FinePlanner - Worksheet - Kamal

©2009 Ismail Ab.
Wahab, Malaysian Entrepreneurship Development Centre (MEDEC), Universiti Teknologi MARA
Name of Business/Company USER'S GUIDE

BASIQUE PANCAKE CAFE ENTERPRISE FORECASTING
Select Language/Pilih Bahasa Form of Business Capital Expenditure Projections
Pre-Operating and Working Capital Projections
● English ● Private Limited Company Sales and Purchase Projections
Malay Sole-Proprietorship/Others Forecasted Project Cost and Financing
SUMMARY AND SCHEDULES
Planning Period Nature of Business
Project Cost and Sources of Finance Summary
● 3 Years ● Manufacturing Fixed Assets and Depreciation Schedules
Loan Amortization Schedule
5 Years Trading/Distribution
Service FINANCIAL REPORTS
Pro-forma Cash Flow Statement
Start Year of Projection Start Month of Projection Pro-forma Income Statement
January Pro-forma Balance Sheet
February Financial Performance
March
April
May
June
July BRIEF REPORTS
August
Total Project Cost September Cash Balance Time to Break-Even
Sources of Financing October Income Paybak Period for Start-Up Fund
November
Monthly Loan Payment December
Total Assets & Liabilities Internal Rate of Return
Monthly Hire-Purchase Payment Total Owners' Equity
Complimentary Edition FinePlanner
FINANCIAL PLA
FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES
aysian Entrepreneurship Development Centre (MEDEC), Universiti Teknologi MARA
USER'S GUIDE
FORECASTING
Capital Expenditure Projections
Pre-Operating and Working Capital Projections
Sales and Purchase Projections
Forecasted Project Cost and Financing
Project Cost and Sources of Finance Summary

Fixed Assets and Depreciation Schedules
Loan Amortization Schedule
FINANCIAL REPORTS
Pro-forma Income Statement
Pro-forma Balance Sheet
Financial Performance
BRIEF REPORTS
Time to Break-Even
Paybak Period for Start-Up Fund
Internal Rate of Return
FinePlanner
FINANCIAL PLAN
FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES
Complimentary Edition
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE PROJECTION
Anggaran Perbelanjaan Aset Tetap
BASIQUE PANCAKE CAFE ENTERPRISE
Capital Expenditure
Types of Fixed Assets Estimated Cost (RM)
Administrative/Organisation
Land & Building
Office Furniture & Fittings 6,577
Sales/Marketing
Signboard 1,500
Operations/Technical
Machines and equipment 4,641
Total 12,718
Depreciation method
Straight line
Fi
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URE PROJECTION
an Aset Tetap
Estimated Economic Life

(years)
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
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© 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM
PRE-OPERATING & WORKING CAPITAL
Pra-Operasi & Modal Kerja

Pre-Operating & Working Capital Projections
Pre-Operating & Incorporation Costs (one-off) RM
Development cost
Business incorporation
Deposit (rent, utilities, etc.) 2,100
Other pre-operating & incorporation costs 4,100
Sales & Marketing Costs (monthly)
Promotions and advertising 200
Salaries, Wages, EPF & SOCSO 2,295
General & Administrative Costs (monthly)

Operations & Technical Costs (monthly)

Purchase of Raw Materials/Goods 1,766
Carriage Inwards
Operational Overhead 4,098
Other Expenditure (annually)

Worker's Uniform 200
Healthcare Consultation, Vaccine and Medicine 900
Office supplies 646
Total Pre-Operations & Working Capital Expenditure 28,812
Annual Increase in Working Capital (if any)

Year 2 5%
Year 3 5%
5%
5%
Tax Rates
Year 1 26%
Year 2 26%
Year 3 26%
26%
26%
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Fi © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM
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KING CAPITAL
SALES & PURCHASES
Jualan & Bellian
Sales & Purchase Projections
Sales Projections RM Purchase Projections RM

January 2019 31,464 January 2019 1,766
February 2019 32,220 February 2019 1,810
March 2019 31,558 March 2019 1,811
April 2019 29,580 April 2019 1,773
May 2019 35,230 May 2019 1,979
June 2019 34,800 June 2019 1,955
July 2019 33,632 July 2019 1,889
August 2019 32,860 August 2019 1,846
September 2019 30,520 September 2019 1,714
October 2019 28,780 October 2019 1,617
November 2019 38,690 November 2019 2,173
December 2019 42,900 December 2019 2,410
Total 2019 402,234 Total 2019 22,743
Total 2020 442,457 Total 2020 25,016
Total 2021 508,826 Total 2021 28,768
Sales Collections Purchase Payments

