Landforms of The Earth

Social Science Assignment
Landforms of the Earth

Landforms of the Earth
Landforms are natural, geographical or physical features on the Earth surface. This
includes
 Mountains
 Plateaus
 Plains
 Deserts
 Rivers
Mountains
Mountains are landforms that rises to thousands of metres above the land surface.
This are solid, rocky masses present in long chains. The tip of mountain is called
peak. A long chain of mountain is called a Mountain Range.
The Himalayan Mountain Ranges
The Himalayan Mountain Ranges

run 2,400 Kms across north of India.
Mount Everest in the Himalayas is
the highest peak in the world.
It is standing at 8,848 meters above
the sea level.
It is always covered with snow
The Himalayan region is dotted with
hundreds of lakes.
The Alps Mountain Ranges
The Alps are the youngest and

highest mountain system in Europe.
The mountain range starts near the

Mediterranean Sea.
The highest peak is Mont Blanc .
Its rises 4,807 meters above sea

level.
Alps have a highlands climate.

Ural Mountain Range
The Urals rise like a long and

narrow spine across western
Russia.
Its forming a natural divide

between Europe and Asia
The mountain range spans

2,500 Km.
It has forested and semi-desert

landscapes
The climate of the Urals is

continental.
Plateaus
A plateau is a flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding land.
It has steep slopes. Some plateaus are very large and extend over hundreds of
kilometres.
Tibetan Plateau
The largest plateau in the world

is the Tibetan Plateau.
It is located in central Asia.
It is also called the Roof of the

world.
It is surrounded by a massive
mountain range.
Its average elevation is 4000m

above sea level
Antarctic Plateau
The Antarctic Plateau, Polar

Plateau is in East Antarctica.
It extends over a diameter of

about 1,000 kilometres.
Its average elevation of about

3,000 metres.
This is one of the coldest area

in the world.
There are no land animals on

Antarctic Plateau.
Deccan Plateau
The Deccan Plateau is a large plateau in India. It extends over eight Indian states,
A wide range of habitats, covering most of central and southern India. It is located
between two mountain ranges, the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats
Plains
Plains are flat and low-lying land surface. They are also called lowlands. Plains are
very fertile. People grow many crops in the plains. Plains are rich in forest and
farmlands.
Costal plains are located along the seacoast and many of these are popular tourist
spots.
Desert
Desert is a region of land that is very dry because it receives low amounts of rain.
It often has little coverage by plants, areas have a dry climate.
Thar Desert
The Thar Desert is also known as the Great Indian Desert. It covers an area of
200,000 km2. It is the world's 17th largest desert. It is Subtropical type. Desert
safaris on camels is popular in this desert.
Antarctic Desert
In terms of sheer size, the Antarctic Desert is the largest desert on Earth. It covers
an area of 13.8 million square km. This is polar type desert. It is the largest cold
desert in the world and is classified as a desert because it receives little rain.
Sahara Desert
The Sahara is a desert located on the African continent. It covers an area of

9,200,000 square kilometres. It is the largest hot desert in the world. the Sahara
contains two permanent rivers the Nile and the Niger.
Rivers
A river is a stream of water that flows through a channel in the surface of the
ground. A river begins on mountains and flows down from the high ground to the
lower ground. A river begins as a small stream and gets bigger the farther it flows.
From the place of origin to its mouth, a river passes through three stages.
a) The Upper or the Young Course :-
The beginning of a river,

when it flows quickly with
lots of energy. Some features
of upper course are Canyons
& Waterfalls.
b) Middle or the Mature Course :-
The middle course of river

begins when it leaves the
mountains and enters the
plains. Here the valley widens.
At this stage, the speed of the
river decreases and river
develops loops, which are
called Meanders.
c) The Lower or the Old Course :-
The volume of water in a

river is at its greatest in
the lower course. This is
due to the contribution of
water from tributaries.
The river channel is deep
and wide and the land
around the river is flat.
Deltas are often found at
the mouth of large rivers.

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What are the different types of landforms described in the passage?

What are the different types of landforms described in the passage?

What are the characteristics of a river?

What are the characteristics of a river?

Social Science Assignment

Landforms of the Earth

The Himalayan Mountain Ranges

The Himalayan Mountain Ranges

The Alps are the youngest and

The mountain range starts near the

The highest peak is Mont Blanc .

Its rises 4,807 meters above sea

Alps have a highlands climate.

The Urals rise like a long and

Its forming a natural divide

The mountain range spans

It has forested and semi-desert

The climate of the Urals is

The largest plateau in the world

It is located in central Asia.

It is also called the Roof of the

Its average elevation is 4000m

The Antarctic Plateau, Polar

It extends over a diameter of

Its average elevation of about

This is one of the coldest area

There are no land animals on

The Sahara is a desert located on the African continent. It covers an area of

a) The Upper or the Young Course :-

The beginning of a river,

b) Middle or the Mature Course :-

The middle course of river

The volume of water in a

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