I

Jb. MaKctMoBnh ltdc CCCLXXVIIICpncr<e axade,nuje HaAKa u AfterHocru,

46 ucropujcrcttx rtdAaa, r;tb. I
Ode,1,er+,e 1996.
-
Glas CCCLXXVIII de I'Acaddmie serbe des sciences et des orts,
in the west against the Turks. At the time of the Battte of Marica, he Classe des sciences historiques, "Ae I 1996
wls tocatea iri trre West, at the end of his ultimately unsuccessful at- -
iempt to put his plans inio effect through direct contact with the Latins.
b-"ri"g tfru Emp6ror's absence, his son Andronikos had control of the
;6idi n"a rri, other son Manuel had control of Thessalonica. Andro- 1r

,riiiorr i,trnea a deaf ear to Ugljeia's appeal for help against-the Turks, .
..:

;;; i" ;i, father's cry to be-liberated from Venice. Manuel saved his
i;1h";, and took advaniage of the Serbian defeat on the Marica to expand
his land to the Serres, Iiglje5a's recent capital. This ambivalence in the
iiyr*ii"" policy increaset" at the time oiprotectors
Andronikos' coup d'6tats in
and the periodica)
iSzS ifzO-rgzs. The Turks, as his
""a of the legitimate ruler, becamc operrly involved in Byzantine
protectors C}TMA M. SfiPKOB'IB
lii"i*,-*fri.it *"r ifi the easier since the Emperor was forced to fulfil
fris lraisat obligations towards the Emir, Murad. The Emperor complet-ely
tort irl, reputaiion, and the presumed hel_p from the West was more dis- KOCOBCKA EyITKA y MEByHAPOIHOM KOHTEKCTy
i""t ifr"" iver behore. The ^Turks took Gallipoli once qgain and moved
-."pit"f
iir"i" to Adrianoupolis (Edirne). The only possible ba.stion. of re-
rirtrn""'- Manuel's reign in Thessalonica - was_ disparaged by his ap- Har<o uuclro gaAoBoJbHH oHr.iM rrrro 3HaMo, HIIaK He 6ucllo cMeJIu
p"i"i-""t as heir to th-e throne and his removal to Constantinople at Aa Aa y IrCT.PaDKnBarby CpnCKe 'flpolurocTur Hrzje 5r.nro r4HTspe-
TBp,qLIMO
;;; 6;;i;"i"g of this period. The so-called Tenedos War (1379-1381) coBarra 3a oKoJrlr'ocrlr y rojunra je ,4pruno go ,6r-rrne qa Kooony, 3a Me-
ae"oi"f; the f,arkest hour and Emperor John V was even forced to ac- liynrapogne oAgoce H gr.ffrno{MarcKe 3arurere, nojra cy joj rrpeixoAr.r,'u{.
k;;;l"dg; his eternally rebellious ion Andro'ikos as his heir. Disapp_oin- 8eh ron JosarHa Pajmha, y rrpBoM orrurrrl]HoM r.r Halrq,Ho lrreMeJbeHoM
i"J if,f""i"f p.""ti""ity"aeserted and re-established his authority in Thes- nprrKasy Kocoecrce 6arre, HsJro)KeHo je naeaoar+e Kacrrrifix rypcK]D( H3-
;"lo"i.;. paits of the Byzantine Empire (Thessalonica, Epiros)_ acknow- Bopa, Koje je Pajuh rrosHaBao saxeareyjyhu Jrarr,rHcr(HM npeBoA{{Ma, o
i&;J hi- ", their ruG"r and he, inde.pendent of Constantinople, waged
evacuation of
ToMe KaKo ce Mypar cnpeMao nporr.rB HqfiocryruHr{x Ba3aJra. Os uua
his"own war against the Turks. It was only with his forced rroce6uo rroilIaeJbe ,,O acT rr'rrneuajq Tlprcoa a Cep6nr.rjy".t Opa,rro Pa.ryu
the battlefield"in lSSi that the war reached an end, and Murad finally je y onojoj vyoenoj 6ecegu-cry4uj'rl o Koconcnonr 6ojy ,,yr3por(e r,r rrocrre-
h; ; unobstructed path for his great expedition against Serbia' iltare" ctasuo V noAuacJroB Kao 6arrne raqre nporpaMa cnojra< llcrpa-
,KHBaI6a x4 oBoj,oKH ce rpyAao Aa peKoucrpynrrre o[Jrer noJrrirrrrtrnax
oqrrroca !r ,q,erIeH'r{jar{a noje mperxo"rre cyAapy ua Kocony.2 H Pyaapaq,
Kosaqesnh u r<acHaju fiuc;J+ rcojn cy ce 6asunu Kocoscxou 6urnou3
HanpeSaJI{I cy ce Malse HJrII B}rrrre oKo ,,r.rHTel}Ha,r;uoualue" unlr ueby-
EprKaBHe nosaArirHe, a\H ce, EnaK, He 6r,r cuero rBpALrrH Aa HaM je oua
DacBerJLeHa !I Aa cMo y cralby 4a ns4nojrlrlro, r4lvt Aa HaBeAeMo cBe
cneuu,6u.aHe Mo'rrzBe u paero,re rco;il 611 6mz>xe o6.iacrrunlr saurro je
Ao 'FeJrr4r{or cyno6a Aorrno 6au y parrnoj ce3oH,u 1389. u orr(yAa ro ,qa

1 J. Pajzh, lIcropua, pdsrl,l,lx'b cnaBeHacuxt uapodoe'a H(runare Eoazap, Xop-

aaroa'b u III, Ee.r 1794, 25-38, o cauoj 6Nr4ra: 38-72. Yn. caAa r.r: A.
Cep6oa [. . .]
Bece:lNnorrh, Kocoscrca 6urxa g ,Icrogju loeaxa Pajuftd, KocoBcKa 6rrxa y Nc-
roprorpaQlrjr.r, S6opxrr paAoBa llcroprjcror r{rrcrr4Tyra 11, EeorpaA 1990, 59-69.
2 C. Radki, Boj na Kosouu. Uzroci i posljedice, Rad JAZU 97 (1989) 1-68;
fipeurraMflaHo y: Eoj na KocoBa - crapuja u uoeuja co3Aalsa, peA. P. Mzxa;rvrh,
Eeorpag 1992, 36f---426. Vn. w C. tnpKoBrh, Eeceda cDpa*e Pl.+noz cro zoduua
rcaatuje, Kocogcxa 6rrxa y racropr,lorpa+nit4, 7l-76.
3 lI. Pysaparl O xuesg JIaeapy, [pelrrraMrraHo Ns ,,Ctpar<wroea", Hosn CaA
188?. 1--425; EperrrraMnago y: Boj na Kocoag craTruia u xoauia co37ra1$4, I7-
-
Jb. Koaa'reauh, BaK Bpanroeuh (1372-1398), Io,qnullzr{a Hl4Kore r{yntrha
-287.
10 (1888) 215-301; npelrrraMrraHo yi EoiHaKocoBA-craryiduuoeujacasuanta,29T-
(na crp. 353-357 Aorryxe P. Muxa,a'lrha o HoBttjr4M r{crpa)Kl4Ba}5t4na)- Ilogarxe
-352
o xacHrjoj JnlTeparyptr npyxcajy gea s6opnrra paAoBa IIt{Tt4paEa y rrperxoA}r,{M
EEIIOMEHAMA.
 FI
,l

50 C. M. tsrpxoarh Kocoscra 6rrra y uebynapoAsou EolrreKcry 5l

ce Ha KocoBy noyl,y Haby 5aul oHe 3apaherHe crpaHe o Kojr4Ma noHsurro rKocoecna 6lnra je Epe.qMer AoBo.rlHo BerHK rr npranaqaH Aa 3a-
rI3 n3Bopa 3HaMO. cryxtyje reMeJburo npoyr{aBa}Le, [ocMarparbe cacBHM us6rfi736 yg npLI-
Hajneha reluKoha 14 rrperpeKa y Hainopr'IMa Aa ce norrlyHllie s MeHV cBlrx pacnono)Kl{Bux rrHcrpyr'reHara airaJnrse. 9fiHrlJro Mr-r ce ;4a
rpeqr€H,r{je 1'rnsnajy ,,\Bpoq;" !.ioaoscxe 6uffie na:ragH ce Y [€BopHoj flocJro cBera nrro je o 6suu ]raru.rcaHo He Mo,)Ke 6r.rru ropllcHo pacnpe-
rpabx{, jeg,uuou ocJroLlrrIy 3a cBe Harrre aHaJlr{oe-a pe3orroBarla o oHoMe .qal6e cTapEx H HoBrlD( yorurrreHlr\ onuca s6Hsarba y ,4yxeM rreprio,Ly.
urro jibwru nper*opwio r.r crre,qHrc. HaLrMe-, reh y roj IiI3BopHoj rpabu, CsecHo caM ce oApel(ao nocMarpalLa r.ts AarbrrFre rr ,flarrcrby yoMepuo
qaK H y rr,eHLIM uajcraplzjHlr AeJIoBlMa, HaJIa3e ce Voflrrrrena Ir HeoApe- rlolcrrln{Hsg Ka Lr3BopJ.lMa HacTaJrHlvI HenoopeJHo fipe I,IJIH nocne 6r.rtce,
bena rnpbena, ua r<roja ce oclanajy HeaAeKBarrlH rxcrpa)KHBaqICIT oA- ysaajyhu ce v ro ,ua hy lro,hr.r, MaKap r.ts nHALrpeKTHrirK rnoAaraKa peKoH-
IOBOIX{; YMeCTO KOHIqpeTHmK OKOJIHOCTI'I HaJIa3ItMO LI HaBOAI'MO OfllIITe cTpyrlrcaTn KoJrlrKo roq, ie uor1fie upe4usHr.rjy rroJraTlrFrKy napry, xoja
paoJrore
' u jour omrrtlrje HeorD(oAHe ycJroBe. MolKe rrocJryrKr-rTH Kao ocHoBa H 3a [oy3Aanr4Je TyMaqer6e r.rSBopa H 3a
Y uosuaroM nucMy Kpadba T,np'rra I TporupanuMa o,q 1. aarycra 3aKJblrqr.rBalse o oAHocHMa Ap)KaBa H Bfla.qapa y KpaTKoM HHTepBany
1389.. xaxte ce Aa je rypcKrr 4ap rrorn{Hrfi{o Muore oKoirHe 3e]\'ube a Ao' npe rz uocle 6pnrce.
tuao Ao ,,Barrrqx" (lron.qa y reKcry rznan croju ,,naruux") rpaHLIIIa KaA flpao Ha roj rcaprr-r ulropadro olreblmlr reprropr.rje ca Koje cy pe-
My ce Kpuub c!'nporcr.aBao .I-r naA ia ie no6eguo.a Cnunrso roeopu u .{'a- fPYronanu parrrrtrlH rojr.r he yqecrBoBarH y 6.rnru. na Kocooy. O,qanHo
urho IIiy |l2bernou c/to6y o x'Hary Jla:apy rasnan<yhr'r Kalto je Auopar je noenalo Aa To nr-rje ,,cpncno 4apcrno" nano je naMrl.rrra HapoAHa
ycrao H noaojeeao, y3eo cBe nPqKe 3eMrse H rroAJIo)ItHo He MaJro Iacroq- rpa4u4uja,7 3axna,myjyhu r(p'HTr-{qKHM r.rcrparKnBatbvrMa oq Py,Baprla, Ko-
HuD( crpaHa, Kao H MHore 3eM'Jbe Koie nplana{qajy 3a,nagy' raro je lrHore sa.{eggha r.r Pa.rnor Ao Harrxax caBpeMeHHKa 3HaMo Aa ro nsje Suna tttt
rlapeBe rr caMogp{Irnqe norr{Hul{o H IToKopEo nog cnojy pylcy. Eno je .u4- jegluncraeua cprrcKa I(prKaBa rojoj 6u BJraAap 6Ho Knes Jla:ap. Br.rne cy
rueM rrucqy HaJTHK Ha AfrerccarrApa MalcegorrcKor, H oH, TaKaB ocnajav, To rpn caMocraJrHe, .HarropeAHe AprKa,Be KpaJba Tnprra I, KHe3a Jla:apa
vc:IlPeMr.Io ce Kao ,,cBLq)e[H [aB" c BeJTHI(oM CLIJIOM U nO6eqonr Ha q)n' r Byr<a Epannonaha, uuju,roorlogapH Hr4cy 6urn-r jegnarcu y paHry, [rurr.r
crb senrirre. 36or lora Je rnee Jlasap ycrao ga ce 6pa,na.s cy 6urm y ,HeKoM rpajuonr !r rrBpcroM o,qHocy.E
Ilonl'napna encKa nwsvrja y nojroj je Kocorncra 6rrna neuaHqBHH Ta reprzropuja je 6una cnoxeHa, cacraBJr,eHa oA jearpa nera-
cy4ap usnaeby Ocuallnr-rja, roju ce He3aAp)rqrnBo [.u?rpe, u ,Cp6a roja cy Aarlr[6e Ap)KaBe Heuarrr.rha, 3aralr o[ ,,3elr,:r,e KpaJba ,Cre$ana", Herga-
npr-rcurerru ga Spane cnojy selrmy, nuje .nrroA KacHrrjnx pesoHoaar6a I'I rume .{paryrt'rnore o6racru, r<oja je nplrnagala yxapcKr4l,r KpaJbeBaMa
4Or\iEdrrJbdilb?. ona r.r,lla yfloPllure y HajcrapnjllM ctseAoalaHcTBuMa, y u 6una rrpeAMer crropa cprrcKr.ru( rr VrapcKlnx tsiralqapa y nojeg,unrmr ne-
cxBararar{Ma caBpeMeHHKa oee 6urrce.6 prroAuMa, u og Eocue y BeoMa npourapenoru o6rlu,y, Tar(o .qa je usy-
rHesoJba Huje y roMe lrrro 6lr raKsa BPcra oAloBopa Ha lrrlTarbe o 3eB crape geMJbe '6oca,ncxr-rx 6aHosa o6lxrarala u repraropuje [ocre-
ToMe KaKo je 4ourno go Koco,acne 6u:rxe 6ra,"ra neta.rHa. V oplo rpy' rreH,o oAy3r.IMaHe oA ApxaBe Hel.amnha noqeB on 1326. roglfire. 3axaa-
6alr noreaalta, y3 BeJuI(o cariuMalL,e o,Ha petrpoaynyje ,rJIaBH'I{ ToK Ao- .rsyjyhn yrpaBo rHM repuropajalra, roje cy ce npocrupane o4 lfeperne
rabaja. Cnojou neogpebeuoufiy, neb1"rur., raKats oAlro_Bop He noMax(e .qo Eorce Koropcxe, u ceojoj renearrorrKoj nosr-r c Helrarsuh,uua, Tapuco
Aa caslraMo H pasyMeMo I(aKo cy crnapu reKJre. Haueby rauKor ca,4p' je Morao va ce 1377. Kpyurrrue ,,cyry6r.ru neuqeu" 3a I(parba ,,Cp6.neu,
xaja rarcemc oAroBopa u Harrre EerHKe 3HarJDKe'JLe noc:rojn orpoMaH EocHu, ,Ilouopjy r.r 3anaqnnu crpaualr", Irrro ra je 4oueno _y rerume
jas. Y KpyroBlrMa crpyunarca ro je qo6po rro3nar rrpo6nelt, KojH ce Be3e ca roonoAapr.rMa repuropr.ria H,acTaJIr4x Ha py,IueBHHaMa YpgrueBor
MOIKe nopeAr.ITH ca Heje,qrHanlTtur Pa3MepaMa HJrri npI,IMeHoM pa3HI',IX BpCTa rJapcrBa r.r ruro ra je HanoAuno Aa oceaja w 6pauw 30MJ6e caoj,ux npa-
HHCTpyMeHara y ApY,mrM HayqHr.IM \:gl]CtT:lz,Jirnv:Harra. Ar<o u(q1r-rMo Aa vrro- poAnreJba ,,,I.ocllo,qe cpncrce", rar<o je rMcao y csoil.I]t nomeJl,alta.e
SHaMO Herg:I .[pOAMer AO TaHLrHHa. MOpaMO ra [ocMaTpaTr.r rl36tII,I3a, ycMe- Kapra oro noje ce rpyAHMo Mopa aMarl{ V B,aAy I.r ocraJre repl,rro-
pr{Blrrr noKr6y rrpeMa csllv noiegu]IocrHMa, onTxehr.r ce o4ronapajy- plrje ,{yuranoBor H Yporueeor qapcrBa Ii ilrpaKa3arfiz r6ltxoB. nonoxcaj
huru aucrpyues:runra. flpu rolre ce, MaKap nplrnpeMeHo, ry6u noureA r.rsrvreby oHax noju cy paroBaJrn ua Kocoay, jep ce He cMe sa6opae;lau.r
na qeJrr.rHY. onurre KoHType cy ce cacBHM Jreno BrrAerle H IpEJII.IKOM fiO-
cMaTpar6a }r3 AaJF,r4He. ---Til"*"e rroflrege sa cyA6lrny qapsrBe y apeMe qepa ypoura 14 nocJre rleroBe
cMprrl zMaJrr,r cy neh yreueJbllBailr l(pxrlrtrKe rrrKone y cpucroj Ncroprorpa$rjr.
Ocru pagona Pynapqa r Kosa.{esxha, saBeAeur{x y nan. 3, saavajarr Je Aonpranoc
J. Lucius, De tegno Dalmatiae et Croatiae, Amstelodami i666, 257; G. Fejer, C. Hoearonrha, Cp6u u Typ4u XIV u XV eexa. lIcropujcxe crAduje o npeun 6op-
Coilex' diplomatiars regni Hungariae ecclesiasticus ac civilis X/1, Budae 1834, 566- 6ana c xajesdo,M rapcKo.tl npe u nocne 6oja Hd KocoBa, Eeorpag 19603, 154-274, rAe
Diplomatitki zbornikkraljeuine Hruatske, Dalmacije i Stauoniie XVII, Zagreb cy noce6no m)trKa3aHe ,,jy:xxe cpncxe ,qpx(aBe" r ,,ceaepne cpncre AprKaBe". O no-
-567;
1981, 212-213; npeBoA y: EurKa :l.o. KocoeA 1389. zoduue, IieorpaA 1989, 169. nrjoj .rrreparypn yrr. P. Mraxa.'r.rrh, Kpaj Cpnacoz llaTrerla, Eeorpag 19892.
6 B. Bopoerh, Cungax u naxu,no II, cpnctu rutctlu XIV-XV eercc, f;rac CKA I Vn. C. Arproerh, Cpduja .yotu furnce fld KocoaA, KocoBcro-Meroxttjcrtl
f36 (1929) 88-89. O Caoag yn. S. Tpr.r$ynoewh, Cpna<u cped*oeexoaxu c'n:uar o s6oprNx 1 (1990) 3-20; ueru, Serbia on the Eue of the Bdttle oJ Kosouo, Kosovo.
lr.ne3y JIa3apU u l(ocoecKo^ 6oig, KpyureBarl 1968, 40-77.
. 0 Ha [pBoM Mecry cy seh qtrtffpaHa ABa L{3aopa y [perxogn]4M HarIoMeItaMa'
Legacy of a Medievai Battle, edd. W. S. Vucinich
- Th. A. Emmert,
diterranean and East European Monographs 1, Minneapolis
Minnesota Me-
1991, p. 1-17.
a 3arIlM x BehHHa Apyrnx !{3Bopa y xojrua ce cyAap cBoAr{ Ha ABe crpaHe: 'Jla3apa s C, BrpxoaNh, Ificropuia cpedn'oaenoexe locaucxe dprcaee, Eeorpa,q 19&'
Mypara. yrr. 36r{pKy r43Bopa y npeBoAy y: Eurra ua Kocoey 1389. zoduue, EeorpaA l4G-151; ncru, Cgzg1u eexav Glpunoz ucropuiu rcpo,rbeecrad. u Eoc:'tu),36opHI4R @J4-
't1889, 167-196 (,npupe4uo C. B.r4pKoBHh). aoso$cxor Sary;rrera y EeorpaAy 8/1 (1964) 343-369.
 l,-C*!
lS,,'
I i..r:

