+

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ClIPUJlPHX BUJIXeJIM IjlOH

+ + +

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t t
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~

:t

~ ~ ~
~

I1cTop8jcK8 8 reOrpa<jJCK8008C

KPAJbEBMHE CJIABOHMJE
H

j,
~

BOJBO)l,CTBA CPEMA
KaKO C 063UpOM U3 ILHXOBe npaponue TaKO " U3 IbHXOBO C3}l311Ilbe "HOBO

~
.oco6one ~
~ ~ ~

~ + + + + + + + + + + + t
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ycrpOJCTBO rpabaHCKHM

ypebelbe y

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U.PKBeHHM,

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~ , i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

;
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+... ......

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.;.~

"'PHilPHX

BHJIXeJTM CPOH Tay6e

MCTOPHjCK"

H reOrp3q,CK"

onnc

KPAJhEBHHE
H

CJIABOHIUE

BOJBO,ll;CTBA CPEMA
K3KO C OOlHPOM T3KO " na IhHXORe npnpuane OCOOHHe H3 IhHXOBO Ca,a3II11he yCTpOjCTBO y ~PKReHHM, CTBapHMa rpal)3HcKlIM H HOBO ypel)elhe

H BOjHHM

il3

couaueenoi

iiOCMaillpaJba u 3aila:JICaMa y~[/H>eHu.x y cauoj 3eMJbU

IIpeaee 60lUKO

lIeMa'iKOr

nETPOBI111

MATI1UA

cr-ncx x

HaCJIOBOpHrllHaJl3

Friedrich

Wilhelm

von Taube

OIJI1C CJ1ABOHI1JE 11 CPEMA

IIOhHra

ea YMeUiltyWUM caoilwwelbw,w
3eMibUMU u I1IlUPUMU,

() cyceoHuM

fh

.f,.lil1orifd)e lint: gr~gri1p~ifdje

~ffd)rfibung

61auonicn 6~tmten,
un~
[o rc e I

be; ltOnigreidje;

Hxnoeoj

eKeeAeHI/lIju, 8llCOKOPOOHOMII 61WiopOOHOM to-

be; -tler!ogtf)ul11e;

nom ifjrtr llt'ltllrlidim fOefd)l1ffenfjeit

arB (l1Id)

elloOlmy, iOc/IOOIIllY <PpaHlIY Konepy lpo¢y 00 Hob-Mane, KOMilHOIlPY peoa CG. Caeoana, o6ux PUMCK11Xuapaco-npaaeoCKIIX ee.tlU'JaHcwaaa upaoou wajHoM caeewHIIKY, KpalbeaCKOM eeAUKOM JtC)IiimiY MallOpcKe JtC)IijaHuje EapW, II upeoceOHIIK}' aucoKoiioxaaAHe 1(. K. Hnupcxe OeOPCKe oeuywal(uje Y Eel.iY, MOMe MUAociDuaOM U eucoxosanoeeoojyneu iociioOlIHY, iocaooWly.

nod) i~rcr iiligrn Qi(ffnlflltHJ unb nmen <!intil:)(lmg in fin91id}cn, burgnlid)en unc rni!lfnrijd.lcn IVingrn.

I. 1B u iii.
WIlt tmtrrmifduen :Raci1rid)fen Mil ben (mqran.
roehl;~ fid) ~cllb~rL~t\Ilt>HII Ill!\) eon ben ~!I!)rifTn, inbmid6ruJf!lrfllu6gchtimbLlben.

BJICOKOPODHJ.f 11 EfIArOPOJIHH MJ1HOCTHBH rocnounne,

FPO<PE,

21uifti<ltnCf 5co611dllnn9 ullbim2anbrfdbff9,madJtcll ml~~rnl~mnllgfll flllroDffttl

%rit~t'idj mlil~elm ~on tau6e,

*~ill·r1..It~lli~1.uirfL :l!egiL"tl\M~~rnrr)l, l

Bawa ipcxft06cKa excesenuuia upaau je 3il'l:eiliHUK 060ia OeAu. Jep ilio Wilio je. l1360p Haw iiao Ha MeHe apyncuno MU je UpUAUK}' aa IIcilipa:JtCIUJal.iKa liolAeaa UPOiiyiliyjeM II ilia'l:HO yii03HilM 3eMA>e Koje ce oaOe Otlucyjy. JIJOICHOCifl U saxeanHOcill oupaeoane Oa/Ule CMeAOCw KOjy CUM yseo oa ooe He3HuillHe »uctaooe iiOHU3HO uoc:aeillUM Bawoj EKCeAeHI/ujU. Ho {liiaK He Moly oa iipoiiycilluM UpUAUK}' a oa jaGHO He oaM uspaso IICKfJeHUM II ilPUPOOHUM '1yacluallMfI HajJ/CIIGA,e 3aXOUAH.OCWUU tlOld.llU08a1-ba Willo lI.X oceHaM iipeMa jeoHoM upoCBeneilOM MIIHIIL'ilipy «oiu je CBOjUM ea.)ICHltM opxcaeu na pa3AU'1uilie Hal.iUHe }"1l1fbeHUM YCAyiaMIl auexao HUKAOHOcifl jeoHe ecauxe napuue II liowilioeafbe COIIX tiailipllmlia.

... =====
Hacnoeaa crpaua oparuaannor HJ1laH.3! KlbllfC 113 J777. r.

Syoe
C80J1Hl

/lU

iliaKua

uuuuciuap

Doe

,1/.!lcUioae

tlO'-laCUi006UO

txdie ilio H11jaelia I1oxeo//(/ ceoj KH,IDU he ce co oy60KuM 1I01,yI1i08U-

ray&. nPED,rOBOP

Bev, 16. jVll~ 1777.

CA)ll'iKAJ
npoe KlhHre

s
§ § §

,27

2.
3 4

§28 ,29 *30

§31

5 6 7 8

§ § §

§32. ,33 §3<

§35 §J6 §37 § 3~

§" '10

'" ,12
,13 §14 §15 §16. §17. §18 §20 §21

,39
§40 ,41 §

42 """'"

""-,,",,

"""""""

§43. § 44. Clla6a §45. §46

H3CCJLCHOn3eMlhe"

§22 §23 §24 §25.

§47. *48. §49

'26 10

11

§ §

50.
51.

H,HX0BMOpa.1HIIKapancp.
Ha'lltlllKHIlOTJ. napaBIiI! 06H'IajH,

s 60. o

HaSHKCI1mlpilV

aycrpIIJcKIIMHTVI)CKIIM

nornaeapv rpsxe KojaltttjcvjC.IlHlhCHaC K3mrtH'IKOM. §61.11360pnOfJlaBlltlCHJ1H

MH11XlnOJlHTa §
62. EUltCKOmt KOjll crojc

lIpKBC

* 53. *
§

52.

JCMJhaMa XpaHa npocmr

aapona

nOJ1

nOpcKJ10 xpHwhaHcna 54 . Ilec BpcTC pcnarnjc Y C.~1IBflHlljH § 55. KaTOJUl'lKa pc.lIHrllj<l § 56. 0 npunanaauesm rp'lKC pc.mtrHJc KOJH cy noa H311CCHHMYCJloBHMa npncrvnamr KaTOJlH4Koj
UpKDH

§ 63. npIIXO!lH cnacsona ~ 64. l1:J6np It npasa cru-csona § 65. OrpilHH'ICHo<lIbHxoBllxnpilBa § 66. HnJl(CCBCWTCllCTOO rp'lKe upKBC K(lJ~ tc OJUl(ljCHa 0,11 KaTOJIH'IKC. § 67. HoHXOBltMMaUarTnpHMJ

OflWC CJlABOHH,JE M CPEMA

§ I. 3a 'fYDel-be je na He rtocroje noope reorpadcxe «aprc )CMJhe «oja je TaKO '-IeCTO 611.011 nonpaurre KpBaBI1X paroea. 06w·lHe aaajv MHOro rpemaKa. GOJbaje Be.nI1KaKapT<! Cnaaonaje 11 Cpeaa xojv je no uanorv nosojnora CPCJUlerapuraaa CPOHKeecaxaacpa (Khevenhiiller) ro.nI1He 1720. upTao loJe¢ Fanea (Gadea) a lox. Ana» lllMyucp (Schmutzer) pe3ao y Geqy y naa JII1CTa.Arm OHa snje rpa.tt.y"paHa, a HMa jour H npvrax rpcwaKa. TaKO na npaxep peen Hnoea aaeape aa xpnarcxoj rpauaua, Ml-IOrO 6JII1)!(c Ilpana, a MaJIa Bnaunca vorturrc Hl1je Ha3Ha'iCHa. OCHM rora, on 1720. aucro ce urra npoMCHI1.nO, 11 CPCM je nocrao Bel'i.l1. Maora (lJIaCTeJIllHCTSa, Hnp. KapJIOBlIH, 3e~tyH, Mmpoaana 11 enure npvrux, He nocroje aaure, Hero npananajv rpaHH'IHI1M BOjHI1M 06JIaCTI1Ma. XOMaHOBI1 HaCJIe.!l.HI1UH (Die Iwmannisclief_l Erben) H3pe3aJ111 cy ony Ka)ITY nOHOOO, rpa.nyHpaJIH je H nanx jc y J-be3HHOM 06H'IHOM dopaarv, He ucrtpannajvha rpcWKe. CCM rora, neOMa MaJIO accra CTaBJbCHO aa Ta"lHy BHCHHY npeMa Ilonv, je a na H HC roBopmfO na je Cpex n;y)!(11 II na aa 48 ~!I{Hyra, -rj. aa 12 HCMa'iKHX MJ-Vl,a.nC)f(ll acro-uraje HO WTO cro]a na TOj

57.

§68.0I-hltX<'BltMM(lnaCmtaH

I1mtpHMaKOjH nchc aa ce VJCII,HHCcKa·wJlH'IKOM

npKIlOM

§5H.j·bHXOB01('lC\!,C § 59, !loOIlJl,WalbCr-r,HxoBHX

UpKBCHH~ CTlIapH na CD.

CHliO.!lV0nl776

«aprn.
Haj60Jb3 on CSIIX aoje jow HMaMO jecrc oaa KOjy je nao U. K. cpeJI.nMapwa.n H !lp)!(aIlHH caeeraax rocrtonau rpodi q,OH Jlaca (von Lacy). OHa 06YXBaTa He caao CJlaBOI-lI-Ijy, Hero 11 12 13

'IHTaOY KpaJheBHHY Mauapcxv, ca CBHM QCTaJlHM MaUapcKHM Je~UhaMa, a UPTao jy je najop MIDIcp (Miiller), 1I0K jy je BHHKJlCP (Winkler) r. 1769. H3pe3aO Y Eic'IY Y Saxpv aa 16 nCJiHKHX JlHCTOBa KOjH ce MOry CaCTaBJbaTH.HaCJiOB je: Hungoria. cum provincus omnibus. Creapao je aa )({aJbCl-be !lITO ce QDa naeaa H nparcucaa xapra He MO)({C KyflHTH. Easnpac f1J1{)4CfipH)({JbHDO ce 4ynajy, H on fMIX HHjC Ha411H.eHQjow HH 20 oracaxa, KOjC je rOCnO,IUIH <VeJlllMapWM nao caao COOjHM Haj60JbHM rrpnjarenaaa Mehvru«, HCKH n03HaBaOIDI HHcy HM C OBliM KaPTaMa caCBHM Ja.uOOOJbHM. craaa je .ua OHe H HHCY CHHM!l.CHC npeva 3C1pOHOMCKOMnoowrpanv. aero caMO aa 06H'laH Ha'lMH. § 2. Flocne pHMcKor oceajan,a, xojc je nano jour npe Ue:mPODHX DpeMcH3, lI06I1J1H cy naaaunea Cnaaouaja H Cpe» HMe IlMCPlljaHCKC Ilauoaaje (Pannonia Valeria IDIH lnteram!lis), xoje je OCTMO 110 'lCTBJITOr DCKa, HaKO cc '1HTaB osaj nee Flasona]e sen y npvroe Bery pe'rvuao y J.1JlJIPHjy.1llaHawl-bc IIMC 1l0JlaJH HcocnopHO 01l Cnaaena, CrlOBCHa MJlH Cnaaaa,aaa (Slaven. Slovenen HJlH Slmvinier),' fOjH cy r. 640. IlpCWJJH npeico Ilvuasa M aanoccna J..1JJHPHjy.\tpeM, MCT04HH nee KpaJbCDHHC, .n06HO je HMe on svaeaor pMMCKor rnaaaor rpana Symuum-e. Ilaaac MMC J.1J1HpHjaHe onroaapa BMWC KaHUCJJapHjCKOj vnorpeca, MaKO je sehaaa UJaOOHaua y npoiunoue aeev npelllJla OBaMO H3 l)'peKC Hnapuje M 06H'{H0 cc Ha3HBa HJlJ.lpHMa. AJJM ce Caaaoaaja HC MO)Ke y KaHUCJJapMjC~~J yn011'c6H Ha3BaTH I1J1HPHjOM3aTO IllTO cV CC I1JIHPH, KOjH cV y rtpomnoa BCKY HanycTIlJJM CBOjy OTau6flHY, paWHpH1IH MHoro ,!J;aJhCM HaCCJlHJJHce H y Mauapcsoj, Ep1lCJbY H Y Teveuraapceo« Eaaarv. nOWTO CBM 111IHpH KOjH )KHBe y aeMJhaMa avcrpajcxor- uapcxor IIOMa H npnnaaejv HCTO'fHOj upI I. ReJ(Y o6yxaaTaJla MOpy; TJ. AJ10allHJY, llaJlMaUHjy. XPDilTCJ(C

KIlM CTOjC non 111IHpeKOM,[IlOpeKOM nerrvranajo«, OOHHja, XpBaTCKa It napajaaa

TO

ce Cna-

avcrpnjcea

llanMaIDIja

He

aoev

y KaHUC-

BHUle J.1JlHPHjOM. Y CTBapH, MMe J.1JlMpwja 06YXBaTa UpKBH. Mebvra», OHH on I-bMX KOjH IlpM-

CDC napone M3 UCJiOKynHc HJJHpHje 6MJJMOHJ.lnOllJ]O)KHM naTHHCKOj HJlIt rpsxoj nanajy rp-ncoj UpKl.lM He aoev ce naaac J..1J1MPM, Hero PaIDI (Paurana; Rascier), MMe aa «oje OHH ann 0 KOM ce y AyCTpHjH He

(Raizen oder Raazen),

MHCJlClIa je CJJaBHHjeon oaora,

§ 3. Hajaaanajnnje pexe cy Ilpaaa, lIYHan M Caaa. Ilpea ce HCTa4HO HaJHBa Drau, a nocnenn,a norpeWHO Sail. )lYHaB CC [COIl Hnapa Ha3HBOI.nYHaB (Dunag).
If

ODC 3 jaxe M IlJJOBHe

pexc 'lHHC rpaaanv Mauapcse, Cpdaje

KPaJhCBHHCaa 3 c11'aHc ].:I lICJJe je 0,lJ, EOCHC; aa aanamo] c11'aHH rpaHHuy

'lHHM XpBaTCKa.2 TIpeKO OBJ.lXpexa, «oje cae 11'H H3BMPy Y Heaavxoj, nOlIITO ce cnoje .n06Hjajy HMC D.YHaB H yrnqy Y UPHO MOpe, HHjC carpaben Hwjc.uaH MOCT. Ilvruax je naxnc npnaopaa na HX, C KOJlWMa H KOlbHMa, npcnaaa y nJIHTKHM 'IaMUHMa Ii CKCJJaMa,M 'leCTO y3 onaCHOCT no )({HDOT. Hnax, npceoa jc 6CCIlJJaTaH Ii ua aettaan MCCTaooaenajv ra DOjHHIDI 6po1lapH HJJMOOHTOH.ePH.AnH 3MMH OH CCJ60r nena KaTK31l3 npcsaaa aa HCKOJll-lKOnasa; H rana nyrHHK 'lCCTO aopa na CC C11'OH Y «axeoj jaaaoj cenaaxoj nornevuneua aoja HCMa 'laK HH rtposopa. Hajaanoraja rtpcnam npeMa Mauapcxoj, pa'lYHajyliH Ocexa, on aanaaa ua HCTOK,jccy: 4) xon I1JIOKa, 5} noxpaj 1) 6ap'lKH ICOll ccna Bap6) noepaj

xa, seaanexo on Baponarane, 2) noxpaj Bamoea, 3) xon

Ilerpoeapannna, KaPJIOBaua M 7) KO.u.Cnauxaaeaa. na npeeoa jc jax. J..13MCby3cMYHa H Eeorpa-

_v

jc i-lJlHpHja c3M[(I06J1acTil 1M JallpaHC.KOM Hcrpy, H >taJiH nco )JiI{r3Uni>C CnaBOH~Jc H

2 Mana pexa HJlona 611J13 je HHa'iC rpaaaua HJMChy CJl3110Hlije H XpBaTC~C. L{aHac jc OHa rpaHHUH caao npeaa Ilpaaa; 3aTO UITO je IlJIaCTCJlHH c'rnu [(ymHii npHrlojcHO CJliI!I()IHlj"

14

15

JlHHl1jl1

4. LlY')JolHa OD. Xpaarcxe no Cpcea H3HOCH y npaaoj «pea eamvx 18 HCMa'lKI1X I1JIH reorpadceax MlUba, a WHpl1Ha 011Fpanaune 110 Jlpaec 12. Cpeu Y CBOjOj uajeehoj D.Y)l(HHll I1Ma nonvtue 16 MItJba, ann on jyra aa ceBep IllHpoK je caao 6. thrrasa Kpa.n,CBHH<t Cnanoaaja, 1l0D. KOjOM
§

pexa
aeroaa
HMa

YKil3yje ce )Ky60pa

CC

aa

HCOCJIllKOj

YD.a.JbeHOCTI1;

TOK pywlt

y 6JIH3HHH 6WJIO OD. H3rJIClI.

ca
KYlI

CTeHC;

cpecpnacrn 110aaanvx onjckvjc 6HJIO on

YKpaTl(Q, O'lll

najecha

lITH'Ije

nCCMC.

oaaj «paj
CC yDe-

poMaHTI1'1aH

ron

ce OKpeHyne,

fly

Balla

nOD.:pa3YMcBaTH·

If

CPCM,

D.:yra

jc

lIaKJlC

npasoj

cenaaajv HOBHM KJ.lX npeneera. § 7.

MHJIHHaMa

y lIHBHOj

pa3HOllHKOCTI1

capona3HMH

lll1HHjH

on aanana
'1HTaBOj npcMa

aa

llCTOK

34

MllJhC. M(lruCTHC YCPClI

Bnamxc 1f3HOCll oncrvnaae cacana Ta'l110 15 CTcnCHH H 18 MIlHyra, xao lIlTO caa 3ana:1H0 1777. rOllI1HC. OHO CC nojavaea 'IHM ce
aarranv.
MaJlC

§ 5. Y 15 crencau

Ttyueeu

cy

HCKaJIlIpMHCaHJ.:1 nYTOBaTJ.I OTKaKO

H BPJIO pl:laBH. no

ce

3CMJhlf

uncrvnaae

ar-ne

H3HOCll

Y Flaupauv,

Kp03

nJIilHlfHY

HC MOlKe

6C3 onaCHOCTH

IKHBOT,

'1aK HI1 y

caouauaaa. nvrena,

TeK

je CAa6l111 Jowif;
nplllUJJO MOCTOBa.

1/

ycpece no-

ttao

OBY 3CMJhY TpHllyT

CBOjHM

rtpacvcrnoa,
nyreBH

npaBJbaa,y JKyrraHHjJ.l

nacana
ce jow

11 MaJlHX Haj60JbH

Y Iloaccurxoj

rtpexo Jlpaee npcte y Mauapcsv. Y nC'Iyjy KOMTIaC 01Ic1)Ina 'IHTaDHX 18 CTcnCHH II 15 MIfHYTa npeaa cananv. Ila aaje TOMe Y3poK anoro reoxte, soje canpacc fipna y Illrajepcxoj, Kopvuncoj H KpafbCKoj? § 6. Cnaeonnja je
xaoca 3eMJha

xoja xao na
6YlIyhH

jc

TeK

npc

20

Kpan,enHHH,~ He J.l3y3HMajynl1 HJ.I TprOna'IKH rryr (Commerciatstrasse) 011Ilcrpoeapanaua aa 3cMYH. Ilpc HCKOJlHKO ronaaa carpatea je nyr OD. rlaxpana no XpDaTCKe, caCBHM npaa H OHDlI'IeH aohxaaa. CCJTa lllTO cy aanaanna na H> nopvurena CV I-!
y 'IHTaDOj

aanaac

romuta
pYKa

H3BY'lcHa

ll3

H CTBopcHa,

na

je

nvncxa

nocana jow MaJIO nparexna y nouoh npxpona. Konaso JlIf jow npapomor- finara JlCIKH y epaxv, HJIH CC '1CCTI1TO He npcpabvje If sao WTO rpeoa He KOPIfCTIt. Ko rwrvjc xpoa OBY BeOMa 6JIarOCJTOBCHY 3CWhY, 'raj aa CDC CTpaHC HaHJJa311 6l1J1O

crpaae na onpebeaox carpnbeuc BOjHH'IKC svhe,

ca o6e he

oncrojarsv
ITel"pOBapaIlI1H Marro

jCD.HaKO

paaxcurreao
paJ6ojHHUH. nyTHI1K

He 6H JIH ce 01l.6ltJIH

AKa CC H3y3MV Ocex, OB,[IC uatta I.JCTO OHaKO

II y TYPCKOj. A.JIH

11 3cMyH,

iocwtlOl-IIIqa

11 tlpcllonu!Ywa Ha));OI<Habvjc CTaHODHItKa, Mory

na

6apYWTJ.lHC

6C3

nna,
ca

MO'lBapc HarJlI1M

11 MJYfBa

6JIaTa,

6HllO

aa
H

xao
KOj" qyjy

rOCTOJhy6HnocT BOlle KaKBe Kall

oaaj HeD.OCTaTalC nornvnc rp-ucax eaaacrapa H Sorarax

HCnp()JIa3HC 1l0JIHHaMa,

IlJIaHI1HC 6HJIO

C1"pMHM ')J(D.peJIHMa lllYMe,l 6HJIO

H lIY60-

liM

aa erpoaae
KojHMa

Mpa'iHe OKO

umpoac

.!lobe .npyurrBO
OBllC y

H Kau

011nvrnasa
y

na
y

HOBOCTH.S .npYIC'IJ.lja

spaja carxenam He Mo;~C. A JhynKa npapona «ao na ce ocaexvje: aa CDC C1"paHC npvaca OHa lIHBHe 113rJIC,[IC KOjM osapaaajv OKO. WyMC cy 8 MCCCUH ronnunec aaaaa CBCIKC H 3CllCHe ce: sao na anurra aaje yBCno, a JCMJhB cc nenpecrano vxpauraaa HOBHM IIBCneM. BpejKVJhUH cy npespnoesn crspn» lIDopUHMa HJlH BHHOrpa,1lHMa, B }lOJlHHC fiaurrava xoje je aacamna CBMa upupona. BCJlHKa
paBHI1UC lI1CTOTaKOItJrJIClUlJIojcHCKalIayHcM3"KOj. Term in horrtde. ("'/ p"{lIIlih,IS foeti". Tadus de M. G .. cap. V
IInil'frsulJl (111/

nornvac

§ 8. KnH~a je paeaaua a aapoxarc

y cpe6pyapy; y HCnOD.HOlUJhHBO 4 OBOTpc6a

Cpexv
H TCJlO

aero nponene

Heaa-nroj.
cacnaje.

Jcp

06H'IHO

TIO<[HlhC J1eTo

ach
je M3-

IlJJ3HHHH TOnJIO

Me5yTHM

HCIUTO

Snaa on aera

Hco611'1HO

sil"is

npHOHCilTH llC\fMOpHOj 6pH311 p<W'iby611oor acnacor w:yJaunoaaha Ilapvaapcsor >1.Cll<lHnilCMHh.,mjHccllBOpauHaila3HHa6pcrynopcllnyra,IIMao jc 06H'IaJ na TPylXlM 3~ ll03IlBaa.c caM OOJHBa npo.lla3HHKC UCKa My csparc CTapa IICMH'IKJ n)('"TOJby6~B<X:T npcCC.I!H;13 cc can y C.l!aBOHlljy. oaHa.f.

rpocba

16

17

JlaKCaJlOM TPOMO.6 Ben v eeccuv jVHY nO<IMH.e)KeTBa V CpeMV; V CrraBoIDIjM HCIlITO «acaa]e. Jeces tpaje 06H'lHO no CnHCBeTHX; OKO bo:ilmF:13 Ii Hone ronaae XJIallHol'la je najaceiuha. npMMCTHO ca« na je 3HMa V nJiaHlfHlt jaxa sao vcpea HCMa'l«e; aMi pCTKO 'tpaje rtpcxo 2 »eceua. BaJi>yx je npno pa3Honnx. Y CpC.!I.MHH 3eMJbCM3MCbV Spna Sacrap je, 'lHCT H anpan; a11M.!I.Y)K 3 pcxe BCOMaje aeanpae. Jcp TC 3 pcxe 'JCCTOcc H3JlHBajv, nnaae panHl1uv cnvn umpou i.J ocraenajv BC-'IHKe sro'mape, xoje He cauo llITO nospaaajv OCMi.J !lCO xparseeane, nero 0.0. npHlleKC nO'lliH>y na ce Knape H 3apa)l(yjy eaaavx. Orva aacrajv TCUlKC rpomaue, KOjC YHHWTaBajy TOJlI1KO!bY.n:H, Hapo'lIITO cl"paHaua, na ce OCCK M Iferponapazaa Ha311najy ip06IbeM Heuauu, Llpyra aeanea oaora xpaja, «oja aacraje 360r Sapvurruaa, MHoro6pojHa je 11pa3H(lnpcHa raaan, xoja je ncra HenO.!I.HOIllJbMBa.7 Hajaene 1l06po4HHCTBO sojc 6M cc MorJlO vxaaera oeoj 3CM!bM 6HJ1o 6H cnaxaso «an 611 ce 1I()I!!IIlAe M.0'16ape,H «oje, xao H eranarcee, HC cauo 1lIT0 nyHe eaaavx pl5anl1M McnapcH>HMa a 3CM.J1,y OTpOBHHM )l(l1nOTI1H>aMil, aero cnaxe remote YHHllITanaJY no HCKOJlHKOXII!b3.J(albyHM. Ka.n. 6H CC 011 Cane, OHHC rne oaa YJla3H y Cnaaomqv, ircconao npan nJIOnaH xanan, ncpen fipna, lIY)f(I1HOM Kp03 'lHTaB spaj 110 3eMYHa, M llpyrM lly)l( Ilpaac 110 BYKOBapa, oana Y ra nea xaaana He caao IlITO 6H CC H31lHBaBe CBe MpTBC H noxeapene aone, H M04Bape ce HCyrnHJIC cave 011 ce6e, Hero 6M ce H cxparnno H cnaxurano nvro H MY'"'HO nyroBalhC CaBOM, llITaBHWC 'lIfHIB 611 raj xpaj nocrao MHoro npajatnajx, BCCCJmjHM eenn. (, Y Iloprvrana]a
y OIlHM JCM.n.a~ta HC H

§ 9.

JIG/Wl(

OIiCOKUX

6pi>a CC4C Kpan.CBI:IHYllY)KI1HOM. Ta

rpaHHUJ-I ua peua H.nOBH, MJlM Y CC 011 aanaaa npeaa con 11J10peKe, MI1MO CBe Y)Ka H npatinaacaaajv

6P.llll n01.(].lH.Yaa xpearcaoj

CTBap» U3Jla3C 113 XpBaTCKC, nporexv HCTOKY CpellHHOM 3CM.JbC,nocrajv CC ](011 Bvsoaapa jterpoaapannaa jlvnauv,

KOjl1l1X Haj3<1.1l. noaapvje Hm jY)l(HY

rca. O.naTJIC cc Spna cnvurrajv

H Kapnoaaua, 1 car IICTlO.nKapnoeaua jY)KHa 06aJIa Ilpaec )KYlb<lKa TaKO H

o6any

H Haje.!I.HoM KOHa'lHO npecrajv .no 3cMYHa, «ao M ce KaKO on 6pcpamneue KOjC cy

OCTaTaK Cpeaa

H ceacpna Caae cacrojc HIiCKHX nccsa H nnonxe

on

H3MewaHC ca MOqnapaM<l. Hajannra 6pna HMajy

458

XBaTI1HJlH

2748

CTOTIa M3Han nonpuraac TPHjy rJlaBHHX pexa. AnH cc nnaaaaa He cacrojn 011 ronnx HenJlO.llHMX CTCHa Ii ll.MBJbHX je aacabcaa anaorpanaaa M eohxaaa. OB.llC

JIHTHua, nero je lICJlOM rVCTO 06paCJJa U6YH.CM H nliCOKliM lIpBchCM, nenoa onne YKpaWCHH cy BPXOBH CTapHM nopyweHItM ,QBOpUHMaH

lIpyrHM p<l30peBHM 3rpallllMa, MCl5y KojHMa caa HCKC, no aa'lHHy «axo cy rpabeae. npenoanao «ao PMMCKCOCTane; BCbaaa 11T1<lK nOTH'!C 113cpenucra § 10. HCMa xpaja Sorarajc
lIeKOOIIWUM 11380pUMa

BpeMeHa. oonapcaa ilioilllllM «yueaua,

M OOOaMU Hero urro jc nJlaHItHCKH nee

CnaBOHHje. Pevane H nOTOuH KOjH .nOJla3CH3 nJlaHHHC HMajy TOJlHKOTOnJlHX H3BOpa urro y H>HMa'leCTO Ii36Hjajy, na CC He 3aMp3aBajy HM 3HMH, npH aajsehoj XJIMHOftH.9 Hajsvaesxje 6aH.C cy y

Eapyaapy

17aKpa4Y.

Morno

6H CC Y Cnanoazja Aim naaac ce

Illnanuja nenea arcrajc

'!OOCKa TaKO "lpOMHM

H CpCMY TlO.IDl.nH50 6aH.a, urro he ce MO)l(l1a H lleCHTII xan

I>IHOro schal-lcroyClla"

BOHlljHfICpcMy,KaolUTOCBCIIU'IHTCpMmlcrap.AJ1I16c.J063Hp3H3TO,JKera 411HII 11 JlCHIiM 1(80 Y OBHM~

3CM.J1,a jCllHOM 6YllC HaCClbCHa «ao IlITO rpeea.

.I1y.D..H nnaure TpOlliKa aa KOjH HMKO ache All CC o.IT.JlY'lH.

II

1 KOMapauajcTOllIIKoMHoro1l8YJ1CTlbCBC4Cl3Mpa'lCKan.:aaaCyt'l_ UC. OIlH ty ncurro Bchli ~Oll nero mJHx. y Eic3 HCMa'I1roj, a Hail IhHXOH ~pcIlCTl)1>I yOOll IIC BHUle 611 cc OOJIH vonurtc

~:~~IH~~~:T~lCrl)

"PC-"':C

"npoma
ruunc HCOf[XOl{HC

oenta

caM

'Iyo

clIa6

npnroecp

JliI

~y

MIl'lHapc

J60r

CTO'IIlC

11 HYJKI1C

18

19

Ty H TaMO aaanaaa ce ua Ja6paH nHTOMHXKenCHOBa, 'fHjl1 je nnon npajaran aa jeJJO. Senora nvna. mar vaocaor xpacra W3aTWM ,[l,HSJhMX ann aeaa KOpMCHe apauieaaae Y xpajenaua Kp03 xoje npoTIf'le jlpaaa HaJla3Mce epno '1eCTO 6eJJaronona (PopuM vaja je urvrusnxana cvabepacra Kopa J(e6ena rpn nanua H MOlKe na nocnvea liCTO xao nnyra. Eopoea 11jena MMa MaJIO.Bp6a raeote HeMa y llOSOJ1,HOj KOllli'lHHII.111 BerraKO je 06HJ1,Ccnancora KopeHa (Glycyrriza oder Liquiritia); aeroao xopenen jaso ce 1I3S03!f11Cl1yIKHaa 3anYllIa'le. ~Han.a rpeunsa, «pvurra H ja6yKa cy vecre. Y nlfTOMHMjadvxaMa M CKOPO CBeMnpvroa BOny jonr YBeKce oceha npMJlH'faH Y aenocrarax;» aa KaKO1I06po na vcneaajv y OBIIMxpajenaaa. Jep I1JlHPH, xojaaa Y KapaKTepy JleIKWna cc HHMaJIO 6PHHe HY aa nOTOMCTSO, HllCy no calla Mapmlll na cane sone y 'mjHM ruonoaaxa aehe YIKllsaTH OHH, Hero TeK lbHXOSH vavna. YTomlKO cy npenaaja y cabelbY mnaea (Zwetschen- und Pflaumenbiiume), aa -raje ce npocrpaHe orpateae llIyMe HaHJla3H aa cee crpaHC. Iloncrpen OEOjHeo6H'fHoj epenaoha jeere llITO ce on rtnona peveaora eoha neve ecemmja xoja je non HM~HOM paxaja HllH um.aaoanua (Raky oder Schlivavicza) CBaKOllHeBHO HajoMHJ1,eHlfjenahe Hnnpa y TYPCKHM aaIf H uapcxa» 3eMJ1,aMa. 0BO mine sraje TaKO )KeCTOKO «ao lllJ1,)'!BOBapaxaja «oja ce npana V Mauapcxoj H Heaassoj Ken cenaa HMa bV6pera, OH ra He S03lf aa IhHBy, Hero V uusaaax, na 61I llo61IO amue 1130ecHaBpcTa llIJ1,HBenaje TaKO nccpe cvne urnaae xao IIITO CV <ppaHUYCKe. caanapcrea, HMa y H3HcHaovjyhoj KOJIH'fHHHH OH ce jour YBeK6PHIKJhMBO pa3MHO)KaBa. 6alIeMY, CMOKBliH T. ClI. raY «ore HeMaOCKy!IHUe.BHHorpa.rr.OM aacabeua om: 6peIKYJ1,cy H HlICM fipna. Cpea I1Maaajnaure H najfion.nx BliHOrpa,fla; oaaaoma,e IIPHO BMHOaanrra He vcrvrta montepulciuno-c. :JICetUaa rJIaCI1 jenaa rtocnoamra, soja ce 3aCHIIBaaa HCKyCTBy. jean SHHOV Cpeuv ncopc 6Ylle, rtpcaa TOMe jeBTHHO, oaaa VMMpe aaoro aaure csera Hero y ronaaaaa xan je 6ep6a pbaea. -laraaa 3eMJ1,a npespaeeaa je pa3HOBpcHHM jaKHM 1I MHpaunsaeaa JleKOBMTHM 6lIJ1,eM.CBe anoreee V Heaaveoj MOrne 61I ce onauac cHa611eBaTH 6HJ1,eM xopersea. Ana nernaH ea ce Saur ocparao. CKynJ1,aTHSan,e, TO je aa I1JIHpa cvaaure
1.Uf

lus alba),

JI06pa 6ep6a,

reurxo; H 3aTO OHOmTO liM je nOTpe6HO,anOTCKapHaopajv na llOPV':IYjy H3 HeMa'fKC. Y jenen-rn.aeaea, CMP'lKOBlIMa, TplI<paMa H en. BJIalIa06HJ1,C.1Ma oenc H pa3JIH'fMTor1I1ISJher l 6HJ1,aKOjHM ce MOIKe 60jMTH, M opno nerm, 1I novanaac H avrorpajao. To je ::KeHCKa rajna. TIOllITO BOJle11aMaIKY nane, IKCHe majv na nartpaee on xopena MaCTxoja je MHOro nplIponnnja M neruua Oll cppaatrvcxe, HC KOUITaHH vnona TOJIliKO a HHKaKOce He MOIKe cnpara. Heea 6H 6ap 'ra Man ocrana BC<JlffO Hen03HaTa y be'IY, Ilepaav H JiOHlIOHY! § 12. Am ce H3V3MC CPCMCKO BOjBOlIcTBO, xcje ocsvaena y .nPBeTY,H HeKH xpajena y CnaBoHHjH, cae OCTaJIO jenua je orpoaaa CKOPOaenpexama» xpacwoaa lJ!YMa V KOjOj ce BPJIO'feCTO MO)Ke aaha onna'ura rpaba aa Sponorpanav. Xpacroea cy Heo6wl.Ho neno 1I BHTKOJ.l3paCJIlI, I llMajy BPJlO 1

20

21

aapaao CTa6JJo. l.JCCTOcy BItCOKIi Ii npaen xao jene H caeaoae o nenaxcj I1JJOllHOCTHJeMJMfWTa. Ilpexo JlntC aanpacaaajv JUfCT, «oja eonoaa jCllY Ii I-bHMCCC xpaHC can je 3CMJbanpexpaaeaa CHcrOM. Kaa 6H Cnaaoan]a fiana aa MOpy, 611Jlo 611. Y H.Oj BI1We .!I:YKaTa HO WTO .!I:aHaCI1Ma rpoiua. 360r rcra .!I:OHOCeWyMe eaoro aoaaua MarHaTHMa M I1J1CMHnHMa.Jep CBaKI1. en.as HllH 'rpronau CTOKOM,KOjH CBOjCCBHac xohe na c Tepa Y )I<HP, acpa na 110 KOM31IYnnara '-IeTIfpH rpowa aa naa aeceua, WTO Y BCllHKHM BJl<lCTeJlHHCTBHMa JHOCH rO.ll.ItWH,C H HeKollHKO xarsana cpopHHTH xan )!(HP ll06po rroaece. AKo He rroaece, npeene, YMCCTOxnpa, 1l0HCCCcaao uraurapxv (Knospell oder Knobbe/I), KOjy Ta6al..Ul Kyoyjy na urraae KO)!(Y.J4 AJJ.H ce TC umurapxe jaw cJJa60 csvnnajv, aero rpvne no nyrHHK HC MO)!(C na ce HC nvra xan rnena HeonHcaHY KOJJH'-IHHYHajJICI1WHX cracana KaKO y wYMaMa JlC)!(C na JCM.JhH H -rpvnv. Ka.n ce pvura rpate, onna CBa cTa6JJa xoja HHCY nornvao anpaaa ocraanajv na JJC)!(Cy wy~m. "406aHH Ii nyrHHUH KOjH ncra Ii 3HMI1 npoaone HonH y WyMH nanc sarpy yJa cTa6J1o casuor ncmncor ));pBCTa, KOjC YCJJC));rora aopa na CC ocywli H J111lIHe.A Ii aerap ofiapa aaoro cTapo npaehe. Kan ce nyr KpOJ myMy J10Knapl1.H npcnnce, OH));ace npocclI,a aoa HJUi ce crape J1POUlHpyjC. Y 06a cnv-raja CC'IC cc npeehe koje CTOjH aa rtvrv, H xoje ocraje na llClKH H Mapa na HCTpyHC. KOllHKO 611.ce noramc OB,[IC MOrJlO }J,06HTH H KOJJHKOrnolK5a? § 13. Ko MHCIIH na cy CJlaBOHCKC WyMC nYHc JnCpH xoje ce Mory jeCTH, 'raj je y BCJlHKOj 3a6ny));H. Y urvuaua BpBH 0,[1 mnO~IHX, a HC on D.HBJhliX)!(HnOTH!i>3. JCJlCHa yonllITc aeaa, D.HIlIhC CBHH:.eey BCOMa pcTKC, Ma KaKO aa cc HHa'iC pane Ja.lIp)!(aBajy y Sapaaa H MO'IBapaMa, cpna H ]C'ICBa -raxobe
I~ 0 IUI!IUapKaMa caM omuapno nacao Y CooIIC npllKaly CHfJlecKC

HCMa cvaaure.e Fpafusnne JBepH HliCY 6JJarOCliOB rtpapozc, aero 6H HX afior crosapcrua rpedarto HCKOPCHHTI1., ao WTO « jc 6HJlO y Eurnecicoj. Y CJlaBoHHjH aaaoce «enacna nOJlOBMM3 H nvcnaaa BCJlHKY WTC1)I;

aaorocpojaa

nyKODH cecraa

cV oevapcrav; roaana nacmra, KyHa HT}J,.aanajv 3CMJbOpallHHKy ne.T!HKY Sparv. Ila HnaK Jlltcli'lje H By'lje KO)!(C noxocc 3CM.JhH »noro noaaua. § L4. Y CnaBOHHjH, Cp6HjH H boCHH MC.Il.Belllf HHCy TaKO nCJJIlKH sao nOJbCKI1.; na HH TaKO ManH sao TaK03BaHIi J06HH a Mc.anCllll (Haberbiir) y lllrajepcsoj. no 60jl1. cy TaMHOCMcBH. He uanaaajv JlaKO '10SCKa caan on ce6c; ana yrOJlHKO jc aeha wren KOlY lIaHOCC noJlOBHMa H KOWHHlI,aMa. Jenaa jClIHHI1. MellBCA jaxa je on najja-rer BOJIa. Ta 6op6a npaoop je aeoaa Hc06H4aH; ana ee 36HBa 06H'IHO aohv, nourro BOJIOSMIi cea npvra croea, H JlCTH H 3HMll, H Aal-bY H aohv, ocrajv aa nonv. Ka.[l 130 6y.ac patu'tcpc'scu, OH.Il.3 ce yjyrpy aa pasfojaurrv Hat:ic caao KpD If .QBapora. CDC npvro acnncn noacncpe HJIH OlIDY4C Y cnojv pyn'lary. Jep MCllBeD.Hcy '111TaBora JlCTa BPClIIHI HeTO «ao H MpaSI1..OHH cxvnnajv ,!l;HBJbC notre, nOJlODCKC KOCTHH MClI caMOTOK, 0)); ver-a liM jaJ6HHe OKO CDHCBeTI1X[L noeeaopa] 6yl1.Y KPQaTC nvae, a rana aarrvure YJIa3 rpauoa, MaXOIlMHOM,rpaH.eM MJl3));Or npseha HTlI,., H HC l13Jla3C BI1I.llC y !Uha<lKy. Ilpasa jc TO na JHMY ITpoBO.nCcnaaajvha Ii xpanehit ce TaKO llITO JlH)!(Y mane. AKo HM CKYJ1JhCHC aamrxc norpajv no npcneha, H HC nOKBapc ce 0)); HHCCKaTa 11..1lPYrMX cnvaajcaa, llITO rtax peTKO 6J.lBa, OHUa OHH CBOjy JHMCKY naJla1)l aanvurrajv najpaaajc TIO'lCTKOMvcceua Marra, lIyrajy Ii nOHOBO nO'lliH,y CKYO.Jhal-bC 6Y.ll.yhy JHMy. aa
IS rOMHJla MC.QIICI[a, ¥,,08a, J!HCHua. OpOO8a, ~-pafyja. jacrpcsa. COKOB Jl3HTD..CMCTapalMHOlKa8afbY.IlII1llL3'lH.KoiYIl6c.3TOraIlIGlHIIHoh6c.J npecraasa YllICMHpyiy mITOMe CBIlIbC, oa KOjHX lUyMa SpBIi. CCTItTOra,"HC MorYCCD.III!11>a'l II D.ltlllLC mHucpaJMHOA:a8aTItY.lCMJ<oH fD.C 11M3CyBHIUC JlOD3t1anHCnaJI1CCHaJlOBOCTaJ

TfJfOSIIHC.111.naparpaq,2-rorlllllillba.

22

2J

Y paeaaua HCMa acnaena, aer-o caeo V rtnaaaaa. HajIiX je V bOC1Hf Ii V Manoj Bnaurtcoj, soja nOYIiH>e aa rpaaaua XpBaTCKC H bOCHC, Ii IlPOTCIKC ce )10 rpana Iloeere (Poschek). CIlYII YOKOJlO OKO anaaavaacxor tproaaurra Fla.
SIiWC Kpaua HMa nOWTO

3liMH j<n6J1HaMa,

onnaae
nOCTaBC

JlOBUH

napeae
Ha'fHHC

CCJhaUHMa BCJIHKY

y KlIHCYpe Y norparv 33 Men.nenHM ce npcn VJla30M H nyuajy y eaanvx, lfJlH na lf3 rnaca BliyY HnH .1lpyK4Hje HeKaKO

ranaav,'?

aa

TO IKHBOTltH>C rpe6a

6ecHO If

llCKO'IC

naSvne

aajaaurc
cV OBC

aajaclutx
no

MCl[DCIIa. )IOiBOTliH.C C je!IHC cTpaHc V

norse
C npyrc CTpaHc

If 6yrry

y6IfjCHC.

Karxana
rrOK OH

20

30 nvra onanarx
AKo nOH080 JlHWnCM

rpadnaec

ua jenner

jc.ulfHor

aenaena

He 5vnc

y6lfjeH.

xajaehoj

MepH

urrerne

croaapcrao,
If

na«,
3,11pa-

xun
Bora

HX Y1TOBe, nOHOCC 3HaTHY

KOpHCT J60r

Ton1TC KOIKC,

[axe pal-bCH y yrpo6y, vavrpa, aanvtua paHy

fer-ne.
Hapo<[IITH IKja, CeJbaUH y

y 6p3HHH

noacnanana upella rpaaoe HJlM

rvpne H no-

cana,

VKVCHHX

WVHKIf

urarra, TO

liX 1TOBC 1-1<1 Pa:JllHYHTC

HaqHHe; anak He TonHKO KonHKO 6H CC Mor1TO acpoeara. liMa nae apcrc noaa: 06H<[HIf H Hapo<[IITH. Onaj CC If3BO.ll.1i nvuncoa H npapcbvje ce 611no J1CTH 611110 3HMH. J1eTH ce no rparv rpalKlf aecro rne ce MCllBC.!lI1 aanpzcaeajv H KVl1<t I1llV. 3aTHM pa3HH nOIlUH, npHBpeJlllH nOB, <[HHODHHUH H npvrli .n,v6IITeJhH JlOJ.I

o npaponnoj
If HCMajy HaHnC

JlOIl aa aenaene H3BOllC, 6C3 nvmxe, 6C3 opyCnancaaja, XpoaTCKOj H bOCHH, H OR ceeao-m xpaopocr» Hnapa. OHM I1ny y JlOB 360r KOIKe,

HlfKaKBor

apvror
CTaHY

0PVJKja

aenacn,
IiJlH

H1TMplt

cee CCKHpC Y pvua. K3.1l noxpaj npaera It Sauajv ce aa Ii>

JIa HX

aa rtonaae aejeano V caaxn tpaxa 3rollHV

HYlKllC JCDHH npyrHMa

JlOll,CJlC CC V JlllaHHHH HO

aaceav,
Y3MorHV

11I1aKTaKO

eta JlapoBC na V cnV'Iajv

KaMeH>eM,

ra ,llpyK'IHje

npaxe
na

aanaaue.
!lITO nO'lHC

Pa3ILvflCHH

Me,!UlCII .1Il1rHe CC XHTPO

cc

Ii

Secao nobe aa oaor

noaoha. Haj33Jl. HaHJla31i MCneen uapurapajvhn, cacaaa OJ6HJbHO nponanr MHMO H '£HIIH CC xac na He npHMehyjc llOBLJ,a V 6J1H3HHiI, «ora '13K H He raena, HaKO fa je HaJ-hVWHO aeh IB.lI.aJJCKa. DHJla 6H CBaKaKO

norrae na npao.

KaJI ce MCnBCn

ra npete, a oaaj neaara 33

J-hHM, OH MY, cMcjyhl1 rpcHYTKY HCJ(pBaplf,

aajaena
3M. Jep

Heonpe3HOCT aKO

nvnocr

nyuaTit

aenaena

KaJI

nona-

HHjC noroten npano y rnaav llJIH y cpue, HJlI1 nponnraen, OH ce y rpeH orca )lHrHC Ii H3 crpa)JUhJ.lM nor-aaa jYPHC npaao na JlOBUa, xora urvcrta npc.1lH.IiM uranaaa. H aKO ra HC y.1laBH, oana ra 6ap jaeo paanepe, na My 4CWt"iC arvna H KQ)KY ca rnanc. 360r 'rcra ce Mopa 'fCKaTIi nOK aenucn HC npobc H OHJ[a My O.1l0CTpar npouraurara TaHC «pea fJlaBy. AKo 6y.nc npcaauren HJlH He 6ync CMpTHO paH>CH, OH norcrae, HC aananajvha 1I0Bua.11I aKO JC 'IaK Ih JCllaH rcscpan. 'IHjC HMC IIchy na !(a)l(CM, nuurao jc upc HCKOJlIIKO rQ.!IIIHa y CriaooHHiy H [aso jc lKCJlC<lD./l RIlJIH JlOBHa MCll9CIIC. M'jll jc y Ibcroey 4aCT flaliOCIlcn:y Ii npapcbca. AJIII, san jc DII.IlCOMc.neClI<\Ka!(O cc naraao npufinHlKaDa. jYllaKY HajclllloM I1"HCCT~ Xpi\opocm, 1\ OH nycTil 4ynoenurrc J1~ M"PHO npnuapurapa, IIC onanllSllHj HH MelKa

cnoxojao 'raj Ha4HH §

ce, OD,CC4e jeDHV npenav wany, 6aw y xan je crarao 110 HJJHpa. Sncpsa nartae C npaera If H xonpuajvha ce YfHHC HII 3CMJhH. TaJIa l-lnap CHOe H nocnenna nyr vnilnH eeaaena CCKHpoM. Ha y5Hjajv CMCJlIt CeJbaUH MHOro aensena.

ByKO(JlI cy y uenoj KpflJbCBHHI1 MHoro <[emt"ilf aer-o ana peTKO aananajv qOBCKa. YTOJlHKO name nvcrooauaaa H .lI.pyrliM nlITOMHM JKIiBOTIiH>aMa, «ao II Mcby 1IIiBJh<l'lH. Ona ce pamjc Ja.!IplK<majy y pauanua Hero y JlJ1aHHHH, If CPCM ~1H()ro nara on alfX. Kan Hali5e H3 By'fjC KPDO, <[OIlCK aan,a na cc qyna na HC onann aa oaora npBOr.

15.

MC.lIBC.lI.H, Mc5y

WC

Jcp

TO jc

061i<[HO

ev-mua, je,

H xan

OHa 6V.lIC je npno

y6HjcHa, onacno. aero

cna

ce

OyUH 3aYCTaBe cy Heo6H'IHO

Ii OKPYIKC

H oana

Hucuue
IlYKOIlIt.

anorocpojne

M jow

~lHOro

ceiuhe

IICKaKHOMuapo'lIlTOM

24

25

06l:l'IHO nJIeMl1hKI1 JIOSUI1 JCllHHOf BJIa.CTCJII1HCTSa y611jy caaxe 3HMe npcKO JII1Cl1ua. Jep JlHCH'Ija raoxte OB,lIecy caCSHM Hel103HaTa. By'ljHM 11JIHCH'ljHM KOlKaMa OBAe ce MHOfO rprvje; Ocex HM jc fJIaBHO CKJlaJIHlllTC H xajfon,a najaua. Ilap Haj60JbJiX aeorojeaex JlHCH'ljHX «osca MOlKe ce If3 npne pYKe lI,06HTH aa 3 3/4 dcpaare. IToHeKo RlIaCTellHHCTDOll3BaJIll onarne ronaunse OKO 400 cpOPHHfH. Caaxo anaCTCJIllHCTBOHe y.noml npCKO 3HMe enure o.u 1 no 2 rvuera K)'"" § 16. Pa3HoBpcHOCT He1J,IKOO/bU8UX seepu vaje cy KOIKe aa ueHIf TOJIIfKa je y OBllM nYCTHM xpajeeava na joj ce soaex aanaan. Onacativ aajnneaeaara]e, II nosenv ca Oa6pOM(Biber oder saonajsopacaajaa OLI cnajv. MKCJJHO6H qOSeK 11a y aaceaeno] 3ellilhH, «oja je rrvaa 6apYWTHHa, «prna]a H jeaepa, II xoja JIelKH aa llCTOM CTeneHy urxpane xao H Kaaaaa, Mopa cae npneTH on nabpoaa. AnH osaj 3aKJbyqaK Bapa. Jep :roor MHO for JlOBa, IfCTO xao II J60r CTaJIHOf YJHeMHpaSaH.a, sojc CTBapaJY CBIIH.e WTO CC xanvlKajy no 6apYWTHHaMa, naopoaa cy ce SPJlOnpopeaamr. Hajenure ce aanpxaaajv xa 06aJIaMa Cane y YCKHM KaHaJJnMa «oje craapajv unorcfipojae anaue H xoja cy cvaaure YCKll aa nate. OHM cv nonvure HCTO TOJll:lKIf xao aaepaxaircxa, una HM 'leKHlba uaje TaKO TIOJHaTO je na ce V Ccaepnoj AMepllUll YllPYlKvje 40, no [00 naspona, rpane CTaH on HJIOBaqe H CTaHYjy aajenso V jcnuoj penv6J1Hun. MenyrMM, y Cnaeoaajn cnaaa nopo.uHua cranvje caaa, nocona 06aJ1H, ana Haql1HH rneano Y uraurv ce OBC lKHDOTHH.e vxsaTe y KOlKe, KOJII.:lKO :roOf xojc K<lTOJlMqKaupKBa (ana He rpsxa) norrvcncra na 0 nocrv. 36m TOfa ce .ua6pOBI1 lKHBM"HOCCY Deq 11 nponajv TlO cevnoj ueua. Buope, xojax

liMa y Bp.TlOBCJIlIKOj KOJlIf'lIfHH, HCTe cy xao H xeaa-nce. Arm JlOBUHMa neaocraje BPCLlHOhc H cnpeTHOCTM na HX JlOBC M xearajv. § 17. CJW60HCKU BeJIMK xao jaxo MecapcKo ncero. 110Bll ce afior KOlKC. paanncvje ce on HeMaqKOr BCJlHqIfHOM, nOTnYHo CJlMYHll. IlnarrauCKH MilllleBH tGebtrgmause glires) KOjH ce IfJIMPCKH JOBy uyx OB,!l.Ccy HCTO TaKO uecru xao Illrajepcxoj, KOPVlllKOj, Kpaacxoj M I1TaJIHjH; aJIH tV no ,!l.pyK411jH Hero raao, rj. T<lMHOfBOJ'[\CHOCIIBH,19 II HCllJTO cy aeha aer-o a OHM lllrajcpcxoj. Ilpesc 3HMe cy 06aMpJIH, MJlII 60Jbe pena MOry ce vcurhc Harm fAC nOTII\IHO VKOqeHM JIe)Ke V wynJbeM npaehv. l{MM nocnejv y TOTlJlY coov HJlM 6J1HJY sarpe, nOHOBO OlKHBC. V Illrajepckoj, Kopvtuxoj, Kpaacxoj H 11TaJIHjll nyxonH ce jellY,2H ana V Cnaeouujn He, rne ce XBa-rajv caao asor KOlKe, on «oje ce ,!l.06llja nocpo M JIaKO Kp3HO; Mil He y TOJlHKOj KOJIHql1HH RaO Y Kpaacxoj. TIpCJIaJHM npe1(0 Xp'IKUaa, tueoooea u opyillx JlCU8DWUH,{} «oje cy y Heaa«KOj nOJHaTe.