In the month of sales 100% In the month of purchase 40%
One month after sales 0% One month after purchase 60%
Two months after sales 0% Two months after purchase 0%
Ending Inventory of Raw Materials RM Ending Inventory of Finished Goods RM

End of 2019 500 End of 2019 3,000
End of 2020 700 End of 2020 3,500
End of 2021 1,000 End of 2021 4,000
1,200 4,500
1,400 5,000
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Fin © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM
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PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION COST
Kos Pelaksanaan Projek

Project Implementation Cost
Capital Expenditure Cost Sources of Financing

Land & Building 0 Existing asset
Office Furniture & Fittings 6,577 Hire-purchase
0 0 Existing asset
0 0 Hire-purchase
0 0 Cash
Signboard 1,500 Cash
0 0 Cash
0 0 Cash
0 0 Cash
Machines and equipment 4,641 Hire-purchase
0 0 Cash
0 0 Cash
0 0 Cash
Working Capital 1 months
Sales & Marketing Costs (monthly) 2,495 Cash
General & Administrative Costs (monthly) 5,163 Cash
Operations & Technical Costs (monthly) 13,208 Cash
Pre-Operating & Incorporation Costs (one-off) 6,200 Cash
Other Expenditure (annually) 1,746 Cash
Provision for Contingencies 5% 1,989 Cash
TOTAL 43,519
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F © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM
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Complimentary Edition SOURCESSumber
OF PROJECT FINANCING
Pembiayaan Projek
Sources of Project Financing
Own Contributions
Capital Expenditure Cost Loan Hire-Purchase
Cash Existing F. Assets
Land & Building 0 -
Office Furniture & Fittings 6,577 6,577
0 0 -
0 0 -
0 0 -
Signboard 1,500 1,500
0 0 -
0 0 -
0 0 -
Machines and equipment 4,641 4,641
0 0 -
0 0 -
0 0 -
Working Capital
Sales & Marketing Costs (monthly) 2,495 2,495
General & Administrative Costs (monthly) 5,163 5,163
Operations & Technical Costs (monthly) 13,208 13,208
Pre-Operating & Incorporation Costs (one-off) 6,200 6,200
Other Expenditure (annually) 1,746 1,746
Provision for Contingencies 1,989 1,989
TOTAL 43,519 32,301 0 0 11,218
Proposed Terms of Loan (if required) Proposed Terms of Hire-Purchase (if required)
Interest rate 7% Interest rate 5%

Loan tenure (years) 10 Tenure (years) 5
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LOAN AMORTIZATION & HIR
Jadual Bayaran Balik Pin
LOAN AMORTIZATION SCHEDULE
Amount (RM) 0
Interest Rate 7%
Duration (yrs) 10
Method Annual Rest
Instalment Payments
Year
Principal Interest Annual Payments
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - 0
3 - - 0
4 - - 0
5 - - 0
6 - - 0
7 - - 0
8 - - 0
9 - - 0
10 - - 0
11 - - 0
12 - - 0
13 - - 0
14 - - 0
15 - - 0
16 - - 0
17 - - 0
18 - - 0
19 - - 0
20 - - 0
FinePlanner
RTIZATION & HIRE-PURCHASE SCHEDULES
Jadual Bayaran Balik Pinjaman & Sewa-Beli
CHEDULE HIRE-PURCHASE REPAYMENT SCHEDULE
Amount (RM) 11,218
Interest Rate 5%
Duration (yrs) 5
Bayaran Ansuran
Principal Balance Tahun
Pokok Faedah BayaranTahunan
- 0 - - -
- 1 2,244 561 2,805
- 2 2,244 561 2,805
- 3 2,244 561 2,805
- 4 2,244 561 2,805
- 5 2,244 561 2,805
- 6 0 0 -
- 7 0 0 -
- 8 0 0 -
- 9 0 0 -
- 10 0 0 -
- 11 0 0 -
- 12 0 0 -
- 13 0 0 -
- 14 0 0 -
- 15 0 0 -
- 16 0 0 -
- 17 0 0 -
- 18 0 0 -
- 19 0 0 -
- 20 0 0 -
ULES
EDULE
Baki Pokok
11,218
8,975
6,731
4,487
2,244
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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Complimentary Edition DEPRECIATION OF FIXE
Susutnilai Aset Tetap
Type of Fixed Asset Office Furniture & Fittings
Cost (RM) 6,577
Depreciation Method Straight Line
Economic Life (yrs) 5
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
Depreciation Depreciation
0 - - 6,577
1 1,315 1,315 5,262
2 1,315 2,631 3,946
3 1,315 3,946 2,631
4 1,315 5,262 1,315
5 1,315 6,577 -
6 0 0 -
7 0 0 -
8 0 0 -
9 0 0 -
10 0 0 -
Type of Fixed Asset 0

