AUTODYN - Chapter 10 - Eul - Lag - Int PDF

Chapter 10
Euler-Lagrange Interactions
IIntroduction
t d ti to t ANSYS
AUTODYN
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

© 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 10-1 February 2010
Automatic Coupling Training Manual
• Entire Surface of Lagrange Part

automatically interacts with
Euler
• Euler exerts pressure on
Lagrange Blended cells
– Euler pressures are integrated
over Lagrange surface areas to
obtain nodal forces
• Lagrange
g g acts as a flow
constraint for Euler
– No friction between Lagrange
and Euler Parts
• Partially covered Euler cells are

automatically Blended
• Automatic coupling can be used
with Erosion
Euler Flow Constraints Training Manual
• Lagrange Parts impose flow constraints on Euler Parts by

covering volumes and faces in the Euler grid
– Lagrange thickness must be larger than Euler cell size for flow constraints to function
properly
– Lagrange element size should be larger than Euler cell size for smoothest coupling
• 2:1 ratio recommended

Polygon Coupling Training Manual
• Only available for 2D Euler
• Polygon acts as a flow constraint

for Euler
Covered region
– No friction between Polygons
and Euler Parts
• Pol
Polygon
gon points can be fifixed
ed
(anchored) or attached to
Lagrange surface nodes
• P
Polygon
l coupling
li mustt b be usedd
for Euler–Shell interactions in 2D
– Automatic coupling is usually Fixed
preferable
f bl ((and d easier)
i ) if no (anchor)
Euler–Shell interactions are points
required
• Polygon coupling cannot be used

with Erosion
Polygon Examples Training Manual
SHELL
EULER
LAGRANGE

Menu for 2D Models Training Manual
• Coupling Types
– None
– Automatic (polygon free)
• Easy to use
• Can be used with erosion
• Must be used for all Parts
• Cannot be used with Shell Parts (no
thickened Shells)
– Polygons
• Cannot be used with erosion
• Can be used for Lagrange, ALE and
Shell Parts
• No Euler subcycling

Example: Blast Wave on Deforming Wall (2D) Training Manual
Pressure plots
Lagrange
Euler
Velocity plot

Example: Explosive Demolition of Concrete (2D) Training Manual
• Multi-material Euler Part : HE + Air

• Lagrange Part : Concrete

Contact, Erosion and Coupling Training Manual
• Contact, Erosion and Coupling can be used simultaneously in an analysis

(must use automatic coupling)
g
– Failure and fragmentation of components
p
– Venting of fluids / gases through failed / fragmented components
– Combined shock ((blast)) and impact
p ((fragment)
g ) loading
g of structures
• Major advantage over other programs

Menu for 3D Models Training Manual
• Coupling Types
– Rigid
g
– Fully Coupled
– Weak Coupling
• Euler subcycling
•
– Euler Blast Solver
– Multi-material Euler Solver
• Thickened Shells
– Euler Blast Solver

– Multi-material
u a e a Euler
u e So
Solver
e

Euler Subcycling Training Manual
• Lagrange grids usually model deformation of solids

– High Soundspeed – Small stability time step
• Euler
E l grids
id often
ft model
d l th
the flflow off gases
– Low Soundspeed – Large stability time step
• Consequently the Euler stability time step is usually larger than the Lagrange
stability time step
• Subcycling allows different time steps to be used for Lagrange and Euler
– Lagrange Parts are updated using the small time step
– Euler Parts are updated using the large time step
– Less diffusion in Euler since the optimum time step is used

Thickened Shells Training Manual
• Shell Parts must be artificially thickened for Euler-Lagrange

interactions
– You
Y mustt define
d fi ththe artificial
tifi i l thi
thickness
k ffor shell
h ll P
Parts
t
– The artificial shell thickness must be at least twice the largest cell size in
the surrounding Euler grid
– The artificial thickness used in interaction calculations is different to the
thickness specified when filling a shell Part
• Default shell normal direction can be overridden when joining multiple

Shell Parts
Exclude
No Join Default Join Custom Join
Thickened Shells Training Manual
Shell Thickened Shell
Euler Volume Fractions Deformed Shell

Coupling Type: Rigid Training Manual
• Lagrange or Fill Parts are used to initially fill regions of an Euler

mesh with stationary rigid geometries
– Lagrange Parts can be generated in AUTODYN or imported (e.g. from
W kb
Workbench)
h)
– Use to calculate covered volume and face fractions at the start of an analysis
• Covered fractions do not change during the analysis
• Very efficient

Coupling Type: Fully Coupled Training Manual
• Lagrange Parts interact dynamically with the Euler mesh

– Covered volume and face fractions are recalculated each time step
• Significantly less efficient than Rigid Coupling
• Compute coupling only for the loading period

– Delete Euler Part when no longer required

Fully Coupled - Building Blast Training Manual
Detonation of 27 tons
of munitions in a
masonry Explosive
Storage House (ESH)
Euler Blast Solver

Fully Coupled - Gun Barrel Response Training Manual
Gas Flow in Gun Barrel with Muzzle Break

Euler Blast Solver

Fully Coupled - Underwater Explosion Training Manual
• Multi-material Euler solver used for explosive and water

• Lagrange solver used for steel cylinder

Fully Coupled - Blast on Reinforced Concrete Training Manual
Lagrange Beam
Euler Blast Concrete Reinforcements

Fully Coupled - Mine Blast Training Manual
• Air Blast
– Fully Coupled
Euler Lagrange
Euler-Lagrange
Interaction
• Fragment Impact
– Lagrange-Lagrange
Interaction
• Erosion
– Retained Inertia