26

27

Ilponn,e ee fiaae caao V paaaaua H BenHHOM y Cpeav, ana HX jc reunco norcnrra, jep rpce 6p30 «ao WTO 1:1 xere, H llp1l0 ey nnaunsaae. Meco HM je MaJlO cvao, cUIH ey xnane nponne Bp.1IOnpJ1jaTHO H YKYCHOjeJIO, Gila ce rrraua qeCTO HaJla3H 1:1 y paaaauaaa «paeeaaae Mauapcxe. § 19. Y nepaarv .1l,HBJba'l oja ce He MOJICe x jCCTH cnaaajv sao J1 Kpoiyju CBI:IXnpcra, juciilpe6u, COKO/IOOU CBHX npCTa, «ouuu, Ol{Il.!hU /la6yooou,2J oeiU/luliu pa3JlH'lHTHX urapeI:IHX Soja, »copanoau, V'HeOllHCHBHM KOlll1'ntHaMa, iUypCKe '10· lI.!he ca JIenOM nv60M na rnaaa, 6U8l/U,14 He0611'IHa rrnrua /lecum, «oja jc eTBapH onoaaneaa V Teaaumapcso» BarraTY, 6yKueal/, I:IT.1l,.
Op/l0611,

nerc BHCOKO,Hero rpaace xpaHy ua 6peIKVJhLUlMa H BHCOBHMa; arm OD.JJeTenpe Hero WTO UX je aorytte 0VIllKOM noro,!lHTH. J1eTIt CCopao BHHCTaKO SHCOKOna MO)f(e nornenoa na 05YXB3m npenco on «aero MHJh3. Kall: MV omrpo OKOvrnena cpue, aeaeae, jaraa.ue, KOJe, »npanoae, nponn,e, rVCKe, hvpxe arn., OH ce OHOMe xecrv npH6JIHIKH neretta BHCOKO,HarJIO CKVOH KpHlla H OKOMHTOxao OJlOBHa «vrna rtanae xpoa aa3JJ:VX MJlally CpHV, jars,e I:ITll:., xoje arpafin xaauaua H xao ua CTpCJla HX Kp03 Ba3lIVX omece." Jleunraa VTHHVllMX BOlIOBa H KOH.a CllVIKM OJ'1l0BMMaraxcbe xao xpaHa, H OHH je uecro '1J.:ITaIlV npexpajv. Hesa caao jeaan jeaan» npao cena aa vruHYJlOM aonv, He CMe MY npana HHjeJJ:aH xparvj HJlH npvra rrrana rpaceaaana, nourro ce OHe EpJlO Soje KpaJba rrrana, a oaaj ce oncr HCTO TaKO nJlaIlII1 voaexa.s' Crapa, o.!l.paCJJaopJlHUa reurxa je Y CpeMY It Cp6Mjl:l 20 no 22 cjJVHTe, jep je MVlKjaK enoro Mal-bH on lKeHRe. Ila je CVpH opao UpH, n03HaTO je. Mebvraa, npe HeKOJIHKO ronaaa naruna CV y TeMHIlIBapcKOM Baaarv H3Meby CTpMHX It CKOPO aenpncrvne'raex CTCHa jenao Op.1IOBCKO rHC3.nO KOMe cV 6MJIH 6eJ1M0P1l0BH. MJIan;yH'lB)J, eV noaannna H OTXpaHHJIH. Crenehe ronnne aateaa cV V HCTOM rHC3JIV OOHOBOSena MJIa,nyH'lalI, xoja ey otter rtoaabeaa H cpehao o'IYBaHa. AnH rpehe rO,f(I1He uabeao je mesne npaJHo u HanVIlITeHo. JeJIHOr on THX 6eJlHX Op1l0Ba cau 1776. aaneo H oocMaTpao V 3CMyHV xao peTKOCT. § 21. JIOB HHje peran, Hero npanana MaTHaTHMa It OJIeMltl'iHMa, KOjH CEI:I V 'lHTaBoj Kpaneeaaa aorv JIa JIOBe ClIO· 60JIHO It 6e3 CMeTH.H, H3VJeBIlIIt MeCTa aa KOjltMa je aafipaa. Ho nOlliTOCC caarpa xao rpv60CT aKO cvcen rtpebe na cyceI10By 3CMJbVca nVIlIKaMa, JIOBUHMaH KcpOBHMa, TO CBaK BOJl).l

§ 20. Kpaa, rrrmta, ROjH ce y CpCMy 'leCTO HaJla311,jecre opao, «ora 06l1'iHO 30BY H BClIllKH HJll1 KaMeHl1 opao Adler oder Steinadler). YeCTO caa no necerae I-bHX KaKO sao na JIeTe OKO cvmta, 11TO aa TaKBOj BHCHHH na ce rOJlOM ORy 'lHHC xao upHa ravaa H HC 611 CC MOfJll1 1I0XBaTHTH TOnOBCKl1MnYJleTOM. Opao 6H ce srorao Ha3BaTH CpeMCK.UM. Sapouempou. Jep H:.HXOBrrer rtokeavje KaKaB je rOpl-bH BaJllVX. Illro je OH 'lHCTMjH H BCllPHjH, TO opao JlCTH BHIlIe. AnM aKO ce cnpeaa o.rryja, oana OH «ao na ce jaxo vnnaum H :mYHH. TIoMaMHo nenpma If ,1ICTIl TaKO HHeKO na 6u ee aoran ll:OXBaTlfTH nyIlI'laHHM TaHeTOM)" Mebvraa 3HMll, KaJI je Ba:myx 06JIa'laH H KHIllaH, He BHnajy ce Op.1IOBH na

28

29

.na OCTaHe y rpanauaaa CBOra BJIaCTeJlVlHCTBa,CCM Baur na OVI y cvcemoa y6V10 «aaecr aeua. Y rpaHVll.JHVlM aojnaa 06J1aCTVlMa npaeo JlOBa VlMUjy Oq:lJ.-lUY!PH(die Oberofficiers), aJIY! He H BojHMlUI. Ccrsas V '1V1TaBOjKPaJhCBVlHM He CMe JlOBHTVI HHrlie, na '1aK Hlf nyWKV npacaru V KvFiIi. fie] 063V1pa na TO, cenaua KPJ.lWOM anv V non H nvuajv aa cec WTO J.lCKPCHC, HapOl.JHTO aa JlI-!CHue. OHI-! xearajv VI KVHC, na KO)({y nponajv KpHWOM. AKO J.lX OTKPHjy, ruJCMHli1i IiX xaxeaaajv xao KpM§ 22. Tonna aean,a, KOjOj je ocea nee l.JeCTOnOruJaBJbCH M cacroja ce 0)): Sapvurmna. eo-mapa Ii jeaepa, Mopa npaponHO 6IITH nyHa paanax OTpOBHHX, urrCTHHX J.l .nOCa.Il.HHX")KHBOTHH.a. PaqyHaM OBaMO 3Muje, GoOeHe3Muje, !yopKe, xa6e xpocua-e. 06u'lHe U GOOeHei)'ll!wepoee, KOjH cy llvra"KJ.l npexo 1"pH crone H JlHl.JC aa sorane KPOKO.nVlJle, narse aujaouIfe, t10Jlwle (Polypen), 1jjKOpaUOHe, 6y6e, MplIOe, upne aouue II cuee spnxaeue, KOjH 6w CBOjOM HCVMOPHOM HoFiHOM neCMOM MonIH aaaopam CTpTlJbCH>CVI caaor anbene: Ii pa3HV npvrv WTCTHY raaan, xoja V HCMal.JKoj jour HRje nofiana npaoo RMe; aa npawep KpUJ!Uwe cilieH.uljf (die fliegenden Wanzen), xojc cV 3/4 nanua .n;yre H III umpoae, na «an Hohy ncre no cooaMa qyjy CC «ao na je IITI-lua. Hapo-urra opCTa TBOpa nOBJIa'l.Ii ee y CpeMY OKO 06aJIa pexa, 6apa Ii MO'IBUpa na Tpa")KH jaja; na KaKO jene 1-13MlijcKa jaja, aorao 6H raj TOOP .n06HTH liMC cpeecsor lchneumona. Y nero ce npeso «peaera aopa npeevI1H KOMapHVlK ana epees, HHa'l.C ce He 61-1MOrJlO cnaaara. Becspajxo je OCJ1HKaKOJ1V1'IHHa,IDlOHI-IX oeocpusau«, Jlet1wupa K}'!/ycapa, ouaunux KOIbUlIU HT.u. Karsana HHCCKTI1, a naPO'l.HTO CKGK1I6IfU,Y")KaCHO nyCTOWC no 3CMJbl1. Ken JleTH D.Yro .nyaa jV")KHH aerap, OH .nOHOCU c060M H] rypcKor spaja npcKo Cane jenaa aa D.pyfVIM pojeee cxaxaaaua Kojl-lMa cc 6poja He 3Ha. § 23. MCDY KOpReHc HHCCKTe cnanajv ii'l.eJla H ceunena 6y6a. H ncenapcrao H CBHJlapcTBO tpaxe MaJ10 pana, a 06HJI-

110 vmpahajv ce.n.aKY H>CrOB MaJl}! rpva; onroaapajv, rtpeaa TOMe, 113BpcHO npaponao] JlCHOCTH Hnxpa. Ee3 063apa aa TO, il<leJlapcUioo jour HI1 i13LUlJlCKa aaje TaKO 3HaTHO Ii jaxo sao WTO 6M MOrJ10 611T1i. Jep cenameaa nenocra]e noncrpexa, nOVKC VI npliMcpa. CeM -rora, rrsenc IfMajv 4 onacaa HcnpVljarcn,a, xoja 6H TCK rpecano licKopeHliTVI IfJlI{ 6ap CMaJ-blfTH, TO JCCT ecnnenc. ncrnnne, nacre R CTpWlbCHC. § 24. Fajene ceuneue 6y6e YBC.uCHOje nonvme TeK 1761, ann ce aa KpaTKo apeere CHJlHO pawupuJlo. Jep rajHTJ.I CBHJlCHV 6y6y HHjC HJ.lKaKaB TC)I(aK nocno, ~!Ory ra 06aBJbaTVI ")KeHC H neua, a He rpajc HR 2 »eceua. OCHM rora, nnanap je veTaaonaaa, npeaajaaa, aarpanaaa Ii BeJIHKJ.lM-rpoWKOM avro noaarao cBHnapcTBO Y Cnaaona]a Ii XpBaTCKoj, H Saur THMe ra rtonarao. Bnaaap je HaMMe nOCTaBRO 1-1nnanao jenner Y COHnapcTBy acsvcnor -roaesa, KOjH je aaao na nyryje rIO nenoj KpaJbeBI1HH Cnanoaa]a R CpeMY H cavna na novcaaa KaKO rpe6a CaJUfflf OeJIl1 .n;y.nJ.l rajarx cBHJleHY 6y6V; Y KOjV CBPXY jc 6eCOJIaTHO .uCJlHO .n;y.uOBe ananaue 1-16y6J.lHO ceae. 011 BJlaCHJ.lKa B.l1aCTeJlHHCTIlBa aarpaaceao je aa !hMXOBJ.Il.JHHOBHHUVI nopane Mc5y Hapo.noM OKO VBohel-ba CBHJ1apcTaa; OHHM BJ13CTeJIHHCKHM'l.HHOBHJ.lUVlMa KOjH cY ce Y OBOMe I-ICTaKJIH HC caao 1lIT0 je ananapeaaa A80PCKHM pccKpl1ITTHMa tpvn jaeao nOXB3JbeH, Hero je H sarpaecs 3JlaTHHM J1aHUeM 11 HOBueM. Ilopea rora, 6e'l.Ka Koveptncaca (Collllllerzkasse) «vnonana je I1CnO'l.eTKa KOKOHe (Calef/ell) HJlH HCpU]BVljeHa 11 V xnebaoj ncna ocvureua jaja CBHJ1eHC6y6e, 6e3 063ffpa na TO «axea cy, no 45 xpajuapa, -rj. no rtona ranapa ¢VHTV, na 6R CTaHOBHItUJ.lMa nana DOJbV. H TaKO ce jour If caa xvnvjc aa paqyH Koaope, aJ111caao no 35 lIO 40 npajuapa cj:JVlITU, npeaa KOKOHJ.lMa. Ha oeaj Ha'l.HH CBI1J1apcTBo ce CPCI'iHO nonarno H QBeTa naaac yrJ1aBHOM V CpcMV. Y 1769. n06HjeHo je Be1117, a 1774. 'l.aK 20 UCHTIf KOKOHa. Jow VBCK CI;: HaCTaBJba cabeae MJ1II.IlHXrrvnoua. Om Oceea H V -mrueoj nQ)!(CWKoj ")!cYrIaHHjM 6poj HM je DpnO nopacrao. TV J.l raao HaHJla3V10 caM era sese IWjH CV Be.rnum «ao xpaCTOBR H nOTH"-Y jour H] TVpcKHX 31

30

BpCMCHa. Y OceKY MMa BCJlI1KHMJlHH 311paamqau,e KOKOHa; y Bveoeapv, Ilcacera MTJJ;. carpabeaa cy Ma!hH. KaKO 3 rJlaBHC reee '-IHlle rpanauv Kpan.earrHe If KOjC cy npl.JK1l3aHe rope y 3, TaKO H MaJIC PCKC 11 nOTOll.H xoje y a.oj H3BI1Py HCo6l1'-1HO pIl60.4i. Mopy,.m, y PYCl1jl1 Ha3BaHa Senvra, Kpalb .uYHaBCKJ.lX pafia J.l nOCToj6HHa joj je y UPHOM MOpy; 360r vera OBe pH6e HMa y CBHM peKaMa xoje ce y !b yJlItBajy. Cnopaa je Y3POK KOjH je nospche na aanvcra nocTOj611HY H I1a HCKI1X 100 MHlba nnaaa y3 lIYHaB npOTllB crpvje.w Ken 611 TO 611J10caao 360r Mpeumeaa, HC 6H TOj pH6H 611J10norpeoao na ce 500 HCMa'lKHX MI11b3neue y3 peKy. A He 6H y Ilvuae lIOJla3HJJCMaJIC aopvHe on HCKOJIlU(QrOD.IHm, «oje cy jour cyBHwe anane aa paaMHOlKaBa!hC. Ja caa HCnHTl.JnaOony cTBap H aaurao KOHa'iHO na OBa patia 360r -rora HenpeCTaHO rrnaaa npoTHB crpvjc na 611ce ocnofonana H3BCCHI1X u.pna KOjH je romnajv. Kan ce y acceuv cpe6pyapy npBc MopyHe soje .!I.OJla3e Ilpaora Mopa H3 y pexv .ao6po nocaarpajv yne.flM1.JanajynIlM CTaKJlOM npe HO WTO yrHHY, BH.nehe ce na HM je veno ryCTO nOKpMBeHO ClITHHM upaaaa, rcoja ce ronaa OKOMjenaa aorv annera, a HI1CY Beh}! on upea y CHpy. AKo HM ce noaeure rnaaa, OHC ce yMHpe H «ao na ocehajv neJlHKO aaaoececreo. PH6a ce nen,e HcnpCCTaHO y3 .uYHaB 360r rora na 611jc '-ICUIKaJlaeona «oja TC'IC npOTllB a-e. .aOK HHCeKTlJ KOjH je My'-le He yrl1HY, a TO y jeccn. OH1(a ce OHa oner apaha y Mope Ii y .uYHaBY aatue rreaa. Mosaa H JlOCOCaH3 Mopa y pexc repajv I1H§ Mopvaa cnana y pen jecerpn; OHa HMa nnyha H ea ceaxc c-rpaHe liMa OTBOPaa aaaavx. Hajaehc MOPYHCxojc ce xaarajv na epeMCKHM 06aJIaMa lIyra1.JKe cy 20 crona a TCWKC 15, na a 16 uemn. Kon MopyHe ce cae HCKOpI1WnaBa. Heao MCCO aarra« je ne1.JCHO TeJleTlIHY H npJlo jc npnjarna xpaHa. On na

25.

KOjH H.flliPH Y Cnaaoaaja, all ueuor »cxvpa npaBI1 noaxar non HMCHOM pH6lba KJJHja (Hausblase oder all KH"IMe H lIpymx KOCTl1jy H pcxaaaue YMejy J1J1HPHna 3rDTOBC caaxojaxe eHTHHQe. MOPYHa je rnvna patia xoja He noaaaje CBOjy caarv H naxo ce na YXBaTlffH. Hajcone BpeMe aa TO je on Marra 1I0 OKTo6pa. Pnfiapn. xan lillY na je J10Be, Satre MpelKC aojc HliCY jaae on OHHX sojaaa CC xaarajv urapuaa 11urrvse. qltM npH-' reere na je MopyHa y Mpe:)!CH,OHM rpaace MCtTO na KOMe je H OnKOJle ra .npyrOM MpC)KOM, xoja je jaqa a Ha1.JIIl-bCHa O,!I je TaHKHX ylKa.£\1111«aaana. 3aruM rnenajv IIa ce MaJIHM 1.JaMll,llMa npJ.l6.flMlKe P11611,aeurxajv joj rnanv H joj 0 nepaje HeKOJlJ.lKO jaxax rB03.ilCHHX KYKa, npl11.JBpWneHHX aa OHa ce Tall 06H1.JHOMl1pHO nvcrn na je lIonyKy ,!IO ce 6paHH, nopaatiaja '-IaMQe If noBPClIl1 patiape. Kaa cy MOpyHy TaKO nona MHJlOMnona CHJ10M lIOBYKJlH 1I0 06aJIe, 06aBHjy je paoapa jaKJ.lM YlKeTliMa H rpvne ee na joj na CYBOH3ByKy 6ap many, sojv y rpea OKa vaape MaJbeM; nocne vera ucrrv pl16y 113ByKy na cvsc 11CCKYje. Ha oaaj Ha1.JHH JlOSH ce y CpeMY, Hap01.JlITOaa MeCTHMa me ce .Ilpaaa, Tuca H Caaa vnasajv y .uYHaB, feaopoj MaJIHX 11 neJlHKHX eopvna on 5, 6 lIO 10 ueHTI1, 11 npoaajv ce 6HJlO caeee no 20 xpajuapa OKa (2 1/4tPYHTC), I1J1Hce naa YCOlbeHe wa.n,y y rvbe 3CMlbe. AnH vcoaaaajv HX TaKO preao na aeco mor ror-a nOCTaRC rpvro, TSPlIO H »nnaeo ..l1 A H co, xoja 1I.0Jla3H113Mauapcxe, y Cpeav je eyBHwc eKyna.

32

33

§ 26. OCJ.lM MOPVHC, "ICCTO CC V 3 rnaaac pese M V MaJlliM pcsaaa xaarajv paJHC npvrc noope pate; anp. WiliYK€ OJI 20 .110 30 q,ytrnf; wapaHu on 10 110 12 ¢VHTH; IIaCllipMKe on 4 .110 5 ¢VHTH, H aaore iIPvrc V Heaa-ucoj HCnOJHaTC 0PCTC,.
KojHMa HC JHaM HCMa'lKO V llYHaoy liMC. Ii OPJIO CY·"IceTC K.lhyH,

WTCTC

no

CTaHOBHHWT60. upnH

CTO"lapcTBO

je

rnauun

aaaop

H3

kojcr

3C~LIbOpanHHK

ananapeav
I{

KOHTpH6YUl{jy.

Croaa I{ 311MH HH nera,

HCMa 11 WTaJiC

CBltIi>C, !ill llali>Y

«ac
HM

KOH.H,

uarapua, y
HC

oaue

HTIl.

HH HX CC

nohv

HC rOHC CC

WTaJlC; jcp

Kexuie (Tschicken oder Stieriev HMajy H.VWKV HallHK na nrn"lHjH

jep

nCHOCT H CHpOMalllTDO TltMC

xapona

nonvurra na

acnon acre cy na Dpa1jl VCTa, a KP03 cpe,QHHY pH6e HllC iIYIKHHOM jour jenaa jaxa wana. EpKUlje (Bisgumen oder Pisgurens, KOjC, xan CC L!P)l(C V CTaKOjJ.l CC He omapa; MCHOM ey "IceTC

ana

ce HC ry6H caao ny6pHBo, Hero CC H OCCTHO cnpe'lana pamajauc nltTOMI1X )l(I1DOTHli>a, J60r 3J.lMCKC xnaaaohe H anare: a na cc H HC roaopa 0 TOM KaKO CV OHC aa 'raj Ha~HH npcnvurreue na MliJlOCT H HCMHllOCT OYUHMa It MCllsc.nJ.lMa.

rpaae.

cYJI;I{a e
MHOro

BOJlOM,

npencxaavjv npoaenv apeaeaa,

6pJlHMa

TaKO

peKaMa

na ce aaaoce ua eTO "IHHHjaMa. Y .MOpcKUX 3MUjYA>U40 (Lampreten

ey HClllTO Mali>C

liMa y oder Neunau-

8en),

xoje

on

06J.l"lHJ.lX

JMJ.ljYJl.J.lUa,

ana

§ 28. Foeena cv OD. HCJ.l3PCl\IiBC KOpHCTH. Bonoaa vnorpeonaeajv caao an otipanv non,a, Hero ce npclKy
KOJla; MJlM a

ce

HC

Hy

cy J.lMa

«an ocrapc,
Jloaohv

3CMJl.Opa)lHHK

HX yrojH

na

MX nOTpoWH

J.lCTO TaKO YKVCHC. oc06HHe aMCpH'IKOr CC

EAeKllipu<mo jeiYA>a (Zitleraal),

soja

naav.
5
JlO plt6a

Y CpeMY 6 epejnapa rora jenue

'roprtena IIJlJ.l npxrvn,e, urrvee, lllapaHIt, KC"IHre

npoaa.

sonora

cenax

acrrvaaua

H 06aBC3e

npe·

60paDH HTll.

II V JJV-

nponajv no

Ma WlaCTCJlH_ 113 OSHX V3poKa

CV nYCTJ.lIi>C HJlH LUHPOKC pas-

CBaKOllHCBHa OCHM

OKa, a 06wmc pJ.t6c aa 1 xpajuapv: JaTO jc II rnaaaa xpaHa npocror aapona. mana Y OBHM 3CM.n.aMa BeJlJ.lKO M306HJl.C V Ii llPvrHM VBCK JbVCKapHMa. cvny II

KOpl-ba'lOMa,

palW6UMO

Kopnava

liMa

zee
McbV

opere:

ccrajv

aa

Sopaae
Tali>Hp

V rtJIaHHHH

CTCHaMa,

rne

ce

6eJ

MVKC

xaarajv
CV

H V BCJlHKJ.lM KOJlH·

"IIiHaMa ev,

IKHBC lllaJLV

Y 6c"I.

BeJlHKC

xao

H VKYCHO

3JlpaBO H XpaH./bHBO

MO"lBaPHHM

xpajeaaaa,
KOpli>a"la.

jcno. Ilpvra na jy je orva

BpCTa IKIIBH TClllKO

V pesaaa J.t xaarara; ana je

xaue. KOjC CC "ICCTO npv)I(ajy na MHOro MH.iJ.a a y Meuapcxoj ce 30BY iiycwe, CTaJlHO npcapaaeae BOJlOBH~ia; npe caera, V Cpeev. AnH ja 611x ua nvcraaa, YJlICCro BOJlOOa, ncneo na DlfllltM cena Ty H TaMO HCKOfHlHH CV 6YHllPH HJ KOjHX CC Balla "Ia6poBHMa Ba,QH YBI1C H aa nojeae nonona cana V llyr H Y3aH qyH If Jill aauau «oja croja Hopell nepMa.". _. Bchuua CJlaOOHCKHX nonoaa 'repa CC y HCMa'lKY caCBHM nOJTaKO, na He 6M bMpWaBCJIH. 8eJIHKa KaH.H)I(a Ii lllonpoa (Oedenburg) V Mauapceoj rnaaae cV najauc CJIaBOHcKt:; CTOKC

neha 0.0.

aa xnaa,e,
HO rOHC

KOjy

aYCTpHjcKH Ha

rproaua
Ma
[(aKO

CTOKOM OllaTJIC HcnpcCTa· nyry 6HllH 113ry6e

CysHX 3a

V HCMa'lKv.JJ

TaKO .uyrOM

aonoaa

§ 27.
occhajy HHllJTa Mali>C KOjJ.l SIUIlC

cnafio

HaCCJhcHY

3CMJl.Y, "IHjH pa,nc, He je

CTaHOBHHU,J.l HC y CTBapJ.l JaItH-

eaoro

canv

J-f

TC)KHHH,

nocpo

yXp,UbCHH.

HItKaKBV

nrrrpefiv na

ozroaapa

fiorse 011 cilioliopclliao. OHO Haapa V CnaBOHJ.ljJ.l, Cp6HjH, xao CBII cvpoen napona aone 011 CB3Kor npvror. Hajaaaoraja
Ii najaehe HC finaro CC aarne

6oCHH, nCHH

naxne rnaaao Xpearcso] rtacrapcsa

am.,
IKJ.lBOT

rpaua

CJlaBOHCKC norseCTO"IapcTDO, KOjC je OJl

npaepene KOjHM

3CMJbC jCCTC nasne BIUllC Hero OB.o.C; ana

Saee

32 nOUfTO cc aa P.1BHHM nvcrapaea y MauapcK(lj, Cpcav 1IT1I ua .• K(ljHMa jcnea na HM3 ITOHCKO.nP80, bcpMoBH xao xanrc BH;l~ y Jl,aJbHHH.~O TpfOBUHCTOKOM(3)IOHlfipojc6YlJapc.HnpcM3H.HXOBOM6poJyopopa"YllaJY KI}.qHKOhc80.nOBil H3hH na roj paeunuu. JJ lllm nc »abe xvnua y KaH.II)!(H, Tepa cc Y illonpoH.. nO'lCT!(OM J777. crajao jc y lllonpofLy oap D.C6c.nH~yxpa>hCHHXROJlOaH{lTlTpmlH~e l:ll 7 U~Hm CHMO74 lj)OpWHTC,jcp je )!(~{l 6llil0 TaK{) jCBTHH{l JlH rn CCJbHK HIIJe uorao nponanaru, na npcaa T{lMC HHJC uorac JCCTII Ill! roecbcr ucca. BchllHa

34

35

Hecxaarneeo je na ce aa Se.llliKY KOPHCTxcja npoHCTHlIe 0'(( eacnaua H capa, If «o]a Y XOJIaH,IUfjH, Hpceoj, IlleajuapCKOj HTLI. oborahvje 3eM.JhOp3Jl.HHKa, OJaBmrnjlf H cyceD.HHM y JeMJhaMa He otipaha yonnrrc HHKaKBa naaa,a. Behaaa )!(eHCKHX TCJIaL\lf ce KOJhC; OHO MaJlO IIITO ce OTXpaHH He I1pItBHxaaa ce MylKlf, na ce OTy,n xao xpaae HIt He .najy MyCTlf. § 29. EUOOAU cy aa pan uaorc ja-m Hero 06lfllIDI. aonoaa If vnorpefinaaajv ce IfCTO xac If OSH, ana ce He je,ny ..l4 OHH BOJle so-eapc; HaJla3C naxne cane OHO IIITO BOJIC.Babao caa qeurhe 110 necerax fiasona KaKO croje y pCI.l,H, a H3 BO,D,e liM BHpH caao rnaaa. Ha]e TOMe ,naSHO KalCO cy rtpaa 6J.lOOJlH Ll06aBJI>eHH 1'13Tvpcse; J60r -rora cy jour CKyl11f H KOIIITajy 9TnpHJIHKe 50 CPOPHlITH KOMa,n. ibHXOBO pa3MHO)!(aBaH.e JlOaehe JeMJDH BeJIlfKY KOpIfCT. § 30. IToCJle roaena npeo MCCTOnpanana CGWbO.MO. I1Ma PIX TOJlHKO na ce 'fOBCK Pl3HCHaLlIt; na anax ItX oTnplfnJ.IKe rpehaaa, If TO eenasoa MpWaBItX, Ll:Ona3Hoaaxo npexo Case H.3Cp6J.1je H 6ocHe.JS 1I,a JlH jc TO urrerao HJIH KOPHCHO,jour je Cl10pHO.11lmewNo je 3aTO WTO aa -ruj Ha'fHH He caeo 3HaTHe cyMe aoaua KOjC 6H ce »orne aanpxara Y JeM.lhH npena3e CTpaHIfM nonaanuaaa, Hero ce cnpe'laBa H nopacr ,nOMal'ier crosapcraa; KOPUCIU'J, jep cy 1'I{pcKe CBlflhe jCBTHHHje OLl:cnaCJI300HCKHX It MSUspeKItXBOnOnaOll,JlCbeHIIXJa HCIoJa'IKY II.IlYJa lie'!, rxc ce rO)J.<uulhe KOn.C 38.000 11039.000 KOMaJl3. 3a cB3KH.rmp eonona lSKnaH y Ec'Iy HlHOCIi 1pOwapHH3 (AccIse) 14 q,oPHHTIl 50 xpajuapa, HC pa'IyHajyhll rpaHII'!lIvuapHHV· 34 AMepll'lKIl 6l1oonll, rmjH cc cpehv V nncMilhKHM 19CplllbaUHMa V EHrnccKoj.llPVK4Hjer cV paCTa aero TYpeKIl. OHH CC HC yn0Tpe6n.ar>ajy aa PaJl,aJlllccjCn.yllOKcyjo.WMnllJlH. H.llxollOMcCoV4l1Hllno.MHceYKvclIHje II npajarxejc Oll ro.BC!UJllC. Ha l1o..rry{lCTpBy KpllMV 611BOIbC encxojc 'Item H.n06poje3ajeJlO:llconlljaKaOKo.H.CKo.. ], Kan )KHP V OcM3HJ111jCKOM uapcrev .n06po no.IICCC, 11pCTCPVjV ce ncficne CBHIhC. MHOfO H~ !lona)H «ao npacuun, na cc o.npafbyjv y CnaaoHHjll. ~ep MvxaMcnaHllHMa jc 3a6paHoeHO aa jcll.Y cBlllbenHly. Tvpcxc ceeue j[a~o [e IIOlllaTH. Jep !!.lIxona [c fbyurK3 uranacra. epar BpJIo. llOOco, a no 6ojllcyupHKaCTIiKaOll.lIM.CCBlrfbC

1I0HCIClfXH. 3aTO IIITO CTO'fapcKH TProB1Uf cne IIITO tpasce HaBy KOll. jenner jemaor xceexa y TYPCKOj yjermo, YMecTO WTO y OJaBOHHjH Mopajy na ce My"e It npe1pa)!(yjy qecro no 10 cena npe Hero IIITO cKyne 6poj KOjH. HM je ncrpetiaa. 11a CBHH.e He 6H npeHeJle K}'ly, nperepvjv CC non Haa30!XlM KOHl)'MaUKor 'fHHOBHHKa xpoa Caev, KOjy npertnasaaajv a 3aTltM eopajv na Hl!l.p)!(e KapaHTHH. Sa TO epeae repajv ce CBaKH naa xa CaBY If «vnajv. Kan lf3.1lp)!(e KOHTYMaU, 1'I{pcKe CBIfH>C,aKO cy yxpaH>CHe, repajv ce aajcnao C 1l0MahHM npBO y BCJlHKY KaJ-b!1)KY na npoaaiv a OD.aTJlenane y Illortpou, lCyJl CBaKe ueaen,e Ll:oby avcrpnjcwa CTO'fapcKH 1proBlI)f na OHO IIITO cy nOKynOBaJIlf Illan.y aa Eell; OCTaJIO, llITO naje aatuno KYI1Ua HH. y KaJ-b(i)!(1f HH y Illonpoav, aac aa TIO)!(YH IITll. Bnure OLl:nOJIOBIiHe CBHX CJlaBOHCKIfXIf ryPCKlIX CBH.H.a xonc ce If TJ'OWH Y AYCTplfjH; npvro ce Tepa y EaBaPCKY, ¢lpaHa'lKY H npeKO LJewKe y CaKCOHCKY. Oaa 1prOBlIHa je secaa Sa)!(Ha.3<I Ken wYNa Ll:06po noaece, oaaa cc CBlflhC aehlfHoM roje xpacroBHM H 6YKOBlIM )KHPOM. H Y WyMH TaLI CBe BpH on CBIfK.a.37 Maore ce xpaae If nweHlIUOM; aapo-nrro jean je lKeTBa noepa a )!(HP now. 3lfMIf eopajv caae rut 1pa)!(e xpatrv, Koja ce cacroja OD.xopeees npaera H 6lUbaKa, 110 WYMaMa If JIH.saD.aMa.LJ.ecTO aabacajv y aCJHlKliM WYMaMa If aoxaapaaa, If HHKaLI ce aaure He apaTe y xonop. Ilpa TpenCM npaurcav nocrajv all K.!1X npaae naane CBHlhC; «eo IIITO cy IlOKa3aJIH OrJlC.IlH y JOO.nOUIKHM6aWTaMa.
1II nap n06pHX II nc6cJIHx CBHJba sourran je J777. V CJla8(lHHjll no. cpellH.oj ueHH }O )10 34 q,oPHHTC. a nponaeao cc y Ec'ly no 40 q,opHHTII ArlHCYH1pOWKOBH Ho.naCIIOCTHlIOKCeo.HaMOHCllo.TCpajYBeJIHKH. Mncre CDIlHoeYCllyro5onc.ocaKaTeCell.1HCCHlBYKynallo6crHY;3aTOUtTOCV 110.rry1lHM.e. 373a BpcMC )KHpcrba IIHjC.nHO nccro lie CMe y UlVMY: jcp fa CBHIhC pacxaaajv. Onacuo je 'laK nvrceam spoa UtVMY C KepoM y KOJlH~ra 31< H 31110111 neru C811R.e jaso TpalKc eopcue H nanparu (Fit;.:.:). On rora cc rojc. Y Kp3H>CKo.j roje CBIUbC II BOnoBC anneKIlM 6HIbCM KOjt cc JOBe HCnal-lllCKII JlHwaj (Licheli IsJOIidicllm)

36

37

§ 31. Oe-apcaeo

CTOjH

jow

nourc.

Ilpeo

tpeca

60JbC

5H

6WTH

aaoro

3HaTHHje Hy

H anoro

ce

1l050JbwaTH. coja:

KOH:.H KOH.a on

cy

06Y'l.IITH 'I06aHe H HC11JC6IITH «paae aenpajaren,e oaaua, -rj. avxoae; «ao llITO je 6HJlO y Enrnccxoj na KOpHCT oevapcraa,v Onue ocrajv HanOJbY Ii JleTH Ii 3HMH, .1laH:.Y H HOtly, a qyna
HX

nei'lHHoM 1l0llJIaHHUa 6pOjHHjH H Holly,

xao

Mauepcxoj aaaor
je

aa
cy

13
aaj-

KaJKY

een na

aenax.

Cpeav
KOH>C

aejaehn,

H Haj60Jbll. H HC

Cenaua

nvurrajv

aa none

H llaH>Y

jenaa

npCTa

naca
ce
cy

KOjli

cy

TaKO V

jC)I,JilHH MO)((C CTaD,a a

na

o.u6Hje

nyKOne.

jaKIi Ii xpacpa na jenan Cnaaoaajn ce B1l5a MaJlO

cacrojc

BcllwHOM

on

llJIaWKWX

oeaua, vaja je
nell HellITO

nyHa 60Jby aJIH

na ce

KOH:.H

najv HM 306H.411 11aKO je npeaa TOMe pa3YMCTH He «orv HMaTH caare aa TeJKaK WJlW rtocao. AKo .nyr HaBMKHY aa cyny nl1ny, JlaKO lI06Hjajy nvnane cpua H
Maiapilu
ce He

noma,
nyHY.

rpy6a

a nvra; anexcaaapajcse
noxvtuajn
OOHa H

.uajy

cHnl-bY·

V'IHH>CHH

H C ayctpHjcKHM je HJlH

oauaaa,
HayqHJlO

ce

IlH.11eJlO

ce

na cc

H3MeflY.

KOHa'lHO

acsvcmo

na

HMajy

Mllrape

aa

MeJbany

npxe uaoro. TIoje.IUIHa (Steinesetv.

BJlaCTCJIHHCTBa

0.11 avcrpajcsor

nnamee

.1l06Hjajy

26

,[0

.1106pl1 jarauua KOjH HMajy 28 CPOPHHTlf uetrra: )l,OK evea peTKo je

anexcaunpajcxc .1106py llyHy. Ileaa

pe'lCHHX TYPCKIIX q,oPWHTw. W

oaue joj je ouaua

ce

§ 33. Illro

ce Tl-l'le

iiUWOMe ilepaou, aeonacnea

K011H'IM-

tra nacxua
MHOJKana. HU.

Ii rpa6JhHBHX rO.rry600H HCMa'iKHX

epenx cane
V 'ICCTO ~IOJKe H 60Jba OyHe

xan mnue on 18 no 20
on'lapcrno MHOro 60Jbe

rrraua He nonvurra na cc OHa paacc CKO(X> HVI He BHbajy; a aeaa aaorc

H l)'PCKHX

Cpeuv
B'{Ha,

jave.
Ty

Onae

rvcaea,

naraea,
OHe KYfut. H 6HJbHO

KOKOWHJy*1 xpaHY

atn,
wyMa-

nancra craao on no 1000

ce

KOMa.ua.

ce .a06Hja

AnH
Ma,

Y nypKaMa

soja ce nponaje aa 30 1I0 32 dxipmrre; nona TC H3 3CMJhC aenpepabeno H CHpOBO. crana y -urranoj Kpan,cnl1HH npl1nalla aarauraMa, n11cMHlliIMa II CBCLl.ITCHCTBY;· cen-an HCMa aa H:.HX aapo'ucrc IlOJbC, H IIp:IKW caao OHOJlHKO OBaQa KOJlHKO My je ByHe notpC6HO aa oaeeas,e. H vacranv, aarneaa sao na 6H X"TeJlH na My y6Hjy nOJbY aa TO; jep Mopa na najc .nCCCTaK on jaraisana
mOO3H

a npen eece §

aeaa OCKy.nHQe. ce caac apabajv

je je )l(HIlOTHH.CKO

-rpaxe

34.

KOJlHKO TOJIliKO

uapcrao
'rpaxe.

lIaJKHO He 3aTO

Benaaa

II 3HaTHO, WTO HCMa y TepMafJUjll

oner
Hero

cupoeaumc
JaTO lIlTO ".Jeey ce

MHHCPaJlHO; He

MIIHepaJIa,

Teuar

je

pexac
H

Heaasxoj:
H3

11H 60rOBH

YCKpaTHJIH MH je.

.JeMJbH lIIaTO

cpeopo

rueaa
JKIIQe.

HID! MHJlOCTH.

aejacao
H.HMa

japana,

on

CBe .upyrc

CTOKe He

aopa.

AIm:
H

Hehy

na

rnp.ll.VlM

KaKO

y HeMa'lKHM Jep

llJIaHHHaMa KO je

vonurre rparao

Mana je K03e 3a6pafhCHO llpJKaTH, nrrajc HX ce HII cne crpaac BI10a apno aaoru, a OHC npaoe aeoaa neJll1KY urrcrv WyMH 11 HapO'llITO 6enOM .ayIl.y. One urreme JKHBOTl1H:.e npscc

aeaa lJIaTHe «onao=v

ana cpeopae

aa

ce

nehHHOM

360r K01bU

KOJKC. cy .1lOMahc 50raTCTBO HJJI.l lloMafle naje 6aw jam; CW(X>MiI' aorno

§ 32.
UlTIlO jeme

.JeMJbe.

Oeac

4H YaK 1111 T10IIITaHCKIi KOIbli y Mauapcxoj Ii OraooHlijli He .EloOlljajy 30611 HIIK3KO I!.IIII epno MaJlO. Ila HTlaK nyrnHl.(1l MOpajy.IUI nnare IICry IlH3KBY lIOurraHCtcyTaKCYKaourrojc T1J1ahajyII y AYCTJllljll,Tj. H3 eBaKC 2 MKJI,Cno nOJlaTaJlllp33aC8ilKOrKOH>3. 41 HM3 HlBeCH3 BpCT3 KOKOlUlljy KOjHM3 cy KOCTIi npcBV"CHe BPJlO !lC)I(HOM,TaHKOMlIK30CMOJIa Ma.rJTCHC sao MCCOnClIITapKII UPHOM KO)l(HUOM,H '1l1jcjc MCC.0Y'-"yCHO

KOH.apcrno

4l .•Argentum ramen adlirmaverim. Quis cnim scrutatus

II TcrpOOlIU3. e! aurum pn:>pilii an irali Oii ncgaverinl. dubito. Nee nullnm Gernumiae venam argentum uurumvc gigncrc est?" Tacitus. I)" moribus GerJl/rJl10fllm. Cap. V

38

39

Hero TO MO)Ke ce C npaaoa pen» If 0 Cnanonaja. Y HeKlfM nnaaaaaaa HaHJIa3lfO ca» aa rparonc rSO)Kl5a. Haj60lbl1 KaMeH aceneaap -recro ce Ha.JHi3Ify pa3Jilf'llfTlfM xpajeaaMa. H KO 3Ha KaKSO nM je finaro rrcavaerana cKpIIseHO y 3eMJhI1, anp. QIIH((a, aHTHMOHa, xanaaane H Ko6a.IITa, xao II aoree, a If cvanopa, crance, uranarpe II C.II. Kaaesa vrae, ropcxo nnaaeraano, oxep, YM6pa, «pena If npvra Sojeaa aeMlha rtoxaavje ce TV If TaMO. CeM Tora, CeJbaQlf cy y fIJIaHIIHH HaHna3lIJlH na cnpoeo nparc KaMCH.C. Ilpaee rropuenancxe 3C~UbC,kao 11BalbapcKc, ranee, eepaepa, anacacrcpa, creamTa, rpHTlJha IITll. lfMa raxobe. Mauapcea lbY, xoja ce oene He npoH3BODH. caatuesa 3eMlhY co-

YKOJlIfKO je 3CMJha aacaaja, yrO.Jl!IKO rexc 1i1IC nrryr. Ilpaaerao caM na cc Y BenHHH MeCTa Y Mauapcxoj opc aa 2 Bona, y Caaeoaaja aa 6, a y CpeMY If Cp6lfjlf '1aK aa 8. 3CMJhOpalIHlfK He Mopa cane na cc MY'lH OHaKO xao y Heaa-eoj. Harne HC pana caa, Hero npenYWTa rtoncxa I10cao CTOQH;na l.{IJaK My MaCHO3eMJhHUITe Heo6H'"IHO W:U1.aWHO vaepaha aeron Ma.JlCHlf TPYlI. AKo je H,lfBa by6pcHa a BpCMe 1I06po, nWCHHl.\a ce yMHO)l(asa TPH.ncceTOpocTpyKO, a KYKypy3 If.IIH rvpcxa I1WCHIfua (Kukerucz) 3000CTPYKO. AKo 3eMJba HHjC lSy6peHa a epeae caao OCpClIH,e, YMHO)Kana ce ruueamta npCKO nnaaecer rryra a KYKypy3 npexo 2000 nyra. § 36. Mehvrw», 3eMA,opaoH,Q ce ooaaea aa BpIIO norpemaa Ha'IHH. lbaaa ce He oy6pH, a nope,!l 'rora ce aaxan ana BpIIO peTKO OCTaBJbana yrapy, 're orvna He MO)Ke na ce oxMOpM. CImHYTIf vcean ocraanajv ce HanOJby y roannaaa. HH 3HMlf HX HC spine DPYK'1Hje Hero CTOKOM. YBeK ce aepoaanc na rrpHpO)lHa »acaoha 3CMJbey OSIfM xpajeeava vorrurre He Tpa)KIf hy6peTa, Hero na 6lf urraemue vcen 011aera nocrao cyBHllle MaCTaH II OTV)KaH. Ana OrJlClIH cy ,!IOKa3a.JlIf cvnporao M noaonaac ncxamna na l5y6peHa fhlisa naje a «aero 60lbC )KHTO v aaoro amue Hero uebvtipeaa. 360r rora CC Call aa paWM'lHTllM BJIaCTCJllfHCTSIfMa noseKC rsane l5y6pe. I1JllfP cenax jc MebymM aa TO lfcynHille nea, a HeMa Hlf ,!IOCTat5y6peTa, jep ce CTOKa HC roHII V urraxe. Hajrope je WTO cenaua a If HeKH nJleMHnlf yonulTe HeMajy aariapa, rynaHa, urrana H CCH.aKa aa CKHHyTll VCCS, aa CJlaMY, CCHOH OTaBY. 350r rora finarocnon xoja cy npHMIfJlI1 Mopajy na np)Ke non rO.IIHM He60M H na ra ocraanejv na MHJlOCTH HeMIfJlOCT CBHH,aMa H BOJlOBI1Ma,kao If lfHCCKTIlMa If CIf.IIHIlM pojeeaaa apariana,« epaaa, raaparroea m,El. CCM rora, BJla)KHa Ii KI1WHa JCCCH ynponacTlf He06If'IHO »noro aorta, xcje npoxnaja. 4CCTO ce MO)Ke SHlICTH BlfCOKO cnoxe-

OTBapaTH PYOHUKe He 6H 6HJJO caeeruo. Jep PYlIHlfl\If soja cy CTBapHO carpatean V Avcrpaja, Y Mauapcao] 11 y Teeaursarcxo» DaHaT\' nocra cy lf3llaWHIf, If aorna 6lf on rora HMaTlf urrere; a na 11He rosopaao 0 onaCHOM If CaCB~fM 6.1lHCKOM CVcellCTBY Tvpaea.c MeoyrnM, nrtaic 6w 'rpetiarro If 6H.lIO 611 »orvnno OTBOPI1THPYJl.HHKCreceta, na 6If ce no:::'IlM rnO)KOCM OD6HJlOryPCKO, xoje ce 'IeCTO YS0311H3 TVp-

§ 35. C.lIaBOHHja 11 Cpea lfMajy 3CMJhHllITe «o]e cy bar If npHpolla TaKO 6.IIarOCJIOSH.lIMna OHO lIeJIllMM'IHO naje a ,!ICJllfMIf'IHO 611 JJaKO MOrJlO nant cae WTO jc IlOTpe6HO KaKO aa ozpeaeaae )l(HBOTa TaKO H na OH 6y.!lc JJarOJJ;aH,f TO 6C3 I sapo-nne MYKe H pa)l,a, He caeo H306MJlH() H 60raTO, Hero 11 OAllH:H~ spcre If «asnohe; caao xan 6H Tpy.!l lbY,!IC10I Y HCWTO aehoj MCpM aero can IlPMCl(O'1IfO Y noaoh urreapoj rtpapon«. Ana HHrllC ce JbYlIM ztapoaaaa npapone HC KOPlfCTC rope nero onae.

40

41

na

rOMHJIa

HeOBprneHa 1panOM. 3aXTCBa 3eMlhI1 KOH.I1Ma acara;

vceaa oopacna
aaoro xao PYleY, WTO je

3eJJCHI1JIOM

sac na

cy

je 06JIo}KHJII1

CTpyKO epeaeaa Cnanouaja Ho IIITO aa raj 11 paaa; aopa Ha'lHH y TaKO CC, naynpo_ apaa A ce If

Bpurasfia
CJla60 sne, naceeeaoj o6aBJbaTI1 ce

§ 38. To lllTO paamroacana, xao crouxa xpana,

llJTO ceje ce «aoro

ce

rvrce«

nmcaana«
apno KopllcHa

Hco6w'IHO KaKO

MHOroxJIe6 TaKO vapoy

IIITO

je
y

aa

11 UlTO je ocnotobeaa

on necersu,

UH cy Cpeav cpeMcKll llMa

KyKypy3 aaure

uerroj Kpaneeaaa
Hero cue Llpyre XJJe6 kan

a HapO'-llITO BpcTe )!(HTa.

11 nOJIOBHMa.'5 6HJIO 3aTO

Ho
jep

OaCTI1 pa3ra3e H cnaaa CTOQH aapeteao uarne

MHOro

KOH.11 uacra y MCKaRY

cenax

He jcne

KyKypyJHIt

CJlaBOHCKll,

11 aaraese, ce TaKO aopa

6l1JIO WTO HX ca6Hjy HJJIOMH aa saute

3CMlhy. re

)f(IiTa

II: eyBHwe. KOjH aa ce eeje OO'l.CTKOM nponena 7 crona ee a nocncaa

He npeLlH cnaaa.

aa xpaHy,

1(YKYPY3, os-rcfipv, jla o6e jy 611 cc crpaue HeKOM acrepa

y
ca

naeara

aeospureaa .!ta yBC.uy na ce c

CaHMa MlJaTfiJIO. Ko

)f(ynaHHjaMa Ho ja jour

PO.!l.HOj 3eMlhll H ceaue,

npeKo

y BI1CHHy. non-a, orpabvKaJI.

je nonvnre HHcaM Bl1l1eO

HeMa'lKO THM

o1l6HJIi1 nyrcna BpcTOM onaa

uonona It JIeHHja napa, cue

KyKypY3Ha

nO'lCJIo.46

acrpaevje
360r TOxoja 'lIfHODJIeHOCT

IIITO KpOJ cc cone

H.HX OpOJla3e,

Y3PClKC pbasor ra nana aa He

obpabanau,a,

OPHMCTlIhc nnexahsa nao

na xpaaana notipa,

soja CTapo

cupaK (Zirock).49
acene ca cTa6JbHKe, cen.ax OTepa MyKy

rtpercpaao MO)f(e na

neJIUKa aanaape.

crar-ae

6ep6a,

a M.lIaLlO, JbYll,H,

H neua

HllWTDO

H aa

fIPHPO.!l.RY

O.lI,Jla3C y KyKypyJlla HX H B03e sojv 6ep6c KyhH.. xche

Kll,!lajy 4ecTO na vroj»,

KJIHOOae JIeH

cxvnnajv aa aanv

aapoaa. § 37. Cne BpCTC aorra oene noopo aanpenvjv H cejv CC, sao ugle1lUlIa, KYK)'PY3 UAU tuypaca u!1Je1lul(a (Kukerucz), pa:JIC (y AyC1pHjH H Mauapcxoj norpeumo Ha3BaHa Korn), 306, ipawaK, ipaxop, couueo, uup (Dinkel oder Spell), upoC047 HTlI. XCJbLlC oder Heidekorn) HCMa, jep je
aa H.y nOTpe6HO HOp. fICCKOBlITO «poanap, 3CMlhHllfTC. pOTKBa H npvre y QPHOM Kvrrvcacre KYXIIH.CKC 11 6enOM je 6HJLICC H 6llJbKC, KaO jep npopaume, npno II y cy

xaxaa na

Mapny f10CJIe

0pHWTe.!l.H vvnajv cc

OKO 6cp6e.

MJlH TeK y rrponehe KyKypy3a, apaa. jep a

JlC crarcsaxe HeMa nocra

013 3CMJbC aaocray CpeMY, HJlli ce rne nax

HeKHM

MceTHMa

vnorpenaaaajv

ce aa noncca,e, Hahy6pe --PYHC

aaopaeajv, 6ep6a pane,

TPYRYhH npobe,

1I3BaHpe.ll.HO xnanoar: -e

3eMJby. ua

Kan
MeI1JII1 O.lI,JlH.-

KyKypy3a HJJH cc

11 nponajv y

aa corrcreeav xao CTO'-IHa

yoo1pc6y xpaHa,

MeJbY 3aIIITa je

MlllIHY,50

3aHeMapeHC.

Kynyey

(Weisser
cuaxa

Mebvraa, Kopjkohl
je.uy

JIYKY
o6HJLe,

vnorpetosanajv

KyKypy3

oder

Kraut)

CTaHODHHQH

lIaH

KHCeJlH

Kynye.

42

43

§ 39. 06U'lHa UweHUl.{a He raja ce aaoro lIpyK1.U!je aero y Heaaueoj; cea WTO cenana HC oy6pc !MIBy. Ha BJIaCTC.llllHCKlIM lIMafblIMa mnenana ce OCTaBJba1I3 ronaxe y rO.!llIHY, .!10K )KeTBa y HTaJll:ijlI 110TnYHO He OMaHe. Ami aKO CC TO TaMO HC .!ICCII aa 3 1I.ll1I 4 ronmre, aM6apl1 ce TaKO HaI1YHe na ce I1pCKpaCHOMnlliCHI1QOM Mopajy XpaHIITH caaae, «oje ce nOCJIC rtpoaajv aYCTpHjCKHM CTOl.Ja)XKIIM rproanava. lICCTO ce aa jeJlHOM je.!UIHOM BJIaCTeJIHRCTBY aate )KHTa aa 20.000 q,OPHHTH, rta ce seica na IKCTBa y I1Ta.lllljll OMaHC. AIm ce TO HC .lICCHY -urraaoj Hranaja, OHlIa ce OHaMO tnan,c IKHTO H3 .ll.aJJMaUlIjc, Kpaacse II Ilirajepcxe, a CJIaBOHCKO oner MC y lIMMaUlljy II YHYTpaWfbY AyCTPHjy. § 40. JIaH H K}'oe.tba cy BalKHa H BCOMa jcopacaa rpaHa noaonpaepene, aJIH cy Y varaaoj KpaJ1CBHHlI aaneaapexa, 5Y.!lyl1H na 3eM.lhOpallHlIUH ccjy caao rpy6 pbaa JIaH, 1I TO caao xonaxo liM je norpeouo aa CorrCTBCHYncrpoum.v . Ilvme 6H DaJ1MO xana 611 CC IlOKYWMO na ce OBa KY.IITYpa nonpaBli II npotuapa, H na CC rpy6H JIaH Hal.JHHHq,lIHHjIlM, a TO 611 CC JIlIDOHCKHMCCMCIlOMnOCTHrJIO yrOJIHKO npe lUTO cy 3eM.lhHWre sao H nOJlHc6Jbc spno .!I06pll 1I ozroaapaiv naav. TOMC »acvnror, euuoipooapoueo je 3HarHO. Ilccroja 6eno II UPBCIlO BHHO. 06e BpcTC H3.!l.Mawyjy CBa HCMa'!Ka BHHa; caao cy sprro jaee II JKCCrOKC.He Mory .n;yro na croje 1I BaJ1a HX rumr .!10Kcy anana. 3a 113B03y )lpyre xpajeee HCMa npllnaxe. H cazeue oyeaH.a noopo crojx, a sapo-taro cc fblIMC Saae y ITOIKClliKOj lKynaHlIjlI. O}fJIe vcneaa Haj6o.lh1I, KOjll HM Y l.JCMHC aaocraje 3a ryPCKlIM.:l1 Xeena, uraopaua,» Spoha (Fatberrothe, Krapp), ClIfba lITlI. vonurre aeaa, MH 6w O)l.lllIl.JHOvcneeana y OBlIM xpaje-

BMMa. Kaxo cy CDC3CMJbCOKO C.IIaBOHlije II Cpeaa lICYDlIllle for-are JKlITOM II BlIHOM, -ro aa KPaJ1CBMHYHe 611 611JIOaaurra «opacanje aer-o san 61I CCYDC.llCTaKBC 6l-lJhKC H raKBO paCTHfbC soje 61I ce cyce.!UIMa 11aKO1I3D03lIJIC II nponaaane, H 6C3 0631Ipa aa TO KaKO je KOD fbHX noaena ronana. §

41.

Ha nJICMlInKIIM lIMafbHMa II BJIaCTe.rrHHCTDlIMa 110-

nonpaepena je vpeteaa caCBlIM lIPYKl.JlIjC aero Heaasxoj. CBaKo BJI3CreJIlIHCTBOliMa [enaor ynpaBHHKa JCDaor pavyacxor l.JlIHOBHlIKa (exactor), npaBHHKa II nosaher ansoxara (fiscal) 1I BHUle lIPYrIIX l.JIIHOBHlIKa. BCI'IHHOM cy -ro Mauapa lIJIH HCMUH. Y CBaKOM BCillIKOM ce.rry nOCTaBJI.CHje no jenaa BJIaCTCJllIHCKIIaacrojaas (ispan), KOjH je non ynpaBHHKOM H 6PlIHC CC 0 CKOHOMCKHMCTBapHMa. OH HMa non C060M jernror naImYpa, a CBaKO BJIaCTelIHHCTBO .!IPJKMOTllpHJIlIKe WCCT no )lBaHaCCT THX na}fJIypa ..l3 Ken CCJbaKa rpc6a nneaam HJIH HHal.JCClIJIOM H3BPWlITH aannarv, OHlIa MY y Kyliy 1I0WaJ1y jenuor naHlIypa, KOjH OHlIe )((WBli na .n:y)((HHKOB rpowaK. IT.llCMHlllcc fblIBC II aaaorpana o6pabyjy ce KY.IIYKOM; vnpaao, cas nocao KOjlI rOlUIHa .!IOHOCH,anp. vpebaaaee WJbllBHKa, 06aBJI.a ce Ky.rryKOM. KaKO ce aa KYJrYK IIDC He C KOfblIM3 Hero C BO.llOBlIMa, TO nocroja jenaa HapO'fHTI:I l.JHHOBHlIK1I0.!l lIMCHOM aonvjcsor xarrnapa (der Ochsen-Corparal), KOjH 3anOBC,tIa BOJIapHMa II xovajatueva. CBC rOCTHOHHl.(ena BJIaCTClIHHCTBY CMCjy na rove jC.!UIHO OHO BHHO II paxajv KOjC cy KynllJllI on roCI1Ollapa. To [e BalKHa py6plIKa, nOilITO 0 H3B03Y HCM3 HM roaopa a npocr aapon B011lI nahe. Kan unsnae noopo IIOHecy, OHlIa l.JCWnC Sana na jemro jenauo BJlaCTC.IIHHCrBOacneve ronaum,e no

44

45

)[ffJhany aKODa (Eimer) WJhMBOBHUCH paKMje.~ 0)1. KOMHHC M BMHCKor -ranora, KOjH cc YXBaTH no .aHy DHHCKMX Svpann, neue ce TaKOOe y aennxoj KOnit'ilfHH jaxa paxaja aa npocr Ha!X'Jl. § 42. HI1KO He 6w rpeoano na nocchyje ODC 3CM.lhC3aTO na 6H Dll,!I,COnene rpaeoae, nsopue Ii TprOBHWTa; napaapcrao Tvpasa H Capaara oaaeao jc yHI111ITH1IOpMMCKI1 cjaj, a na'lMH 3ll,!1,al-bacane je [anaa MO Ii Y CBJ.lMnpyrl1M aauapcsne 3CMJhaMa,55y KojJ.lMa CC Hal1naJI1 J.lCKlbV'lHOO aa npnaae J.l 6Cl(HC rpanoae ca npH3CMHHM KvhaMa. Y JlHU.C HHCY qaK HH Ka.JI,l.lpMI1CaHC, CM Ilerpoeapamna e II Ocexa. Y rpazosaea liMa aano KaMCHlfX KyMa, nchana IIX jc carpateaa on npaera H finara, a lIeJIOM'11 nOKpHaCH3 urauroa H TPCKOM,6ynynH.aa CV uarrrc CKyOC. lIlTO jour I1Ma neno na CC BHnM, TO cy llyXOBHCH eojae arpane; oc06HTO MaHacTHpH rpqKMX «anvbepa, cppaucaaua H 6HDllIHX jeJYHTa, xao if K3capHc. lloopUli H nnCMHnKC KYPHjC TaKOOc cy DCOMajamrc carpezena. Jep nnCMCTBOje J60r crpaunurx It 'lCCTO noaaaaaHHX ryPCKIiX H TaTapcKHx uanaaa, xan je CBCnYCTOllieHO H V neneo Ca)l(H3aHO, nocrano TaKO nnaiun.aro na My ce 'lHHI1 Svnanacro na CC V TYPCKOM cvcenc-rsv HJllOJl.Cncne H cxvne arpaze. CeM Toral eetusaa BJlaCHIiKa I111CMliI'tKHXnooapa CKO!X' je ¥BeK oncvrna, 6ynyhH na CTaHYjc Y .aPVrHM JCMJI.aMa Jour npe 30 rOJlHHa y 'lHTanoj ce .ap)I(aBIt Hl1jC Morl1O aattu mejezum CClIO: CCJha'lKC Kyl'tC crajanc cy CBCpacvre. ITa aKO cy can cena M noaa, no 11011ICM Ha'lI1HY KaKO cy JlIJI.aHa
, S~
HajuHWC. CUnCTDC>lY C"TllJlyjy KpynHC KaJ.l'ce Up>lK~CTC mrsaec )lajy Haj60lby WJl,~OOR"l1y IfnH paKHjy, nHhcJ3 CC H

pacxouraa rpan,

aaaaauraaajv OHa y Becnpanaja H Ilcaoj Casconcroj. MHOru 6H XOJlaHJICKOceno y aauapcsna JCM1baMa 6H.lJO nen H 6y.n;yhlt .aa cy CCJhaqKCsvhe ODllC npocTO 011 JeMJhC Ha'fHH>CHC, cnaao», uraurea HJlH TpcKOM nOKpHDcHe K0l11t6e, I;:oj.: sax HCMajV HH craena na npoaopaaa;» re TaKO enure l1W<Il: ua cBHlhu,e aero na CTaHOBCpaJVMHMX fiaha. BI1we «poaa MHorHX CCJha'lKHX svha nrrp'lM ouas Hal1HK xa UpKBeHH ropaa, KOjl1 ceaxo] ICVhH naje HJrllC,1( xanene. UHrasa '1aK cranvjv rton JCMJhOMV PVnaMa, H)Hall KOJI1XnonarHy K!X'D on cnaee; Kyxlflh8. HM jc npen pynoM nOA rOJIIiM He60M.

§ 43. Ilpexo nQ1l0BI1HY Kpaneaaae Ca'lHlhaBajy 13!lQcilieuuana soja cy nChl1HOM caojnna llJICMliha, Hera cv V nocenv eneaapa HJIll CBCWTeHCTBa.Bnanapv cv nonvure npHnana HCKa ruJCMHMa HMalh8.57 aa OCTaBIHle jCJYHTa H aa .apyol Ha'lHH; ana can cy CKOpo CBa nponaaa, urro jc V'llIHHlIO na je 0)1 npe HCKOJllfKO rOD.HHa nana npenHOCT CBliX HMalha. OHa ce can KynyjV V Cnaaoaa]a no 4lfl npoueara; npe no 5 nponcnara. 011 1739, «an cV H3rV6.n,CHH Cptinja H bOCHa, CBa llo6pa y CrJaBoHMjM H CpCMY 1I0Hoce aaoro MalhC aero npc, jcp jc on 'rora epcaeaa orpaHHqCHa 1prOBIiHa M3MebV OBe 4 JCMlhC H I10Jb0npHBpe.aHItM HMalbHMa onvaera MoryhHOCT na C60jC npollYl-'Tc V OHaKO jasoj MCpH «ao panaje nponajv y HJry6.n,CHHM 2 xpaneennaaa. YonIIITC Y3CDWH, HMaa.a HCTC DCJlH'IHHC He ncaoce TQllltKO Y CrJaBOHHjH KOJIHKOV Mauapcxoj.s aaxo HM je 3CMJbltllITC nnomaje
./IUNcili130 u tI.!leMlinKa

H3)lpOOCMyn,a1l0M,Jloollj3CCllHBHO

If 8[JJ103JljlaHO HaMclhyjc lIaj60JbC npollajH, lllJbHBe 3CMJbH

ynOTpc6y. DC3

Arm

aso

cc pasnja
AKOB

npcrxcnncr«ere
on

Myn,alhil.

crajc

nc-

Sf, Kyha MOlKC CD

YMCC10 jCIrnI!M

naKJlCHHXQKlIH3 CTa~CHll~1

CTOjH

rmarno.
!lCJIIIK<1M

npHMCTllJlH KOJlIIKO

cc TV ruasa.
no

II TaMO TOM 40m;Ka: KOJII)e 0>l8 CC

no

10

npcoopca

q:,opHHTII.OncpeMcKClllJI,IIBOBIIUCMolKeceHanpaUIITIIMHoroOOn,HHrrpH_ jaTHHjlf

npclI03l1aTIl.'l3jCTOCT311

KaKBUr60raTof KOHltmcKYiy,J60r IIIlH

lIilH6apupcJlllor K3KBor3JlO'I<1118 )lIKQHIITa

JanaJl.HOltlUUljcKor PYMa ~ Ifno~."nHllJlIIjclwr apaK3 ~ nOIlCKO »ecro, J60r KaKBC 6H'TXC KO)a CC TV 6J:Ura, orrcanc HilH saseor npyror macajaor nnrabaja, liMa y ncropajn BCJIII~O 'IIfBCIIO liMe, KOjC
1Iy"'I KanCCYTOMeCTOnonc, jll.llllH rpan, IlpenoKOMH3M CJlHMOM HilI! 05114110 TlOK8}f(e K3K30

5J
H3BpwHO

Ka!lCC It.HXOB

MlICTCJ]Hllnlla BJl3C>lHK

aaro
liMa

UfTO

IICM8

113CJ1CJIIIIIK3,

npHIl<UlHy!llla!lapy

CMoynaM"THlIHjOlllK301lClta.ArlH

51!

YlpoUHKojllheccy5ynyhcpalBlijaTIlBCOMacylua'laj>lH,jePJe)lUO yCnaDOIlHjH Muor08HU)C 3CMJbCIIcro

ce

KyhaM~

1l0KPllrlCIIIIM

CCJba'lKOHMa",c

Mauapceoj.

JiI

Tpl;KOM

nJX1JlajanpOIlYKaTaTC"lKajcollncllcrllyMaU3pcKoj

46

47

Ilneaahxa
oovxsera 1..!ewoc 4 .0:0

HMaH>a CV

nperepaso

ReJUfKa:

06M'IHO

jeaao
MH.Jl,a.

nvrvjc JCD.HHM BJlaCTCJlHHCTBOM. I1Ma HCMa<!KHX KHClKceMHa xoje cV MaH.C 0.11 noaexor C1IaBOHCKor HMaH.a. I1MaH>e MCIIO.ll 10 cena je vane; on: 10 .0.0 20 caao ocpeaae: ana on 20 .0:0 50 11 npeso rora .uplKH ce aa BCJlI1KO 113 TC nperepase BCJlH'fHHe IlOTM'IC pbaeo oopabasaae, CJIa6a
no .IIaHa Hacen.CHOCT CCJlO IIJIeMl1hv 11

ce

6 nona

na

M aatuc

HCMa<!KMX

KBaLl.paTHMX

jCHHOj Hac

na, pa<!YHajyolt jemro C llpyrHM, aa reorpaccxoj «aanparaoj MH.n.H MMa na2325 .n.VlIH, V lllneaaja 1922, Y EipaH.nCH6ypry 1646, V H360pHOj KHClKeBHHH Xaaoeepv 1071, y JlMBOHCKOj 346 I1T.o:. no MOMC pa'fYHy, 1l0na3C V Cnaaoaaja aa jCD:HV ~1H.n.V He BHWC on 203 soacsa, a V CpeMV t(aK caao 169
HCMU<!KOj HJlH V CaKcoHHjH .n.y.IUl; TO

Iloiunc

CC .110 -rora

jeer

.n.y.lUl, IIITO

)l(CHa OBa

11 neue

npvrc
06H,{HO

UITeTHC OKO

noCJIC.lUlUc.

npocesv

.uOHOCH

Y3poUl1

je

ncna
11

3CMJl.3,

aajeano. xoja [e non

naaac

PHMJl.aHI1Ma CKOpO ny-

ronanm,c. Benasa je aecpeha aa 3CMlbY lIITO je aenuna BJlaCHI1KU IiMaH.a oncvraa H pe.!lOBHO CTaHVjC y Mauapcsoj, Heuaqxoj Ii I1TaJIHjlf.w AKo CC M He y3My V ooaap nCJlHKe CYMC HOBQa
CPOPlfHTI1

1000

fiana
CTa H

ODJ]Ht(HO

05paOCHa

jaxo

HaCeJhCH3,

npaaaa,

H WTO BMWC CJlVJKH CV.

aa

CTaH lKI1BOTHH.aMa

aer-o
IIITO je

.n.Y.lUlMa,

pa3JIM'illTM MHOro

Jenaa

011 Haj3HaTHI1jltx

je 'raj

xoje

J60r

rora

eBUKe rO.lUlHC H .!IPvra

onnaae

li3 3eMJLC,

li3 OBC

oncvr-

HOCTH

aacrajv

ana.

D,a CC H HC rOBopH

KaKO ee 360r

rora He nO.lUllKV ~lHore veTaHOBC KOPI1CHC H aa onIIITC .u06po vcaepeae. D,05pHMa O.!lcynmx anacaaxa vnpaenajv 6M1IO 3<1KV"UH (Miethlingen), HJIH CC OHa lIajv V apeH.IIV (sind verpachtet). Y 06a cnvqaja yrlhCTaBa cc cenaa. Apeaaa (Pachtungen) je aa CT3HOBHHKC ¥BCK IIITCTHa. 4CWK3 npvsca aa TO
lKaJlOCTaH IlpHMCp. 06J1aCTIlMa I1MaH>a, Hero KOjM KynvK Ii

6HJla non ryPCKOM BJlaIllOV, 6HJJa paroea 11 IIITO CV je TypUH H Tarapn onvcrourana OrH>CM 11 Ma'iCM. HOBHiM Y3poK je ry5HTaK Bocae H Cpoaje. Jep 0.0. rora BpeMeHa, TO JCCT on 1739, Cnaaoaaja a jom amue Cpee npHMCTHo cV ce pacenann; nenoa JaTO IIITO caexa cehaaa na rvpcxa aaepcraa nnatne aapon, llcnOM JaTO IIITO cy on TOr apeeeaa uacranc OBa 3CMJha IlOnpHIIITC DflIIO HcnpeCTaHHX <!CCTO lIO TCMeJha CMCTH.e MHCJIe M3DOlV

ronaaa

npaponaax ncoapa
pace.n.anaH.Y HC

y Cp6HjV

Bocav.

