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    Soil Dynamics Homework Answer

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    JHIH KAI CHANG
    The document contains calculations and analysis related to wave propagation. It includes: 1) Calculations of wave velocity, wavelength, displacement, and stress for different materials like steel and cast iron under various frequencies. 2) Graphs showing the variation of stress over time as a pressure wave and tension wave propagate through different materials. 3) Analysis of wave propagation through a 20 foot steel rod, calculating the velocity, strain, and stress over time.

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    Soil Dynamics Homework Answer

    Uploaded by

    JHIH KAI CHANG
    45 views6 pages
    The document contains calculations and analysis related to wave propagation. It includes: 1) Calculations of wave velocity, wavelength, displacement, and stress for different materials like steel and cast iron under various frequencies. 2) Graphs showing the variation of stress over time as a pressure wave and tension wave propagate through different materials. 3) Analysis of wave propagation through a 20 foot steel rod, calculating the velocity, strain, and stress over time.

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    The solutions of soil Dynamics

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    The document contains calculations and analysis related to wave propagation. It includes: 1) Calculations of wave velocity, wavelength, displacement, and stress for different materials like steel and cast iron under various frequencies. 2) Graphs showing the variation of stress over time as a pressure wave and tension wave propagate through different materials. 3) Analysis of wave propagation through a 20 foot steel rod, calculating the velocity, strain, and stress over time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    45 views6 pages

    Soil Dynamics Homework Answer

    Uploaded by

    JHIH KAI CHANG
    The document contains calculations and analysis related to wave propagation. It includes: 1) Calculations of wave velocity, wavelength, displacement, and stress for different materials like steel and cast iron under various frequencies. 2) Graphs showing the variation of stress over time as a pressure wave and tension wave propagate through different materials. 3) Analysis of wave propagation through a 20 foot steel rod, calculating the velocity, strain, and stress over time.

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    of 6

    N66094297 張致愷

    HW1

    For f = 15Hz , 𝑢̇ = 500(𝑐𝑚/𝑠)


    𝑢̇ = (2𝜋𝑓)𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜙)
    For peak velocity cos(ωt − ϕ) = 1
    𝑢̇ = (2𝜋𝑓)𝐴 = 500(𝑐𝑚/𝑠)
    500 500
    (1)displacement amplitude A = = = 5.305(𝑐𝑚)
    2πf 2 ∗ 𝜋 ∗ 15
    1
    (2)peroid = T = = 0.067(sec)
    f
    𝑢̈ = −(2𝜋𝑓)2 𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜙)
    For peak acceleration sin(ωt − ϕ) = −1
    (3)peak acceleration = (2𝜋𝑓)2 𝐴 = 47122(𝑐𝑚/ sec 2 ) = 471.22(𝑚/ sec 2 )

    Assume the rod is unconstrained(can expand)

    E 40 ∗ 106 (kN/m2 )
    Vc = √ = = 4.0435 ∗ 103 (𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐)
    ρ √ 24(kN/m2 )
    [( ]
    9.81(𝑚/ sec 2 )

    (3)
    (1) Travel time t = = 7.419 ∗ 10−4 (sec)
    Vc

    𝜎 (140)(kN/m2 )
    (2)𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝜀 = = = 3.5 ∗ 10−6
    𝐸 (40 ∗ 106 )(kN/m2 )
    𝑁
    𝐹 π ∗ 0.22 𝑚 24 ∗ 103 ( 2 )
    (3)𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑍 = = 𝐴√𝐸𝜌 = ρVc 𝐴 = 3
    ∗ 4.0435 ∗ 10 ( ) ∗ ( 𝑚 )
    𝑢̇ 4 𝑠𝑒𝑐 9.81(𝑚/ sec 2 )

    sec
    = 310777.4898 (N ∗ ) = 310.8(kN/sec)
    m
    N66094297 張致愷

    E 48 ∗ 103 (kN/m2 )
    Vc = √ = = 149.743(m/sec)
    ρ √ 21(kN/m2 )
    [( ]
    9.81(𝑚/ sec 2 )

    When ∆t = 0.03s , L = Vc ∗ ∆t = 149.743 ∗ 0.03 = 4.492 (m)(波長_紅色段長度)


    When ∆t = 0.04s , L = 149.743 ∗ 0.04 = 5.990 (m) < 6(m)
    When ∆t = 0.06s, L = 149.743 ∗ 0.06 = 8.985 (m) > 6(m)

    ∵ ∆t = 0.04s, L = 5.990 (m) < 6(m)


    ∴ 尚未受張力波影響，純壓力波
    σ 700∗103
    (1)u0.04 = 𝐸 ∗ 𝐿𝑡=0.03 = ∗ 4.492(𝑚) = 0.0655(𝑚)
    48∗106

    ∆t=0.06 (sec)
    張力部分: 8.985 − (3 ∗ 2) = 2.985 (m) = L1
    壓力部分: 4.492 − 2.985 = 1.507(m) = L2
    σ 700 ∗ 103
    u0.06 = ∗ (𝐿2 − 𝐿1 ) = ∗ (𝐿2 − 𝐿1 ) = −0.022(𝑚)
    𝐸 48 ∗ 106

    (2)平衡位置
    4.492
    L =3∗2+ = 8.246(𝑚)
    2
    Where L = Vc ∗ ∆t = 149.473(m/sec) ∗ ∆t = 8.246(m),
    ∆t = 0.055(sec)
    N66094297 張致愷