<') C. M. BrrpKoBr,rh ir
I ::l

KocoBcxa 6tnxa y uebysapognou KoETeRsry 53

Aa ,4p)KaBa Myparonrax oonaHnuja, KoJII'IKo roA ce upolllupHna Ao 1389, noTqllrbaBarbe rIeHTpaJTHaX cpncKHx o6.nacr,n a ysobenre rllltcKe ynpaBe.
Hnje rrrffAe uuana AoAr]p ca repliroptdaMa xrne3a llasapa, Byrca Epanro- Mypar je raga Morao caMo Aa rrcKyrrra 41_cprrcKY roctrIg4v qpgcIiJII{ I{a
nraha 'r-rnr.r KpaJba Cre$aua Taprrca I.to Cynapnrz,ulr. cY 6urfi paqABojenlr BaBaJrcKH oAHoc I{ o,qronapajyhe or6aeege.la Ter< uocne 1393. u 1395. rca,qa
nojacoM Tepr.rropr-rja cTapHx I{ HoBLlx rocuo,4apa, Koie He cMe 3aHeMapr4Trl cv noTflyHo OcnojeHe seltJle 6yrapcxrzx qapeBa, 3arHr{ KoHcraHTHHa
HHjeAHa aHaJrI{3a ycMepeHa Ka ToMe Aa orKprBa ,,Y3poKe H nocJre.4wIe" flpararua 14 KpaJ6; Maprca, H rberBopeHe, y ca]ruaKe Ocuannujaua je
Kocoscnd 6arme. y 3eMJTJe Byna Epaunoeuha u Jlasapeerx fiacJIe,qH}IKa,
oTBOpeH [Itr)r{cT!-,U
Meb1, rau repuToplljaMa _lnory pa3m.IKoBaru AEe 3oHe. Jerny
ce Hehd 6Lm; n"*atlo crryr'vajuo lllro rrpBe rllpcKe rrocaAe Ha--reprnropHjr'l
qr.rHe ,nocJre,4r6e ooBojeHe seMrbe: Errup a Tecanuja, Koje cy SallorreJle nercag 6pzureHoj Ha I{bcoey Hajra3rrMo rerc 1395, nocJre HuKorroJbcKe
cailrocTaraH )KrrBoT y,6pso uoc,re ,{yurarroae cMprri u y Koj.I1rMa cy cpil- 6raxd rr rusrorLarla Byxa' Epa,n'rco'suha.rs
cKe Ap)r(aBHe r:pa.qra4aje reK y Mairoj MepH orryBaHe. Ha opncry B.JlacT Ty vr*reua,qy rfe6u, iar<obe, :aMalrz- Y BIIAy s6or neponar'nohe Aa
oBAe cy rroAcehaJr-e, rrpBeHcrTBeiHo, .qanacruje o6nacHnx noo[oAapa, Ha- CV TVpcI(H Ba3aJIlr MOTJIU IA MOpanH J'IMaTLI yJIOry y yonOCTaBJbaIby' OAp-
cTajre rr3 Q[oja ocBajar{a H JroK€L'r.rr}rx Biracrqqp.rKarla (cnopenHa rpaHa #u"6*y, na u peveherry ogHoaa Jlaaapa, Byra u Tapma nPeMa Ocuau-
Her,rarrnha, flpemy6oanhlr, noroMqn Joeana Kounana Acena).lr Apyry nrljaua.'flo norolKajy oIrH cy 6r'rnu upeAoApebel$ ,ua nocpegyjy
ceoN,Ie
3OIIy q,r4H}IO je rna: ocarrvrocraJLe,Hux TepHTropuja noa JroKaJrHlIM Ar{HacTIr- A Aa ce ynnuhy. Arco 6rz ce cMeJro cy4l4't:/r no KacH?IjI,IM, OoI'e IIo3IIaTI'M
jarla uouen oA Aparama (fl,ejanosuha) na acrony, [peKo o6racrrz Pa- BpeMeHLnMa, BasaJrI{ Cy 6g17 cKJroHH Aa-I-TCKOpHCTe T!?CKY', 3arxTr'rry,
AocJraBa XnaneHa, 3arr.rrlr ByKarxunoBrix caHoBa Maprca a Angpajaura, H€Ka*U" cY 'It xytloBajrn rypcKY nouoh..r-r otnr',r cr<loHl{ Ia ce 'r6oMe [ro-
cBe Ao APr(aBe Eanurnha rra 3araAy. Y osold Aeny cnoMe[ryrof repHTo' cnyrKe y cBojlrM JIoKaJr+Irr rI cyxo6una.r6
puja-mror nojaca rpa4ffqlIje cprrcKe Ap)KaBe 6ane cy Bprro jaKe LI Ao- Ilogpy.rje Koje nocMarpaMo, 3eMrBe KoJe cy AaJre parHLIKe xpnul-
rIa3LIJIe cy Ao Ilrspasa Y TLITyJIaMa'roc1[oAaPa, y ycraHoBaMa KoJe Cy Ha- hancrcor"r ra6opy Ha KocoBY, 6une cy ca- 3arrarAa H . ceBepa oKpy)KeHe
cJrebeHe rr3 paHprjer ypeberba, y BJraAapcKHM rrpaBr.IMa HaA Ipa.qoBHMa, repuropujaua'frapcxe Kparsea'Hne, y rojoj- cy ce 6!?He ntr)oMeHe Ae-
pyAIIIII$-IMa, KoBI{LnIIaMa, AocneJiHM y pyKe HoBIix RIIacToAp'}Kaqa.r2 uli-ual6 6u* y rot'HaMa yoi.rz KoooecKe 6r4TKe. floc.re oyprg KpaJba
Y ualueu floKyrrrajy Aa pel(oHcrpyr,flxeMo noJrLrrlrtlKy Kapry yoqa 'Jly,Uonuna I Aun<yjcrcor 1382. sa KparKo gPente ce pacrao xajepapxujcra
Koconcre 5urrce .earKHo je yoqr-rrr.r .qa oBH o6tacHn roonoAaipJt, c pny- cuqreM y KoMe cy :aMalrz- Mecro rr CreQan Taplio I, rao rcpa-r Cpda
3erKoM Eanurnha, y AeqeHr{jrl youa 6arr<e ue y,recrnyjy y oAHocr{Ma u ,EocHe, KHe3 Jlasap, Kao rocrloAap HeKaAarrrrbax .flparynnHoellx re-
Meby cpncKoM rocuo.qoM y 4enrpanHal,r o.6lacr:-rlra. Mo;rga je raj sa- pr.rropuja,'rja5yre pasAopa y oA'HocI.rMa yrapcKllx u cPncKltx BrraAapa'
KJbyqaK HeCI4rypaH, rror{HBa ,rra HeflormlHocrll o6arBeu[e6a, Ha hyralby Hercagarmu Kpa.JbeBH EasaJIH rrocrajaJrl{ cy cBe caMocraJrua1fi L' U oE-
asnopd noju cy AoIIrJrr{ Eo :aac. YuaA,rruno je, anar<, Aa ce oBe repuTo- HOc!' [ra Ocra6JI'eHy rleHTpaJrlry BJracr H y -oAHocy Ha rocIIoAY y cvceA-
pLIJe He CIIOMIII5V HLI Y AYOpOBaTIKLIM apDnaBCICI{M [IO.qaqHMa' I{aKO Cy cTtsv y rroAe.rbeHoJ tpaIbeauHra-Y y rrebyco6ul-rlr q4Hoc,nnaa.r?
' ,oA
[r Te 3eMJEe nocehEBanu 4y6ponaunr-r rproBfill{, rraKo o f*,I{Ma HMa BecrH npsux
-cy ugrpaxcHBarla KocoBcKe 6r.r:rne r.r l6eHax rIpoTaIoHI'ICTa
r.r rfpe r{ nocJre KprzrlrrrKor nep?roAa K,oju pa3MaTpaMo. Y3 cBy orlpe3Hocr, 3Ha ce 4a Tapmo I u IIasap 6ranu arcru'euo VMeIuafiI'I y yuyrparurre
rcojy nana:re ocKyAr.ilIa r43Bopa, r4rraK ce Mopa parryHara c rNIa 4a je 6op6e y Yrapcrcoj Kpa,rsenr-ru*.r H Aa cy roApxcaBarrrr Irpr.rcTafltlle r3B.
Ba3aJrcKH ogproc rrpeMa OcMaHJMjaMa, yqnocraBJran FoALIHaMa nocne V Harryrrcxe cTpaHKe. Bpenei*ou je mmcOno aHrzDr(OBaI6e xpolIoJI,OIIIKa
Mapravrce 6rn-rre, r{crprao oBe o6racra }r3 rleJrnHe y rcojoj cy ce AorJIe npsqg3r.rpafio, TaKo Aa je AaHac jacno ga js roponotl npeApragrl'aJl,o 3a-
paeeuja;re. Marre pesepBe H cyNlrbe Mo)KeMo ltMaru frpeMa 3arcl6yqKy p'o6*u"*"" r.pu*tq. y rrero t:SE^g 4a ce Teprro ynycruo y ocnajarra
ra je rl?cxa BpxoBHa BJracr oBe o6uacae roonoAape u 'y Xpuatcr.ol ir Aa,r&rairirj1r ren 1387. xaAa je uporrmHraurca crpa,nra 6z-
_rLLD(qBe 3eMJbe
ogpyKrai na Ap!4'y qpaHy rl oHe cl{r!?,Ho rnnc!' Morure 6wrw y ra6opy lt" y^ o4aner.res vI Ka! je nocr'rarna sHarne yonexe.l8
KHEa Jla3apa 14 Kparr,a Toprrca.r3 On xano cv npracia,rpnre Kparr,Lilre Mapnje ys nomoh Beueqr'rje rpy'
Hs cy 3eMJr,e 6parueHe Ha Kocoiy 1389. 6prne ca lrcro-
.rar6eHr.rrre Aa Hrrcarre rbeHor 6v'qyher cyffpwa )KnrmyuAa Jlyrccelr6ypuKor' H oA KaKo
rca u jyra oKpyr(eHe reprlropiljama rypcKrrx Ba3aJra, Te Hr{cy MorJre
6MAIH7 AO.qUp Ca 3eMJr,aNra IIOI HSIOCpeAHOM OC-n aH,rr-rjCrCOlr n:raflfiy,
c,IIeA'H BilKaH 3aKjb\rqaK 4a Myparon 4rar5 1389. nuje rworao 6uru norrry.no 1{ O roue rrpyxajy [o,qarKe KacE rjr{ TypcK]{ r{3Bop}t npenaa xojrua gtcrpe;g't4'
BalI,{ C pa3nororvr raje pe3epBe, jep .recTo rrpeHoce Ha AaBr{y IlpoulnocT nPeAcTaBe o
3a najaoarje florneAe Ha r[r,rper6e ocuax.nrjcre [pxraBe y XIV aery yn. X.
10
o,qnoctrMa
" y BpeMe KaA cy reKcronr nactaja;rra.
Maraaos Or lanunonu do Jlenantro. EdJLKaHure, Eepona u ocJnalt- 6 y;. M. .4rnnn, O1aocr Bpauxoauho, llpr{ro3r KJr{o 26 (1960) 5-30 (: Cpn-
- C, Muxrresa,
cKoro Houtecr7ue 7354-1571 2., Co&ust 1988, 11-92; The Ottoman Emirate (1300- ace 3eJ4Jbe g cpied*en se?cu, BeorpaA 19?8, 148-l7D, rge je rraBeAega r'r pannja 'nvl-
ed. E. Zachariadou, Rethymnon 1993, aKTtr atTlr.rto3rlja ogpx<anor y janyapy ---- -fu
TepaTypa.
-1389),
1991. na Kpnry. o to*u 6pojxe nprn'repe sapotrr4To rlpyx<a l4cropr{ja BocHe y XV sery' Ka-
E. (Depjan.ruh, Tecanuja .a XIII-XIV aexy, Beorpa,q 1974, 237-281; D. Ni-
11 pr"a"p""t"""t
^*-*a cy ,qo".baj" rojnr npate patose 6ocaircKe rocrroAe rrpor''IB ,{y6poa-
col, ?he Despotate of Epiros 1267-1479. A Contribution to Historg of Greece in i+SO-t+12. ,t I45l-i4S+. Vn. napo.liro: l1cropuia crycqoz mapoda II, Eeorpa,q
the Middle Ages, Cambridgc 1984. 1982,218-40 r C. nupronrlh, CreQaH'BUKtuh Kociva u ite"oeo do6a, Eeorpag 1964'
u O toue yr. Moj paA naneAen y Harr. 8, rAe je naseAera AsraJrsa ntfrepatypa. 147-199.
t1 y ToM norneAy y nureparypil tr HeMa 3Harnr4je pa3nt{Ke, ocI4M y 1? Ilo,qpo6sraje rrp]tra3ago y MoMe paAy y rran' 8'
_ norneAy
o v"lE"p"6"vi, ytqop"jL cped*ieercoeue 1ocaHae dpmoae, 153-157'
baJrrrrr4ha, o veuy he 6rrr .qorgg,rje peuN,
54 C. M. Br'tprowrh KocoBcra 6rrxa y uebynapoAnou KoHTeKcry 55