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -
Type of Fixed Asset Signboard

Cost (RM) 1,500
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - 1,500
1 300 300 1,200
2 300 600 900
3 300 900 600
4 300 1,200 300
5 300 1,500 -
6 0 0 -
7 0 0 -
8 0 0 -
9 0 0 -
10 0 0 -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -
Type of Fixed Asset Machines and equipment

Cost (RM) 4,641
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - 4,641
1 928 928 3,713
2 928 1,857 2,785
3 928 2,785 1,857
4 928 3,713 928
5 928 4,641 -
6 0 0 -
7 0 0 -
8 0 0 -
9 0 0 -
10 0 0 -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -
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ON OF FIXED ASSETS
utnilai Aset Tetap

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -

Cost (RM) 0
Annual Accumulated
Year Book Value
0 - - -
1 - - -
2 - - -
3 - - -
4 - - -
5 - - -
6 - - -
7 - - -
8 - - -
9 - - -
10 - - -
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PVIFA= 0.5083
7.0235815409
Loan amt Principal Int annual paym

1 0 - - -
2 - - 0
3 - - 0
4 - - 0
5 - - 0
6 - - 0
7 - - 0
8 - - 0
9 - - 0
10 - - 0
11 - - 0
12 - - 0
13 - - 0
14 - - 0
15 - - 0
16 - - 0
17 - - 0
18 - - 0
19 - - 0
20 - - 0
- -
Balance
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

MONTH Pre-Operations January February
CASH INFLOW
32,301
Capital (Cash)
Loan 0
Cash Sales 31,464 32,220
Collection of Accounts Receivable 0 0
TOTAL CASH RECEIPT 32,301 31,464 32,220
CASH OUTFLOW
Pre-operating & Incorporation Expenditure 6,200

Sales & Marketing Expenditure 2,495 2,495
General & Administrative Expenditure 5,163 5,163
Operations & Technical Expenditure 12,148 13,226
Other Expenditure 1,746
Purchase of Fixed Assets 1,500
Hire-Purchase Repayment:
Principal 187 187
Interest 47 47
Loan Repayment:
Principal 0 0
Interest 0 0
Tax Payable 0 0
TOTAL CASH OUTFLOW 7,700 21,786 21,117
CASH SURPLUS (DEFICIT) 24,601 9,678 11,103
BEGINNING CASH BALANCE 24,601 34,279
ENDING CASH BALANCE 24,601 34,279 45,382
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PRO-FOR
2019 MONTHLY CASH FLOW
March April May June July
31,558 29,580 35,230 34,800 33,632

0 0 0 0 0
31,558 29,580 35,230 34,800 33,632
2,495 2,495 2,495 2,495 2,495

5,163 5,163 5,163 5,163 5,163
13,252 13,238 13,297 13,411 13,371
187 187 187 187 187

47 47 47 47 47
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
21,144 21,130 21,189 21,303 21,262
10,414 8,450 14,041 13,497 12,370
45,382 55,796 64,246 78,287 91,784
55,796 64,246 78,287 91,784 104,154
PRO-FORMA CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Aliran Tunai Pro-forma
August September October November December
32,860 30,520 28,780 38,690 42,900

0 0 0 0 0
32,860 30,520 28,780 38,690 42,900
2,495 2,495 2,495 2,495 2,495

5,163 5,163 5,163 5,163 5,163
13,314 13,235 13,117 13,281 13,710
187 187 187 187 187

47 47 47 47 47
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 37,659
21,206 21,127 21,009 21,173 59,260
11,654 9,393 7,771 17,517 (16,360)
104,154 115,808 125,201 132,972 150,489
115,808 125,201 132,972 150,489 134,129
EMENT
2019 2020 2021
32,301 0 0
0 0 0
402,234 442,457 508,826
0 0 0
434,535 442,457 508,826 0 0
6,200
29,940 31,437 33,009 0 0
61,956 65,054 68,306
158,601 167,821 177,894
1,746 1,833 1,925
1,500
2,244 2,244 2,244

561 561 561
0 - -
0 - -
37,659 44,861 58,015
300,406 313,811 341,955 0 0
134,129 128,646 166,871 0
0 134,129 262,775
134,129 262,775 429,646
PRO-FORMA INCOME STATEMENT

Penyata Pendapatan Pro-forma
Years 2019 2020 2021
Sales 402,234 442,457 508,826
Less: Cost of Sales (Notes 1 & 2) 157,475 169,413 180,274 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Gross Profit 244,759 273,044 328,552 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Less: Expenditure
Pre-Operating & Incorporation Expenditure 4,100
General & Administrative Expenditure 61,956 65,054 68,306 0 0
Sales & Marketing Expenditure 29,940 31,437 33,009 0 0
Other Expenditure 1,746 1,833 1,925

