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    Vehicle Assignment

    Uploaded by

    John
    This document analyzes the longitudinal braking dynamics of a Hyundai Grand i10 vehicle. It calculates: 1) The braking forces and deceleration rates at the front and rear axles. 2) The load transfer from the rear to front axle during braking. 3) The braking forces at the front and rear axles. 4) The stopping distance of the vehicle from an initial velocity of 90 kmph is calculated to be 34.60 meters. Tables of maximum braking distances are provided for various constant grades and speeds.

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    Vehicle Assignment

    Uploaded by

    John
    81 views9 pages
    This document analyzes the longitudinal braking dynamics of a Hyundai Grand i10 vehicle. It calculates: 1) The braking forces and deceleration rates at the front and rear axles. 2) The load transfer from the rear to front axle during braking. 3) The braking forces at the front and rear axles. 4) The stopping distance of the vehicle from an initial velocity of 90 kmph is calculated to be 34.60 meters. Tables of maximum braking distances are provided for various constant grades and speeds.

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    Vehicle assignment

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    This document analyzes the longitudinal braking dynamics of a Hyundai Grand i10 vehicle. It calculates: 1) The braking forces and deceleration rates at the front and rear axles. 2) The load transfer from the rear to front axle during braking. 3) The braking forces at the front and rear axles. 4) The stopping distance of the vehicle from an initial velocity of 90 kmph is calculated to be 34.60 meters. Tables of maximum braking distances are provided for various constant grades and speeds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    81 views9 pages

    Vehicle Assignment

    Uploaded by

    John
    This document analyzes the longitudinal braking dynamics of a Hyundai Grand i10 vehicle. It calculates: 1) The braking forces and deceleration rates at the front and rear axles. 2) The load transfer from the rear to front axle during braking. 3) The braking forces at the front and rear axles. 4) The stopping distance of the vehicle from an initial velocity of 90 kmph is calculated to be 34.60 meters. Tables of maximum braking distances are provided for various constant grades and speeds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Vehicle Dynamics - Digital Assignment 2 Group 10

    19MCD0042

    Longitudinal Dynamics calculations for Hyundai Grand i10

    Braking Characteristics of a Two-Axle Vehicle


    The major external forces acting on a decelerating two-axle vehicle are shown in figure
    The braking force F b, originating from the brake system and developed on the tire-road interface
    is the primary retarding force. When the braking force is below the limit of tire-road adhesion,
    the braking force F b, is given by

    where T b, is the applied brake torque, I is the rotating inertia


    connected with the wheel being decelerated, α an, is the corresponding angular deceleration, and r
    is the rolling radius of the tire.

    Let assume the initial velocity of the vehicle to be 90 kmph rolling on an asphalt surface
    (µ=0.8) which needs to be brought at rest.
    H=631.8mm
    L1=846.8mm
    Vehicle Dynamics - Digital Assignment 2 Group 10
    19MCD0042

    L2=1578.21mm
    1) Rolling resistance coefficient

    fr = 0.0136 + 0.40 * 10-7 * (V2)


    fr = 0.0136 + 0.40 * 10-7 * (1002)
    fr = 0.0145

    2) Proportion of total braking force on the front and rear

    K bf l2+h ( µ+ fr )
    =
    K br l1−h ( µ+ fr )

    As Kbf + Kbr = 1
    K bf l2+h ( µ+ fr )
    Therefore, =
    1−K bf l1−h ( µ+ fr )

    K bf 1578.21+ 631.81 ( 0.8+0.01392 )


    =
    1−K bf 846.78−631.81 ( 0.8+0.01392 )
    K bf
    = 6.3
    1−K bf
    Kbf = .8630
    and thus Kbr = 0.1369

    3) Vehicle deceleration rate (in g-units)

    a. For Front wheels


    µ∗l 2
    + ( K bf ∗f r )
    a L
    g
    = µ∗h
    K bf −
    L
    0.8∗1578.21
    + ( 0.6058∗0.0145 )
    a 2425
    g
    = 0.8∗631.81
    0.8630−
    2425
    Vehicle Dynamics - Digital Assignment 2 Group 10
    19MCD0042

    a
    g
    = 0.8128

    b. For Rear wheels


    µ l1
    + ( 1−K bf )∗f r
    a L
    =
    g µh
    1− K bf +
    L
    0.8∗846.78
    + ( 1−0.6058 )∗0.0145
    a 2425
    =
    g 0.8∗631.81
    1−0.8630+
    2425
    a
    = 0.8143
    g

    4) During braking, there is a load transfer from the rear axle to the front axle the normal
    loads on the front and rear axles, Wf and Wr, can be expressed as

    a. Load on front axle

    W a
    Wf = (l2 + * h)
    L g
    1500∗9.81
    Wf = (1578.21 + 0.8128 * 631.81)
    2425
    Wf = 12694.14 N

    b. Load on rear axle


    W a
    Wr = (l1 - * h)
    L g
    1500∗9.81
    Wr = (846.78 – 0.8143 * 631.81)
    2425
    Vehicle Dynamics - Digital Assignment 2 Group 10
    19MCD0042

    Wr = 2016.39 N

    5) The braking forces of the front and rear axles

    a. For front axle


    a
    F bf = K bf * W ( – fr)
    g
    F bf = 0.8630 * 1500 *9.81(0.8128 – 0.0145)

    Fbf = 10137.64 N

    b. For rear axle

    F br= (1 – K bf )
    a
    * W * ( – f r)
    g
    Fbr = (1 – 0.8630) * 1500*9.81 * (0.8143 – 0.0145)
    Fbr = 1612.360 N