je oH uaHyAl-ro ocro6obgye Krparrr.qe Mapuje ,H noryKao Brrrrr€ nlrra rre BasarcKe rroTqr.ilreHocrH H o6aBe3a. IlosHaro je aa cy ce Eeh TaAa
cBoje flpor.rrBHrrKe, Bobe HamTncrce crpaHKe 6paha Xopnaru fi Hr,aHurn o6a,Be3e cacrojaJre y nrraharly AaEKa n AaBaIly floMoihHr,x oApeAa3
flarrurrHa 6utu.cy rrp]rrcrlrseHr.r Aa KoA Kp?,,rr,a Toprna I norpaxte- yro- Oryga jd y n-aruev rpararr,y 3a AlInJIoMarcKHM npeAurpaMa Ko-
qrflxTe H HacrojanH cy Aa y3 rberoBy rroMoh noBpare nosHrIuje v vrap- coBcKe 6arr<e norpe6Ho o6parrrH [a)KII6Y cnu|r MyparoBl'nM Kopaq]xMa
cKoj.re Itronapusarluja Meliy nreMcrBoM lr BeJr,rrKarrrrr{Ma jcrru ce s,urue rpeMa 3a[raAY, BoAehH npu roMe paqyHa o w]I'eH]r,lIH Aa cy ryPcKH OA-
npqAv6llrra, a TBprKo je npey:eo BoAehy yrrory y 6op6u 3a mpaBa JIa- peAr.r qecTo AocneBaJrq y vn*u"" o6:racru Ha IIo3HB 3aBabeHI4( CynaP-
llncJraBa Haul'mcrcor, qLIHa y6ujeHor KpaJba Kapla [pa"rxor. On je, nogp- IrHKa Kao [oMohEa LI caBe3HIzrIKa BojcKa, I{ ,qa cBaKu y II3BopI'IMa c[o-
,KaBajyhu Hsanurua Xopeara, Hna:aurta flalnn<uy a rlrixoBe ca6opUe, MeHYTr.[ TyPCKH nOxOA Ur'rje uuao ocBajar{Ke I]HJr'eBe. ocranBajyhrz no
noqeo .qa ocBaja rnpbane y Xpnarcrcoj u ga norquriaBa rpanoBe y Aan- crpanu uirbro6pojne ,nppnrepe H: xacnujmc BpeMeHa, noAcerllheMo ce
rr{a,4l-Ij'u. Ca *erone Teprrropuje 3aJreraJrH cy ce KpaJbaqHHH nporil.rBHHrlrr oHora rlrTo 3HaMo o efenreuy npe KoconcKe 6I-ITKe. flpolla Jawuucrcoi
y Cna,nonnjy u CpeM, a-il:a 6e3 aeher ycnexa.zo tcpoHu4u Tolla llper$6onuh Je noasao Typne Aa My uoMolny y cyro6y
lpeg rpaj 1387, rogJ.illy u rro AaHa rpe KocoBcKe 6arre, Tepuropnja ca cyceAHr.IM Andasu4ua.ts
HamlE( caBesHrnKa KpaJba Tnprna pr KHe3a Jlasapa 6uta je oKpyrKeHa Mox<elto, Tal(obe, ocraBlmu no crpaHlr lroAarKe o [pBoM rro3na'
HenpHJaTeD_rrMa y rrflirpoKoM nyKy oA KH'HHa AO CaBe n AO rorrymla Ha roM rllpcKoM yraAy v Cp6w.iv, oHoMe H3 1381. KaAa cy {Pen a Bnro-
Aynasy. 36or rora repnropr{ja Koja he ce 6parilrrr.r ua Kocoay uraje Mrjrp flo psquMa .neionlrca ,,ws6vmu" Typne ui .{,y'6paelrraqu.}
Morna r.rMaTH Hr{KaKaB ocJroHarl Ha xpHruhaHcrcy Eoporryi, Kar(o ce qecTo To je, 6es cylrrre, "ptt.'*lt*
6rlo cylco6 JloKaJrlror KarPaKrepa u uo_Mecry-cyAapa
3aMlr,ur.rba d.I roBopfi. Er.rra je ,Bilrue HaJlrlK Ha ocrpBo oKpyxeuo ca cBlrx r{ rro JrilrilHocTllMa cPnCKarX sano,qeAuHKa. oHoMe ruro je Jb. cT Ojauonuh
crpana {rporaB}rr.ilIuMa, Ha acroKy u jyry Ba3aJr}rr",ra Ocl,raunuja, ua yrBpAHo y noce6noj paarpaBH o IJpeny H BIiroMI{Py Mox(e ce AoAarI'I
lara.qy u ceBepy cynapHrnqEMa y 6op6u 3a npecro Yrapcrce Kpa.neuaHe. Jro.Herrrro o ilopoAlrqrr- Ha rcoje IJpen nolr.rr.re, rI o Mecl-y cyKo6a jep ce
f eynnw caBe3Hrrrlar ,ailtz'_ 6ea MohH r-r yruuaia', 6nnu cy y JyxrHoj Hra- .(y6pana cnoruir,rr,e y paBarllrllKof xpHcosy':wl, rAe je uaae4ena vt ,,6wp
rruju, rAe .ie r<paisur4a Maprapara, MajKa JlaAuc.naea Hanymcr<or, 6nla r:, ,uy6pauirwrrca" .q,o P-alirra u Cranaha, rrrro He Mo]Ke. 6ryt V. Be3u ca
caBe3HrrK (DapeH,rqe. Taue ce uory o6jacurlrra TnprnoBe Be3e ca @H-' A'V6paelaqol{ na .{ynaay. Y ceny Hsnop y 1_oMe xpajy 6una je ur'rllo-
li
peqrloM y oBo, BpeMe rr jano SnpeurlrLrrcr(o aHrepecoBarte aa Yrapcxy xoAHa rlapuHa Ha nyry npeMa Eyrapcr<oj. Kal ce cBe re oKoJlHocra
r.l EannaH. Hehe 6rars nyra c.nyvajHocr lrro 6aru us onor paaqo6na y3M.y y <l6unp. uajaepoearnHj,r.xM ce qI.{HH Aa cy Ilpen E.BI.rroMI'Ip cq
sMaMo y (Dnpeu,rlu Ba)KHe asBopHe nogarKe o Hztilrl{M npajenuna.2t Ha- KpaJ,HlrrroM BoJcKoM oT6utu iypcrcy npoBarly ca-reparopnje Eyrapcre-5
c_yrrpor (Dupenqa, Beueqraja je nogpxanaira KpaJba X(a,rlryHga Jlynceu- Eaerrryarnra omlrruja noJrrrrli\IKa [osaAHHa ce He Mox(e HI'I Ha3perrl'
6yprur<or r{ KpaJhrrrly Mapujy u o"rpa6praaa.ua je la.nuaruir,cxe rpatroBe a lran-o je
-*nsneporatno la 6w. oA oBor cyKo6a
HeKa HHT BoAHJIa Ka .qora-
Aa ce oAyrupy npurrlcKy KpaiEeBr-rx H r{paJblrr{aHux Henpujare*a n 6yu- bajuua t3SS. roAliftre, lep cY ce Y MebYBpeMeHy AoroAurre MHore
TOBHHK4T ilplrre crBaPrr.
flon.ratllvKa qap]a Ao_Koje cMo Ao[rrJra y HacrojaEy Aa per(oHcrpy- .{pyru 3uarHrrjx TypcKH rlpoAop Ka 3ai[aAy He oAHocI'r ce Ha Cp-
IlIueMO noiro)Kaj Cp6uje, Eocae .H cyceAHHx 3eMaJba, HaKo HerroTmrrHa, 6r4jy, n-eh Ha oHaj Aeo ocraraKa AyuaHoBo{r IlapcrBa KojH ce Haruao
anaK rrpyx<a lroryhnoc'r Aa ce Hcupnurzje H curypuuje uurepnperufajy no,q, eralfihy Ealule II Ea.nur,nha. Ha ro nrzje 6no floxoA- rlerre eMI4poBe
o-ue ruaro,6pojne r,rH$opMarlHje o e6usa,I]jur,ra HenocpeAHo spe n rrocne BojcKe, Befi- llnaA Myparouor nojcrco'nobe -XajpeAraHa, noju je AoBeo Ao
ItocoscKe 6nuce, rcojnnra HayKa AaHac pacrroJrat(e. t<ao urro ie aeh no. 6prine rra CaypcI<onr nory r<og Eepara 1385, y nojoj cy trcwrrvlru ,[,yna
MeHyro, oA Tar{Hot' canre,qaBa}6a cueyaqr.rje V BeJrHKoj l\,lepfi 3aBHc[ pa- dpaurcu, Eanila II H rrerosu BerruKaluu. Hlnop Maepa- Op6uHa o4ne-
3yMeBa[ie uajonrurrljnx MorrrBa, jep je, Ha flpuMep, Malro BepoBarHo Aa nyg sHa 4a je ry rrorqHvo H Hsau-rtru,6pat Kpameeuha Maprca' u HaMa
6n ocnajane rep,rzro_prrje ,Morao 6int awr- noxoAa noKpeHyror rrporlrB nt*oi"arll nylpab Kpeanvnh.b He aarneAa BepoBarHo Aa 6u ce
seMaJba_ ca rcojlll,ra OcvaHnrrje ,Hr]cy tr:lraJ're aaje.4ulr.rre rpalflrrle Hlr re- "iiu"."
onaj cy4ap uorao yrcrr,yq&rrH y npeAl{rpy para Koju he goaecru Ao 6KrKe
puropujanuox AoLH.pa. Y rarcnona c.nyvajy je aeponarnlrja nperrrocrarxa
4a je q,lrJb rroxoAa 6u:ro nor.ruraaBarle BraAal)a, lra,uerarie rrnlr o6nasJr,a- Maranoa-MvxEeBa, Or Tanunonu do Jlenauro, 56-48.
22
To hronikon ton loanninon, ed. L. Vranousis, 1962, 96-100.
23
Crapu cpncgu podocJtoau u rLeronuclt, usg. Jb. Crojaxonrh, Cpeucxn Kap-
24
!9 4ecr.lo ce ro rrocJre ,6op6n xoje heuo xparro npr{ria3arT4 rra c,re4ehum c,rpa- JroBr[.r 1927, Ll?, 214. yn. Jb. Crojanomh, Ilpen u Buro,ltup, S6opnux y 'racr EorAa-
HEM . xa flonosrha, Eeorpag 1929, 356-357; B. Cr. PaAojr4tuh, Maue eojctcy cpncrcu xues
m Ina raxra yrlaAa 3zrBprur4ra cy ce nopa3oM r aapo6raaaraeM 3anoBeAur.rKa, Jlasdpe, JleronNc Marnqe cpncxe 390 (1962) 533-537 (: Teopquu deta crape cpncxe
o ueuy he jour 6rarr pevlr. ,<lslnrce alrocr1t, Tr{TorpaA 1963, 141-1414).
25 Vu. caga a M. BJIarojeeuh, Kpajutura cped*oeexoeue Cpduje, Bojne rpajt'r-
'r nopeg no3naror Srapexrr,rrcxor o4roBopa na Tsprxoao nr4cMo r,rMaMo orurrltp-
lto a3Jrararse $rpenrr,fircxe aHoHnMHe xpoHnKe, Ha Kojy je crpenyo na>rrcy Th. A. He jyrocnoBerrcxr{M 3eMJBaMa y }roBoM BeKy Ao KapJroBaqKor Mrlpa 1699. 36opt{t{x
y
!mm91t, Serbirrn Golgotha KosoDo, 1389, East European Monographs CCLXXVIII, paAoBa ca Ea)rrrror cKyna oAp)KaHot 24. tt 25. anpr.na 1986, EeorpaA 1989, 27--'46, rlo-
New York 1930, 5+-60 (rpeBoA y Eurra xa Kocoag 7389. zodut+e, Eebrpa4 1999, 1?5- ce6Ho
- 38-39.
u o,qJroMaK o Kocony y cnl.{cy Beltrama \{inianellija Ruina Damasci l.r:rr,r Vita *-U""io Orbini, II regno degti Slaui, Pesaro 1601 (reprint: Miinchen 1985),
-178)
Tamerlani, rojN je, raxofe, 6NpeuivHcror nopeKrra. Vn. M. .(rur,rh, !,aa caepe.ueuu- 292-293; Ivfagpo Op6uir, Kpaimeecra"o C.toeet+a, npeaeo 3. fIf*,qpr'rqa, Eeorp^aA 1968,
xa o 6ojy ma Kocoeg, Inac 132 (1940) 145-148. 7t, o uoier.ni^.""tit ,t irorleurxo; xpoaoaorrjlr yr. Moi xoMeHrap Ha crp' 321'
56 C. M. B:apxoerh Kocogcra 6rarxa y nre$yHapo4nou Korlrercry 37