    For steel
    Vp = 19556(𝑓𝑡/𝑠𝑒𝑐)(𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑏𝑜𝑜𝑘)
    Vp
    (1)λ = = 19556(ft)
    𝑓
    Δx
    (2)ϕ = ω ∗ Δt , Δt =
    𝑉𝑝
    Δx(ft) Δt(sec) ϕ = ω ∗ Δt(rad)
    1 5.11352E-05 0.000321
    10 0.000511352 0.003213
    100 0.00511352 0.032129
    1000 0.051135201 0.321292
    10000 0.511352015 3.212919
    Vp
    (3) λ =
    𝑓
    Vp (𝑓𝑡/𝑠𝑒𝑐) 𝑓(𝐻𝑧) λ(ft)
    19556 10 1955.6
    19556 100 195.56
    19556 1000 19.556
    19556 1000000 0.019556

    m
    For steel Vp = 5926 ( ) = 233307.08(𝑖𝑛/𝑠)(from textbook)
    sec
    kgf 2.2046
    ρ = 7800 ( ) = 7800 ∗ = 0.2818 (𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑/𝑖𝑛3 )
    cm3 39.370078733
    For cast steel: Vp = 4800 (m/s)(website) ρ = 7800(kgf/cm3 )
    𝜌𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑉𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 7800 ∗ 4800
    αz = = = 0.814
    𝜌𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑉𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 7800 ∗ 5900
    N66094297 張致愷
    𝜎𝑖 𝑖 ∗ 𝜎𝑖 1 ∗ 100(𝑝𝑠𝑖 ) ∗ 32.2(𝑓𝑡/𝑠𝑒𝑐2)
    Ai = = = = 7.795 ∗ 10−6 (𝑓𝑡)
    𝑖𝑘𝑖 𝐺𝑖 𝜌𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝜔𝑣𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 0.2818 ∗ 2𝜋 ∗ 1000 ∗ 233307.08
    2 2
    At = 𝐴𝑖 = ∗ 7.795 ∗ 10−6 = 8.561 ∗ 10−6 (𝑓𝑡)
    1 + 𝛼𝑧 1.814

    steel to cast iron


    𝜌𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑉𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛
    α1 = = 0.814(𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚(5))
    𝜌𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑉𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙
    cast iron to steel
    1
    α2 = = 1.229
    𝛼2
    When αz = α1 , When αz = α2 ,
    (0.814 − 1)𝜎𝑖 (1.229 − 1)𝜎𝑖
    σr = = −0.1025𝜎𝑖 σr = = 0.1027𝜎𝑖
    (0.814 + 1) (1.229 + 1)
    2 ∗ 0.814 ∗ 𝜎𝑖 2 ∗ 1.229 ∗ 𝜎𝑖
    σt = = 0.8975𝜎𝑖 σt = = 1.1027𝜎𝑖
    (0.814 + 1) (1.229 + 1)
    N66094297 張致愷

    steel to cast iron cast iron to steel t(msec) σ(psi) t(msec) σ(psi)
    σr σt σr σt 2.737 89.750 11.070 0.947
    -10.25 89.75 2.837 89.750 11.170 0.947
    r -1.05063 9.199375 4.820 89.750 11.600 0.943
    t 9.217325 98.96733 4.920 89.750 11.700 0.943
    rr -0.10769 0.942936 6.126 9.199 12.376 -87.878
    rt 0.944776 10.14415 6.226 9.199 12.476 -87.878
    tt 10.14415 -88.8232 6.903 9.217 12.906 0.097
    tr 0.946619 10.16394 7.003 9.217 13.006 0.097
    rrt 0.09684 1.039775 8.210 9.199 13.153 0.947
    rrr -0.01104 0.096651 8.310 9.199 13.253 0.947
    ttr 1.039775 -9.10438 8.987 9.217 13.683 -18.112
    ttt -9.12214 -97.9453 9.087 9.217 13.783 -18.112
    rtt 1.039775 -9.10438 9.516 0.943 14.460 -18.147
    trt 1.041804 -9.12214 9.616 -0.943 14.560 -18.147
    rtr 0.097028 11.18596 10.293 -87.878 14.989 0.097
    10.393 -87.878 15.089 0.097
    N66094297 張致愷

    應力開始傳遞後經過 0.2(sec)才到 Y 點,假設 unconstrained


    Δ𝑥 20(𝑓𝑡)
    Vc = = 0.02(𝑠) = 1000(𝑓𝑡/𝑠)
    Δ𝑡

    𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑
    𝐸 𝛾 96.6 ( )
    𝑓𝑡 3
    Vc = √ = √𝐸 ∗ 𝑔/𝛾 , E = Vc2 ∗ = 10002 (𝑓𝑡/𝑠𝑒𝑐) ∗ ( ) = 3 ∗ 106 (𝑝𝑠𝑓)
    𝜌 𝑔 𝑓𝑡
    32.2 ( 2 )
    𝑠

    Δ𝑥 0.02
    𝑢̇ = = = ±4(𝑓𝑡/𝑠𝑒𝑐)
    Δ𝑡 0.005
    𝑢̇ 4
    ε= = = ±4 ∗ 10−3 , 𝜎 = 𝐸𝜀 = 3 ∗ 106 ∗ 4 ∗ 10−3 = 12 ∗ 103 (𝑝𝑠𝑖)
    𝑉𝑐 1000
    when t = 0.02~0.025(sec) 位移向右為壓力波
    when t = 0.025~0.03(sec) 位移向左為張力波
    15000

    10000

    5000
    σ(pound/ft^2)

    t(s)
    0
    0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06

    -5000

    -10000

    -15000

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