Interest on Hire-Purchase 561 561 561
Interest on Loan 0 0 0
Depreciation of Fixed Assets 1,615 1,615 1,615
Total Expenditure 99,918 100,500 105,417
Net Income Before Tax 144,840 172,543 223,135 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Tax 37,659 44,861 58,015 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Net Income After Tax 107,182 127,682 165,120 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Accumulated Net Income 107,182 234,864 399,984 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Note 1
Cost of Sales
Opening Inventory of Finished Goods 0 3,000 3,500
Add: Total Production Cost (Note 2) 160,475 169,913 180,774
0
Less: Ending Inventory 3,000 3,500 4,000
157,475 169,413 180,274 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Note 2
Raw Materials 0 0 0
2021
Opening Inventory 0 500 700
Add: Current Year Purchases 22,743 25,016 28,768 0 0
Add: Carriage Inwards 0 0 0 2021
Less: Ending Inventory 500 700 1,000
2020
2019
- 200,000 400,000
PRO-FORMA BALANCE SHEET

Kunci Kira-Kira Pro-forma
2019 2020 2021 Main Menu
ASSETS Pro-forma Cash Flow Statement
Non-Current Assets (Book Value) Pro-forma Income Statement

Land & Building 0 0 0 Pro-forma Balance Sheet
Other Fixed Assets 10,175 7,631 5,087 Financial Performance
Other Assets
Deposit 2,100 2,100 2,100
SUMMARY
12,275 9,731 7,187 0 0
Current Assets 2019
Inventory of Raw Materials 500 700 1,000 2020
Inventory of Finished Goods 3,000 3,500 4,000 2021
Accounts Receivable 0 0 0
Cash Balance 134,129 262,775 429,646
137,629 266,975 434,646 0 0
TOTAL ASSETS 149,904 276,706 441,834 0 0 2013
Owners' Equity
Capital 32,301 32,301 2012
32,301
Accumulated Income 107,182 234,864 399,984 #VALUE! #VALUE!
139,483 267,165 432,285 #VALUE! #VALUE! Equity
2011
Long-Term Liabilities Liabilitie
Loan Balance 0 0 0 Sales
Hire-Purchase Balance 8,975 6,731 4,487 #VALUE! #VALUE! 2010

8,975 6,731 4,487 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable 1,446 2,810 5,061 2009
TOTAL EQUITY & LIABILITIES 149,904 276,706 441,834 #VALUE! #VALUE! 0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000
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Complimentary Edition FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Prestasi Kewangan
Financial Ratio Analysis 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
LIQUIDITY
Current Ratio 95 95 86 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Quick Ratio (Acid Test) 93 94 85 #VALUE! #VALUE!
EFFICIENCY
Receivable Turnover NA NA NA #VALUE! #VALUE!
Inventory Turnover 90 81 72 #VALUE! #VALUE!
PROFITABILITY
Gross Profit Margin 60.85% 61.71% 64.57% #VALUE! #VALUE!
Net Profit Margin 26.65% 28.86% 32.45% #VALUE! #VALUE!
Return on Assets 71.50% 46.14% 37.37% #VALUE! #VALUE!
Return on Equity 76.84% 47.79% 38.20% #VALUE! #VALUE!
SOLVENCY
Debt to Equity 7.47% 3.57% 2.21% #VALUE! #VALUE!
Debt to Assets 6.95% 3.45% 2.16% #VALUE! #VALUE!
Time Interest Earned #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Break-even Analysis 2019 2020 2021

Total projected sales(RM) 402,234 442,457 508,826
Total variable costs (cost of sales) 157,475 169,413 180,274 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Contribution margin 244,759 273,044 328,552 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Contribution margin ratio 61% 62% 65% #VALUE! #VALUE!
Fixed costs 99,918 100,500 105,417
Total costs 257,394 269,914 285,691 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Net Profit 144,840 172,543 223,135 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Break-even sales 164,205 162,857 163,258 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Percentage of break-even to sales 41% 37% 32% #VALUE! #VALUE!
Current Ratio Quick Ratio (Acid Test)

96 94
94 92
92 90
90
88
88
86
86
84
84
82 82
80 80
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2019 2020 2021 2022 202
Receivable Turnover Inventory Turnover

90
10
9 80
8 70
7 60
6 50
5 40
4
30
3
20
2
1 10
0 0
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Gross Profit Margin Net Profit Margin