Helm

na

je Y3POK

Y
VOIlIIITC Mcbv py

BOjHl1t(KHM IIJICMlifiKHX

lIYlK

TYPCKC

rp3HlfQe

HCMa

we

je

H3nCCHO 113 TOMe nJlCMl1ftKHX

Ii eenaxa KOHTpH6VUMja. aano nonpnxocu rtperepaaa

BI1BCJlH-

CTaHOBHI1KC, HC nneaahnaa.

jc CRe 3CM.n.I1Wre rronecseeo npvra naaaea .IIYIJIjy nnanarnaaaoj cepxa CTBap" caaxor H na ona-

"II1Ha

I1MaH.a. 3CMJLa TaKO caCBHM IlYCTa H llHWba

ITa

IIITO ce "IHHH can na nOXI1TaM manna

anax aaje 'ra nyrnm:y

It nvreaa .uajvftH

«an

He 3Ha BOllC na

WCM

§ 44. Mopaa cillali06HuKe,

l-bHXOBV H

CKHM H ryPCKI1M npveoea na M npaav MVlUf KOJH cV 6pojHOCT H.HXOBO paaaarpaua -rpVn:OlbV-

3CMJI,aMa KojHMa 33.npere

1IA CCJbaUH caeurrajv

V CBI1M cena

«ao aauap0.0: 6HJJH

lIaJIeKO

Me

nojcxa,

KUKO He 611 aaaaa aa nojCKy.1I11 aaraare npecpojaaajv;

H nO.IUI03

o .o:pJKaBH. 6ltBOCT RepHOCT CHary

11 MHOIKHHY, narpHOTCKo

H.HXOeV

BpellHOOV,

pacnoncaceac caarparn uapcraa. xao

45. COH CTaHOBHHUH

(HlY3HMajvhl1 ce rOHl-mc

H IIJICMHfic Ta6eJIc

BJlaLl.apV nan.a «ao

y CBaKOM cnvvajv

C H>HXOBOM <!CJbaLl.M) caaxe

lIpJKaBC,

KaMCH TCMCJhaQ

caaxora

59 PbaB rnac Imjll 61lje 3CMlLy J60r aeutpaea 8amyKa H uaoroopojunx noxapa, BeJOIKH lleJI0CT8T8KPa.JOIlOllCIlJl06porllpynrroa,6nIl3IfHa-rypcKor cvccacrea, BeJIH~a yrumcHOCT on yJl.ybcHa cecra 1ITJl, Kpll81l cy IlJTO nnc~CTIIOCTanyjeIlJ8aH3CMJI.C.

()(I He caxc CBIl Og.IlUIlPIl II 061lYHIl BOjHIlUH, aero H uap(:~H 4HIlOBHHUH HM3jy npaao Jl3 aaxrcaajv aanperv Kallnyryjy CJlYllC6cllo. '-IIIH08HIIl( 11 H o$IUIiPII nJlahajy 15 spajuapa, a IlOjHHlIH caMU 12 aa jCllHor KOIhll 1i3 C8aKOj CT3HHlIH. YMcCTolITToec aa nourrv uopa nnanrra 45 xpajuapa. linBHIUC,CCocKHKHCljCltY'A:aIlJtaOBHMnyrnllllIlM3Ilabe6ccnnaTHonpen()hHlUTe.

48

49

.najy norpeunte.

nonaca Mopajy ce CBaKC romnc CJlaTII y nsop. Ann xaxo TO npecpojaeaae He rece CaCBItM KaKO rpefia, TO It racene acnaIonc 61t Sane nanoaorra CBcwrCHMUMMa na caaxe ronaae Ca'-lItHC nOY3.naH rtonac CBItX CBOjltX napoxaja-

na, C Ta'iHOM JlItCTOM CBJ.IXspurreaax, YMPJlItX It aepeaax ItJlIt BCH'-IaHHX, na na ra npenajv anamua, xac WTO ce TO pan.1t y avcrpnjcxoj JloM6ap.nltjll. Y 1777. 1t3HOCliO je 6poj CBIIX CTaHOBHltl<a 235.000 nyura, palfYHajyhH CBCWTCHCTBOIt cnaBOHCI<C BOjHHI<C, rum H3YJeB· WH HeMa'iI<C H aanapcse peraaenre. D.ywc aana, ManH 6poj aa raxo BeJlHI<Y H nno.nHY 3eMJbY, xoja 6H 06HnaTo xorna npexpaHJ.lTH 1 MHJIJ.lOHPU.QHWHHXH epenaax CTaHOBHJ.lKa,na WTaBHwe J.I naa MHJlltOHa. § 46. Oane ce nocraana naraue, KUKO YKIlOHUWU HeOoCiilUH06HUKU? Omuapas OD,rOBOpaa H. YJeo 6H OBD,C CyBHWC npccropa. Hanonna caao .na 6H raj Hc.nOCTaTaK V6p3D aecrao xan ce acenaaaae HJIHpa HJ ryPCKJ.lX o6JIacTII He 6H OTC)I(aBaJlO Hero onaxuraaano,« It Kau. 6H CC npHMaMHJlH OBaMO MHorH HeMUIt, KOjH CBaKC rO.QHHe roMHJIHUC oanaae V HCTO'iHV It Sanansv HHJl.ltjy.lil Hcraaa je na cv oeaao nouinn H uacenana ce Ben rtpanavao »nom HCMl.IH, KOjC 6e3 paamtxe HaJltDajy ill6U(XII.lU,6J «ao OJl npe HCKOJlltKO rO.QHHa It npaJ1H'fH0 aaom Hnapa ItJ eeaenajaacee D.a.JlMauwjc. Ana H.1tXOD je 6poj anax npeManH aa JCMJbV .nllWCHV Jby.QH. OCHM ron, ,Ua.nMaTHHI.{H cy jow nCH.H Hero CaMIt CnaBOHUIt; He JlOHOCC.I1aKJIC3eMlbit HItKaKBC KOpItCTH. no .I1p)f(aBHlfM JaKOHltMa CBH .I10CCJJ:,eHHUW cn060.llHH cy aa 6 rO.l1HHa on CBIIX anaaapceax nanaua It HaMCTa, a caao 3
ciiluiiluK ~I YMCCTOJUlCCTypcKIi J1nHpliITpllMajypawllpeHHx PVKY. MOpajYOIIH Ha cay coojy IIMOBIIHY na nnarc BIICQ~-yuapllHy. ITa \IX QlIlIa uranv c jensor aecra aa npyro; a rpeoano 611.!la HX '1eKajy roTOBC ~-yl'lc ~l HCMUH KOjH nanaac y apvra 3 Ilcna cacra Pa)llljc 611 H!DIDI Y CJm· BOHlljy Kall611 3CMJbynOJHa"anH II KaJl611 6HJIH YSCPCHHlIa nc Y aoj H~hH OH03ll '1HM lilly npcl(Q)UIJlCKI'IX »opa6J MauaplI cee Hceue 3aje.!lIlO HaJlloajy Svubones, I! 'ra] Hco6H'lHH HalllB npoumpaoce uanocacrsv no CnaJlllllllje.

rOllHHC 011 KvnVKa Ii .npyrllx Jla::K6HHa sojc npananajv nJICMHhV' Ila cy OBC cn06011HC romae CyDHWC sparxe, rtana V O'-llf. CCM ror-a, D,OCCJbeHHllJ1 CTH)I(V aa roTOBC KytiC,. nero HC xopajv na HX llH)I(Y ca~1H 0 C[lOMe TJXlWKV. Hajrope je jour urro aaora on H.ItX na aeFlI;IHH BJ1acreJIHHCTaBa MOpajy na HanYCTC c.no6o.uV H nOCTaHV KMeTOnH.t" 3ap je OHJl.a.'iy.nO aKO MHOrii npcnanajv, nourro liM 'I1CTCKHYcnotonne HlllHHe, IJponsjv CTOKV, uanvurrajv KVFly It Kpa.nOM aecrajv? MHorH nneMItFlH .cv mor -rora nocrann TaKO acnoeepmraa na 'iaK nehe HI1 na npHMajy nocenemuce. § 47. CnaDOHlJ,1f ce cacrojc on upupoonux.ciaauoenuca It Y OHe pa'-lVHaM He caao crape craacaaaxe -aeMSbe, Hero H l1.nHpe aoja cv.nouina H jow YBeK CDaKOr nasa CTHiKV 113A,u6aHHje, IIaJlMaul1jc, Xpaarcee, MCHC, Cptiaje H llPvrMx npencna. Jep OHM 'iHHC [enau .aapon It HMajy HCTH jC3HK, Hapan, o61t'-laje H aanase. Crapa cy ce CTaHO[lHHUH mr TYpcKOr japaa H reWKHX pamaa apno CMaH.ItJIH, vnpaeo cV YHMWTCHH, M 3CMJba ce npeTBDpHJ1a y nyCTHH.V, xojv je 1690. ITOHOno ltaCCJ1HJlO 3HaTHO MHOWTBO HJlMpa J;l3 typcKe 06J1aCTH. 3a ODHM HJ1HpHMa CTH3a.nO je y npomnoa H ODaM croaenv Ba3.l1ajout amue Hnapa, KOjH cy ce CHnHO paWlipHJ1H H V Kpan,CBHHH Mauapcxoj Ii y cBHM'MabapcKHM~3eMSba~ia,'1i CKOPO caCBHM nOTltcHYJ1H Mauape ca ceB~pHe.o6l1;'1e Caee M Ilvnaaa, naauuie on Cpeea. CeM rora cy ce V CnaDoHHjy nocenana H MHOr06JXljHH Bnaca, ({OjH cy ct;: H3Mew~H C I1J1HpHMa It npliMHnif» H.HXOB jeaax. . , Y ,Il.OCCJbeHItKecnanajv HeMUH; Mauapa Ii Ilarana, xoja cc He eeurajv C H.nMpHMa Ii roBOpe CBOjHM je3HK6M; OHM '-IHHC OTllpHJlHKe .nCCCTH.nCO cranoenmuraa; ro,iCCT, pa~~a(;ocelbeHIIKu.
b4 HCKII nJlcl'IHhH KOjll xohc aa HaCCllC CBOja.IIMaILa HC J<lXTt:B3jy RHUle OJI Heaaua JIB nOCTaHY KMeTOBJt.Hero 3lIKJ1oV'!Y1Y II>HMa.yrohOp na C IIJIICCTa1l5pojro.!lIlHiI.nQCJJeKojHXCJl()6olllbaKMo)J(C.!l,ll{l.!lCHJlH)la,JaKJlo~H

1I0IlYl'OIlOP 16 Bnaca KOjl'l cy OTHlliIIlI Y EpJleJb, Y TeMHu:sapcKIi baHaT H .!lpyrc MauapcKCJCMJLC.OI."TJIJII!CYHcnQI'ICWRHH H rOBllpejOWCBojIlMjCJHKOM.

50

51

jvhM CaMO HaCeJbeHHKe, a He HeMa'lKe I{ vauapcec perneeare KOjC CV oene V KBaJYrlfpv. Ilpe nponopa Tvpaxa, Cnaacanja je npananaaa Mauapcxoj, M 'rana ce OB.[e xacenaaaxa CMJ1a Mauapa, HO OHM cV ce oner mry6IfJTI{. HCMLUI CV can MHOroo{XljHHjl{ 0.[ H.I{X, a If 0.[ Ilaraaa OBH CV V CBMMxauapCKMM 3eM.ILaMa .!I06HJTMHMe HOBUX cesaxa (Neubauer) H "PMaopaaa cV na pan:e 3eM.Jl,V,nnahajv KOHTPM6VUl{jy H nocrasv cersaua: 6y.!{yhl{ na ce UHraHH 'Ieprapl{ He rprte MCTOOHaKO «eo HH TypLU! 1-1 Jeapejn. AmI aKO ce MyxaMe.n.aHLUI nOKpcTC H n0J10JKC laKJieTBV BepHocrn, aorv na ce aacene y 3eM.Jl,H. § 48. Tnaenu je:JuK 3CM.Jl,C MJ1HPCKH,HCTM onaj KOjH [e ce, sao MaTepH.H, ana npeMa paJHIiM aapeajaaa, rOBOpM V An6aHHjH, .uaJIMaLUljH, XpBaTCKOj, Bocsa, Cp6MjM M je.[HOM lJ.f!JfI{ Bvrapcse. IhMel:lv CBHXTHX aapeaja ompHJ1MKe je OHaKBa pa3JlHK3 xao H3MCl:ly caxcoacxor, cppana-ucor, pajacxor, uraancxor, Saeapcsor M avcrpaicsor sapecja . .uaH3WH," jc3HK Haapa HMa 45 CJI0Ba, a aacrao je M3 McwaBMHC capaarckor illIM C]lOBeHCKor jeaasa ca CTapJ.lMillIMPCKHM, 'WjM ce 0.11 naaannscr paanuxvje HCTO OHaKO jaeo sao WTO ce n:aHalllH,M HeMa'lKH paanaxvje on oaor KOjHM ce rOBOpHJ10 V Heaasxcj V ,nooa KaPJIa Benaxor. OH je jaw MaTepH.H je3HK OHHX xpa6pHX Apaavra KOjH CTaayjv aa nnaaaaa Ilepavnac (Zeraunis) V AnfiaHHjH. Fne cc illIHpcKM jCJHK rOBOpJ.l aajruaaaeajc H uajxacraje JOIIl je COOpHO; arras aenaaa naje npBeHCTBO CpeMCKOM BojBO,nCTllV, V KOMe CC, sene, aaanaaa na Haj60.Jl,c aapes]e. MebyrnM, OO'leB on XIV BCKa ¥Mewano ce V illIHpCKH jC3HK npHJIM'fHO ryPCKHX pe'lM 360r 'lHjcr CV raaaor H3paxaaaaa HmtpH CTBOPHJ1H caCBMM HOBO nMCMO. eCM rora, anapcxa jC3HK jour naje caCBHM VcaBpWCH H HCMa .u06pa npaaana, aana HMa Vu6CHHKa H llITaMfIaHHX ynyrcraBa 33 Y'lClbC HCTOra. OH je noronaa aa nCCHHWTBO; HMa BCJIHKHX HCTOpHja (Geschichtbucher) HanHC3HHX BC3aHHMCJIOroM.Of>
i\6

Mauapcxa jCJJ.tK, KOjH HeMa'iKH nOCTcnCHo noracxvje H KOjH cc m rO.lUlHC V rOlJ.MHV rv6H, HCOJIO).l,Ha MajKa 6e3 je xhepa; 6ap V Bapona." YTOJIHKO jc OJlO.ll.Hl-ljwllJIHPCKH, 'lHje CV «nepa 'leWKJ.l, nOJbCKH, PVCKH H BeH,llCKH, KOjH ce «ao MaTcplbH je3HK rOBOpH V HCKHM MauapcKHM "lKynaHHjaMa, xao H V Kpaacxoj, Illrajepcsoj, Mopaacso], J1Y"lKHUH, MeKJICH6yprv, f10MepaHHjH HT.!\. 0,11 caax pe'leHHX jC3HKa najenaa uaje TaKO MaJiO CJII1'laH MajLUI xao PveKH. HnHp Jot PVc cnopa3VMcBajv ce C aCJlHKOM MYROM. );orOCllY"lK6CHH jC3HK ICaTOJIH'lKHXH.nHpa je 06H'IHH aaPO,nHl1.C3HK; HO rp-ncax je rnarcna'eca j (g/agolitisch), na KOjH je npCBC.!IeHO Ceo iiUCMO It aa KOM cy urraunaae CBC xn.are nOTpC6He aa tiorocnvxes,e. ?Baj fJIarO~HtfKH jCJH~ je xon CBHX CJ10BCHCKHXaapona KOJH npananajv HCTO'IHOJ UpKBH OCTao acra y roaopv. rrncaH>Y H llITaMnJ.l,1IKTaKO na cc V PVC";W urraanaae KH,HrC Morv vnorpetcsaeara It V MJ1HPCKHM l.IpKBaMa.6'I I-hMebv CBeTOr It ooH'fHOr jeaaea OmpHJIHKC je OHaKBa pa3JIHKa sao H3MCbV BHCOKOHCMa'lKOr H HHCKOHCMa'lKOf. Harxena na [e 'raj CBeTH jCJHK 6ml"lKM OCHOBHOMcapaarCKOM jC3HKV H na HHje TOJ1MKO«ao ofiM'lHH H3MewaH ca CTapHM HJIHPCKHM, on xojer CC OH JOIIl aatnc Pa3JTMKYjCaero ooH'lHH. YOCTaJlOM, HCMa'IKH je3HK CillIHO ce WHpH V CrraBOHMjH, na WTaBMIIIC H V caUM MaUapCKJ.lM JCM.JbaMa.JO OCCKY H Y
~7 JCJKKItOjM cc ':c:-;=~H

:.1\ ~::l~a~M3 CJlH'IHOCTli

roeopn

H3 JIal1llaKllY

xau

H "ojl!

roeope

IICItH lIapollH

ca

MauapeKHM

He MO)f(ece CM31"p3TI1 epoac(i(JMllIlyj (Ghosp()(ii pam;·

11K y I!J1HPCKIIM

upKBaMa MO)!(Cce Trx:iwou

HJlllptKC IICCMC HM3jYCJIIlIt, K30 H IICloiaYlte.

IIIIJ"Yl"HIiCTOOH3KO'leCTQKaoIlYPYCHjH (I-) nOlIITocvl1.ilHpllnO)lIJ(lJltHHaYCTpHjcKoM~m[ycna.nIlBCnIlItCC'fMe H06uayPyClljYJaooroc.ny;KOCHCKlI>Hre,OCIIOBaHaJclnO.ybe'IVltllllpcKa urraunapeja. JIIIcp ucaa-uorjejemr neopa. KaKO nJlCMHhll. raso ce x npvra pane )f(CHCHCM3'1KIIM.llCoojKaM3,Kojcneuy BaCnI'rr3BaJY HCMa'lKH.Mna.llll nne MHf1HBaCmrraBajyccy6c'IyyrepruHj1IHCKojPlITCpwyncHnHcJlylltcnplinBOPY y aauapcroj nJlCMllhKOj renecaoj rapnx, r!le cnY)f(c H HJlHPH rp'lKe UpKBe. Hc",a'lKcpcrHMcHTCCllcUITcHcyCna90llIIjH,1t30 H IICMa'IKH CeJIKIUHH)3.-

52

53

nC1pOBapa,(U:IHY

CKOPO

ce jennao
3CMYHY MTll. HeMa'iKIf

qyjc

HCMa'lKM.

KaKO

TaKO If y KapnOBUl1Ma, KMM·

upxaaea

rrponoeeaa ce
H HJmpcKH.

TV,
BOr

y KaTOJIH'I-

§ 50. KaKO je jeaaor aapona

Meby

TCWKO onacarn n03HaTO

uopannu tcapacuiep 'IHTacy ce y TOMe OKy-

je CBHMa KOjH

HaH3MeHH'IHO

If llpyruM

MCCTHMa nC)K6aMa H TaKO

maoae

ce HeMa<IKC

noaopaurae
KOMaH1IVje

Y 3eMYHY rtpencraae.
TaKO HCMatJpcmno-

Ha

BQjHIfM

CBllx.pcrHMeIITH, CTaJlHO

KaKO CIlaBOHCKllX,

H·HCMa'lKHX KOM. MeTO

»auapcxax,
Hy MHom

ce

aa

BOjHHM

OKpY3HMa

rpaHH'IapCKHX

M~HTH,

rne

CJlY)KC

HCMa'll(H

odanapa, cna jaBHH

Ha

'retnsohaaa xoje croje aa nyry TaKBOM MOpaJlHOM OImcy, caaxaxo je aajeeha y TOM UITO ce, ocpanajynli na)KH.Y HY)l(HO aa rJlaBHC llJrre cBojCTDCHe tuapoxoj aaCH, OIlHCyjC caao I1poCT CBeT; a He aajrueaemrraja Ii aaj06pa30BaHHjH nee Hapona. MeoyrHM, OH CROPO Y CBIfM eBponCKHM 3eMJbaMa HMa CJIII'IHy aapaa, noaauraae If Ha'IHH
WaJIH. MHorHM MHlllJbeH>a.

CJIOBH o6aBJbajy HCMa'lKH.MaJlO

ce

H3 HeMa'lKoM_71 06H4aH jeJHK

-raj

Ha4HH

nOMaJlO HapO,ll,

yn,YOCHa 00110BI1

rtocrac je npacrojaa cneHe

ra, Arm paavaejv § norase rpvoor

OpoCT

xao

Ilon
nopose
)KHBe y cy npeMa

ryPCKHM

[apeoe
cy

MnHpH

cy 3a.llHBJbaJIlI;

npHMl-tJIH OHH ce

cy

H rp'lKll

H KaJlybepH,

CBOjHX

rocnonapa
jow

a He H H>HXOne Haj60JbH

Op.rtI1He.

KOjH

HCMa"4KH. IIlTo je iIieAO y Hnnpa on aacrurraa,a TaKO )!CllDOTa; MO)Klla HJIH nOllHe6Jbc. jUKO, H 30pmJO H.HXOnOr u oiliUOPHO,

Cpeav

on

CBHX.

Meese

penn na

·49.

XpBaTHMa

If JlaJlMaTHHUHMa

OHM aHJ)eJIIf.

COH MnH-

KaKO

on

'npocror
HeWTO

H H

navaaa
J1 KJIHMa

TOMe

nonpauoca
HHMaJIO 3IfMH ueo

aaaavx
jy. no OHa

Ilenv

HC pa3HC)KaDa-

ce CBaKH .naH 11

cHeny

nenv,

6e3

xvnajv y peKaMa a avera aaceoa cea

lloby Kynll, y MaTH

KOWYJbC. HM

nYCMp3Hyra

M YKOqeHa

lla

rvra.aj
)KHBH, 6HTH

paxn]e.
360r OCKYllfJHjc

Ilpocr

aapon

pasaana
npc

11 y CBI1M neHOCTH,

naa jype Kaa nona TIOfmjy nanarucasra

HC MO)KC jcp HCMa

CHpOMaWTBa

HJIlf

aoor

H 6Cll,HHjC;

CBeT

KpCBeTa.

J.1

MIIMO

rora,

TO· cy

cnasa na 3.D.paBH jaxa

3C~{]bH, JbynH,

KOjM JlaKO CaBJIanaTH

110)(HOCC CBC

aona.»

nenane»

H TaKO cyjaKH

na nako uorv

pu y aYCTpHjcKHM H ryPCKHM 3eM.lbaMa eeoaa cy npenpeaeaa, nyxaaa If YMejy na ce nperaapajv; CeJbaUH HIICY OHaKO rnvrra II npocra, HHCy OHaKBIf MaMJIa3H xao y .upyrHM 3CMJbaMa. Y penarujn cy peOHOCHH, aanpaeo CKOPO cvjeaepaa, H aa caeurTeHCTBO IfMajy He caao aajeehe CTpaXOnOIIITOBal£,e74 Hero cy HM H cneno n0CJ1YWHH.75 HH vnona TOJIIfKO Hnapa KOJllfKO $paHUY3a, Hranajaua H Heaena He ornana OLI sepe H He I1pHM3 rvpoaa, jep cy anax ja'IH 0.11 HMX, a y3 TO HX II noaCTlfllY. Hl1lIITa IfM nnje reee Hero nOllHOCHTH Hel1p3BlIY. HajcTpo)Ka Ka3Ha sene paCpLIHTH Hmpa san 3Ha L1a je KPHB; aJIH ne ra H HajJIaKWa no KpajHOCTH orop'lHTH aKO My aeroaa
caBCCT

Ben" na je Ko aarpv

HeEHH.

He

H36eraBaTH

CBe WTO je

MaKap

HaJIHK

rneaara HM Kp03 OPCTC, aJIH na HenpaBllY, TO je aa

3a,n06Hje H>HXOBY Jby6aB H3BeCTaH H H

crapeunerv
HaKJlOHOCT.

aajcarvpusja
HX

nyr na
no

je
y

Jan06Ho, OCTam BOllY.

MOliCe 6lITH CMpTH

na he MY

sseroaa
nOOH H

nOT'lHH.CHH

BCpRH

na ne aa aera

14 Kan MlipjaHHHJlobe KaKaOM l.IPKBCIlOMBCJIHKO)lOCTOjHHKY, 6aQII CC 1l83CM.lhY,mUlHe IlIt'fJjue II xe vcraje npe HO urro My ce TO HepeKHC 15 He caeo Y CEOjllX 5 narpejapxa Hero II Y BJ1aJ(llKC rJlC!lJljYOHH sao YKpa.JI.COO,KojllMaY.ilyxoBIlIiM HCBeTOBIlHMCT!I(IpIlM3IlyryjYHa]nOTllYHlIJY
1l11Cl!VWHOCT.

54

55

I'naaae BpJlMHe Hnapa cy BepHOCT BJIa):Iapy,H' rOCTO.lhY6MBOCT,HeYCTpaWMBaO)lBa/KHOCTII CMMOCT xoja He npeaa HM oa KaKBC onaCHOCTH, CJlOHOCTPetv If BaHpellHa xpaopocr y a.eMy. ['JlaBHH cy HM nopouw TpoMOCT H JlCHOCT,7J'-IeMY he CBaKal(Q HCIIITO .!I.OnpHHoclHW H nO.n;He6.lhc;CKJlOHoCT·pa36ojHllwrny H I1Jha'-lKH;78 neoovaaaa aaroa aa )J(eCTOKanaha,v ca CBHMnoponaaa ICOjH aacrajv ozarne, xao UITO cy MHOTO)f(CHCTBO,pa3Bp3THOCTH rrospena Spa-me BCPHOCTH o6e CYpaHC, ca HCBHDeHH uexar 3a 6Y)lynHOCT, npeaapaae YMeTHOCTHH aayKC lITH., nane nOTI1YHo OXJJaOCHa.lhy6aB npeMa 6ml)J(a.CM, OCBCTO.lhy6HBOCT «oja vecro rpaje ronanaea, HeBepOBaTHO aenoaaaeaae OCHOBHllX aaaena pennrajes' ca CBllM caoja» JlOWHM nccnenauaaa, TO jCCT cvjeeepje, CKJlOHOCTnpa'-laH.y, aaseeapaaau,e OCHOBHllX lIY)f(HOCTll arn., xao If JlYKaBOCT, cnnerxapene, BapaH.C y TproBHHH, nCOMa Ce6Hl.faH Hal.fHH MHumea,a, KOjlf jc sao He60 0.11JeMJbe .!I.aJJ.eK nJlCMeHl-ITllM ocenaH.lfMa n neJIHKOllYUIHOCTll, llCHIHHTHM 06e.n.C)f(jHMa BeJIH-

«or nvxa.

§ 51. Caa Hmrpa cy y caoje o6w-!aje H Hamme, Ha'-lHH aomora H jC311K MHoro npaxana 0.11Tvpaxa. Kon H.HX je

MHOrO)f(CHCTBOnopoK BeOMa 0611'-laH; na 'laIC II y aauapcxa» 3eMJbaMa. Ha-ran 3HlIaa.a y paBHIIll,H. je TYpeKJ.l. Y ll,eJIOMCpeMy II je.l1HoM .I1CJIYCJIaSOHlfjc vnorpetcsaaajv ce jour yYpCKe aepe. TIpOCT aapon Ce.DH aa 3eM.JhH npespurreaax trorv If nvurra 6pa.1lY na My paCTe 6e3 nonceuaa,a. Mebvrux, OTMCHII .lhy.!lH aoce caao nyH aaeajea 6pK (Knebelbart), xao rpeaaaapH Y Heeasuoj. JbY.!l.M ce HOCCBenHHOM nOJIa rypeKII, nOJIa aauapcaa; /KeHCKa aounea je 6JIH)f(a TYpcKOj, ana aa]e CBYll jeaaaxa. Kan ce vaara xeaa ncno o6y'lc, rnaav joj npeKplfBa ueo KOjH joj nana HH3 JIcha. Ileeojxe eaurer CTaJIClKa Ben cy nO'leJIC na ce 06Jla'le no 6C'IKOj MO.!l.H. KOll Hnapa cy CTaJIHa nOpOllJl'lHa HMeHa Heo6M'Ifta IiCTO «ao Ii aa HCTOICY.CBaK HOCHHMe «oje jc ll06HO aa KpliiTea.y. Ho, aKO je oran 6wo 'lYneH 'toaex, CIfH 3a.nP)f(1f aeroeo nse, xoje npo.nY:lKlf aa jenaa CJIOr. Kon npoCTor CBCTa He )105Mja neaojxa 0 YllajH HHKaKBY cnpevv. MMpa3 If CJI., Hero MJla):lO)f(CH:.a aopa na KynH aeeecrv on H:.C3HHaoua, l.fMje ce 50raTCTBO cacroja y MHOrHM 3rOllHHM II nelIITMM xhepaaa. HCTll raj o5w-Iaj nOCTojH H xon Bnaxa. YKOJlHKO je neaojca cnperrtaja na pallJl caaxojaxe KyhHC nocnoae, rta TKa, uraje, nJICTC H Soja, y-rOJIHKO jO] je aaura ueaa. Oran je npoaaje OHOMe KO HajllJ.C"_ nOHYllJI, a 'ra YprOBI1lJa rpaje '-IeCTO aecettaaa. Hartocncrtcv, Ka):I je Kyn yrJIaBJbeH a HeICH .npyrH npocau nOHyllJl npe aepanoe !(OjH axes paxnje BHWC, neaojsv .!(06Hja OH. 0 BepHll61f II cna1l6M rtocroje nee61f'-lHH 05H'-IajH, CJlH'IHH jCBPCjCKMM. bO)f(lll'iy HcneKY J1JIHPIf ueno Cnlllb'-le HJIM Kmy, na OCTane nc'Ica.c C 60l.l,OMpasnjc aa cronv npeKO naaa If npCKO HOnH. Ko ron vbe, oaceve KOMa):IH nojene ra y3 l.fallIY paxaje, TIPH caxpaaaaa liMa MHOro Heo61f'IHHX 06Hl.faja. TIPOCT CBCTvxaavje OTMClIOM BCJIHKOnourroaaa,e: naaae npen H.HM aa 3eM.lhY If OCJlOBJbaBara JOcilooapy (He xocnonap). )J(CHC rtpexpcte ore pYKe aa npclfMa H .ny60KO ce noKJlOHe maBOM. CBIf IlrrHPIf IfMajy jour rpl.fKH liJIH CTapH xaneanap.

56

57

§ 52. Y CnaDOHl{jH ce uapon xpaaa yrJlaBHOM palKeHJ.fM XJJe6oM, y HeKJ.fM «pajcaaaa je'l.MeHl{M; xao II KyKypy30M, npoco» II HewTO MaJlO CBHH>CKHM MeCOM. Y CpeMY Mebl{THM rJIaBHa ce xpaaa cacrojn on pl{6a, JIy6cHI{Ua, nWeHIt'IHOr XJIc6a I{ KVKYPV3a, 'I.CMY ce «areana nonaje jour 1 CPYHTa roaenaae, xoja «ourra caac 3 KPVHC, I{ CDI{H.CTJ.fHa.0 rtpa3HItL{HMa, KOjH V rp'l.lwj !.IPKSI{ JaVJI{Majy CKOpo nOJlODI{HY roaaae, He CMCjV YlrIHpH na je)lY HI{ jaja, HI{ M1IeKa H MaCJIaua, urraemue H.I{XOBI{ CBCWTCHI{UHaa DpeMC 4 ronmuaa noera HC cMejy jecrn '1aK HI{ pl{6e; J60r 'rora ce npocr cner I{CnOMa)Ke C04J.fBOM I{ XJIC50M; ann nparoa He 3a60paBJLa paKl{jy.~1 § 53. Ila jc xpuwlfaflcweo y OBIIM 3CMJhllMa VXBaTHJlO KopeHa aeh V )l06a anOCTOJla I{ za Cv ra no CBOj npHJII{UH yBeJJH OHI{ CaMJ.f,aarnena BaH CBaKe CVMH.C.ICOKO nOJlOBHHe IV cT01Iel1a V Cnaaoaaja I{ CpeMY Ben cv nocraanaaa CIllICKonH.~ npHJlMKOM npoeane XVHa, Capaara, Cnoeeaa H ,lIPVrHX naraHCKHX aapona, 3a,o.06HJlO jc XPHWnaHCTBO TC)KaK vnapau; nna« je «pan, CTeBaH, ceera, aanoxeo na ra lllltpl{ H YCTaJlltO ra je y c.nelICnltM npCMCHHMa xan CV Mauapa V XI CTOJICnV npnnojann OBCaean,e. McbyrHM, nponop Tvpaxa H ocaajaa,a soja cV OHH V4HHHJlH V XIV CTOJIchV HaHCJII{ cV xpaurhaacxoj penarnjn BeJJWKVurrcrv: 6Vll.ylil{ na cv l1n:HPH 6H1I1{ TaKO cJIa60 06aBelUTcHH na H3MCbV XPHWnaHCKC W MYKI Call aVC1"pHjCKIIOOjHHlIH HM3jy llOJJYlllR'H.e aa y nOCHCJiallcjCJlY MCCO. KaKO \lJIfIPC~C pcrHMCHTC HHCy xrcnc na cc nOCJl\"l'c ruM nnnynrreIbCM,.o.06IfJ1Ccy HapcJl5yoJl IDHxooor MlITpOnOJIllTa HIIH na1"plljapx3 yKapJlOBUJlM3 113TaKO 'lillie. McbyrHM. MHOTH 80jllHUH npncrana cy pazaje Jl3 npHMc6aruHc HCTOJla HX 113Tepajy lIajCllyMcco. R2 n3I1J1CnHWCPHMJi,3HHM3. rneea 15.19.JlajcnponoBCJlaoxpHwfiaH' c~ H~ O!~:~~;::H~~ THP:~~'~:~ff:~~H~~:nJl3~:~!h ITO'!eTKOMIV CTO-

xaacnaacee peJIHrHjC HWCV mana 1Ia '1HHe HHKaKBY .a.PVry pa31ll1KV cca cncn.aunser 3HaKa Kpcta H eeceua, na cV OTV.n3 'IC<.."TO .uonVWTaJIH na HX HaBe!J.Yna IIpHMC TYp6aH.~~ Oa ro.uHHe 1557. npoUJHPHJIa ce MJ Manapcxe V Cnaaonajv H pecpopMHpaHa pcnaraja, I{ aanobana TOJlHKO npncraaaua 1l.3. je 6poj pcdopvapaaax napoxaja HJHOCI{O V XVII eTOJIchV HeKOJlHKOCTOTHHa. AnH cV OHe oner aecrane: CCMl"pH pcpop~lHpaHa CCJla «oja nexe y OKOJlHHH Ocesa. § 54. Ilac

penuuqc

nene naaac

Cnaeoaajv

Cpea.

sao

H aauapcsv XpDaTCKY H DaJlMaUl1jv,1I5 TO jeer 1) auaoooepea. UCr1iO'lflU 11111{ tpwca, 2) Kar1ioAU'iKU, 3UUUOfUl H1I1{ Aa!1iuHcKu IlpK{JU. 06c I{Majv HCTa npaBa V [aeao« HCnOJLaBaH.Y;ann He C 0631{POM aa npaea H.HXOBHX 'lJIaHOBa, KM ce rtocaarpajv sao rpa53HM npacaae. Jcp opMna,nHIIIJ;H IICTO'IHC upxae HeMajy npana na V Xpnarcxoj H 3 CJlanOHCKe scvrtaaaje (ami V CBHM OCT3JlHMJeMJbaMa IIMajv) noceavjv I1JICMWnKaHMaH.ai<l> o6aW un.ajv janae CJIV)!(6c H .nV)!(HOCTI1;artax kao paTHHUM Mory ,lIa nocnejv no najaatuax nonoacaja H '1aCTH, na <iaK H .11.0 <iHHa ¢eJl)l,MapWa1la.~7 Ana ceM rora He caejv H.WXOBa nanaaa 6HTH echa Hero xon Ka-r01lHKa. llITaBHWC, rp-nca CnHCKOI1Hcy cacn(tM OC1Io60bcHW.OlI H3BecHHX na ... J-baxoja KaTOJII1UHuopajv ~ cease rOlIHHe na 'I.HHC enanapv. IIpHnanHHUH rpssc UpKBC I1MajV H npana na V HCKI1M CJJY<I.ajenl1Ma nOlIH)KV aoae UPKBC
114 33McIIHojeJII3Kr~pKoT3I(pcT33HaKOllfMllaJlOraMCCCU3,~II'IHUCC TaJlaTOOOPlfJlooOHHM3KOjHcycc05pe3IlBaJlHlIlTpcnln3llHyTypKc X~ Ayc1"pHjcKa1l3llMaUHJ3 CKOPO'1HTaBa IICnOBelIa "3TOJIIl'IKY penar ujy;3lIHllcHT)'pcKa. Xli Oo.aj :JaKOIl JB'{'IH C1piIWIIO, aJIlI HHjcraK3R, aero caac JaJITCo.a ~a '1J13HOBIlrp"Kc UpKBe IIC MOry JIa noccllYiY IIIITH lI,3 Y aacncee ocra8JblllY nnCMHhK3I106paK30CJ106uJlHH3CJ,Ul,()noceJlHHUH.npcM3TOlIfCHcMory6HT1I CT3J1C:>IIH uapcraa, HIITH MOry Illl.l1al1frH HI! OHTH o;;-n3HIIH3 uape!:H ca60p (Reic/rsl<lg).I1H3'1c rp4KH M3HaCTHpIIH B113J11!KC HMaly3~aTHa HM3Jt.a.Csopo n()JlOBHHaCCJL3K3Ilplt11aJl3rp'l!:()jupKBII;lTaHna!:1lM3jy~hyIlHMaH.CCa IICTHM npaaaua xao II K3TOiIfI'lKlI CeJl.aUH. >l7YoHcoKoMrcHcpaJIIlTcryHMcbynrra6HflMo¢f!uHplIM3llM3MHOTO HJlHpa rpwsc UpKDC. '1HjlljC'IIIaH H Jl3H3WII>II KOM3\1J1aHT rpaaa KpcMOHC.

JIcha OHO CCJIHWTC )CJU-lOTcmfcKo~a. Y r. 335, IfJIH Y 30-0j KOHCTIlHTlIHa BcilHKOT, BCh.jeyrp;uryOcct:y. KOjHCCTall<I39aoMur:sia,olfJla YCTaHolUI.e. ua cnHC~Onllj3. T3MOlUIDHcnaceon, npHw3ojcapHjallcKoj CCKTII. II AI/runusms IIMaojc V IioCMy:JaKJ!(!TOr HCIlPllj3TCJba.

vouno.

58

59

'ro

6C3 naraaa H nonvurreaa; y .npyfHM cnY'lajcsHMa Mopajy aa rCK na .I106Hjy zonvnrreee,« ana OHO je y H3neCHI1M CJIY'lajeBHMa norpeono H KaTOJlHLUlMa.

H3 crapax 6H!lH

noaeaa

OHJ:lHce .IIa cv TeMIJJ1ap" y CnaBoHHjl1

epno MOhHI1 Ii I1MaJIl1 aajfona I1Malba, xoja cy V XIV cronebv, Kan ce oaaj Soraru pen vracao, npHI13.JJa enaaapv.
I1Mal-ba Ii aa Kpajy JlO)KI1BeJJH:acrv Cy.n611HY xao 11 OHI1. IlaHac V 'IHTaDOj KpaJLeOHHH, 6arn sac 11 y cyceWIllM ryPCKHM

no 6)X1jy, 'lJIaHOBH 06HX upsaea y CnaBOHHjH H Cpeav CKO)XI CV jC.IlHaKH; Ma.lIa npeaa 06H'lHOM ana norpClIIHOM MHlllJhea,v KarOJlHu,H 'IHHC Me 1pChHHC CBHX craaoaaara. Ja pa'lY"aM na OBHX nOCJlC,IlH.HX, KOjHMa npanazajv H YJlMjarn, HMa caao 5,A). § 55. Y 'IHTaaoj Kpaneaaaa Hana311 ce caao jenaa jcll,HHH KaTOJlH'lKH CnI1CKOn, KOjH je rozaae 1739. nporepaa H3 Bocae na je caojv CTonHUY npeMCCTHo OBaMO.m .!-heM)' je 33 aaapscaaaae zoneneao WiaCTeJlHHCTBO Ilujaxoaap (Diacowar) H 1773. cnciena je Socaacxa Sacxvnaja ea cpeacsoe. OH CTaHYjc Y rproesurrv BaKoBV (Diakowar) H J.fMa roaamH.e 25.000 q,oPHHTH npaxoaa: anH l1eTO xao J.f CDJ.fKarOJUI'lKH 6HCKynH y MauapcKHM 3CMJhaMa Mopa ronaunse 25 npottenara on eBHX COOjMXnpHXO.IIa ,I1a najc aa onpeaaaa,e vrapteu,e: nopea on xora cV ocn06obeHJ.f CBJ.fX8 rpucax MHrpOnOnHTa H DJIa.nHKa. Ocnacr oaor KaTOnl1'1KOr 6HCKvna npvxa ce npeKO 'IMTaBOr Cpeaa (J.f3V3CBWH Bvxoaap, KOjJ.f rtpanana IlevvjV) M npeKO xanora .nCJJaCaaeoaaje; Ha)XI'lHTO nan Ocesoa II a,erOBOM OKOJlHHOM. OCTaraK Cnaeona]e cnana V odnacr aarpeea-eor Sacsvna V XpBaTCKoj. 8. jasvapa 1777. CSe'laHO jc V BaKoBY YCTaHOB.ll.eH H xarrron ca je.llHl1M npenourro» H 4 KaHOHHKa. AnH OH aa cana I1Ma jour BJ1IIOpteee npaxone.«
I<K.CBliOBHCJIV'IajcBHjacHOCYHpalfOIlCTHOO.DpCbeIiIlYHOBOMHJJHp' CKON Pe/YIlIIMClfiTry Oll 2. [auvapa In7, § LXXXIII, CTpaH3 99. J.06WIH cy, .CCM rora, HllllpK I1paBO.IIJI Y 3ewYHY 1l0llllrny llPKBY,KOjaJcllo'lCJI3I1Ch.llJlcCfpallll 11\1 ~H

JC3VHTH cy rIOWJ!H CTOnaMa TeMJUlapa, CTeKJlH: OB.Il.e 3HaTHa

3CMJhaMa, aeaa HHKaKOJ.fXKaTO.mf'"IKHX sanvtepa HJY3CB ¢paH.CBal.(a,V) KOjl1 HMajv 15 neno carpateaax H xanvtepa nperryHI1X «enacrapa. I1Ma J.fX npeKO 1200 nvura, M OHH CV CBQJHM HacprJhI1BI1M npocjaseuee H HenpecraHJ.fM CkVnn.aH.eM MI.lJIOJlapa, uno je rp'"IKHM Kanyl5epHMa VJ npera,v aajcrpoacc Ka3He xao asovnorpeda nomyA0 Ja6paH.eHO, HenO)lHOlllJbI1B Teper CH)XIMaWHOM KarOJlH'IKOM cserv.c §

56. YHujawUMa (Uniten)

aoev ce OHll 'lJIaHOOM HCTO'lHC

I.(pKOe ](ojl1 cY ee y3 H3BeCHe venose 11 OrpaHI1'1eH.B CjCJlI1HH!l11 ca KarOJ1I1'1KOM.9lOCTa!lHMa, KOjH 0 je,lUfHCTBV aene HI1 na 'Ivjy, OHM cy rpH V OKY II OOH I1X apae aaoro aaure Hero KaTOJ1HKe; vnpaao, ravurajv HX ce sao OTlla,Il.HHKa. nO.JbCKa je nVHa OBHX VHHjara; V Ep.ll.CJJ,V, Mauapcxoj 11rypcKHM 3CMJhaMa I-bHXOB 6)X1j je BenI1K. AnI1 V CnaBOHHjH HX je apno MaJlO, a V CpeMV HX HI1KaKO aeaa. EeJ otcapa aa TO, rpe6a na ce V CnaDOHl1jl1 VCI1OCTaOHVHHjaTCKo DJIa.JUf'laHCTDO.3Ha'lajHo je na KOJl I1JlHpa V xauapcxaa 3CMJhaMa jour HH jenau je,lUfHJ.f

Jow KCJl3BHO apyry rp«;,y

jow YJlCK HaJIIBII611cI(\ITIOH 6ocaHcKKM. rpcurao.jcp oe v DocHH HCMa emuc HKK8nl!X npaea '10 Ilpenonrr Klota 800 q,opHHrn. H3jcrapHjll KaHOHHK 600 ~a~~~~aic:X~;~llII~'j!~; Y CBOjllM Rlvmes =(t:n~~JO:of=: 112

cc lfior rota

poiliqll",<,CTp.

~==~
aJJH
110-

0CTaJrn

9) WflaK flOCTOjIlYJCMJI.HjemIHICallyr.tHHCKH eaaacrupY Floxcrv jc I!l M8U3PCKC 1I0Jl)aHO 6 naYJlHHaua, na 611 ce6pHHYIIH 0 lIIKOJIcny, Koje cy IIH3'1CKMaJlKIlOLlco6oMjCJYI!TH. '12 WroCYK3T\JJ1I14KHCCJbaUHCHPOH3WHHjHOJlfJl'lKlIXfiHhc.!IIiJlOJlaJHOllrofIlJXlC)a'lCH.II. 9) YHl!jaTH lIallywrajy 3 IlQCT3BKC KOjHM8 ce I"p'IKa upKllll BCI'I lOoo fOJlHHapalJ1I1KyjcOJlllaTIlKcKe. OKllnpH3Hajy l)pllNCKora narw aa nornaUHUYUPKBt:. 2) npHX83.T8jY'lHCTlIJDIWTe,H IICPViy3).naCa.nyxnpoHlHllall! 011 Oua K CHHa. npHllplK883.jy NcbyrnM I) CH. rrpaaeurbc y 06a BIlJIJl. 2) CIICWTCHII'lKH Spax, 3) C83. npaaana, upKIICHe 06l1'laje x cnonaunea pelt 60~=::::~,Hl1p.,CTpOreIlOCTOBC,Ha'DIHOJleoaIbaHHOIUClLC6piUleKoJl

60

61

rp'lKIt 6ltCKyn HKTJI jenaa jenana rp'lKlf »anacrap HMCy npaC11fIIMJIHvanjarcxoj UpKBH.1'4 CXOl(HO jenaoj nannaoj 6yml, He MO)KC rp-nar CBeWTeHHK npHMHTH KaTOJIH'IKY aepy Hero je npaaopan na npabe vaajarcxoj UpKBH. Ilana je aepoaao .aa he raae y6p3arn cnajaae llBejy upxaaa. ArlH. OH ce npeaapao, xao WTO y'lM HCKycreo. MHorii caenrreaaun KojMMa je 1l0CallMJIa 6J.lJTa zvra 6pana, IUIH pbaaa )KeHa, J.lJIIt crporn nOCTOBM,HJIH KOjl1 cy ce HaBHKJlH.aa npeJPHBO raenajv aa yHMjare, J60r ope 6yJIe nnawe ce H YJ.ap)l(aBajy oa cjenaneaa. § 57. Ona I1.nHpH KO]M ocrajv YOOPHH y TOMe na ce He cjenane He aorv ce y MauapcKMM 3CMJLaMa, CXOJUiOjeanoj ananapeaoj Hapc.a61t, aaaaaera BItWe IgU3MUiUUI{U, Hero aaaza H.ecjeOWb€IIU (nicht-Unirte). Y jaBHHM enaxrnaa, OSTCHTIlMa M 3CMa.rr,CKIlM napentiana OHIl ce aoav: saara Jlpsra sepRa IUIMpCKa uann]a, HMe «oje MJaeCHOJSCJIY)l{yjy. . Oaa aepcea CTpaHKa RIfje rtonvme HHrlIe BJla.najyna upKBa OCltM y PYCKOM UBpcTBy; anM ce y Bapona, A3HjM H A¢pHult~$ pamapuaa HCTOOHaKOjaeo xao H KaTOJIll'lKa. nolIOBHHa CBHXnonaaasa aemxor CYJITaHanpaaaa]e OBY UpKBy. A..rrn HX vraeraaajv It anocraanajv, HaKO OHH ceojv aepy ClIOSonne acnoeenajv. Y'3eMJl,aMa avcrpajcxor llOMa I-bHXOB 6poj H3HOCMnea MHJlHOHa.lI;YllH, H OHH cy CJI060llHH y acnonaaaHoy nepe. If,MXOBC UpKBC HMajy 3aOHa, OHH MMajy MHoro MaHaCTHpa H IIp)I{e jaaae 6oroc.rty)l(6eHe JlHTHje HJIM npouecaje;""" lhHXOBJ.I CBCWTeHHUH no ry61U1ltWTa npare 3JI0'lItHUa ocvteaa aa CMp1";y pa3HHM peraaearaaa nOCT<lBJhCH rp<!je KI-I non It naanea 1-13 parae kace, H.I-IXOnHermceona Y)f(Hllajy
'14 V XpUTCKOj je ilOaymC [enan MaHaCTHp npacrvrmo YHHjaTCKoj upKSIl; ao cv xaavbepa nponeana 350rY'lcwl'la y HCK3KBOMj3BHOM yc-r3HKy HC3I1cyyH,eMyoncrcTaporp'lKHK3rrybcpH. 9.1 V "HT~~(lj AMCPHUH HCMa HHjCIlIIC rp"KC UpKa(l.

vrnea, HMajy "paso lIYXOBHora cylla H ollp)I{anajy jaaae BM3Mranajc ceo]e otinacra," npaao xoje y CBHM llPYrMM J(!MJbaMa »osce na npIIm caao caeurreacmo nnanajvhc peruu-aje: 6y.uyhH na je OHO napovaro npano 6HcKyncKe MOrtH, soja CC y OBOj rtpamuta noxaavje y nyHOMe cjajy. § 58. Tpu <4AQIIU eepe H OQ:JIC1!1l Y<4el-bll 'lMHe een 1000 rruana pa3JIHKy H3MCby npnnananca OBe UpKBC Ii KaTOJlH'lKe; TO jeer 1) OH" aepyjy na CB. Dyx npoH3MJIa31-1 case on Oua; 2) OHH He npicaajv CH.JIYpJ.lMCKOra nane H 3) KaTOJIH'IKO 'iJ.lCTHJlHWTeH acxvnneae H3 acra aa HOBau. Hnax caarpajv na je aa «pree nviue MOJIJ.lTDa KOpJ.lCHa.CeM 'rora OHH onp)I{aBajy ca. npaaeume y 06a aana; I-bHXOBltnonoaa J.lJDI napaCJ.l Mopajy 6H1l:1 O)KefhCmtW "JIM y,nonUH; a.JIH aaxoaa enacxonn H Karrybeplt uopajv 6IfTlt 6e3 acene. MHpjaHii ce caejy )KCHHTH caao rparrvr: KO npnne 'IeTBp1"OM6paKY, 6Y.l1eH30llhen, A Ii lhJ.iXOBH nQCTOBH " llpyra upKBCHa npaeana, sao H.HXOll Ha'IHH cny)Kefbaw 1-1 CDH llpyrJ.l cnorsaunsa 06H'{ajH y .I1p)l{aH>Ycny)l{6e 6o)l{Hjellll paanasvjv cc 0.11KaTOJlll'lKHX. Y
--;-n;H.JlHKOM oenx BJlJHTaUHja lIo6Hjajy H enacxona 6cCIlIlaTHy 33-

npcrv. AilH noWTO cyOH~ y OBOMrrpercpxaann. 33XTCB31lH"CCTO 50 1;0n.a II yCBHMMecnJM3KpOlKo]acynponalKJlH Kl<e)l(CDCKHCeQ3cntJlH Hapa'I\'H CnlHOBHHK3,TOOHH caa npnapeacao aopajv aa 33 TO Tp8lKC WlaJIapcoo 01l06pc)bC,KojCHMCCHHKMHcou5Hja 9~ nonoBH CC CMCjY lKCHIITH caao jCIIHOM: Kall 06yuoBC. ucpajv y Mallac-rHp. Arm 080 nOCJlCJl.H,C 1776. CD. CH~OIl yKHHYO K30 peee 06"'I3J; je 1<30WTO nosaavje HJlHPCKHPeIY;WMellW 0112. janvapa 1777, § XLVI, CTp3Ha 46. nOCBOjllpH.JlHUHoMjhcccurrenmpbaBH06H'13jYKHHVTHHyTypcKOj. WMHpjaHII1I3jy6ccKa3CHHJUle6HBHHO,OIl'lCr3ceYlHld2KOJIHKO [o ITOTpc6f10 33.CJlVlKOy. CrrylK6a CCCJlYJKI<cald_OHCllC.IbOMH.rrpalHIIUHM3, It TO Y caasoj UpKBH caao I Hnl< 2. «ao WTO JC 6HO 06'14aJ H KOlll1PBHX xpHUll'laHa. K3lI,3 cc 6narOCJlORl!.CHH 1Ulc6 H 6narOCJlOlUhCHOBHIlO nonaruc ua61l 11MteOJULll3 nourrac uena upsaa naane HH'iHlICH3 :JeMJ],y. Hc-rOTO 6yllc H KaJI.CBeWTCHHK6JlarOCIiJl>a. HI") rpIIH cy CC IfBCK TPY.ElHJlItna ce WTO je Mor-yhc MaIW. y.naII>C011 06H'iaja npllOflllTHC npxec, :iiOf sera ce KOII IhHX HaUJIl13H H3 JOIJI MHorc npacrapc 061l'iajc. 'tueo unp. CBCWTCHIlUHooarocltJbaJY 3anmCIlllM ROWT3HHU3Ma. fu:rarOCJlOIlJloCIlOBIlHOJllljcccHa6J1arOCJlORl!.CHHJUlc6.UlTOCBCWTeHIlKolUl<ljeDHoM ManOIotKamHKOM craasa v vcta o-nwa KojHccrrpll'icmhy-

YJHMaj~ ~~~:~

~H=M~a~~~~~~uccHja

npo.1Jl2JH nopca crpawe,

IIOjllHUH

62

63

CBHM OCTaJIlfM Ta'lKaMa TOMe HMajy By

OHM ce CJ1alKY ca KaTOJ1HUIfMa,

npeaa

CJ(OM jC3liKy,!!12

113 oeor-

3CMaJbCKor

aacoaa

MO)KC CC jCllHI{M rp'lKI1X I1.pKBeHliX

caxpaxenara, npaaaaajv caeuc

IfKOHC, MOIIlTlf, CB. IfMajy

Mapajv,

nOWTYjy

BeCTH,

npeoopaaca]

60rocJlY)KCH>e

onpacaua

H Hapo'IHTO Iljexozoseuma, acnenpasenrha HTll. Hsnxoao cncs.aurae ce ca MCTO TOJlMKOM pacxouta xao H

norncaos

06YXBaTHTI{

aajaoaaje

vpebes,e

creapa.w
§ 60. Tnaca tlCUiO'1He 4pK8e,
'llij" cy 'IJIaHOBl1ll0WJIIi

Tvpcxe,

pacnpocT}1IIIf

ce

no

CBMM 3CM.JhaMa

aa «oje npananajv

§ 59. KaKO cy y rp'lKoj nofonarassa, csvnuno ce 1776.

UPKBOM KOjH cy

UpKBlf CBIfX y

6liJ13

norpecaa nenaxa
ca KaTOJllf'lKOM CpeMY,

rp<llClfX

aecjenaneaxx ca CBOjliM

CnlfCKOITa MHTpOnOJ1IITOM

Kapnoauaea y If apxnenecxonoa
U. K.

Avcrpajcxoj MOHapxlijJ.l 11 llCJIOM cy I1J1HPM a llcnOM Bnaca, jecre MtIlupoiloAUUi H apxueilucKoil, KOjM je 1740. npeaecrao CBOjy CTOJlltuy 113 Beorpana y Kapnoane y Cpeav 11 xon CBOjHX ce [eanoaepaax Hil3HB3 (wUipujapxoM.I04 Y LlYXOBHJ.lM craapHMa MHTpOnO.1lHT je BPXOBHH

non

nornaeaue: a.rm y

CBeTOBHHM

npeacenemrrao» jenner- CBCTOBHor CTBY jemror- U. K. as-rvapa H jenner

aapoaaor
H!fX BeJlHf(J.lM

xoeccapa, TYMa'la, «ao J.l

n060JLIlIalhY

y nplfcyHJlHpcKor

cesperapa

pa,JlHJ1H

aa ormrreu
TaKO I{

upxneca

craape.

CB. CHHOll

[Ca60p,

nan,e]

OTBOpeH je

ceevaaocraaa 21. cerrreeopa 1776, a OKOH'laH cpctiHO 3. jasvapa 1777. rOllHHe.1IJ1 Ha OBOM CHHOllY anapcsor CBemeHCTBa I.I.pKBeHC CTBapH caCBHM cy nperonneae, HJJlHBeHC y llpyry ¢apMY II CTaDJLCHC aa 60JLy OCHOOy. Ha-maeaa jc M 60JLa ype)l;6a aa
MaHaCTHpe If, JamM,

1777.
Tor

WTaMITaHa

nc'f)' ea

HCMa'lKOM

aaneeepese WKOJ1C vpeteae If 3aTHM cy noTJ>WHC IlIKDnCKC KH.l1re WTaMnaHC aa naa jCJI1Ka. On JaK.lhy'1aKa oaor ma-rajuor Canona, xoje [e nOTBpllHO enaaap, cavaHJlHPCKOM jCJIIKy. BJ1IlO

Ilo

apeaeea

rtpezcraanara raaev Hapolla; HUTH nonarara ITpaBO na OCTaBHHY MMpjaHa. OH I1Ma rOllHIlIH.C npexozta ompMJlI1KC 34.000 q,oP"HTH. OH npHTH'lC JlCJlHMH'IHO OLl 9.00Q q,oPJ.lHTH ITJIaTC, KOjy My na]e 6C'IKlf nnop sao HaKHaIlY 360r csaueH.a apxaenacxormje vcnen Beorpaacsor Mlfpa; .aCJ1liMH'lHO ca HMaHHl Ilan, HCpa.!tHH Ii EaHKOBUH (Dal/ya, Naradin and Pankofcze); JlCJIHMIt<fltO ca I{MaHHl, aaaorpaaa. on Kyna, 6aw-ra IITll. lCojJ.l npnriaaajv apxaenucxonu]a; llCnHMH'IHO 0,1{ npaJ1H'iHO BMCOKI1X raxca KOjC aopajv na My 'noJlO)KC BJlaIlHKC UPHJlHKOM ITOCBCnCJba; J:lCJ1HMJ.I'lHO 1f3 aeronc apXHCITHCKOITI1je,1i15 HO xoja je ry6HTKoM Cp6Hje CMatheHa. OHa 06YXBaTa caeo Cpea Ii rpan OcCK ca cvcemoa OKOJ1HHOM. YOCTarrOM,
HC MO)KC 1m Oaaj CJlI!KT, KOjH ItNa HaCJiORPeiYIJt1MeJlW, cacroju ce on 76 napa· rpa(j>a, ItNa npcso jC}lHor an(j>a6cTII in folio H 10 npanora IIIllJ,oIlOCHTIlOBJl.cjCJUlHH38l1l1It3Jt.Cra6HJllIfiHcynHIIlIIO,nOUJTOjc 'f\IBCKltfOCnO}lHlto6cpKOJllHCTllpHlUlparlJ,.EHlUltllr(Biisc/ring)Bchc3'1ItHHO Ta~alj HlllOlI ea eera H )lOHCO ra V CBnjHM ~malba HpcJlHItM WochenllicMe AII~eigen. nO'lCTaK croja V 18,oM 6pojV 0115. Maja 1777, a xpaj V cnenchca 6pojvoJll2.Maja If" TIfTYJIY narpajapx HC najc MV BItIUC enanap, a.nH fa OH 06I1'1HO TTPOHlllOllH:Ja rajaor caBCTHHK3 jcp MV npsmana rnryJla CKCCJJcHuHja.eCM rcra V TVPCImM uapcrav HMa jow 4lqlVf3 rp'IK3 narpajapra; TO jeer V UaPHTpaJIV. Jcpyea.IIH",¥, AmllO~HjH H AlicKCaHIlpHjH y Erltmy. Thx 5 natpujapaxa Mcby co6oM cy jCJlH~KIt. H HltjC!UlH HC :JaBItCHoa zpvrora. Hal«) U3p1trpaJiCKHIIMaHajB1!IUItVfJlclIHHajBChcnpHXOllC. IllS OBH 1t3BOpH apxltCOItCKOIlCKItX rrpaxona laKOHOM cy OllpcbeUH V HJlHPCKOMPefYIIUMeHlUy, § 4, cTl'IlHa 8 H 9. Alill nocroje JOIU jCJUlllnpyrl! <jJ<lHlIKlljI!MIfTj1OIlO.nIfTHCCMClIallltpa

raxobe

!fHCY Ja60paDJLCHC;

60JhC

cy

HoeH

je dopaanan ITOmHCao 06jaBJbeH

enaaapcxa H KOjl1 jc y Ee'ly

ennxr, vcsopo

KOjM JaTHM aa

je naanap xao jaBHI1

2. jatrvapa 3CMaJbCKH H IUIHp-

1777.
JaKOH

WTaMnaH.eM

HeMa'iKOM

Y upeeasa HeMa CTOJIHua lilt KJJYI1a,jcpcBH CTojc.I1CTOTaKO y caaeo] upKBltIlMacalolOje.naHomap;xopjcoll.nabeollc.n.cltjclIHHM3IUloM,HaKOJIc cClIBOjaBpaTalaBpeMCuy;t(0e'l3cOTllapajya'l3CliIllIapajv. 1111 npH 3IIKJbY'!Ii:V OBOr3H3'1ajKor CMH01l3 KOMccaM npHCYCTBOBliOH [a. HMCHOBaH[ltla6paH1 jc MH"1"pOnOJUfT apxaermcxon rOCIJOllHH Vince/Ii It JouIIIIO!'ic/r Vidnk [Bascnrejc J08aHOBlth BlUlaK]1.1. K. TajHI!M caDCTKHKOMa coltcKoncjcBJI3JU1pOoranlHarpaJl,llo.

Jv.

64

65

MHTJXlIlOlll1T KOH3HCTOPHjy

je M

aenaxa

lIH"IHOCT,

HMa npaBy

apXHCIlHCKOnCKY

KOjl1

Bpuiuv,

6aHaTV,

liMa

paCKOWHV

naJ1aTY

li

V. fhOJ

.o.pJICli lien neop

y Kap1l0BUHMa.