Ha KocoBy, arra y oBoM crr\ rajy MopaMo 6uru otnpesua, jep ce o,qaBge Y uebynpelreHy je N Jlasap creKao HoBa acKycrna c Myparou,
MorV [parr{rr{ KapHKe y JraHrIy Aorabaia cBe Ao 1388. r-r r!?cKor npo.tro- o r{eMy cBeAor{e cpncKI,I Jlerofir4ca u jeAua rpqKa ,,Kparrca,-xpouura",
p4 r,r cyxo6a rog Er.r,rehe. rcoja je, ,no oaoj ilp.tlJrvrrlt4, caMo trp.eBoA cprxcKol' Jreroruca. Karco nero-
Harlve, norra6rzjolr.Earuue II oreopen je npocrop 3a ,Hacryn rse- nlrcu He npma:aj.y wcroj peaarclJuil'i u rcatco naeby rwrna nocroje pa3-
roB,or cHHoBIIa Fypba II Crpaqlruupoeuha, noju je sarocnogapub 6a.n- irfiKe y c'rvilrr3alfr41r u 6pbjv uu$opuaqHja, rrorPe6uo i9 4a I'lx 6purnmn-
rur.r'hrcr.r,lr HacJrebeM y 3errn H ca rLHM xrp,HxBarHo-Aaa nerrpujareJbcrrBa, eo pasuorpuuo. fi<vn .rolrzHbu (o,q crnopelba cnera) 6894. y--sehEHI'I re-
jeAuo rrpelra Typr,Iuua, Apy.ro rpeMa KparD-y Tnprry I. O ycrnony Fypba ronuca 3adlereiKeHo je nolrpauene cYHqa 1. janyapa, satrzlr MyparoB rro-
II Crparlurunpopraha neualro 4pvrfix Becril.r oclrM KaslrBarba rreJro3naror xoA Ha,Cp6ujy, rypcKo ocnaja,rr,e Hunta, a y HeKrrM pyl(orl1cuMa. u rlrpcKo
Op6unonor rnBopa, .raju nojq4*rlrg noAaf,Ilr Harra3e [orBpAe y caBpeMe- ocaaja*e fl;<islltBa I-r 6yrapcrcux u rPqKrzx'rpagona.s 3a-xaarryjyhlr rorue
Hoj AlrflnoMarr.rqKoj rpabu. Fypab II ce ocnoSoAuo r{3 3arBopa y ,[pauy, urrole noMpar{e6e cyuqa ea6ene)KeHo Ir Y ApYTHM u3BopI{Ma urtt4fi)eHv\H
saralr je lxrn@TaBJrao Bnacr y 3eru saunaseha ,ua [poruBJberie rrropoAurre Aa ce AaTyM uoMpaqerba Mo)Ke npoBePHru pallyHaMa I'I acTpoHoMcKEM pe'
Car<ar (3arcapuja) ll Ha Henpujarerr,crBo nopo4aqe .{yrabHna. flocne ce xoucrpyxig.riaMa; Mo)KeMo i6Hru cI{r!?HH ga je pev o ToALIHH_Igjaje no-
noMr-rpao ca ,{yraba,uuMa, a,ocJreilzo je r ynnouao CaKare. .[o>raneo ,ry,waii f . ienreu6pa 1385, a 3aBpluaBarra ce 3-1. agrycra 1386. Iloltpa-
je nenllnlr r\npcnu VnaA y Mycarcrljy rr sanelle flpava, cBe Ao Ocrpora uersd je, HalIMe,6H,'Io 1. jauyapa 1386' roArase.3t Kar<o ce V cBi'IM rlero-
u On.ororxra, a .noroM ce noMr{puo ca Typquma fioMohy .[oKJroHa a rro- *n""*L'roju 6enen<" typctri.noxol rr Jlasaper oAroBop, gorabaja 6ee
crraHcrBa. Fypab II je HajnepoearHi.rje ojavao cBoi ronox(aj rHMe urro HaBoAe rHM peAoM, rj. rrpeo noMpaserse, a oHAa froxoA, cJreArrJlo
ce opoAr.Io ca KHe3oM Jlasapo,r'r: yseo je 3a )KeHy Jlasapery rhep rcoja 6i xa ie paroBarle 6irno uslteby roqerKa roArrne u'r 31. aarycra. C.neAHno
'rsy3eTKa
je paHraje 6una yAara 3a llluurMaHa Mongancr<or (!).u 6n, rar<obe, ga onaj floxoA xlzje uorao. vr3a3r,arfi crpax n 6exarre y Ay-
Jegrnr-r qpeqreHu xpoHoJroruKn eJreMeHar y Ka3uBar+y Op6,unoeo,r 6pilaaurcoj onotrttttz, jep ce no,qauu o 6ercrny u crnamarry (orc, o6ap/uo-
llsBop? je ro4r-lna 1386, raga npe6a ya ce noMr.rplro c Typ,qraMa, CAM gelr,6ap) oAH,oce na 6895. ToAHHY oA crBapalba cBera.
3a ce6e, raj uoqarar ue 6rl sac;rylKr{Bao noBeperre, jep cy-rcoA Op6uua $eneruny o ocnajamy Hu,rua, flrosnana u 6yrapcrcr'rx -u rpqrufi rpa-
qecre rpeilrKe oA jegne ro4uHe, npoyspoKoBaHe Mo)KAa npeparryHaBa- Aotoa r.iMa caMo MaJrr{ 6poj nero'rulca, ueby rLIlMa 14 orrl 'najcrapuju. Yro'
rleM IiI3 rrmanr'rnjcre roAr.IHe y roA,ril4/ og Xpucronor: pobe*a HJrr.I 3aHe- nuro 6enore o6a lorabaja,-ouu oceajame [IrosAI-Isa a 6yrapcnux rpa-
MapHBarbeM pa3JrnKe V cru/to6u.Ma, rraqewtl,r'a rog.une. Onge, rueilyruu, AoBa craBJr'ajy uonpe4 eMr'IpoBor AoJracKa go flnovnura. ,flprxehn ce,
norBpAy rdMaMo y ,qy6poearKrrM ,qoKyMeHrrzMa, noju y jecen 1386. oae- AaKrre, pe,qa Halrrllx .nerornuca npuo 'je 6ula oneparxia y Blpapcrcoj, na
Aoqe o rypcroj odracuocru r{ roBcrpe o Typqulra KojH [ycrolxe o6nacrr.r y C$uju. Hnar<, y Be3u c rttM Becrl'l\ra aMa a3Beculllx npo6neua.32 Huje
(partes discurentium). Kano je [y6poeunK raqa ca cBHx crpaHa oKpy]KeH gajea-rriraja oronuocr Aa T,IirX BecTLI HeMa y nehulrll JIeTOJII{9a,.HexO qu-
TepllTop.prjoM KpaJbeBnae Cre$aHa Tnprna I, ra xarco cy Onororur z rseHr.frla ,qa [oAaraKo II[oBAHBy He MO)Ke 6U'tn 'ra''ta:H. IpaA je 3ay3eT
Ocrpor y roj .qpxcaBH, cKopo je uenecuo ga cy Typuw .ra\a nycro[rrrrrrr.r rlrHoro paulrie H To y Korrrel(cry 6ueuo pa:lrwrrrlx a6asama. C 4pyre
rpajeee, y joncnou u jaApaucKona saneby.?8 cTpaHe, suajyhu flpllpoAy cp[cKHx JIerOnHCa He MOt(eMo or{eKr{BaTH
Y csaKorlt cnyvajy, He3aBHcHo o.q Ka3I-IBar6a r{aparJzBHr.rx H3Bopa, Jla cv 6eretrrte $aurac:ravne LI HepeaJIHe, ilpe ce Mo)Ke MHcJILITT'I Ha
y caBpeMeHLlM [oKyMeHTr.LMa HMaMo [oy3AaH xpoHorourKu onaup: 18. n""pdrut e y yepruhuearry 6eneurne vlr:a -Ha Hery e6prcy y pynonracuoj
cenrelr6ap, Kao AaH norur6uje Eatuue II, ir orcro6ip/uoeelr6ap 13g6, Kaga rpalaqujla.-Huje HcI<.rtyrexo Aa je ,qorabaj J.I:! HeKor ApYror BpeMerla
je usasnan BelraKrr crpax_ o.q Typaxa y ,{y6ponnuKy H rseroBou eaneby. y6auen rna odoo,r uec,y. Arco je cygruu fio fInoBAHBy rpe6ano
o rypcroj rrpona:ra1-ar6aucre b6nacirz y fzAz. ronopr.r je4au "b.p.t"tb
6a bqexnsair-r HeI(o panuje go6a, a ar<o je no Hrruy ouga xacuuje; c-BI'I
,HaparHBHr{ H3BOp. flopyna Jlere .[yrcab4qa na "riarato saie,u,Ho6rl ce uorn-ra uatr,ra y s6ueaHraL4a nocne A,HropcKe 6HTKe. He
,{y6poeuaul.r c.no60Ano
AoJra3e y rleroBy 3eyr6y .,jepe ce yMnp,Hx c Typqi-r,, npuMrbeHa j" y Ay6_ *d*" a" nnnaouha nlr nutame nano drl Mypa, raqa ocnajao Huur naga
poB[rHKy 30. ge_rjeM6pa 1387, na he ce, no cnol npunuqu, ognbcHrr.r na ueneby EeroBe repuropuje u oBora ,rpaAa re)KI-I r;ena EyrapcKa LI Aeo
Aorabaje ns _1386, ilorrrro ce y .(-v6poaHarcy oq"25. 4erletvr6pa 6e,rex<wna Cpduaj6? TypTH cy y r<aCnrr.;H-ul BpeMeHHMa crBaparllr lmoprarrra caoje
HoBa roAr4rna.ze,Yrorcy l4_meceqw-(iJrdt_ABe roAr.rHe arto ce y3Me y o6anp Bnaciq na rybum iepuropujaua (Crcorrme, Xoquljen).
IioxoA na 1387), 6ypab Crparyruupoeu,h ce roMrrprio c Tyirlwnrj H opo- Ocraanajyhn npoSleu 6yrapcnr,rx I'I lrpqKllx fpaAoBa 3a AaJbe rpa-
.qllo c KHe3olr Jlasapona, flocraurr],I My 3er. rane, o6parrzMo naJKIry cYtraPY Cp6a H Typarca. Haro ce y nllrepar!?It
m Crojanoer{h, Crapu cpnactL podoc'toau u neronucu,117, 121, 214-275, 287.
l7^ 7t-IZ, :rone*rap 322.
pp14uu, ttaa. deao,293; npeaog 31 Vn. ra6eny [oMparrerba y: V, Grumel, Trait| d'6tudes byzantines I, La
* y. 4""F, OdyzUye eeha !,g1poeanrce peng6nuxe II, Eeorpag i964, 298, 300. chronologie, Paris 1958, 468; V. Mioc-D. Mioc, Cronica obserualiilor astronomice
-^^1 Q,€rojaroerh, Crape cpncxe noaerbe u nucri4a II, beorpa,q Cp. Xat'ioe- romanesti, Bucuresti 1977, 20-21.
qr4 1934, 213. Ikcuo rreMa AaryMa cauo gy6ponaury 6clelrxy: -clie -penultimo Dec. 32 Ocsajarbe Hr4nra noA 6894. uuajy Jlerontcil: KyBe:KAtfircKr, ra6poacrr, 6eo-
utlo^^go 4y6poaavx-nr
l!a], V 1386. roAHny. aisuny ,q"tos"*n c nolrerKoM rogzue 2b. geqeru6pa rpaAcKr I, IIIaSapur<oB, ceqel{fi.tKr( lt aarpe6avrr oAJIoMaK Jreronlca. IIToBAI'rB 14
Ig" AaryM Er4je ,{cnpaBt4o nr{ K. Jrrpe.rex, Cnoneuu4i cpnc,/;u, Apyre rpaAoBe r byrapcry 3eMJr'y noA I4croM roAurroM uruajy: fiogropt4llKit ' Ee'lallcIrtt,
YI-oIuI"" ll (1890) 102 6p.38, utt !1. Eox<ttI;., O EAxobunttua, 36opnNr @ra.nbsog- AoprrarcKtt, Pynapven I, pa.raHcKr{, Byron, cenr,rvrtt, xlJraEAapcKi'I, rroAropt{.lKl4' Bpxo-
cKor lFaKynr€fq 8/l (f964) 385-390 (: He,trupr.o lloilopje XV aexi, Eeorpag 19i9, 6pesnr.rvxu, $raapvea II, co+njcxr II, petwercxN, Bacrhea, Janroa, Marapaurear-
333-336). hee, Bepxoer,rheB, Ocrojr4heB.
 C, M. Bnpxoerh Kocogcxa 6zrxa y uebynapoAnou KorrreKcry 59
58

