫ ﻭﺑﻴﺮﺳﻮﻥ ﺇﺩﻳﻮﻛﻴﺸﻦ‬.‫ﻡ‬.‫ﻡ‬.‫ ﺵ‬House of Education ‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﱠﺮﺑﹶﻮ ﹼﻳﻮﻥ‬

,<T,& SH$U ,%*B / W$X

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﻭﻃﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ A‬ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪f (x) = x 2 - 2x + 1‬‬ ‫= )‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪2x 3‬‬

‫)‪(10‬‬ ‫‪# xx-+11 dx‬‬ ‫‪(11) #‬‬ ‫‪x- x‬‬

‫)‪(12‬‬ ‫‪(13) # ` x + 1x j‬‬

‫‪(14) # ^3‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 4 x 3 h dx‬‬

‫‪a 3t 3 + C‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪5 3 ^ 43‬‬ ‫‪h‬‬

‫ﻓﺈ ّﻥ ‪ y‬ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫‪dy‬‬

‫‪(9) #‬‬ ‫‪2x + 3‬‬

‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪4 x 23 + 6x 21 + C‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪4 23 1 21‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ A‬ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪(5) # ^ x 2 - 2xh^ x 3 - 3x 2 + 4h5 dx‬‬ ‫‪(6) #‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ B‬ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬

‫‪(2) # ^ x + 1h3‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 2x + 3 dx = 3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪1 ^ 2‬‬ ‫‪h‬‬

‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪1 ^ 2‬‬ ‫‪h6‬‬

‫ ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬A ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

(11) # tan x sec 2 x dx (12) # 1 + sin x cos x dx

‫ ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬B ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

c F (x) = 8x - csc x + C d F (x) = 8x + cot x + C

(10) # sec 5 x tan x dx =

‫ ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬A ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

(1) y = 7x (2) y=5 x+1

(4) (5) (6)

(7) (8) (9)

(10) (11) y = ln] x 3g (12) y = ln c

(13) (14) (15)

:‫ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬،(16-27) ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬

(20) # b e 0.5x + 0x.5 ldx (21) # ex

‫ ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬B ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

:‫ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬dx ‫ ﻓﺈ ّﻥ‬، y = x 2 e x - x e x ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬8)

:‫ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ ‫ ﻓﺈ ّﻥ‬، y = ^ln xh2 ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬9)

:‫ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬dx ّ‫ ﻓﺈﻥ‬، y = ln ^ x 2 + 1h ‫( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬11)

(3) # x e x - 3 dx (4) # ^ x - 5he x - 5 dx

(7) # (2x + 1) ln (x + 1) dx (8) # ln (x)

(11) (12) # ^ x 2 + 3xh sin x dx

(15) # ^ln (x)h2 dx (16) # e 2x sin x dx

(17) # sin ^ln xh dx

‫ ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬B ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

c -^ x + 1h cos x - 2 sin x + C d ^ 2x + 1h cos x - sin x + C

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ A‬ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫= )‪f (x‬‬

‫‪(7) #‬‬ ‫‪3x 2 - 4x + 3 dx‬‬ ‫‪(8) #‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x + 2 dx‬‬

‫)‪ (b‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺋﻴّﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ))‪. hr ((xx‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ B‬ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬

‫‪(2) #‬‬ ‫‪- 6dx‬‬

c 4ln x - 5 + 3ln x + 2 + C d 4ln x - 5 - 3ln x + 2 + C

c 3x + 4ln x - 2 - 2ln x + 2 + C d 3x + 4ln x - 2 + 2ln x + 2 + C

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ A‬ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

,<T,& SH$U ,%*B / W$X