Power Transmission

Transmission
of
Motion & Power
Transmission of motion & power
 Belt & rope drive
 Chain drive
 Gear drive
 (A) Individual drive

 (B) Group drive
• Bearings
Bearing is a mechanical device which locates two
parts relative to each other & permits the relative
motion between them while carrying the load
1.Sliding contact
2.Rolling contact
Classification
Sliding contact bearing
Thrust bearing
ROLLING CONTACT BEARING
• Relative motion
between the contacting
surfaces is of rolling
type.
• It consists of 4 parts:
1. Outer Race:
Stationary, supported
in a frame
2. Inner Race: rotating,
mounted on the shaft
3. Rolling Elements :
Permits relative motion
4. Separator: Separates
rolling elements,
spaces them around
periphery.
BALL BEARING
 Rolling Elements: Spherical balls

 Contact is point contact between ball &
inner race and ball & outer race.
 Types of Ball Bearing:
◦ Single-row deep-groove ball bearing
◦ Double-row deep-groove ball bearing
◦ Angular contact bearing
◦ Thrust ball bearing
Single-row deep-groove ball bearing Double-row deep-groove ball bearing
Thrust Ball Bearing Angular Contact Bearings
ROLLER BEARING
 Rolling Elements: Cylindrical rollers, taper rollers,
spherical rollers.
 Contact is line contact between ball & inner race
and ball & outer race.
 Higher load carrying capacity than ball bearing due
to line contact.
 Types of Roller Bearing:
◦ Cylindrical roller bearing
◦ Needle roller bearing
◦ Taper roller bearing
◦ Taper roller thrust bearing
Needle roller bearing
Taper roller bearing
Cylindrical roller bearing
Taper roller thrust bearing

Ball Bearing Roller Bearing
Rolling element  Spherical balls.  Cylindrical, taper, spherical

rollers.
Nature of contact  Point contact  Line contact
Load carrying capacity

 Low  High
Radial dimension
 More  Less
Radial dimension
 Less  More
BELT & ROPE DRIVES
 Used when distance between shafts are
medium and large.
 Power transmission depends on friction.
 Types Of Belts:
◦ V-belt: distance between pulleys are very near to each
other.
◦ Flat belt: distance between pulleys are not more than 8
meters.
◦ Circular or rope belt: distance between pulleys are
more than 8 meters.
◦ Timing belts: modification of flat belt, made form high
quality of rubber reinforced with the high tensile fabric cord,
used for relatively small distance
Types Of Belts:
Flat Belt V Belt
Distance between the shafts is Distance between the shafts is

large. small.
Require large space. Require less space.
Less frictional grip between belt & More frictional grip between belt &
pulley. pulley, due to groove.
Chances of slip is more. Chances of slip is less.
Velocity ratio is low. Velocity ratio is high.
Power transmission is less than V- Power transmission more than flat

belt. belt.
TYPES OF BELT DRIVES
OPEN BELT DRIVE
 Driven pulley & driving pulley

are rotated in same
direction.
 Tension on pulled side is

known as tight side, other is
known as slack side.
CROSSED BELT DRIVE
 Driven pulley & driving

pulley are rotated in
opposite direction.
 Driving pulley pulls the belt

from one side called tight
side, and delivers to the
other side, called slack side.
COMPOUND BELT DRIVE
 Used when distance between

two shafts is very large.
 Intermediate or compound
shaft pulley is used.
QUARTER TURN BELT DRIVE
 Also called right angle belt drive.