yo6ri.{aj1.rJro roBoplrTq o 6oiy Ha nlro.tHutcy,3 nnje4Ha neTongcarlKa 6e- craBJba flpr'tnuHa, ea rojy Huje;rau H3Bop IIe Ka)Ke Aa je uMana yrBp-
nerura rHe AO3BoE,aBa 3altJl'yqaK C TOMe Aa Je TaAa AO'IUIO AO HeKe beme, rar<b ,u,a Huje rlorra npyiKarn orrlop BeJlaKoj-enaupoaoj nojc'rpl'3?
cpficKo-TypcKe 6qrKe. Hanporaa, cTHnH3aIIUja JIeTOnHCa npeMa KojHMa To 6i ce Mopano b,qnocnrra Ha HeICH Apyr6 rpaA._Y 6'1rasn1lrg flpulrrr'1re
ttiyp"r ,,iiwrc", rrHe yqqsr-tt:aurra", ,pparLr Ce oner", cBeAorIIt o-Heo6a.B- 6r.ro ie rcolwr.iercc ABopoBa nopel jesepa ([layHu, Cepvnn, Illrnvrua, lta-:o
r"#or*n tto"ny. iegan'laueraK JleTodrr{ca, KoA Ioora He M,o)KeMo 6stu cu' larod Hepoprnrsa), HeIIlro yAameHnju cy 6uta flpunernau, flpuepeuau
Ho"o " Epno, u Fleurro 6wuxa lpa'rarllr,rla, curypHo yrnpbeua Kao H Apy-
rypHa na nMa HcnpaBalr reKcr, 6erc,crso npuilucYje &9i*!" Bna,qapa: "r'n MaHaflllrprt rora BpeMeHa.
,,irb6ex<e Mypar r-r r*res Jla:ap c nno'{HI.IKa I''. Toflnrqe"r E@ ItKaKjBor HeAaeno je 4eramua zcropuja MaHacrllpa cKpeHyna nilKrBY Ha ie-
rcone6arsa cJ uoxe pehn 4a je _crulucao oHora rrrrLo cy aa6erexluu cpn-
crqrz: nerourlca Aa je AoJra3Ho Mypar, urro 3HaqI{ qenoKyrrHa oA.eMHpa AaH AOKyMeHa:r rojlt nona:yje ,[,a je MaHacrup os6r',r;rno nocrpaAao HerAe
v speMe rcnega Jlasapa, Byna Epanrosuha r-r3anrrca narpujapxa Cnr-lpH4ona,
npeqaobena nojcra, Aa je Ha ro pearonao KHes Jla3ap rlrMe turo je u o*r je uocne crpaAarsa
,,u3aurao", ga je cynran orlmrao He lrII4HLtBrrrI'I Hluura: Du BParv ce ofler tarire, y repuoAy 1380-1389. roAlIHe. flrlcau
flperruule Urnej. oH r'reprruuro cBeAoqH Aa
or lllo.*lura"-. H-ejacno ocraje 3aIIIro je y nPl"ry ylxao fIlro{qHI{K, 3a- uanacilrpa Aocneo Aa BeJITIKLI
CV Krbl4re llsxopeJle V nlrpry MaIlaCTlIpa, a ca I6HMa II MHO{IIITBO JbVALI,
urto je V Bptlg cax(ero Qo3uy:racanoj neclH croMeH!'ro Mecro KoA Kora
ce Hrrrrrra nr.rje qeoulof ga-r.u je ro Haj4a"ne MecTo Aonne je crurao lf .y "u.ru,qaqi 6uti Tpltc,xeru LlHonnerveHlt 14. Y cBareoM cnyrajy, Ipa-
qaHnrla, noArlrrHyTa Aa 6yge ceAltxllre elutcKoma nu[IJbaHCKIlx, uuje rplln-
n:rr-i ce ry or{e6,I.rBa[a 6urrca? fl.no'grrari Jrextu, Kao ruro je no3garo' sa
Ba)KH,oL\{
'nyry c Kocoea y AorrH'HV Mopane,. na je, najneponauruje, 'ry na ry $ynrcqujy y BpeMe Kocorcrce 6urne. Teno rcnesa -Jlaaapa cilcpa-
6rrq uocne.qrlrl ta6op npe- oAnacKa ut Cp6nje. *.*o jb'rrpBo"y fuluiponolujcroj qprcera y llpuurrnun,$ a relc uerAe
Y Ha:ruoj Jrr{reparyp'H, 3ar{y,qo, Huje rpnMeheuo Aa o roMe ,qora- rcacraj-e ce- tutnrpononnjcro ceAarure BparLIJro y lpavauraqy.
llajy, aonyrue, 6es cnoilaifuarra lilo.lnar<-a u ca roAHHoM r<oja je npo6ne- IIe lracnuu, ,HapaBHo, Aa ce Mo)Ke 3acryrrar,tl Te3a Aa ce Ka3HBaFe
MarurrHa, roBOIlH H Heno3Harrr HaBop Manpa Op6uua, acnopunrheH y Op6unonorr I{3Bopa oAHocIz Ha fpavaunqY, arta ce Mopa rrpllMerurll Aa
norrralBrbY o r<nesy Jlaaapy. Taj $paiueHar oAyAapa og ocra:ror Op'6ra- crba,Aarbe lpa.r,airmte npe KocoBcrce 6urxe, Kao .HecyM$6prBa qg-rbeHir.6la,
HoBor H3rlararla o Kocoscr<oj 6rruu, y rcoje yBoAn ruHpoKH ocBpr ,IIa ryp- ndcpeAno nornpbyje rplir.ry o rypcKoM llafla,qy u rYcrorfisny. Ocraora-
cna ocaajarra y EBpona.a flosnar je ua-nop roju.Op6ua ry eKcqepnupa ivhil u oso .t"ia[-e 3a AaJbe rlpoBepaBabe, rlopa ce or6ursultje V3eJH y
'6'6e'p
lr Ha rbera Hagoaesyje AYry npuqy o KocoBcKoj 6euu cacraBJbeHy oA llorlrhHocr Aa cy ncnreby Jlaaapa u Mypara oAHocH 6rl.n cpebe+ru
pasHopoAH,LE( eJleMeHara, anfi Je Heno3Haro nopeKno oAJloMKa KojH cBe- v ro"quHaMl npe Kocoacxe 6r-rrne, rrrro ce rBpAa y HeKr{M TypcKuM HsBo-
aJtu cy oHH us rcacnujer Ao6a u oryga necr'rrypnuP
My - roMe rrperxoAa lr noja Hac oBAe ,[pBsHcrBeHo Iaurepecyje. -^ ^. 'puw ,bnot"Hyra je neh ry-pcxa rrpoeana nPeMa 3arr'aAy y or<To6py+ro-
Ty ce, Halrue, roaopu o jegnou Myparonou noxoAy ca 30.000 pa,-
rurra, C KojIiMa rpe6a aa je yurao y Cp6njy, 6opaauo y moj wreceq gaua, aeu6py 1386, go;onno seruKa ga ysaeuuprE craYoBHlirurBp AY6ponau-
norcyuranajyhr.l ,qa ocnoirl flprlruruuy, anu nrllje yoneo. Hacy'npor rreny rcor saieba, roje ce cKrlarbarro Ha repraropl{jy Peuy6lure Y {yry u C'roH'
cy, no lrcToM rruc.rly, noALIrrrH gojcrcy r,uea Jlaeap u Byr, aJIH ce Hlrcy Ognyre ffipoua-tr<"x seha rojralra ce o4o6pana npuuarre-6eryHalra ro-
ynyruram-l 'g 6arrcy upoqerLyjyhrr Aa My Hr{cy paBHH, Hero cV xa npa- je,iHbu cnyvajy o rypiroj nojcqa, u y ,qpy.ot o Typuuua roju
iunu no 6p.qonlrruM H TBpALIM MecrHMa. Hajsa4 je Mypar orltruao V
"op"'y
nycroure npajeae.{ ,{y6ponavxr-r noAaurl cv cacBHM noy3AaHH, alrll tlln'
gupercTHlr, oHrl He ocrerDanajy nolrfuvry no3aAr4Hy lorabaia. IIoxoA
coojy seu6y I{ oHAa cy ca nocnaHltl]rrMa nolSenlr flperoBoplr, rojn cy je,^ Hecy*i+I4Bo, norabao rept'riopujy Kparrl Tnprna noja je ca cBllx
no ceoj npranuqa AoBeiru ,qo rora Aa cy KIIe3 Jlaeap u B-'yr npucraJrH Ha
nnahane,qauna Iz AaBarle 1.000 parHr-rna. To cue rpeda Aa ce,q,ecHJIo crpaHa gKpy)KrlBarra .(y5poair,ur. kario ci, y Op6nnoeoM I'I3BoPy o Fypby
138'5. roarlrre y aflpurly uecer4y.3s It^Crpariuin'npouuhy rci,re la cy.Typ,sa rPoAprI.H go Ocrpora u Onoro-
flo rnavuuy rrpaqar+,a u ca,qptKriHu Op6nnon usnop Huje 3aBIrcaH uttu,'t"nu u6g Tnfrnonorr.l a:ratirhy, npupda,no .ie .qa Ase rpyne Iln{>op-
r"ra.rrr-ria .noBerKeMo H 3aKJr,yqllr\Io Aa cy Ao Tora BpeMoHa [pecTaJre !I He-
oA cpncKlrx JreTo[rr4ca, aJII{ lI flo [pocTopy H no xpoHoJlorlrJr'I I{ IIo ToKy
gorabaja fl HcxoAy.crax(e ce H roroBo '[oKllarra ca oHIzM {lITo rrpenoce none- 6ypba II Ctpaqtr.r,tuponuha ca Typrlrlua.
lerorrlrca: H oBAe je euapoa roxoA Ha Cpdujy [porllB ItHesa Jlasapa,
a y oBoM Ka3I{BaI6y Ao 6rnne nuje lorulo, Mypar uprie nocrrlrao HLIKa- je ou npr EperBapar6y AaryMa 3aHeMapt/ro pa3JlttKe y noqerry roAr{He
KaB crBapHH ycnex uoxo,qou. Arttt, H oBAe llMalvlo reurnohe. Huje- uaj- a Mo)KAa
,rnu cJt.
ueha, y xporionoruju. Oua je, qaK, KaA ce MNIa y BIrAy -llen:InHa Op6uHo- 37 O ucropujrz Ilpnuruue caonlurttra je pacnorox<rey rpaby A. Koea'resilh-
BOr reKcra, ap,rvMeHar y npHnor lo6poi o6aseureHocru'5 Teumohy npeg- - 38 Ilputuruua
-Kojrh, g cped*ex. auiexa. llcroprjcrn rracont{c22 (7975) 45-74.
B. "Iotut,, Murpononuja a nrruurrutu TLTtao. zpofxa qpxaa KHe3a JIa3a'
s flplruepa je tollrro y cT aprjoj t4 noBt4ioj nr{Teparylt}l Aa ,r:K rle BpeAtr -
pc, CBerr4 rnes Jlasap. Cnolrenrqa o urecroj croroAl4rulbtrl4r{ KocoBcKor 6oja 1389-
lIaBOAT{rr. 1989, EeorpaA 1989, 163-169.
39 A. OnecnIalrxu, Tgpctcu usaopu o Kocoacxo'+t 6oia, tnacnnx Croncror nay'r-
e flopex.ro 4e.noaa Op6Nnogor tt3Jrararga o KocoBcKoj 6rqr noxlruao caM Aa
yrBpArM y KoMerrrapy ys npenog Op6r,ruonor rexcra (ctp, 329-330). Hor ApylrrrBa 14(1934) 5S-95; f. trnesoelah, Eoj ttct Kocoeg 73BS g ucropuiu MA'ta
s Orbini, uae. deno, 312-313, npego,q 9at--95, xouenrap 329. MexnLda Heupuie, Bpacreo 31 (1940) 1-?7; S. "frako, Bitka na Kosottu 1-389' go'
. s y KoMerrrapy caM Ha Bl,ture Mecra yno3opno Ha rpe[lry oA jeAHe toAt4He, aii" i itoriiiia4io niA;tiio, priiozi za orijentalnu filolosiju 14--15 (1964-65) 329-
Kojoj Hrje yBeK r4crr4 y3poK. Mox<Aa norlrqe l{3 l,r:aopa roje je Op6un eKcllepnl4pao, -35i.
 C, M. Brproetd KocoBcKa 6zrsa y uebytrapoAnou KoHTeKcry 61
60
Tnprrcy cy Kpa:r,mre pobare (npamlqa uaj'r<a JenncaBera My je 6utra
Y uexoj BPcr'u KonBepreu,qr'rje rp-H jd3Pop!' lcpncru leronr'rcr-r, Op- cecrpa ol crprura) o6eg6ebfiaaJre oHo rrrro ce npetro3Haje xao IIr{Jb lro-
6"nou Mypatouou-noxony .y Cp6wjy, Op6wtou H3Bop o -VcroHv lnrrir<e nocne 1377 oKlrrllr'arre HeKaAa[nBLD( rrenamrahxlu. 3eMaJba H rrpBo
II Crpa,rraianponaha) nornpbyjy .qa je l38e 6ula rrpenoMHa
Fyplia "t"op"o y
raecrd ueliy cpirxoKoM rocrr,oAon rr.oruro je 6uo KpyHLIcaHH Kpa;b.
oi"o"y jy;xuocnoreicnux ca Myparolr: Fypab CrpalruMrpo-
KHe)I(eBa Moxaa iy Taprro I a_ Jlasap 6Hnlr noee3a:ar ca KpaJbHqHrrI'I-NI
;;h;; oi'otu. Jla:ap, 6u cpevwru oAnoce i typur'rv-a, -q,on je Taprxo I [por&rBHrIur{?vIa, KOjI.I Cy il,IIvI 6unW OgCeyH, MO)KAa Cy UM npy)KaJrH [.InH
r "*pujarertnrmt oitoc"tra. EpaKoM nypba II^Crpauuunp-*ili o6ehasaru fio4pfirrKy, LI3 AoKyMeHara ce ro He BHAU cBe Ao BeJIriKor
".rio
H JeneHe s6n:ar<uJru cy ce IcHe3 Jlasap u rocrro,qap -3ere, anr'r ro H'Hje cylco,6al ro"q fopjafii y Cnangiujq KaAa cy KparEI4IIe sapo6rbeH-e, a ILH-
cMsratlo' Jlaeapy .qa ocra,He rroBe3aH r ca Tnprrcolt I, -rrpe cBera' y, a- xoBrr ilIpBLI capa.qruula no6ujeHa Ianr-r sapo6neHu (25. jyna 1386). Ha
iensuqtcoi norIHrIIilrH nperMa yHyrpaunrbnn't 6op6ava y Yrapcroj' KoJe -cy rpaurapua Cp6uje cyro6H cy rroqerlu pauHje, Hajnepona'rur4je-og Mapra
#A;'l ;;;^d8a. :;;;';";; sapo6maaa*eu nfarorua | 1u:y v6"'
Jelucanere, AoJracI(oM )KumryHAa JlyKceMoypurKor
.qb jyra t;86. ro.ru{Hd. Y6peo nocrle oMprrr KparLa Jlyqonnna 6uo je no-
CTBOM CTape KpaJLr.Iqe craBr,eH 3a MallBa[rcKor 6asa Cre$au, crau Qu:rrna og Kopolla, an'r'r uaje
nr.q,i Kano cy rrogerre Ir rorrapll3arru;e go rcojax ji: qouno y -cl-eleFrrzu ilri Morao Aa Bprul{ ry $ynxrarljy. Y uavnancrcoj 6anoBHHl'I ce !^rBpcr}Io
Mecelpnaa 6arno yrr4aJre H 'Ha oAHoce yoi'ru KocoecKe oHTKe' MopaMo lj llarursras, 6par nexaaatun er 6asa Hnalatsta Xopnara I'r 4pxao je y
IIOCBETIiTI'I IIY}{Y
-
IIA'INT6Y. cnojau pynalla KparbeBcKe rpaAoBe. Cre$an Kopob j9 ycneo o_PylxjeM
'IM 3axeanyjyhrn yrapcnralr noBsJbaMa, AoKyMeIrrLIMa MnerallKor ap-
'li- .tra noBparlr KpaJbeBcKe rpa.qoBe: Eurny, Klnnu,ugr< u Eeorp-aA. Hernega
xrrlBa rr Kasr,rBarsl4Ma Hiaparaenux 40 abajrl cy nosHaru v orr- +l
no creuy ga jb ycnex 6no rpanrcorpajau, jeP cy H-eayrur Xopnat, Hna-
'r3Bopa,
IIpe BI-IIIIe OA CTOTIIIIf{ TOALIHa V
IIITLIM KOHTVpaI'la, OqpraulI KpLITHF{IC4
-Pa"trcb",
-11
:al
nuur flanuxcr-a ca BeJIr{I(ou noicrcor,t AoruJrH y fioMoh Jlaqucnany,uporHa-
;;il,*;^Al'x;A;p;b. H. Pvaapqa, K' Jupe'Iera'ar Hoaa rpaba ,+;
Jrr.I KpaJbrfiir.rHor 6ana ffpeKo Caee H orq./crorxl4Jrrl rberoBe nocere Y IIo-
ie ouorvhuna ia Ce rroHelrrro AonyHH Ir rrpzuIrnPa, Ha-poquTo xpoHono-
a<erunoj u Bynoacroj rxynauuljr.r. OAlreruuIrH cV Aoruru_alax go ,[,pane
i"r. He lrrlrrirrajyhu ce y no,apodHo lxrnararbe 'qY- H )r(erreJrH 4a npeby peKy, anH IIM ce Ty cynporcraBHo cteQan_ H Hare-
roipajri.rx 6op6u' y Yripcr<oj, o6paruhevo nall{rby caMo oHoMe Iuro le
""iJitinii'lorabaia. pao Hx y 6er<crno.s-Cee ce ro AecHrIo npe HanaAa rog lopjaua (25. jyqu
je r*roruo
noBqsalro ca ItHeaoM ninap,iru.H-KparbeM T:ry^T--!:.-Ho i:Ao), rie ce y fiparrlrl Kparbnqa 3aAecl{o rr MaGIBa[IcKn 6as, roju je
irrHrIaTH ,Ha cHlvarlHly KaKBa je 6vtna ycr.lu I(ocoecKe OHTKe. rrocrao sapo,6neuurc oAMer'HrrKa LI Kao cyrrtarb npoBeo cKoPo roAttHy
' .oAHOCH Uacneb-eiru ns epeneua Kpa.Jba Jlyqonarca I uelsarua ry ce
AaHa.46 Kparlrqe I'I Apyrlr 3aPodJbeHuIIH onBeAeHLI cy y IyuHraK' 3arHM
o"ru"o. Jour npe cBoqaHocrH onnaKl{Bar6a r<p-arsa, y cenreu6py 1382'
y Honurpag r-r flourarer, a Kpafi,HrruHI'I nporl-IBHH'Iru cv-, tro BerxLIM pe-
.y o4^7t"nlr Aa [rnurv rcpamrnrlrl H Benr'IKallrll\{a uo:rehu qlrMa. rrorrrHHunr.r KpaJbeBcrna Xpnator<e, .[,alma4raje, cnanonraje, Mav-
UVOp"t"^"" To cseAOqH
Aa r.rx Kpar'blrua npe[opyq,Izl "roonoAl4]Iy xneey Jlaeapy"'42 BaHcKr{ u Ceaepuncru 6asar rn floxceruny ;r<ynaHrzjy. Beolta ce MaJIo 3Ha
o wrlerv u cnasu o""iu lt*ipa, anr a o 'meroeou Mecry--y xujepap-
o [orabajanra y ie.er*"rou rr 3rrMicKHM Mecerrr4Ma. O'-6e cnpane cy o6es6e-
i"jt""il'""**y ltojH ce Sopmxpao Y BpeMe JlyAonuna I' Herco BpeMe' b#ane cises*;tcl: y Beneq,ajn )Krmuyua Jlyrcceu6ypurr<u, rcgju ce 6opz
Mo)r(Aa iraK ABe-TpH ion"r6, ruei laiap-je ocrao_,.rojanan Mapraju, ,ua- sa ocro6obor6e cnoje KparbeBcKe cynpyre; y fylrurb-i Htanwiu rn 6ocau-
JlyqouiKoaoj na' yrapcrolt npecro:ry. Ha 6ocancrcoj^crpaun crcolj npan earanu oiserCaqu Kap.na ,{pa'rrcor, xojn ce 6op9 aa rboroBor
jo* 6o*e s'lu ralco c'rr 3arerre'Ll oA'I{ocr-I o,4p}r(aBaHpl io[r HeKo 'pe-
"""nE"rI" cusi ualorsrnor JlaAuc,nasa. HBaHrtIu Xopoar Hacrvrlao ie rao rreroB
ne. Tpu roAraHe nocne JIy.uoBr{KoBe cMqrrl Tepxo j"-l1l11i^1-t-?o caoie
"" HAMCCHINK.
oondrirrcne Be3e ca vrapcrcuu nBopoM. Y noeeft'a 3a 'BeHeuLIJaHIre' HsAa-
#f ti:#fi; 6sg : ;;' ;;;;;;;;;;"
cpncKor
Koropa Iy
KpaJbeBcrBa:
ro'upftt'n)
"o:T-"g.?i. lrrreApe
craBJba y KoHTeKcr odnasr,arba "Mr'Ino[uhv IraI[Hx e flo,qsrrr CTeSaHa Kopoba onttc€lg je y Ane KpaJbeBcKe noseJbe, jeAgoj
otrJrvKe boxie H rrpecJlaBge Harrre cecrpe KpalIbl{qe Yrapcre, rpaA oA 6. aarycra 138? (T. Ortvay, Okleuelek Tentesui'nnegye 6s Tem.esud'r u&ros
;;'ifi;""i,;Jp';.il.n". t"l ,p.*- epeuena".€
y^uaure pyKe 3a Beqrrra fiirftfletehez J, (ff83-f430), Pozsony 1896, 148) tr Apyroi oA 28. anprua f388 (G.
Fejer, Codex diplomaticus regmi Hungariae ecclesiasticus ac citilis X/1, 474-420;
6 (urnr}., Odttgt<e eeha II, 2S8, 300. E. Malyusz, Zsigmondkort okleu|lti,r I (1387-1399), Budapest 1951, Np 17l r.{ 519).
al iiopeA'paAoit y Han- 2 v 7,yr,'F' Radki, Pokry!-\a -srauen-
'potetk-om ,{Be [oBeJ6e ce Aonyrsasajy y nojeAtrHocrr{Ma z rpe6a ynopego ,qa ce Kopt4cre, rra-
slrom iisu' iii"6:m XM "tu"n"""* XV stolieid, Rad JAZU 2 -(18681 . 68-160; povrro a6or yrnpllrsarca xpouo,rorrje.
s' iis6si 6s_rro; 4 (1868) r_io:; a. Hute1, D_ie Gelansennehmung der. Kdnisinnen a5 flpea je J. Ka.nzh-MrjyurrosNh, Eeozpad g qted*e,u aexu, EeorpaA 1967,
Etisabeth und Maid uiiiri und die Kdmpie kdnig Sigismunds ,g^e^gen die 364, rran. 29, yfiogopttra Aa je y o6e uoaeJbe err]r3o,qa craBJbera npe sapo6.nanarra
;;;;"il;.i;"ie .,ia- d" iibrisen Reichs.feinde in den Jahren 7386-7395'
partei"o"- EpaJbr{rla, r Aa je tpe6a cranrrr y nepriroA rrpe jy.ra 1386. roAzlre. Toue ce rrrorxe
Archiv fiir dsterreichische- Cei"fricitt"u 66 (1885i 509-548; K. Jupeuer, llcropuja AoAarr{ oKoJrrrocr ,qa je Cre@arr Kopob 6uo raeby gapo6.regr{M EeJrr4Karilurvra, ga je
-'-- I,
Cp6a Beorpa4 1952,32-234. 6ro c;rx<all cKopo roArrny Aarra, KaKo rroBe:6a Kax(e 14 ga je sa BpeMe r$eroBor
ii il;E' oanunu eeha t, 246, 26. cenrer'I6pa 1382 " ' .de approbando et
sapo6*,enurutaa Hzxona fopjascs,r M.nabr n"renoBal{ 3a MaqBaxcKor 6ana. OryAa
approbatas habendo titt".*r'airfi"ndai in Vngariarr:- hic lectas in ea forma in qua je neo,qp>rrsa xpoxo;rorzja ycaojena oA crpaHe F. Si5iia, Vojuoda Hruoje Vuktii
suit lecte, hoc addito itt ai"tis -riite"is, videlicet quod per dominam nostram do- HnsatLnie i njegouo doba (1350-1416), Zaq.Jeb 1902, 60 u 254, san. 143, KojI,t r{eto-
minam reginam recomendemu" .1. Lazaro, barones vero precemur' ut pre- Kyngo paroBar+,e ra jyxcro oA Cane t{ nponop Ao ,4pase z o,q6Nja*e craa.ra y jy.r
dictam reconrendacionem ilJut."nt "o-iti a dicta domina regina' 1387. pivynajyhrl ca reK oc.no6olenuu Cte{ranon Kopolelr, aJrra oH nuu.re Huje 6no
B O unapoj no'nrarruxo; no3aAr4Ht{ HacranKa oBor AoKyMeHta W' Actopulo' Ma.rBaEcKJ4 6aH.
l\ptte lope II, 2, TrrorpaA 19t0, 34-43 (C. Erpxoet{h)'
62 C, M. Bnpronrh Kocogcxa 6rarxa y uelynapognorl KoHreKcry 63

