Acpml Plant Fire Fighting Philosophy
Acpml Plant Fire Fighting Philosophy
Acpml Plant Fire Fighting Philosophy
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REVISION DESCRIPTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
1.0 PURPOSE
The purpose of this document is to establish the design basis of the complete firefighting
system for the project
2.0 DEFINITIONS
NFPA - National Fire Protection Association
NFSA - Nigerian Fire Service Act.
IS- International Standard
TAC- Tariff Advisory Committee
API- American Petroleum Institute
BS British Standard
3.0 SCOPE OF SPECIFICATION
This specification covers design basis and execution requirements for fire protection system
for the project. The provisions shall be made as per statutory regulations, NFPA codes and
safe engineering practices.
Harcon shall design the complete firefighting network / system with accessories of fire water
system for the project.
4.0 GENERAL
4.1 Contractor’s design and engineering activities listed below are the minimum requirements to
be complied with for preparation of detailed design/engineering & specifications, following the
standards and codes for each system based on guidelines given in subsequent clauses of
scope of work.
4.2 The term 'Fire Fighting System' referred here generally covers various equipment and facilities
being provided for controlling fires. These include facilities such as fire water storage tanks /
sump, fire water & Jockey pumps, firefighting accessories, fire detection & control system with
alarms, fire water piping network together with hydrants, monitors, various kinds of portable
fire extinguishers like Dry Chemical Powder type, etc., as well as sand and water buckets and
sign boards, as required.
4.3 The Fire Fighting System shall be designed to provide adequate facilities for extinguishing any
fire in the entire area of the proposed waste treatment plant. The system shall be designed
and installed as per guidelines of TAC / NFPA/ API / IS standards and also as per latest
applicable standards/ codes. The system shall be complete in all respects essential for proper
installation operation and maintenance, irrespective of whether such systems are specifically
mentioned in this specification or not.
The following fire protection facilities shall be provided by contractor, depending upon the
nature or the installation and risk involved in the facilities..
a) Fire water hydrant & monitor system, along with Hose cabinets, hoses & branch pipe nozzles.
Fixed Hose Reel
b) Water spray/sprinkler system, as applicable
c) Portable firefighting equipment.
d) Clean Agent Extinguishers, as applicable.
e) Foam based extinguishers, as applicable.
f) First aid firefighting equipment
g) Fire detection and alarm system
h) Gas & smoke detectors
i) Communication with central fire station
The Fire Protection Philosophy is based on Loss Preventive and Control. The importance of
adequate fire protection facilities for plants need not be emphasised as no plant is absolutely
safe because of the inherent hazard it carries. A fire in one part/section of the plant can
endanger other sections of plant as well. If fire breaks out, it must be controlled / extinguished
as quickly as possible to minimise the loss to life and property and to prevent further spread of
fire.
The design and layout of fire protection system shall be based on various TAC/ NFPA
requirements.
a) The Fire Protection System design shall be conceived to operate both in prevention & fighting
mode, depending on the relevant actions been selected, which can be in either manual or
automatic mode. The firefighting system shall be based on the following fighting agents.
Water, CO2, Dry Chemical Powder (DCP) & Foam
b) The proposed waste effluent plant shall be fully covered by hydrant system as per Tariff
Advisory Committee (TAC) guidelines; NFPA standards design requirements, safe
engineering practices. The hydrant system shall be capable to fight one single largest fire in
the entire complex.
c) The proposed plant has been considered as Ordinary Hazard as per TAC guidelines.
d) Based on hazard category, number of hydrants shall be based on providing one hydrant/
water monitor for every 30 m (maximum) of external perimeter of process unit plant area. For
non-plant area, hydrant spacing of 45 m (maximum) shall be considered, unless otherwise
mentioned in TAC guidelines. Hydrants and/or water monitors shall be located keeping in
view the different risks within the premises which are to be protected and ensuring effective
coverage.
e) Fire water demand for the proposed plant shall be based on no. of hydrant/monitors in the
fire water network of the proposed plant as per TAC guidelines.
f) Raw water reservoir shall be Fire Water Storage & shall be part of the fire hydrant system of
the proposed plant.
h) The hydraulic calculations of fire water network around the plant shall be checked for
adequacy to ascertain the pressure at the remotest point tapping as per TAC guidelines.
i) The maximum velocity in the system 5m/sec with minimum residual pressure at the remotest
point as per TAC guidelines.
j) Fire hydrant shall be located at a minimum distance of 15m and maximum distance of 22.5m
from the surface of equipment to be protected. In case of building, the distance from hydrant
to the face of building under protection shall be minimum 5m and maximum 15 m.