    6) Stopping distance

    Where

    Af = 1.6 + 0.00056 * (mv - 765) = 1.6 + 0.00056 * (1500 -765) = 2.0116


    ƿ 1.225
    Cae = * Cd * A f = * 0.307 * 2.0116 = 0.3782
    2 2
    a 0.8128
    ɳb = = = 1.016
    g∗µ 0.8
    θs = 150
    Vehicle Dynamics - Digital Assignment 2 Group 10
    19MCD0042

    therefore,

    14715
    S = ln (1 +
    2∗9.81∗0.3782
    0.3782∗27.77 2
    )
    ( 1.016∗0.8∗14715 ) + ( 0.0145∗14715∗cos 15 ) + ( 14715∗sin 15 )

    S = 34.60 m

    Data for Hyundai Grand i10

    Coefficient of Road Adhesion μ 0.8


    CG Behind Front Axle l1 846.78 mm
    CG Before Rear Axle l2 1578.21 mm
    CG Height h 631.8 mm
    Wheelbase L 2425 mm
    Roll Resistance fr 0.0145
    Weight of Vehicle w 14715 N
    Frontal Area Af 2.0116 m2
    Density of Air ρ 1.225 Kg/m3
    Coefficient of Drag Cd 0.307

    On Zero Gradient
    Vehicle Dynamics - Digital Assignment 2 Group 10
    19MCD0042

    Cae = (ρ/2) *Cd*Af Speed CaeV2 Smax


    Cae = 0.3782 0 0 0
    W/(2*g*Cae) =
    1983.077 10 37.82 6.1512
    µW = 11772 15 85.095 13.8135
    FrWcosθ = 213.3675 20 151.28 24.4913
    Wsinθ = 0 25 236.375 38.13600
    30 340.38 54.6862
    40 605.12 96.2013

    Constant
    Up the Grade 10
    A. Gradient Up

    Cae = (ρ/2)*Cd*Af Speed CaeV2 Smax


    Cae = 0.3782 0 0 0
    W/(2*g*Cae) =
    1983.077 10 43.8 5.0866
    µW = 11772 15 98.55 11.4265
    FrWcosθ = 210.12 20 175.2 20.2686
    Wsinθ = 2555.23 25 273.75 31.5793
    30 394.2 45.3164
    40 605.12 79.8603

    Constant
    Down the Grade 10
    Gradient Down

    Cae = (ρ/2) *Cd*Af Speed CaeV2 Smax


    Cae = 0.3782 0 0 0
    W/(2*g*Cae) =
    1983.077 10 43.8 7.7848
    µW = 11772 15 98.55 17.4730
    FrWcosθ = 210.12 20 175.2 30.9575
    Wsinθ = 2555.23 25 273.75 48.1611
    30 394.2 68.9870
    40 605.12 121.032
    Vehicle Dynamics - Digital Assignment 2 Group 10
    19MCD0042

    140

    120

    100

    80

    60

    40

    20

    0
    0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

    Constant Grade 10 Up Constant Grade 10 Down

    Constant
    Up the Grade 20
    B. Gradient Up

    Cae = (ρ/2) *Cd*Af Speed CaeV2 Smax


    Cae = 0.3782 0 0 0
    W/(2*g*Cae) =
    1983.077 10 43.8 4.3572
    µW = 11772 15 98.55 9.79045
    FrWcosθ = 200.49 20 175.2 17.3719
    Wsinθ = 5032.82 25 273.75 27.077
    30 394.2 38.8750
    40 605.12 68.5930
    Vehicle Dynamics - Digital Assignment 2 Group 10
    19MCD0042

    Constant
    Down the Grade 20
    Gradient Down

    Cae = (ρ/2) *Cd*Af Speed CaeV2 Smax


    Cae = 0.3782 0 0 0
    W/(2*g*Cae) =
    1983.077 10 43.8 10.4940
    µW = 11772 15 98.55 23.5339
    FrWcosθ = 200.49 20 175.2 41.6470
    Wsinθ = 5032.82 25 273.75 64.6947
    30 394.2 92.505
    40 605.12 161.58
    180

    160

    140

    120

    100

    80

    60

    40

    20

    0
    0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

    Constant Grade 20 Up Constant Grade 20 Down

    Constant
    Up the Grade 30
    C. Gradient Up

    Cae = (ρ/2) *Cd*Af Speed CaeV2 Smax


    Cae = 0.3782 0 0 0
    W/(2*g*Cae) =
    1983.077 10 43.8 3.8419
    µW = 11772 15 98.55 8.63368
    FrWcosθ = 184.78 20 175.2 15.3231
    Wsinθ = 7357.5 25 273.75 23.8907
    30 394.2 34.3121
    40 605.12 60.5948
    Vehicle Dynamics - Digital Assignment 2 Group 10
    19MCD0042

    Constant
    Down the Grade 30
    Gradient Down

    Cae = (ρ/2) *Cd*Af Speed CaeV2 Smax


    Cae = 0.3782 0 0 0
    W/(2*g*Cae) =
    1983.77 10 43.8 15.6038
    µW = 11772 15 98.55 34.9374
    FrWcosθ = 184.78 20 175.2 61.6918
    Wsinθ = 7357.5 25 273.75 95.5682
    30 394.2 136.2019
    40 605.12 236.025
    250

    200

    150

    100

    50

    0
    0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

    Constant Grade 30 Up Constant Grade 30 Down

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