Y6ucrso crape Kparbnrre, JenucaBere KorpoMaHuh, Koja je yqan- -ro qlIHI.t

y nlte Jlagr-rcJtaBa Haflytbcrcor. To cy
Aaro ,qa BnaAap EocHe cne
rreHa cpeAauolr jauyapa 1387, nojauaBa aKTr.rBnocrrr Ha o6e crparre. )KHrL HapoqETo HarJrarlaBaJru BeHequjaHrlr.r.s
u{,nL orynna np}rcrarrrrue u 31. Mapra 1387. y C'rouonr Eeorpa4y rpy- 3anne:reny .ucropujy oAHoca KpaJba Tnprrta ca AaJrN{arrrI{cK}rM rpa-
Irrrule ce 3a KpaJba. Ma"rnancrpr 6an nocraje Hunola lopjaucrcu M.nabu, AOBHMa r.I XpBaTCKHM BeJrHKarrIEMa He i!to)Ke.\Io OBAe onulrpHHje npHKa-
clrH rlaJlarr4Ha y6r.rjeHor ,nperxoAHe rog,r.rue no4 lopjaua. Ou ce Ha r{env 3vBarr, eeh ca^4o Hcrahu qtuieHHEy Aa nenpujareJr'crBa HI.Icy fipecrajaJra,
oApeAa ynyhyje y reMl4ruBapcxu rpa.i, rAe cys6Hja H noKopaBa oAMer- ua je Tnp:rno CnnnhanuMa, Kojll cy ce uajgyx<e ofluparru, rlocraBllo
FrHI(e, a 3arHM rrperra3u trpeKo lyHana y Cper,r r.qe .ie noupurrrre 6op6,u KoHalq,flH poK 3a npe4ajy i5. jyurr 1389, ,[aH cBeror B,ura. Ha Apyroj
rog repbaae 9epenuh. Hnarrrllr Xopnar je ry nperpneo nopa3, r{ Harrao crpaHrr, KpaJb )Kr.rrMyHA je y ro Bperle npElrpeMao nojctty 3a [oxoA qpo-
cKJroHr.rrlrre y o5nu,ricr6elr Llnony, ,r,ra.la je qepeaah ocrao y pyKaMa I6e- TrrB HeBepHor 6ocaHcKor 6a:Ha.ae
roBl{".c JbyArr. Here BeroBe r.rcraKH!'Te nprrcraJrurre cy sapo5rene H .rro- Ha ceeepy je uonpalrre 6r.r.no Ha CaBu H A\.IrIaBy. Hs:roxeuo je
cirare KpaJby )K.wrnyu4y sajelHo ca 3acraBoM Jlag,Hcraea Harnymcrcor.{6 6r.rxo noauno ce H3 oqlrBarHlt\ AoKViMelIara BIr.ilH, Hapoqnro floApyqje
Helra eneuenara 3a npeqa3r{o Aaraparbe onra 4orabaja, oHH ce Mory ,asnebyi Eocyra u CaBe Kolle ce ltorno npHfifi ca repr.IroPnje EocHe It
caMo oKBrirpHo cMecrlrrr{ y Kpaj anp{4na una lra.i 13'87, csaxaKo, rrpe Cp6uje y nperule nan je repuropqja MaqsauoKe 6anosuHe 6Iana nog cpn-
Becrr,r o KpaJruqHHoM oc;ro'6oiieray. r
crcorr- rconrpoJloM. flpori1..B{wut4 )Kurr.tynga H N{apuje cy y3 noMoh cBo-
Os6rarbHo yrpolreH, Hsaur.rxr Xopaar ce npe6aquo as Hnor<a y jlrx canesu,rnKa rroKlrIrraBaJIII Aa npo6r-rjy rpaHaqy H HaHecy Ilrrery oKoJr-
Il'oxcer$, rAe ra je uaagH Ma.;qBaHcKH 6as onceAao. TaAa cy Hnanuruy H[rM r{lryraHvjaMa. Y Ha6pajany 3acjryra BeJII-rKarxa I(ojH cy qlr.BaJlli
[plrcKorrlrJrrl y uorroh Cp6rn ua,na4o]\,r Ha Maueancriy 6anoar.rHy !, yrrpo- rpa,Hr{rly HaBoAe ce oBaKEu yftaArr, KoJH ce TeruKo xpoHonoluKlr vTBp-
ii(aRarbeM yl?pcrux rpa,HurJa. fopjaHcrcl.r je, naHve, youeo Aa go6uje y byjy. O6pasnaxcyhu ron$r-rqconalbe noceAa nopoAHLIe l{opnag, Koja ce
cnoje_p_yr<e HaaH;ana Xopeara Kao raorla H jenaua aa he rcpa$aqe6er"ri Hiiaqara r'reby rcpanNuHHLIM nporHBHItuLIMa, crroMurbe ce npenaq Hea-
ocno6obese (crapa KpaJr,rrrra je errarrro paHrije y6ajeua, arr,u ce ro jour Huura KopnaAe ca 6ocaucrcuu lrrusMaruqlzMa y noApyqje Socyra, tcoje
Huje noaaqauo aHalo). flpuca,'reH Aa ro)r(ypr{ ga nanapue Cp6e y Mau- cy 6panunn .{onaunHrc Eoronr u Flranola Xapanr. ,Hana,qa.ru cy 6HrI4 no-
nancroj 6artoeuua, fopjanrcnu je 4parorleuor cyiKrra [peAao 3anoBeA- parKeH,r{, 3a[oBeAHI{K yrxeaheu II .fiocJrar. KpaJbv )Kurnyruy y Eynnu,
HIIKy Apyre eojcne C,re$aHy, clluy nojno.qe fiuo.nncuja, rcoju je norajuo rAe cy ra KqrsE ByKJTH yrlT,qaMa, 3arHM ,je y6ujea, pa[FleperreH I'I H3J1O'
6rro HeaepnaK r.r nycrno sapo6meHara ,qa rrc6erHe y Eocuy. Beponar,no xden r<ao o[oMeua ApyxltMa.so
ca oBr.rM cpncKHM HaJraEoNr na V1a.rsaHcny 6auoelnry .rpe5a noBq3aru Apyrn YnaA y Hcro noApl,rqje (Bazakuz) npnrarcyje ce HBaHIrury
flpralrarbe Op6Huoaor rlsBopa o roMe ga je xnea Jlasap not:rao rocnoAap Xopnary rr HeKoJruqanrr capaAH,r.rra (Jlag,ucnan 3euar, Cre$au Xegep-
Feorpa4a, HaBoAHo nocrr€ cMpru Kpa[ra Jly4onrara, q1 je pa3opuo rBp- napu, EepucJraB, caHoBarl Hnaur,ura llaluxcue). Kao H,rlxoeu noiuohHr-rqn
laalr r.r ocnojuo Mauny.a? Ioplancxlr rpe6a-5a je :aurrairldrpa*trqy o.q lr3pr-rlr'lmo ce HaBoAe ,,6es6pojuu rrara]ia H rrrH3Marr{rJa 6ocancrcu r.r pa-
Cp6a, uoapar,rlo je Vepenah, Far<oeo, Itoruaap (Kourca not Barmbsa) [raHcKLr". Ha rrux je rpenyna nojcxa )KurlryngoaHx npucraJraqa rojoj
rr )Karuy,4qoBe ntr'oruBitr{Ke np}icarrrro ;'Ia ce crc[oHe y EocHy. cy Ha qerly 6qln Hsrcona fopjancnz Mnabu u @turur. Kopob, ca,qaunrlr
Ilocne Heycnexa y Cnaaorutju a Cpeuy Xopearu H rsuxoBe npr4cra- ll HeKaAarrJrlH Mar{Ba.HcKu 6a:e. Kpamere eojcronobe cy oAHene no6egy,
Jnrr4e cy Mopatru Aa ce ocrroHe na EocHy lr rbeHor KpaJba, roju je 1387. HsaH'l,rlrr Xopnar ce jqqBa cflacao, AoI( cy Apyr.r{ BeruKarrrn sapo6JbeHu
3anoqeo ocnajarua y Xpoarcrcoj ,l1 Aanr,raqrljq. O,q jyna, rata je ocnojen H fl:rocrrarr.r Kpar,y ]ftir,r,ryn4y la 6yly Kar{6eHrz.sr .[,orc ce oiraj nper-
Knuc, lrorv ce y rpy6ral,r qpra.\ra [parrrrrr Teprroue ar<qnje [peMa AaJr- xoAHrr Harra4 yoffure ue Aaje xpoHonolrrKu nperln3rzparr{, onaj ce craBJba
MaTITHcKHM rpa4oBr.rr4ar-r Xpnarcno.j. Our.rlra nojn 6rr ce [oKopuJrr{ KpaJ6 y aBrycr---terrrelr,6ap 1387, npeua no.qarrrtMa o Kperarr,'y' rJraBHlrx ra9-:
.ie nao roo[or]ap noup]rnnao floBJracrrrrje, 3axreBao je qa [:nece rberoBe ,uocr,u.t Hernega Aa rrosre rora nopa3a u noru6uie eoAehlrx rurqHocra,
3acraBe, Aapr.rBao je nocene u rqrecybranao. Y rpa;loeuma noiu 6u ce uo-
Kopuffr rrzryJrr{can je r<ao rcpam ,{,a:rvaquje u Xpaarcne, a rpagcKe
I4cnpaBe AaroBaHe cy rro EeroBoj anaqra. Hnarc, or<onnoM cBery je usr,re- a8 O TaprxoaoM paroBarby 14 BJraAarby y .qa.nwraqrjr r Xpnarcxoj nocrojr
noce6so ricrpa)KlrBarre M. Arr.uha, Bosanska. ulast u Hnsatskoj i Dalmociji 1387-
Beorpag 1985 (neo6jaeJ6errn Marr'tcrapcKr pan).
-1394,ae Vn. ts'rproP;uF., ltcropuja cpedtoaexoexe docaucxe dpttcoae, 156-157.
so Fejer, Codex diplomatians X/1, 42H30.
a Saoryre Hrro:re fopjancxor M.na!er, a rreKaA u rreroBor 6para Jonana, 51 Starine 39,279.
_ 62 Ha ose 3agpruge 6op6e y rojrua cy gapo6nenz sarroBeAgrqt4 us ra6opa
nasolene cy y qr4TaBolu
trn3y KpaJbeBcKr4x [oBeJba, xoje 6eao<r.r noginarra Ar4ruro-
Yal1p o oArroo{Ma Cp6rje r yrapcKe y cpeArieM nexy: L. Thalldczy-A. Ald6sy, llP,alg,u]Jra XopBara, cBaKaKo ce oAHocI,t rre3ana>r(eHo t$JraraEe &r,rpenrNncre Cro-
A^ Maggarorszdg ds Szerbia kiizti iisszekiitrctesek okleudttd.ra 1198-1-526, Budapeii nica uolgare di Anonimo Fiorentino, ed. E. Beliondi, RIS: 27, Cittii di Castello 1915'
190?, N! 75, 99, 104; onurrpuo cy HaBeAeHe oxe x3 parror neprroAa y nogeJ6n oi l. 56, rIoA roAJ4EoM 138?. 6es rlpell]43Hr4jer Aaryrvla. Bpahajyhn ce uo rpehn IIyr yHy-
aBrycra 1406. r.r 3a Jonaua MaporNja (Moponzhrr), o6jae,sena y F. Si5ii, Nekoliko TpalrrrlxM 6op6arvra y Vrapcroj serro3narl4 xposr{rrap 6e;ren<u cyxo6 6aua llear:urtJa
'ispraua iz potetka xv stoljeii, starine 3ti (1938) zz0_222, 276_2g6. (Ciambano) vt ctr:fra y6r,rjenor naJIarI4Fa (Gran Conte): Erano coloro c'assalirono
flone.ne o6jaa-
Jbelte y <DejepoBoM s6opar.rxy ,rcKopr4crr4o je neh A. Xy6ep y caojoj moarpiroj duasi tutti della gent-e dLI fietiuolo del Grac Conte; il quale era istato morto dale
pacnpaBfi naae4enoj y nan. 41. detto Giambano, come a detto di sopra, e per quello combatteano;
-morti,animosamenteGiambaro
a7 Orbini, :l.ae.
deno, 312, [peBoA 94, KoMeHrap 329. J. Ka.nnh-Mr,rjyurroexh poi che da ciascuna delle parti fuionb molti finalmente e'suoi
P.aa. de.no, 79. iurono vinti e sconfitti, e quasi tutti morti o prcsi. i"Ia pure Giambano si fuggl e
64 C. M. Brprorlh Kocoscxa 6r,rrxa. y uelyaapoguoll KoHTeKcry 65

