Act. 2 - Belts & Pulleys PDF

BELTS & PULLEYS
CE 314 ENGI NEERI NG UTI LI TI ES 2
APPLE GRACE S. DAGANATO - 3J

PULLEYS
A pulley is a simple tool used to make lifting and
moving large objects easier.
A pulleys construction, one of the six fundamental

machines, comprises one or more wheels around
which a rope, cable, belt, or chain is looped. The
object can be readily raised with just one string
fastened to a person or a machine.
Pulleys are used in lifting heavy loads aside from

transmiting rotational functions ans it aids in D e c oration
lowering the force needed to lift a load.
Types of Pulley
Fixed Pulley Movable Pulley Compound Pulley
TYPES OF BELT DRIVE: FIXED PULLEY
A Fixed pulley is the simplest of the

three, which is fixed and has an axle and
wheel that remain in the same location.
There is no force multiplication when the

rope is pulled; the force only changes
direction.
TYPES OF BELT DRIVE: MOVABLE PULLEY
A movable pulleys enable a pulley to

move up and down while the end of the
rope is fixed.
One end of the rope is fastened to a

beam or bar, the other end is
unrestrained, and the pulley, which holds
an object, is in the middle of the rope.
The weight shifts in the force's direction

TYPES OF BELT DRIVE: MOVABLE PULLEY
Compound pulleys or block and tackle

pulley is a type of system that use both
fixed and movable pulleys.
The amount of effort needed to complete

the operation can be reduced by using
compound pulleys or a block and tackle
pulley.
Longer and more pulleys are capable of

reducing the amount by more.
BELT DRIVES
A sort of frictional drive that transfers
power from one shaft to another using
pulleys that revolve at the same speed
as the shafts or at a different speed.
It is made up of two pulleys that have

an infinite belt running through them.
Because of the frictional grip that the
belt has on the pulley surface,
mechanical power or rotary motion is
transferred from the driving pulley to
the driven pulley.
Table Of
Contents
The belt's slack side is the section The tighter side is the one
where there is less strain. that has more tension.
The difference in tension between the slack and

tight sides of the belt determines its actual pulling
capacity, which rotates the driven pulley.
The ANGLE OF CONTACT is
the reason for the tensions in
the tight and slack sides of
the belt.
The belt drives must be set

up such that the tight side
comes below the pulleys and
the slack side comes above
them
3 TYPES OF BELT
Flat belt has a cross-section that is
rectangular. Power can be transmitted
using these belts across great
distances between pulley centers.
This drive has an efficiency of about
98% and makes little noise.
V-belts, which have a trapezoidal

cross-section, are also utilized with
grooved pulleys. These belts can
transmit more power and allow for
greater speed ratios. It is possible to
have many drives.
This kind of belt, which has a

circular cross section, is utilized with
pulleys that have grooves.
TYPES OF BELT DRIVE: OPEN BELT DRIVE
When the two parallel shafts in this sort

of belt drive must rotate in the same
direction, the belt is put to use.
The bottom side of the belt should be the

tight side and the top side must be the
slack side when the shafts are far apart.
This is because the upper side will sink

under the weight itself when it becomes
the slack side, increasing the arc of
contact.
TYPES OF BELT DRIVE: CROSS BELT DRIVE
When two parallel shafts must rotate in

the opposite direction, this sort of belt
drive is used. It scrapes against itself
and wears off at the point where the
belts converge.
The shafts must be operated at very low

speeds and placed as far apart from one
another as possible to prevent excessive
wear.
TYPES OF BELT DRIVE: STEPPED OR SPEED
CONE DRIVE
These types of belt drives are employed when the speed of
the driven shaft must be adjusted very frequently, such as in
the case of machine tools like lathes and drilling machines.
It is an integrated casting with three or more pulleys of

various diameters placed next to one another.
On the driven shaft, a single pair of stepped cone pulleys are

attached backward. One set of pulleys will be encircled by an
infinite belt.
The driven shaft's speed can be changed by moving the belt

between two pairs of pulleys.
The driving and driven pulleys' diameters are designed in

such a way that the same belt will still run when it is
transferred between separate sets of pulleys.
TYPES OF BELT DRIVE: FAST AND LOOSE
PULLEY DRIVE
When the driven or machine shaft needs to be started or
stopped whenever needed without interfering with the
driving shaft, certain sorts of belt drives are employed.
Fast pulleys are pulleys that are keyed to the machine

shaft and rotate at the same speed as the machine shaft.
A loose pulley cannot transfer any power since it moves

around freely across the machine shaft.
When stopping the driven shaft is necessary, a sliding bar

with belt forks is used to press the belt onto the
unfastened pulley.
TYPES OF BELT DRIVE: JOCKEY PULLEY
DRIVE
If the required tension of the belt cannot be obtained by

other means, an idler pulley, also known as a jockey
pulley, is placed on the slack side of the belt as shown
in fig. If the required tension of the belt cannot be
obtained by other means, or if the center distance is
small, or if the driven pulleys are very small, then the
arc of contact of the belt with the driven pulley will be
very small, which reduces the tensions in
This expands the arc of contact, raising the tension and

enhancing power transfer.
REFERENCES:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6woGQdUPFs
https://studentlesson.com/belt-pulley-definiton-functions-types-parts-working/?
fbclid=IwAR3cCk1HI-4GdRV1O51dny_MU_pXd8dS4FQReWm9NBCL-_W8GQGUGuBIu-k
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSe8ZQ19qiY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhI-mmQMVkU
THANK YOU

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BELTS & PULLEYS

CE 314 ENGI NEERI NG UTI LI TI ES 2

APPLE GRACE S. DAGANATO - 3J

A pulleys construction, one of the six fundamental

Pulleys are used in lifting heavy loads aside from

A Fixed pulley is the simplest of the

There is no force multiplication when the

A movable pulleys enable a pulley to

One end of the rope is fastened to a

The weight shifts in the force's direction

Compound pulleys or block and tackle

The amount of effort needed to complete

Longer and more pulleys are capable of

It is made up of two pulleys that have

The difference in tension between the slack and

The belt drives must be set

V-belts, which have a trapezoidal

This kind of belt, which has a

When the two parallel shafts in this sort

The bottom side of the belt should be the

This is because the upper side will sink

When two parallel shafts must rotate in

The shafts must be operated at very low

It is an integrated casting with three or more pulleys of

On the driven shaft, a single pair of stepped cone pulleys are

The driven shaft's speed can be changed by moving the belt

The driving and driven pulleys' diameters are designed in

Fast pulleys are pulleys that are keyed to the machine

A loose pulley cannot transfer any power since it moves

When stopping the driven shaft is necessary, a sliding bar

If the required tension of the belt cannot be obtained by

This expands the arc of contact, raising the tension and

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