Hydrants/monitors shall be located to have easy accessibility.
Fire Water Monitors (as applicable) to be provided for tall columns, structure, towers and
equipment, height of which exceeds 15m and where it may not be possible to provide access
staircases with hydrants on landings, and shall be installed between every two hydrants.
Structures etc. with height up to maximum 15 m and accessible by hydrant shall be covered
by hydrant. Standard type monitors within the area for such equipments based on the layout
configuration shall also be considered as a part of protection.
Automatic fixed high pressure CO2 system for the cable cellar & sub-stations (unmanned),
as applicable.
Clean agent extinguishers for control room, computer room, substations (manned) etc., as
applicable.
Automatic (with deluge valve) Fixed water spray system for transformers having capacity
10MVA or above, as applicable.
Detection and actuation as per NFPA & instrumentation specifications.
Fire water spray system has been envisaged only for Empty Bag Storage.
l) Fire Detection, Actuation, Alarm and Communication System
i) Fire Alarm System, Independent , self-sustainable type, fully addressable, with repeater
panel , located at main fire station , with UPS having backup, shall be provided for the
proposed plant The design shall be as per NFPA and applicable local requirements.
ii) Detectors shall be provided in the buildings & strategic locations.
iii) Manual call points shall be provided at strategic locations.
iv) Hooter to be provided along with control from NPA Dockyard main fire station to the plant.
v) Public Address system (PA system) shall be PLC based and communication system shall be
adequate & to be provided to all strategic areas of the plant.
c) Above ground fire water piping, fittings, valves & valve equivalents shall be painted red
color, conforming to shade no 536 of IS-5.
d) The Underground ring main network system shall be laid at minimum one meter earth
cushion.
e) All underground fire water piping shall be externally protected from corrosion by wrapping
and coating (by 4mm thk single layer of tape as per IS: 10221 (E.g. PYPEKOTE) and
tested by haliday testing. Underground CS pipe shall extend up to min. 500 mm, above /
beyond grade on both sides.
f) At road crossings, fire water line shall be provided with proper wrapping, coating as a
anticorrosive treatment by 4mm thk single layer of tape as per IS: 10221 (E.g.
PYPEKOTE ) and same shall be put under a suitable Hume pipe (NP3) of minimum 2
nominal diameter bigger than carrier pipe,
g) Alternatively, Firewater piping at road crossing shall be sleeved (wall thickness of sleeve
casing pipe, fabricated out of plate material, shall be min. 6mm) with the ends suitably
sealed for preventing corrosion within the sleeved portion. The external portion of carrier
pipe as well as the sleeve shall be protected from corrosion by wrapping and coating by
4mm thk single layer of tape as per IS: 10221 (E.g. PYPEKOTE). Flushing and pressure
gauge points shall be provided on all headers.
h) There is no Radiography requirement for category D service (like low pressure utility
services of air & water), unless otherwise specified in Fire Protection Manual.
i) 1.5 to 2.0 m portions of the headers (if above ground) and the entire branch piping near
hydrants shall be epoxy painted.
j) Material for fire water piping shall be outer wrapping/coating carbon steel with cathodic
protection for underground piping and carbon steel for aboveground piping.
k) Fire water pressure at the farthest point shall be a minimum of 7 kg/cm2 after installation
of headers and sub headers
l) All fire water piping shall be tested to hydraulic test pressure of 18 kg/ cm2
m) Indoors hydrants for plant and non-plant buildings shall be provided as required.
n) Isolation Valves at every 300 m and at crossings (junctions) to ensure easy maintenance
and uninterrupted water supply in case of break down.
o) Isolation valves to be provided at every 300m and at crossings (Junctions) to ensure
easy maintenance and uninterrupted water supply in case of break down and shall be
planned in such a way that outage of any section of fire water line should not affect other
section.
p) Isolation valves shall also be provided below monitor, hydrants & tapping points on new
firewater headers.
q) Isolation valve shall also be provided for hydrant having pressure more than 7 Kg/cm2.
r) Landing valves on tech structure, platforms, columns, buildings, shall have individual 4”
isolation valve at each hydrant.
s) Gate Valve shall be used as isolation valve. Only carbon steel valves shall be used. No
Cast iron valves shall be used.
u) Long range monitors shall be provided to cover the high rise equipment etc. as mentioned
in the scope of work.
v) Each equipment shall be accessible by a fire hose as per the requirements given in fire
protection manual.
w) There may be cases where due to horizontal obstruction, a particular high equipment
may not be approachable by ordinary monitor or hydrant. Elevated long range monitors
shall be provided to take care of such conditions.
x) Suitable restriction orifice shall be provided in fixed medium velocity water spray system,
if required, to maintain the pressure requirements as per Fire Protection Manual.