§ cxona;
KOjM

61.
OH

MI1TponOJUna

CBeWTeHCTBO If MHpjaHH aeroaa napona 6Hpajy cAo6ov}j/j,1I u360poM .QOJKHBOTHO H3Meby crtaje naxnc cpehuuja on uaparpancxor narpajapxa, 1l0CTojaHcTBO Mopa

caoje
)],0

ns

Kynyjc

O.Q

aenmccr

13e3Hpa

aa

JOO.(){)O ranapa, HMa CBaKe ronaae nonoemrv CBHX npaxoaa na ,na oroxaaceoj nOpTH, na anax nOCJIe HeKOllHKO ronaaa cnasor uaaa Tpe6a na oxcxvjc na ra CMeHe 90 caojax
H

caojc penoeno cenaurre; 3) enncson 6a'"!KH y Mauapcroj, '"!Hja je CI1HCKOnCKa CTOJlHQa y CJl06oD.HOM xpanencxou rpany HOllOM C<lJlY, na ceeepucj 06allH L1.YH,ma, Ta'lHO OpCKO on nerpouapanaaa, :roor vera ce oaaj 06J.1"1HO 300C cnncxon HO[)OCaliCKH, a onaj cnacson Bpwa'"!KJ.I; 4) enecxon apalicKH; 5) 6YJlHMCKI1; 6) naKpa'lKI1 y Cnauonaja; H najaan 7) Kap1lWTa:rCKH V CnaOOHHjJ.l, KOjH crauvjc y KOCTajHIIUH. Y CnaBoHHJH jcnaxne cauo jC1l8H rp'"!KJ.I enuckon, TO jCCT, V Ilaxpauv y Manoj Brtaurxoj. l-bcruaa enJ.lCKOOHja 06VXBaTa ~e caao CaaBOHl1jV 311 11 (H3Y3CBWH

nporaajv; TO jeer 'lliM .!l.obc KOjH npvra H nOHOIlO nOHYJIU eeaapv 100.000 'ranapa aa MCCTO narpajapxa. K3.,IIa ce apxnenacxoncsa CTOllHQa cMphy vnpaaaa, 1.[HTaB aapon uraae 75 onYHoMOheH"X nocnauaxa y JcapnoeBeJJHKOM

Ocex,
Hero

KOjH

rtpnnana

CpeMCKOj

apxnnajeueBap~)!(lIIIH

«arpononaronoj), nojuc 06J\aCTH V

11. xpDaTCKH CC HaJIa3H

KojJ.lMa

rcaepanar perneeara

Kpojucp
TaKO 11'

J.t

ca. Japrcn.

u.e,lIlti

KOjH

ca

BeJUfKHM

Clle"laHOCTHMa

II cjajeM,II17

nocne

npHCBC"Ia11J60P

Oncna

KaKO

apxnenacsorta

II

3HDaH>a CB. Jlyxa, HOCTH He CMCjy H3BPWH, je HapollY, Manor je

6Hl1f

npacrvnajv HJ60PV; ana TJXlWKOBH aeha on 2000 q,oPHHTII.11II "4HM ce

ce BJlanHHOM

caonnrraaa
na oaaj
V

xoaecapv, a OH ra oojaenvUpKBH

rpsxoj

cefopaoj
3aKlIeTBY

y Kapnoauaaa,
MHTJXlnomrra

y3

na.n.6y nOWTO

'rona, penosao
n01l0?KHO

HHCTaJlHpa

noeora
naaac 2)

eepaocra.w croja
ceOaM eUUCKO-

ocranor CBeWTCHCTBa nOTnVHO ce ca H.HXOBHM nocrojascreo» H n01l0JKajeM, H no.!U:I))(C r-a y O"lI1Ma aapona Y l-bJ.tXODOM WltpOKOM UpHOM ranapv, KOjH noxpana ue.no 'reJlO lIO ncra, H>HXOaoj nvroj fipana H KOCH xoja npapozao paCTe HMa 3al1CT8 aevera MVWKor, BeOMa YJhVLlHOr J.I D.OCTOjancraeaor. EnHCKOllH HIiKana He OTKpHllajy rnnav; OHIt aoce
DI1COKC

ertacxorta nocpo cnaxc

ceer

§ 62. Ilon ua,liIl

a TO cV:

MHTpOnOJlHTOM

upae

KaMHJlaBKe. CDJiX

1)

enacxort
cv
§ §

TeMHwBapcKH;

«apaaceceruea,
Pe1YJlU.lWHmy,
npll-

xao
IIii'> HnllpcKHPeiYJlQMeHlIi, IIIJ JlOT CllC 69, crpaaa 95

oec

CBe'laHOCTH

3aKOllOM

nponucauc y
1811 19

TH.

F
II»! HI'}

Ha HCTOM Kao IlITO

CBCUITCKCTIIO

MCcry,

15,npaH3 rOElOpH

orunapno
rp'lKC

HaBe)1CHIl

npanur
HC nOIlllClKll

PelYJlGMeHl7ia.
MlfTJlOnOliIl-ry, 0)1

<l>0pMYJlaJ.aKJlcTBCHUJIUJMCcylloD,aTKyH 1111 Hero UpK~C y EpJlen.y

CIIOMC

conCTBCHOM

crracxonv. y
II KOJ~

KOjH

nenocpcaao
H

:JaBHCH

EPllen.cICC
KOjll Y cy r

JUlOPCKCK3HllclIapHjcyl>c<ty:noUm)TaM?lIIH.II'lJi3110Ullrp'IKCllpKBCHCMajy

vonurrc
HH IUIII .'!HI1C CUll

HIlKaKaor

1{'IcllIha

np1l8HJlCrHJa.Ma )C}tHIIO rp'lKII c:rOJC

npaanaa
cy MOH3xa

7 ellHcKoTJI1ja najcnna He llOHOCJ.I :OllHKO soja CBaKe roaaac najc OKO 16.000 CPOPIIHxapaaccoeruxa .QOHOCJ.I OTllPHJ1HKC 1000 qopWHTIi MaH>e. Mebvraa, enacsorta HOBOcanCKH H apallCKI{ He aorv ceo] rollHWH>H npaxon na narav H1Hil.!l 1O.n0 12.000 CPOPJ.lHTli. EnJ.lCKOllJ.l 6ynllMcKH H naepasxa crojc eucre ropc, a «apnurrarcea aajrope, nourro !hemBI{ npaxoha J60r nClIHKOr cspoeaurraa 3eMJhe aaaoce jema 1000 nvxara. CBaKa enapxaja nO.QeJhCHa je aa nporononajure a OBW oner na naTCMJ.lWBapcKa,

§ 63. On

Ermcecnaja

I1JlHpa

16\1O.1101llJl1I

113.TypcKC

non

MHTJ.1<l[Jo';THTOIli.

byKOBH-

aycrpHJCKU) jc

MOllllaBHjH OH.'!"

JClI,HOeepHHUl1

IIIHor06pojHH. H

1777. ollno
OHII IIMajy

caora

415

lTOn003,

96
KOjll

b.1KOIl3, CT<ltI'IyjC

466
Y

8R

ro·

poXHje.1I1
III i{OniIKO Oilpoxllja.

M()H~~IlH.a

CIlIICK(ma,

Pil1I<IHUY

(~adaJlcz).

Oeaj

upkaaa

II

¢'llllHjaJl<l

H"a

cMKOj

cnap.~IIJII apancsajc

1110-

VOYJlyhcHCI>I0ll(CBHlllcnoman.aTI,nOiluapHrpailcKurnarpIlJ3pxa.

)ICC CC

BIIJI<."T1I1I3nplIJlUra

811J1HpcKorl'erYJI<Lwcltlua.

EnlicKonHJa

66

67

EmlCKonCKU

npliXOnH Kyl'ta

nparaav

.nenHMH'fHO D;e.DHMIi'iHO on

on

3eMJLe, HH-

npanana «apnoaavsoj apxaerracxonaja, 'rj.

apXHCnHCKOnCKOM MMTpClnOJlllT HauHj", pHCT.II~ na He UMaH>V CMC
HJIJ{

HenpHKOCHoneHoM

aaaorpaaa,

uivaa,

H 6aWTa;

naeaaa

(txm.ny nOUITO

anapcxe
OH

aana]e,

KOjH

wera
'IHTHX.

cneWTCHCTBa, .npyrux

Hapo'flITO

nonona; D;a)!(6HHa.1I1 H

neJIUMH'IHO

OD; PaJJJH-

na napa:

enUCKonCKUX

nonoaa KOjH HHey OCTaBHJIH D;CW{ enuceorrv. 3a nocaehcee ceeurreaasa

OD; oCTaBUHe OHHX pobase ~ npHIIa.najy H HHBecnrrypV apxa-

npeaa TOMe 'rpetia rra ce vnorpeea Oeaeo npananajv H CBH HOBUH KOjH ce

rtpanana 'IHTaBOj y fbCHY KOMOry yurreHJIH He .neJIH He-

aaunpara,

HrYMaHa

U BHKapa

y6ynyhe

ee

enacxortava

HHWTa

neru 0)1 npaxona aa apeae ynpaJKH>eHe apxaenacsoncxe enacxoncxe CTOJIHue. MebyrHM, aKO enacxon npeMHHC
OCTaBHBUIH CBOjy nOCJIelUbY BOlLy,

aaure aene nnahara. YlCTO cy TaKO nomvao ytmuyral13 cea aaaae,a soja ey npananana erracxonceaa eraapcaaa H.JIH BUxapaaa. Ilecerxa enacsona vonurre HCMajv, jep CeJbaU,H rp'l-

ua nea jenaasa
npHKOCHOBeHOM Ba'lKOM

nena,

on. KOj"X

aeroaa ce ocraaasa jenaa npanaaa pe'lCHOM

HMaH.Y

xe

Bepe,

ua cao]e

)1<HTa It CTOK~ BJIaCTeJ1HHCTBa

na
ce

BeJIHKO .najy

He3a.nOBOJhCTBO,

vopajv necerax

on

UIKOJICKOM

cpoHlIVll1

aana]e, a n.pym ce npH6Hja «apao(Karlowitzer Schulcapitalien).

H:my'Ie

KaTOJIH'lKUM

6HCKYnitMa,

a y '1eTHpH je

enaaapv.
soja enscxonaja
H CDH

65.
6e3

CBHM 3HaH.a LtpKBH OHH

apxaerracsormaa

na

enaaapeaa
TalCO

H CTIHCKOnHMa aatipaueso sora H3 l.{PKBe, WTO

CBeWTCHl-udl npHCHJIra

§ 64. Ken

vnpaaaa,

HC

nonyaaaa

je

HCTO'IHOj

HMa HCTO TaKO CTpawHe UCTO

TIOCJIe.llHl.{C !CaD H V

anaaap,
)KaTH

Hero

MHTponOJlIIT

POM, KOjH

BJIa,nap

enacsorm rto'rsphvje. CBe sera ce

CJI060,lUlHM nplITOM

HJ60-

aananaoi.
CnojCBOlLHO HHM HHCV

He Mory nocaehenora
OKOBHMa

-rpefe np-

KaJKthaBaTH HJlH

60jCM,

U JlaHU,HMa, aKO

3aKOHOM

HOM H3Meby MO MOHax.

je onpeteso.nHOBH crmceon Sapa ce eeneapxaxaaapara; jep osv '1aCT MO)Ke nocraha ca-

paaoa

cVCneH3HjoM;

cea

V c.ny'lajy pe.nOBHHM

ua

TO no-

ocvztane
UMaTH

H.HXOBe

KOH3HCTOpuje

cvnCICHM

CnaKH

cxa
ja

BJlaCT

jow

enacscn
Hero Ko

HMa H KOH3HCTOPHjV, KOn npoTCCTaHTCKHX Ja.Il.OBOJhaH

'1Hja

je cvn-

c-rynKOM.IIM y6y.avt'le HHM

HeTO

TaKO He MO)ICC DHCOKO U HIDlCe cneWTeHCTBO BJIaCT

wupa

KOH3HCTOPH-

y HeMa'lKoj.1I5

aaje

npecvno»

enacxoncse
y Kap-

cryfioM,

HJIU

na

na

MHpjaHe

KaJKH.aBa

60jeM

HJIH cpaMl.I,eJ1Hnajv

UM V l.I,pKBH He

nonvurra na
HeMajy

KOH3HCTOpHje, JIOBU,HMa.

MO)Ke

.na anenyje

aa apxaenacxoncev enacxon
KOMe Mory

HKOHC.119

na

ce

Ho TO ce JOUI lICUIaBa, J60r 'rora ;+;:a..rre.

a MHpjaHH

xpa6pocrn

Kaxo
HMaH.a

MlITpOnOJIHT y

TalCO H

n0J10BHHy .npyra

cnor

na ocraasajv

nacnebe

xone:

nOJlOBUHa

no 15.

uajjaca, jep OH8 liMa 481 napoxajv. 6YD.liMCKa Mcbynll! liMa eaeo 48. IicJ 06Jllpa 113 TO, OH3 HC.!lOHOCII HajBlIlIlc,aoD3HlljcHajropa. 112 CDlIlIJIlOplI erracscncxnx rrpaxoaa twjll rrpo"CTllo.ry IIlllRBaH.!lIl raeca, ravao cv oapeteae y HOOOMPeiYAUMeHlUy, § 22, crpaaa 251126. III Ha HCTOMMcery,§27,CTp3Ha28 114 Ha H~M "'eery. § 21, CTp3Ka 22 II 23. CDe'l3KOCTII V3 KOjC cc 061i'111O 06aILll>8.JY CTlIICKOTlCKH IImpH nponacauc cy y .nO.IIJIUIIMaA II G; a q,oP"'YJlR 3aKJlCTBC HODOIl3a6paHoracTOjH y npHJloryA II: Kaxo rpc6a .11J16YIlYypebeKcKoK3HCTnpHje H Kal<DC lla 6yJro{, 011mapao je nporracaao v ocaoe ollCJ1,ryE'eiyAQMeIJi1ia, § 51.n0 59,CTpaHa 12

§ 66. Y HH)Ke CBeWTCHCTBO cnaaajv nporonpeaaarepa nporononoea, KOjH cV jCltHaKH npBOM naCTOpy UJI" cVy Heaasxoj; narse npe3BHTCpH HJlH rrortoaa; xao H apxabaeoaa. rtporobaxona, DaKOHH WT)l., a H anaxopeUlu HJlH penOBHHuW y aanacrapaaa H nYCTHH.al..Uf. Haje oene MCCTO na ce rOBOpH 0 cnWM THM lLVltHMa. Hnax l'i.y peha HCICOJlHKO pe'l" 0 nonoaaea HJlH napocnua, '!HjH je nonoscaj
HJIH nepHHTeH.ll,amy II~ Ha 111 Ha 11K Ha II~ Ha HCTOMaccrv, IICTOM eccrv, IICTOM accrv, IICTOII!Meery, § 8.n0 II, §3U, CTp. § 59, ere. § 61, crp. crpana 10.nn 33. 87 Ii 88 90. 15.

68

69

OoR.aajjaxer
'{HJa .OHli ce pe~KO

vruuaja
YMCJY. Hahl{

y .np::KanH. y

Benana
'1l1TalbY, CCM

HX

CBa Y'l_CHOCT O~JIe.na

je HCYKlIX Jby.llll, nacanv nojaav;

I{

reunco aancra,
)f(6a

re

enure

jC3WKa

caora,
3Hajy

a 113McIJy

CTOTJ.lHe

§ 67. Y avcrpajcso-aauapcioor 3eM.JbaMa HMa 30 rpvsax MyWKHX aanacrapa aa 6pojy, all" najenan )l(CHCKH.i:!J fOLtHHe 1777. Sane je y CJIaBOHHjH 6 a y cpeacso] .!lHjeuc3H 12,
LtaKJIC y 'IHTaDoj JlHKO 3CM.JbH

.Jc.n_Hora

Cll()C06Ha

11.a o.up::KJ.l MHoro,

lbl1Ma

Ii HH~C 1l0lpe6HO

na

nponcaen. H jep CC cJlyn

MOJlHM3-

18 aanacrapa,
rpabenaaa.

Me5y

KOjHM<l

jc

HCKU-

nccaa

pacKolllHHX

On 23 rp-eca
6p.uy ATOCY,

MaH<lCTMpa

y UpKBH

cacroja
11M je

cauc

y 60rOCJlY:KClbY, nOJbOnpMBpe.ua;

nojaav

KOjH ce HaJIa3e HOM CDCTa JlO)!(HM cy

y MaKc.noHMjH

na

06H'UlO

11IH. fJlaBHO rJIC)Iajy

JaHHM(!lbC

a 11 HHa'lC

Fopa, npananajv 2
npcaa
TOMe

aYCT]JHjcKHM

HJlHpHMa,

naaaaJ.I nonHaj3a-

BMWC «no ceeana Hero «ao .nyWC6PJ.l)l(HHUH. MCHJ.l anax 'IliHI1 na OHH CBOjOM npHpO.llHOM aecnperaoumv aanoce MalbC WTCTC DCpH HCrO xcnpacrojaa onena, Ca6J1a)l(lbHno . npxcaac H .nPCKO ~HUC r-.uranHX yrJIanCHHX CBCWTeHHKa, KOJI1 caa noxpaxaeajv HOBOj MO.llH H CBOjHM nonaurauea cea«onaeaao 06ecBcI'tyjy OJITap KOMC Cny:KC. KaKO jc 6poj nonona nperepairo oo~aCTao, npeavaere cy pa3J!Ii'{HTC MCpC na CC ce'CMalbH.1211 H~cT01H CC TaKODC cy

MH1pOrIOmny rp'lKJ.l

y
Hero

KapJIOBUHMa.

na ce .nOBHMa H CCJIHMa, xao nvcraeaaa, no npHMepy

HHM.JbMBHjC TO KBe,

je

MaHaCTJ.lpH

KaTOJlH'IKJ.l, npDHX

ue nOLlH)Ky y rpaaaaaa y llIYMaMa J.l

rpvsorna aa

HC3HaJ.ba

y KOjCM OCHyjC .IIa

na CC nOJIaKO HllI'{ynajy na orpeana, y KOjy CBpxy rpeoa .IIa

CCMHHapHja I1JJM llIKO-

CC y Kap.nODUHMa 6Y.!lync 6e3

CDCllITCHH'IKa

nonoee .
H3Y3CTKa

He 6H CyBHllIC cy

COC llITOJlC MHpjaHa Ko

jacao

ozpebeae

vepvnana MHpjaHc, H aa 06aDcwTcfhc

Mopa HMaTH

o6jaDJhCHC

wTaMnoM.111

xottc na
rO.!lHHC, CBOra

6y.nc

ncceetrcu aa
nOJlO)f(HTH

CDCWTCHHKa

npen KOHy TYPCKOj 06J1acTH. Do.cJIe 'rora MO)f(C 1pa)f(HTM napoxajv, ann Mopa 6HTH ayCTpHJCKI1 nO.1l,aHHK. CDC rtapoxajc najv apxaenacson 11 ellHCKOnH. CuaKM npann COCWTCHHK je 3ajc.uHO ca caojoa
·pe1l.0BHH HCOHT 3HCTOPHJOM CnHCKOJla Ii: He CMe CC nOCOCTHTH :~:~OM OCJl060l:ieH 0.1l, KOHTPH6YUHjc W CDHX .!lpyntX

npeeo 2~

»ore

MaHaCTHpa xpaurhancxe up«oa Plnapa JODy KaAyl5epu a KOLI Y nOQO)J(HOCTH OMCTaHI1 J.i na J.iX CDCTCKa DpCDa HC 6H 6YHHna. Oaa aaaepa, xojv cy HMaJlH H npBl! OCHHDa'lH MaHaCTHpa y IV CTOJIchy, CDaKaKO je Sorevronaa H y aajachoj Mepu nOXBaJIHa. Ho 113 }bC aacra]e ra HeBOJI,a aa «anvbepa Y nyCTHJ.bH aanaanajv H na ce He Mory np)l(aTH y CTC3Ii; aapo-mro 3aTO llITO lbHXOB apXUMaHOpwu HJIM ouaw, a ,{CCTO Ii uIYMali. UJIH leapoujall., HC )l(HDH CTaJIHO y »aaacrapv.w Manacrnpa cy DHCOKa WKOJla aa CDC CBCllITCHHKC, KOjH

na

MOHaCH,

KOjM

CC

Fpxa

anaxopemu:

He fill

6H.fIH

OH,l(C TJlC6a

.IIa ce

y'le

Sorocnoeaja

H npyrl1M

HaYKaMa,

360r

na-

i1lKOJlrpK8IfC!dUHIllllllanCK3TOJTIlK01KCHCKHXM3H3CTHpaKaOKOIl K3TOJIHK3.Y Cnaeonajn HOCTaIlI!M !dauapcKHM lC!dJhUM3CUlt CYOHlt yKI!HyTil, jcp cy nO'fCJIH na CC npcrsapajv y jaBHc Kylic. 124 H311CUlhy HeKOJIHKOnpaecpe KOjH cv ce oa npc IICKO.QHKO rcnuaa .QCCJlJ1H Cn300Hltjll. Jenan Kanybcp0ll.l1311l0jC y '1crnhc y nea'rrv na My jc n3T1OC.11CTXY jaeao onceccaa rnaea K301.lPV1'lnOM paJ60jIlItKY. Y jC.!lIIOM Maaacrapv nopca Ilaspaua pU5cCHc.rrn cv cc Ka.<rybcpnIl3cBOfa apxlUtaHnpHT;I TOJ1HKO lIa~y ra y6H.nH roo3.llCHliM MOTKaM3. Y Kpajy roja npunana FpaUHUlKOj PCnlMCtrrH y~BaTHO jc HCKH BOjHHK CBOjy lI(CHY Y npcJbyOli c jC.!llIHM KaJlybcpoM,Kojllje6l1o IhCfOB pobcnll fipaT,H xoac jc ou HaJIHUY MCCTa YlCO JKHooT; J60r vera jc OOjllllK jCJI.JtHOaopao na npotc xp» WH6e. K!IJl cy BHK3pa UJiU HHCTojHHKa jcnaor Mau3CTHpa y CpcMy OnTyll(HJlH na [c npHclIlljHo HCKaKBtlMaHacrnpcKc HODUc,fiaUHo rajc mrrponoJ1Jrr 1776. Y cuojYT<lMHHttYHJlHnolIP\fM,HapellHojc1I<IraCKHHyrO;1aHWI!Oajy,3TIIlI CyMyH31llJlH Kccyn\fllYil1jK3Ta ecaauv arnon aouunma.

70

71

cera ce enaceona
cy nOCTaO cymulle

nonoaa
Ha<litH Ii

Y:U1Majv

it3

vaaacnepa.

Ho

HaKO

rtpaac

H3PH<JHTD CBCTOBtball,H

H nonoenea.!" KOjH ce

TOMe

aacvnpor,

l:laKoHH

cv

aaaacrxpa na raj
BeJHlK ce

KOPHCHH, no

anax

je

H>HXOB 6poj

caao
lI,HMa, OBH H,

rora
HOM

can

H pru:ut

urreraa aa TOM na ce

3aje.llHHlI,Y.

CMaH>H. ITo

Earn Dar Ha<lClIY xoje je

KOjH conCTBC6ap

CBC PV<JHe

nOClIOBc;

ana

CS. CHHO,n

npaxaarao 1776, CSH

H 6eJ

OHH MaHaCTHpH

koje y BchHHIf sanvbepa CBCTOBH.all,H nonneose

1I

fiaee HeKHM 3aHaTOM H 06aBJl,ajv anase npee paeaaa CBCWTCHHMaHaCTHpa Spojea naneso Ha,IlMaWanajv·
HX

aenocpeaao

enacxorrv

caaroa Ken

npancra
IIOllaKO

MHpjaHa

He
H

MOry

na acxpaee
cnoje C

8 «arryhepa rpeoa
Ma.l25 6u KaTOJUI<lKC HMal-be CTHMa;

na

HCCTaHV

na ce

zpvru-

000 6JlarOTDOpHO

MaHaCTHpe! OHO

Caa

MaHaCTHpa. peTKO V cv CS.

vpebene 06YXRaTlUIO 6ap H ce npeMa TOMC HcnHTYjc CTBapHO je aehanoa V 3CMJhH H aenoxperno-

xanaranv.
CBW KU/lylJepU "JlIi UH.UXOpeUtIl je. HCTOra

apxaaaanparaaa. enanap, a HrVMaHC enaccon, U TO 06ojHlI,V ,lIO)l(HBOTHO. Kaso aanpxaeaae apxaaaaJIpHTa craapa MaHaCTHpy SClIHKe TpOWKOBC, TO Y CBaKOj enncsoncso] ,nHjell,CJIf -rpeba na Svne caao jC,lIaH aaaacrap KOjH he aa CTapCllIHHV "'MaTH apXHMaH.IlpHTa; CBHMa ocranaaa TpCApXHMaH)l,pHTC HMCHYje 6a

sao

caeurreaaua,

aenocpeaso caa

§
TO jeer

68. ,Ua peaa

Bacanaja,

n03HaTO

ITo6o)KHH

peaa. apxaena-

na VIIpaBJba HrVMaH. vxaarana «opeea.

§
He

AnH

OBa

HOBa

oapenoa
nyHH

jaw

aaje

ceon Bacnnaje 6HO je npaa KOjH je MOHaCHMa H MOHaXHH.aMa nponHcao naposara rtpaaana. KaKO ce TO .ll.CCHlIO Y rO,llHHH 300, TO CV aeroaa npaSJ.f1Ia npsa; a MO)KJIa H Haj60.lha C 063HpoM ua .nyx npaaor xpaumaacrea. am KanybepH KJIH aaaxopern It

69.

OHaj

rnaaua
"X

nO.1lCTpcK

xoja
TO

HHa'lC ,lI06po

MaHaCTHH nUTH,

pe H npe1pnaBa

KanybepllMa,

jeer

jeers

oneeajv na

ce jC.IlHaKO. npe

ITo

HOBOj ypen6H

He MO)KC CC o6y<lC;

HHKO IIpHMHTIi TCK Mopa MO)KC JlHHH

V MaHacmp H3,IlP)l(H

24

ronaac na ce
3
ICOHa'IHO KOjU

rana
vselC

naae y 3a,nOBOJDCTBY Ii aecersv npoBOlI,HTH nocrara ann, TO jeer BCJlHK H Sorar rocnoaaa, raj nO.1lCTpeK, BCJlJ.lM, omaaa KO,ll Fpxa. Jep CBH KaJlybepH
'ICCTO H BpeMC"OM )JOiSC HC Momc KpajtbOM HIt'!KU TYpeK" CSpXOM )KHBOT. 611TH

panara,

capoaatnaa]e,
CIluJC

CKlIll.IlY

ca CT(Xlr

npaooM

HOBHwfjaT

on
n;OK

rO.!l.HHC, y KOM jow

aanvcrnra
HC n01l0)l(H

MaHaCTHp;l26 CBC<laHH

csojoj

28
H

ro-

JaDeT,

je

HCTH

xao

xon

OHH

ceora .1lVXOB"Or xaurrarviv

H

CTanC)I(a

aone

TCJlO,

He ,lIoD)'llIe

noxaj«ao

.nCPBHWH

ICaTOllH<lKHX

aoaaxa.
ce

PVCHjH

je aa

TO nponHcaHo

30 rona-

aero

caao

TaKO

naraacxa 6paXMaHH V I1H.1U1jH, urro My<le caoje 'reno aajenuo ca

ClIaCTH;

6H'IC!,!-, OnaK"M

Kanvbepa (jepoxoaaca)

nene

2 cnace:
KOj" ce

OHU cV HJJH

xajepoxosaca
ITpBH cV 6ane ,lI8 ,lIobe cnHCKOXTCJlH je TO

HJm MOHaCH,

aosv

crpacraaa " onpasv CC JCMaJI,CKHX CnacHTCJb CBeTa npormcao CBOjHM

«ao

llITO

Y'lCHHUHMa.

je caM Kanvbepa

H baKOH".

nocaenena
cTy.llHpaH.CM, BpeMC

.lIYXOSHHUH,

KOjH

CC jC.!I.HHO

H HCK.Ih~"SO H <JcKajV nOD)IC)KC

na
Hero

ItllY

novxaaajv anane CBCllITCHHKC na CJ1V)K6V 6mKjy. OHIt HC

y KapnODlI,HMa. J.lCK.lhV<lC

npexo UClIC ronaae He jc.nV Hit veco, HItTH jaja, MJlCKO H aacnau. IIITaDHwe, 0 nOCHJ.lM ,naHliMa aacpaaeaa ItM je H pafia. CRa jena npanpeeajv liM CC aa y.lhV.I'11! 06H'lHO HM je nahc aona. Y3
TaKDV

naaa,

aerpononarv
nOTnVHO

Kan

cv

oun

xpaev

Mopajy

jepoaoaaca

aenpccraao

na rtonoae

on HCnOBC.IlaH>a,
47

3a.1lp)l(aHO

111Ha HCWM MCCry, §45. CTp.45 H 46 1,~ rp'lKIl aauacrap naemc [c HahH no
pbaa" lejmH, K(ljH yn<npc6ib<lBajy lrpa!LH,[IajelleKHCMpJULIIBHMHpIlC.

I"~
72

125 HJlHpcKIl PciyJlaMCllm, § 47, crp. 46" Ha IIl'TOM MeCTy. crp. 51, 6p. 12.

mlpHcy aero ra ~II,[1CTII;[ep J6<lf urrCJULIlIIOCTH, CEHM IIpcllMCTIIMa H

73

na crvnapajv; I1J1H na opy,

xorrajv.

a MOHaCi.J: ll jyrpa no MpaKa na pane aaaar, a pallC m:IHorp3.1l12~11T1l. Ha raj Ha'lMH

«c MHpjaHc 'ieCTO 3aBOllC C nvra

rtpaee no60lKHOCTM II crua-

Mopaiy CBM sanvbepa na jeav CBOj XJJe6 y aaojv nana caora. Taxo 511 tpeoano na je y CBHM MaHacTMpMMa! Jep Eor je ypclluo na MOJIHTBaM pan I11IYjemo C lIpymM, a TO OJla6UBM aKO ce jeaao 0.11 npvror paCTanl1. DpOCT aapon ncucaavje npeMa KanybcplIMa MJDaHpC.QHY HaKJlOHOCTH CJleITOMM nepvje, 3aTO liITO OHM lKlfBe y C1pOrOCTIf, urro cy yMpm1 aa CBeT II urro amuc on CBMXilpymx nvxosaaxa croje na maey CBCTOCTH11 npaaosepaor yqClha. Hapon qeCTO XOllOqaCTII y MaHaCTHpe M noanava llM CBe WTO caor-ae. J1HaqC cy «anvtepa Dp.nOrocTOJhy611BM: OHII VCPllHO no'"leKvjv nyrHHKC 6C3 pa3J1I1Ke Bepe, 11 panocaa cpua najv MM CBe WTO MaHaCTHp MO)!(e; 3.IlIl aa TO O"lfeKyjy KaKaB MaJm nOKJIOH. llltaaaure, lhl1XODOrocrorsvtine o6YXBaTa KUTK3lla M pastojnuxe, «ojc KpmIIoM rrvurrajv 11a son lbHX nPCHOne H npylKajv MM npaceaanrre: lIollywe He no CBOjOj anna, nero 360r cTpaxa na tie MM HHaqC paJ60jHMUM V OHMM rrvcnnsaaa noxapara MaHaCTHp M II06MTM acrose lKlITC.Ihe. 360r OBara [e BJIaCT y ryPCKOj 06JIaCTM Bell" nopvunma HeKOJIMKOMaHaCTIIp~ M pacrepana «anvbepe. § 70. OHO lUTO cy HeKII Ben aanaaana, na cy lIYXOBHMUH KO.QCBMXaapona l1 y ·CBa BpCMeHa 611JlI1Ba311ajc,(lHaKH H na cy TO jour VBeK, TO ce norapbvje 11«on J1J1l1pa. HH)I(e CBCWTeHCTBO (nonoaa, Ka.nybepl1 H CBM OCTaJll1) YMC na H3MaMM HOBau O.Qnasoaepnnr CBCTa noaonv CTOTIIH1j 113MMWlbCHHX MOJJMTaBa,'Ilj1l0TDopcTaBa H CBeTaqKMX nocrvnaaa, KOjH Hey-

pajvxon I-bMXnorpCWHC nojeoee 0 Be'"lHOM Secspajaoa 6l1hy, o npaooe lKWBOM 6ory. HCTO TaKO aanone vnore, K3.1I MM llohe· CMpTHH vue; na ocraan.ajv 3aBCWTaI-ba M npanore upKDaMa H MaHacruplIMa, lI.!TO I-bHXOBl1 n01pe6HTM aacncmaun nOCJJe jasceo onnaxvjv. Hacvnpor TOMC, aaure CDCIllTeHCTBO YMe· na nate cnjacer cpeacraaa H nvreaa na acrpme IUICH H3 pyKy Hl1)1(Cr H na nparpaca noean on aera. H3 Tor 1pYllH CC BI1We CBCIllleHCTEO 6e3 npeCTaHK3 1IU HH)I(Cr KOJIHKO je BI1We eorvhe. A KaKO cy nonona

OCJlO-

600CHI1 on KOHTPH6yuHje H n:pymx repera, TO CBaRM cenax KOjH YMC ql1TUTI1 H rracara TC)!(J1 na nOCTaHe caeurreaax. Baure HO CBI1.upym, aopajv ce MaHaCTHpH nOMllpHTM C TIlM na 6YllY vnorpecaeaa «ao cvabep, KOjl1 ertncxon, xan My vctpeca aoaaua, caao CTIlCHe. CllaJ(11 enacxon rnena na aaHaCTHpe KOjM ce aanaac y neroaoj lIYXOBHoj 06JIaCTM xao era caoje conCTDCHC 3J1aTHe py)I.HHKe. nOIllTO apxaaanaprrra II l1fYMaHl1 YBCK uacroje na llony no enacsonaje, soja ce 1l0611ja Cn0601lHHM W:IDOPOMMMTpOll;DJII1TaH CBHX ermcxona, nano je 3aMHCJJHru xasc.paao 11cnpeMHo nvnrrajv OHI1 na ax OBM vepvnajv, He 6M JIH nOMOny He,.~allH'IHOr MaMOHa CTeKJII1 3a~::I1;:.;0;;:e~:~:~·:u{~ynOTpe6e yKHHYT.t; HOBMMype-

BelbcM upKBeHMX crnapa.Saopaneac cV CBe WTOJIe «oje HOBa vpenfia 0 WTOJJaMa HC canpaca M He HaBO.QM.1llICBeWTeHJoH.\H HHK3KO He CMCjy na cacraaeajv WJII111I1Wy TeCTaMCHTCMMP[aaa.!» Caa MJPI1'lI1TO HCnOTDpnCHa naaaaa HH)I(er CneII.!TCHCTBa BI1WeM, M vonurrc CBaKO CKYl1Jbal-bC npanora, .naPODH, nOKJlOHI1 I1Tll. CTporo cy 3a6pal-beHH apXl1enMcKony II enHCKOnHM<l RaO nenortvurreao M3Hyl"5anaI-be. H HanOCJJeTKY, 6C3 M3Y3eTKa aafipaacaa cy M CBa OHa nanaaa xoja cy unaae V

74

75

HOBUY H .npyfl.fM CTBapHMa aaeacrapa aopana na 'flIHe enaCKonHMa, If nparoa je aapebeao lUI enacxona He Mory npaCBOjHTII .aeurra on npaxoza »aaacrapcxex.r» CBe caMH 6J1afOTBOpeHH 3aKOHIt, !COjH HMajy aa CBPXYfcarocraae azapcxe Hall.Hje. MebyrnM, crapo yropeaeao JJlO He na ce 6p30 HJJle'ilffii. ITOrpe6HO he 6HTI1 jour 50 rozaua .!lOK ce oaaj aapon He HaBHI<He aa npaeana H ype.ll.6e. ITpBO rpe6a na HHKHe H onpecre HOB aapaurraj. Kpaj
apse K}bllie

DIIHC CJIABOHHJE
II KH:.Hra

H CPEMA

Ca YM.eWHyWUM caoil!¢UefbUM.a 0 cyceoHUM. 3eMA>UM.au HAupUMa, K.oju cy ce y H;UMa ecoua paWUPUAU. ff3 coilcilieeltoi ilOeM.a-. mpa1bQ U 3ailaxu1b(J Y'lUft,eHUX y CaMO}

In

Ha IICTO", aectv,

aa ~pajv

§ 4R. 6poj 20, crp. 54.

76

j)ijlt'rifdje

unb 9fograp~ifd)e

~efd)rcibulIg

6lavonitn (5 bi'mt en,

be; Jtonigcdd)e;
1I11b

be; .t>eciogt~umc;

nPED,rOBOP
lIpyroj KlbH1H

nl1m

i6rcr nl1turlidjen

f o \tl 0 ( Q3eid)l1tfin~eit,

MflOniM rrpee, jep cy 3eMn.e TH'lKC

'lHTaOl.lllMa y npaoj A oaa

y'lflllHhe caao

ce Kl-hHr3

Qua

KI-hHra

3Ha'lajHHja

on

onHC3He

onurre

II npnposue H na'lHH craaexa, sao

oc0611He

aId aud)

II CTallOBHHKa. rroenacrune KaKO 6eJ

npvra
TaKO

can.P)l(tI

nOCOOHe H [JOJIH-

nad} ,i~m il}igru $rrfalfu~9 unb MUt!! ~inrid)rung III lmf;lfid,lrn, bt'irgn'!Ld)en Hnbmllirllrifdjm llingeu.· ,

OCOOHHe Kparseeane,

.!lp)l(aBHO sao

yCTpOjCTBO H .!lp)l(aBHHX

vnpaae
H npaaa

HoOJ,

KplULll H3yJen:aj

CB~X CTaHOBHHKa Mauy¢laKTVpa ~ HOBHjy KaKO H CpellHKl eeaaaa AOTahH HO urrc nen ca ce cy pecnpaenara

H CT31f>e YMeTHOCTII,

HaYKe, H Cru3P-

II -rproeaae; a tI

nane,

ypebelf>e

npasocvba;
HCTOPHjy

IDlit lIntel'mifd)uII mad)rid)un sen ben ""gran;

,iCIlL'ill.~¢Ilbern lint: von ben :JIIQrifnl I rnddj( fu~ 111 benfdben 11"d nUlO11ebniur ~"btn. lJIu6(igenerfSeo611d)hmgullb
jffi~~tnt~lIltlng~n

--------

IT.

mncp.

Hy nOD.eJ1Y Kpaneenae, CnaBOHMje CnaBoHHj3 ncropaja 0 aoj HCTOPHjOM

sapo'erro crapv Cpea

'lHHe aeo

'lHTaOelvlHpHje TO je napa CKO[J'laH3 II fleMoryhe norpeoao lCMJbe npe na je raj

H CpeM3. crape TaKO pallH Hnnpaje, nonpotiao bnno je jow penH THX !l.Bejy 'lHTaBC cY.!l6tme CaB HM30 aoje nocemre.
Ii

lCMlULa iVIuptlje, JacHOCTIi

1l1l 104Mje

Sane

nopexna
HnHpUjy jour 113BecHoeH:I HIlCy

sauaunsax

CTaHOBHHK3 MOP3M

im.!'anbtrdtijlSmla~tflt entlOotj'1II

Jay3eJ111 H nOCeJ1H. Hn y TaMH. Huje

acropujc

MOj Tpy.!l. aa 6allHM

ua If> CBeTnOCT )f(CJICO H nanao IIHKaKBC uaurao KilKO noyIIX

novaaaue

vcnexa
sane

KOjJ.l cna Morne

\friebticp m3ilbelm ~on 'tanlie,

S~(rn:~ .itoni~[.
!llt$(ttIlng~at9f.

My ce. Y rp'lKIiM H

MaHaCTHpHM3 ce II nopea H CT3pH

H y apXHBHM3

rp-ucor apxuenacs.ona
HahH 0 HCTOpHJH CTapHX caa MH oOHeWTO 3eMJbC y

enacxona

J1IallC nHCTHHe

BC(XI.!l.OCTOJHU pYKonHCu CnOBCHa. 6HMHO'feUH, pa.!lCfiH TaKO

Hmlpa ~
acurro

If>HXOBHX na

y oanannsoj H

aacnemunca, Llapceoj
apeeenv, 1l3CCJlHJll1

McbyrUM, J.I 01111 cy UCTOPlljy

felpli9.
HaCJlOBHa CTPaH~ opurauamtor

'777.
'onaH,,1 II !<:H.llrc liJ 1777, r

OCDeTnHn~, CTapOM npc

C3M HX cc

npxao

cpemeea

U HCTOPHjy

CJIODCUCKHX napona

H()WTOCYCC

Y HnHpHjJ.l.

79

OcHM rora,

HHcaM nponVCTHO VK01lHKO HHCV V

HH n03HaTa

urraanaua

noaonua

nporaavpexnocru ca cnoMcHyrHM Flpe CBCra 1plI;!(HO CaM 06aBCUITCH>a V CJlCJlChHM JleJlHMa: Caroli du Frssne, Domini du Conge, lIIyricllm vents e/ novum, sive historic regnorum Dalmatiae, Croatiae, Stavonioe. Bosniae, Serviue atque Bu/gariae, KOjV je V'ICHH rpo¢ Jocan Kernenah EV)((HHCKH, itlJlHP, ronane 1746. nOH080 in folio urraanao y nO)((VHY ca MHorHM l1011all,HMa Il ucnpaaxaaa, 360r sera aDU H3,O;aH.e 3aCJIy)((vje 113 My ce ml BCJIHKa npenaocr acnpen CBHX OCTaJlHX. Ilane: Memoriae populorum, olim od Danebium, Pomnm Euxinum, paludem maeotidem, Caucasian, mare Caspium et inde magis ad seplentrionell! incotemium, scriptoribus historiae Bywl1tinae eneae et digestatae (j J. G. Strittero. Tom I, KOPHCHO 11eJlO Koje je 1771. aaaumo V C. Ilcrcpcovprv y BCJIIlKOM KB3pt)!. npHTOM HHcaM npcnvcrac HH p33He p3cnpane H cnace no CJlOOCHCKV HCTOplljV OCOMa 3aCJIY:>KHOra rocnoasma npocpecopa TyHMaHa (Thunman) V Xane, «ao HH HCTOPHjV Hnapa KUjy je HCKyeHH H npoacpena 1.\. K. aajop ¢pajxep ¢oH XoeHxaV3CH (Hohenhau.fen), MOj l.\eH.eHH npajarers, H3lIllO ronaae 17n. V OceKV V CnaBOHHjll. CBe 0CTaJi0 V OBOj npyroj KIbHJH nrro ce He TH'le ucropaje Plnapa, nora-rc, HCTO OHaKO eao 'lHTIlBa npea KfbHra, Koje HJ MOjID: conCTBeHHX 3afla:>KalWl H acxvcraa, xoje HJ YCMeHHX ooaaeurreaa paJVMHHX n.VllIl C KujHMa caa V OHHM 3CMJbalola 6HO V ilPVI1ITBV I{ C KojHMa caa jow y npenacna. Haaepaeao caa JIll 'lHTaOO 11eJlO nornyuo JaBPWHM (lBOM JlPVrOM KIbHrOM. Ann KaKO MH je OHO, J60r nnOJlHOCTH uarepaje, non nepoa uapacno a JlajnuHwKH je aaurap npen opllTHMa, aopao caa npeKHl{yrH; a one urro je OCTaJlO, a nrro he 6HTn caao jenaa Mana
H
TO

epencrea.

aeurraanaaaa.

npyre

I(.:lbHre

Ii
§

J. Crae,c YMeTHOCTH II "aYKC KO.ll.HJlllpayocM3KCl(IlM II MauapcKIIMJeMJt.aM3. 2. lllKOJlcyCnallOlllljH II CpeMV »oa rpvsax a KaroJlH'II(IIXH!lHpa 3. Y'lCHOCTHiIHpII Y M3uapcKHMlloCM3HCKilM 3CM)l.3Ma 4. Orauc M3Hy¢alCTypa Il MCX3HH'II(IIXeeurraaa «OJ!

Ii 12. Kaxae cc noeau

yno-rpe6Jb1lnay3CiIlIbll § 13_ Crapo CTllH.C Cnaeoxaje
H

Ii Ii
§

rpaHIl'lIlIlJrlCMaJLa. § 14. Hajcrapaja acrcpeja HJDlPCKHJr3CMaJLarro,![ rpUIiMa II PIIMJbllHIIM3 § 15. Hcropllja cpcaecra BPCMClIll § 16. HOBllIlCTOPllj<l CJl3BOIIl1je II
H.C113 noncna

<:BCCKa ea reorpa¢CKHM ,n.OnaTIlK HeH3OCTIlBHO 0 6c'l.27.cerrrcM6pal777

onHCOM

rpancea

H MeCTa, 06jaoHtiy oawapy.

sao

5. 6.

HlIllpa.
K3KOJlaCC

KOnH.IIX

§17.CJIaB(lHlljanOIlC«llrrrpoM napl1X M3uapc"lIx KpaJOCBa § 18. nOJlBJIa;ulDIlIIOM II CYJrnlH3. § 19. Ijap jlconona Bcnaxx 1l01l0BOOC.nOOabaJeMJOV § 20. Floncao]c lIacCJh3!1ajy § 21. rypc"III1.lIl1plI. vpebcuc rpajv
II>Il~OIlI) npunojcee

cneaene»

VCKpniH.eM

nO!l;CTakllcBpC.lllloh3H

*
§ § §

paAIIollBOCT. HCnOCTaT3K aaaarna]a, YMCTHIIK3 H$a6pIlK3113ra CnaBOlllljH. 7. Caonurreue 0 nOI;TojchllM MBlly$aKTVIJilM3

8.01l1lJTe06aIl(lIIJTCIbCO CT3H.y.>a1l3TCTaaY

lICyrrallllja

Cn3111lHlljll.
9.0rproBHIIII:>KIITOMIi

22.

Mauapcsoj. vIIIIUlTaoaH.C-pa36ojHllKa V'flIpwhIlBaH.CjllBHorr.rnpa

1!6cJ6c.ll.IIOCTi!.

II

10.

CTOKOM311l(JJlllbC. Cna1lOHCkarprOUllH3

CR

HCM3%<lM,HTaJll1jOM, Mauapcso« II TypcKOM. §1J.EI1J13HCYB03a1l1l3BOl3

§ 23. P3JM3-rp31bCO CT31l0UHIIUIIMaKao

rpaballllMR.II.plICaUe 24.llpllCaHHIICTane:f(H

80

81

§ 25. CraHoaHHUIt rpancea It CCJl3. §

26.

QKYJlY!:YHll1IlIo.1iIHlaMa ~:~~:KHM y rpanoaaaa II

§ 27. Kpan.cBCnOM3CTImc. § 2l:I. npa831lP;.t.:aIlHHXCTaJlClKa. §29.B.n<lJlapcKllnpI!XO)lll. § 30. Ha'lIlH ynpallJi,3H,a"

ycrpojCTooymililOreHJlIlY DojHIIM06J1acnlM3 31. Y provmciaie )!(ynauHJc IIJIH

y lJIlI

§ 32. Ypcbcnc npaaccvba § 33. nOCJlOBlIllJlllPCKII llICHOBaHIIHanOM3Cll1uaM3 II TlpHIillJIcrlljaM3 §34.CraIbCTloJlllulljc. § 35. JasH3 IIOCTpOjCH.alll (">ntiHjaH.C !:yrc. § 36. YpebclbCCYOOlCMlfC 8OjcI(C §37.50JHII'I3MUIIHJlH HaopYlK3HCraJllljcHa 1l'{ll3By

nOCE6HH

onac

CJIABOHMJE

§ 1. Oaae rne rJlaBHY pet{ eone rtonoaa, cppa",eBQH H «asvbepa, HC rpeca Ot{CKHBaru UBeTaH>eYMCTIlOCTlt It HaVKe . jla 61i y ",liMa Y3Hanpe.l10BaO, HItKOMe Hltje on ncrrpc6e na nonaaa Y 3eMJbe V KojltMa IKHBe H.Jmplt. Haje HacTYlUfJJO t{aK Hit npacsoaopje YMcmOCTit It HaVRe. Taxa npexpaaa 3CMJDY: He3Haae je oaae nonarno CBOj npecro.' BepHltWt naTltHCKC It rpsxe UpKBC je.llHaKW CV V He3HaH.Y, 6y.tJ:yhw na cy H.HXOBe .nvxOBHe CTapcIllWHC, cppaH>eBult, Kanybeplt Ii ncrtoea, It caMW acnranane. Ha npBW nornea, KpyllHa je aaaa nanrcr rpseor CBCIlITeHCTBa IlITO He aacroja na caojc 1lOT'JlHheHC 1t3Byt{e "3 He3HaH.a. lheMY 6H ce, nonvme, y OCMaHJlHjcKOM UaPCTBV MOrno H onpocraru; aJlli He y MauapcKHM aeanaaa, rne BJI!l,!1ap nOMaJKe It caa )l(CJIJ.1na ce He3HaH.e YKJIOHIt. Ho BCJIJ.IKe 'reureohe, MO)l(Jl,aH Ce6H'fl{Qcr,2 HmIpcKa neHOCT HT.Il. nnaure BJI!l,!1ItKe.Ko MaJlltM IIpcrOM 'rpetia na npotiaje ry6H xpa6pocr H He CMe Hit na novae. .Ile6co 3H,I1,.raj '

I Kan C~M 1776. roecpno y I(~PJIoBLiHMa 0 paTHHM JlOrah~jHMa y CeBCPHOj AMCpHUH, jCJl3H HHa'lC ITRMCTaIl WlaJlH~a ymrm Me, HlHcllalX:H, lap JC y AMCpHUH par, H IIll>tcby ~ojllx spancea. llpyrl! jCJl<1H 6ewc y HCJlOYMII· Ill! lIa JIll [e AMcpH~a y HCTO'lHOj IIJlII 3aITaJJ.Hoj I1H.11.11jH. Hu cpcreo caM MchYBHUlHMCSCUITCHIIUIiMallnaMCTHCHITPOCBchcHcrJl3ac. !BeoM3jeHcjacHOIl1lJlII 611 aapon, Kan611 6110 npocecnc», jnnr c-rveao cnenv ITOCJIyrnHuCTCacUITCHCTBY 1I1!!ipIiO nvcruo na ra scpvna

82

83

§ 2. Ilofipc " TeMeJ"bIITO BaCIJJ.lTaH.CMJl3.,!IC)!(H,llOHOC" aeonacaav KOP"CT KaKO UpKBH TaKO " nparaaa. Ynpaao, HCTHHlITa cpena CRaKOr soeexa 3aBl.fCH CKOPO HCKJb'{'IHBO H je.aHHo on ocpaaoaaa,a H.CrOBa paavaa " cpua, CTe'lCHa y MJ]a,llOCTH.OBe .aBC MHCJUf nOLlCTaKJIe cy ronxae 1776. anaaapa na Mcby H.nlfpHMa HCTO'lHe upsne OTSOPHOCHOBHelUICOJIC (gemeine Landesschulens H .aa CBHM rp'lKHM BJJa.IlHKaMaI-:l3pH<lHTO HaJIO)J(H na 1-13 CBe cnare y6pJaBajy, nQTnOMaiKY H vaanpehyjy vaoteae OCHOOHHXmxona HCTO OHaKO sao llITO jc eeh 6HlIO y TCMlillloapcKoM baHalY.) Y lY copxy je 1776. Y bC'!y urraanaa H Y COIiM MaoapcKHM 3CMJhaMa nonenen KaKO npUpYLfI-lUK sa YLfuWeA>e aa HlIHPCKOM If HCMa<lKOMjC:JJ.lKY, raico If Kawuxl/3uC aa HJlHPC[(OM, BJIaWKOM H HCMa<lKOM[eaaKy.4 CCM rora, rp'lKHM BJJa,nHKaMBje HarrO)!(CHO na OpeLlHO H3.,!IJHpy urxone H yxnaH.ajy rpennce KOjC ce YSYKIJ. Hajaan, casaneua jc 1776. WKOJICKa ype.a:6a, rtperneaaaa aa CHHO.a:y H nOTOM caonurreea CBaKOMBJl3.,!I1·lIllf,na jc Yll,CCHnpeMa uaPO'utruM npHJIH'K2Ma caojc errapxaje. KaTOJlH'l.ROM WKOJlCTSYBO,ll,C 6pHry eenaaox cppaH.eBUH; ann cy My norpeonc BMHKe nonpenec. Y «paeeacxo» CJl060.aHOM rpa.ay fTO)KerH nocrojana je HHa'lC OHCOKaWKOJIa KOjOj cy xao jaoHJ.l. Y'lHTeJhH crajana sa 'Ie.ny HCKOJIHKHjeav"111. Ilocne H.HXOBa naaa, yHHBCp3HTeT je accrao, na je KOHa'iHO 1776. riperaopeu Y rHMHa3lfjy, xoja je noaepeaa 6PH3H lUCCTOPHUCnaerraxaua nOJOaHHx 1-:13 Mauapcse.

urro Y THM MaHaCTHpHMa aeaa HHKaKBC rtpaee Y<leHOCTH H WTO ce ORQe He npenajv CKOPO HHK3KBe npvrc HaYKe cea TCOJIOrHjc. Mebvraa, KOLI Hnapa anax HeMa OCKY,llI1Ue Y MHOrHM JWCHH.UIfMa It nCBa'lIfM (Dichter und Meistersiinger). CBH 111l1fPlf cY Sapna H HMajy npaponaa cancao aa neCHHWTBO, rum OH naje H3paBCH, Marta H>HXOBenecae JBy'ie MeJlOllH'IHO If JlCIlO HX je CJ1ywaTH. HMa Meby H.HMa H npaaax Ha'{'IHHKa, ann OHH, xao llITO je naxc pa.JYMeTH, HMajy JB CBOjy Y'lCHOCT .I1aaaxeane CTpaHHM 3CMJbaMa If uapoaaaa. Haacumv HX OB,I.(e HCKOJlHUHHy· Jour )KIfBH KaHOHHK y 3arpe6y Basraaap MaM Kp'leJIHI'i (Kercselics) OJI Kpsaae (von Corbavia) aanacao je ycncJIe KH.Hrc.l KaJHMHp Ee,lleKOSHn H Jocm:p Py~ep bOIlIKOaxh, 060jHua 6HBWH jeavaru, 'lYBCHH cy.~ OHa) re ~beH y 3arpe6y, a oaaj y .uy6poOHIfKY. I1Me Cpevua Saxapaja OpcpenHHa, poteaa ronaae 1726. y Bvxoaapv Y CpeMY, nOCTaJlO jc n03HaTO no MHOrHM KOPHCHHM .I1emma xoja cy CRa sanacaaa aa WIHPCKOM je3WKIJ W urraanaaa y BeHeUHjH.7 H OR je jour )KWH, H HaCTaM.a na naure Klblfre. YOCTarrOM, y DaBOHHjW vomure HeMa HJIHPCKCurraxnapa]e, ana liMa HeMa'l.KHX. M.ajy 'error
~grri$ grabiac.

§ 4. CKOPO CBC MaHycpaKTYpe 0,1.(Ba)!{HOCTH npernocraH:mCCHe YMeTHOCTH H HaYKe, 6e3 ROjHX WM HeMa napenanperxa.e An" KaKO' xon Hnapa y xplfllll'laHcKHM H

§ 3. Jenaao MCCTOrne ce o6Y'laBajy MJlaLlH .a:yxOBHHUH (lCTO<lHe UpKBC jecre Y MaHacTHpHMa KaJlyhcpa. Ilirera caao
~KHPeiYAaMeIlUlOIl2.jaHyapal777,§65,crp.91.H92.TY crejn aa he cc CBaItOM MamtlJJl ypa'fYHaru MIUIOCTHElO HacrojalbC MiI.IlapeElO.

y HlBaHPCJlHy

l3.CJJYry

alto

ITO-

MorHe

4 CaCT31l>"WI'InpuPY"IIUKajclllKOJlCKH.lO!penopJaHKoBllh'OIlMIlPH_ jCtlil yTC!>tIlWBapy,jclIaH I1mtp. npllpy~III1KYcy 1l0Il3.TCTa6c.ne, liMa 211CJ1a H HOCII HaCJIOS: NOlilwendiges Handbuca fiir Sehu/Illeisier der illymcherr Ilichl /IIlirlen Trivial-Schulen in den K. K. Erblanden. I Theil, wen, 1776, y8Hcraje28Kpajttapa.llpyrll(ll)llcocTajc45 Kp.; a KaiiiUXU3I1C IIHIlIT a, jcp [c nrraanaa 0 wr31lapcny TpolllKy. KapJJOB3'!KII CHJlOIl fa jc ITOTSPIlHO.

Dalmatiae. Croatiae, Stavonice nOliliae pradiudnares. 1172. in fol. Bp.rro KOPHCIIO H Y"eIiOlleJlo. . .. Ii &.lJlCKOHHhjeJlanHcaollyxoamyKH.HryDe"allllateJ ....,errlwrllln.ll,e_ JlaY'lCllora50wKOBHhaltcyslIllIccynolIlHaJJ.a6I1xItXOIUIC.HaUOIIHo 7 Op¢eJrHIIOBC KlhHrc 30By CC Hli HCM3'IKOM: Leblm und 1"haten Pe/as I, Venedig, 1762. gu. Stavoenches Magazi,., I~,d.~ .1767. go. Cellarii Wor/erbllCh, ibid., 1776. go. Slav(mise/le Grarrrmalik. ibid .• 1776. Y pyJ<OITHCY rOTOBH: Gluubellsbekenrrlrriss der griechiscnen Kirche. ll,lULC: Von der V;rer. rrigmlS der lIIorgerrdliindisclren I",d abmdl. Kirche, IITJI., uno he VCKOPO OIlTlt 1UT3r.rn3Iio.

ze-

cy

~ Taxc cy n3'1HMa CBHJle ~0TpC6HlIl106pJI upra'm H CJIIIKapH mapa <t>ap6apcTBOCCl3.CHIlBaliaXCMHJH,6elKOJcIIHlUTaIlCB~.KYlytlUHjC, rarrallTCpHjcKH pannmm.fipvcava nparor KJMeH3 IIT!I.. MOpaJYIl06pIlUPTaTII. Eca MCX~HHKC He Mory ce np~ijHTII M3111IlJlC aa M3Hvcf:>m<Typc H tP<16pIIKC,

""

84

85

OCMaHJUfjcKIfM oojy, Hii HJIH,

3CM.lLaMa

YMCTHOCT HH

H HayKa

nesce

jow

no-

ravaaje,

HHCY jow

pobene,

TO KOJl. H.HX HC Mory

.lIJbHBOCTH 61U1o 6H

uaerara MaHYq:,aKT)'pe on aaavaja. Tpe6a npeoopaaaru Jl.yx aapona ope Hero WTO CC KO,!l H.ltX np06y.nIf apenaona If OOJLa aa pan. Ilpapozaa JlCHOCT osora uapona, aapoaaro Myuncapaua, H nenaxa aannana xoja CC «cpa nnahara pa.uHHI..l,J.:IMa, uecaenaaaae cy CMCm.e MaHY¢aKTYpaMa H q:,a6pHKaMa.
CC ,-ma'le «ao aaceno na QCHa HaIlHl-lue 3aBIICH OH uena )!(lIoonrnx HaMHpHIUJ;a. Mcl:iyntM, xaparrep Hnapa If cnefia HaCe.JLeHOCT JeM.ILC, mr xoje HeMa HOElOjJ,HO PYKY, ofiapajv OBO aaaeno. Jep KonHKO ron: na cy )!(HBOTHe HaMIIpHHUe jeBTHHe, TOJlIIKO je aannana cKYIIa;9 noWTO HnHp He pana npc Hero WTO ra rnan na TO HaTepa.11I lease na ce y Y3IfMa TaKSOM HapollY IIOllHrHY ce MaHyq:,aKTYPe?

eva

H aajnaxure Cpe.uCTBO na ce Ilpo6YllH JJ.YX paceaxaxo xan 6H CC YBeJlH paCKOW If .rryKce norpeee )!(HBOTa YMHorOCTpY'llUle. AmI on6aUlIMo TaKBa WTCTHa H pY)!(Ha cpeacrea. soja cy ropa on caeor 3J]a roje rpcoa .I1a H3J]C<lC. llo6po H n060jJ,waHO aacmrras,e neue, sao H npaaraseae CTpaHHX pannaea H YMCT" HHKa, vnobeae HOBHX MaHycpaKrypa ua pa<lyH npxcaae, MHOH

Hajfipxce xaa

61:1

ro

cy

6ojJ,a

carvpaxje

1I0MofiHa

cpeacraa,

soja

peTKO

OMa-

YMeCTO WTO cana neua pacrv y aepazv H qyB3jy CTOrpecano 61-1 aa ce 33. apeaeaa HaBHKHY aa pan H HaY<lc na npeav, '1cum.ajy SyHy, IlJIcTY, pane )l.pBeHHM HrJlaMa (klOppeln) lfT,ll. H caaa CTapHjH y'IHllH 6H CBOjy n;oKOHY .ucuy na npenv ara., xan 6H MMaJlH npanase na pan CBOjC neue npo.uajy q:,a6pHKaMa y caeo] 3CMJbH. Ii xao WTO [enaa je.l1HHH H.yjy. Ky,1I

§ 5. Oaae 0.11
JleHQCTH

IIOCTaWha

rurraae
.na

H 1I01lCTIlhH KOjH

ra

pana.
Mp3H

KaKO onnparwra Teunco naraee CBaKH

aapon xan ce
)!(HElIf

cpsaa
aojHHKa

jYHaK

y 60p6H npeTIlOpH

MO)KC CTOTHHY y HCTO TOJiHICO

IlJIallJ.ll,HBHX

HeO.UJlY'IHHx

pana

0 HapollY 6lfTlf

0.11

npapone

pan,
HHCy

KOjH

na xep apeaaax

CTJlaHau;a

noxpeuvo
TO

jvuaxa, TaKO 6H If npaaa pan XH.1hany JlCHHX D1ay6J18)!(a-

Y HC MO)!(e

IlJIO.llHHjOj KOMe

3CMlLH, )KHBOT

«ora jour
lIoTpc6HO

3apaJHJIIf

aouaua.
MchyrnM,

aajneonXO.l1HHjC a TO ce 6C3 Bcm·IlCC MyKC MO)KC JlaKO Ha6aBHTH. Kan 6H MJlane)!( 6HJIa 6ojJ,c aacrraraaarra, nocrojarra 6H aana na he HallDCJICTKY )l.OI"'iH HOEl)'! ttapaurraj H .I1a he H36elrn nopoee ceojax crapajax Ca.naWH.3 KOHIpH6YlUloHa crena naje HHKaKaB nozcrpe« aa pan. Jep KO je apeaaa, nnaha MHOro, a KO jc
H 06CCT, JlCH, MaJIO. v YEc"YcycTaHapItHaltorpeBcKYOJbItHcroyJ!ltca60HY, MlUlpHJlY, napltlyIt nOH.!IoHy.)KItBOTHc HaMHpHIIUCcyIt yEc"YJlaanyrcKyrm.cllcro y CIIHH()lIl1jH. Ouec, lIa npHMcp.jC/lHa o:pytITa roscaeac crajc 6 «pajuapa. a (1Il!lCCaM03.J::paJllapc.EeJ06lllpaIl3TO,lIaJIHlI'IapyEc"YTlpIIM3.!l11CEIi0 C3MO 17 KpaJuapa, a y Cn3BOlllljll2011o 30 xpajuapa. II jour Tl0Bpx TOrajCJIO IInllhc 10 KaJl, H3 npaaep, lIa.11.lIH'Iap 3 Jl3lla pallII y Hllllorpa.ay, na T31(0 JllpallIIllyuerryIiMalT8.IIHp,OIlJl30H'IeTHpTOr.na1l3I1ehcoTlCTIIl\lly aaanrpan, nero he 8.naHa ocrara KonKyhcIIJI01I4HPIfTH:TOjecrcse.[lOTJre .[lOI( My rpaje 3lIpabcHII T3J1Hp. HOB JlOK~J.[la BIICOK8 HRJlHHua lIaBOJlII Ill!

pacxour

je aa

caao

cne

cy

cpencraa xoja ano noavnre

aajv, ana He Mory na ra H3JlC'le y OCHOSH. Tpe6a My aarpnara a TO jc KMCTCTBO.ll Fpabaaa, cenaua, ElOjHHUlf, CSH cy oaa KMeTODH. JICHOCT je Ba3.!1a BCpHa uepaaasojaa .upyra KMCTCTB3. HCKa ce 'vaene cnotona a caojana. 06e cy npHBHnerzja paJyMHHX CTBOpeH.a. Oaasaa .nap Y'lHHHlic Cnaaoaue Dpe.llHHM H p8.!lJbHBHM, CTaIfOElHI:IIIITBO he 6p30 nopacra Ii 3CH3BOp: M.lha he rrpouserarx.