65% 35%
64% 30%
63% 25%
62% 20%
61% 15%
60% 10%
Gross Profit Margin Net Profit Margin
65% 35%
64% 30%
63% 25%
62% 20%
61% 15%
60% 10%
59% 5%
58% 0%
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2019 2020 2021 2022 202
Return on Assets Return on Equity

80% 80%
70% 70%
60% 60%
50% 50%
40% 40%
30% 30%
20% 20%
10% 10%
0% 0%
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2019 2020 2021 2022 20
Debt to Equity Debt to Assets
8% 7%
7% 6%
6% 5%
5% 4%
4%
3%
3%
2%
2%
1% 1%
0% 0%
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2019 2020 2021 2022 20
Time Interest Earned

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
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MANCE
Main Menu 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Pro-forma Cash Flow Statement Current Ratio 95 95 86 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Pro-forma Balance Sheet 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Financial Performance Quick Ratio (Acid Test) 93 94 85 #VALUE! #VALUE!
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Receivable Turnover NA NA NA #VALUE! #VALUE!
PAYBACK PERIOD FOR 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

START-UP FUND Inventory Turnover 90 81 72 #VALUE! #VALUE!
Less than 1 year 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Gross Profit Margin 61% 62% 65% #VALUE! #VALUE!
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Net Profit Margin 27% 29% 32% #VALUE! #VALUE!
INTERNAL RATE OF 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Return on Assets 72% 46% 37% #VALUE! #VALUE!
RETURN (IRR)
264%
TIME TO BREAK-EVEN
Less than 1 year
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Quick Ratio (Acid Test) Return on Equity 77% 48% 38% #VALUE! #VALUE!
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Debt to Equity 7% 4% 2% #VALUE! #VALUE!
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Debt to Assets 7% 3% 2% #VALUE! #VALUE!
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Time Interest Earned #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #VALUE! #VALUE!
19 2020 2021 2022 2023
Inventory Turnover
9 2020 2021 2022 2023
Net Profit Margin

Net Profit Margin
019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Return on Equity
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Debt to Assets
019 2020 2021 2022 2023

BRIEF REPORT
TIME TO BREAK-EVEN
Less than 1 year

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BRIEF REPORT
PAYBACK PERIOD FOR START-UP FUND
Less than 1 year

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\
BRIEF REPORT
INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN (IRR)
264%
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BRIEF REPORT
TOTAL PROJECT COST
RM
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BRIEF REPORT
TOTAL PROJECT COST
43,519
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BRIEF REPORT
SOURCES OF FINANCING
Cash
Existing F. Assets
Loan
Hire-Purchase
Total
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BRIEF REPORT
SOURCES OF FINANCING
RM32,301
RM0
RM0
RM11,218
RM43,519
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09 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BRIEF REPORT
CASH BALANCE
2019 RM
2020 RM
2021 RM
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BRIEF REPORT
CASH BALANCE
134,129
128,646
166,871
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BRIEF REPORT
NET INCOME BEFORE TAX
2019 RM
2020 RM
2021 RM
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BRIEF REPORT
T INCOME BEFORE TAX
144,840
172,543
223,135
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Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BRIEF REPORT
OWNERS' EQUITY (ACCUMULATED
2019 RM
2020 RM
2021 RM
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BRIEF REPORT
NERS' EQUITY (ACCUMULATED)
139,483
267,165
432,285
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009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BRIEF REPORT
TOTAL ASSETS & LIABILITIES (ACCUMULA
ASSETS
2019 RM
2020 RM
2021 RM
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BRIEF REPORT
TOTAL ASSETS & LIABILITIES (ACCUMULATED)
ASSETS LIABILITIES
149,904 RM 10,421
276,706 RM 9,541
441,834 RM 9,548
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BRIEF REPORT
ESTIMATED MONTHLY LOAN PAYME
RM 0
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BRIEF REPORT
MONTHLY LOAN PAYMENT
per month
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mail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BRIEF REPORT
ESTIMATED MONTHLY HIRE-PURCHASE P
RM
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BRIEF REPORT
ESTIMATED MONTHLY HIRE-PURCHASE PAYMENT
234 per month

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FinePlan
FINANCIAL PLANNING PACKAGE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES
PROF. MADYA DR. ISMAIL AB.WAHAB, MALAYSIAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT CENTRE (MEDEC),
FACULTY OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, SHAH ALAM, SELANGO R

FinePlanner is an MS Excel-based financial planning package for generating comp
professional and presentable financial projections for start-up entrepreneurs and
Based on market survey and assumptions, FinePlanner generates cash flow, inco
sheet forecasts for up to five years ahead. It makes it suitable for managers and e
knowledge in finance and accounting and who have no previous experience in fin
planning.