Mapuje u )KHrMyH,qa cMarbyjy cBojv aKTI,IBH,ocr raKo Aa

npor,r{Brrr.lrllr Y oguepanaliy xpoHorc,ruje, uacrojarsy Aa ce yrBpgrr Aa Jr.l.r
HcrrincHyo.ss
vrapcKoir\4 KpaJbeBcKoM naPy rJraBHH ilpoTr.rBHl,Iqu ocTajy KPat6 TBpTKo I j,e [oMuperre 6wo. 6tnx<e .nJraHr.rpar{oM )KarruryugoaoM noxoAv y
.I{ KrIe3 JtraeaP. 9no
{i; Qe6pyapy puru Kllex(eEoj nora6uju y jyHy, Tpe6a HMarH Ha yMy Aa HaM
O genonary rcreea Jlasapa ocrao .ie cavyean H3BeruTaj KacreJrzura 1,j je cavyaauo nyuouohje, roje.je rcpalr, )KanlrynA r€Aao 7. jyna 1389.
rpag{ Konr.rna o roMe Aa rr,yAu ruresa Jlasapa Hauagajy rpaq lony6ag, Hrlronrl lopjancxou Mnabeu sa [peroBope ca ByK]oM Spanrorr,rheM. flpe-
Aa ra ryKy oficn4nrrM cnpaBaMa (urn rononuwra) u la cy noca4y AoBerIu Ma reKcrv Hrarcona je ognasao ,,nJretleHrrroM roc[roArrny Byny aojno4u,
y rerKarc nonoxaj. Ift.rclro je raroaauo noKperHHM [paaur.rKoM (Aau no- 3eTv BeJreMO)r(HOra MyXa Jla3apa, KHesa Paulne", ca 3aAaTKoM Aa npe-
de Apyre HeAerbe Benr.rr<or nocra dominica Oculi), noju y roAHHaMa FOBapa o cTBapHMa ,,Koje cy Ha KoprrcT Barrrv u paruKe 3eMJ6e".$ Bepo-
-
roje ,4pnase y o6srzp (1387, 1388, 1389) nalp y Meceq uapr (anu 2. vrnu BaTHO je TO rrpo.qyr(eTaK [peroBopa H perueFba r]osrlfrHvTlrx ca KHe3oM
13. trnu 22). Kaxo je nanag ,ua Mauaaucny 6auoenny 1387. 6:.ro, cnaKaKo, Jlaeapou. Kao Iuro je npemocraBrrao K. Japeverc.
rac+lr.rje, HerAe yoqu ocno6oltema Kparrrrqe (ncrveran jyna 1387), ocrajy .+ Y oguoculra Tnprxa I ca rcpamera )Ku,ruyH4on HeMa raKBe npoMeHe.
Kao BepoBarHuje 1388. u 1389. roAriHa. O HenpujarerbcrBy rzsnaeby nHeea Moxcga oH o rrperoBopHMa Jlasapennu wje 6uo Hr.r daBeurreH. Y cBa-
Jlasapa r.r KpaJba ){tarnaynga roBopu rr jeguo raqHo AarLrpaHo rrHcMo Kord cJryqajy ro lraje npoMeHr.rJro rreroB oAHoc- rrpeMa Jlaaapy, TaKo Aa
el, 24. Qe6pyapa 1389. roquue.ss Y nelry ce HaJraxe Aoojuqr-r nnelrwha Hnje oAycrao oA crrarca noMohHor oApeAa Ha KocoBo. Oa je, yocra;roM,
Ea ce 6pv,HV o qyBarry npoJrasa Ir Mecra 'nax(H,Hx sa o.ufipauy Cranonuje, ca TyprlrdMa r.rMao oAaojeHa Jror{arHa cy4ap jour cpe.qrrHoM 1388. ronv-
jsp ce ca3HaJIo .qa Hsau'H,ru Xopnar u Hr,atuilr flanuxrHa Hauepaeajy He. OAaBHo je nosnara 6eaerurca A\r6poBaqKor Jreronzcrla, no rcojoj je
qa rrpoBaJre y Cnanonr-rjy. Kpa-n o6anerurasa Aa noJra3u na Jla:apa ,,4a 6ocaHcnr.r BojBoAa Bnalrco ByxorHh noryKao Typrce ro,4 Eranehe 27.
6n ra cupevnrur Aa Ha[aAa Harue KpalbeBcrBo u \a 6ura npxcrlnr{nr{ Aa ce aBrycra 1388. ro,qr-rHe.v }by norapbyjy u AoueKrre ncflpawbajy (cyaap je
noKop.a,Ba HarrrrrM HapetJeeuria" . 6uo 2_3 AaHa parruje) uoqarpr Hs 3a,rucHzra .ay6poaa.rKlu<-s;eha-us rux
Hnrurai ce He 3Ha o roMe rcaxo je npo.rrrao KpameB noxoA, aKo ra \ana. UB r6r.rx ce Br.rgr, .qa cy Typrfl{ 6unu y ApytrrrBy ca fi,y4wv.a Flpba
je yonnrrenpeAy3qMao, arv ce 3Ha Aa cy ce oguoclr ,ueueby )Krarl,ryu4a II Crparpurponuha Banruraha, vuju je [ocJraHr4K noopeAoBao sa ,{y6poe-
y_IIanpa r4)oMeurlJru nerge aslrei:y oBora AaryMa rr KHelKeBe norur6uje. qaHe KoA rypcKor 3anoBe,qHr.rKa TTTa1uHa, n Aa cy
,[y6ponvann yxaaheue
lJ-adpajajyhrz *troro5pojue sacnlre Hurione fopjawcnor Mlaber, rcpars Ap6anace qpeAaBaJr,ri Flrybenrlu ibyAr.rMa.ss forbso-.qa Mo)Ke 6uru
){ftr'myng ce y cBojr-rM noBerr,aMa ceha ga je oi ,,Jlaeapa, KHe3a Kpa- cyMrbe y ro Aa cy Typull npoApnu y Trprrony Ap)KaBy"eHa no.qprnlaj
JbeBcrBa Parurte, lcojlr ce Ha HeKH HarrIlH Lr3,ByKao HcnoA Haure jypuc,q[K- Fypba II Crpa4rauapoBnha. Euo je ro Hacr.aBaK Ayroroqr{r[rber paro-
4uje, concreeHoM MapJr,rdBorruhy a 6,rarourhy rrpuByKao noA oKpHJbe Ha- Barra H uenpr.rjare:rcriaa Tnprrcosor c Earruxhaua, Koje ce Hapoqrrro
ruer BetrnqaHcrBa, TaKo 4a je o6ehao ,{a he oHe c.nyxc6e u 4axc6une 3aourrpuJro [ocJre 3ay3nMar*a Koropa. O,q rypcKor noxoAa y aBrycry
5o.ye,
je 3a )KHBora Kpama Jly.{owrrca, Tac'ra u orra Harlcra , 6uo npwny- 1388. o6e crpaHe uonasyjy Br{ue noMnpJb}iBocrlr, TaKo Aa Ay6ponavrn
beu- ga Bpur1.r H maha, uenpruaearlr u nrdharu HaMa".sa llorepgy sa [ocJraHr.nqE y Eocnu y jeceH 1388. nperorapajy ,,o cJrG?n r{ [p]rjarer6-
cpebueame o.qHoca y oBoM cMHcJry Mox(eMo natur y nonox<ajy Maqsalr- crey" nocpegyjyful rarrreby sanabeue roqroAe. flperonopu cy ce, cBa-
crce 6anosune. Terc rcag je rcues Jlasap ,rroruHyo, HsaHau Xopear je KaKo, IlacraBunv n y Mapry 1389. Kaqa je 6ocaacrcu Krre3 Muprco Pa-
sayseo AHcrpr{KTe Mavny u Eennu r.r AprKao rrx AoK ra lopjaHcrra nr-rje aojenr.rh, wrjr-r he cun rcacuiaje noraHvr.rl na Kocooy, rryroBao rpeKo
[,ydpoauure y 3ery.t llourperle c -Inprrcou y MecerraMa rrpe 6arKe
ltorno je orBop,Hrlr nyr Fypby II Crpaunuuponnhy lreby canesnnr<e
sSamp!_t fra' qu4i presi furono molti gentili e nobili uomeni ungheri e quasi tutti H.a KocoBy. Mopa ce, uebyrr.lv, uMarr y BHAy 4a je on 6uo cynrauon
di quella setta di Giambano, de'quali, che presi vennero, gli fe'mittere in^pregione;
e poi la-sera, ch'era_giir notte, fe tagliare la testa a trentacinque; e poi alpoiUi ai
fece anche tagliare la testa a Otto (raxo y r3Aar$y yruecro btto, ocanr); ia quat
cosa' come Giambano seppe, con poca brigata se n'ando in Bossina e quivi si stette . trtHa tlcroM Mecry: Dum itaque post hec ex presentis labilis mundi concita-
sanza far pirl guerra; nel paese i detti morti furon tutti della setta del re carlo cione Omorath Turkorum imperator cum ipso Lazaro kenezio. grande commisisset
terzo, bellum et in' eodem bello ipsi Omorath ei iazarus supplicium dortiJ paJiiextitis-
s OAaerto, o6jaa;beno nncMo o rrarraAy na lo;ry6aq npeueo caM y rleJrtar,{ y sent, pretaxatus Johannes banus noster infidelis, pretendens se i,n suis detestabili-
xt$u>Kttrl,\forlg6a4 y cped*e,n seKg, Ilox(apeaaq 1968, 29-30, 4aryjyhrl r! orcrapuo y bus actibus exaltari posse, post huiusmodi conflictum districtus nostros de Beleen et
[eproA 1382-1389. [i4cMo KpaJ6a X(vrnryuga o6janneuo je s]aue nyra, najra.rwrje
- de Macho rabide invadere et occupare non expavit, quem preallegatus Nicolaus,
y: A. Sztaray-G. Nagy, A naggmihi"lgi es sztcLr-ai gr6j Sztdrag cialail okleubt tunc banus noster de Macho, sua cum potencia invadens et eundem exinde eiciens,
fdra I, Budapest 1887, 485: cumque nos dc presenti contra Lazarum proficiscirnur, ipsosque districtus de manibus ipsius infidelis militariter et virtuose eripiens, nos-
eum. ab insultibus regno nostro hactenus illatis prohibendo, eumque ad nostra tris subiugavit dominio el dicioni. IIpeBoA Ha ,,rcroM Mecry y HacraBKy rrperxoAHor
maudata astringendo [...]. oAJroMKa.
. s4 F. Sisii, Nekoliko ispransa 1...7, Starine 39 (1938) 2?9: Idem, Nicolaus de s flzcuo je o6jaBrbeno y: J: Gelcich-L. Thall6czy, Raguzd 6s MagAaroszd.g
virtute in virfutem gradatim ascedens, Lazarum kenezium regni Rascie, qui quodam okletsaltor a, Budapest 1887, I 13-1 14.
modo a iurisdiccione nostra se retraxerat, humanitate et industria suis propriis in 57 Annales P"agtsini
'sszekijttetdseinek Anonymi itern Nicolai de Ragnina, ed. S. Nodilo, 48.
s_inum reduxit nostre maiestatis, illa servicia et easdem dacias, quas et qire vivente s PeJresanrxe ognyxe Ay6poea.rxlrx Beha y: Aurruit, Odagxe aefto II, MO-43,
domino rege Lodovico, socero ei patre nostro, eidem facere et'dire astri6tus fuerat, 480, o AaryMy 14 noJu4Tl4trKoM KoHTeKcry yn. BrlpKoBr4h, ncroryjd cpedtroaexoeue
nobrs soluturum et exhibituru,m. Ilpeeog y: Eurxa Ha KocoeA 1389. zoduHe, 174- 6ocaxcxe dpcrcaee, 15?-159.
6e tsrproarh, IIctoyruja cped*oeercoete 1ocauclce dpxaee, 159.
-l?5-