6.

I10WTO y

ce y

'1HTasoj

CrtaBoHHjIf YMCTHHUHMa,

oceha

H3BaHpe.uH8 H

HCCTaWHua

aeaarnajaea,

q:,a6pHKaHTHMa

1I.lloca.u;jeCBaKll.aOW3hHllrrywraOileuy.naMY'fYB1liyCTOI'y,TCCY OllaT3KooJtP1lCTIlJl8 xao II CTOU Y UIYMaMa II TlycntH.awa. KOll3'1l1oje y IIJIICCIIHWCJlaIlOHCKIIMlKynsHlljRwaCBCJIIII(OMW¥,-'OM.[lUWIlOJloTlICJlaCBaKO CeJlUllocr3HHcIIOTallacnrps,.aa6HJlcua eorna ocrara KOJlKyl"le 12 [llTCTH()CTKWCTCTBanOKalS()C3Mycsojoj Vertheidigul1gdererHoheiISflu:hre, welche auf de' 8"'1/ zu Wulften harren. J Blind. 73. Note A

Crpaaa

159. apvrcr

113.11.l1H>a

86

87

MaHvepaKTVP"CnIMa, TO je CBllM TP"Ma )KvnaHlljaMa sao II KOMaH.Il.vjylieM renepanv- HaJlO)KeHO na ce TPYlle II aacroje na npHBYKV CTPaHQe Y 3eM.JhV, xao II na aoaahe nvne 1I3yqe aa 3l1nape H nvabepe. )J(vnajmje aopajv CBaKe ronaae y CBOMe rJlaBHOM aaaenrrajv HaBeCTIi na Jill cy H3BpUllIJle OBY uapenov II aa xoja HaqHH. A aen ce II npannsao HeMaqKlIX aanarnaja xacenano V CJlaBoHMjH H CpeMY; II CBaKe ronaae jow IIX rronocra 1l0Jla311,AKo cy CnpeTHH, BpemHI H urrenn-aaa, M aKO ce mor enamor SlIHa He Oli<Urv mljaHCTBY, IIMajy npilllHKe na 3apalle oaae XJle6 MHOro 60Jbe 'Hero V Heaavxoj H na C BpeMeHOM CTeKHY HMaH,e; 0 qeMV cV MI;' noaaara pa3JIHqlITH CJIY'"lajeBH. Saaapa.aenocraje jour V aennxoj Mep", 360r sera MHorH OCMaHJmjcKH 3Hll.apli H3 TYPCKHXodnacra rtpenaae OBaMO H TPa)Ke I10CJIa. OHII ce 30BY UIiHuapll(Cinzars).13 OHH H3 Maxeaoas]e H'3BaHpeJl.HO eeurra ,11;apane TOII1Ie KYOKC, cy r
're

CKY MaHyq,aKTYPY~ Ila JIll lie oaaj I10lIYXBaT ycnerH, nosaaane epeae. Y Crpaaceaaav Ben ce 0,11; l.ylKe apeaeaa npoaaaozte J CBHJIeHe aapaanne II )1pyre ClITHlIue 0)1 CJIaBOHCKeCBIIJIe. Y TprOBIIWTY TIoJl.60pje, xoje .npanam .eoov Ilapvaap, HMa HeMaqKIIX cyKHapa KOjH oa rpy6e !IoMalie avae npaae TYPCKy a6y, q,JIaHe.ne H CJIlI'fHO aa nponajv Hapo.1ly. Ana KaKO HeMa cpap6apa II crpaeasa, OBa MBHYcpaKTYpa He MOlKe .1Ia uanpenvje. He)1aJIeKO OJl.aTJIe,TO jeer, y Ilaxpatrv, HaJla3HJIa cy ce y paaaja BpeMCHa !I06pe cpap6ape; ana CB.1leaure aeaa aajenae. HeJlaJIeKO on Haurana IlOJl.lIrJIIi cy HeMa'IKH q,a6pIlKaHill CTaKJla y WyMIl CTaKJIapy 011 8 JTOHaua. Panaaxa lIMa OKO 40 nvura II OHII npaec pa3JJIf'llITO CTaKJleHO nccvte H 6e.na OKHa, ana OBa He Mory na lI311plKe XJIa.n.Holiy na nyuajy. HewTO 0)1 re po6e 1I3n03If ce Beh y TYPCKy. OJl CBIIX CJIaBOHCKHXMaHYq,aKTYPa HlljelIHa Huje TaKO Ba)KHa xao cenaaxa. Jep, 3eMJLOp<Ul.HHK, .JIH 60Jbe petta ceH JbaHKa,14rrpoH3BO!lJ.l CBe, KaKO OHO llITO je nOTpe6HO na 611 ce nOKplIJIo. H3Y3eBwlI rnaa», na cenanaxa vnorpeov, 'reno, TaKO H noaahe norpeoe aa Ue.ny IIOPOllIlUY; caao upBeHY eaxorv IIJIIi Kany, KOjy Jby!lJ.l aoce aa TYP<:KH aavaa, H xoja .II.",Ja311H3 BeHeLIHje. Orvaa HHje norpefina CTPaHa po6a; Hero aa ConCTBeHlj a He aa nponajv HJHI TprOBHHlj, npaIle rpvtio II1IaT-

npoaopcea

CV HeK'OJlHKOTaKBliX ca Be.nHI<OM MajCTopMjOM Ha3HJlaJIH no CrraBOHHjH.

§ 7. Ila oaa Kpan.eeaaa ,11;e.nHMH'lHO 3aHCTB npoR3BOLI.lI OCHOBHe uarepaje II CHpoBHHe aa MHore BB)KHC MaHljepaKTYpe, B na 6H HX lleJiHMlIqHO JlaKO aorna I1poIl3BOLI.lITH,BHlUf ce sen H3 I1pBe KH,Hre OBara nena. Mezvra», CBe 1I0K Hapoll aaure BOllH ,11;aeacravje 11 caporvje YMeCTOna pana Ii nofipo n )KIlBH, 'He MO-lKe ce MHCJIlITH na 3HaqajHlIje MaHljepaKTYpe. Kaxo nenocraje apenaohe II epa6p"KaHaTa, TO ce oeae MOlKe HaOH caao MaJlO MaHvepaKTvpa. 0BO MaJIO YKpaTKO I'iV OOHcara. QlHJlapcTBO He cnana y 6poj MaHljepaKTVpa: OHO npylKa caao CHponHffV aa jenav O!I HajBaJKHHjHx MaHyq,aKrypa. I'o!IIIHe 1777. CTBOp'eHOje llpyllITBO 6e'IKHX rproaana soje C anaaapeaox noaoba xone na rtonarae y Cnaaoaa]a CBUMp-

HO, TYPCKy a6y,15 uere H Kane, HJJlIpcKe. nanvse II unrrene, «oje ce 30By onamia, lITJl. Berm nee cnpaBa H anara norpefiHIiX aa JeMJbOpB.1lH,yH saaorpanapcrao npaee caaa cenatur, KOjIl YMejy H)1a nrraae KO)KY. )KeHe 60je II1IaBOM 60jOM 6e.ne 14TewKO je CpeCTH cen.aHKY 6e3 npccmnre, KOjy OHa YOOKHOCII y33 CC,.!llIfiHMOrJlarrpccTIIH.QOKHnCrrOJLeM. 150BOCYKHolipaBIICCOnCJla!l()HCKCHTVPCKCByaCHBpnojcrpy6o. 0110 CC noJlVlllc 1Ia.JL~, aJIH IIHTH ce '1CIlUI>2HHTlIljJap6a, nero CC HOCII Ocn:o. )KeHc06J1alKyxaJbHllconaficcIITHIIMJlcrroHcc'IcHHMKOM2Il11M2ofiojclla CYKH2,KojcHaH>ynpHwlljYHHKoHa'iHllccBojeficncXaJbHIlCKaO)lacy H3BC3cHcHHUJapailc

napa,

88

89

YlUTaWDeHC jaraehe WTC qyLlO

ICOJ,mue na IiX npoLliljy;l~ a OHC cy yon-

eenrre

y 6ojCH>Y.

Cae

BYHeHC, naMy<lHC, CBHJlCHCIi

nilHCHC craapa YMcjy OHC na o6ojc LUlcflcM, 6HJbCM " copeH.CM HC.caeo neno, Hero I{ TaKO na .lIyro tpaje H .llpJKI{ cc; ana CSOJYBCUITHHYBCOMaraje, I{ HC 61{ je onane H" aa noaau. Ila KaKO cy JKCHe Caaaoaxe, TC Mopajy TCWKO na pane LlOK '10SCK CC.lUfCKPlUTCHHX PYKY, uaje HllKilKDO qyLlo aKO '10aCK «ope .I1aKynli JKCHY If za jc, Y onaocv npcea H>CHOjBCUITHHIt, nnara BItWe HJfH MaH.C; xao WTO caa pcxao Den y rrpaoj KH>HJH. Ma KOJIHKOna cy rDOJKbeM forara lllTajcpcKa II KpauCKa 6JIlt3Y Caaeona]e, TOJIItKOje y ODOj Kpaneeaaa Y Hapo.llY BeJlHlCaaecrauraua rS03L1CHeIt '1CJ1If'lHCpo6c.17 HHllITa He 611 MOrJIO 6lll1f YHOCHlfjC no JeMJl,y aero na CC OTBOpe PY.ll,HIIUH H n~.lUfrHY paJlitOHHUC rBOJKba I{ lUTaBHOHHUCICOJKe;6YllYf\ll na JC BCJJHKO06It.1bC Y H3DPCHOj rD03L1CHOjPY.Illl H ropaeoa npaery xao H Y capoaaa KOJKaMa JIHBJMIl( xaaoraaa, a ItCTO raxo Y MJICncHoj xpacroaoj KOpli H umurapcava aa urraan,e. H>C, Ha3naHHM valonia. Hrrax penlMCHTC Kynyjy npHJfH'IHO KOJKe II Llajy je aa WTaBJl,CH.CeBOjlfM JbYLlHMa y 3CMJI,Ii. § 8. CaH HnRplt nOKa3vjy BCJlliKY HaKnOHOCTaa rproaaIt V H.CMY ey aeoaa DeUITH, aJIH OIlO KOLI K.ItX nlt'IH noMaJIO aa jeapejcxo. Cnaaoaaja HMa It BPJIOnOSOJbaHnonoaca]

HC3rOLla.1x lUlOBHll6a Hln D.YHaB y UPHO MOpe, n;CJlHMJ.!'lHO J60r '1CCTHX,KpHBlfHa H OnaCHHX MCCTa na D.YHaBY, n;eJIHMH'IHO 360r zocabaaaea aa HOBau nonatunax Tvpaea, IlpnO je cnopa, HCCJ.!fypHa H TCWKa. Illraeanre, 6PO.l10BIi "llY caao HH3 LlYHaD, H He .aOJIa3e naure Hatpar; n.nOBHLl6a jour anje HH 'ICCTitTO vpebena, aa urra 6H 6HJIO norpeono MHOro BpCMCHa, MYKC H rtocna, nopea «arurrana on no.na MJ.!JIJ.lOH3popHHTH,W c Hii HC CnOMHH.yfiM na [e no UPHOM MOPY cnooonao IUIOBHTIt caso Pvcaaa. MCHlfl-IHO npaao HC BaJKJ.!HH Y CnallOHHjH HM y OCTaJIHM MauapcKHM aearsaere, lIITO jc He Mana eMCTH:.atprODIIHIt. Fnaaaa -rproBJ.!Ha avcrpajcsnx 3CMaJba BOllli CC nonvtue ca OeMaHJ1l1jcKliM uapcraoa Y KololC CV CBH rtonamuur Aycrpajcxc eosapxa]e H3jcllHa'icHli C npajarencsaa Hapo.llllMa, na lIITa aarue J.!Majy H rtpaao CJlo60llHC rproaaae kpoa TypcKY aa Ilepcejv, ca npeDOJHOM uapHHOM on; 5 npoueaara.» McllyT1tM, rnaaaa T'proBlIIla Cnaaoaa]e Hlle y HCMa'iKY H HTaJIHjy, HC Y TYPCKy. HH OCMaHJIlijcKHM nonannuaaa He nonvurra ce Y Cnaaoanja HHKaKBO npvro TprOBaH.C eCM aa jaBHlIM cajeroBHM3.21A TaKO ce nocrvna H ca JCBpejHMa, KOjH ce y '1HTaBoj
IX ~3KO Ha npaacp 1lI10BfI).I611 CMCTlIjyJlJlllhall1l II nCUI~aHHcopYlloall, ApllCheKolcccHana3IlYDOIlllIlIIO.nCHIlUCJ(ojc'IcCTOCTOICYCPCllpeKc.JIaJ(O 6116It11on01lllhH~Hoa~C·Ca.naY"lITaoojKpan.CBII'IHIIMaclICrajcllHa I!CTJXHoa'l3."ojaCTOjH KOII DaKOIla I~ rlpomno [c jclI83. .nBa.nCCCT ro.ll:"H3 KaKOjc Tvpcxo TprOBa'IKO npvlIITRO Y JIOH.nOHYYBII)lC.IIOKOPHCTKOjY 6H m:'1IJ!0 Ka)l.6H HJ6cr.ll0JIYfY nJloBIUl6y «poa CpcJJ;OlCMHO MOpe a ~a.n 61l COOJY TprOBHIIY IlpcKll IiC'I3 C3 TYPCKOMMOOIO OO.flIfTIIIlYII3BOM. Taxo jc oeo npeWlII)l(IllI06e'lKOMCJ.UlOPY .n311CUOMCTpOIlIKYYPC1lllflnOBKJt6yo)lIic'I3)lO UpHDr8 aopa. !TO.nYCJlOBOM 1Ia DBY 1lI10BIIJ)6y 06alllba 25 ronrma C3CBHM cave HCKJLY"yjyhll csc spvre TprOBUC Il Jl0611jC JlonyurrclbC.na Ha 06a:111 JlYHaBa nomose cenaznurra, Mar3JIlIlC 1ITJl. Me~yTlIY M3l1apcKH CTaJ'IClKlIHHCY BlUl.eJIli cllOjy concreesv ~~T~CT II IIlIey
lITCJlII

H.C

aa :rroDIIHY. Jep OHa ee rpaHH'IH ca TYPCKOM H Mauapcso«, HHlc LlaJICKOOLI JaLlpaHCJWr Mapa, a ea rpe crpaae OOKOJbaeajv je jaxe nJIOBHCpeke, 1I0jc, CaCTaBHBWHce, TCKY Y UPHO MOpe. MCOyrHM, aa Sponapcreo aa OBC -rpJ.! pexe liMa anoro
16 Oaal;;80 ~HO crajc C~"IO ~ 1!V"an a aa lIYro BpCweH3 He ry6K HKurra YJlcnornclIOJC llI1aDC60IC'Ko!c,arH.C~e KOlKlIllc.I106Hjajy011 K0pCfI>lI II uecna HCKIIXllHI)JI,IIX 6K1hKII, II KOla jc TJXljHa KaO IllUtIIro 17V 1l0HeKOMceny lie 1I0)l(C ce lIahll 1111 jeliMa jCJOl~a ceeapa IIJIII TCCT~pn. CeJha'IKa KO~a Y paO,HIlUII. «ao II 1I)IICCHaBpCTa ~oJla Y CpeMY, HalB<IHHX TaJL~re (ra/llko) IlCMaJYaa cOOIlIlI1 JIOTa fBO)I(ha, «ere cy OOTIJYIlO .apaclla,6c)lIjCllHOrjCIIIIHOrrB03JlCHOrCKCCpa

na

Jla4Y

1I0nytllTCILC aa OBaj KOpllCHHII BalKHH noJlYMllpa 0)1

UliMa

XI

:!II

Flpcua H XII

rJlacy

Bcorpancsor

18. ccrrrcM6pa 1739. y

'IJIaHO-

II Meb'{THM3eMYHjco.nTora 113yJeT,IlYII>CMYOCMaH.nHjcKIlOOM_ .mUII Mory CJlo60JlHOrprosaru KfX}) ~IITa~y roJlHHY.

90

91

OiaBoHHjH nOD;aHHUH )KC 3aKJIcny nOJl.aHHlUI HeMajy cy

H CpeMY .QOBcny

HHrD;C HC rpne.» H3 TyPCKC

NUl

aKO OCMaHJlHjcKH H nOJIO-

TI1.

'Iarasa

cyMa

rteae

ce

naxne

ompHJIHKe

sa

MHJ1110H. 11 61f

noponauv
T'pryjy

Y OiaBOHHjy Ii

BCpHOCTII, CJlo6o)UlO

.Il06Hjajy

npaao na xao
y

avcrpajcxa
KOjH

Oeaj MHID!OH «ope ce CBaKe romore nOHOBO .tt06HTH ru TPronHHOM, KaKO 3eMJLa aa Hel(OJII-IKO ronnua He
aa npocjasxa urran. Kaxo CJJaBOHHja
)«HOCTH, TO ce rJIaSHH ,1lHMa 3CMJLe, yrJIaBHOM

aparacnana
0,11,

H .Iq»)KC Jl.ynaHc.

OHH

jour

nopoamre

Mopajy Mopajy

ce
ce

O)f{eHHTH npso

OiaBOHHjH; H TeK

a KOjH

aeea
H3S03

HHKaKBHX

MaHycpaKlYPa y npHpo,ll,Hl1M

sa-

MYxaMclIaHWf

nOKpcTHTH,

nourro
eone
c

cacroja

npoH3SO-

nonoxe 3aK11eTBY, nocrajv Hajaaaorsja rproeaaa

TypcKoM,2J DC'ia, MaJIOM 0PCKO H KOjy H)lC

aYCTJlHjcKH KOjy

nO,ll,aHHUH. 3CM.JLe

y IKHTY

H CTOlUI

aa

KJIaH.e.

Anll

cee

avcrpajcae
3CMJbe

3CMJLC

xoje

ce

rpaaave

ca OiaBOHHjoM

HMajy

rakobe

CYSRW-

eone ztonvure ITpeKO 3CMYHa aa Bcorpaa, pacrojanv 0,11; 6 HCMa'iKHX MHJba; TO jeer
OCTaJIe HeMaliKe

C }hOM npCKO

xa

y CTOUH

11 JKH'ry.

360r

rora

I1X

aan,a

H3S03J.tTI1

y lIaJJeKC

aa 1:13Mauapcxe
aJIH CaMO

3eMlbe,

M)"iHO

H ca BeJIHKHM

1p01liKOSHMa.

113s03

IKHTa

Ilcrpoeapenaea

.110

3eMYHa,

npexo

nvra

Beorpaaa.a

roraHranajaaa
xoja
HYJIa, HMa ITJIo.ttHa IKHTOM. cHa6.ttCTH

HHCy

nocrao [e aaacaa TeK OLI 1770. ronxac. Ilpe 3H3.rrH na HM y cvceacrav JIe)«H 3eM.JLa

360r rora CPCM HeMa se.mtKe xopacra 0,11, OBC'SCOMa Ba)KHe rproeeee, xojv 6H 60JLH rproSHHCKH vroeop ca nOp1'OM Y'llIHHO

360r -rora

)«HTHa

nona

soja ueny

Hl'a.IlHjy 6H

MOJKe OMa-

ce I1Ta.lIHja, HJIH 113

«an

»erea

jour §

3Ha'iajHHjoM.

9.

Ben.

je

npsoj
nOTIIyHo

Kl-bH3H

SOHCKe

)«ynaHHjc

npaaeneao na ce 1pH CJIacacroje 0,11, n.nCMHn.KHX cnaxnnv.1(CJIOM 1pOWC Y

«a,

'iuje

rtpaxone
3CMJLaMa.

I-bHXOSH BJlaCHHI..l,H nCnHM no BpJIO yMCpcHOM

Cl"paHHM

npopawav, cvae
Y3»Ma

HOB-

ua xojc na -raj
MIiJIHOHa

Ha'iHH

q,oPHHTH.

onaaae li3 A OHO UlTO

6ap

3CMlbC H3HOCC

anaaap
jow no

ronaunse nOJIa H3 Kpaeeaaae

¢oPHHH cc y

aa ce6e, amocane roaamae

22 lcupejK :~:::;:~~B~~OBl!Hy cY CC j~o .. HaJaehH aco

Mauapcee, H3 Bepcepeje H H3 ErHIITa. Peseae, 1770. ronaae Y'lHH.CHa je npaa npo6a ca CJIaSOHCKHM )«HTOM, H I1TaJlHjaHH cy aa CBOj HOBau lIo6liJIH ,I1,o6py H jeDTHHY po6y. TaKO je aa Cnaeouajv aacrana caCBHM BOBa rproaaacea rpaaa, soja je y TOKy 6 rozaua ,I1,OHeJIa 3eMJLH H3 Hranaje HeKOJIHKO MHJIHOHa q,oPHHTH. AnH rpefia aaara na OBOra H3B03a IKI·na HCMa CBaKe ro,1lHHe, Hero caao OHJta «an y I1TaJIHjH a naposaro CHUItJIHjH
H3 EHrJICCKe )KCTBa 6HBa

csarineeana

nOJIa 4lrTa&Oj Fpxa

MH.llHOHa TypcKOj

nornvao

OMaHe.

HCKYCTBO 'lIfM

je

nocan

nOKa3a.JIO 1t3BeCHH

,I1,a TO

npoUlllpKllII

uape~KHK canojll

'tproaauc

H JepMCKa

CBaKe 3 HID! 4 rO,ll,lfHe. 11 3HaUH norrrvao noure )f(CTBe y H IIHcapH npernenajv Ma 3aKJhY'lYjy 3H ce JIHMa je 0 rpouixv 1I0 peKe -rproaaua aM6ape, H «arspa xorueae

ce nOKa)«y

npea-

.I1Ta.JIHjH, no'iHY

npeK)'llUH,
nneaana,

q,aKTOpl1 Cnaaouajv, ca KOjHnpeeoKO-

rra 06l1JIa)C

2J HaKO aYCT))lIjcKc 3eMJl.e r~ Y YpfOBHHIl ca TYPCKOM 2 MJUlHOH3 CPOPIlIfTIl roaaunse, OHa 11M IInaK,HII)C oa UJTCTC,jCp OHI! TaKO HafiaWhajy Bylly, naM\'K II npvrc CIlPO~IIHC KO)C ce npcpabyiy y JCMiIoK. l4 TYPCKy TpruBHHY npeeo Cpe~3 ac OTC}I(UBa caeo CTp3X on svre 360r «ern CC CBC 1proa3'IKC fiane MopaJY y3cMYIIY oTaap.1TI1, paCIl3KHBaTIl: JIIIMHTIl 11 CyH4aTII, nero I! lIe.i10CT3T3J( MOI;Ta aa ,uYH3BY IIlMcby HOBOra Cena y M311apcKoj II ~C1pOB3pa!ulIIa v Cpeev. 360r rora ce caa po6a xoja CCKlTYPCKCllcmaapy)cynC1pOsapa.nIlHYMOpaCMCUJTamYCK.IIaJlHUJTa II T1flCB0311T1l T1PCKO ,uYH3sa 4aMUIIM3 11 CKCJl3Ma. Coc TO vcnopaaa T1PC&O.J po6c,HapollllTOlIIMII.CeMTOra,TOcT3jcIlKosaua.a6pllryHlI.Il.TIIMBO.IIC qJalITOPIl OllCyrHII~ rproeaua. A TKMC po6a T101;KyTliloyjC

H cxnanaurra

npoaajae nneaaha, Case, rne

vroeope. 06H'iHO xvnau nc

Kvrrneaa
KynyKOM, npevaaaa y

mneaaua
nurcaxuv,

BOJIOBCKHM

roaapa a onaxnc

y JIaoy,

B03H y3 peKy H ua KOH,ItMa

KapJIOBUa

Xpaarcxoj,
no BeHeUHjy,

KOJIHMa

KapoJIHHCKOM IKHTO

uecroa aa

Ja,.a:paHCKOM JIHBOPHO,

MOpy.

O,l1,aTJIe ane HHUY

Pajexe aa Hanvn,
y ro,1lHHY,

BeHOSY,

HT,Il,. Pa'fYHaTO

H3 ronaae

92

93

.!IOHOCIt oaa] 1t3l103 KPaJhCBHHIt 'IItCTItX 1101la MItJlItOHa ¢K)pItHTIt.25 CeM rora, CBaKe ro)lllHe ll.Ile HeUlTO nWeHItUC y l{a1lMaUHjy, XpBaTCKY It HCTpY. Y OHIt)( 600 XItJW.,[laMepoBa (Matzen) «oje Mauapcsa cnaxe romrae mane BO.!lOMy IllrajepCKY, Kopvtuxv If KpaH:.CKy ItMa aaoro CJlaSOHCKC mueaaue. Ilpvra rnaaaa rpasa It3BOJa cacroja ce y )!(HBOj CTOUlt, xoja CC 6e3 npesaaa Tepa Kpo3 Mauapcsv aa HeMa'iKY. HewTO CTOKe aa xnaae aae xpoa XpBaTCKy H .llaJIMaLUliy npeso ayCTpHjcKHX npl1CTaHHWTa aa Jao.paHCKOMMOPY 33. Beeeunjv am. Kaxc ce can aa MHOrHM MauapcKI1M cnaxanvuaaa roaete «paa apenao CM<lfbyjy,2Ii TO ce H3rOH ,!Ie6eJll1X D01l0aa y CJIaooHRjH noaehaaa H3 rO.IUIHe y ro.IUIHY. § 10. Cane vopax onacarx C KaKlIltM JeMJbaMa KpaneBHHa 80DlI rproeaav H KOjOM po60M 'rprvje noaaocco. Ilovehy C8 HJB030M, «ao Hajaa)!(HHjHM; 8JIH hy H KO,!l HJB038 H xon vaoaa H30CTaDItTH CBY po6y xoja ce He nponaaoza ItJIH HC rpoura Y Kpaneaana, Hero CC npexo H.e caeo npeOOJH. 11360J Y HeMa<1K)' OH8MO O,!lJl8JH aeorracaaa KOllH'IHHa vrojenex aonoaa H CBHH>8,capoaa Ca1t1l8,HeUlT8RlhCHCJlHCI-I'fHjC, avsje, MC.o.BCbe, KYHHHC, pHCODe, ja38B'ICaC, nvxoee arn, KQ)Ke, K80 H ICo)Ke HCKItX nHTOMHX )f(JfBQTHH>8,Hapo'DITO K038,27 JiCHSH.aa6poSIt, BOcaK H MC.o.,nweHHU8, .ayBaH, YCOJhCH8MopYHa, ajsap HlIH
lS Ka.uCClKIITOHJEIOJ1lyl1uulHjy,jcAIlaMcplluanwellltuC,oolKYUCKC MCPC (nolKYHcKaMcplluajcHcurrouIIWeo.llaycrp>tjcKor aepoea) crajcy CllaOOHlljll 2 q,oPIIHTC no cpc.tlll>Oj UCIIII; a IIHa'lC HC HIIUIe Dal q,oPH!fre. rO.llllHC 1776. H OO'lCT1COM 1777. Hllje 61U1o HII noaucnx ua npo.najy, na jc MepII1l3 nueaauc craiana HClIITO eaure oa J q,oPHtrre 2f>PalllOr)llCt.laH.IIBilIbCKp1I.3jecrella6I1ccII3'IHHHIIOt.lCCTaMHoro YUOCHlljCM OB'Iapcnry; K30 IIITO caM H3nOMCHytl V ceoae Ouucy elilAeCKe iiipiOQUNe,C"rp. 3(). HOOOrlt3Jl3IbaO.a 1777. 21 CHPOBC KOlKe HJ CnaooHltje JlOIlOJC ee aa npoJl3jv y Occs . .no,> jc Cpcwy Haj6o.rba nltjaU3 aa npoJlajv cvpoeux KOlKa HOBH Ca.o. V MaUaPCKOj, npcxo O'{T3 nCTflOH3pa.IlIIHa

xaaajap, pH6JbH nenax, UlIhHBODHua, uraurapxe aa HlIW I'a/unia,l~ClIaTKH KOpeH (g/ycirrhiza) HT.!I. Y 11iilaAujy Hajrnaaaaja po6a xojv Cnaeonaja acnopvvvjc

urraaeeae

liT3JJHja-

HHMa jecre rnneaana

H ueae .apyre Bpcre aorra; 3aTHM aeurro

.o.e6e1lHXaonoea, DyB8H, vconeaa MopYHa, xaaajap HlIH ajaap, pH6JhH nenax, capoac KOJjC KO)f(e, BQCaK, uraurapee HJJ),. Y TypcICY OHO WTO ce OHaMO H3B03H cacroja ce npe caera 0)1 npOCTe paxaje OJI KOMHHe H SHHCKor T3JJOra, uusaaoaxue, CTaKlICHHX nocvna onnaaa aa I1Hl\e H nposopccax 1KHT8. OKaHa. Karsana OHaMO H seurro

Y Ma,.wpc~
OHaMO He H).l,CCKOpo HItUITa cea HCWTO noacemxor Jlyaaaa, rpabeaaceo H OrpeBHO npeo H capoaa KO)Ka. KaKO )Kynaaaja 6a'fKa, xoja lIe)KH npexo nyra Cpeea, HMa M3JJOBRaorpaaa, TO ce OHaMO npeKO .nYHaBa H3a031t CPCMCKOnHHO. A can rrpcnaaaa na ysm crpaue po6e H311pyrHX aeeana, l<{ijH HHjC OJ),SeJlHKe Dpe.llHOCTH33.TO WTO l1IlHpH jow HHcy paJMaIKCHH rta ce crvn aanoeoeaeajv ConCTBeHOM po60M. Hajaeha .aeo csora WTO je CJIaooHHjH norpecao H3 .o.pyr"" 3CMaJha .!IOlla3H H3 avcrpajcxax H '1CWKItX xpajeea V HCMa'lKOj.
Z!I OOCIUHwapKC He 1)aJl,3fipKameJlPVTIIMlt3paC.IlIIMa na xpacrceoa .IlHcry(Golliipfel). ra cea Hxra"lloooHcauycooMcOiiucyelllAet"Kc iiiploouNe,crp. 2J5. It 216. npV1"OT HJ.]la!ba ICIlCCKc. l'! Kaxo je Mauapcxa, C061IlpoM Ha3CMJLllurTC Koie.nplKeCJl3E1OHCKC nauaonenue perHMCIITC,C1paHa JCMn.a, TO CT3BJbllM OiIilC H Mauapc~y

94

95

Ye03 U3 Heuasxe
HeMa'IKa Oq>HUHpe H

Y Ol1eI'lH aanceonaeajv 3CMlbY

CaMH caojae

npoH3I1Ol1J.IMa. je

3aMHCJ1HTC

naje Cnaaounje
rpabane
Y

CYKHO

cpenner

KBaJTllTeTa

aa

«o]a
KOjy

H306HllHO

nporuaoaa cae urro

3apa3HO

norpccao
Y KOjOj

aa
HeMa

)l(HBOT,

jour

HHje

pacxour

ooecr,

rpanoaaaa,

rpy60

CYKHO

aa

BojHHKe,

MHOT06pojHor Ii

nJ1CMCTBa na cV npeMa

H KOH.aHHKe, vapenc, pallUf'f1ITl{ cpa6pH'fKY po6y on fiaxpa H UHHKa, aese HHCTpYMeHTC aa paaape, HO)!{CMaKa3C,Ma'fCae, rrvurre, aeoopabene -ronoae, 6apYT, wehep-a KaBY, eeurro anoresapcee JX>6c,6illhll H jeaaocraeaax nesoaa, 6orocnY)f(6eHe H llpyre KH>HrC, xaprajv, Haflpcn<e, raoliCba, Be,

neuraxe

paavaaaaocr
VB03

lUIWHoH MHnHOHa

jorn aenoaaara cac ctpaae po6e

H TO aKO HeMa'fKY. JCMJbe HJ(e

naposaae nopona. 113 THX pa3JIOTa roH3HOCH aeurro aamc on rtona

TOMe llYKCVJ, HC ypa"YHa

cj:>oPHHTH,

ce

rvpcea

CTOKa

aa

erne

33 WHBeH.e

H CHH'fHC

CJ.lTHHue.

]f3
IlITO yrnallHO.M ce

J1iIiaAuje

Hacvnpor TOMe, apraxrra KOjH raxo eV sa)l(HH na caaxe ronaae ,ll,OHOCe CnaBOHHjH 6ap ienaa H no MHJlHOH crpaHor HOBua. H TaKO Hlfje norpenrau pa<fYH na oaa Kpaneaasa caojoa aKTIlBHOM TPrOIlHHOM )],06Hja ronaunse 6ap 1 MHJlItOH q,oPHHTH.
CTpaHC Me5yrnM,

snaae, xoja ce H3B03C y

aa

na

)],01la3H

cy caae CIITIillUC H cacroja ce on uplleHHX KaJJOTa 33 cenace. Heurro MopcKe conpeeo Pajexe H3 Tpanaaaja H Bapnere.

onaaae

veoaa cee

na

Kpajy liVn:yhH

TOllHHe

HHje

3CM.Jba

naurra
H

60rarnja

aero
nney paB-

na

no'lCTKY.

MHI'lKHX HOTC)I(H

HMaH.a, llo6maK

KGjH

na ananapcsa onnaae "]BaH Kpaneaana

H

naaana
3CMJbC,

npaxoaa

o.np)l(anajy

H ry6HTaK. V·

§ 12. Y
TpHjeKH Ma KaKO

'fmaBoj

orrrauajv
lIYKare 1I0Bau V

je

jeIDIHo

avcKOHey jellIIH

noeau, xonv
IIH

H3Y3CBWH 3n:aTII!"l

XOJlall.QCKC

H HeMa'fKH

Caaeoaaja repajv

na je vaoa rvpcse po6c onacax :mOT je arta«, npanaxao TpoWH; H TO BJlaWKY 11

KYTC, MaKC-

BeHuHjcKH HaKH;

HOBau.

cpcopau
311a1)'.

nomvao

.ll:a ,Ka)!{CM 0,11,

na 1000
Y

CPOPHHTH

cpetipv

HHCV

,ll,OHCKY IlYHY,

ompxnaxe 40 XHJ1,a,o;a CIlHH.a

xac
H KO)l(Y, 3a"lHHe,

rol1J.lWHoe, naMYK, ml1.

soie ce
aeurro

ropa
rVll.D.eH HCtO

60JbH jc

1000

33 HeM3'fKV, KaBY,

TIl0)!{5e,3U

(nrro

HCTO a

oaaaxaaa
rVll.D.CH

Llapcxa HJJH CC cxpaneaanoa

0,11,

aVCTpHjeKH

FI)
Tpowa

BPCllH

aonoaa,

ropeeo, npeo aa Cpea

KOJlHKO

H pajHcKH

HJIH. KOMa.Q 0.11:jtne TpChHHe

(Zweydritte/-Sliick).
on

011 ce
AvcrpHjcKH H

cacroja Saaapcxa.

20

UaPCKHX

H.JXH HeTO

60 «pajuapa.
H

TaJDIP

BpellH

cj:>opHHTe,

KOllHKO rllaBHH

caKeOHCKH

apraxan
.IlHIUl.3'f,

KOjHM

jecre
upBeHa

co; If

OCTaJJO He 3Ha'!"

upaa
YB03

Mauapcea caaoaeaa OBY «aero, aa npaaep 'roeajcxo noephe H l1pyre caraaue.

pa3YMJhHBO

3CMJby
BHHO,

§
ManH

11.

crpaae JX>6caopa
'fHjH CTaHOBIUlUH CBe

y JeM.JL"

6KTH Bp110 caoje norpeoe na 'faK H

avcrpajcea Trump, HH ryll.D.CHH,JI 0)], no 20 «pajuapa, KOjH HJI.Y no 17 xpajuapa .ll:p)l(e ce V CJIallOHHjH aa Haj60JbH 'rajso ec npeHoce y Tvpcxv, JaTO WTO Oceaanaje
0)],

Hnax ee He BHt.!a HH aJDI vronaso aaure KOMa,Il,a 3 V jenHY CPOPHtrry. KOMaIDI

HOBau KVjy "

on

.lOliocaHcKorBO;«bejcllO~UlcnowcanHCT3jccaMo50:p0pKHrnIJO UCHTII, ITa fa aero y CnaBOlutjH BHWC Y3HMajy nero urtajepcso

II Oll J141. JlO 1173, !laKJIC 33 32 rOJIHHe, )fCKOBaHOje V aycrpHjc~)fM KOBlIlluawa UeJlHXHIJOIJOJIaKTMHpaRJIHryJJ.!l.CHaHajBHUle33I07MWlHOH3 $>PHHTII; anll CBIl cy OHH nCJlHMH'IIlO H rnjllO IJPCHCCCIlHy TyPCKY. rnc '1CCTouHp~l'nHwy.

96

97

l-bHX

caoje najacrepe

HJlH

rpoure on jenae

dopaure,

cena»

no

xpejuapa.

3.JIaTHH aoaau cacroja ce on souverains d'or H V IIYKaTHMa. OHM apene 12 $lPHHTH 40 «pajuapa. Jeasa nOJIOBItHa apeaa 6 CPOPHHHf, 20 xpajuapa. lIVKaTa MMa TpM epcre: xpexHM<JKIfon 4 cpopaare 18 «pajuapa, UaPCKM on 4 cpopaare 16 xpajuapa, H XOJlaH,llCKIf on 4 CPOPIfHTC14 «pajnapa.» On o6e npac apcre rtocroje He caao .nBOCTPYKH, Hero H WCCTOCTpVKH llYK3TH, mjH Dpe)l.e weer nyra TOJlHKO. HaKo je H3803 coer avcrpajcaor HODua aafipauen noll. npcmoa KOHCpHcKaWlje, l-InaR ce epno esoro npeHOCH V TVPCKV. ITareHTOM on 18. anpana 1777. ll.03DOJheHje nonvme aa CTanHO H3803 CBltX BpcTa 3JIaTHOr aonua, ami je aa TYPCKV OCTaDaafipasseu; na ce He 5H IIYKaru vncrpcfinaaana aa nnahaH.C ry6HTRa on 2 MHJlMOHa CPOPHHrn ROjH avcrpajcse 3CMJhC tpne caaxe fOllHHC V -rproDHHI:I C TVPCKOM. 3a nnanaae ODOr rprosaacxor 6HJIaHCa cJIY)Ke aYCTpMjcKIf TaJmpH, KOjH ce KVjy V Iicqy. KaKO je Hon<JapcTBo V OCMaHJIHjcKoj uapeaaxa noeepeHO Jeepejaaa, JlaKO je 3aMHCJIHTI{ KaKO sernena rvpctca HO· aau Orva je OH 6e3 HlY3CTKa H V DIaooHHjH xao H V CBI1M ll.PyfllM 3CMJhaMa avcrpajceor ll.OMa nOTnyHO H30HKaH H ]3noll. npernoa KOHcpHCKaIJ.Hje.H PYCKC py6n.e cv 0)1. ronHHe 1770. aa JJJY macv, JaTO urro HM je 0)1. 1758. caaaeaa YHYTPawH>a CaJ.l.p)f(HHa.

Spaaes

§ 13. Hnapaja UJIU XUJlHpHja, KOD PHMCKHX rmcaua l/lyricum HJlH Hillyricum, a H Illyris IiJIH Illyria, otivxearana je V CBOMecrapoa crauv a 3amM non )f(C3JlOM Anexcaanpa BeJlHKOr He aaure 0,11HCTO<JHC ooane Janpaacxor H.IlIi Xanpaaacsor MOpa, soja Jle)f(H IIpeKO nyra Hrartaje, nopen KfXPa (Corcyra, Co1u) H .apyno: raxounsax ocrpea, npeMa TOMC,
32 HallMC0.0. OOBlHllCH.lIcecr anaraor noaua, UITOCellCCRJlO CllHICTOM on I. Maja 177!. On 'rora l , aaja 32 XKJI.al\ellYKaTa ~HHC T3'IHO 33 XHJhSnC nYKaTa.

MaJlH nee naxaunse An6aHHje 110 peKC lIpHHC, «ac II '{liTany lIeJlMauliY UJm Ilanvauajv, ca jCAHIiM D.CJlOM OOCHCa XpaarCKC, xao H J1H6ypHHjV H Jarm.II.1:ljy, H HCTO<JHHKOMan HCTpe, rj. oaaj nee naaaunee XpllaTCKC KOjH CC rpaHH<JU JalIpaHCKHM MOpeM na )10 PCKC Apcnjc (Arsia) V Xucrpaja IiJiH Hcrp«. Hapo)111 KOjH cV )!(llOCJlM Y TOj crapo] npaaoj Hm1pl1jl1 611J1H CV DaKJIC llaJIMaTH, J1H6ypHH, Janana, Hcrpa Ii CKOP)UlCUH (Scordisci) y nanauneoj Bocna H Xpaarcso] D.Y)(( HCTO'JHC rpaHHUC jlanaauaje. 4liM cy nOKOpHJlH l1.rmpHjy, WHpH.llIi cy PHMJhaHH CBOjy enact CBC aaure V YHlf-rpaw!-bOCT 3eMJhC npeMa HCTOKV H OHO WTO cy OCDOjUJlHnpanajana cy HlmpHjH, xoja ce TaKO BpCMCHOM ncaebaaaaa. Taxo cy joj aen Y 1 cronenv npUna1I8J1H '1HTaBa Xpearcxa, OOCHa H Cnaaoaaja. Cpaavepao WHpeH>Y pHMCKe otinac'ra WHpl'IJIa CCH Hnapaja, D.06HjajyhH npeaa HCTOKY,jyrV II aananv HOBC rpaHHue. Y IV cronchv nOJ1eJh~aa jc oaa y JaIJa.aHY H HCTO'IHy ltiJmpHjy. ITpBOj cy npananann Ilamraneja, varaaa ITaHoHHja H HOpHryM (Nordreich); a npvroj CKOPO'1HTaBa Ipvxa, rta '1aK if ocrpno KplIT, sao H '1HTaBa Ilaeaja 11 Memja. AnH xana cy y CJlClIchHM CTOJlCI'iHM8 pHMCKe npoeauuaje npCnJlaBlIJIH CapMaTH, 1I01Ipa3YMCBao ce noll. nCJlIiKOM H.nHpHjOM case nojac KOjH nenca H3MCby Jaapancsor H Llpaor aopa, «ao H H3MCby TpH perc, Jlpaee, Ilvnaea Ii Scodrus-e H rpa-eor fipna Haemus-e. HOpHryM, ITaHoHHja Ii Fpqxa HIiCY joj eaure 113KJlC"pHnaD.MH. Focnonapa ITaHoHHje OCTanH cy aanocne'rsv Mauapu; MH HC naaaunee Cnaeoaaje, xojv CV Ben pannje 3aIJOCCJlIi Cp6H H XpBaTH (Serbier und Croaieni. 360r rora CC y CPC)lI-bCMeesv jelIliHo Cnaeouaja pa-rvaana y YlJJHPHjy, a OCTaT8K ITaHoHHje enure HHjC. Ilaaac ce HMC HnHplija HC vnorpefinaea enure y xaauenapajaaa: a YHCKOJlHKO je Ii HCOll.peDcHO. 061i<J1l0 ce noll. !-bHM palYMen8 lIanMaulIja, Xpearcxa, Bocaa. CnaBOHHja Ii Cpoaja: CDe case JlCIlC 3eMJhC, rtoneiseae HlMeby AY(''TpHjc, BCHcIlHje H OTOMaHCKCIloprc. A OBa IJOCJlelI!-bavrpafiana je i-bCJHH Haj60Jhu KOMalI.

98

99

§ 14. Craapao H npaeo nopexno HJUfpa ry6H ce V TaM" CTapHHe: npDH noverax tbHXOBe apacaae naaa y npacxoaopjc OHHX apeaeua 0 xojaxa no Hac HHCY crarae novaaaae DeCTH, Y nOl.JCTKYcy ce 60PHJUI Meby C060M; 3aTHM npotne MHorHX CTpaHHX sapona a aajaaure nporuB Fpxa, PHMJl>3.Ha, Fora, XVHa It Capeara, npoTHB 5 Hapo.u:a acnpajarenceax ItM BItWe CBItX OCTa1lHx. lllapeae IIJHICTH 1I.!IXOBe 3aBltCMJI0 je 0)1. nocena HM M rtopaaa, a 33KOHIt It 06Ml.JajM 0.0: pastiopa M aepaaoopa H.MXOBHXKHe)KeBa, sao WTO je 6H8a1l0 M jow Saua KO.o:CBHX Hapo.o:a aa 3CMJhM. 11:acy <i>eHHl.JaHH,TH caena MOPCfIllOBQM crapora CBeTa, HaCeJIlI1I1t lln:HPHjy jase HO WTO cy TO npexo «onaa yqMHlIJlM UeJITH HJlM KeJITIl, jecre, J60r I-hHXOBe jaue TprOBMHe y Ja.o:paHCKOMaopv H mor HaBHKe 11Mna aa CBMM 06a.J1aMa MOpeKMM 110 KOjMX CV CTM3a.J1H6pollOlUlMa ocaaaajv K01l0HMje, yrOJltfKO BCpoBaTHMje WTO je Kansrvc, cpeHH<tKM npMHQ TMpCKH, xora cy AprHBJLaHH ca cynpyrOM My XapMoHHjOM nporepana H3 Beora]e, oraurac y H1IMPHjy H OHllC CTBOPHO,up)KaBY, y6p30 UBeTHY H Hanpe.!I.HY.13 11:P)KHce na 0.0: aeroaor npaana J.1JJl.IpHjyca 110TH'le ,naHaWH>C MMe. TOKOM apeaeaa, lln:HpH, ,{HjM xpaeeaa CTOJIOBaxy y CoJltfHY (Sa/ona), TOJlHKO ojasaure YCJlCll Spoaapeaa H rycapeH.a, na cy Maxenoaajv HaTepaJIH na HM nnaha ,aaHaK,lot ,nOI< oanm, OTaQ Anexcannpa Benasora, anje MJlMPCKy )l.p)KaBY y HCley pyKy nOBe330 C MaKe,uOHCKOMH npanojno MaKCJlOHHjH rp'IKy I11mpHjy KJlH An6aHHjy, Anescaaaap Benaxa n06erao je y CBOjOj npaoj enaeocra C MajKoM cSOjOM OJlHMllHjOM 33 Camli dll Fr€sne. Do",;n; dl/ Cange, lIIyriCII'" "eIIlS e/ 110""111. CJp § 3. II et 13. pag. 5 ct 7,. Jymrrep, Kpan. y Kpmy. OIlBCO HJ Tepa jc np!IHUCJY EBpOny, y 6POllY KOJH6HJlOlia ce aeao 6cJJH 80, fiHJlo naK na jc Ha HoeMy 611J!a CJ!HK3 6cJror 61m8. KallMYC xrenc na noccra C90jy cecrpv EOJXlIlY: y rOIlIIHII CBCT~2;;53 KJlCHCOH HJ Tupn c <.j:JllOT()M, rrenocncrxv aJ!1I cnosc y bcoTlljy, rile JC carpanao rpun KMMC-Y HlllI Tc6y H OCHOBilOnpII. ""1 lot Ibidem.
§

Y JrtJUlPHjy H OHllC narpa)KHO aaurrarv,» l{HM ce Ancscaaaap y TOKy BpeMCHa nonce aa npecro caora vaopenor oua, pa3BH ce y l-heMY paTHH'iKH ,ayX. TIpBH nojHH noxon KOjlf jc OR npenvaeo 6HO jc VnpaBJhCH nporaa Hnapa, xoje je y jenxoj 6HTUH nocenao H 3aTHM nornvao ncrsnaao rton csojv BlIaCT. Ta ocnajaua 6exy npaeuua aeroaax noceaa. Y CBOjMM nepClfjCKI1M nOXO)l.HMa aeao je Axescannap yJa ce vaoro HJlHPCKHX paTHI'IKa, KOjll cy J50r csoje rtpexancae xpaopocra 6HJIM Y BCJlHKOj '{aCTH. Ho IlOCJle CMprH Anexcaaapoee l1.nHpH nOHOBO J6auHwe rp'lKIl japax, nOCJIe '{era cV OCBOjHJlH AJI6aHlljy, Enap 11 MHora TaMOWH:.a ocrpaa If CllOjHJlII HX ca I1mtpHjoM. Kaso cy ce on crapaac 6aUllJlH yrJIaBHOM na rycapeae, novena cy can na cBOjllM rvcapcxaa 6poJlOBHMa xpcrepe Kpo3 OHaMOWH:.e BOlle a na, na WTeTY PH.\lCKC TprODHHe, vrpccsaaajv MOpe aa CBe crpaae. Paan.aae, KOjH cy 6H1I11 nOKOptfJlH CKOpO ,{HTany I1Tanajv, TO nanocnerxv Ilan.yrn H aaaene aa ca llimplfjoM 33noaeav paT, xoja ce captuao TaKO na IfM je tfJIHpeKa xpanaua Teyra 6H1Ia npHMopaHa nnanara JlaHaK.J6 He llyro 3aTHM 1l0WJI0 je no HOBor paTa, KOjH je PHMCKII aojcxoeoba L Anicius Gallus BOJIHOTaKO cpebao na je y 1106a CJI060nHe Peny6J1HKe, roaane 597. no OCHHOal-bY PHMa, y TOry 30 rtana OCBOjHO 'ltfTaoy 11:aJIMaUHjy ca rJlaBHHM rpaaoa Detmium-cn: HJlII De/minium-cns H BeJlHKH nee KpaJbenHHe rtpereopao y npoeaatmiv pl1MCKOr ceaara H uapona.v OCTaTaK I1J1Hpa aanpxcao je nonvure jour ceHKY caoje crape CJI05011e; arm cy I1OCTcneHO cea OHH craancua non aro, rta je Tan H varaea 3CMJh3.Y'lHas KpaJbQ:>IIJ!HnoTcjJ<10jccoojyeyrrpyryOJIHMnHjyl6orHcocpcTEI.aH OlKCHHOcc !lpyrOM jC.EI,HOM npHHuc30M. MmUIII AnCKC3Hl13P HC lITC lI3 6yJlc KOnHI1c.HT3Kocel6orwr31131LyrHD,ajeraj)f(CCTOKHMJ!a.ll.HhH311aHO'ICIla OCH'I31ba.nooerao ca orcpeao» O,1HMnHjoM. J6lbiJ. § 28. p. Hl et II. Parobopua Tevra H3 eUCCTpaHcjeOMeT3J13 HYJI1CMHpaEanapHMcKynJlOBH,niiy JJ lb. § 33. p. 12. BojCK06{)b<l l. Anicius onpxao jc y PHMy lpHjYM¢> aa «oac cv lI06ebeHH 1I1!lIpcKH Kpan. Gent/lis H eeruea )KeIl3, acne H Spar HUlJlH9C3aIlHHenpcIlTpHiYMo;panHHXKOJ!a

20. pag. Set seq.

100

101

lbCHa PMMCKOMnpoDMHWtjOM.)~ VCKOPO JaTltM je

Teutobochus

(de}" Teuten Bock, TCBTOHCKM Japan), raj lIMBOBCKM KpaJb UMM5pa If TCBToHa MJlH Heaaua, M3BCO crpauiaa vnan y J1JIMPCKy IlpomUIUMjy H icon Hnpeje aanao PMM.lbaHMMa y.!J.apan y )1(HDau. K31l. je y6MjCH JYJIMje UC3ap, atiauauie I1nMPM 110 IlCTM IIyr PHMCKY BJlaCT, csnoname caBC3 ca CDOjMMcvcellHMa Y HeMa'lKoj, IlaHoHHjM M Fpvxoj M ycnOCT3DMmc 1l0HODO CBOjy cpvureav .!J.p)!(aBY. "4.MTaBMM PMMOM 3aBJI31l.a 350r rora crpax. Llap ABryCT aaao je TOJIMKO cpene na 1l0CJIe jenaor xpnaaor para, y KOM cy PMM.lhaHM nperpnena HeKOJlMKO TcmKMX nopaaa, !lOHODO nama aa nocnvumocr I1nIfPMjy, IlaHoHwjy M OCTMe n061fH,CHC aean,e, y3 noeott Tatiepsja, caora aacnemraxa, H Fepeaaaxa.» CoJIMH, TOM npHJIMKOM onvcroureaa npecroaana npacaae, nOHOBOjc narpaeea uaerao xao pMMCKa KOJlOHMja Martie Julia. H npo-

Hapona KOjlf CV non PHMCKHM )!(e3JIOM uacenaaaaa CnaBOHHjy 3SaJIM cy ce Amantini, Segestani, Jasi411 H Colopiani. HajOllJIHqHHjH rp31l.0BH, paqyHajyhH C HCTOKa aa aanan, 6exy: Syrmium, rJlaSHH rpan Hnapaje, Rinium, Acumincum, Justiniana prima, Budalia, Cornacum, Cuccium, Mursia, Jasora H IIp. Caaaoaa]a H Cpee HOCHJlH cy Y TO n:06a HMC Pannonia Savia HJlI{ Valeria, HJlH interamnis, 3aTO WTO ce 06JlaCT -ra HaJla3H Meny TpMMa pesaua. Ho caecea HJlH aanepajaacea Ilaacaaja 6HJ1a je HCllITO seba on .naHaWH.C Cnaaoaaje, 3aTO UlTO je OHOj rrpnnanao If KOMalI naaaume Xpaarcxe. A call ce aopaso OCBplfYTH H aa v)!(ac rrvcroureua KOjH je OBOj UBCTHOj otcracra sao BHXOP HaHeJJa npoaana aapaapcxax aapona, qHMe je 3ayneK VqHH.CH «paj PHMCKOj CJlaBH H BeJIHqH§ 15. CKOPO CBH CapMaTH (Sannatae HJlH Sauromatae) HanycTHJ1H cV jour npe xpaumancxor pawaaaa BpeMeH3 Komm.n:y, CBOjy npBo6HTHy nocTOj6HHY V Aaajn aa 06aJIaMa Ilpaor aopa, H npelllJIH y EBPOny, rne CV nOCJIe rora 1I06HJ1H HMe BeHJJ;H, CnaBeHlI,41 (Slaven), CnaBHHH (Slawinier), (Vinidi, Venedi, Slavi, Slavini). Haaecaa MHO)!(HHa on lb!1X HaCeJIHJ1a cc V I cronehv H3Menv KapnaTcKHx nnaaana, .1lVHaBa H Tace V 3eMJbH Jaaara, H PHMJbaHM cV C OpV)!(jCM Y pyUH MOPaJIH cv36HjaTH H.HXOBe paacojaasxe vnaxe v-Ilaaoaajv.c Jenao fJ1aBHO nneae capMaTcKo, xoje je 0)1,cTapHHc HOCHJ10 HMe Cp6H43 (Serbier), npelllJlo je eeh Ilpe XpHcTOBa poteea H3 .A3Hje npaBo V Many H Benaxv IlOJhCKY H cane
411'raseo je .D.o.QYlUe.11.3 V Amantilli II Segesralli yrJla~IIOM CClleJlII V. C Xpearcxoj, 110 IMIXOIla 06J13CT npe.rra3H.lla [c II V CJlaBOHIIJV. Hapon Jasl acaeeo ]e Ha06I1M06aJIaMa Llpaoo 41 Hajcraplljll CTaHOBHIIUII Jlaeoaaje aeh CV HOCIIJlIIIIMC CrraijCHII 42 non BJlalUlBHHOMnapa Tefcpaja npoapna cy y n3HOHIIJY Capvanr H orrvcrounosr je OTIb(lM II M3'1eM.LloKje KaJlltryJla 5110 J31lJlCTell y par c HCMUIIMa, yna.FIl1 CV CapM3TII IlO llPyrn rrvr Y naHOHIIJY H CTp3!l1HO [e OIlYCTO!llHJlH. 4) Kon ctapax acropauapa IIMajy Cp6H pa31lH'IlfTa HMeH3. OfH1 ce JOBY Serpuli. Serblii. Serpylli. Syrbli HTII. no COOJ npunaua HMC 1l0TH'IC on rpaaaSerblillyCapMaTHjH

Hosea un Tor apeaena, 036H.lhHa fipara PMMCKMXuapeaa fiana je na y Hnapaja OllP)!(C pen If MHP, YBCllY YMeTHOCT H HayKy, 3CM.lhY Y'H1He aanpennna a aapon vnvae, If na yonurre OHTOMlfjHM 06w'lajHMa nonpaae rpv6y aapaa Hnapa. Xanpajaa je 360r Tara oraurao y Hnapajv, a AfITOHHH Il06o)!(HH 1l.0)!(HBeO je oHlle OpBC KJIHUe YMeTHOCTH H HaYKe. ,uHOKJlCuHjaH, KOjH je potea y llmllUJcjH y HJlHPHjH H nOKa3Heao uapo-nnv .lhy6aB opeMa CBOMe 3aBH'Iajv, oneeo je OHaMO axore PHMJbaHe, KojHMa je jaae HaCeJlHO 3eM.lbV a noaaocoo o6a.ny, OCHOBao HOBe rpancee, a crape IlpOmHpHO M YKpaCHO JIeOWM rpareeaaexa. 11 3aHCTa, KaKO CV aanpeznm 6HJUl CJ1aBOHHja H Cpea non OKpHJhCM pnacxor opna, 0 TOMe He CBenove cave CTapH HCTOPlf'IaPH, aero H MHorM npCOCTaJlH cnoMeHlfQH, pvurenaae H KOMan:H paCKOWHHX rpateeaaa H .II.HBHHX rpanoaa. CpCM je If PHMCKOMe uapcruv nac HeKOJlHfCO uapcaa. 3~ Ih.
J~

§ 35 lb. § 50. P

12e11J. 1l1.§let2.p.17

102

103

ce HaCCJlHJlO.Kan cy Cp6HMa H,HXOBa MeCTa y nOJLCKOj noCTMa recna, zotiap 6poj fhHX one y HeMa'lKY, trn:jH cy HCTO'lHH )lCO, naures sapoaa H CTaHOBHHKa,Cp61t nocena H aace.JJHJIIt,~OHIt Cp6H KOjH cy CTaHOBaJlHV 6PLlCKOM spajv Eojepcxe (Bojer-Land) una L1aHaWH.C lfeWKC H Mopaacxe, aa3BaHH cvHorvau (Hrbafi), Cnorvau HJlH Cnrovati. -rj. opbaHH, OLI vera je CKoeaHO HMe XpBaTH (Croalen). Capxarn, KOjH CV CC HaCCJll.1Jl1t HJMeby LJ;VHaBa,Tace It ICapnaTCKHX6pll.a H aa p8JJ1HKy OLICp6a 3B8J1HCC ICOll PHMlLaaa Sarmat~e limigantes, nocrajaxv cee jaxa, MHoro6pojHHjH H CBCOllaHH]H ITJI,a'lKH. Osa cy CBaKe rOLIHHC vnaaaea PHMlL8HHMa y 3eMlbV, llITO je HaBeJlO u:apa Ilaoxneuajana na H3MCl:ly I{YHaBa H Tace, V VrJlV KOjH TSOpe OBC nee pese na CSOMC vwhy, nOLIHrHC jaK H jow O'fYB3H 6ellCM, KaKO 6H nOXOLIHMa capMaTCKHM HCTypHO 06pY"'.4.1 BH.llCSWH OHH 'raaa L1a V IlaHOHHjH H i.fJJHPHjH He MOry na ocaoje MCCTa33 ce, aenaaa HX uanvcra y VII cronehv oae xpajeae H rtpebe npeKO KapnaTCKHX 1lJI8HHHa V nOJLCry It HCMa'lKv.-16 Mebyt'HM, OHH cy ce pa3HWlIH ~a Cp6HMa H Xpaaraaa, CDOjOMfipahou, KOjH CV' «ao W!O ]e cnoaeavro, L1aSHO rtpc 'rora nocena nO.JLCKV, lIInC3HJV, ~opaBcKV, 1.fClIIKY, JIV:>KHUV, Majcea H .npvre HCMa'iKe xpajeae, TC cy npeaa TOMC MHCnltJlH na HMajy amue npaaa OLI ODHX npanouuana. Pa3J(OP [e nxao ~ nOCJIcJlIDlV
014 noxollH HeMa"K~x lllnallllJY! A¢pH"Y. ramllY HC)[a~O~06: aapona Y !"aHOHlljy,D.aKlljy, MC3Hjy, HTaillljy, II liPHTllIIHJV l(IIJlII cV nOJLCKHM Cp6I1Ma MeCTa V jc

caao TO na cy y VII cronebv epno MHOrU ep6H It Xpaara aarrvcraaa caoje crape Hace06HHC V ITOJbCKOj H vleuncoj. OHIt cy npexo 3eMJbe Jaaara OrnWJIH ua D.VHaS. rp'lKIt Uap Xepaxnaie, KOMC CV V TO BpeMC 6H11H norpecaa CaBe.:lHHUH npcraa aeroaax nenpajareaa It KOjU je V3eO V CJIV)I(6V je.IUfY 'Iel)' (eine Horde) TvpaKa,47 npHMlIO je non BOjHlt'lKV nnatv It Cp6c H Xpeare, Ho, Mit ce MopaMo npBO oner BpaTHTIf y IV cronehe. Kaa je aanamo uapcrao no-reno ,IIa ce 6JlH)I(It rrponacra, ,IICnOM3aTO WTO je 611no HCYBltllIC BCJIHKO,lleJlOM 360r DCOMa phase BJH1,rr;aBHHC pa;mltl.JltTltX u;apeBa, a ,lICnOM H 1'13llPVrHX Y3poKa, nOCTMO je OHO ca CBIiX crpaea, a npe caera V Hm+ paja, npell,MCT xpa6pux eanana P,8T06oPHHX, cvposax It nome MaJlO n03HaTHX aepoza, H KOHa'IHO CC xpajea V croaena nOTnyHO paaopuno It nponMO. AKo ce H3V3MV XVHH, Capeera H ABaPH~ CKOPOCDIt OCTaJIH aaponn 61-i1IHCV OOpeKJIOM HCMa'IKH. ITpnH cv npollp.!lH V i.fJJHPUjV BaH,ll8JIH HJUf Baruena (Vandal;). OHH cV KpajeM III croneha V3eJ1U PltMJI,aHItMa je,naH KOM8,I:(l1rrHPHjC, ope caera ITaHoHltjv, Kan cv V IV Bery ItWJIH y raJlHjv, voann cy y i.fJJHpUjy rCT", I'emua 1f1lH rOTH,4~ xao H Cvcaa IfnH lIIBa6e. TUBa6e CV y6p30 noracuvaa 47 YroHPCMC npBII rrvt ce caaaanc aa Tvpee. OHHCv611!1HTarapot II )!(I!BeJIIICY HJMeJly UpHor H KacllHjeKorMopa 4l< KaKO CapMaTH rRKO cV II XyHlI H AMpH .nouurn III Alllje: caac urro cv ABaP"OH.ne HOCHJfH HMC reyrcIIII. 4~ rCTII, renll,llll, rom rpu cy IIMCHa jCllHOf HCTOf 118POU, rojll jc 6110 jCJlIIo U"KO IlJICMC. Go/hi idem, qui Daci, IIHwe TaUIIT. HajCTaplljc 1111 je CC1{IIillfC 611!10 V Capaarcsoj II!III nOi&CKoj, V nOIlllO)!(jy Kapna'ta. O.n1!II,IIC eVOTIIIDJlII aa ncnvocrpeo KpllM » craaoeaxv jour npe xpmuhlllicKor pawliaKoa epcacaa 1111116aJfIl"'a E)'KCIIHCKOf aanaaa. Kaajc OBlIJllljC nponraa Y TOMOC, IIRV"lIoje lbllXOBjClHK II nacao neCMC 1i3 TOTCKOM. HaflOCJfCTKYcy IIX 1I0TIICHVJfll XY"II, TC 01111 Y IV BCKY 1I000WC yl ny"an, vnajrome y IiJJlIlPlljy a O.n1!rJlC Y I1r3Jllljy, raJlHjv II llIn8HHjv, 16(1r vera CC jYJl(1I3 o:ppallUYCKa 06aJla nvro aeana Gorhia. Jopll8l1ncc,rOTcKIi ncropaaap soj Hie nllcaoCPCJtHIiOMVI BCKK,HC33CJlYJl(yjcHIIKaKoBcpevnornellYCToapH KOjC cVcc.nccll!le700rOJtHHanpclbCfOBaBpeMclla.OHnplI'la,Y3cMcWIICOKOJlaccra, KaKOCY rUTH npcuufIITo6oJl(e IIJCK811JtHH3BHjCII urscscsc, Y'lallUIIM3 116poJlOBIIM8, npcxe IiaJrrIl'lKOfMopa.