Objective
FinePlanner is a tool that can assist small and medium-sized entrepreneurs in the
professional, comprehensive and presentable financial projections for business s
Novelty
Dual language: English and Malay Generate comprehensive and presentable fina
years
Suitable for businesses engaged in manufacturing, trading or services
Suitable for incorporated or unincorporated businesses
Suitable for all levels of existing and potential entrepreneurs: students & graduat
corporate entrepreneurs, rural entrepreneurs, agro entrepreneurs, etc.
USER 'S GUIDE
FinePlan
FINANCIAL PLANNING PACKAGE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES
PROF. MADYA DR. ISMAIL AB.WAHAB, MALAYSIAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT CENTRE (MEDEC),
FACULTY OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, SHAH ALAM, SELANGO R

FinePlanner is an MS Excel-based financial planning package for generating comprehensive, highly
professional and presentable financial projections for start-up entrepreneurs and small business operators.
Based on market survey and assumptions, FinePlanner generates cash flow, income statement and balance
sheet forecasts for up to five years ahead. It makes it suitable for managers and entrepreneurs with minimal
knowledge in finance and accounting and who have no previous experience in financial or business
planning.

Objective
FinePlanner is a tool that can assist small and medium-sized entrepreneurs in the preparation of
professional, comprehensive and presentable financial projections for business start-up and expansion.
Novelty
Dual language: English and Malay Generate comprehensive and presentable financial projection up to five
years
Suitable for businesses engaged in manufacturing, trading or services
Suitable for incorporated or unincorporated businesses
Suitable for all levels of existing and potential entrepreneurs: students & graduates entrepreneurs,
corporate entrepreneurs, rural entrepreneurs, agro entrepreneurs, etc.
Getting Started
Before you start the planning process, select the language by clicking “English” or “Malay” buttons planning period.
v Select the planning period (3 or 5 years).
v Choose first year of planning period and first month of planning period.
v Select the legal form of business (private limited company or sole-proprietorship and others)
v Select nature of business (manufacturing, trading/distribution or service)
Financial Forecasting
v Click Capital expenditure projections menu for entering the projected cost of each fixed assets required for
business. Please key in the cost of new fixed assets and/or the market value for existing fixed assets (if an
Determine the number of years of economic or productive life for each asset (except land & building). The econo
life of an asset refers to the period (normally expressed in number of years) whereby the asset can be economic
used i.e. without much maintenance or breakdowns.
v Next, select the depreciation method for all assets. The recommended method for calculating depreciation is eit
straight-line or declining balance. The simplest and most commonly used is straight line method. It is calculated
taking the purchase or acquisition price of an asset subtracted by the salvage value divided by the total produc
years the asset can be reasonably expected to benefit the company [called “useful life” in accounting jargon].
planning purposes, the salvage value can be zero. The declining method of depreciation accelerates deprecia
faster than the straight-line method because it bases each year's depreciation on the assets’ previous-year net b
value.
v Go back to the main menu.
Projection of Pre-operating and Working Capital Expenditure
v First, determine the pre-operating and incorporation costs. The pre-operating cost can includes busin
registration and licences, legal fees , stamp duties etc.
v Next, estimate the sales and marketing costs, general and administrative costs, and operations and techni
costs. These costs are incurred every month and are generally known as working capital. Other costs which are
paid monthly but are incurred every year can be included under other expenditure (annually) category such
payment of road tax and insurance for motor vehicles, licences etc.
v Estimate the increment rate for working capital expenditure (if any). Next, choose the current and estimated rates
corporate taxation from the list. The system will only calculate the amount of tax for private limited company.
Projections for Sales and Purchases
v Fill in the sales projections table. Sales (or revenues) refers to the sales forecast derived from the
marketing plan. It is the total of forecasted cash and credit sales for each year throughout the planned
period. Sales are to be forested monthly (first planning year) and annually (after first year).
v The amount of monthly purchases in the purchase Projections table should be equal to the amount
purchases that have been projected in the working capital section under operations and technical cos
category.
v If there some credit sales or purchases, choose the percentage of credit sales collections and credit
purchase payments in the columns provided.
v Next, estimate the ending inventory of raw materials and finished goods (for manufacturing
businesses only). For trading and distribution businesses, the ending inventory figures are to be entered
the ending inventory of finished goods column only. It is assumed that there is no ending inventory fo
businesses involved in service industry. If your businesses are involved in both trading and service
activities, please select trading/distribution category under nature of business in the main menu.
Project Costs and Financing