Fully Coupled – Exploding RPG Training Manual
• Blast and fragment loading of a

CFRP Wing Box from a Rocket
Propelled Grenade (RPG)
– Air Blast modeled using the
Euler Blast solver
– RPG casing (fragments) and

Wing Box components
modeled using Lagrange
solvers
l
– Euler-Lagrange coupling used

for the blast loading
– Lagrange contact + erosion

used for the fragment loading
Calculation performed by the Ernst-Mach Institute

Fully Coupled – IED Explosions Training Manual
Detonation and fragmentation

of a hand grenade
Detonation
of pipe
bomb and
resulting
damage
Courtesy AF Safety Center
and the AF Research Lab

Fully Coupled – Glass Fragmentation Training Manual
Test in Large Blast Simulator

• To reduce the hazards of flying glass
shards, the German Defense Ministry
is assessing various safety concepts
for bus windows using :
– Full-scale bus experiments
– AUTODYN simulations
Standard Glazing Polycarbonate Glazing

Fully Coupled – Rigid Body Impact Training Manual
• Rigid Projectile Impacting Plate

– Rigid Body / Euler Coupling

Fully Coupled – Underwater Explosion Training Manual
• Underwater Explosion Near Ship

– Rigid
g Body
y / Euler Coupling
p g
– Rigid Hull
– Water and Air in 3D MM Euler

Fully Coupled – Above Water Ship Blast Training Manual
• Air Explosion Near Ship

– Rigid Hull

Fully Coupled – Deforming Hull Training Manual
• Air Explosion Near Ship

– Deformable Hull

Fully Coupled - Marine Blast Applications Training Manual
LPG Tanker Explosion
Passenger Ferry
CDC (Certain Dangerous Cargoes) Barge Explosion

Coupling Type: Weak Coupling Training Manual
• Weak
W k Coupling
C li applies
li a pressure fifield
ld
from an Euler Part onto a Lagrange Part
as a boundary condition
•
– Step 1: Euler Analysis

• Structure is represented using Lagrange, ALE, Shell
or Fill Parts
• 3D pressure field is stored in a sequence of Field
Files
– First Field file also contains geometry data for Euler Part
– Step 2: Lagrange Analysis

• Pressures from Field Files are applied to external
faces of the Lagrange Part
• Mapping automatically created between initial
positions of the Lagrange faces and Euler cells
• Automatic linear interpolation in time between Example
pressure data from two field files Hi h pressure expansion
High i around da
metallic ring in enclosed box

Weak Coupling Example Training Manual
Step 1: Euler Analysis

Creates Field Files
Step 2:
Lagrange
Analyses
A l Fi
Apply Field
ld
Files

Weak Coupling Training Manual
• Weak Coupling is similar to full Euler - Lagrange coupling

– But, no feedback from the Lagrange Parts into the Euler mesh
– Deflections in Lagrange Parts are assumed to be small during the loading period
• Advantages over full Euler - Lagrange coupling

– Multiple
p Lagrange
g g calculations can be carried out following
g a single
g Euler calculation
– Reduction in computation time expected for a single Euler analysis followed by a
Lagrange analysis compared to a fully coupled solution
• Weak Coupling only considers mapping of pressure data

– Applied to boundary faces of Lagrange cells as nodal forces
– Only applied within the volume described by the pressure files
• Field file names

– Naming Convention: IDENT_####.ADF
– #### increasing integer starting at 0001

Workshop 6 – Explosive Demolition Training Manual
Goal:
Model the Explosive Demolition of a
Concrete Slab
Procedure:
Start AUTODYN standalone
Set up the problem using 2D Axial

Symmetry
Model the Concrete in Lagrange
Model the Explosive in Euler
Add Euler/Lagarnge Interactions
Solve the problem

Workshop 7 - Ship Blast Training Manual
Goal:
Model an air blast and
underwater shock
loading of a ship
Procedure:
Sett up the
S th problem
bl iin
Explicit Dynamics
(ANSYS)
Transfer the setup to
AUTODYN
Add an Euler Part to
model the air blast /
underwater shock
Run the analysis in
AUTODYN


AUTODYN - Chapter 10 - Eul - Lag - Int PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

AUTODYN - Chapter 10 - Eul - Lag - Int PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

AUTODYN - Chapter 10 - Eul - Lag - Int PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 10

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Entire Surface of Lagrange Part

• Partially covered Euler cells are

• Lagrange Parts impose flow constraints on Euler Parts by

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Only available for 2D Euler

• Polygon acts as a flow constraint

• Polygon coupling cannot be used

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Multi-material Euler Part : HE + Air

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Contact, Erosion and Coupling can be used simultaneously in an analysis

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

– Euler Blast Solver

– Multi-material Euler Solver

– Euler Blast Solver

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Lagrange grids usually model deformation of solids

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Shell Parts must be artificially thickened for Euler-Lagrange

• Default shell normal direction can be overridden when joining multiple

Shell Thickened Shell

Euler Volume Fractions Deformed Shell

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Lagrange or Fill Parts are used to initially fill regions of an Euler

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Lagrange Parts interact dynamically with the Euler mesh

• Compute coupling only for the loading period

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

Euler Blast Solver

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

Gas Flow in Gun Barrel with Muzzle Break

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Multi-material Euler solver used for explosive and water

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Blast and fragment loading of a

– RPG casing (fragments) and

– Euler-Lagrange coupling used

– Lagrange contact + erosion

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

Detonation and fragmentation

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

Test in Large Blast Simulator

Standard Glazing Polycarbonate Glazing

• Rigid Projectile Impacting Plate

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Underwater Explosion Near Ship

– Water and Air in 3D MM Euler

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Air Explosion Near Ship

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

• Air Explosion Near Ship

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 12.1

LPG Tanker Explosion