~~j~;lfIHC;:~~::J:eM:r~~~Oj~~':W::fa~~

D:HOl<JleUH).all lit ~ MCCTO C Oll~ crpaae D.VH8sa (pa'i\fll8jVl'm on n8110Hllje) IIToVK~aJYKOlHJenpHpoJllloJMaco6ccrpaHCraWTIITCnnenei1I1Kcpe)(e, CeMTOfa,nBC peso c,("acr8saM3 Dalila 6pallll!lll lIaopY?Kalm PIIMCKII6po.nOB~. CaM uraaau, KOJII IlC)'KII MauaplI30DY l'OlIwlI Trojan;. npvxa ce Oil D:YllaBa npcaa ceBCp<lIlCTOKY, nvr jc 13.0IXI pajllcKII~ xeam, 3 umpor II 2 crorta. Japax HCIlPCIl 6CllCMII TaKO)C (lnJfllhao.na IIHje

Jly6JL"

Ull HCKOJlIIKO

Jlcca ~~~:.x

4tI KMcVTIICapMllruTan.alloIllllHY (Leche~) II .~CCII (T5Cllechen),

soje

I.ICfL1Ky,.nOOIl!lIl cV HCIlP8a IIMC Cp611 II XP8aTH HIIKaJI. III1CV HOCIIII CHII IiJJfIlPIl CraJJIIO JOBY

(die Bohmen)

II CM jow

DaDO"ulI

104

105

fOTH, KOjH eV ODpJl(anH HJU1pHjy H non eBOjHM TeO.l1epHXOM HJllI TeYlJ;ep"XOM nocraaa rocnonapa H I1TaJIMje. Ana rpeoa 1I06po lIMaTlI Y BHAY na ey fOTH neanvr ynaJIH H3 Hnapajc V ylTaJIlIjV: npBH nyT OKO ro.II.HHe 407, Ka..!Ije enanao Arcadius H Honorius;SlI npvra nyr romute 490, «an je aa HCTO'lHOM UaPCKOM l1'OHY ceneo Zeno isauricus» MebyrnM, Fora HIIcy lJ..Yro OCTaJIH V MHpHOM nccenv HmfPCKJ.lX aexana, xoje cy nO'IeTKOM V BCKa BehHM DCJlOMnory6HJlH H MOpa.m!.HX yerymrrn XVHIIMa. OBH XVHH, KOjH ey ee y Bapona non xpanea Aranoa CHJlHO patuapana, V HajCTapHjHM cy ee BpeMeHIIMa, .nOK cy jour 6HJlH npBM cvcena KHHC3a, HaJHBaJIH XHOHr-HY. 3a BpeMe enaze rpsxor uapa Teonccaja II, HJIH OKO cpezane V aexa, ATHJIa je crpaumo onVCTOlliHO 'IHTaBV Hnapajv. noBPX rora, MHorH Xepvna H PVrH, nperpneaura nopaa V 6op6H npomB Jlaarooapaa, nOKVWaJlH cV na ce HaCTaHe V I1nHPHjH. OnWTa noxerne CC jow noaenaaa «an cy Fora H RapoIlH KOjH 6exy V PHMCKOj paruoj CJIVJl(6H npeTpneJlH IlOpa3 on Bvrapa; nOCJIe vera cy Bvrapa OCBOjHJIHlJ;aHaWfI,V Caaaoaaiv CKOPO Y Hero BpcMC vnann CV V naHOHHjV Jlaurofiapna M npoTepanH M3 ae rrpeocrane [OTC, KOjH oranoure y nanMauHjv. AnaHlI, KHanH 1I XaTlI (die Alanen, Quaden und Chaten) noaarana cV raxobe na ce Hnapaja onvcroura. Kan je Fl. Anitius lustinianus rozaae 527. cryrrno aa HCTO'lHM npeero, caaaaaa OH rtpeocrane rOTC H nOHOBO npanojn I1nHPHjV uapcrev: ana caao aa xparxo apeue. Jep XyHH cV MV nOHOBO OTeJlH itfJIHPHjV, KOjy cy, HCTO sao H. fp'fKy, 113TCMen:.a onvcroumna. Illraaaure, caa uap JVCTHHlljaH MOpao HM je rmanara naaax. Ilocne rora OOHOoo uaaboure Capaara; oua npebv npexo lI,YHaBa. ynaLIHY V J1JrnpHjV H aa

CBe CTpaHC aaxaae crpaxoemv rryCTOW. Cncnehe ronnxe no»oeena je Ilanxauaja CJlH'IHO nvcroureae 0)1, ctpaae Jlanrofiapna. MCf)YTHM cy Aeapc HJlH. Fevreae, a3wjcKH aapoa cpenMHOM V BCKa TYPUM nporepana H3 fl,HXOBHX Hace06HHa y A3MOHM H36erHY neJIOM y KHHY, .neJlOMV EBPOny no Ilvaaea, 3aV3CWC rOllWHe 568. Ilaaoaajv, KOjy cy HanyerliJlH Jlaero6ap.II.H, na ronaae 598. npoApy ca Capaaraaa, BCpHMMCaojHM nparaouaea, y CnaBOHHjy, nocne vera HM je uap Mavpauajc aopac YCl1fnwTM rpaa CHpMWjYM. Ee3 063Mpa na TO, ABapw HHCV rtportvurrana na ca Capsaraaa 1I I'enannaa CBaKe ro,Iume nOJIa3e y noxon H nnavxajv J1Jrnplljy. Heros aacneaHMK coxa HHjC eorac crtpe-orra Aaape na He npennaae '1HTaDY I1JIHPHjV.S2 CHe ncrne je naaauraa Hnapaja jour '{BeK 6MJla nee uapcraa, HaKO cna60cr uapeaa HHjC nonvurrana na je WTIlTe on vnaaa MHorHX eapeapcxax napona, KOjH cy aejnemue rpaneue rtpernopana y pne «aeeaa a 3eMJI.Yy lllfBJhYnvcnu-v. Kaso cV Cp61f H XpBaTH ((OjH cV, xao llITO je rope pC'-IeHO, 1t3 nOJbCKe, lllncaa]e H -leunce 1l0llIJIH aa Ilvaan, noopc noCJlYIKHJlIf uapy Xepaemjv npOTItS rtnaxxatua Aeapa H lIPVrHX nenpajaren,a, nOKJlOHH MM OR : :M1PHjV H ycrynH HM caa caoja npaaa xa re 3eMJI.e; rj. norrvcra TOMe 60p6CHOM w paTo6oPHOM Hapo11Y 11a npeee npexo Jlvaaaa, nporepa Aaape 1i3 HJIHPHjC H Memje, H aa ce6e ocaoja cTaHosHHK3 JlHWCHY 3CMJbV·To ce 3aHCTa H )l,eClIJIO V 640. romxa. Cp61f H XpeaTit, KojMMa cy ce npHKJhy'-lll.lIH H MHorH 3aOCTanM CapMaTH, HaCCJIMllIC H3HOBa onyereJlV H onvcrourcsv aeanv. Hanocnerxv npennaaaure OHM H nporvrame 'IHTasy HJIHPHjy M ropfl,y Me3ltjy, rj. Cnaaouajv, Cp6HjV, EneHY, XPBaTCKY H llanMaUHjv, xao H nee Bvrapcse H A1l6aHJ.lje. On HJIHpMje OCTane caeo HMe, 6YllyhM na CV ce crapa I1nHpM anseurana

ja.

50 OBII rOTII lIUlpJKawe Hajla.ll sac IIJICH~pan.cHHHY UimulHjy II II{}6HlIIC Itldc3anillllHl rOTII. ,1 XCPYJlHII Pym (Hemler IIIld Rugier) HJ MCKJleH6ypra II IloaepaHHjecyr04llHC476, nOllcllCljHM Kpan.cM OJIJIKCPOM (OdQacer) V'fHHHlIH Kpaj PIDICKOM uapcrav. 11J1I1PCKIt ront nobv OHaIllO. npcruajv Xcpvne. re cy Ha3MHII I1CT(l~HHM rOTItMa.

5~ nOll M~YPHUltjCM HJIHPHJYY npaBy nycrHlt>y

It

XepaKJIHjeM

npcrecpuna

cy

AsapH

~HTaBy

106

107

ca

npaaounmuaaa,
sao

KOJC CV cnaCHOUC,

nocne
H

TOJUfKI{X

npcrpnneaax

He-

D.O'fC IbHXOBJ.l BCJIHKH nO,!l.BW3I1 H OnaCHH cV OCKY,!lCBaJIW, !tCTO OHaKO xao HI1 MH.

paTOBW, CBaKaKO

HH-

BOJha rJIC.nanH HapO.Il. ca

cronxure

CC C H:.HMa V jC.Il<lH

Mana HCH3McwaHH OCTaTaK Hnapa ,[pIKH CC jotu vnCK ceojoa crapoa cno6o.II.oM, jC3HKOM, OllCnaH:.CM, 06H'fajHMa
aa
a.n6aHCKHM fUIaHHHaMa, a KOjC CC O.Il CTapIlHC

§ 16.
"CTOpJ.l]W, MHorHM HO.

CaJJ;

npactvrtaa

pacnpaneanv

HOBOj

cnaaonceoj jacnc
II

xoja ce
WTaMnaHHM

MO)ICC llaTH llCJJHMa

H JaKOHHMa

JOBV UcpaVHHC

(Zeraunis)
6cxy

cana Monte negro.

II Xpn3TH cV ,!IBC rJlaBHC rpaHc OCTaTUH MOnHUX

vronaxo xpahc onacaaa onumpao, nearonaa

a WTO

VKOJIHKO

je V ra«-

Y Capaara

Ila

Ii Y OBOM HC 6H 3aOCTaJla OHO WTO

TO

apCMC

Cp6H

ItJJH CnOBeHa,

sojaxa
H V ruM

CICOPO CBUX

cnoaeavmx

ce npHKJhY'UfJIH xpajeamra aeeana

HaBeCTH

je aajaaavajunjc

rrpaaaaaa, aopaa ce cacroja V CJ1CllC-

ha IV aenaxa

norabaja:
HJlHPCKHX JCMan.a ca Kpan.CBWHOM

aepona. 00000 cy OCSOjHJIH 3CMJl,V, npH3HaaaJIH CV OHW jow zvro BPXOBHY BJIaCT rp'fKWX uapeaa, CBOjHX JalllTIITHHsa H noxpoaaren.a, KOjH cV aM CJlaJIH cneurreaxee W ooparaJlH HX ua XpHWnaHCTBO. Oa CBHX CJIOBCHCKHX aapona tlHjC,!IaH
.IlOCTa CC HHjC JeMJhV HHjV. HCTaKao xoja Cp6H CC can TOnIlKO !CaO Xpaare. XpBaTCKV, bOCHOM OHH CV V3C.lIH OHV .lICJIW aa llaJIMauHjv H H CnaBO-

ICKOM

cnajane

Mauap-

xpajca XI BCKa; II - nponapaae aexana V XVI III - nOHOBHO

nap

OCMaHa

V XV

nCKV I{ H.HXOBO OCBOjCIhC

OBIiX

BCI-..'Y; OCBOjCH:.e Kpaneaaae W nOHoaHO BCKV; H Y"HIhCHe npoMCHC V nocaaauiH:.e3HHO CnaBOHHje, KOjC je Ma-

Paruxo«, nonenalUi: aa Socaaue (Bosnier) H Pauraue (Rassier oder Rascier), on vera je HajJa.ll Ha'fHH:.eHO Paua (Raizen). On Cp6a je Fopea MC3Hja .II,06H11a HMC Cepanja ItJJH raauaje Cp6Hja (Servien oder richtiger Serbien), H jyIKHII nee OBC Kpa.n.CBJoIHC 30DC ce jour a Pauja (Raschiah), a CTaHOBHliUH PaLm.53 Kaxo XpBaTIICV ce .lIBCMa pesaaa, Ma TaKO H Cp6I1Ma xpaseaa H MOnaH xpaj RJIananH cV V 11nHPJ.ljJ.l H:.J.lXOBH conCTBCHH OHJ.l cy nOCTaJlH Hanpe,!laH J.l KHC)KCBH aapon, ItJUI 6aHoBH.

H3Beo

Jleonona,
KPYHOM

cjC,!l,J.fH.CH>C ca

UaPCKOM IV IhCM _

V HaWCM

HOBO vpeteae )CMJhC.

vcrpojcrsv IlpBW

xpaeeea
cue OCBOjltJJH

CJlOBeHCKC 1p1l IIp)lCaBC

KpaH

oovxearana

tv

non

MMC-

HOM VII jy,

XpBaTCKa eexa

KOjC cV

Xpeara

nonoaaaox

H nOHOBO

HX HaCCJlliJ1H, Cnc.ucnw cy cy

TO jCCT .llaJIMaUH-

XpBaTCKV

W Cnaeoaajv. Cnaaosaje, 'fWHC caeo non

CC Ha3J.lBaJIJ.l «paneCDC 1pW )laJIMauwja HHWTa OCHM

.II.OK ce

HC nojaaaure

TypUH

H HC V'IHHHWC

BWMa 'erraae .II.p)KaOC, KOjC

'fMMC

ce paavveaane je

H.J.lXOBOj cnaea KaKO cTapH

II BCJlII'IHHH. TaKO cV J.l CJlOnCHCKH aapona !COjH uamr 1l0TOM-

jCD.HV.

Hanocnersv
npanaaano

11nIlPJ.l, cnOMCHyrO, HJlHPCKC

cV'

xao

U1T0 je nOCeJJH

rOJlHHC 3CMJhC !t

640.
OTCJIH

H3ry6n.eHa,

a TaJJ;a XpBaTCKoj

uaje

ca lIonywTCH.CM HX Asapaxa, «on

Caaaoaa]e. §
CTyrTHO rosa Mwpa 17. jc

peBHM

HCCTaWHUC CTBa. BC'fHH

CBOjWX HCTopH'fapa 3a60paB H xpa6pe rtoxonao jvuaxe,

H3rv6HJIH je y

CJlaBV

Jlanacnaa
ua npecro

I,

J.lJIH

Ceera,
1077.

OCMJ.l Kpan. a anaaao je lIO

aauapcxa,

H:.HXOBC BCJlWKC .n:yXOBC, KOjHMa OHH, sao urro CBC-

roIDIHC 6HJJa jc

1096.

Hse-

CJlaBHC n.VllC

cecrpa

Jlena

V.II,aTa aa Cnazoxapa XpBJTCKe

HJJH 300HWH CnaBOHHjc, "JIH

llHMWTpwja,

xpaaa

naJIMaUHje, nacaua nocne 30BC n.erose

53 HJlHPH rspne 113[c Pallia Ol1.lla JlCCnOTOBHHaKOjOj cy npartaaanc XPBlITCKU, Cnanoaaja. EocHa H Cp6Hja. D:aHac HMC PaUH (Rllizell oiler Raazen) 03Ha~aBa KO.QHJlltpa caeo OHCMcby II>HMa KOjHCY DCpHIiUH IiCTO~IiC upKBe. npHmUlHl1lUt :lallawTC 30Dy CC TTpoCTO H.ITR)lH

KOjJ.l cc

KO.u JlaTHHCKWX Kaa je

Saromirus
CMp1""

Zuonimiapa-

res
rsaua

Demetrius.
npevaeaa

06y,!!,oaena

anaav,

J],OIllJlO je J],O HCCJIOrC McbV

BeJJWKalllW-

108

109

Ma Kpan.eBIlHe; MO)!(,1I.a 3aTO llITO je Winiche, aemsaur xoja je 6IlO O)f(el-beH npIlHue30M vapnor «paisa, aaxreeao KPYHY aa ce6e. lleJIOM aa MOJI6y spanaue vnoae, ,1I.eJIOM 003MB Beaa JIHKaWa npeaae, npebe span Jl<mHCJIaB roaaac 1078. ca MHOrotipojao« BOjCKOM Ilpaav, xoja ,1I.eJIHMauapcsv 0,11.Xpnareke. OH HHje naaurao aa omop M aanoceo je ue.rry 3eMJbY 110 Jaapaacxor Mapa. TpHHaeCT rOlUIHa OOCJIe Tora, TO jeer roliMBe 1091, ybe peaeaa «pae no lIpyrH rryr y llanMaUHjy, OCBOjll aeee npaaopcxe rpanoae» H nocraaa caoje aehase aa nauexpaneee aan 'uiTaBOM spaneaaaoa XpBaTcKoM, CraeoHHjOM II Ilanaanajox, KOjy je cnOMeHYI'e 1091. rozaae npHOOjHO aauapcxoj KpyHH. Ila 6H My nas re TpH aeane OCTane BepHe H .1Ia He noaav aeaapa, OH CBUM CTaHOBHHUliMa Mal,lapcKO rpateacrao, U He caao TO, Hero H CBe cJI060.ue II npaaa xoja cy YIKHnaJIH aauapcxa craneaca. ITa je TaKO OCTaJIO H ,11.0 naaauraer nasa. Cnaaoaa]a nuje y TO .I.I06a 'fHHHJIa nccecav Kpan,eBHHY, Hero je 6HJIa nee Xpearcxe, cae lIO Bpeaeaa J1YlIBHra II."

ronaae 1202. aaraav Cposjv caojoj IIp)KaSH. Mebvraa, y XIII H XIV BeKY HManlI cy Mauapa aaoro na ce aoce ca ClI06o.uHOM .n:p)!(aIlOM MJleTU,HMa, xoja HM je cvnporao CBHM yrOBOpMMa Ii MJ.lPOSHlIM 3aKJby<fUliMa '1eTliplI nvra OmMaJIa L1.aJIMaUlIjy H I1cTpY. KOJlOMaH, neaera KpaJb Mal,lapcKH, ocaojao je TV spaeeaaav Sen 1105. ronnne. Ila HaKO cy MJIeTlllI MlipoM 0,11 1358. MOPaJIlI 'IlITaBY Hcrpv H llaJIMaUlIjy Bpanrrn aanapcsoe Kpan.y JIY,IlBlIry I, Hnai<' ey MJIeTUU crena V XV BeKY -re aejane no nera rryr,50 na aajaeha 1-b1IXOB nee H 3a)1PIKaJlH; cae )];OICce HHey nojaaann Tvpna II BeI'iIlM .n:eJIOMMJIe'1l1l'ilIMa IUleH npeon:JllI.
§ 18. OCMaHH J.lJUI O'lMaHH (die Osmanen eder Otschxoje MIl H3 aeaaaaa Ha3HBaMO TYPID:lMa, npeuura cy IIpBH rryr II3 Aanje y Baponv rO,lUlHC 1355, non Mvparoa lI1IH AMypaTOM (Morad oder Amurat), H CoJIHMaHOM, otioja.

.ua

manneni,

OCHM rora, CJIe.l.l6eHHUHJ13.1U:1CJIaBa aeror OPOWHPHJIH C cy CBOjy MaCT H aa HCTOK HaJJ:lICTO"lHOM HJIMPlIjOM cee 110 Llpaor- Mopa, II npasopana cy na nnahan,e naaxa He caao Bvrapcsv, Hero H Cp6l1jy, bOCHy, Bn:aWKY na 'IaK H MOJI)];aBHjy.3eMJba Paaa HJIH PaWKa (Raschiah) ocvxaaraea je 'raaa jy)!(HlI zeo npacaee Cp6a. 11 Ka)I je Ypow (Urosius), KPan, Cpdaje, vnao roaaae 1128. caojv npaaneav JeJIeHY aa Be.rry II, jenauaecror xpana Mauapcxe, nao joj je PaMY y MHpa3. I1Mpe (Emerich), cenaxnaecra span, aauapcxa, npanojao je
j4rp'lKIlQapeBHII0'leJlIlCY3aBHAlbHBKMOKOMrJlellaTHHanOpaCT Ma.uapcKeKpaJhCBK~c. o 1l18CCIlOM n MHlIIJhCr.,y,3&.Jr rora je sao uap AIlCKClljC O.ll.CTYIIHO ceoje nparo na Jl<IJIM3THllCKe rrpnaopcxc rpaaoee xcpueaava MJJCT3'IKHM. H1BeCIIOjCT<;JJKKO!l3jC wpucr Vila/is vaterius 5HO npBKKojll jCHM30LlaJlMaUIlJYycBlljOjTIlryJllt ss JcpjcJIYJlBIlTlI,KojlljefoJllllle 1516_cryIlHoH3M3uapcRltnpeCTo Il nOrKHYO 1526. y MOXa'lKoj.5IITull, 61lo rrpBIi «auapcxa xpan, KOjK jc Crra8(lHIl)YHocHoYKpaJhCOCI<OjT!rryJlH

UOM npHH"ICBlIMa CYJITaHa Opxaaa, II HanaJIH cy C He4VBeHOM Cpel10M ca CBHX crpaaa He caao I1CTo'lHO uaPCTBO, Hero H lI1IllpclCe npoaaann]e nonnoacae Mauapcxoj. Oml cy 6HJIH HanHK aa eJ.lJIHY pelCY Ka)I ce 1I3JlHBa, KOjOj ce HHWTa naje MOrJIO cynpoTCTaBHTH.·1J Oa roaaae 1421. 1-b1IXOnace MOn y nOCHlI II Cp6l1jll WlIpliJIa caasor naaa. OCTOja (Ostoyas), KPaJb Boese, soja je sao H caa cpaJbeBII H KHe)KeBlI H1m Saaoea Hnapnje 6HO Ba3aJ1Mal,lapcKOr «paea, crajao je y .1l.oc.rryxy ca OCMaHHMa H orraxtuao liM je
5~ 360r TC uesepaocre CHIl cy MJlC'laHH jCnHKM !lplKaBIlKM 3aKOHOM aavaex HCKJh)"lCHH IlJMBU3pcKOfllH1I.HrCHBTB 111111 rpabaacsor npaea. )J()cMBHHCYYCBIlM!lCJJOBHM3CDc-ranOKopHilllnpeKo3()pa3H11x Hapo.ua;npH'lCMYCYCC8al!lBJlplKllJIKUmaIlCKO-BMcpII'IKorOCHOBHOTrrpa· aana za ananajvhv KyhyllcTpe6e nomvauc, a CTaHOHHHKCenoa aarepajv n llace06peJKy,llcJlOM}laHXJlHWccBIIX rpabaacxnx cnccona. OHIlCYYHHIlITH!lHnaraHCTBUM npOIllHpHJlIIMyxaMCJ]aHcKype.nIlfHjycjCJII{[)fKpBjBCBlrrB Ha!lpyrKMHoro6p)l(CHOUITOccrrpolIlflpltJla xpHlIIi,aHCK3; HocopylKjeJlt y pYUIl, OTfbeMII MB'lCM;B He KBO nrro ]e xpmuhancxa pcJlHTHja HanOCJlCTKY nOCJJCTJlKCTarOmtHano6e.QIIJlanaraHCTBOnpcBBCXOJlllOlIIhYCBOraMopaJJHOf )"lCa.a,lt3HCHBbyjyhoMHcnoKOJIefi.n.KBOlIlhYHCKOJlHKOMKJJHOH3M)"lCHIIKBK .npyrHM uarnpapomne CTBapHMa

110

III

npHllHKy na ce yrnp.nc y EocHH. Ilocne aeroae CMpm ronaae 1425, nouenaae cy ce OHIt CKOPO 'orraae 3eMJDe. ITOTOM ro.nHHe 1428. Hana.nHY ua Cpcajv, xojv je Mvpar II, norpeumo Ha3BaH Aavpar, onvcrouiao cnenehe 1429. ronane, a 1442. onceo Beorpaz, ana ra je CyJ6HO XyHKUl.H Jaaour (Johann Hunyad). Benaxa nooena "ojy je Mvpar II H3SOjCBaO ronaae 1444. Ha;J, Mauapaaa xon Bapne, oraopana je I-bCMY H aeroBHM CJIe.l16CHltUHMa nyr aa ocaojeae HJlHIX"HX 3CMa.Jha.Here TC 1444. ro.nHHC MOpMH cy MYMauapa oncrvnarn Bvrapcxv, H3 KOjC je OH y6p30 lantM nOHOBO ynao y Cp6Hjy. Heron HacnCDH"K MaxMYJl II ocaojao jc 1463. lI,eJIy WCHY. Ho xpa6pH KpaJh Maruja 15~ OAY3CO My je Bocav nOHOBO. Taj Moxaaen, Ta'lHHjc MCXMe.n II HJIH MeXMY.n II (Mohammed, Mehemmed /I, Mahmud ll), C Ha!UlMKOM BeJplKH, HajcpehHHjH je ocaajav Y HOBOMCepeaeav. Jcp OH jc nOKopHO 12 .np:lKana H npeKO 200 rpanoaa, MC~Y H.HMa H Ilaparpaa, KOjH je non ueroev anacr nocneo 29. Maja 1453. ronaae. qHTaBO I1cro.mo UaJlCTBO nocrano je nnea MCXMC.nOB. qHM je ocsojcsa npeeroHHlI,a, OICpeHY OcMaHH '1HTaBY CBOjy CHJlY nporaa H1IHpcKHX aeaaaa, 'IHjH cy spaneea H KHe:lKCBH HJlH 6aHoBH, noWTO cy ce MaJlO HMaJlH YJ,!laTH Y laurnrry aauapCKY, OCChaJIH CBOjy cnatocr H, MHCJlcliH aa he ce o.llp)!(aTH, <tHHHJl" HCO.ll.rOBopHY .ll.plKaBHY rrorpeunrv, na HeTO sao WTO cy 'lHHIDIH H rpaxa uapeaa, .il:ajy caoje npHHUcJe cYJITaHHMa aa a eue; <tHMC cy cYJITaHHMa D.aBaJlH npIDIHKy na H3MHCJIC npaao sa aacnebe HJlH npe CHJlOM.ll.O~y no eera, H y6p3<lBaJlH CBOjy conCTBCHY nponacr. fO)l,HHC 1456. oncerra cy DeMaHH Beorpaa no .IlpyrH nvr; MH HX je oner 0.l16HO XYlbaJl.H JaHOW. Y HCTO apeae nacrojane cy .Ila noxope OCl'8.TaK Antianuje H nporuana cy 5~ Torn Marnjy KOpUIIIIR, caaa ~pa6por XYJM.IIHJ311om3, IIPlI(30 jc uap $plUlplIX III zvru aaro-eua y 5cqy II npary a J458. fa 113TaMIIIIUC narac lIa KpaMBCKII npccro. 011 jc npc,lJQlO V )eMILY napa $PHJlJlHxa, II ccaojnc je J485.I>e~, na urraDlllUclI ueny Aycrplljyl 112

rO.llHHC 1465. Ceenaepbera 1470. vrepn»

cpvaaora

(Seal1dl!rbeg):I~3aTlfM «vura na nponpe H y Cnanoaajv, y Fonane

rtvr.nponpna

EiopBa KaCTpMoTa, 06H'IHO seanor BCJlliKH Mvxaaen II noKOjy CBpXy MCTC ro,nI1HC

rpaHI1'1HO MCCTOWa6au (Sabael). 1471. )!(aJlOCHO jc BpeMC xan cy OC~!aHI1 npBH y C.rJaBOHMjy, onycTOIIIHJlM je on-heM M Ma<tCM

no

3arpe6a y XpnaTCKOj, a' CTIlHOBHHKC O,!l,BYKJli'1 ponCTBO Y 6C3 pa3JIHKC CTaJlClKa, crapocra 11 nona. Cnenene ronaac aaHlllJlM cy oner 11 noxapaJlli HC caao Cnaeouajv Hero 11 Hcrpv H <I>pHaYJl. HaMIlMJhCHH nnassoa, nojaeana cy CC Hl.llHHC 1473. oner M npCTBOpHJlI1 CJIaBOHHjy M XpB8TCKy'y l1yCTHl-by, IIITaBHWe, nponpna cy 6C3 crrtopa y lllrajepcsv, Kpancsv H KOPYIIIKY, KOjy cy nomvao nopo6HJIH. Hero cy )l(aJlOCHO 110HODHJlHrOID1HC 1475. H 1476, TC He OCTaDIfWC y Cnaaouuja xaaeaa aa KaMeHY. Kpan, Maraja I aacrojao je na 3aWTMTH rpaaaue Mauapcxe, H cnpeMao ce rO!l:HHC 1479. H 1481. aa nOHODO npo-rcpa Ocaaae IE H1IHpcKHX JeMa.n.a. Ho KaKO ra je y TOM cnpeaaaao xpan, $PJ.UlPMX III, aabc OH aa ,no6po na 'i484. 3aKlbY'-lH npasorpje ca cYJITaHoM EajaraTOM II,I,c1ana ra oeaj npeKpIIIH If nOHODO onYCTOIIIH He CaM?

noaopaje

Cnasoanjv H XPBaTCKY, Hero M KpaI-bCKy.~1 McbyrHM ynaaHy Mauap» 1494. y Cp6Hjy H Ha'lMHC TYPuHMa BeJlHKY WTCTy. AnH ODM I1peKo Cane If Ilpaue npebv y Mauapcxv, TC je .110 Flerav-a (Pertall) y Illrajepckoj ctpaurao onvcroure. rO,UHHC 1502. JlaTHIIIe CC OHM erter opvwja, OTCWC Jajuc (Jaicza),
j~ 60pbc KaCTpJ1(lT. MaJlH jCll.<1H KHC3 Y AJlfi~HHjH. 60pHO CC C~ IlJ~~OM jyHaK~ 4HT3HHx20rol1HliaJacI1060,uylt HcpycoojcManCleMJhC"H'lrlocl1cwy ce Mo~nc Y"JlO.IIHTH npcn T1/jlCKOM ltaJ~II"'hlt II 1426. ro H rice l106chll y I1TallIlJY.YMpo)C OHlle2 rO!!llllC iI\\UIIII)C y CHpuM~UIT8y 610 Y ItIlC1"p'{MCHTYKojlljcoTOMcCa'lllIl£IIY'1l1l1l1ojenp;J(aSHIICCJ<PC-

Tap rpcruev
CTpaHC

sa cc

aabopaen

IlcnycTI1

ceej

nco B.!IawKcKOjllJlC)I(lICOHC

"I J1aJ1Hc.nau VI !IOHCO 1492.Jlp)l(aHHH jc ~aK()1f 1l~'CC SaHaT,CnanOI!Hj~, XPH3TCK3 lliJlM<lu"ja, I::aOIf JaIllJIICllIIII'lK3 acc-ra y CpcMy, 6corpa,uy II
H06ml)l(IbHMJlp'..KaBaMaMoryTTOBCpa!l;lTI!CaMopobeHIIM

nJJaIlHIIC

MauapHMa.

113

maSHM rpan EOcHe H VnaD,OWe OllCT V Mauapcsv. neme nOPaJ M nOMODOM3ry6Hllle Jajue.

Ho

rtperp-

JIVHBMr II aacrojac je na npM6aSM Kpan.eSHffif »ape, na CKJlOnl:! ca 'fl{BCHIfM n06c.oHOL{CM If aaxouonaanea CYJIcjMaHOM (Soliman) I"2 TtXlrOD,IiWH.e npaaapje, II KIlD, jc OHO MCTeKJlO, 3aY3Me CYJIcjMaH 1521. Beorpan, OpSIf 6eJlCM Mauapcse, H MHore lI,pyrc rapbaae, nOTOM 1522. OCBOjli "urrasy Eioeil:ytoJ H 1524. '1lITasy CIlasoHHjy; ana 6y.nc nO'fY'lcH no HOry. Cynejaan ee y6p30 apara ea ncl'iOM CIfJIOM, TC Ka,II. 1526. caanana rplf vrapbeaa accra, CIlaHKaMcH, Iterpoeapanaa H I1JIOK, vnaaae nOHOSO y Mauapcxv H O)UlCCCY aaeeaeao] 1526. ro.!IHHM KOn Moxava nornvav o06c.uy, '1lijc ey nOCJIClUIUC6HJIC TC na je OCSOjHO aeore rpanoee y Mauapcxoj, vnao yAycrp).ljy Ii 1529. npcnvaeo oncanv Ee'la."'" Kpan, ¢eplUlHaHn I, HaCJIC.n.H).IK Jlvnaera II, xoja je lloruHYO y cnoxeavroj 61fflJ.H, HaCTa1l1tnozvrue paT, aJUI C TaKO JlOWOM cpenoa na je npeaa MltpV on 1526. eopao npenvcrara cYJITaHY CyJIejMaHY He caao 3HaTaH nee 3CMJhCy Mauapcxoj ).I Kpa.!hCSItHC Cp6ujy, EOCHY, Cnaeoaajv, XpBaTCKY II jCHaH zeo llaJlMaUlfjc, Hero ce «opao If 06asC3aTIl na nnaha rolUtWH>H .naHaK 011 30.000 nvsara.e Ilee ronxue «acaaje '{Mpe ¢CpnHHaH.ll. I. Oaaax nocnc -rora aananse CyJTTaH CyJIcjMaH, noepcnaeum npaaapje, aeroeora uacnenmea MaKcHMHJIHjaHa I (Mcby uapeaaaa II)f>fi O6ojHua nH'IHO aantoure aa fojao non.e BO.nCnHcsaKH
. ~2 ~HorH ra fiamoajy CYJlCjM8HOM II; 8J11l 1l0rpc:WIIIl. Jep npHIIU CyJlCJ.M811J(oJII)e 1355.C8CBOJIlM6paTOM MypaTOM npo.ilpllllJAJlljey EBpoTly HIlJC nocrao cvsrraa; rrpeea ruac He MO)J(CCCHIl H8JIlllllTil CyJlejM8H I. fil fi?cHY cy OcMaHIl TP" nvra ocoajaJIll: -ro jccr 1463, 1489.HJ(Oll3'l1l0 1522, KaJlJY je vseo CyJlCjW311, KOjlljy je fI aaapxao. 601 Ha wecry rsc jc crajao CyJlejw3110Q 'lilllOp npen lic'lOM carpebcna fc nocee nena jeJlHa lrpa1lil ~30 urro jc fl3r~e.llllO 'raj '1allOp IL~ Kpan. 4>cPJlHfl8H.111C II rutahao TIlJ JlaHaK no6clloflocHoM cYJllaHY CYJlcjMaHY, C8CJlO CBOr xpaja, TOjCCT 1564 M KaKO cy TypUH JlP)J(8JIH eauapcsc repoaec fI TaKO IlMaJlI! onopca nyr 1lI HCMa.'lKY, np)J(aBJlfl ca60p y Ayrc6ypryo.tt06pH 1566. uapy MaJ(eflMIIJUl)3HYBOjCKYoJl48.000ncwaK3 I! 8.000 J(0H.llllflK3.

esojy SOjCKY. AnH xan Cvncjaaa, onccnajvna CHreT 1566, yMpe 0.0:cpaoocs,e, CKJlOnH !-heron HaCJ1e.n:HHK CC.oHM II npaMHpjC ea ocaa ronaaa C UapeM MaKCHMHJIHjaHoM,~7Koju My OCTaBMCBCKPaJI.CSHHC113CMJhe lIITO I1X jc OCBOjMOCvnejaaa, nopen TBpnaBC Csrera. Ho arras eV paaaa MeCTa y Xpearcxoj nocreneac noepaheaa. TaKO cy 011 1526. '1HTaSa CJIaSOHMja, na '!IlK CKOPOH cue HJlI1PCKC3CMJbC,nocnene non WlaCT Oceana, KOjH ey ce CMarpana «ao 3aKOHHlll. H.HXOBM nOCe.!lHHUH M aa cao] Ha'IHH eaCSIfM .IlpYK'IHje ypetlHSaJlH WIa,ll.aSHHYY THM 3CMJhaMa. Han CnaBOHHjoM je sen onaaac 6HO nOCTallJLCH nama: rpa.n IToaccr-a, KO.o: vpaxa Boczega. 06H'IHO MYjc 6lfO ceaaurre. YMCT CTO na ourrenena vrepbeaa nOHOSO ocnocooe 3a O.ll,6paHY, OCMaHIt cy MX aa caoj H3'llfH nvurrann na nOJI3KO nponanajv. BenHKH 6poj CTaHOSHHKa, KaKO y Caaeoaaja TaKO If y CSUM .aPVrHM IfJIHPCKHM 3CMJl.aMa, npHMuo je MyxaMc.QaHCTBO,Sano .n06poso.lbHO Sane npHCH1bCH, H y6p30 ce ca CSOjMM oceaja'1HMa II THpaHHMa npeTonHO y [enau napon, Octane cy Sane novtiajaua, 6HJIO npOTCpaHH, 611JIOnOp06.lbCHM. OTYJl.a anje HHKaKBO '1y.no WTO cy y CSHM HRHpcKI1M 3CM1baMa OTMeHC, crape II nnCMCHHTC noponauc .neJlMMIt'lHO H3YMPJlC,.o:CJUfMH'IHO ce CTonHRe ca nyKOM, C KOjHM cy Y CBOjOj concreeno] 3CM.Jl,HHOCHnH HCTC naHuc.1IM § 19. Jleononn BenHKM, KOjH jc 1657. nocrao Kpan. aauapcsn, a 1658. uap PHMCKH, nourao jc C OCMaHMMa y BCJIHKC
~7 CM3TpaJ10 cc aa CC He MO)l(C 1l0MHPflTH ca callCllIhy 3J(0 cc ell HCl3CpHflUflM3 CJ(Jl81l8 TpaJflll WIlP, nil ec '{MCCTO ILCT3 CKJlanaJlo.npIIMIIPJC KOIl3'lHOCC yBlIJleJIO K3KOjC norpcwaflTIlK3S3aKlbY'IaI:. Cno6oJl,ll3JlPJl::3Ba Mnerun npaa je 1150. rrpcreopnna nplIMHpjcy Be'lHfI Milp. HCTO TO V'lIIHJIJI3 [c Aycrpflja 1758. ronnac. 11MY Cp6Hjfl, Cn3DOIllljH II l>ocllfl, OJlMHOffiX nJlCMCHI\TIIX nOp<JJlIIWl flJlIlPCKflX,KojccyoHlleIlOJlIIJlflPCJ(IIMJ(paJhCBIlM8HJlCCnOTIlMaUBCTlIJlCOJl cTapHHC,(lCranajccBcr8JcllflajCJlflllH'IflCTaIlHCnOMCUlaHa,aTojenpacTapa noponuua rpmjJoR<l 6paHKllDllh<l. nOCJlCAH>1l 113 TC «vhc PHTM~ljCTCp je KOJl

cnaaonceax xvcapa

114

115

ca6Jby on napanua. Jcp ronnae 1670. HC3a.D.OBOJbHH auapa aanoscure onaM CHV n06VHV, CKOBaUlC CaMIt CC6H naaue It npeaanome ce non cvmaaa Mexaeaa IV, «oja 14. jvna 1683. note npea be'!" ca 270.000 MOMaKa. 2. cerrreacpa 1683. oncana rpana jc paadajeaa, a 3aTMM je par y3 BCJlItKO xpaonponane norpajao non 4 cvmaHa JOUl 15 r-onaaa It 'rarco ce cpenao HaCTaBMo, na ev MeXMC!I IV a aa H>ItM CvnejMaH II rv6Mnit rpan aa rpanoa It 6HTKY aa 6ltTKOM V Mauapcxoj, Cnaaonaja. Bocua,

accvrnacnue, J60r KOjHX evne Ca3SaH np)KaSHH ca6op.6\l OHM omoxeuie If parae noxon V Mauapcroj, ana C apno JlOUlOM cpeho«. TIa anax 6v.ue C I-bItMa 9 nana nOCJlC cjajac norene aaeojeeane son Ca. Forxapna CKJlOrLlbCHO 10. aBrVCTa 1664. npcsarneso npHMltpje 'Ita 20 roxana. To npteorpje HC norpaja ny)!(C HO KOJlHKO jc BCJlItKOM cvnranv rpccano na O'lMCTIt

U,I1jC.11 TpH ¢oH

ETMHrCH

¢oH Mapcana H Anexcaaaap UHHH

uapcsa nOCJlaHMKa 6MnH cy rpxpoea Bompraar (Oettingen), Jleonona ¢oH lllnax (Schlick) It (Marsigli); D,BarypcKa, Mexaea Peac-eqeaaa Maepoxopnar (Maurolwrdato); MlICTa'lKH Py(Ruzzini); H jC)laH H3 nOJbCKe. MHPOIlHHM yrollopHMa Mvcrarpoa II
roaaea je
Ii

npHCYCTSOllaJIH cy H nocmlHHUH PYCHje, EHrJlCCKe H XOJlaH-

naje.

OHH cy ca aa

CKJIOnHlIH

26. [anvapa 1699

uap cYJITaH

npaaapje Jleonona

25

TO non Cne.ll.efiHM ycnoBItMa: EpJlCJL H Cna90HHjv;

»umnv

aanpxao

Mauapcxv,

MyCTacpa II TCMHWBa~KH Baser H uerrv :6ocHY, ana XpaarCKY caao no pese YHe, «ao Ii 06naCT XcpUCrOBHHY H jlanMauHjy; MnCTUH '1MTaBy Mopejy jCHC aa apeae para, xao
H Ii

3aMKC y llanMaultjlf CD. Maypa;

It

ocao-

ocrpso

aanocnencv

TIOJbaWi YKpajHHY, sao M Ilozonajv. O.ll. 'rora speaeea aaaaae. CnaBOHHja

je eaaaa ocraaa

Cp6HjH HTJl.1I1 MebyrnM ev TypUH 1690. .aoD:YUIe OCaojHJIH Beorpaa H vnarra V CnaBOHHjv, ana cy ce KOJl Oceea aopana nOByl'tH H H3ry6MnH Cv 1691. rnaBHY 6HTKV «on Cnaaxaseua y CJJaBOH(fjH, Kalla cy no6CllOHOCHC caare napa Jleononza ocaojane M OCTaraK CJJaBOHMjc H XpBaTCKC, nopen [enaor .uCJIaEocHC. TIpeKO 100.000 HCMa'lKHX aojHHKa nano je y Mauapcso] na 6H OCJlo6o)lHJlO Mauape H.) 'rypcsor poncraa H paJ6HJlO naaue non KojHMa cV CTCH.aJlH. TIOUlTO jc Mycra¢a II rO)lHHC 1697. nOHOBO norvsea .no HOry, aanoseao ce 611H3Y Kapnoeaua y Cpeav, 5 MHJba on Beorpaza, cnpeeara npHMHpjc y jemoj Kyl'iH napo-urru IJOlUlrH'{Toj aa xondepeaII) Ha OIiOMC .tlplICallHOM caoopy, KOjH ie rrovcc 10. jaxvapa 1663. y PercHC6yprYHKojH nOpaD.HlImorHXnOC110B31p3jC.IlO.ll3113WlLCr1l3H3,OllO6peHO [e uapv 50 pHMCKHXacccua. na 6H JaIlJTIfTitn IJapCTllO Oil Tvpasa, KOjH CYCBYIIHloIaJlHCJlo6oll,ilH nponaa aa Helola'lKY. Jlana AJrCIOC3HllJlpYII npKIIOlICltojC TaKobeBCl1I1KecY"'c xoaua 711 \tcmpll DeJllma CYJIT3HB. Mcxeena, CYllcjMaHa, AxMC}la H Mvcra<.tJy JJ noOcJlHO je HcnO~CTK~ xcpnor xapno J10rpIlIlWKH, a laTHIol 06a rrpauua EyreH CanojcKH H J1YllBHr 6fUlCHC~Il; Hapo'lHT() y rOIll1Hail1a 1685.87,88, 8~, 1691. II 1697.

non aycrpHjcKHM .nOMOM, aaxo cy je, TypU,H y cncnetiaa paTOBHMa uananana, a 1716. onyeTOwHJlH joj rpaanue. Ilocne sera je TIO)!(apeBa'!"KH MHp on 1718. noeeheo avcrpajcxv 0611acr ca Beorpanoa Ii HajllelhlM nenoa KpaJbCDHHe Cpoaje, sao H jeD.HIfM KOMaIIOM 60CHC H Bnaunce. Ho HecpchHHM 6eOrpaaCKHM npHMHpjcM on 18. cerrreeopa 1739.12Jl06HO jc eYllTaH MCXMC.nV Oller esc OHO uno cy 1718. mry6H.1lH Aoren III,
11 D,a 6H cc rrpezvnpenana C1!aK3 rrpenapea 0 p3Hry. Koja 05H~HO '1eCTOCMCTaMllptlBHHMnper01)()pIIMa.6rurar:yHaKyhH~KOHq,epellullic4 BpaTa3aOIlVHOM"heHCMIIHIIC~4paTYjyhccrpallc.CaIlJCT33rpanaK8nc11a.H3JHilHa Kanona MHpa (Mana-Frieden) 12 To npllMHpje y~IIHH(ljcjCJlaH llapcKH reacpan Knjll JH fb.lillie HMao llym)MohH a KOjH JC 6c.J nacouie oraurao y ryPCK~ norop; OH.IlCJC YXBahc.H II crpaxca Oil CMpn! HaBe.llCHIIJI liIKJhY'lH npIlMHpJC. I1Ha~c. TO nplllolHpJC Je jCJlIlHO eoje jc mnpscano caojc epeac, IlITIIBHWC. npcTIIOpIUlO ce y Be'll<1l "'HP, H 1p3;t: can eeh OKO 40 ronaaa. Hc Mory lUI He HanOMCHCMK3KO jc, qyJlllIIM onpcne.n,eIWM OOllCHjIlM. nOM ayCTpHjcr<H He~OJlHKO!lyra csnanao MHpC Floprov »anonpc HOllJT06H 1l0WJlO 110 uesor Henpc.!lBIiDeHOr onacaor pan ca <l>paHllYCKOM H WnaHlljoM: K!O!lITO CC Ha npHMcpllCCIl110 1699. H 1739, Jcp 17()(]. vvpc uap lcapnoH wn~HCKH, 111739. nap KapJlo VI; !lOCIlC vera, 1701. H 1740. OTnO'lCUICllaJlCKOCClICHHparona aa IJaCJlCIlCTBO.

II6

117

aeroa nperxonna«, Hanyento.

OR CaM; HO TCMHwsapcKW

Bauer

je

nvcrourcan

§ 20. Ha raeae HaT.(HH CTCKao je 3aKOHHTH rocnoztap 1699. nOHOBO CJJaBoHHjv H CPCM, OOWTO cv on 1471. cenrhe orlheM W MaT.(CM H JIltWaBaHH CTaHOBHHIIITBa.

Kpaneanxa je crenana nO)1 11fpcKHM japMoM T.(l1TaBHX 156 ronaaa, TO jeer on 1526. 1I0 1691, W nperaopana ce 6HJJa V 0VCTHlhV· Hajoon,a non,a 6exy aanvurreaa a HajOJlO.ll,HJ.fjH KpajCBH 6exy nOKpHBCHH MpaT.(HOMWVMOM xoja je CJiV)lCHna aa CTaH Meil.BC.Il,HMa,BVUHMa H lIPVmM lIHBJbHM IKHBoTHlhaMa, 6VlIvnll na HHje Sane CTaHOBHllKa KOj'" 6H 06patmnalllt aeMJbV· JeIDIHo cv ce no PVWCBHHaMa Morna pacnoaaara MCCTa aa xojava je npe 200 ronaaa crajana «aeaa eaponrmra. 3eMJby je nasne tpe6ano "3HOBa aacenrra H CTaHOSHHLUI cy je aopann nOHOBO 3aY3eTH. To cy yT.(llHHJlH WImpH, xoje jc !-LWXOB narpajapx Apceuaje -lapaojeaan (Arsenius Czemovich) ronaae 1690, jow npe HO IlITO je -urraaa CJJaBOHHja OTeTa 0)1 OCMaHa, y HeH36pojHoM MHOWTBY noeeo OBaMO H3 CSHX 11fPCKliX «pajcaa. BeJlHKe caosone H noanacrnne xoje HM je nao nap Jleortonn, 6. anpana H 21. anrvc-ra 1690, H KOjC CV can acroaa aacnennana y roanaaaa 1706, 1713, 1715, 1743, 1763. H 1776. HC caao eBC'iaHO norepbaaana, Hero jour M npoumpHnaJIH If YMHOlKaB<IJlll, npnenaaanc cV aaaaa cee enure HJlHpa na ce H3BYKV HcnOA rvpceor japaa H notenrv V CJJaOOHlljV.73 Ha raj HiI'!HH 3CMJba je 1I0llVWC lIO H3BCCHe Mepe oner H3CCJbeHa, ana jow HH H311aneKa He TaKO sao ope 300 ronaaa llJlH xao ope 1471. ronnae.
13 rOllllHC 1737. nacrojao jc narpnjapx ApcCHHjC JOBaHOBHh. (Arsenius JUlIl1IIUl'i<:!J)ylicorp;ID.YlIlceccHarcllanpceellcyCllasoHlljYMIIOllJTlIOon 20 II IICIlJT(' XIL'balI,;1 A.Ji6allaua H Iiyrapa. V raj Max 6cxy uapcva IIOjllHUH OCBOjHJlH HHlU H OTOOPHJlH"yr 3a A.JI6aHlljy II lioCllY; lUTaUHWC, reacpan JlCIITYJlYC aancncaaoje '!~pKe sen no All6aIlHjH. McbyrllM, II>IIX ycnyr CTHfHYIIBChHMD.CJ10Mnoy611J3jy,IlJTOCCnalplljapxaJollilHonHh.araI(OI(OCHYJlO, najcocraT3K)I(I!HOTaniX1BeoyjanYHTYJII.

§ 21. Ilpc vnana rvpcsora Sana je CJJaBoHHja cjenaaeaa c XPBaTCKOM; HO nocnc noacaaor ocaojena CTaJlO ce aa !-LV nocc6Hy 3eMJI.y. To jc nano nOBOAa XPBaTCKIiM CTaJlC)KJ.fMaM. sa npxaaaoa catopv KOjJ.f je OTBOpeH y nOIKYHV 17. aaja 1729. aaxreaajv na ce CJJaOOHllja nOHOBO cjeAHHII c XpBaTCKOM, veeae Son,e aacnarane MJlanC)KW " acrepajv JCBpejH, KOjW CV CC non TVPCKOM WJaAaBHHOM npaJlItT.(HOVrHC3ll,HJIH V CrIaBOHHjl'l H Xpaarcsoj. GHO npao HMjC ce V 'raj Max Morno y'iIfHHTH, H Cnaaoaaja ocraae noceona xpaneaaxa eaCTaBJbCHa cae on eaMHX BOjHHT.(KHX 06J1aCTIf. CTaHOBHHLlII HHey nnahana HHKaKBV KOHtpll6YUHjV a 3aTO 6exy 06asc3HH na D.p)KC rpaHHU:Y H V parae BpeMe na Jl.aiy

rnenara xao aa

aaore rpvne. I'onaae 1745. notlHy ce sese odnacru, oojHlluHMa on Ma!-LC norpeoe H CMCWTCHC nonane 0)1 ryPCKC rpaaane, APVK- . T.(Hje vpeteeara, npeaomrra aa rpabascsv ynpany, on 'rux 06J1aCTIf no'IHV ce npaBlITH )KynaHHje WJlJ.lKOMHTant (rpodoBHjC) H npanajare KpyHH uauapcxoj, a CTaHOBHHUH OBHX )KynaHwja ocJl06abaru eBHX paTHHX cny)K6H H YMCCTO 'rora "P"BllKaBaTJ.{ aa veobeae VMcpeHc KOHtpH6YUHjC. CTBaP je Sane TaKO TCWKO H3BCCTIt na ce HCTa nomYHo 3anpWHJla He npe Hero TeK 1747; 'illMC cv II 0611acTH rpaHll'iapa BojHHKa lIo6HJlC fone vpebeee. Bauie on nOJlOBIIHC 'fHTaBC Kpan.eBllHC llMa cana rpabaacso vpeteee II nOJl.CJbCHO y tpa :>KVnaHHjc jc xoje cy npanoieae aauapcxoj KPYHH.74 Oaaj CCOCKHJl.COKnH rpabaacxa nposasuxja 30BC ce KaKO y CBllM MauapcKHM aeMJbaMa, TaKO II V Cnaaouaja H CpeMV, Provinciale; BOjHH'fKC
74 Haje uano MeCToilaccHcmrryjcjcJlll611J10KOpHCHOIIJIH IlJTCTIiO naccsehHllcoCnallOlJHjeyjcJtHII>yjeca Mauapcxoa.Xpearcxajc ca Kpan.eIIHHoMMauapcKOMC3MocnojcH3,aHc,KaoCJiaDoIIHja,YII>YYK.lhY"clla.na HnaK cc CIIaooHHja CM3TpK «ao zco Kpa!bCIIHHC XpB3TC"C. urroje IIpOTliByPC'lHo. J.l3McbyMauapa HHJlHpaMOlKCCCOCenrTllHCK8 norajaa oepaaa, npHpollHa IICnOnliOill.lhHIIOCT H CKPHBCHO ucnpujarcncreo. HnllpH KalKY na Y3poKTOMclIHjcllHllJTanpyroseh.llJTocYOHltyspeMcycraHKaynopHo O.n6HjaJIII na cc l!q)y)I(e C Mauapeaa npon!B uapa Jlcononaa H KapJla VI. HoMauapllllaOOllccacBHMnpyrcpa:lJlOrc.