v The project cost is the total cost of implementation of the proposed project. The project cost schedul
incorporates both long and short terms expenditure needed to start the business. The components of th
schedule include capital expenditure, working capital, pre-operating and incorporation costs, other
expenditure and provision for contingency.
v The sources of financing schedule shows various sources of finance available to fund the business.
These could be internal and external sources of finance. The internal sources of finance include equity
contributions in cash and/or existing assets. External sources may include term loan and hire purchase
For planning purposes, other sources such as grants and money borrowed from individuals should be
considered as own cash contributions. For each asset and working capital required, p lease choose the
type of financing from the list provided in the sources of financing column.
v The amount of working capital is dependent upon the period until the business can generate enough
sales to cover its short-term expenditure. Therefore, the amount of working capital needed could be in th
range of one to six months. Please select the number of months from the list provided in relevant colum
v The final component of the project cost is provision for contingency. This cost is added to the total cost of
other four components based on a certain percentage (usually between 5 to 10 percent). The reason for includ
contingency cost in the project implementation cost schedule is to take care of any variance of the actual from
budgeted expenditure. For example, if the cost of materials increases during the planned period, the firm can uti
this fund to cover the extra cost without having to search for new funding.
This section presents the supporting schedules relating to the information that have been provided in the forecasting secti
The schedules are project cost and sources of funds summary, fixed assets and depreciation schedules, and loan amortizati
schedule.
REPORTS AND ANALYSIS
This section presents the pro-forma financial statements and analysis of the financial performance and position of the propo
project.
Pro-forma cash flow statement
v Pro forma cash flow statement refers to the projected statement of cash inflows and outflows throughout the plan
period. Under normal circumstances, the pro forma cash flow statement is prepared between three to five consecutive ye
with monthly details for the first year. The pro forma cash flow statement shows the following information:
· Cash inflows – the projected amount of cash flowing into the company.
· Cash outflows – the projected amount of cash flowing out of the company.
· Cash deficit or surplus – the difference between cash inflows and cash outflows.
· Cash position – the beginning and ending cash balances for a particular period.
v The pro forma income statement shows the expected profit for the planned period. The statement shows the
following information:
· Gross profit
· Net profit
v Gross profit is the gross margin realised after deducting the cost of goods sold from sales. It represents the
amount of profit before deducting other operating expenditure such as administration expenditure, marketing
expenditure, operations expenditure (for a trading entity), interest charges, depreciation charges on fixed assets
(except for a manufacturing concern) and other miscellaneous expenditure incurred throughout the year in orde
to obtain the net profit before tax.
v While the pro forma income statement shows the financial performance of the company for the planned peri
the pro forma balance sheet shows the financial position of the company at a specific point in time in terms of
assets owned and how those assets are financed. The pro forma balance sheet is prepared for a period of three
years.
v The general elements of the pro forma balance sheet include:

· assets
· owner’s equity
· liabilities
v Assets are the economic resources of a business that are expected to be of benefit in the future. Assets report
in the balance sheet are generally categorised into two categories: non-current and current assets.
v Non-current assets include fixed assets and other assets that are owned and usually held to produce product
services. These assets are not intended for sale in the short term. Examples: property, plant, machinery, equipme
vehicles, major renovations and long-term investments. For fixed assets, the values shown in the balance sheet a
the book value i.e. the original cost less the accumulated depreciation.
v Current assets are short-term assets that can be converted into cash within a year. Examples: cash, inventorie
(raw materials, work-in-process and/or finished goods), receivables and other short-term investments.
v Owners’ equity refers to capital contributions from the owners or shareholders in terms of cash or assets plus
the accumulated amount of net income. However, if the business suffers a loss, the amount of loss will be deduc
from the capital contributions.
v Liabilities are the amounts owed by the business to outsiders. They are categorised as non-current (long-term
and current liabilities.
v Non-current or long-term liabilities refer to the long-term obligations of the business that mature in a period
more than one year. They usually include long-term loans as well as hire purchase.
v Current liabilities refer to the short-term obligations of the business that mature within a period of less than a
year. The most common forms of current liabilities are accounts payable and accrued payments
Financial Analysis
v Financial analysis is a technique of examining financial statements to help the entrepreneur analyse the financ
position and performance of the business.
v Financial analysis involves two basic steps: generating the information from the financial statements and
interpreting the results.
v The most common form of financial analysis is “ratio analysis”.
v Financial ratios are normally used to compare figures from the financial statement with other figures, so that t
true meaning of financial pictures can be obtained.
v There are various financial ratios that the entrepreneur can look at. However, the most commonly considered
ratios in small business decision-making fall into four categories: liquidity, efficiency, profitability and solvency.
v Liquidity Ratio: The term liquidity refers to the availability of liquid assets to meet short-term obligations. Thus, liquidity ra
measure the ability of the business to pay its monthly bills.The most widely used liquidity ratios are current ratio and quick ra
Current ratio can be determined by dividing total current assets by total current liabilities. Generally, this ratio shows
business’ ability to generate cash to meet its short-term obligations. Quick ratio, also known as the acid test ratio, measures
extent to which current liabilities are covered by liquid assets. To determine quick ratio, the calculation of liquid assets does
take into account inventrories since it is sometimes difficult to convert them into cash quickly.
v The efficiency ratios measure how efficient the business uses its assets to generate sales. The most widely used efficiency r
for planning purposes is inventory turnover ratio. Inventory turnover (or stock turnover) measures the number of tim
inventories have been converted into sales and indicates how liquid the inventory is. All other things being equal, the higher
turnover figure, the more liquid the business is. This ratio divides the cost of sales (or cost of goods sold) by the average value
inventory. The average value of inventory is derived by adding the opening and closing balance of and dividing the total by tw
v Profitability ratios are important indicators of the business’ financial performance. Investors will particularly be intereste
these ratios since they measure the performance and growth potential of the business. Some of the commonly used profitab
ratios are gross profit margin, net profit margin, return on assets and return on equity. Gross profit margin give a good indica
of financial health of the business. Without an adequate gross margin, the business will be unable to pay its operating and ot
expenses. Gross profit margin is calculated by dividing the business gross income by sales. Net profit margin is an indicatio
how effective the business is at cost control. The higher the net profit margin, the more effective the business is at conver
sales into actual profit. Net profit margin is calculated by dividing the business net income by sales. Return of assets measu
the overall return that the business is able to make on its assets. This ratio is derived by dividing the business net profit by to
assets. Return of equity shows what the business has earned on its owners’ investment in the business. This ratio is derived
dividing the business net profit by total equity.
This final category of ratios i.e. Solvency Ratios, is designed to help the entrepreneur measure the degree of financial risk that
business faces. By referring to this ratio, the entrepreneur can assess his level of debt and decide whether it is appropriate for
the business. The most commonly used solvency ratios are total debt (liabilities) to equity (also known as leverage or gearing),
total debt to total assets, and times interest earned (also known as interest coverage). The total debt to equity ratio measure
the percentage of the business’ assets financed by creditors relative to the percentage financed by the owners. This ratio is
calculated by dividing the the total debt by total equity. The debt to asset ratio measures the percentage of the business’ ass
financed by creditors relative to the percentage financed by the entrepreneur. This ratio is calculated by dividing the total deb
by total assets. Times interest earned ratio measures the number of times interest expense can be covered by profit before
interest and tax. This ratio is calculated by dividing total inte
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What are the main types of financial ratios discussed?

©2009 Ismail Ab.

Wahab, Malaysian Entrepreneurship Development Centre (MEDEC), Universiti Teknologi MARA

Name of Business/Company USER'S GUIDE

Complimentary Edition FinePlanner

Project Cost and Sources of Finance Summary

Types of Fixed Assets Estimated Cost (RM)

Estimated Economic Life

BASIQUE PANCAKE CAFE ENTERPRISE

General & Administrative Costs (monthly)

Operations & Technical Costs (monthly)

Other Expenditure (annually)

Annual Increase in Working Capital (if any)

Sales Projections RM Purchase Projections RM

Sales Collections Purchase Payments

Ending Inventory of Raw Materials RM Ending Inventory of Finished Goods RM

Fin © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

BASIQUE PANCAKE CAFE ENTERPRISE

Capital Expenditure Cost Sources of Financing

F © 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

Interest rate 7% Interest rate 5%

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset Signboard

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset Machines and equipment

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

Type of Fixed Asset 0

© 2009 Ismail Ab.Wahab MEDEC UiTM

Loan amt Principal Int annual paym

BASIQUE PANCAKE CAFE ENTERPRISE

MONTH Pre-Operations January February

TOTAL CASH RECEIPT 32,301 31,464 32,220

Pre-operating & Incorporation Expenditure 6,200

2019 MONTHLY CASH FLOW

March April May June July

31,558 29,580 35,230 34,800 33,632

31,558 29,580 35,230 34,800 33,632

2,495 2,495 2,495 2,495 2,495

187 187 187 187 187

August September October November December

32,860 30,520 28,780 38,690 42,900

32,860 30,520 28,780 38,690 42,900

2,495 2,495 2,495 2,495 2,495

187 187 187 187 187

2019 2020 2021

434,535 442,457 508,826 0 0

2,244 2,244 2,244

PRO-FORMA INCOME STATEMENT

Other Expenditure 1,746 1,833 1,925

PRO-FORMA BALANCE SHEET