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    Lab No2 CMT

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    SofiaJabadanEspulgar
    This document describes methods for reducing field samples of aggregates to appropriate sizes for laboratory testing. It outlines procedures for obtaining representative samples of fine and coarse aggregates from stockpiles using tools like a spade, trowel, and sieve. Samples are washed, dried, and divided using either the method of quartering or a sample divider to minimize variability. The goal is to reduce samples in a way that limits segregation and ensures the tested material accurately represents the original field sample.

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    Lab No2 CMT

    Uploaded by

    SofiaJabadanEspulgar
    292 views7 pages
    This document describes methods for reducing field samples of aggregates to appropriate sizes for laboratory testing. It outlines procedures for obtaining representative samples of fine and coarse aggregates from stockpiles using tools like a spade, trowel, and sieve. Samples are washed, dried, and divided using either the method of quartering or a sample divider to minimize variability. The goal is to reduce samples in a way that limits segregation and ensures the tested material accurately represents the original field sample.

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    LAB NO2 CMT

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    This document describes methods for reducing field samples of aggregates to appropriate sizes for laboratory testing. It outlines procedures for obtaining representative samples of fine and coarse aggregates from stockpiles using tools like a spade, trowel, and sieve. Samples are washed, dried, and divided using either the method of quartering or a sample divider to minimize variability. The goal is to reduce samples in a way that limits segregation and ensures the tested material accurately represents the original field sample.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    292 views7 pages

    Lab No2 CMT

    Uploaded by

    SofiaJabadanEspulgar
    This document describes methods for reducing field samples of aggregates to appropriate sizes for laboratory testing. It outlines procedures for obtaining representative samples of fine and coarse aggregates from stockpiles using tools like a spade, trowel, and sieve. Samples are washed, dried, and divided using either the method of quartering or a sample divider to minimize variability. The goal is to reduce samples in a way that limits segregation and ensures the tested material accurately represents the original field sample.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7
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    The key takeaways are that representative samples need to be obtained from field for laboratory testing and analysis. Proper procedure and methods like quartering or splitting need to be followed to reduce field samples to appropriate testing sizes while minimizing variability.

    The steps involved in reducing field samples to testing sizes as described are: obtaining representative sample, washing to remove impurities, air drying, passing through 1 inch sieve, making conical mound and dividing into four parts, using sample divider to further reduce sample size.

    Some of the tools and equipment used in reducing field samples mentioned are: spade for collecting sample, trowel for shaping and dividing, galvanized iron pan for handling and storage, 1 inch standard sieve for separating aggregates.

    I.

    Title: REDUCING FIELD SAMPLES TO TESTING SIZES


    II. Objective: The correct method of obtaining sample for laboratory use and for
    mechanical analysis is an important aspect of Material Testing. The purpose of
    this exercise is to obtain a representative sample for testing
    III. Materials
    a. Fine Aggregates
    - consist of natural sand or crushed stone with most particles passing
    through a 3/8-inch sieve
    b. Coarse Aggregates
    - any particles greater than 0.19 inch, but generally range between 3/8
    and 1.5 inches in diameter
    IV. Apparatus and Method of Testing
    a. Apparatus (with definition or use)
    1. Spade
    - a tool with a blade for digging, esp. one with a long handle
    2. Trowel
    - A small hand tool with a short handle and a flat, usually pointed
    blade used for spreading, shaping, and smoothing plaster, cement,
    mortar or dirt
    3. Galvanized Iron Pan
    - have tapered sides and designed for sample handling, storage,
    and processing tasks in the laboratory
    4. 1”- standard sieve
    - devices used to separate particles of 1” size of aggregates
    b. Step by Step procedure
    1. From a stock pile of aggregates, take a representative sample of sand
    and gravel. Place the materials in the containers separately.
    2. Wash it thoroughly with water so that it will be free from silt and clay.
    3. Set the samples to air dry condition.
    4. Pass the sample in the 1 in. sieve and disregard the sample which is more
    than 1 in. in diameter.
    5. Make a conical mound, flatten it with trowel, and divide into four parts.
    Take the opposite division for mechanical analysis of aggregates.
    6. In case a sample divider is available, pour the sample into the divider and
    retain the sample poured on the one side. The sample will be used then
    for sieve analysis, colorimetric test, and for the preparation of concrete
    specimen.
    V. Data and Results
    a. Final Weight of Fine Aggregate (after washing and drying):
    Weight = 10.1kg

    Final Weight of Coarse Aggregate (after washing and drying):

    Weight =10kg
    b. Observation/s
    - Each aggregate has its own physical properties which partially
    depends on how, where and when was the aggregate is stored
    or keep before it is used. In the laboratory experiment, sample
    contains some silt and clay that have been observed during the
    washing of the aggregates, which we can conclude that the
    before the bagging of aggregates it is stored in an open area.

    VI. Discussion (Report)


    1. Illustrate the “method of quartering” as a method of reducing field
    samples to testing sizes.
    2. Significance of these two methods.

    Samples from the field need to be reduced to appropriate sizes for


    testing. It is necessary to reduce while minimizing the chance of
    variability during handling or transporting. In some cases, a few
    particles on a given sieve or mesh might affect a gradation which is
    enough to alter an interpretation of the field sample and
    subsequently the entire material's compliance with specifications. The
    appropriate field sample reduction method is mainly dependent on
    the nominal maximum size of the aggregate, the amount of free
    moisture in the sample, and the equipment available.

    VII. Review of Related Literature


    VIII. Appendices:
    1. References
     Portland Cement Association (n.d). Aggregates. Retrieved from
    https://www.cement.org/cement-concrete-applications/concrete-
    materials/aggregates
     Trowel (n.d). Retrieved from
    https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Trowel
     Spade (n.d). Retrieved from
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/spade
     Galvanized Pans – Tapered Sides (n.d). Retrieved from
    https://myerstest.com/product/galvanized-pans-tapered/
     Gatenby. A., (2018) Sieve Testing
    . Retrieved from https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hub/75757/file-15588822-
    pdf/docs/sieve_std_cert_cal.pdf
     Reducing Field Samples of Soil and Aggregate to Testing Size
    (2018). Retrieved from
    https://www.codot.gov/business/designsupport/materials-and-
    geotechnical/manuals/2019-fmm/cps/CP-30s/%2810%29%20CP%2032-
    19

    2. Journal (review of related literature)
    The splitting or quartering method is used at the procedures for reducing
    samples so that the reduced sample meets the minimum sample size for
    testing, has minimum segregation, and is representative of the original
    sample. The said method is mainly used in both construction field and in the
    laboratory for the sake of knowing whether the field samples have some
    impurities that can greatly affect the finished project of the construction.
    3. Printed ASTM/AASHTO Manual
    a. ASTM D 702
    b. AASHTO Designation T 2-74
    4. Photographs

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