9.0 MATERIAL SPECIFICATION
Material used for fire protection system shall be in accordance with Fire Protection Manual
requirements. All equipment connected to fire water system shall either be Fire Protection
Manual approved or ISI marked from companies which carry ISO certification. General
specifications for the materials are as follows:
Pipe IS-1239 Heavy (upto 6”NB) / IS-3589 Gr.410 (8”NB & above)
Fittings IS-1239 (up to 6”NB) / IS-3589 (8”NB & above)
Hydrant, Monitors: IS / Fire Protection Manual / specification provided
Hose Boxes, Hoses & accessories: IS / Fire Protection Manual / specification provided
9.1.1 Hydrant (2-way fire hydrant) shall be BIS approved with following detail
Hose: IS-636, Fabric Hose With Non Percolating Lining, Type-B, 63mm x 15 mtr.
Number of hydrants shall be based on one hydrant/ water monitor for every 30 m of external
perimeter of process units and storage tank area.
Hydrants and/or water monitors shall be located keeping in view the different risks within the
premises which are to be protected and ensuring effective coverage.
Double headed hydrants type A as per IS: 5290 on each hydrant post (i.e. two hydrant valves
mounted on each stand post) and at every 30 m center to center along the hydrant mains
shall be provided.
In case of elevated structures/building, hydrant valve & a fire hose cabinet shall be provided
at every landing of the staircase.
Extension of hydrants/monitors for spill fire (as required by Fire Protection Manual) shall also
to be provided.
9.1.4 Long Range Water cum foam monitors (electro-hydraulically remote operation).
Fire hose reels shall be considered at strategic locations around block as first aid fire
contingency.
These shall be floor mounted type and shall have water connection from hydrant network.
Each hose reel shall have 1"x 30 meter long hose with nozzle.
Suitable size of orifice plates of SS304 material of construction shall be provided before the
isolating valves of all hydrants & monitors in order to maintain line pressure in case of hydrant
line.
9.1.8 Spray nozzle
All the Gate valves (8”NB and above) shall be gear operated one of approved make. The
butterfly valves shall be conforming to BS:5155. The materials composition of the various
components of the valve shall be as under:
Body : Cast carbon steel ASTM A216 Gr.WCB (>= 2”NB)
Disc : 13 Cr facing on carbon steel
Stem : SS 410
Seat / Seat Ring : Stellated
Gasket : graphite / Non asbestos
Nuts and Bolts : A193-B7 / A194-2H
All fire extinguishers shall conform to respective IS/UL or Equivalent codes, viz. 4/6/9 Kg DCP
Type (IS: 15683 /UL 299), 4.5/6, 8 Kg CO2 Type (IS: 2878/UL 154) & 25/50/75 Kg DCP Type
(IS: 10658/UL 299) and bear ISI/UL mark. BIS/UL or Equivalent certificates of all
extinguishers shall be maintained at the location.
All the fire extinguishers should be placed in such a way that operators have to run a
maximum distance of 15 meters only.
However, contractor shall specify the numbers, capacity and location as per NFPA/TAC
requirements for Owner's review and approval.
a) Shouldered type compressed air cylinders shall be provided by contractor for breathing in
the central control room (CCR) and substation buildings, field operator’s cabins, local control
room LCR(s) for emergency use.
Minimum quantities shall be
CCR-4 no’s, Substations -2 no (each), Field Operator’s Cabin-1 no (each).
b) Air mask
Quantities shall be two nos. air masks (full vision facemasks) each for Control room &
laboratory, respectively.
The selection & providing of equipment, like portable fire extinguishers, hose reels, sand
bucket, etc., should be such that it is correctly related to the type of fire expected in the area.
The general guideline for use and selection shall be as per Fire Protection Manual
requirements
11.0 SAFETY IN SYSTEM DESIGN
Safety shower & eye wash units shall be provided by bidder, at strategic locations, for their
scope of work
12.0 SPACING AND LAYOUT
Contractor to finalize hydrant layout on plot plan, with all the requirements such as number of
Hydrants, Monitors, spray/sprinkler system etc. as applicable, are based on all statutory
requirements, considering ease of maintenance and safe approach for firefighting. Due
consideration is to be given for providing Emergency escape routes also. Hydrants are to be
strategically located to obtain maximum advantage of layout