 Both shafts rotates in one definite direction and at right angles
to each other.
 Sometimes guide pulley is used.
BELT DRIVE WITH IDLER PULLEYS
 To overcome the reduced

tension in the belt some
arrangement is made with
the help of additional
pulley called idler pulley.
 By adjusting weight
tension in belt is
maintained.
STEPPED OR CONE PULLEY DRIVE
 Used to achieve different speeds
of driven shaft with a constant
speed of driving shaft.
 Both driving & driven pulleys has

steps of equal radius to vary the
speed.
FAST & LOOSE PULLEY DRIVE
 Used to drive many

machines by using only one
driving shaft.
 Fast pulley: Keyed to

machine shaft
 Loose pulley: Free to rotate
on machine shaft.
 To stop the machine, belt is

pushed on loose pulley with
use of shipper.
VELOCITY RATIO OF OPEN BELT DRIVE
VelocityofDrivenPulley N 2
VelocityRatio  
VelocityofDriverPulley N1
Let, N1 = Speed of driving pulley
N2 = Speed of driven pulley

d1 = Dia.of driving pulley
d2 = Dia.of driven pulley
1 = Angular velocity of driving pulley
2 = Angular velocity of driven pulley
d1 d2
  1   2
2 2
2 d1
 
1 d 2
2 N 2
60 d1
 
2 N1 d2
60
2 N 2 d1  t
N2 d1 Velocity Ratio   
  1 N1 d2  t
N1 d2
With thickness
2 N 2 d1
Velocity Ratio    Without thickness
1 N1 d 2
CHAIN DRIVE
 Elements: Driving
sprocket, Driven
sprocket, Endless
chain.
◦ Sprocket: toothed
wheels & fit into
corresponding recesses in
the link.
◦ Chain: No. of links

connected by pin joints.
HOISTING AND HAULING CHAINS
For hoisting and hauling purposes.

CONVEYOR CHAIN
For Elevating and conveying the material.

POWER TRANSMISSION CHAIN
For transmitting power from one shaft to another shaft.

Gear Drive
 Advantages:
◦ Positive drive
◦ Transmit very large power
◦ High transmission efficiency
◦ Less space
◦ Reliable
 Disadvantages:
◦ Manufacturing cost high
◦ Maintenance cost high
◦ Noise and vibrations due to error in
cutting teeth
◦ Precise alignment of shaft is required.
•Teeth of gear wheels are not parallel
•Teeth of gear wheels are parallel to shaft axis, the gear is called
to axis of wheel, the gear is called Helical gear
spur gear •Use for transmitting power between
•Used in machine tool and two parallel, non parallel, non
automobile gear boxes intersecting shaft
•Use for power transmitting
between two shaft, when the axis
of the two shafts are inclined and
intersect each other.
•Widely use in automobiles
Use to convert rotary motion

into linear motion.
•Use for power transmission
between non parallel, non
intersecting shaft.
•Less power transmission
•Use for power transmission

between two shaft having their
axis at right angle and non
coplanar.
•Use at high velocity ratio
required.
Pulleys
Types of Pulleys
1. Solid pulley
2. Split Pulley
3. Stepped or Cone Pulley
4. Fast and Loose Pulley
5. Jockey Pulley
6. Guide Pulley
7. Grooved Pulley
Thank You

Power Transmission

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Transmission

 (A) Individual drive

 Rolling Elements: Spherical balls

Taper roller thrust bearing

Rolling element  Spherical balls.  Cylindrical, taper, spherical

Load carrying capacity

Distance between the shafts is Distance between the shafts is

Require large space. Require less space.

Chances of slip is more. Chances of slip is less.

Velocity ratio is low. Velocity ratio is high.

Power transmission is less than V- Power transmission more than flat

 Driven pulley & driving pulley

 Tension on pulled side is

 Driven pulley & driving

 Driving pulley pulls the belt

 Used when distance between

 Also called right angle belt drive.

 To overcome the reduced

 Both driving & driven pulleys has

 Used to drive many

 Fast pulley: Keyed to

 To stop the machine, belt is

Let, N1 = Speed of driving pulley

N2 = Speed of driven pulley

◦ Chain: No. of links

For hoisting and hauling purposes.

For Elevating and conveying the material.

For transmitting power from one shaft to another shaft.

Use to convert rotary motion

•Use for power transmission

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