]]8

119

o6naCTM 30EY ce Militare. V OHOMCfiane co CTaHOBHMUM caao 3eMJbOpallH.OM, CTOYapCTEOM,patiapeaea M lIpynIM rpateaCKMM 3aHHMaH>MMa;a cenc ceM cnera Tara jour M paTOM, re CV naxne y HCTM Max rpateua, CeJbaQM H BOjHIHl,l1. . To aoao vpeocae, M HapoYMTO HCTpe6JbeH.e pa360jHllKa M vcnocraueaa,e jaune 6e36e)],HOCTH, 0 yeMY ny y6p30 r-oaoPHTH, jecy 6aw OHO BpeMC on xor nan-a pawaarn OOYCTHO UBCTaH>enOHODOo)JulBCJJe 3eMlbe, § 22, Y npebauraa apcacaa, na WTaBMWCjow H rrpe 30 ronaaa, <JI1TaBaKpaJbeBI1Ha Sana je pa36ojHM'IKo memo y KOM je BpBeJIO 0)1 HajcMCJJMjl1x paafiojnana. Tv M TaMO Y aajlly6.JHfM WYMaMa fiaeana je vuias-reaa saxra vera csajaaca, KOjM 611 C epcaeaa na BpeMe uaaeaana M3.IlCTCJII1 YlIapMJJI1 na HaMeT na rena. Harnenano jc aao na ce cTapo npaao jaxera M 3JJOCpeIlHHx annana npecermno 113 HeMaYKe OBaMO. ITa anax, 6MO je TO vnpaao OCTaTaK tvpceor uapaapcma KOjC ce anje TaKO 6p30Mor.110 HJry6IfrJ.l; I1.1lMje TO V CTBapH 6H.lJa rrocrreunua I1.nMpHMa vpotene HaKJlOHOCTHna xapajy If nrsaaxajv; HaK.IlOHOCTHKOjV cy BCn PMMJbaHMnpe BHWC on XH.I1allY M no ronaaa rJlC,IH1.llHna I1cKopeHC y TOM eaponv. xaa 611 npc 30 romIHa KaKBOM Cmeoanv aoaaua H.IlH aKO soor JleHOCTM HHje xreo na pann, OH aaopvaaa mamao era rryr MJJII 6H nanao «ojcr ceora KOMWlIjy, ITyrWfI.I,H HC 6cxy mrypHI1 aa cnoj )KHnOT, a BJlaCHHl..l.H nO.l1CKMX I1Mal-ba 60jaJJM cy ce na ua MMaH.IIMa cTaHyjv. KaKBo je Y)KllnaH.C V rrOJbCKOM am ra npexana CMpTHH crpax? Fonaae Y'IHlbCH je npBH «opax na cc 3CMJLaOCJlO60)lM on pa360jHHKa; vera pann naop nourane Y Floacerv napovare xoaecapc cHa611cneHC nYHoMonjy II onroaapajvna» Hapcll6aMa KaKO na nocrvnajv. 3aTMM ce V uenoj KPB.I1CBI1Hll o6jaBH nnanapcxn onpourraj II oCJJ060ncH:.C0)1 CBHXaacnvaceHHX Ka3HH aa OHe KOjll 1I06P0130JbHOlloby y Ilcxerv, npenally opv'eje, HCKPCHOnpaaaajv ceoje npccrvne H 3aKyHy ce na 120

HX aaure aehe '1HHHTH; y3 npCTH.y na he, nourro npote pOK rrOMH.IlOBaH>a,IlITaBY KpB.l1enMHY nperpaxara ' BOjHHll,H 1:1 JJ;a ne CBe pa360jHHKc )KMBe Ha6MTH na KOJIall,. Ilocra paJ60jHMKa note y Iloeerv,» rra 6Y)lY onaeneaa y TaMHl:Ill,Y, CYIICKM cac.rrywaHll H nourro cY nO.llO)KH.IlR 3aKJlCTBY na I3Mme aene '1HHMTH HCllCJJa, nvurrena 6e3 Ka3He. Caae« on lhl1X ll.06Mje

jour on nnanapcsux «oaecapa eeurro

HOBua, na 6R ce BpaTMO caojaaa H oner aorao pannrn 3CMJhy. MCnyrlfM, KaKO KOMHcnja npCCTaHC H «oaecapn onv, paaoojuana, KOjM cy CC 6M.IlH npe06paTI:I.IlM J60r crpaxa OIl Ka3He, MaxHY ce o.rryra, paaabv ce oncr no wVMaMa M nO'iHy OOH0130CBOj cTapH 3aHaT. 3a KpaTKO BpCMC, CnaBOHMja orter npoBpC on paJ60jHHKa, on KOjllX HI1:KOHC 6ewe cHrypaH y CBOjOj pobeaoj KyIlM, Kan je '1VBeHll '1CTOBOOaTpcHK, «ora cy jeavara yHecpehnm, OABeo Belll.my H Mcby HMMa HajcMCJIHjc pa:36ojHHKC

ll3 Csaecaajc y HeMa'lKV y par, YYHHH cc nOHOBO noxvuraj na ce ycnocTaBH jaaaa carvprroct- 11pa360jHMwTBa CMlIOM HCKOpCHC. Je,1lHO on HajKopHcHHjHX cpencraea feure na CTaHY npaBMTH cena (norne aa]e 611JIO aajenaor), cen.a-nce xvne, xoje 6cxy pawTpKaHe no orpoMHMM Ill'{M3M3 I1JJHV 6pm:lMa, pvumru H aa jemrou Mecry I:IX :i'lW''10 aajenao nOlIH3aTl1,76 na 611 KOMlllllj3 aorao HMaTll aa O'1HMa KOMIIlHjy M naaara aa OHO WTO onaj pana. Y CBaKOM nOCT3B.11CH M no je KOMe jc lIy!KHOCT na

121

6Y,1lHOnaaa aa cue CTaHOOHHKe,If cyMH.HOe npHjaDJhyje. flocne avcrpajcxor Para aa HaCne,1lCTOO, KOjl1 je 33.0PWCHMHpoM Y AxeHY 1748, CMeWTeHM cy no 0,1lo6peH.Y rueacraa HeKH HeMa'iKH KOH.H'IKH nyKOOH Y 3 lKynaHHje, rne je rr.neMCTBO noaerne ira COOjHMcnaXH.rrywma nonerno no HCKOJ1HKO xacapHH aa 20 ,110 KOH.aHHKa. A cea rora, CBH pamojHIlUH ce 30 6eJ MI1JIOCTHIKHOH Ha6Hjajy aa KOJ1au_7J OOHM H lIpynlM nOrOll,HHM cpeacraaea KOHa'iHO je IIpe 15 rOD.IlHa jaeua carvpaocr c OeJIHKOMMYKOM IIpI1JII-!'lHO aacnOCTaDJheHa,ana he, fioja'ra ce, YCJlC,1I eaaaaa MV'lelba, nov HOOO6J.ffH nopeaeheaa: J60r vera ce OBO YKHlIaH.e 1776. Y Caaeoaaja raja. Can TY,1IaHeMa suure MHoro6JXljHHx paatiojHH'lKI-!X ,1IpyJKHHa KOjC 6H ce xao HCKa,Il,aCKHTaJle no JCMJbH ca xapaaoauroe. Jow CC MOry cpecra nojenaaa paJ6ojHHUH. Kaa OOH HellITO noxapajy lUIH HCKor y6Hjy, IIO,1lHrRC CC 'IM-raaa 3CMJhaH nOKpeHY CC CJlaOOHCKH rpauasapa HJII:! HeMa'lKH KOH.aHHUH. OnKOJ1H ce <nITao «paj rnc CC 3J10'lHH .aCCHO, nonpcoao ce npe-rpa)l(c urvae, 6pila H aovaape, ,1IOKCC 3JI0xanau He vxaanr, KOjl1 McbyrHM '1ecTO aa BpeMCHa ~aKHC, II06cmc npeeo Caae y TYPCKY I-! OHllC .a06l-!ja aanrrarv, HaKO 611 rpecano na 6y.ae vxaahea H mpV'lCH.:rn
17 HaolljaH.e 1111 O.rraUjC KlIKO Y UCIloj TYPCKOjTaKO II Yl.IlIuapcKIIM K 3CMJbaMlI0611'11111 Kft31111. nO!lITll3JI1l'lIHl!J.<l rruror 1l000CrIIYcro",aKoM II 'IBpITO 311BellCY 3CMJbIl.OIlCC'ICMy uenar CeI:HJlO.M 1111 CTp~)!(H.IIIIY na craee Y H.Y tJilBC1I1Ixonau, 1111 pxv O~OBlIII rOO)!(tlcM, 111(0)11ue.rraTCKIlMOMUII nsocrpar e tJilBClIlIM MaJt.CBIIMayrcpy)y 3JIo'lIlHu~yreJlo,ilOJ( ra ucnar cnpcna YTTpaRI1a 06IlM PYl'aMlI. AKO 3JI0'lIlHUll rpctia )aKO KaJHIITII, oaaa uenar, BCh npcaa npccvna, IlMlI JIll vnpaena «onau T~K<l na 011 YHVTPa Y TeJly npotc nopen KII'I~e II H3abe J(p<;lJ33TIlJbaK HIlIl 113Meby nncna -. VTOM crry'lajy pa360jHIIK ocra)ClICHD'IecTOTT024cara,rrywHnYBaHHtlll)cpa!CHjy.A.I!llaKOCCIIO npecYIIHK0JI3.unporepaKpoJ-rp6yx,CMpT6Jl3?H3nyrm. 1~ Kan je HcnaSHO ACKII BCJIHKII xvnae Je1[]lOMTaKBOMTTPl!!lIlICOM ITIIcan rypcJ(OM 33TTOBC.IlHHKY IiOCHII,A3 npBOlIIIPYfOTTllcMoHHjccrnrall Y HHK3KaS naroaop. H~ rpenc TTHCMO rnacaojc onroeop OBaKO:,.4Y.llHojc!lIT0 lIaM 'lHIIHW TOJIIIKY MYKy, fiaur aao na CMO ~tH IIYlKHH na XB3TaMOnofcrne caM na 1p3)!(H caoje pa.J6ojHIII:e, 01111 y y ceJIV TCPMlIHTY. c

§ 23. Ilccaa

cy CJ1aBOHUI1nOCMaTpaHfI H onHCHoaHH ca-

MO rao nplfpo,1lHH .n.Y,1lI1. can HX aopaxo OCMOTPflTHH sao A 4J1aHOaejenner aajenmoeor lIpJKaBHOr TCJla, TO jeer xao rpabase, KOjH cnoje 3ajC)IHH'iKe 6eme.uHocTH H cpehe pa,1lH HC caao WTO aajcnao craavjv, aero H jCDI:lOM BPXOBHOMrocnolIapy npertvurrajv na ce 6pHHC aa ormrra HanpC,1IaK,rc cy ce, rrpeaa TOMe, npetrvrao OllpeKJIH npHpo,!JJIC CJl060,llC Koiy CBaKH '10BCK .aOHOCI-!C060M aa CBeT xao aajnneaeaara]e npaBo pobeaa.v Ty aacrajv MHora xpaja,e Ba)l(Ha pa3MaTpalba, on KOjHX ce npao TH'Ie nOBJIaCTHua 0pxooHor rocnonapa H npaea craneaca.uapcrea (der Reichsstdnde]. I1naK, ja MopaM npe TOra na npm,aIKeM Ii cnmuea CBe rpabaae IIp)KaBe, on KOjl-!X npacaaaa CTaJICW:H,na '-IaK VI caa rocnonap 3CMJbe, «ao OpBR .aplKaOHH CTaJleJK, casauasajv caao jenaa ManCHH nee. OHI-! ce cacroje 1) on ,1IpJKaBHHXCTaJleJKa, 2) on CTaHOOHHKarpanoaa H TprOBHlIITa, H 3) on ceeasa, KOjH cy HJlH caao CCJha1.\11, ana na« y HCTR Max Ii BOjHI-!UH, H pyKyjy ruryrOM IiCTO xao H opYJKjeM. § 24. IIp)I(aoHlf CTaJIe)J(HKOjH HMajy CC,1IHIIITeI-! mac aa MauapcKoM .aplKaBHoM catiopv cacroje ce on 4 KJ1aCe,H jecv (1) 6HcKyn baKOOa'lKH, TO jeer Ka1. __H'-IKI1 6J.lCKyn CnaeoaaI je,~11(2) aaraara HJIH Sapoaa uapcTBa, TO jeer KHCIKeBH, rpo¢OBI-! H cppajxcpH; (3) 06H'lllH nJ1CMHnH, KOjH IIMajy nneaahxa notipa (nobiles possessiona!i); Ii HanOCJ1CTKY(4) Kpan.eoCKH CJ]0601lHlI rpa,1l Iloacera, KOjH, xao H COl-!CJ1060,!l,H1-! rpa7'l CBHcycSpotlCKHHapoJ[]tllCp11IoB3JlHCtlojYTTPHPO.II.HycJl060.llY.3.1TO 1136H 611J1H CpchHlljH. Ho Jla JlH OHH CpchHHjc lIClIBC HerOIlHBJt.3UII y AMepHUH, TO jc TCWKO pehH Pvco KalKe HC! CTaHOBHI1UH 1I0JlyOCTpBaKpm.m cy mtBJt.3UII y EOpoIlH. KOjH HHKa~o ache 1136YllY UIIOIIJlH3001lHII, aaro WTO CC tlJl3WC sccpcnc KO)a npHTllcKy)C UIIBIIJlIl300aHC naponc. OHII HaCBaKH rpan rJlC}llIjy «ao na TaMHI1UY rnc KpaJbCOllllplKe 3aTBOpeHe p06oBc. Ctapn HeMUlt MHCJll!!l1l cy nornvao HCTO «ao Tarapa ~II KaKO rp~KH OIlCKYIIH He Mory na 11Majy nJlCMHhKa HMaH.a, TO (JAil H »acv cranean npxaee. IiC306Jllpa H3 TO,OHfl IIMajy IfCTO TOJlflKO MohH KOJlIIKOH6IJCKynbaKtlBa'll:lJ.

~~~7~~ ~~~.~
122

123

,llOBM,

npanana 'raj aa
Kpan.

«panv.
HH K<UJ.

Ko

He

cnana

HM

jeaaa

lIplKaBHH y nOlKVH,

H HCKJhy!.JllOO HH'IHe

en nocenonaaa
06JIaCTH

I1JIeMllnKOr Hll

aaana.
HHKaKO y If

KaKO HMafha

rpaHM

CTaJIelK, KOjH

He MOlKe

nona sa

lIplKaBHM

caoop
CBH

aojansse craneaca,
HHTH

HeMajy

nneMHnKHX

caaaaa
fheMY HMajv

xohe. Bacsvn
2

CJlaBOHCKH Ho

H CBaKH Mar-

CJJ060)lHHX JK311HIIX

Kpan.eBCKHX

HaT HMa

jenaa nocefiaa rnac.

nneeana

CBaCJIO-

rpanoea, TO TV mjl:! ce aanaac caao

TeMHIIIBapcKoM

aeaa 3 acvnaaaje
HCMa

np-

xe

lKvnaHHje rpa.rr

aajenno caxo
HMa KOjH

rnaca,»

a KpaJbeBCKH

provinciali)., Y
KHX HMal-ha

UeJIOM

Baaarv
IIJlll

(in nneaahAKo ce

601IHH

Iloeera

caao
HeMajy

jellaH.~l

lIplKaBHllx

crazexa.
!Xl60BB KMeTOBB.

OHM HVjV

mleMHnH CeJba'lKIUI H

tureaahxo
H

1I06po,

Hero

CTa-

aa

§
mY3Me

25.

Cnaaonaja
H O¢HWiPH

je aeana

HMaH.MMa

30By

ce V lIpJKaSHHM

armalistae
H.eM mrJIe.ny 6poj je

'caarpajv

ce xeo cenana;
011 3eMJbaMa

no

3aKOHHMa CI10JbawH.HXOB

CBeIIITeHCTBO

cBOMe

jenaa

ce pa3JIHKVjV

npaeax

HOBHHUH CTBa It

narnucxe H rp'ne upoe. Kpan.eBcKH '111(Kriegsofficiere),.'1HHOBHllIIITBO nJIeM-

exeroaa.
BeJIHK,

V Mar,rapcKMM

He0611'1HO

6Y.llynH

na

forara ITJIeMHnH YCJIe,ll TeWKMX TVpcKllX paroaa mrV6MJIM caoja ifMaH.a M crrana aa npocja-nca urran.c Maaa cy OHM, aa OCHOBY caora nneacraa, 6eJ H3Y3eTKa ocaototeaa 0.11 CBHX naeaaa snaaapv, HnaK Mopajy BJIaCHHKY I1J]eMHnKor ,llo6pa aa KOMe lKHBe ruaharu cae lllTO H lIpvm ceeana.» JellHHO cv H3 Y'fTIlBOCTII H caxancaa CJI060)lHH na He vopajv crnapHO l·diH aa po60TV; anH m TO aopajv na najv HOBal.{ I10
CV MlWrH JaCHO COKor H

rpabaaa rpans Flo-sere, caa OCTaJIll CTaHOBHllUIf cy He caao ceaana, Hero cy KMeTOBH H rpateua no H 'rproaaturaaa, IIITaBHIIIe II HeKIf HMytiHH rprOBUIf.1I5 Caa H.nHpli xoja cy .nOIlIJlH aMO ronane 1690. 1I0CTa.rrH cy KMeTOBH. AnH KMeTOBCKO CTaILe y Caaaouajn H CBIIM Mauapcxaa aeasaaa Hllje HH nutanexa TaKo,TeIIIKo sao y t{eIIIKOj, Mopaacxoj H aehana HeMB'IlCHX oeoracra; OHO jenpnmrsKMeTOBH. rpa,[lOBHMa HO v6.rra)KeHO TaKO '1BpcTO 3eMan.CKHM 3aKoHHMa, KOjH KMeT

rocnonapv
y

llMaH.a HHIIITa

aeavjv
HHKaKBe

PYKe,

na

6HTH Jep

HeMa

ceca

CTpaIIIHO,

cea caaor3BKOHCKlI y HOBUy,

HMeHa. ,[Ipyre

rocrtonap

aeaa

Han: COOjHM MO)Ke

naxne na npanamocr HH)Ker nneacrea He 3aBMCR

je

)1p)KaBHOM 0)1

CTaJIelKV Hero

BH-

KMeTOBHMB

BJlaCTH,

cea

U1TO 011 H.HX

poteaa

je)1HHO

na

1paJKH

CPOpllHrH PHHY,

nannnapaav H .upyra cenaxa

vrapbeav po60TV If rozauuae HeKOJlHKO nopen jeneor xaara npaa. 3a Ky.rryK, B03a(Zwangdienste, Rundefuhren, Rauchhuhxojaxa CC Hli

ner)
csora

naeaea
cane

secrcporcxa
He 3Ha. HHTII

nneaah Hjell1lH

nparacjcvje 1I0cellHHK paanora H KVnV; y

Cnaaoaaja panl

MO)Ke csoje

KMeTOae

6e3 3aKOHCKOr H.llXOBV 3eMJhY

HCTeMa,Qa

H CaMOBOJhHO cenax

HM onvaera H

HHjellaH

y Cnaaoaaja

Mauapcxoj

He MOJKe aacneaao

~5 011 serer speneua nOCT30 je y CnaaoHlljll 06ll'laj aa MarHanl1l rmcMllhIlKOjIlHacrojc.n:BHBCCJlccBojecllaXWJYKCHClaXTcaajYBlllllCO)! rrpaaomnaua a uapo-nrroon Hcaaua na lKpTByjycnojYCJl06011ylI.n:1l nocraIIYKMCTIlBII.1l)uWHM3CMJblllllTe,CarpalleIlMlCyhYHCKJlOIlCcJt.HMByroBop na lIlBCCTaH 6poj ronaaa. nocnc KOjllX 11M jc cnotoaao na OJJY. CJ.llB cy llaKJIccol<JflioJlJlBeapCTe:l)ad.I'cripli,IIJ1IlKMCTOBII,1I2)liberaeemigrali,mi.l'. Oall nOCJlC!l,Ibll30BY CC IIpaClilii

124

125

Ii CTBapHO

nocenoaara

aeanaurre

M HCnOKpeTHll HITaK

HMatha IICTIlHa

KaO

Focnonap
My CTBapHO

HMa

npaao na on caora

KMeTa

aaxreaa

HJIJ.I

na
He a

caoje
rHX

npano

·n.naCHJ.IWTBO.>IO Y3poK

Ho

ocraje

na

je

mane

KMeTCTnO

aKTHBHH

MaJJe Hacen.CHOCTH

H MHOrHX

lIPY-

nau Y
CMe

nOCJIC)lH,CM

aa Ky.1lyK llJIH na My YMecTO rora .na cnvsajv KMeT, npeaa aasoacsoj TaKCH,
C

HO-

nCOMa IIJTeTllliX

nocnennua.

§ 26. Ilomva I1JlI1 nco cenatc (ein Vol/meyer oder ganeer Bauer) (colonus integrae sessionis) aoae ce oaaj KOjH HMa UeJlY cecajv, TO jeer 24 jvrpao opaHllue H 8 jvrapa (loch oder Mader) JIHBa.n:e.ffi! Cnaeoacso jYTPO aaacca jeaao H no Mauappanora cy ceocsa HMaH>a y Mauapcxcj aacro vaocaaja Hero y Cnanoaaja. Cae UITO ueo cen.ax liMa na lIa caoue rccncaapv cacroja ce ronaum,e 0.11 12 naaa KYJJYKa ca 4 BOJIa (Spanndienst) HJIH nax 48 naaa Ky.1lyKa 6e3 nOlIB03a (Handdienst), paqyHajyhH no jenaa naa KyJIl{Ka aa BOJIa; xao H ronaurae jenaa XBaT ropHnor npeera Ii 1pH dopaare y aoauv. CCJbaK C nom HMaH>a (Halbmeyer) (colonus mediae sessionis) naje ronaura,e 6 nana KynyKa ca 4 nOJIa, HJIH 24 nasa KYJJYKa 6e3 nonecoa, H 1 xaar .n:pneTa H 1 TaJJHp. MO)Ke KMeT aaara H same on jenae cecaje, na npHMep jenav H no, a.rm y TOM cJJY'iajy OH Mopa .na.n:ii 18 ,naHa Ky.1lyKa C nonnoaoa 11m:! 72 6e3 noaeoaa II TaKO nan,e.
CKO, H H3 TOr
lUi 11J1I1JlPYI"1IMpevuea, nneaeh jc IiJIaCHHK3eM.n,IIun-a II >tM<ldomini· 111M directum: C%m' IIMajy dominiwl1 mile. He Mory npexa TOMC 1I(l CIl()joj ~Jh!lpaCllunaraTII3CMJl,IIIllTCM;Tj_:"'H'HcMajYllpaBOMcBOjaIlMaH.aOTyby. jYIIJlIIMIIXTCCTaMcmOM saseurrajv KOMe xohc. YMpcJlIICO!OIlU,.caxteuOM

10
ce

nnerara aa xpajuapa 6e3 aa

Kpajy

Ky.rryK

nonaoaoa eaure

0,[(

40 xpajuapa,

nOlIB03a.~~

on

CDJ.lX Ky.1lyKa

OCJI06o,!l.w

Ilornvaa cenax MO)Ke zasne na aa 8 cpopHHTH ronannse. Habe

KYJJY'iHO DH1IIe HO llITO

JlH ce 6HO

rO,[(IIHe

na

je KMeT

je

OH.Il,a rocnonap Mopa na My aa cnasn KYJJYK c aaure nnara y HOOUY He 40 Hero 80 xpajuapa, a aa caaxa 6e3 nOlIB03a 12 «pajuapa. AKO KMCT, aa npaaep, 6Ylle ca cnaxajcxae )KHTOM nOCJIaT aa nyr KOjH -rpaje 1p11 nana, ,nY)KaH,

nonaoaoa

oana
THO

My ce Kyl'tH

TPH nana norpecaa na

He

6H

ce

npa3HHx aKO HHje

KOJIa npa6110 BaH

omacvjv ropue,

on

Ky.rryKa; )KHBH.

ceu
y

rpaaaua
Cne KojHMa je

)KynaHHje ono

y KOjOj

,[(pyK'iHje

je

nojHHM

06JIacTlfMa,

Ky.1lyK

y,neweH

ourrpnje.
Hero

Oaae

HaCeJhCHHLI,H )KynaHitjaMa. MecTO .IIa ce 6.ITar,

cacaaa aa npvra Ha'iHH H MHOro eopajv na Ky.1ly'ie lIaJJeKO suure npasaav]e

je no urreTHOCT 3eMJbOpa.n:H>y KYJJYKa.

Y 1pHMa

Heje cane
OH KaKO the Ta, My

Bao

nparo

IInaK

aaaaa «pa]na U,Beurro

urreras.w

AKo aeiesopans,a,
ro)UlHa ca

-reuen, npease,
y HOBaU;

rpeca

onna

ce KY.1lyK Mopa

npeTBOpHTH HajcpellHHjHM

xao

ce npc
y

::cfi~

HCKOJIHKO m60pHoj

nOCJIClIHQaMa

.n:ecHJIO

KHe)KeBHHH

Xaaoeepv.
KMeTOBa

!~~T~!c~~C:~!::'

jc Beh OJQlCbCH 3IIKOHOM; rocaa

TOMe, IIC

Bnanapcxa
KOllTp1l6YUHjH. UpKBC,

naaaaa
CDH

cacro]e
y

ce

npesacxonao
TaKO II rp'iKe MauapcKHM

~: KOMa)l JeMJbC aa KOM,CCC nrn;ejy xtBC aepaue )!(fWd aoee CC Y MauapcKojJyrpo.HoyOraOOHlljlf06yxBaTaje.llHOjyrpoTOJlIIKOOpaHIIUCKOJlHKO CC MOlKe aacejara C8TjJit MCpllUC lKlITa, npcMaTOMC 3ajcJUlYTPChflHY je eche OJl »euepcxor05f1'1I1()CC y jCJlHO aauapcxo flJlfI K8MCpaJlH()jyrpo P8'!YHaH 1.600 KBanpaTHIfX xaam (CB8KIIC.8Ilo6KBa1!p8THlIxCTolla). MchyTIiMTO Hllje CDYM Tatoo, 6YJlytIH M CC Y jcnao jvrpo pa'ryaa 'lac !600, 'lac 1200, 'lac lOOOKBa)lpaTHIIX XIlaTIl, ech IIpcM8 TOMe M JIM je YKOMe Kpajy OCKYJlIIU81fJ11105I1JLcYJCMJt.1I ~ To jCCT V nJlOJUlIlM KpajcBIIM8. Ann aKO lCMJt.a Hllje Hapo'!IITO Jl(). 5pa.OHMCcccclljccpalMcpHonOBchaBajy,HanpIiMCpoJl.48jyrapaopaHIIue 1116jyrapaJIHBa)le.HajeJtHOnOJt.CKOIIMaH.e(MeyerhofjpsqyHacco611'1HO 600jyrapa.IIOiIPa1YMCBsjyhHIllYMcHII81llH.aKC

cCJbaLI,H,

KaKO

JIaTHHCKe

eopajv

KaTOJlHQKHM

611cKynHMa

Cn"M

R~ Ma KOJlIIKOCHPOM81ll8H 5110 CJlaOOHCKll1I xpBaTcKIi CeJ1,8K, OH YOOK xol'leMCCOJlKynyKaoTKynlllloBueM,CaMOJl.allc5HMOpaOp!lJlllTII.CCJJ.SUH HCllPCCT8HO MOJIC 311 TO nonvurrcac, na Ka)l 11M 5ync MTO, OHH IlpoJJ.allY eBIfH.'!CHI1JI8TCTIIMCKYJI)'K18'1l1Tanyr01UlHY, 9(1 Hajurrctuajc he 611Tl11llTO CCJbaK »ecro »opa MJlCKO J1.8 IIJ1.CIUIII MTCpaKOJIaJlOKIICJlobeHaMecTo,lIurrocclIlflJl83<lKHaKynyKo511'1HO Tpa)KIlYBpcMcKaJllcMJt.opa)IJlIIKHC3MIIMaIlYHep)'KelloCJIa,-re6c.JlllTeTc IIOCOIICTBCHO lIoMahllllcTBO KyJIY'lllT1l HC MUlKC.

126

127

3eMJI.aMa IIOTllyHO

nnahara
11

nccerax.

Ho

KyKypy3

(fJII1

tvpcxa
HeKHM He

mueaaua
caao

.upiKa[lHOM MCHTY 60bcIIM

je CJI06011UH OLI LlCCCTKa,'JI H .uCCCTaK ce nnatta

Y JlOH.IJ,OHy.'J·l CV CBI-lX H

aa

K03e

KHM

cane. Ha KOMOPCKHM llo6pHMa II HMalbHMa neceraaa no ropao] 01l.pe.ll.6M

Hero

nneannnpanana 6M-

naaera
JlOBa no

aa KOMC ce pam «ao V CHrJleCKOM napJ1a3) 41laHOnJ.l .np;icaBHMX CT<lJIC)I(a OCJ10uapana, IIpMpe3a H CBllX .nPvrJ1X Kpan.cncKHx jueaax nanaa,a. 4) OHM IfMajy llCKJbY'!.HBO npaeo
Kpan.eBI1HH.

caropv,

csvnv na caa

axazapv.
UlTO ce TII'!.e no BJJall.aPCKllX nOBJIaCTHua, II03HaTO cryna y

-mraeo]
MllH C

5)

HllKO HMaTH

npvr-a cea

KaTOJIH'IKor IfM3lba II

§ 27.
KpaJh

Mauapcxe
KpaJh

npaav
CBeTOra

HaCJIe.uCTBa 011

1687.

npecro
)KYHY

«ao

DJaBoHHje;

na

ce CBe'laHO Kpa.n.a

KpyHllllle

no-

je na

aarxara

3eMJLHWTa

nneaaha He MOiKC npaao« H3CJle.nCTBa

HCIIOKpeTHa

II y DJl3CHHWTBy.

6) Crpaaua

CBeTOM KpyHOM

Creeaaa,c

na

caCBHM

npaao para If t.lI1pa, caacaa, onaunosaaa IIOCJIaHHKa H TaKO nane; 113 My npananajv aanncneaa llMaH.a II q,eYlIaJIaa lI06pa H3YMpnHX rtoponnua; aa My npanana KOH1p1l6YLUtja,
I1Ma

He Mory HMaTH nne~!HnKllX 1I06apa, aKO I1pe rora HllCY H3TY' 7) CBaKll 'l.I1aH npxcaemtx crane-sa npencraarsa na CBOMC l1J1eMHnKOM .!l06py HJlll cnaxlIJlYKY HeKaKBOr aanor anaaapa. Jep OH MOJKC na yrBpoyje cecj 3aMaK llJJH JUleMHI'tKY pam130Ballll. KypHjy,lIa liMa .uP)l{J.l -rpatiarrre, xycape, nannvpe M TaKO nan,e. OH npaeo na cao]a J.lMafha KOPllCTM KaKO xohe M na C IIPJ.lrtpoaaeonnva lbJ.lXOnJ.lM cll060.[HO pacnonasce Y uenycTOr 3eMJLllIlITa

napaaa

If CBe lIITO

cc

Halle

non na

3eMJbOM,

-rj.

pY;UmUH; CJl060llHO npeMeHHMa

na

OH,

xao
naxe

IIpSH

H HajoTMeHlljll

llPIK3BHH

CTaJIeIK, y paTHllM II TaKO

pacnoMOIKC

POllHHM

lIplKaOHHM OnIlITH

IIpHXO,llHMa; n03HO

noj

3CMJLll.~~ Ca

xoje jc
TaKO

lbcrOOHM

rpvno»

na

m.ua

rton

OpylKjC,

nan,e.
CTaJIC)Ka: IIp)f(aBHHX OeJIllKHM ce

IIPCTI.IOpeHO J.lJlI1

y nJlOLlHO

Y
33KOH3.

BOjHH'!.KHM

llHCTpHJ(fHMa HeOrpaHJ.I'lCHO, jc

acaa

npxaaaax

vnpaeo neacrax,

KaKO

rtpanana on

fhCMY a He 6HcKyny lKHT3 H

on

CTOKe,

nccerax, urro

oH.IJ,e KPaJh

anana

HO .up)KenH

IKynaHltjaMa

xpanena

MOti y6JIa)l(eH3

xon HO!lOOCHODaHllX craneaca liMa narsc

Y lbCMy

cCJJa .!lOCTa o.n6auyje. HilC.J.IC.uHO CVllCKO IIp<lBO

4JJ3H

..tJ.piKaBHHX

Ha.D.

CBJ.lM CBOjMM

CJJ0601laMa

nneacrua.
npacaaaax craxcxca V HJIllPHjH cacroje ce

HaCCJhCHJ.lW1Ma,'Jj KOjH My H311J1aJe

ua

KVllyK

11 C1IH'lHO, H KOjH

28. Ilpaeu

rnenajv
caao

cnora

6paHllTCJLa

H JaIlITHTHHKa. Hero je II

YfJI30HOM

y CJlCLlCI'iMX cc..tJ.aMTa'!.aK3. HC MO)l{C am

1) Hujenaa

He aaopaueno

CnaUOHUI1Ma

II XpBaTllM2, JCMIb<lMa

"<IJlaH .uP)I(3B)l(IlBOTOM, IIpeCYllOM npornamea aajeaso aa

Manapnea
IiMa-

HHX CTaJICIKa "<Ialliny

611TH Ka)l(lbCH

TCJJecHO II I'mje

na V CTpaHHM cJlYiK6V, H TO

npllMajy ry611TKa

611110 rputencxv If,HXOBllX

611JlO BOjHy lba If ceaxor

HJUf llM,l}bCM

My ce ..tJ.CJlO npe 'rora

vs

npeTlby

HaCJlCllHOr

npana.

II IIpaBOM aa xpaaua.

L10Ka3aJJO H OH no 3aKOHCKOM

nponacv ce L10Hent

2)

COIl jaBHH

3aKOHH Mopajy

~;r.YJ

91 Y M3uapcKHM nplK3UHHM 3aKOHHMH~powIlora CTIlJIcl\a HaBe!(eHCcy OOHMCHH'IHOCUC8pcTClKHTaO.nKojHXIlCCCTllHanpHna,laoHcKynHMa.T3.!lII y

Mauapcxoj

[our HHjC 6uo V8C!1CU,a Cnaeouaja

[e 611I1aITO.nTVp-

'1.! He caatpa ce l<iKOHIITHM HltjC.naH KpaIL KOjlt HHjC ~""PVHItCaH TOM l>13THOllKpyHOll. KaJKv.najyjc IT81l3 CJtIIBCCTap tl nocnao KpalLvC'renaHV. Ho T3 TOIlItK(l nourroeaaa KPy'"3 HlrIlc.na na jc IlOJ(JlOHrp'lKHX uapeeaJcp JC H3'11t1f>(~Ha npeua r[J'll<oj llllJallCMH H v"pawclta CIlltK3Ma rex uapcaa, ITa. urraemuc, na lI.uj cV It rp~KH HamHeli.

~l 36nr -rora HHje onp)l(alt ItltjC.tJ.aHnplKaBH!I caccp o.n 1764. ronnuc CHit I>larltaTl! KOjH.nClJlII3CIta H.ItM8jV rrpaec cVbcH.a CDl1jOjITpam.1t 1'1 HloBCnpcporam8ClTpoItCTlt'lCHB1tWCHnalKHltjlt.lIlOCIlc~HUalt() urro6HCCSCPOBaJ!O. AIt"o.Hanpm!Cp.3CMJ n, ItJalTpcntfIlaJl,Kpa..l,IlCMO)l(C na Ja6paHIt crancxaaa ItlllOl H.H.~OIlll)!(HTa. '15 CBHMa nIlcMIII\KIt/d ItMaHoHMa V Cnaooltltjlt npunana lIaClle.nHO ev.n· c~o npaoo a HCKHMa H npaeo H3 CMpTIIC 1Tp<-'CV.nc (R/wb(lllll Oller HU/$gerlC/II).Il() urro cc caarpa "aOTC}I(8KTCpcT. HacIIc.!l.HollpauocybcH.ao6YXIlll· ra It IlpallO KaJl(H.allllH," HaCCJbCIlH~aTa\!HHUO~! !llIH 6aTllHal.lH. QDa IlOCIlC.n· ~w~~~!l:t j~il~~~yrna Ita

TYJlC""

H~'1HH, It MHorll jc cc YlIIHplt 6ujc DIIWC lin

128

129

§ 29. Fnaaua H3BOP .Ilp)KaBHHX npaxona je KOKIpH6vu.H. ja, soja caao V 3 )KynaHHjc, HC paqyHajyhH SOjHH'fKC 06JIa· em, H3HOCH roaaunse 170.000 CPOpHHru H npanavao je BM· COKa. HMa UC.1lliX ceeaxa KOjH uopajv IIJIal'iaTH ronmus,e no 60 cpopHlITH lWKIpH6Yl1Hjc. Jlpeaa YBC.nCHOj KOlITPH6yIUIO' HOj CTOnH Mopa CBaKH KMCT ruattara KOKIpH6Yl1Hjy aa CBC CBOjC CTBapHc npaxone. KOPHCT HaHMe xoja npWTw·le on 06· pateee 3CM.JLe H CTOKC rrpopavvaara jc aa onpebeaa Ha'IH:H, H npeaa TOMC cc IIJIana KOKIpH6yu.Hja. AKo je 3CMJbOPllI(HHK apeaas, aKO 06pabyjc CBC ceoje aaaorpane H lhHse H aKO .IlP)KH MHOro CTOKC, aopa nnahara BHCOICY KOHTpM6yuHjV' AIIH aKO je J1CH,KOHrpH6yuuja MY je Mana, a THMC CC neroaa JICHOCTnonpacaaa. Ta KOHTpH6YI..I,HOHaCTOna HHje ,WHOle norO.llHa aa nCH Hapo.ll. Ila nnas, .Il06po MH je n03HaTO na CBaKa KOHTpH6YUUOHa CTOna HMa caoje noope H J10WC crpaae. Y BOjHH'lKH~( 06naCTHMa cpebena je OHa ueurro 6oJbC, D.CCCTaK on JKHTa, KOJa H oaeua, npanana ua 4 cnaXH.nyKa raxote KPa.n.y,1'6 npeJIa3HM npeso .IlpyrHX CHTHHjHX KMCTOBCKHXnaaaaa. Llapaua aa YB03HY H H3B03HY po6y UPHJ1H'IHO je BaIKHa, Hapo'lIITO y 3CMYHY, MHCJlHM na cc HC aapaa aKO nenosvnna Kpa.n.CBCKH npaxoa H3 CnaOOHHjc H Cpeea npoUCHHM aa I MHIDiOH cpo_ paaara, on sera ce jC.ll.Ba jenaa nOJIOBHHa vnorpednaea aa nnanaae Kpa.n.eBCKHX 'IHHOBHHKa, H aojaaxa, aa onpeaaas,e rapteaa, jaBHHX arpana H TaKO nane. 1.JHCTOCTaTaK H3HOCH ro.nHWH.e CBwaKO rtpexo nOJ1a MlfJIHOHa 4x!PHHTH. § 30. Calla npHcrynaM Ha'lHHY vnpaanaaa H vcrpojcrsv KOjH cy y BOjHH'lKHM odnacraaa Hap(HlHHX eojaaxa HJIH V caCBHM n:PYK'IHjH aero y povinciale. OHO HHjC npnnojeuo vrapcxoj KPytrn, Hero CC y H.eMY vnpaana SOjHH'lKH, y.neWCHO je ua BOjHH'lKH Ha'lllU H CTOjH non KOMaHIlYjyhHM
.%

rCHCpaJlOM y CnaBoHHjH, KOMCjc pen:OBHO CCD.HWTCy Ocesv, aJIH KO;H je Y OCTaJlOM nonnoxaa 6e'flCOM D.OOPCKOMpaTHOM caBcry H en aera nobaja napetena KaKO na nccrvna. Y pYKaMa orpanupa CV KaKO npasocvte TaKO M calf jaBHH noCJIOBH06J1aCTH. OUH naxnc eopajv 6lITH yllyhcHM HC caao y BOjHMI.JKIf 1I03HB, aer-o H y nononpnepenv M cpHHaHcHjc, na '1aK M y npaBO. Jep OHH ,!.:lCJ1e paszv V rpabascxae n H KpHBHI.JHHMCTBapHMa, 6V.1l.ytl.H.1I.a OIm peaoaae 'CYZlHjc oojHHKa cy H CBHX OCTaJIHX CTaHOBImKa KOjH CC 6HJIO Y rpanoeaaa 6aBC rpabaHCKHM IIOCJIOBHMa 5MJ10 y CeJII.lMa CTO'lapcTBOM H aeMJbOP3.,!lJWM. He MO)Ke CC nopeha 113je y OBHM DOjHHM .11.11C1pHKTHMa YllCWCHO CBC VpellHHjC H 6oJ],C Hero y )l(ynaHHjaaa. Bnanapcse OllPC1l6c H vonurre cae HOBC MCpC M "PO"MCH KOjH HMajy aa CBpxy aanpenax H 6oJ],HTaK 3CMJbC, na npeaa TOMC finarccraae noaaaaxa, HC caao IIITO ce 6eJ cnopoem H OKJICB3H>asao y )I()'I1aHHjaMa, «aepuiaaajv C BOJbOMM npeaao, . aero ce, H nourro cy veeneac, aKTHBHO H vnopao cnposoze." To tic CBaKaKO 6lITH H jeliaH on vapoxa WTO CTaHOBHHUH llaJICKO pamje )KHBe y provineiale Hero y militare. Jcp Hmp Mp3H ypC,UHOCTH ollYImpe ce CBHM aoaorapajaea H HC n03HaBajyhH MX: OH BOIDI na OCTaHC OHaKO KaKO je BH.nCO, <IVO H HaY'"lHO on ona. § 31. QHaj lICO npaaae KOjM jc roaaae 1747, n:06Mo rpabaacxo yCTpOjCTBO, HJllI provinciale, nOD,eJhCHje aa 'I"pH "lKynaaaje MJlH KOMHTaTa. Jeaaa rpopoeaja lfJIH IICynaHHja (comitatus, HJIHPCKH stolize) Man» je nee 3eMJ],C na KOMC ce naJ1a3H H3nCCTaH 6poj II1ICMHnKHX HMaH>a na-n KOMOPCKHX.11;06apa, vrapbea,a, Kpa.n.CBCKHXcnofonaax rpanoea H 06w·IHHx rpanoaa, H KOjHM V «paneeo HMC ynpa8Jha jClI,aH SpXOBHH
~7 To 'litHe oojHIl'IKa 1l000000HOCT, IlIlCUIIIIJD!HBII I1pIfTHC3K.Cel.! ra, y militare liMa MHOro eaine ~HUlHXII HHlKHXoc.pllUHpa Hero urro prQvincialeKpaJ:bCBCKIIX'lIlHOB!lHKa.360rrorajeOH.llCIl!l.llJOpOUITpl1jltIt yBOtiCH.CifOBIIXII KOPIICHIIXMcpailailCKOilaKWCHcroYlKyn3lmjaMa,fllcje yHBllJOpH(lMOCo6J:byI1PIlJlI1'1HaOCKYllHua

militare

rojc y

~a aerupn cnaxaavsa JOBy cc Ilaspau, Ilapvaap, l1J1oK II K\fTjcllO, 011KUJIIXJC110000emt.1I I1plll1BOKpa.n.YIl30CTaBIIHejC3ym-3

130

I3l

rJXKP (Obergraj) rnll:l mils comes).11H Hajenaa

aenaxa )!(ynaH (Obergespann) (supre)!(ynaHHja aaje sacnenaa HHTH csonxao y Mauapcxoj," Hero csaKY

'1aHa ca KaKBOM noxaurhv,

Bcnaxor )!(ynaHa I-!McHyje xpan.; cac npvre <lHHOBHHKe 6Hpajy MarHaTH H n.JleMHI'lH nOCelUlHUH. Ho, BeJlHKH )!(ynaH npHnHKOM caasor H360pa npennaxe TJXIjHUY, on KOjHX ce

«pan no CBOMe HaxolJeH.Y noaepaaa jeD,HOM MarHa-ry KOjH Y TOj )!(ynaHHjll aopa HMani HMaH.a. Y npaDHHM H CYD.CKHM craapaea nOD.JIe)!(yCBeTPW Kpaneacxoa HaMecHHWTBy y IToHaMeCHHllITny )!(YHY, a y CSllM llpynfM CTBapHMa Kpanescsou

Sapa

[cnaa. CaH '1HHOBHHWI Mopajy 6HTH llJlCMltlili " Y TOj )!(ynaHltjlt HMaTH HMalioa. rOllltHe 1777. CBH cy KOMHTaTCKli "IHHOUHIiUH 6HJlll pobeua Mauapa, XPll3TIt H HCMUH, nOllITO CJ1anOHUHjour Helie na ec ocnocoonaeajv aa TaKBa aeana, na PCTKO y<lc H J1aTHHCKH jC3HK, na KOM CC 06aBJba echnea no§ 32. Mauapcsa, Heeavsa, opauuvcsa. EHrJ1eCKa H raxo nanc paj cy aa npaaoaacrvrtaaee II a.Il.BOKaTC,1I1I epeno ana 'lHCTHJ1HllITe -ry)!(HOUHMa. Y Cnaeonuja MehlfTHM a,u,BOKam H npoevparopa yMHpy on rnaaa. Ha"l{HH aa KOjH ce .IlCJUf npasaa, HnH npaaocvbe, vpctea je caCBHM [eaaocraeao H npHpo.n.HO. MYllpoJ1Hje JYCTIlHHjaHoBC Ii IhCrOBOra cyMaHyrora TpH60HHjaHa HeMajy cane HHKaKDa mavaja.w' Hero caao crapn t(CCTHTH3eMa.JLCKM 06Ht(ajH H xauapcxa 33KOHHK, Ha3BaH Jus tripanitium. Y npeaenaaa BOjHH'lKIlM cae npaaue cnvvajeee peuraeajv 6eJ oxaeaarea H oxonauren,a, KaKO fianc na Sane, O¢HUHPH, KojH ce He D.p)!(e HHKaKBHX npaBHHX H3MHlliJhOTHaa. KpHBH'IHe cnvsajcae 6p30 peuraea BOjHH cy.n., 'IaK «an je

y 3arpe6y (Sagrab) HJlH Arpaxv Y XPBaTCKOj. KOMHTam MOpajy naxne y Da)!(HHM CJlY'lajeBHMa CJIaTH aaeeurraje .n.eJlOM y Mauapcev .n.enOMy XpnaTCKY, npexa npnpona CTBap", H onaune npHMaTH. uapezfe KaKO na rtocrvnajv. Y CBaKOM KOMHTaTY, KaKO y Cnaaoua]a TaKO 1I y MeUaPCKOj H Xpaarcsoj, HMa je.naH Be.JllfKII xvnan, KOjH npHMa 1000 TaJJHpa ronaunse, aJlH y CrraBOHHjH ra 06",-IH0 neea, 1 noaxvnaa

(vice-comes),

KOjH y CTBapH BO.!l.HCBe nocnoae,

Mopa npHcYCTBOBaTH.H3BpWeH.Y Ka3He Han; 3JI0'lHHWlMa, H npHMa 600 q,oPHlfIlI; 1 nopeaaax (Rentmeister oder Etnneh-

mer) (perceptor), KOjH ynpaDJDa KOMHTaTCKOM KaCOMH npuMa 300 q,oPHHfll rtnarc: 1 cexperap (notarius) ca HeKonHQHHOM noncexperapa (vice-notarit) H ca 300 $lPHHTH nnare; 4 npXOBHe cY.!l.Hje (Oberstuhlrichter) (suprerni judices) II 4 HH)!(e cY.ll.Hje (Unterstuhlrichter) (vice-judices nohilium), OHH ca 100 nurHpa a OBH caeo ca 50 $lPHHTH nnare: HMajy MebyrnM
HeKHX cnopenaax np"XOlla. Ilopea H.KX 1l0J1a3" jow 1 KaneTaH (Hauptmann) KOjll npeasoza KOMlITaTCKCnaH.llVpe H xycape; xao H HellITO npvrax HH)!(HX 'lHHOBHHKa.

orrrvaeea Kaxo

»eaa.

ce 3 )!(ynaHHje cacroie all nneMHhKHX HMaH.a xoja HMajy aacnenac CYllCKO npaeo, TO ce y provinciale eenaea npaenax craapa pcuraaa npea cnaxajcea» CYllODHMa. AKo ce

IIJIIIWndvogl

'IK)KynaHlljCYCBHMMauapcKIIM3e1ollWlM3CVIICTOIlCTlICKaOIlCTllpc IICMa'IKC Gaugrafschaflen. II DCJ1I1KIIlKyn311 [e 0110 ~ jc 6110 Gaugraf Mory ce ynoPCJIIITII II ce lIallaW",IIM umdvog/eyen. Kreisen, Aemlem II Pflegerich/elf, na jc raxn BCJlIIKII lKynaH KrelsMUplmamJ, Wndpfleger. Am/mann

II~IMauapcsa HMa IIcry uccpchv sao II HCMa'l~a za 1bC3HHO npaeo KOjC 360r napHII'IapcKC CTpaCTIi cr3I10BHHKa, KOjC 360r MHor06POJ~Hx CYlIOBaII 3aKOIl3,HH)C'1BpCTO1l0BC3aHO,na611 CCC3qy8ilJlOOIlCJJY'l3jC8a CYKIXia II C8abaJlHIlITBa 113MCby cYlI08a. 01111 cV nO.ll.llrnH npeero K3K0_Y ~~:PCKOj TIlKO II Y HCM3'1KOj, a npen TAM npecrcnoe TY*IfTCJbIl M0p3JY cvbc,
caM

'1'1 Y Mauapcsoj]c accct ",ynallllja 113C!1CIIIIO, CTaJlC ~plln~ajv O 61icKvnlljaMa 1i1lH BIiCOKOM)lP"'3UIIOM 'IHHy. HCUIT(l M3J10 IIX Jc KOJC .aplKli Kpan.

K30llCTpaHa

ja V CBOjOj Verlheidigung derer H(Jildlsrechle, ""elche 1m! der weslphahSdJeJI Reichsfc.I·te. der Burg ZII Wul!telJ hllllen, I Band, crpaaa 158, HOTa b, 229. npyrorlll}laHklo.a 1768.

101 KaKO jc HC','MCCIIOylliMarnTYDe

npaeo

oa rybcr

Hapolla

nOK

33lIO

132

133

crsap TH'ie KaKBQr cenasa nneaana (armalista), H,y KaO llITO TpC6a pewasajy nO)!)I(ynaH H cYJulje (Stuhlrichrer) y HMe BJIaCTeJUIHCTSaxa KOMe ce HaJIa3H rureaaneeo HMaH,e. Ilocne 06a n.rreMHl'iKa cvaa MO)l(e: ce anenoaara aa )l(ynaHHjcKH cy~ a rtocne aera Y'H3BeCHJ.lM cJlY'lajeBHMa sa KpaJbenCKY Ta611Y. H CJl060)lHH rpan Iloxera HMa caoj rpancaa cvn, nocne xojer CTBapR, rasote, nonaae ripen Kpa.JbeIlCKY Ta6J1Y. Ilvxoaae CTBapR TII<J:Y ce lliIH anaaoaa aartanae J.f.II}t RCTO'lHe upKBe. Y npOOM cnvvajv pemaaajv ce npen 6HCKYIICKOM KOH3HCTOPHjOMY Baxoaapv R lIIa.JLY ce 3aTIlM KaTOlIH'IKOj apxH6HcKynHjH y Mauapcxci. AmI y lIpyroM c.ny'lajy cnanajy CTBapH aa enapxajcsv KOH3HCTOPHjy y Flaepattv H'Ha apXHenJ.lCKOIICKY y KapJlOBUHMa y CpeMy.1I12
IlpaOOJaCTYIIHHU,H H aaBOKaTII HHCy oene HH H3)laJIeKa TaKO MHor06pojHH sao y Mauapcsoj.re J!!P OHM cane HMajy MaJIO nocna, 1I0llITO cy y ClIaBOHHjH peTKH sa)l(HH cnopoaa Ii MaCHe rtapanue. A Hnapa HMajy H napa na ceoje CTSapH Ilpe.D. cY.D.OMII 6e3 6paHHTeJba BellITO oopauosce II fipaae. § 33. Y CBeTOBHHM cnoposaaa H KPHBH'iHHM cnvsajeaaaa aa ClIaBOHIJ:e KaTOJlH'IKe H rpee Bepe, aKO cy CBeTOBHor cranecsa, HCTa je BpXOIlHa WlaCT, cvanje Ii JaKOHH. Arm CBH ClIaBOHUlf H vormrre CBH H.rIHPH KOjH cy ce HaCeJlHJIH Y Mauapcxna JeMJbaMa{H3YJeBlIIH EpJl.eJl,) a nparranajv rp-nroj up102 KOH3ltcropHje rp~Kllx 1lJI3.t1.JtKa pernaBajy cue JlV~ORHCnpcnaere, aa np'wcp IWCyrJr3CIIUC 0 ua}f(HocTII6paKa II OCTaJlIIX CBCTIIXnjllll. One cc 6alle UPI<;BCHOMJJ:IICUlln}IIlHOM,CYJJ:C OCMCfhItBaH.Y aenoctojaux apXIIMaH,opltra, nonoea It JJ:pyrIlX, cacnvuranajv JJ:YXOSHItlCC. 6pllHy CC 0 Jlt1l3lDY 1I0~IIX II O.llP)l(311l1lDY CT3pllX upsaaa- «ancna Il lDlIXOBIIX vrsapa. Y .IlY)I(HII'lKIIM crmpoBlllota OIlC CTaIllMJY ltyXOBU.HKCY npsrraop II CJIH'lHO. V KapJ1OaUHM3 Jc ypcbeH3 BpXO~H3 KOH3HCTOpIIJ3 npen ~ojy 3neJI3Ulljoiot JlOCnCBajy npeJtMCTII '. ~BHX 7 enapnqcsux KOH3I1CTOpHJa. vpeteae TII.X JlYlIOBHIIXcYJJ:oBaOnWnpHo rc nponacano H.I1HPCKH.MeiYIIDMCIII7iOM, VIIl O.llCJLaK,CTp311355 JJ:O P 87. 103 Y MauapcKOJHM3 MHOUfTlIOaJlBOK3n,aJlIIOHIICYH norpconujcp liMa Mlloro napnuna, napovaro J60r rpaumta. Crajc aanc MYKC a jour MafbC cTY.Illlpitfl,a H Y'lCIlOCTIl Ita 611 ce nocrano aJlBOK3T. 40BCK caao nO.l1O)l(1I 3HKJ[CT8YJJ:HCC3aTOOcchaCIl(lC(lOaH

KBH cro]e aenocpenuo nOLI U. K. I1.JIHPCKOM.D.BOPCKOM )!enyTaUHjoM y Eie<J:Y,11UKO ce cntap TH'Ie aepe H npaaaneraja a anapcxor aapona. Ilpen Ilaopcev nenvrauajv )lOJI3.)e H craapH rpssor CBellITeHCTBa, 6HJ1o na cy H3 aojaax 06naCTH, MJIM )l(y"aHHja. HOBO vpeteae He OIDIOCH ce caao aa ClIaBOHHjy, Hero H aa cae aauapcse 3eMJbe avcrpajcxor .uOMa,1115 paHo 3VM.lbHIlO je cave no ce6H .D.aCBe CTBapH xoje ce TH<J:YBepoHCnOBe.D.aH>a,caBCCTH, cJIY?K6e Soaorje H mrrypmjc, rra ce npeea TOMe onnoce na nvxoase nOCJIOBe, HCKlbY'IHBO H jemHO 06aBJbajy rratpajapx H aerpononar y K~pnOBUHMa H rp'lKe 8JIa.n.HKe. Ko HHje Ja.LtOBOJLaHO.n.nyKOM HJ1HpcKe naopcxe nerryrauaje, MO)l(e IIh» rtpen npecro II I10TY)I(HTH ce caMOMC BJJallapy.II)I\ HaKO ce npasa I1.JIHpa, xoja HMajy CHary H aa)l(HQCT HC caao y ClIaBOHHjH, Hero H y CBHM MauapcKHM JeMlbaMa (myJeBlIIH Epaen), oaaoce y cntapH CaMO na c.no6o.uy CaBeCTH, aepoacnoaecr H upKBeHO yCTpojCTBO, H yrapl'lyjy HX, OHa anax jaxo ym'ly aa '1lITaBO vcrpojcrso aeaee, xoje je y.uelIIeHO CXO,llHOTIlM npeeaaa. OBH cy uapeBH )laJIH TC npHBHJIemje:1U7 a) nap Jleononn, 2. anpHJIa II 21. aervcra 1690, 6) JOCHcp, 7. aarvcra 1706, a) Kapno VI, 2. aarvcra 1713, r) Mapaja Tepeaaja, 24. anpana 1743. H Hapo'llfTO 14. <pwpyapa 1763. roaaue. Ocae -rora CBe cy 're noanacraue H cysmne jow je.D.Hot.! norapteae 2. jaavapa 1777.1~ 104H.I111pcKazecpcxa lten'{T3Ullja OCHOBaHaje uajnpe J767. y KOP"CT 11.11l1pa.Oaa CC C3CTOjll O.D.jenaor npeJJ:CC.IlIlHKa,IICKOJIHKO CaECTIlIlK3, 1 ce1<~~ga
MeHlliy, HHJI=~~ ~~:":~~,B~IH~~~aI<;, naparpadr 2. aa CTpaHII 6 1(1[\ Baj pcevpc je I1nllplIMa H3pll'!llTO norryurrelt y PC~CHOMPeiylUl' O [O.llCJLaK,§ I,CTp. 5. 107 OpHrHH3JlH0BltX nOllllaCTHIUI aanaoe ce v apxaenacxoncsoa apxaKapnOBUllllla II urraxnann cy ca C.IleJJ:ehIDIuamacoe: Privilegw per lmperatores. Leopoldum. Iosephum et Carolum VI. nec non Mariom

By y divot There.liam na/ioni lIIyrico-Rascianoe CnnCCI'Saet confirma/a, die 24. Apr. 1743; 411 no rasesa infol.
1(1llTn jecr HOIlliM HJII1PCKIIMPeIYlIllMeHiUOM, § 1. CTp. 5.

134

135

paja,

§ 34. Kaso je pISMO vpebena ncnaunja y varaeoj HnaHe oceha HHKO 50Jbc 011 onora KO nvrvjc Kp03 TC naan,e

npeeo

Ma'laKa,"l

Ii

aa caaxojaxe

npvre

Ha'lliHC; npeHOCe [e

3eMJbC. Cnanouaja jc «paneenaa 6C3 noeoaa y6ofl1x Ii 60JIHHQa, 6e3 crapavrnx noaoea If naaapera, 6e3 rtonpaaananrra H JlY!lHMQa, 6eJ rocrnonana, 6cJ CI{JX>'131ICKHX !lOMOBa, 6e3 6a61{Qa, 6e3 YCTa({OBa aa raurcse noscapa; YKpaTKO, Sea ceera
WTO jC!lHa aaxap ocpcnae ypetena nOnJ1ultj3 ororax vaona «ao creapa uconxome H HyIKHC. KaKO JIM 6H ce vnna, WHO KaKaB pIl3Ma)f(CHH napH)f(aHlfH KaD. 6H ra cy.a6HHa 6auana y 3CMJbY rnc ({CMa rtoaopnurra, crveaor ceera (beau monde), raanaaaua, HCMa soauepara, «one aa YHajMJbI1BaH.c, uocana, TanaUl1paHI1X coca H CJlH'IHI1X napxcxax cmapa ueonxomnx 33 )f(HBOT.

oaor

§ 35. Sa )f(aJbcu.e cy cnc 3eMJl,C xojc ce rpaHl-l'{e ca TypCKOM. Jcp OHC HlfCY 113J(0)[<CHC caao Ile04CKI1BaHI1M opy"lKaHHM vnanaua aero If KY"lKHOj 60nCCTI1. Kon QCMaHa je BOjHH'[Ka .!Il1CQIHTJlI1Hapbana, a jaHHyapH I1Majy aCOMa Mancuy nna'rv. rra If Til jc nopcn rora npnc HCypCllH3 I{ xccro nyro He CTIOI(C. rJlan. Ii o'mjaH,C [larOlIH tHUI,aJbync na naopveaaa npecv ~a aycTplfjcKo 3CMJbHWTC,II)<) xapajv, fUba'lKajy 11«panv, 11 no611]y CBe IlJTO CC cvnporcrann,a; KOjOM npHJlHKOM OCTaBlhajy nOKaTKfllla Kyry aa vcnoaeav. QHa 1I0na311 H Oll 3apa"lKCHOr aaaavxa, «ao 11 C po60M, IIII nyrHHUHMa, na veurhe H
I~'" K~.~ TyPCKI~JanOOCIII!HK npeactu IlTTa CCClTpcMa, onaax onOMHIhC aYCTpHjCKOJa.naO!ll!jOIl1l<1nalHltml4HCTHHC3!ll!HcrocrenpaxoMHOJ!OEII)M. Hit nOpraHCMllpltMIlOroaKOYTHMnpHilHKJMa6y.ncy6HjcHo JOOjaHH4apa. JClIHOM.y WltHHH npHpcbYJY rypcKcJ!abc 9njl!l!4KC oc)l;fic HII CaBH. nOfOA OI!CTpaJY.HCKOllltK<lCTOnmaCJ!UIIOHCICHxrpaIl1l4apaMapUlHpallanyti>CllltX :yU!a!~t~'~:n::~~;b~~~~~~~~~~

ua nplfMCp xapaaajc H TaKO nane, «an npenaae 1f3 TYPCKC npcKO rpaHI-IUC, He06I1'1HOM npoaamourbv 60)!(jOM, aeaapa"lKyje CC HHIlJTa llITO '{OBeKY CJlV"lK1i aa jenou nane. Braner je 3CMJbarue aoxaape HUJlCKC, xeapeha ce, craapajv Kyry; oaarne CC OHa Wl1pli V cae TYPCKe 3eMJbe.112 11a 6w ce OBa crpauraa aapaaa O1I6Hna 0,11CnaBOHHje, npHMCH.yjV ce pa3He «epc «oje crajv aoeana, Spare H MVKe, H 0,11 xojax je aajrnaanaja na HC cauo CBH nyrHHUH, 'iHM npebv CaBV H crvnc aa cnaBOIICKO me, uopajv y oneojeea» arpanaaa H3Jlp)!(am xapaHTHH, nero J.! na CC caa rproaa'lKa JX>6a, cne Sane J.! rracaa, nOllITO I1X OTBOPC aaxnera '1MHOBHHUH, caaxor nasa lIHMC If li3JIa"lKY aa CVHue. H vroa TYpcKlfX CBlfH>3 rpa)((H BenHKY onpc3HOCT. Kan Kvra craapao xapa V cycellCTsy Cnasoaa]e, onpe3 cc y,11BOCTy'laBa Ii KapalITHH 'rpaje 6 HClICJba I1nH 42· naaa: I1Ha'iC caao vrtona TonMKO. Ko ce Kpan.OM nJX>DVYCa He H31Ip"lKH r a, raj, npeMa okonaocmua 11 npcaa aaaanaaoj onaCHOCTH on 3ap,13C,'611Ba Ka)!(H.eH capnv. Kan. 611 6HJlO 1I0nY!lITCHO na po6a 11 rrvraaux [<OjH AOJla3C 113TYPC1(e npenaae CJIaBOHCKYrpaHI1UY rne xohe, 61fJl() 611 TCWKO CnpC1.[I1TH cc KO He PDf'''p3Jl.C. H3 OBHXH npvrxx na pa3JIora onpcteaa CV caao 4 MeCTa npeso xojax ce rrvurrajv nyrHI1UH Ii 'rvpcxa poria: TO cv 3eMYH, MHTpOBMUa, D~lI H Fpaaauma, serapa rpanuxna MCCTa aa JlCBOj o6aJJI1 Case. nynmUH H rproaa'lKa JX>6a, xan erumy OHaMO, oxaax ce
III npoD.OpIf" HCyrmtlllfll orpca KyfHll pa.!lOCC3iIIijl)l(aaay MII4HjCM Kp3Hy; na KaKO cc Ma'IKC lIohy CKltT3jy 113~'Vhe y Kyhy IlJIIi 113cera y CCJlO, TaKO It npcHOCC .J.<tpa3y113MCCTaY MCCTO. 112 V cea 'tempH ncna coon HMa aeurpaeux JCM~. Ila HnaK cc·ryra IIChHIlOM 3a.IIP)l;3ua y Tvpcxo]. OB.ilC IIltcy npcnv-crc jOIll. HHK3K8C janllc nporuesrcpc. lIa~o "lola noponrrua KOjC cc BHIllC IIC npenvurralv CYIlGHHH,sao npc. Hero HacTOje aa CCca4VsajyOil aapamor O1pO!IlI. 3apa)l(CHIITypIlH HC ocrajv y ~PClICry aero CBaKH nail HlJl33C. arra IIOCC 6nm:~HII't~H ryp6all. O() KO,",C ce IItllHaJly. Vc.nc.n xperaua OHH co novnnc 3HOJC na 4CCTO cnacv JlCHi!tlT,1I0K$paHUIl HilHHH0CTp311H xpHluhIlHH,K31l6YJJ.VJapaJICcHII,nonJ13UI~HII J1efllY y KpcDCT na yMpy.

oa KOja ;apaJHa. TC roltHHa~la 4y!lll ceGIl Kyry; aa nouaec BYHa, na~IYl', H Ilryro. "yra K~Ji!je CTpaUIHO nwrounum Mapccn, II TyJloll 0.11. 72[).Ilt) [ [72>. npcHCCCl!ajey<llpaHHYCKYlianelltlMy]('pKnM naMyt\"aKnjl!jcjclUIH TpfO!IlIU .nOHCIly ucnv 113C~lItPIiC. Jell:!11 aycrplljCKI! u¢>ltUllp. Ka.nje 1l01ll1l0 HJ:YI~K<.'nalllllPJlCaOKapall.rltIlH6ltoJllpaB.npcHcoje svrv v Mauapcsv Kllh<l!lKOM 113tafuLH; KOrtlAjCllllTaK:toKllhaIlKy . .J.<tpaJHOCC

rc

~~7~~ajJ
v

1T~~~:):~:'~a~;:~~

co-

136

137

eone y TaK03BaHe xoarvaane, rne npaa IfMajy ,n:a 1f3.1lPJKe nponacaaa xapaaraa rum xoarvaau, a OBa na ce o-mcra; If TO non HamoPOM jemor nexapa, jenner paaapa H arrorax KOHTYMa.u:KIfX 'lHHODHHKa.lIl nOWTO ce onaa TYpcKa po6a If nacaa aa npomrcaaa Ha'llfH mxarana aa cvnue If venme KaJlIfJIa 1IIfMOM, po6a ce Oller aanaxvje H urane nane, a IlHCMa ce nOHOBO aanesare nesaroa 3llpaBCTBeHOr CaBeTHHKa, na soMe croja u:aPCKH opao ca KPY)l(HHM aamacoa sigillum sonitaus. na ce KYpllpoM lllaJhy Y Be-r, a onarne nOWTOM nane aa HeMa'IKY, nOJhCKY <I>paHu.yCKY, XOJIaH.!llljv, EHrJIecKV, naHcKY U TaKO nan,e. 3.upaBCTBellll caBeTHUK y Cnaeoaaja, xoja sao J.I CDIf ocrarra croja non 6e'IKOM CaHHTeTCKOM nenvrauajox, IfMa na BOlIn pa'fYHll 0 CBHM MepaMa aa o1l6HjaJl,e xvre. OH aenpeCTaHO IfMa na H3DeWTaBa y Ee'l onana JlH xvra y Tvpcxoj ana paCTe, npeMa 'IeMY nenvratraja crpahvje IfJJIf npon;yJKyje apeMe KOHTYMaua, a npcraaaepe ce y6JlalKallajy IfJIIf ncourrpaaajv. Kpajea roaase 1776. V aaraaoj eaponcxoj TYPCKOj aaje Sano xvre: c.JIY'Iaj spajae peaas! Hcsvcaa nexapa aanaaana cy aa 4 KOmyMaUKa cnaeoacxa MeCTa na evra, npeMa rrpapona Jhy.ncKor rena, nenvje aa nsa aasaaa: ce KpB 0.0: Hoe aarno arpvura, IfJIH ce nomvHO pa3BOlIHH (coagulando vel resoivendo sanguinem). "4HM y jecea IfJIH y 3HMY nanae npDIf cuer-, 3apa3a npecraje H nomacr ce aaare He lllllpll. MebYTlfM OHH KOjH je Ben IfMajy, aopajv vapera 6eJ cnaca. Y JIeTO ce Kyra nOHOBO npeHOCH H3 Emma Y EBPOrry. Hajosyuranaja cpezcraa IIpoTIlB 3apa3e jecy na 'IOBeK OCTaHe XJ18.l1HOKpBaH o1l6aun CBaKH crpax, na If ce norrtvno V.3.JlP)K1f n xeca H na xaoro nvma: rpa cpezcraa o nOMony xojax MHom OCMaHIf ocrajv 1I0TrryHO 3.1l.paBJ.I.

§ 36. Bojna MOrJlO MHCJIHTll

cana CJIaDOHCKa xaoro je java HO tllTO 61-1ce jeaaoj cnafo aacexenoj aeana. Jep noWTO

cv CnaBOHUH on rrpnpoze CKJIOHH Petv H BOne na cJlyJKe sao BOjHHUH, TO «paseaaaa, H 6e3 06311pa aa cna6y HaCe.JbeHOCT, MOlKe y cny'lajy norpete cacaa» JIaKO na zarue 30.000 ThylIIf.114

Hapoma rryKOBH (die National-Regimenter) CJIaBOHCKHX rpanasapa jecy: 1) Jlerpoaapanascxa, 2) Bponcsa H 3) Fpanmnea perHMema, 'evv jour npanoeoe H 4) c.naDOHCKH xycare. Tplf npre cy neuraaajcxe, CBaKa ce cacroja 0)]; 'IeTIlpH 6aTaJhOHa, 6aTaJhOH on 6 «oenaaeja, a jemra KOMnaHHja aa BpeMe MHpa 0)]; oropnnase 200 n;yrna, xoje npensohe je,n:aH saneraa, usa najrnarrra, jenaa 3aCTaBHHIC If 6 nonopauspa. Xvcapcxa pemMema Spoja aa speee MHpa 2000 Jhyn;u H TaKO je noopo CHa611eBeHa KOH>HMa, na 'IeCTO 06H'IaH xycap HMa no !pH K.OH.a, KOjH CBaK ce6H aopa Ha6aBHTH H onpacaaara. OBH xvcapa aaajv sao CBH xycapH rpaHH'IapH He caao Kapa6HH, naurron,e H catcsv, Hero H KOJ1Jhe, lCOjHM y rryHOM raJlony MOry na norene 'ramrp, xao 'llITO rau CaM BH)leO 1776.

roaane.
11 4 CJIaBOHc!Ce, kao H OCTa.T'l-!X18 avcrpajcxax rpaHH'IapcK.HX peraaeara'» «oje y aauapcaaa 3eM.JMLMa lIITIITe rpaHHUy H 'IHHe onmrtaa 6e.ueM Jl1X}THB OCMaDa, HMajy caCBHM nocecao ypeoeH>e. CBe cy ORe cacraaaeae 0)]; BOjHHxa rpaHll'lapa !COjH no JIoHr06apllcKOM KJIerneHH'IKOM npasv
114 Mvumapua nopacna aa OOjCKY It KOjll MOry.!UI aoce llyrnKy 'lIiIlC Y CBIIM 3CMn.aMa 'lCTIlp111 nco CTaHOBIIHllITa. MebYl"HM, 6eJ urrere 110 3eMn.OpaJlfhy II rpatescse aanarc MOlKC ce 33 parxv c.rrylKfiy vnorpetarra caxo oCMlllleoCBHXCTaHOaHHKa. Y~Mellllcc30.000C!JaBOllaua ocaa nvra, acrrana 240.000 CTaHOBHIIK3,He BHWC. 11\ Y XPBaTCKOj, OJaOOlllljll, Epllcn.y II TCMIIWB3PCKOM gaaarv 11M3 vonnrre ccmaaaecr rpaHfl'lHflX ncw3JlltjcKliX perllMelITll II rrer ~fIIM(l1ITll norpeae'max xvcapa- Te 22 peraacare, «oje ca epeae Mllpa fipojo 60.000 JhYlll1 a ae 4 l1e.Qen.c Mory Ita cc ncechajv aa 100:000, H~ JOBy ce 1I0.K3KBOM Il)'KOBlIlIKyllJllI rCHCpa.rry, Hero Ofill'lHO no KarrOOJ CTapo)TBpbaBH KOja,lelKlI YfhllXllBojiloilaCTIi

"JIll

III OJaooHcKH KOmyMallKIl 'DtIlIlBIlHUII3 xapovaro KOHTYMallKIl MOMUII, KOjllfiaJlerpfOBa'lKCOnapaJYllpUII3lKY.llelKllBeJtYl"0,lIerOIlMOllaJo;e rpoJlIlIUe ~II '1aK II cava Kyra rrpexpare lK1I8OT; oaaa H.lfXOBe vnoeaue II .Qcua.Q06Hj3jYIIOKnOHnOJlIIMeIlOMCllpll'lallCKOrTaJlllpa(Wahenthaler).

138

139

YMCCTO

nnare

HMajy

3eMJl,HUITe.lI~

OTYli

061t'lHH

sojHHUH HMalH HJaby

He

CeM

npaerajv
joj 06J1aCTH, HHUH.

HHKaKSY y

Mary joj

cae
je

tora

y CJlaBoHHjH HCMUH no cy

HMa

jour

H HCMa'lKHX KOjH cy

eauap-

D.OK CC perHMCHTa AnH lIpyrl'l H '11n.1

y CBOH3 're

CKHX pcrHMeHTH.

KOH>aHHLUI,

rto

)f(ynaHH-

06nacm

KOjOj

npHMajy cy

cenaurre. nnarv sao H CSH

McbyrnM nnallcHH lIpyrHx

jaaa
Jep

1)' H TaMO,

UCJla '1CTa HlIH

110 nona

'1eTC, CMClIITCHH

SOjHHUH

H KOHMlHO

O¢HUHPH MaH>C

aa apeae
Jcp

V xacapaaaa;
nOlIITO CC SPCllOM

MHpa,1I1 H H>HM3 CSH

aeurro

on

(xj:mUMpa nojHHuliMa,

pcranearn.
nojHHUH, cy

je,
TH

Mauapn '1HHC rtocanv rapbaaa H neruaua CV·121 naponae perHMeHTC vopajv 6aSHTH nononpaHe Mory

xao aa

H 3CMJLOpanH>OM,

cc vnorpedeaaara

xao

no-

H 06H'.fHHM

1I0DeJbCHO

3eMJbHUlTC.

rpaHH'IapH,

H OCPHUHPH CBY

H 06"'1HH Opyll\jCM

6H Ha6aBJbaTM pa'lyH

ocpesv.

aopajv caaa cenonvurc cHa611cSCHH

cane repteea.
jajy

pcrHMCHTCKC

«ace, a.lm ra nocno rora non npvraa

oTfUJaIlHDaTH. y DlaDoHHjH H XpBaTBOjHC 06J1acTH ayc-rpHjcKH

§ 37, je on
DOJl.CHe JOsy

TIorlITO TYPCKC

DClIHKC C

pose
c.rry)Ke

OKPYlKYjy

KpaJLeOHHY ce

Ii

oaeaH

jvru

If liCTOKa,

vopa

oaa

LUTHTHl'H

HMCHOM

vopajv

IIOCTcnCIiO cv

ca
ry If J),OM. Jep TC pernMCH-

crpaae.
a

3a 000

ranaje

KOjC. ce Y

Apxanem)lYHas

Haeecao
CKOj nCJlHKa TC, KOjHX a HMa

jc na 15 aa »orv

Sayken,
«oja
me HllH ce

sa

)lYHaoy

Tschaiken,

KOLt OCMaHa.

nparoueaocr aa
6pojy,ll~ ce, 6e3 TaKO

Taca,

.nCJIH cnajajy

Mauapcsv
y KOjH

on Teanuraapa,
lKynaHHjH

06pa3yjy

aa
3C-

He

CTajy

aa apeae
'1HIIC

MHpa

HI1UITa,

aecrv
MJhoy3 'l'{BCHH,

aa speae para
apeaeaa,
BOjHHUH He peDOSHHX

MYKe,

rpouixa
na

OKO Op60BKC

H ryfubeOJ),

nourax

aauapcxo] aacrauviv
H ca yrao

Bacs jenan
H B1IacH,

Hnapa oacena

H KOjH uapa

HMl

nojavara
CraHoBHHuH

aojcxv

80.000

aeti paaaje

y § l5

OnHCaHH

PHMCKH

uraneu

JLYllH bCHH Dane KOjHM coojy

l"pyna. H HMajy

THX 06nacm

CSH cy

aapaao

IKHJlaBO

'reno,

KOMe paTHC CCM

WKOllC.

Oaa

H He BOllC

HHUlTa

.!lpyro

paaeopveja,

llHoKJIeLUIjaHa,

aaraapa
BMHKH

aaneza

on Mauapcse.

Oaaj

npHJ1H'lHO nOHOBO

on MallHX Hory. ITa «an nobv y rtocrauv OJ), H>HX aa KpaTKO npeae aaspcna nojHHWI KOjH C panoumv rronaac aa 6ojHo rronc,uv 6e3 crpaxa vnaae y 6HTKy H TaKOcy OCpHH CSOjHM aacraaaaa, na ce neseprnpaa,c «on H>1iX cearpa xao OllBpaTaHnopoe.t» Hajrope je WTO 0 MIiXOJLY nae lKype C paraurra KyfiaMa, na
CC BpC;Um sCIK6ajy HapoDHY perHMCHTY, 6H 06paJl.HlIH 3CMJLy. Ilh Flpcaa TOMC, Oflfl cy mililes limitanei el feruwlarii. OcMafill IlMajy TlIKohcrpaflll'lape.fla3llaflCserrurkuly. II? Mcbyo4>flUllpllM3 flMa nplIJIll'lfiO HCMHua.11 KmtaHJ<ona!bCjc y CBIlM pcrllMCflTaMa ua HCMB4KOM. II~ Tn jeer II perllMClfT1l y Xpearcxoj II 4 Y Cna8l1Hlljll. Mcby TIlX IS aaeaac cc a a pcraecare xvcapa 11911cm 11OnerpcK"ojll '1I1HII11<1 OCM31111 ooncooj,rojeCTHan.<I y rrncn, lIana31l cc Il son Caasoaaua Il xpeara. 1211Anll aKOCcnCCIl na rpauaaap acacprepa, Kyha ,,-ynYllCCPYWCII3 3J1(CH3HJlCuaorcpaHH

1771.

VCTpOjCH<L pe'lHa

[ecre aojua 0611aCT V KOjOj je aojaa CHJla aa 3aUITI-lTY llYHa·

KOjH

sa, Cane

H THee.

CSH CTaHOSHHUH SOjHHUH,

lIwc-rpwKTHMa,

poi:lCHH H HMe

urajxaaa.

Orvn

Illajsaunca

triet)
lIHKO

HOSHHUM

Illajeatuxx 6aTaJLOH re 06naCTIf, xoja npaaaa]e xaaacmpa H JIC)I(H Y enapxaja

jClIHHH MOMaKa.

ey, xao H y llpynfM BOjHWM cnvxe aa cnoMcHyrHM (Tschaikisten-Dis· (Tschaikisten.Bataillon). CSH CTalIWCl"pHKT rp'lKy UpKBy, HMa HCKO-

rpcxor
'1Hje

BJla,IlHKC 6a'lKOr,

cavaaaeajv caeo jeliaH crane cacroje on 1113

6aTaJLOH,

ce nvao fipojao

ur Baranoa

BOJl.C jCD.aH nyKOS-

~aPC"BpcrHMClITaKojaCCeaJlnOCBOMCIlYKODllflKY30B.CJOX nano:P!I, H3n831l co ech rOjJ.I-tHallta y CpeMy. ApxllcnllcK~m. IIJlIl narpajapx y Kapnosuaaa avao jc pilllfljcnpaB?MTVpcrHMe~TV,KOJaJeBC.hHlloMcaeTa. IlJhCHa on Hnupa rpcxc DOpe II 'I1I)1l jc lIyXOEHIlK JCiI~H non, najc KOMC xohe. 360r rora jc rp'ec lIJ'laJlIIKcjow YBCK WBy'HilWil pewMeHffi.a. 122 rOllllilC 1776. fiH.nojc y TOM 6aTll.ll.Olly oytlO fipoJflOCTaHoC. Villi' qx.'p1ll3 jcjacaonnaea ca UpDCIlHM lIocyBpaTUHM3 (All/schlag) H 6cJrIlM W{f'

140

141

HHK 1:1 MHorl:l .npyrH OCPl:llUfpl:l, I2J KOj" CC pa3YMejy He caao y BOJUi aero " V Sponorpaaav H HHlKeH>epIfjy. IUTa6 CC CTaJJ.HO aanaaa Y BapOIUHUH Taren (Titul) ua ,ll,CCHOj 068.J1lf THCC, nenaneso on aecra rne ce OHa cnaja C J],YHaBOM. Tavo cy Man13HHH, apceaan H panaonaue aa rpaJlH,y SpenoBa.124 Illajxe (die Sayken oder Tschaiken) cV Mane ranaje caafi,Il,CBCHejcnpHMa H BecJIa'fKltM xnvnaaa. QHe ce Kpehy 6p30 If i-fl[\' xHTpD, It npoTIfB crpvje It aerpa. QBe ranaje cV paana'fHTC BeJlH\fHHC: aajaaae aoce 2 'rona H 10 aojanxa, najaene 4 rona If 100 JDYJUi. I.UTO cc TIf'fe BOjHJ.lKa aa 6po,ll,y, OH" cy aaopvxaaa nvursaaa (Flinten), MYcKCTaMa (Muskedonen), ca6JLaMa " KormHMa KojHMa cc sa jCllHOM Kpajy aanaae MaJJ." rBOJ,Il,CHHWHJbKOBIt, na OTY.n y sapxaaa 33.Il.ajv crpaunre pane. Axe 6If MHMO cseeaaaea ,ll,OWJIO.Il,O para ca OCMaHCKOMIlopTOM, -re he ranaje, KOjIfX je »uoro aa 6pojy, Moh" Y'llfHHTJ.I 1t3BpcHC ycnyre " npoKpcrapHTII J],VHaB cae .Il,O Ijpuor Mapa. IUajulDKH OCPHUHPH noanajv.uenv pery HHlBOllHO, CHJ.IMHlIH cy H.e3HHC xaoroopojne ane, cnpvaoae, aapoee, nnahase H onacaa MCCTa " CTaBJ.IJIHHX Y M,!nc " UprC)!(c.

paroaaae aa

OIIHC CJIABOHHJE

H CPEMA

m sa.ara

Kpaj Opyie

KfWle

Ouuc Kpaneeune c'IIfJOOlluje u BojooOcw6a Cpeea, KaKO C 063upoM na lbUX08e upupoOHe oco6wle uauco u 1M fbUXOOO caoa11lfbe ycmpojciTioo y ijpK8eHUM, ipaba1lcKUM U 80jHUM ciTioapUMa. III lCfbUia, Y KOjOj ce HaAa3U lUoUoipaqmja. 113 couCiTioellOi ilOCMfJiTipafba U UO.MHoi 3auaxafba y'rufbe1lQ y CllMoj se.M1bU 00 <PpuOpuxa BuAXe!lMa tjiOH Tay6e, !Jt1pcKOi U Kpa.tbeeCKOi upa60i OofbOayciTipujCK(li OAllOUH.Qi caeetUHUKil. JIajuijui, 1778.
Res ardua. vetustis obsoleus gratiam. et novitatem nilorem, dubiis dare, nevis aucvero

III KaKoceHIDIpIiMaJI()6aBClIHlICclLCpl!joM,ToceMcby<">$tUllpHMa THXBOjI!HKa6poJ:t3.pal!aJlalCI!HeMl.(I!;lIanpI!Mep,o:ppajxcP~IIXoelOOlyJell (Hohenhausell), KOjll je 1717. 6"0 Ma;op I! KOjll je n0311aT ca cBOjl!x cnaca, HTIp. Alterllrlimer Daciells im Ireuligell Siebenblirgell. rODJlHe 1777 I!)JIaO je Taj HCKVell1! oq,HUI!P V OccKY HCTOPl!jV HIDIpa: npDV IICMa'lKV KH.l!rv sojaje urraanaaa yOIaBOlllljll. 124 PHMCKe CTlIpHHe KOjc ey oaae 113Bl1t>cHC II 113 JeM.lloe II 113 BO,IlC nOKaJvjVJlaCV 9Ch PltM.ibalili rpaeom II onpeMaJIH cane 6POJlO9C.

tortratem. fastidnis

obscuns omnibus

lucent,

fidem.

naturem

namrae suae omara

Plinius

142

.lBefc{)ttHUUIl

61auonten
unb
. li~eil_unbmi!itatifd}fn:;I)ingYn.

biD .\tonigreidjV4

f,~·~1 no<\) i9'" notu,[jdj,n ill.r<!ldlf.n~'i!t

fHlc9j~mil>lgenmerfQ!Ttln9infird;lid)tn,

6»rmten,
III.

be> .tler!ogt~umetl

flPETXOtJ,HA Yl -tpehy

HAflOMEHA
KIbHry

Eao nojaanvje

co,

KOHa'lHO,

nocnenu,a

KI-hHra,

Y KOjOj je orrac

.r.

dUl!)

fiUf§r",

mu~.
jm !ttubt
on

",<I<!l Oi, :t,p;9rnP9i •• nt~.rt. ••

illil

eiseuen !Ceo~ad)ttln9rn

un~ !lufmtttfamtli ffloft gematr~ttn 1!BJ1~tt'ldjmllll!rn rntllllltftn

y 'llljll O[JWHPHH
HaCJlOD

!t~if~rl. - .'il:~ni5!. 1'IlirWd)w

~iebriC\i 'lBiI~elm non tau6e,

:no
~dp~ig, I?7S.
KlhllrCIIJ

Of~r. mf9irtung"Bt~t.

Y'leHIf rmcan CMaTpaO jc na caCBHM 'rpcba na npeCK(1'lJ.J rorrorparpujv, npnponorrac, 1I.p>KaBHO vcrpojcreo, nocrojehe crapaue Kpaneenue Cnaaonaje H CJlH.'IHe cTBapll. Illrasuure, OHO MaJlOreorpacpcsax cTBapl1 WH) ax je Y KJ-bWlH peTKO ty T~'lHC. T3KO H3 npaerep CBC WT() H~ CTpaHH 407. CTOjH 0 CpcMY norpebao je anoro IlCnpaBHTIl.
1 nO'lCTaK HaCJ]OBa jc: liae praelimil1ares £1"

Dc

r"glli,·

Daimaliae, Cnmliae. Slavoniae

>lOIi-

HaCJlOUHaCTpaHilOpllrlma.ITIlOrIl3IlJlH,8!I1

1778.

145

Ja CaM JJ:aK.ne CBYll diM 3CMJ1,y Y'I!!HHM MHoro H3MY'lHO

MOraO Kp'mTH

nyr

na jellHy

Hcn03HilTY

xon Hac n0311aTOM; alII! He Mory rtopehu na caa ce na paapeurau TaK3B xaoc H na ue caao onHWCM IICKHX croraav MCCTa eoja jaw III1KO uujc onacao, Hero I! na IlX CT<lBI!M na oso MecTO HlI «oje 33npaBO cnanajy no Ca.LIaW!hOj nOJlI!.
Tfl'lKOj nOllCJII! 3CMJbC, CBC 611 MH TO 6HJlO HCMoryhHo CC HlltaM mtCaM aero lIa HHcaM Y 1l3caa y Ho HC 11J11l, WTO

noaohv ch, 3 ua HOBJI noaohv IS, OHH [lHWY na npaaep Posega. varos. Cscpin. Perrowics; a MJlHPH Poschega HJlH Boczega. varosch, Chepin. Petrovich. MHOTH Mauapa KOjH cy y KPaJbCBHHH Cn3BOHHja, OTKaKO cc OHa CITojH!Ja ca Mauapcroa, lICJ10M KpaJbeBCKH, .nCJIOM
rtJlCMHhKH 'lHHOBHHUII, J3nO'lCJlJ.! cy jeLlIlY UITCTHy H!lDlilly; O!lH can

nponvroeao xpoa 3CMJby no jaDHoM nOCJly,.na Jobll) rrpana-mo avro Il 113 Hyllma 06aBeWTCli>a eopa ua caMOMC MCCTy.
HMCHa nl1wy: rpanoea H MCCTa HllcaM xreo BIlWC BOJICO aa HX

cna MeCTa onpena nmuv M3u3pclm; HOp. wutstn YMCCTO Wutchin. Plaueruitz YMCCTO Plcttcrnicz (a 6c) asueara 311y'lH K011 H.I1X sao e), WTO cc HHKaKO HC aoace oIl06pHTH. WTaBHwe, OHI1 Hny jour 11aJhC,
na crapo lIlok I1JlHpc!(Q HMe MCfhlljy rora jc xarxaaa y M3IJapcKOj y aauapcxaa unp. IIJok llJIH 3Cce y Ujlak OcHM MJbaM3. noura nOUCK!! nyr y 5alby! (zum (Zumbade). npe jenner y HJlHPCKHX ceaaxa HaBIiKa H -rypcKHM xoja. WTO DOne na yBO.lIC 1I0Ba HMeHa, Ha rurraae:

JUI C3K3TIlM,

nmuca

OHaKO saxe 1I3TJI npeaa

IlX Y'lCHI1 I1l1llPI! rrpaeonucv

craapao

Jep 113 JlMCHa rpcda

y06J1'1ajcHoM He ocnphyhJl pe'lll rtPIlBJlr.iCH.a. HlIHpcKIlM

CB3K01 Je~tlbJl, ITP3111!J1llje KOjC CC HC MO)f(e o1l5awf"rH; ~c aa 1!3roBOp; JlHa'lC J3 HC Mory he 1I0MJI no HajHc061l'.IHlljllx CJlOllHM3 Hero CaKpl!TH na cc rtp3nl1113rOBOp 360r vera

y3H.Majy HJ onmaopa Bade!), Il oana

Kyn ca KPCHYO?; IIITp.

CC TO MeCTO BpeMCHOM n(Xl30Be Y6aH.3 HM ucumc npacrapo

IIchl1HC !lJUlptKJlX

nOJlOJKaj !lCKOr MCCTa -rasobc npoMCH.C!lO

naje

rtonoaa (Unterdem-

aa eeh

MO)l(~ Ta'lHO 113TI1 !lJlK3KBHM npyrllM lU10 JC J.!CTO, rnaroncxmr; ~aTOJIII4KH JCJ~K. rtHWy

H3MUCJlC CaCBI1M HOBO HMC, TaKO jc unp. HCKOJIHKO CTOTHHa roaana 5pJla. OHH Hero bcrgc),

HMe llapyBap

Mil cc '1HHll 6enmCJICHO lICCH

y nOJl60pje nil CKyjy

Xpaaru,

llllJlM3nmUII ClloBIIMa,

H KpaH.lll1

CBOj HJlHPCKH MarepH.1! Ho OBJlC HMClla uanaac

a TO 3aTO WTO CC CC,ll;HWTe llJleMHl'la TaKO I1Majy 06H'Iaj KaKBOj 1I0BOj rpaF.!cBH,HH, anp. K3KBOM y6HlIBy.

HaJla3H y ITOllHO)f(jy caCBH!.! HOBO H MJlHHY, aocrv

~aTHHcKHM~

CDOj HCMa'lKH.M, a Bnacn -urranaua

CDOJ)CJIIK, KOJI! je caao

nOKJ3apeHH JlarHHCKH, rneroncxaa.

HMe opeaa

KanCJIII,

rJl3rOJlCK3 IIHcaM srorao vnorpefiara 3 na IIChHHIl rpaaoea H MeCTa He y'lH!lHM C<lCaHM !lC'IHTKHM Maora crapa MeCTa IlY)J( HJlI1 HX

np., a 11 npeea aaua

lICCpeYtHOM CJlY'llljy

II CJlH'I!lO. BpeIlanOCJlCTKYHJlIl H

MCHOM 'ra YBClICHa HMClla

nocrajv

TaKO 0611'1l1a, TOJIIIKO vnorpedn,a-

Ilpaae Sap

H llYH<ln3., IIp)f(aJ!l1.

koja

ce

H Y'lHTaBOj3CMJbHTaKoonW'ra,JlaCCCTapa HMcHa. ITa OHJla tpefia MHOro no

npCICOrt\ITaMauapcKc,IIJIHcyMauapl1ycpclll-beMoeKycarpa.il.l1J1H, 11J1.H 60Jbe aacenann, HX '13J3 Il~llJIa Wuko-var, cy ra BYKo-rpan nym Y caa TjJH cnvaa npuacp (PetersMCCTII 06H'IHO (Wuko-Burg), aauapcxa ~eter-\lara, B!aaC::K~~ cy no nopexnv CJlOBO 1l3ronapajy HMeHa; Ilerpoe-rpaa ~a:C~B:i:r~~~~~: lliIHpcKa, a Z sac 3 HJlHPCKH.

CaCBI1M aatiopann.ajv, TpH 11J11! muc e HCIlHTa xoje TaKO pcxe KOjll cc y caCBII!.! npvro

HJlH na« na jC!IHO MeCTO MaJlO rtOM~UtO nooHjc BeJ]I1KC MyKe na cc uponabe nvr

je T3'11l0 H np3BO. nOHCKH H ncroua; tbHMa rtopen HMe, unp. vnaano,

npekpurrauajv
I1JlII no pH6H

ce aero '10J3CKY 1lIT0 jc H3Mel'ly H Jajua HMeH3. ce YJlIt!la Busch], a aaITO.II

OD; IbHX CB3.KHX !lCKOJIHKO MHJb3 HOCH KIIKDOM HOBOM aocrv, KaKBOj He0611'lHoj (Verbas) a yrH'IC TpH