:Ls;
 KocoBcxa 6lrrra y velyuapognotr KoHTeKcry L1
6 C. M. Erpxoaxh

Je M:UIO BepoBaTHO ,qa cy ce OH LIJIH IEerOBa BOJCKa 3aIeCHiILI

BaSaJI, TIa Epr.urrultoo 3arileAaFbe y Kotlliperue oKoJrHocrJ4, V3 MaKclIMarHo
y xpruhaHcKoM ra6opy ropuruherre u3Bopa, norcaeyje Aa ce He Mory oAp)Karll ABa rnaBna
Hd ceera urro je Ao caAa r.I3Hero BI{,q!I ce Aa je repl-ITopnja oulo< crioa wa nojnua ly nouirila,re nonynapue rpeAcraee o KocoecKoj 6u,l1n'
Koju cy ce Ha KocoBy cyrr,porcraBurrH ivlypary 6uta Y noJlo)Kajy H3- Hena ocuose Aa ce saMIilxJLa Kao cy-no5 npcra fi nonyMece4a, Kao
Meby qeKuha Ii HaKoBrla, H3Nreby Myparonnx Ba3arla Ha jeA,Hoj crpaHn orurrra l.rcJlaMcKo-xpuurhaucru cyAap rrorrvT paHxx H rro3Hli;{ Kpcrafr-
rl Kparba )KanuyH4a H oHHX KojH cy ra norp.?KaBaJIH, Ha Apvroj crpa- KHx paroBa (rarea je 6lro noxo4 eanprueH 6urrolr rog Haxonoma).
{u1 Canro og ce6e ce HaMehe rrarar*e Haje ru uslteby ABe rpyne npo- Kues Jla:ap H KpaJr' ?uprno 6vnu cy oAceqeHn o,a, xplurhaucne Enpone
rrrBHHKa 6nno capa4r6e lr ycKJlabasar6a arc4LIja. ,{na ra6opa cy, Ha- nojacon noE enaruhy li yrHIlaje,lr Kpaira ilirlrvynla Jlyrccelr6yprur<or.
paBHo, 6una npocropHo o,qBojeHa. npHnaAaJra cy peJIIIrHo3Ho c!trIpor- floueslr crpaHarra y xplrurhancnor,r ra6opy pednentyjy fipucycrBo no-
cratsJbeHr-rM cBeroBrrMa, uaga je y Mlnparouou ra6opy 6r.rno xprurhau- '.'i5, jeAunarJa u.'ru rpyni y cny;r6u oHrrx x.c.iu cy 6anit ca 'Iaprnon. Hlrie
cr(Hx Ba3aJra, a ueby xpuruhancrnM Ap)I(aBaMa rypcKax npujarena, ;r. nocToja"ra noryhiocr .la ce H3 Vrapclie lip-aft,a iKarrtyHqa npltrcyn'lajv
KaKBal je y ro \o6a 6wra Beseqr'ria. H,nax, ano je rpa;r X(nruVnA uo 'i..'.
,Iby,qg sa parooane c Typut.6'ra, an11 je 6lrno llol'yhe yKft'\reIlrTg parHHKe
crurad rroMr.rpeme ca Jlasapol,l lralo .je BepoBar.Ho 4a je ua rbera no. Hs peAo-Ba KpajbeBrrx .ilpoTllBl{l{Iia i(aIiBIl cy 6nnlt HeaH'iaur Xopna'r,
.q,r.r3ao TypKe. A;ra, ca Tnprxolr nr-rje 6uno [roM!Ipe]6a, Ha rbera je xpaE i:r' Hnanr-ui flanllrNua H Apyrl{ HclaI(HVrtI oAMeTHLIIJI'I, npacral'lrqe IIa4n-
noAu3ao eojcry, y Bper{e KaA ce neh cpyuHna onyja ca HcroKa. 36r.rsa- ;'.. cnaea Hallyn'cxor. FIa tblrx ce rlory olHocI{rII noNIeHH Yrapa rann He-
I6a cy ce HeKar(o arycHyJra oxo B4qoo4ana 1389: Trprno I ie Cnrnr- Maqa y asnopinua 5ltlNtr.rn -torabajy; o,nil nacHttju He 3acnylKyjy na-
hariruta ua raj ,r{aH nocraBno poK aa npe4ajy, Mypar I ce yovr-r rora ,Krsy, HapoqHTo TypcKH xpoFlrruapH ca orpoMHHM KaTaIrO3HMa HerIpH-
AaHa 3areKao Ha Kocony, KpaJb )Ifurruyng y ro B.peMe npllKyruba nojcry jarerola r neuoryhllr,r 6pojearnra patuitKa.6r
npor.iq ,,6ocancnor 6aHa", KaKo oH Ha3LIBa Toprra. ,(a ln je cre to Apyra norryJlapHa sa6nyAa norlrqe o,II nPellorueru-a npeAcraBa I:t3
rryrcal cryqajHocr? [roAepHor
-y cBeTa Ha4LIja rr Ha4HoHatIH]IX Ap)KaBa Ha 6urHo 4pyrvall'r
Hu.auo jegaH ueacroprauheH asnop rcoja ei.r,ure ynyhyje Ha rpa- caer Ao6a KocoBcxe 6Hrxe. IpehyrHo ce npernocraBjba A.a ce Typ-
rarbe Hero rrrro HyAH o4roBop. Y cenrervr6py 1389. (Fpanvecrco Kapapa, rrl{Ma cy,fiporcraBuJra jeguHcreeua cpncKa Ap)KaBa rcojou je BJraAao
6r.lsf,rtr{ roofloAap la4one, Es6a.ren !r3 rpa.qa H cBpxHyr c rocnoAcrBa rues Jlasap, HaKo je oAaaHo rro3naro D,a cy ce ocraIJH HeKaAailn*er
oA crpaHe Fau-Iarearra BHcrcoHruja, pa3Marpao je ca caojuru pobanolr npocrpaHor rlapcrBa npeo6pasunrz y ocaNlociraJreHe repllTopuje- rocno-
Cre{auou Kpunrllr (@paHrconau) uoryhlrocra Aa ce Bparn y cBojy .qp- gipa HejeAuanor paura r.r iejegHare cHare.62 Cre$an Tnp15o I, , npa.ru
'Eocne,.u-Cre$arr
x<any. Cre$an je cnoue carclBopHuKy, r-rsneby ocraJror, caBeroBaol ,,rrAr.r- Cf6a w nnee Jlasap, roanoAap Cp6a a flogynan*,a,
re Kpary Eocse, noju mroro Mp3H BHcKouruja (y reKcry je: el cunte Hrncy BnaAarI.r je4H,orl LIcroM AP)KaBolv{, N'lr Byn Epauronnh r<ojrz ce
del Vertu, rj. Comes Virtutum, HaAHMaK uog xojum je 6uo no3Har) s6or na.aipy nonopan.o Kao cIrH oq'1, ,Huje 6rao. naivrecnnK cBoxa racra, leh
nouohr.r nojy je 4ao TypvaHy xa4 .ie Hauao peqeHor Kpuuba. OH he sau caMocraJrau roonoAap ca cBoJoM Tepi'lTopaJorf, ABopoM, aojcltolr u Qu-
qat;r. uouoh H noApluKy a r{aHahe ro paAo Ha rurery Bncnonrnja (del uancuj.ar'ra.
conde di Vertu)".o flpenosHana*e cJroi(eHocrn xpunrhaHcKor ra6opa, I{HAHBlI!,yair'Ho-
To.ce, HapaBHo, Mopa oAuocr{rn .na KocoBo, aJrH je ryawue rrrrypo cra onux xoj.u cy aojcre caKyrrlUiil lI npeABo.{,aJIIl, HeolD(o'4'Ho je sa
r-r. ne gaje ocHoBe 3a KoHKpeTHe 3arcrbyrrKe o roMe narco je rocrroAap pa3v.eleBarrle [ocJleAl44a no noje,qlrue yqecHHKe rI pa3JrHKa y ruIeAqbY
Mranaua 5ao yveurau y 6a.nnaHcne nocrroBe. BacroHra je racuuje 6ao ira 6urxy H H,eH HcxoA. Kpa.n Teprno je r'mry6rao,qeo paruuxa-na Ko-
up,r.rjaper Eajaalrra a ro Huje rpao. Y BpeMe rojuu ce oB.qe 6anr.r,vo coBy, TpyAao ce ,qa orryna eapo6:r'euuxe, ani beroBa cuara urtje 6Nla
on je 6ao caBq3HlrK BeneqlrjaHarla, roju cy orer V 060 epeue 6utu na'.je .vorao ,ta rIacraBI-I AaBHo aano'Iere 6op5e
caBesHnur{ KpaJba )Kraruyu4a, a flporuBu]rrlrr cBr.rx [traHoBa rojn 6a nparrelr )KnrlryHgolr. Oryaa je oH uorao Aa o6aBeurraaa caoje ca'
""Oiriu.t'o"v"ApMaua,
caj
Mornl4 AoBecrH Ao rerurrer rroBe3lrBarba jqqse a ,qplre o,6are JaApatra. negnr.nce y @Hpenqr,t H cBoie ncl,:IaHlrrce y Tporupy-na ie r-rsuojeeao
Hacytnpor caBa3y asnaeby Tnprra, Jlaeapa H Byra ca jy)ItHol{rarajau- nd6e4yr, j-ep -[aypar je nori+ayo, a cua .je ]H,arvcruo 6o!'uo nome, MaAa
cxral Aluryjqsivra ,rr npoAy)Kerr(orvr Ao (Drpenqe (ory,ua roJIHKo HHre- He Henocpe,qHo nocJre 6urrce. 11 I+eronor'{ HaaeuriaaaH'y- o xpuruhaHcKllr{
pecoBarse sa SarnaHcra s6asal6a), Morao ce o6pasonar:.r caee3 )KHr- xtprralra: ,,ys norr-r6njv Hani.ix arlr IIe Nlilorax", pe$nenryje -c-e cran
MyHAa, Benequje n Brrcnosrr-rja ca npo.uylKerKoM ,qo HeKor og Mypa- npe.va ruresy Jlasapy, Hclro;bett icur nspaeltnrje y sayurnarry-_MaqBarl'
rooroq Ba3:ura veliy 6arrraucnu"rr xpu,iuhaaHva. V csanoN{ cnyvajy, Ka- cie 6auonnne o;1 Crpane Teprrtouor caBe3HtIKa i{ capaAHHKa HsaHrlura
papa je oAJry'iIHo Aa H,qe y Eocny, a 3araM y Helravxy, urro 3HarIH Aa
je @pauxonaHoBy cyrecrujy os6nrbHo cxBarao H Aa je MHcJrHo Aa ce 61 Vn, caga S. Cirkovid, O sastauu i snazi Lazareuog tabora na Kosouu, voj-
nal TsprrcoaoM crasy .\{o)l(e rpajIHTr.I geKa noJTuraKa. noistorijski glasnik 2 (1989) 15r-168.
' 62 Hexa npcra pt{BaJlcrBa uslrely TBprKa I r rgega Jla3apa ol{praBa ce }ia
rulaHy TrlrryJrapue cilrr6onrre, IrrTo je pal$rie 3anax<eHo. Y pagy Ilt4T. y Han. I
yrlo3optio caM rra oguoce ,{y6poaqaHa npeMa teputoprja,rxoi rocnoAr rla rJry HeKa-
-no"ereOg.rara*e nocJlaucrBa Jlasapy x ByKy c vroa6ou
m Rerum Italicarum scriptores XVGG fasc. 3: ... io vi consiglio che voy ga
Aarrr*er cprrcKor rlapcrBa.
andiate al re de Bossina, el quale odia molto el Cunte de Vertu per socorsi che lui norapAe cae paHraje ipttcrltx BnaAapa 6rano je cr{ryPHo ilrounrcano o6s"-
a dato a Turcho in ofensione del ditto ro... pt4Ma npeMa TBprKy ,r rseroBoj yJrost{ KpaJ},a Cp6ltua.
68 C. M. B.rproarh Kocogcra 6lrrra y uebynapoAnou KolrreKcry 69

Xopnara. Byrc Epaur<oBrh je ocrao )KHB, caq\fBao je csojy reprropr.rjy buted secondary importance to both Prince Lazar and Vuk Brankovii,
n 6Ho npeAoApebeH Aa npuxBarr Bo.uenY Yrory KoJy Je 3a )KlrBora the ruler of the territory where the battle took place. His prot6g6 Iva-
nIvrao xubs Jlabap. OH y jyny 1389. eo.qu rperoBope ca,xpa.ren )Klr- niS Horvat, the leader of the Naples adherents, took the territory along
MVHAoM H caMocrarrHo tp-ebyje odHoce ca Eajasrlroivt. Hcxo.xon 6arre the Sava (the Madva banatus) after the Battle of Kosovo. After the bat-
siirerrce cv norobeHu Jla:apeau HacireAHtnlra, uuju ce craBoBH, acKV- tle, Vuk Brankovid took the leading place among the Serbian lords that
.tru noineAu pe$nenryjy y rel(croBaMa o I(He3y Jlaaapy, y noBe- had previously belonged to his father-in-law Prince Lazar- The worst
rrarrra" Cre$aHa Jla3apear.rha, y X{uruiy AecroroBoM H ApyrLIM BHAo- consequences of the battle were felt in the territory of Lazar's under-
aN,r*ra rpag^r.u1uje. cre .qo KpHrt{rrKe I{cro-pHorpa0Yje- ra tpagw${ja je
7.
aged heirs who was cared for by the deceased Prince's wife, Princess
npeby,qrio, yrlraarla na yrynHo 3HaI6e o KocoBcKoi 6uuu. Milica (her convent name: Evgenija). The literary tradition arising on
:i
tt'. that territory influenced the notion of the Battle of Kosovo and its
.il
outcome.
i
Sima M. Cirkovit.

THE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT OF THE BATTLE OF KOSOVO

r
Summary
In spite of great interest in the Battle of Kosovo, the diplomatic in-
trigues and conflicts that led to this great confrontation have not been
explained. From the time that the sources arose up until modern literafure,
general motives have been resorted to, primarily the Ottoman's unres-
trainable expansion. A prerequisite to a more accurate understanding of
events is a reconstruction of the political map from the years preceding
the battle and a minute analysis of available material regarding all steps
undertaken by the interested parties at that time. The rulers of the ter-
ritories opposing Murad I at Kosovo did not have common borders with
the invading Ottomans artd were separated from them by a belt of Mu-
rad's vassals, some of whom were independent rulers of parts of the
former Serbian state.
King Tvrtko I, Prince Lazar and Vuk Brankovid, were also separa-
ted from Christian Europe owing to a conflict within the Hungarian
Kingdom in which they supported the followers of Ladislas of Naples, the
adversary of Queen Maria and King Sigismund of Luxembourg. While
Tvrtko I remained the enemy of the Hungarian king the entire time pre-
ceding the battle and continued to put pressure on Dalmatian cities and
rule parts of Croatia, Prinoe Lazar reconciled with King Sigismund bet-
ween February and June 1389, through the intermediary of his son-in-
-law Nicholas de Gara the Younger.
Murad's first wide-scale attack on Serbia was in the spring of 1386,
which did not result in a battle. According to unknown sources used by
Mavro Orbini, Prince Lazar and Vuk Brankovii became Murad's vassals
afterwards. A substantial Turkish detachment invaded the territory of
King Tvrtko in August 1388, and was beaten at Bileda. Ttris attack was
the result of encouragement by the ruler ol Zeta, Djordje II Stracimirovii
BalBiC, who made peace with the Thrks in 1386 and became Murad's
vassal.
Tvrtko I announced in his letters that Murad had attacked him
and been defeated and lost his life in battle. The King of Bosnia attri-