~~~~!;
MaU3pcKIl; Mauapa HC. CJlOIIO r sao nHwy

:''lH~W:~p~~::~~:~' OCTaJla !laK',KOja flJrOaap3jY (rnaron) nOMony

I1JlIl no

Y H.HM3 MO)f(1[3 vxaaneea ja npoTH'IC Bponn (Juycza), JaKH y Cany, Hal!H)f(e lUTawhy MHora KOj3 cy cmapuo II Fpanmnxe,

HT.II. PCKa Bpoac (BanjaJuka) xpan.ena,

Y EOCHH, KOy CaDY Calle

sao

III,

(5),

a HJlHPH

EaH.flJlYKC

nocncna,a aa

caCUHM TDPllO, CRapo

Jl06H.na jc

MaJlO 1I0MaJlO HJMCby H Cpeaa

X,

OHH, MenyrHM, Mauapa

CaCDI1M MeKO, CKOPO !(30 11, Fnac CS, a HJJIlPH CTapH npaOHJlIIH

T.I

(Ixch) Ha'lflll

npCCTOHHl.\C npebaunsnx WjH llaBHWC npeaa npeaa

paaaa-nrta
H najaan

Spaau

TC'IC H3MCby CJtaBOIlHjC CBOMC yll1liy Socvr

CBOMe H3BOPy 30Be ce EHf.J (Bieh, (Boszut, Beschud).

Ha cea]

'1HH MOpaJIa cy

Y JCMJbOnHCY CBI1X JlJlHPCKHX 3CMIULII KOJC cy xpancea nocruna 61!J10 BCJlIlKOr cYJITaHa 35pKe. accra II caasojasc

Suno

aauapcsux

eacrarn
na

HCMI!Jla raena na TaJ Ha'lHH

H~ta CTapH.X MeCTa Tpa)f(HTH; a TO uno cnOMC-

MaJ!O nOMaJlO T3KO -rcnoreara 611 IlX aanano crapn

OHW!; HflKO HC 3nH rnc

11M cc 3360P3!1HJlO npaao

IiMC, non KOjllM IlX cnoMHH,y

146

147

HIlW1, noaen,e Il JleTOOIlCIl. Crape Jlo6pe 3CMlbOOilCHC «apre Il) XV XVI crnnchn cane 611 1l3BaHpcJlHO OQCJlV)!(IlJlC; SJ11l IlX TaKO crapax HCMS, HII Jl06PIlX, HIl pbaanx. KaKO onurupaa OOUC crapuaa 11 npuponaax 3HaMcHllrocnt, anp. peTKIlX JKUOOTHH.a, nraua, pJJ6a, IlBCCKBTa, pacTHH ..a, nnonoua, OKaMCI-bCHI1X crnapn M T, en He cnana V rcnorparbnjv, a nopeu rora CC fea upreaca 11CJlMKa He MOJKe V"UlHHTH HH jacHHM, TO C8M ja aa oornyHlljH H OOWHPHHjH onac npnponaax peTKOCTM a H crapuna (F80 urrcje aen peaeno y npenronopv r KH.HfC) HaMCHIlO nocc61'IY pacnpaev, a tbHX caa oaae onucao cauo yKpaTKo. Ho jow HC Mory peha KaJl he pcuena pacnpaea HJlH KpmwulO caOOWTCIh(! YfJleLl8TIl nana. 6Yllyhll 1I,a CC"IelhC Saspa [Saspopea], upresca Il T. CJl. V Ayrc· 6yprv BPJlO cnopo Il11C, a H urro ce Opo611H OTHcaK «aeaor KOMaJl,a IlJIIl uecro no lpH""ICTHPH nyra Mapa CJlaTII TaMO
H

II30paJUl pO'lHTO call

cy

ceaaun

HCBtJX1B3THV KOJlII'lIlHV Oil MeT3J1a,

pH3HltX crapaxa, 3!1UT3 It

a uaIl!lH cy

pllMCKor

noeua

Saspa,

cpespa.

I1X I1UWJlIl

OOTOllMMa,

fiapaaa
ItJUl ItX

11 PHToBIlMa.

BCl'iHHOM

HX CeJ'h31:lH

1l1iH npBO

npenoee,
60jy,

6V11VI'tH 11a cy

H) fJlynOCTIl

npe rora acrcne na OHlla n[XluaJY; 'lCCTO marne II CpC6PHC HOBue, KOJII cy
KlhHrv

3CMJhH lury6HJlH

11aa3JlH 3a 6UKapHC H MeT3!1HC, WTO HX JC

H3nOClieTKY on3MCTIlJl0. C 063HPOM aa ooy ceM 11a caonurrcs,c HOM jcnHoM jow

HCMaM IlHWTa BHIUC na .Il0,!laM 3aKlbY"laK 0 KJlCMCHTHIfUIlM3, apeauenoaemau c lIpymMa, no cana Cpeua. 0 OBOM Hc06Il'lHOM aaponv anje ce KOJlIIKO ja JHaM jow llllKan WTO nojaaano WTaMnaIlO. Ja hy KJlCMCHTIfHue V mpecnoecavroj nOCCfiHOj pacnpaau H!l1l KPIlTH'lKOM caonurrcuv onacarn onuiapaaje H raxaeje. a II HC06H"IHY UO-

III

xoje

Callp)!(H H)BaH

HapollY

WTO jc OCTao

HHje 6HJlO n03HaTO

OOSMO Jl,OK ce Ire

WlhY

H.HXOBY naTH Y 6aKpoOIICY·

acnpaec cee norpeunce Heurrn MopaM COOMCHyrll OSJlC aa npaa Max, Il TO L1a ce y CIlIlM aauapcxae Ii TYPCKIIM 3CMlbaMa Hnapa caaxor naaa apeaac VHHW· raeajv MHorH perKII OCTaUil Il COOMeHHUIl crapaae. 1ep CnOOCHH ana ,aallaWlhH HJlIlPH xone caaaojaao na 6VLlY rrpaponuu CTaHOBHHua OBHX JCMaJha, Il 360r rora HaMepHO YHHWTaIlajy CBC COOMCHHKe KOjll nOKa3yjv na cy rtpe lhHX )!(IlBCJlIl TV ,npyrllil MHorO IDIBHJlIl30BaHIljH aapona, a lla Cv 01111caMII caao npH.!10IllJlHUC. OcHM rora,
nJlCMllhKIl TOBaH.a 'lIlHOBHIlUIl II II JaKynHHIDI ItM8lha IlMajy TaKO Marro now-

Ec~, l. .wja 177~.

na 50 pU;tIIHKe tBC OCT8TKe lI:oCJHHC, KOjH na tsoj »a H uajeraese caerajv lhHXOBOj 3eMJl.Opall.lhH, Hapcbvjv na ce pvu'e. VHIIllITaBajv H JlOMC, 'lCCTO He 3HajvhH aa BPCJlHOCT oaora 'lCMY H3 OYCTe rpaM3Jb110OCTIl 'rpar 3aTHpy.4 Fla CV VKOPCH.CHO HC)HalhC II uapeapcrao nen 011aBHO 1136pIIcarr1l1l3 nanneea CTaHOBHHKa CBaKO cchaa,e ua MCCTa me cV noxonanc aparoUCHC crapnac. A TO je !lCTO TaKO CJI'{"laj V Fpqeoj, CIlPlljll, Emory rem. Y CpeMY jc jour y cpcMeM aCKY 611J10 BUJKHHX OCTuTuKas on sojux jc uefillHU necrana a OCTaJlH ce Morv lIahl1 eaurc nOA JeMJbOM Hero aa IbOj3H. rile 61lJ10 L1a ce aasone, H3J1J1a)H ce ua crape 3H.!101lC H TCMClbC onvcrouresux rpabeeuaa. Ceera npe ocaaaecer ronnaa
CMV CTaPliHY, Y 3eMlbll 4 Jcruu, JaKyllHIlK Hapc.nlloje 1750. lUI cccpymlljom vcnpaena KOMa.n lienor 1plljYM¢aJJHor nyKa,.na 611 ce MUfJli\_ 1lp<JIlIHpllTll urrana aa BUllose urrojc crejana no nera. S Ja caM ~Irrao PYl'OI1I1COllllcajCJllIor nvtoeaua KOjCjC OCHOWbailltH fpHMaJUlIIY'lHllllO WllIIHC 1120.ilO 1122. KlXl;I Xp8aTCKY, DrallOlllljy Il Cpea aa Bcorpan II OIlJ1a JUIlbC IlH KJllIM. OH caonurraaa lUI je CPCM JaTCKilO Y ilIlBIlIll>lrpa.noBIlMalinanaTaM3KojclIC)!;CYPYlllCBIIHBMIl

aa

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IiPOIlCKC PCfllMCHTC rpi!ilIJW~afICKC pcrHMCUTe caOTllIITCH,C I!apollY

3a1(J!,\f'laK, KOjll CaJlPlKll Jl.pyrHMancnOMCW3HllM Ilonarax. IlJIHJl.OnyHC

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thrrasa Kpaneeaaa nena ce vonurre na 1l0l-bYH ropl-bY OiaBOHHjy. 011a 06YXBaTa XpsaTCKY, OBa nax Cnaaoaajv I{ Cpe«. llOlba Cnaeona]a, 0 KOjOj je cane jeaaao pes, cacroin ce I{) naa rnaena nena, KOjIf cV J, rpahaucea npoaannaja (provinciale), II, BojHH'IKe 06J1aCTH aa -rvpcsoj rpaaaua (mltnare). OHa oevxaara YHYTPaIlllbH nee KPa.JbCBHHC KOjH CC He rpaHH'!H c TVPCKOM, Hero Jle)f(J.l V CTpaHIf on: Ty'pcKe rpaaaUC, ,!ICJlOMnpeaa Mauapceoj, nenox Y CPCllJ.lHH JCMJbe.' Ja nO'[Hl-beM ca rpabaacsoa npoaauuajo», xoja ce cacro]a all rpn mynaHl1jc 11J111 KOMI1TaTa;2 OHIf ce aonv I. BuP08UUtll'lKa 'Icyiialmja (verovitlczer oder Veroczer Gespannschaft), II. ITo'lcelUKa (die Boczeganer) J.l III. Cpeecua :»cyuU1lUja. Ilpna aeJKH xa Ilpaun, .npyra ycpcn Cnaeoaaje, a rpeha vcpcn Cpcaa J.l3MCF.ly.uYHasa H Case.

II opHn0311

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I, BUpooHTU'IKa )Kynauuja (Die verovittczer-Oespannscbart) BllpoouiUu'IKa "9'ua1wja (die veroviuczer-werowmscher Gespannschaft) no'lJ.llbC aa caojcj aananaoj CTpaHH 011 xpaarI Mo","cccnorne.uamurrauo!]{)'!ccrojnyIlKJDIIJl!oaoraJlc.na,§21, crp.1l9. a lllra ]c ",yrmlllja 06jawlWHojc y II RJhIlJn § 3[,crp. [)[

150

151

CKe

rpamrne,
none

M TO

on npencna

y KOM je

aacencaa

K<I peflfMeHTa npvaca

(5.
rrpeaa

Georger-Regiment), I1CTOKY M aanpmaaa

na ce 3<1TMM ,nyw: ce H<I 'ieTl1pM ffnl1 Omplf.J1IfKC

Bvpteaa-rIlpaee
o6wme 1 MMlbY jyry ce

1) J(PUlbeGCKO mergut Essek), ca

KOMOPCKO rpasoa rron

Jo6po OceK
HMeHa:

(Des Konigl. Kama Y cpeneea '1l-lTaBe aa BeKY Kpanecaoj y

MCTor

Ocex
Oce«
neaaae, 06aJIH

(Bssek),

PMMlbaHHMa rpan soja )J(ynaHwje J1e)KH T(JH aaje

Mursia
y

HCM<I'llCe MMlbC C OHY CTpaHy HH)I<e yroKa OBa acvnanaja Hlf ca

Oceea,
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(Osek), jecre

rnanaa TBpIJaBa

a panaje MO'lSapaMa eame

Jlpase

H llYHana,

nosaa,e

Cpea.
a aa

Ha

rpannsa

C<I nOw:emKoM,J Bponcxe

cpeaceoj

CTpa-

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360r

OTOpHJlHKe yna.n:a

MIIlbe

yroKa

Ilpaee
peke,

BOjHM'iKOM ce rave

06J1aruny rora

peraaeare. «vnaaaja, OCTaJle. OHa OHa

Ilvaaa.
naaa urnora nnoaaoj

ryPCKIIX ooannajv

Ha'lHaeH H

MOCT rtpexo 6eCllJlaTHO npajea ua

IlITo BCJIll'iHHOM je axure

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J.I CTaHOBHI1IlITBOM paBHa HO 6pllOBHTa; 6apa

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Tnpbaaa
ce Ty

jc carpabeaa ncaca

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urvae, HaCTa-

croneha,
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aaoro JIM mor aaaaa lbyJ[CKH 3Hpa OK() Y3poK CTBO aa

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IlITeTHI1X csaxojaxe

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TOMe y JleTO upeKpanyjy

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aa MCTO'iHOj KOMallY 6exy KGjll

cT(JaHI1, JCMlbe

opeMa BM)leO

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ncnapea,a OT(JOBHe

xoja

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KOMe

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13

nnvroea, Y

a y CBaKl! rpanv,

vrrpernvra je jenaao

napa na

na TO, oaaj

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0Ll. CBa T(J11 aajuacen.eaaja.» jaxo CTO'iapCTBO

caMOM Hero

MaJIl1,

He

70.000

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To

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millie

82 rpabaacxe

Kyne,

0.11 KOjMX je BenMHa TOMe, enure jaaec at-parte,

carpabcaa Hapo'lHTO OHC cy CBe

y MHOfOj

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nenoa

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It pntiapII XPBaTaa vaaaa He-

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onpebeaa je rpan

aa CTaH KOMaHJJ:Yiyner c 06311poM Hl1aK nano TO je acnapeaa JleTM caa je OH WTO Ba3llYX nocne nomvao HHCeh'Til y ce aa nenory CC 6aw

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aarpe.

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M KOjOM 'IHTllBC cv

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rpan Hana3H CC jenaa nvraaa« xyM, xoja ce npVIKa «a TRp5ano rpabaacxax HJlH TaK038aHIIX KaMCpaJIHHX seuiana. H ca
Taj XVM 6HO pywcnHHaMa

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ec CBaKM nan aafiann,a care: na notiajc uoaaua. HC~lI.IH KaTQ.nliUH

sojcra HCJ1plijaTCJb MOIKC na raba cna VTBpOCH>a. jc Y PC<[CHOM npenrpabv nOKpHBeH oCTaUHMa Ii
jenner crapor rpana. Ken jc rtpc TPHlIcecT uacrana rrorpeoa aa KaMCH>CM l1. narnaaa, ronxxa

rrmpanaxe

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Ii nOllaHlIUH

H Kall cV V HCTO TO VKJ10H.eH

«paeeecxe KOMOpe. Ho mta Ii Fpsa H Jepaexa. Y npellrpabaaa je BeJJHK 6poj Plnxpa If Cnaaouaua KOjll npanaasjv acroxnoj UpKBH. A oaaj rpaa, mjltM vnpaana jcna» rpancaa cvaau H MamctpaT (Ruth), CTaJ]HO je cemurre renepana aanonenxaxa -mraee Cnaaona]e M Cpeaa, V3 TO It rCHcpa.rmVnaropa, nenaxor )KvnaHa V BltpOnHTH'IKOM KOMYHHTaTY xao M uapaaapaarre H COJIape, pa3HllX llPVrHX VCTaHOna H MHOrofipojsrax 'IliHOBHHKa 3aBHCHHX on CBMX OBHX noopojaanx. Epoj
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npesrc XTeJJlt na
3Hllonit KO ey

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je

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ca avcrpajcsax
nOCa.aOM,

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nporepviv OBaMO na 3H.uajV vrapres,a,« 3.600 a V CBa tpM npezrpaza caao on 8.000 JbVlUl.
craaoaaanrmo JCCTC KaKO CBHeaurapa aa KojltMa ce 06aBJba naaap «oa,a, aonoaa, CBHHXl It
J1HTOMHX H .tUlliIbHX JKMBOTHHXl,

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mor BJlalKHOr H

TaKO IKlffa H cnaaaxaax lI,PvrHX cnaeoacjcax npoH3BOMauapcso» H HCMa<JKoM. Tepbaea je H3nC,ElCWI na XOnaHlI,CKI1" Ha<[MH; aa li>oj cV nonvure anoroopojaa vrapbea,a jaxax 3HlI,OSa ca HCnyH>CHHM xananaaa, aJm vonurrc HCMa nO.113CMHllX npoxona, KOjC HC nonvurra MO'lBaPHO JeMJJ.HllITC, a aero 'raxc HH .ltOBOJbHO eraramna H xaaeaara HnH craaoaa non yrnpbeH>HM3 aa J1OCa.uy

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na

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npcnrpate

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jc on tnpbane

154

155

ceera 500 xopaca. Bell HMe nOKa3yje 'lCMy OHO CJJY)KH H K3KBO je. ?HO je HajMaH>e OJI CBI{X. liMa H aajrope Kylle, xo]c cavaaaaajv B:IlI{HOM urrane, mvne, KOJm6e H 6alllTCHCKe Kyhe. Manofipojsa CTaHOBHHUH CKOpo cy CBM KaTOJIHUH . Y. caacj TBpnaSI1 aanaac ce JIBe nene napoxajcxe UPKBC; lcnHa Je KOJI 611BlllHX [esvara, npvra y cppaH>eBa'fKOM uaaacrupv, KOjl1 je npocrpaaa arpaaa 11 y KOM I1Ma rtpexo 100 ~anyhepa npocjaxa. Y 3 rrpearpaba aanaac cc 3 PHMCKC H JC'[lHarp'fKa napoxajc«a upaaa; on OBHX je jenaa ](011xanvna. na, a jenxa KOJI cppaH.eBaUa; -rpeha je y craapa cave xanena. Pevenn MaHaCTHp xarrvuaea jenlfHH je KOjM KBIlYWfHlf HMBjy Y 'fHTaBOj KpaJLeBIfHIt. Y npenrpabasa If OKO H.HX Hal{JIa31{ ce aa HeHJ6pojHV poy 6eJIHX nvnoaa, xojn OBJIe 113BpcHO vcneeajv I{ 6p30 pecrv. Hncra KOPMCTOJI cnaxor npaera pa'fyHa CC aa 1 CPOpllHlJI ronaunee, WTO je cranonamraaa 3Ha'faj~H nOJlCTpeK na HX C~C. OHM ce y npearpabnea npexpaw,YJY }le.uOM on CBHJlOroJCTBa, nenoa on paoapena H crovapcraa, nCJlOM on ~eM.IbOpa.aw,e; MHOrl{ ce Jlajy I{ aa rproeaav. Fpabana Y TBpbaOH MebYTHM fiane ce coaKojaKHM rpabaaCKHM 3aHaTIlMa H )KHOC)leJlHMII'lHO en nocanc H on apanenCKHX 'lHHOBHMKa IJ1TOTV cranvjv. Illro ce uanocnencv TII'lC HCTOpHje rpana, MopaM je no'lellf OJI crapux PMMJLaHB. Y CaBCKoj I1JIH BaJICplfjaHcKoj FlaIfOHMjH crajana je Mursia, Mursa. Morsia HJlM Mursum nenaJleKO OJI .neCHCotiane Ilpese, ompanaxe 3 MHJLC OMWCH.e3Haa yTOKa .y llYHa~. Taj y HCTOpHjH 'lYBeHH rpan carpazao je uap A.apHJaH. OH Je 6HO CTapa KOlloHHja PHMJLaHa If ceJIHlJ1Te pnacxor HaMecHHKa, KOj.H je O.QaTJle vnpaanao naHoHHjoM. CBe ce TO rtorapbvjc Ilojranrepoeoa ManOM (die Peutineensche Tafel), CBC,IlO'laHCTBOM crapax nacana, nponabcana ~JIHKaMa 11 y KaMeHY I1CKJlecaHHM rnaaaaa llJleMCHJ.lTHX PJ.lMJLana, HOOQeM, HamIfCHMa, KaMeH>eM If llpynlM cnOMeHHUHMa KOJI1 cy aecro H~KonaBaHIf H3 3eMJLe Y crapoa H HOBOM opeMeHY, llITaBHllIC JOWIf y HaWHM !laHIfMa. Ken je rO.QHHe 1774. 156

H3Me5y rapteae Ii npenrpaba l(OH.H rpan YKJIOH.efl jeaaa nee rope cnoaenvror xYMa, lIa 6H ce xcxonaaoa 3CMJLOMnanarao HOBH nyr, OTKplfBeHC cy cane nOHOBO ceasojase pHMCKe CTapHHe, 0)1 Kojm caa ja npcnacao oaaj HaTOHC ype3aH y MepMCpy: IMP CAES CIVS VERVS MAXIM S NVS P FAV GT M TRIB TOTIS SIS IMP IlL COS PRO CO PP ET CIVS VERVS MA I MVS NOBILlSSIMVS CAES FIll AVO N 0 C

crc BR MA SAR lIM B

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Bel'! r-onaae 335, ana Y rpaneceroj rOJlJ.iHH anane KOHCTaHTHHa Benaxor, Hana3HMO y Mvpcaja YCTaHOBJLeHY 6HcKynHjy. Fpan je uaeran jour aaoro ronana JlY)Ke, TO jeer no pacnaaa Sanannor uapcTBa, kan cy ra ortvcrouramr rOTH, Capaarn H XYHH. EHcKynHja ce vracana, Ii Mvpcaja ce MaJlO nOM3Jl0 npcmopana y fenao ceno. Y Cpe)lHHH VI croneha, OJIeMC OHHX Capaara KOjC Ptnlemaeus Ha3J.lBa CraBaH!:1 (Stavanen, Slavanen), a llpym CTapH OHCLIH Cnoaea», Cnaen, CrraBHHH (Slovenen, Slaven, Slawinier), HaCTaHI10 ce 1f3Mehy evpcajancaor jeaepa Hllll eoveape, pHMCKor rpana Civitas Noviodunensis (Civitas nevi et unensis), Bacne H l(H>cc-rpa; «ao 1J1T0 CaOnWTaBa rOTCKH ncropaorpaqi Jcpnaaec. OH je je.QHHH KOjH cnOMHH,e MYPCHjaHcKY MO"lBap~' (Laces Musianus
7 JaODCnpa:mmICH8McpMCPVHCJlOIIllKojacvnocraJraHC'I11Tt<allchv .M nOflVH>illlllM,nourru V'lCHH.lbV1UIMOryTO naKOV'lItlHITH caMH; a Heyt(HM8 he II OHaKo611TII MaJloeTa.n:OJlomr~.

157

J.l.rm Mursianus, a J.l Stagnum Mysienum J.:IJlIiMorsianum); no npanaun 3aTO lllTO ra aovaapa HHje 6J.:1J1a aposaro nou 3HaTa H HHjC HMaJJa npaeor HMCHa. Jopnauec je ceoje HMe npeaa TOMe caaxaxo susec H3 rpana MYPCHjc KOjH je TV cuelIITCH. Lla je 'ra «o-eapa HCTa OHa xoja KO.u OcCKa nexca na
CBOj

o6c CTpaHC Ilpaae, nOKaJaO caa ja Y jemroj aapovaroj Peertpana. AKO cc nooY'le JlMHJ.:Ija on Ocexa no H300pa BHCJJCJ.:I Iluecrpa, I{ no aexanaunsera rpana Noviodonum-a, KOjM jc Jle)J(ClO aa llVflilBY Y naaaunscj MOJl.uanHiH aa rpaHJ.:Il.IH Becapatiaje, noxaavje ce na cy CJlOIlCHH y VI CTOJlCl'ly lIP)J(aJJH aajecha nee naaaiuac Kpan,eBI1HC Mauapcxe, nopen Epnena J.I jenner xcaana Monnaea]e H Brraunce.

Kaa je OIaBOHHja rOlUlHC 1091. npl1lUbVlfeHa KPaJhCBHHH Mauapceoj, carpanana cy uauapcxa Kpan,COH K01l. cCJJa Mvpcujc jC1I.aHTBpll.H rpan na cavoj LlpaOI1, npo30aJJI1 ra Oce« M CMarp3Jl1f ra KJLYlfCM Cnaaouajc, KOjlf cy 11M OeMaHH roll.HHe 1529. OTCJlIf, aJI}! ra HI1Cy MOrJlM olfvoaTH, 110K cYJITaH CYJlcjMaH I (sora HCKH norpeumo aaaanajv COJrnMaH II) HHje ronaxc 1535. rrOC1JaOSeorpancsor rralliV MvxaMclIa Jaxaponor-ajv (Jahyrologie) 113 oncenae rpaa. l-bcrouo ocnojen,e oananxnc jc nos paT. KpaJL <!>CP.UJ-lHaHll nourao jc aa l-b 1537. I ~a CHJlHOM BOjCKOM, ana HHjC uorao nOHOBO Y3CTM rpaz, KOJI{ je 150 ronaaa OCTao Y pvsaua OCMaHa. Tana ce Mvpcaja aaana Oce« (Essck). Cy.JJTaH CyJlcjMaH I XTCOjc MaJIO npe CMpHI jour jellHoM na npollpe y Mauapcsv H na KOll Ocesa npebc Ilpaav, na onCC}lHC CHrCT. OH CTOra «apena na ec rtpexo pese H COHX MO'lllapa nonnrue jena» lIHBJLCH.a 110CTOjan MOCT, na KOMe je .ual-bY H Holly Pa.!l.HJJO 25.000 JLyn;H 11 cit aeaepoaaruoa 6P3HHOM CpeJ'jHO nonpumno nocao aa 15 naaa. Taj lfyOCHH MOCT 6MO je .ayr 8565 «opaxa, I{JlM rauanjc 5500 najcara a WMpoIC 15. Jlexao je na nabaaa, lfOPCTOnpHOC3aHMM jenaa y3 lIpyry jaKHM J1aHl.IHMa, rOO3.!J,CHI1M KJlaH¢aMa 11 Ky«aaa. TI1Me je OCCK nOCTaO rtponaa on aajache Ba)](HOCTH, KOjl1 cy OCMalm on TOra nofe caarpann KJhYlfCM Mauapcxe 158

11TPV.IlHJ1Hce na ra urro jace vrepne, He caao na 61{ cavvaanx MOCT, Hero H na 61{ aaaaa HManH cJ106o.o.aHYJla3 y Mauapcxv. Mauapa cy noavurc 3aY3CJlH rapbaev 1600, ann cV je y6p30 nOHOBO 113ry61{JlH, H 1664. cnanana 'II{TaB ~IOCT. McbyruM, OCMaHJ.:Icy ra aa KpaTKO BpeMC nOHOBO carpa.uHJlI{. Kan je n06C)10HOCHa eojcxa Jleononnoaa rOllHHC 1685. ortcenana Hojxojaen (Neuhnuset), 6vnc jemto nerehe onencee nocnano Y OCCK, xojc je xarepano nO){(CIlIKOr naIllY na, MJry6HBIlIH 700 JLVlIH, HanYCTH rnpbaav. 3a TO apeae nOllMeTHY Xpnaru narpv non aocr M cna.rrc aa H.CMy jeztaa KOMa.u OA 1200 KOpaKa. BPCMCHOM ce OHO urro je npeocrano CpylliH caao 011. ce6e, H OCTaHC varaenx 90 romma y MOlfBapM, npcxo soje HMKO aaje »orao npenancm 6C3 onacaocra no ){(I{BOT. Y McbYBpeMeHY 1I.ocnCJIa je rapbaaa nOHOBO y PVKC Oceana, KOjM rO.ll.MHe 1687. KpeHY OHaMO ca CI1JIHOMBOjCKOM na 110HOBO nocraae MOCT, ann cy MCTe TC ronaae nOTnYHO non,rqCHM KO.n Moxava. Fla MaKO cy 1699. nOHOBO onCCnaJIM rpaz, arras; fa HMCy MOrJJM Y3CTI{, Hero cy 3aTIfM MOpaJIM He caao OCCK, Hero 'liITaBV CJ1aBoHMjv npenvcrara n06cn;HHKY Jleonoanv, !COjHje, nOpVW(iBIlIM crnpe 3Mll00C 11 vraprea,a, rpan nOHOOO M3 ocnoae carpanao I{ rtpe'ruopac ra Y qCCTHTV repbaav aa HOB HalfMH. Meb'{TI1M, OOjHI1 rpanrreea y'IHHHJ1H cy HCO.n.rOBOPHY norpelliKy lIITO CV rspbasv caecrana y HmaK aovaapan rrpeneo, KOjl{ ce ca xyMa rne [e CTajaJIB crapa Mvpcaja MO)f(e rabara TonOBI1Ma. HHa'ie OHCHHa rtpeaa no.ny H3HOCH y cpen TBpnaBC no MOhlC 3ana){(al-bY 45 crerrerm, 30 MIfHyra H 6 CCKYH.lUf. Kan ce onaanc CKCJlOM npebe npeso Jlpaae aa MauapcKy 06MY, CTMIKC cc era HOOH HaCMJ1, HJ1H TaIC03BaHH chaussee, KOjH YMCCTO'1CCTOCnOMI{J-baHOr n,rpcKor MOCTa npenaaa npcKO CBHX MOlfBapa y Mauapcxoj, nvr je nona cera, a cnojen je nOMohy nea MOCTa. Creep je CaClIMM aaaprucna TCII rO)lHHC 1775, J.I crajana jc 600.000 ¢oPJ.:lHTJ.:I,Y KOjC cy COM nllCMHhlf H rpanosa 06J1H)((H,MX rpocpoaa]a V DaBoHHjH H Mauapcxoj 159

aoparra npanoaorra
I{CKaJaHe 06ejy je KOPJ.lCTI{

CBOj lI,CO. Taj no

J.i3BaHpell,HJ.l I{

HaCHn

011. He1f3MCby BOllOBa

csonnja

HC

6H

XTCJla na joj

H3MaKHC

raj

MaCHM oanora],

sen

06c aa

KPaJbCBI1HC TprOBHHY

aeuana
H

KaKO y3aja~!HY

TaKO Ii nopc.u

ortaxuraaa nporoa
YB03a

na

TBPllH

Ii CBJ.lH>a In CJJaBOHHje

HCMa'fKY,

HCMa4KC

npncaoia xac oacrvnneao aa BC4HTO. AnI1 Kovopa xan BpaTH ,[IYIKHI1X 38.000 cpopMHTH H J11IaTH cae nonpaase KOjC je apxaenacxonuja It3BCJla, I1Ma npaao aa ra
llo6po lI,a, WTO

potic

norpeoa aa
CC

TproBUC

H pCrJ.JMCHTC.

OTKynH, CTpaHH Mana

apxnenacxona]a

ache na

.o.a.

JC.D:HY MI1JbY 011. OCCKa, HaJJa3H LfeUIIH je

na [vroaenanxoj
a ycpe.u. WyMC CPOH HCMa4KIi.

rpana.
nyCTapa KOjl1

}1alb, xaja
It

TproBIlWTC

jeaaa ecnmca (Csepin, Tschepin),

l1lyMa

CKOM UpKBOM.

xa llYHaBY ca jCll,HOM rp4KoM rtapoxajOenaurau nporonon I1Ma non co6oM 25 napoupcaaa.

XBaTal-bCM CraHoBHHUH MOpyHC.

rocnomaa
no HMajy

Aaaecaaha,
CnaBOHcKH

cf:lHJrnja~HMx Hapo4HTO (Borovo),

ce jaxo fiaae ceno, xoje

PH-

4J.!TaBY cy

acanopanav
OBllC

yneceo
HCKH

cey

6oJIOBOM,

Jbaw{ by6pe OCCK

apenaa,
BPWC

urrane,

auoape

H ryMHa, repajy

b0p060 OTKynHJlO H3

CJlo6o.o.HO

napoxajcxo

ce

3CMlhY,

JKHTO,

H 4CCTO

Y JCD.HOM

30

no

Ma TOMC,

xona npaera ".fllf 060raTI1JJH 6w ce xan

50

nauv

xaercma.

JKHBOTHHX HX HC

Ha~mpHHua;

npeKMCT-

611 cnpeuauano

CTBO. 3CMJba

crape
Ha4HH, 4HTaBY

«ojv pans cas rocnonan CPOH AaaMoBHD npoCC YHaOKOJJO OKO acrose Kyhc carpateae aa HCMa4KW It OH nOMohy nornena MO:lKC In co6c na npernena

von

3) EpiJym (Erdod), jC,[IHO HC 6aw BCJlItKO BJlaCTCJlHHCTBO rpodoaa ¢oH naJHjm (Palffy), KOjl1 ce J60r 'rora naurv Palffy Brdod. Ha IlCTOKY H3Jla31t llCJlOM aa llYHaB, llCJlOM H

Hapo4HTO DCCK, ra

ua cpeacxo
jyry

BJlaCTeJlHHCTBO

Bveoaap, aa
Hvurrap,
D.YHas

JanaJIY

aa

aeaev. Kan !-bCrOBIt JbYllH HC pane, IUU:! can aaonaxo pane, anacnas Y3MC y pyKy TJ.iy6y aa l103HBaf-bC na ItM xpoa rtpoaop BHKHC WTa rpeda .o.a pane. Oane caa CC rOlUfHC 1777. ca Ja.rtOBOlbCTBOM aaapxcao HCKOJII1KO nana.
Can nonaaa
BHTlt4KOr HI·HU-I H HaCTaBHTIf

sa

aa

CpeMCKO a

BJlaCTe.JlHHCTBO ccnepy KaKO

,[ICJlH

pexa

ByKa,

aa

aa
yr1ly

TaKO

on xojer H aa

Ilpaev,

KOjH CC

oeae cnajajy.

3eMlhlfUITC y

je paSHO KOjH

H M04napHO.

onnc

OCTa1lltX

ocau

BJlaCTCJlI1HCTaBa

Baporpa-

KOMll.TaTa.

TI04CFty npeMa

ra

0)1 HCTOKa

na

CpeMCKOj

3anany

110 XpBaTCKc.

Oo6po llalb (Das Ilvnaaa, «ojc na aanannoj H jYIKHOj

2)
KOM.OPCKO TO BJlaCTCJII1HCTBO llJlaCTeJlHHCTBO CTCJllfHCTBO

Kammergut
cl"paHH

Bvcoaap,

aa cesepnoj
D.aJb jc,

Dallja) .o.yIK oevxaara Cpea H crpana lf3.JIaJH aa

HajMal-bC

rpana resa y naaaa apcaeaa [aso YTBplleH H KOjlf jc ,[Iyro 6lio y MaCTI{ OCMaaa. Ho Kan cy OSH romse 1687. nocne remsor nopaJa son Moxaxa, YCJIell IIpH6.rm:lKanaH>a uapcKor reaepana Jl.YHBaJl.lla (Dunwald) caMH no-term uanvurrara no 4HTaBOj CnaBOHHjl1 CBa MCCTa soja cy ce MOrJIa llpIKaTIt, HanyCTHJlH cy H oaaj rpall,. CraHOBHI1l(H ce npexpaaviv najaarue pH60JlOBOM. OraCBOjOM 06alllITH, rpanOM KOjH je pHHe urro cy OB.ll.C

EpiJyw,

rprcecure na llYHaBY ca jCllHIi.M npeaaaa

Epnvr (Erdod).

nonvme,

una-

nabeue oder
Call jc

CBC)104e

na

cy

PHMJbaHJ.l

CTaHOBaJlH

oaora KOMHTaTa, ana ItMa -11110)1110 :lKHTOPO,1lHO aeaeanrre, 06HJlHY CTo·my "aUlY a nooap Pl{601l0B ua IlvaaBy. Kpaaeacxa KOMopa JanOIKI{J1a ra je y npetauneae HOBUCM OCKy.!tHHM BpcMcHHMa rp4Koj apxaenacxonaja y KapJlOBUHMa on aa MancHY npouenara, OmplIJlHKC CyMy on

y oao« vecrv.
AJlMa!y 6rnTO nYHaB. 3HaTHO, (Almas a.JIH

Almasch), CeJlO H

38.000
UlTO

cpopaara.

eoja npCHOC 360r

HOCH «aaare

Oene ce Uawa (?)

ceno H.flH xoje

XBaTa (Zatha),

aaora

xoje je y lI,aBHHHH con xor ce Ilpaaa vnaaa y lleJIHKa aopvaa.

MecTO 0,[1

HC.lUUlCKO PHMJbaHI1Ma

Anaama,
forara H3BabCHe

MaJlO rpan cy

CHPO-

20

JaTO

ronnum,a Baur

rora

nocpa

MaWHO nucum

je non

61i1l0

Cor-

M3HOCIt

3.600

cpopIHITH.

rora

apxHcnH-

KOpVCXKOV. Y

OOOM xpajv

113 3eMlbC

160

161

aaore pliMCKC crapaae. nOHelIITO ce 011 H>HXjour vaes aana3ll «an ce 3M)1a, xona ana Ope HOBa aean,a. Beao Bpoo H TeH>e (Beloberdo und Tenja) cy cena II OflWTIIHe xoje cy ce HOBUCM OCn060,lllIJlC 011 KMeTCTBa. 4) BAaCWeJlUl-iCWeO EaK080 (Diacowar oder Jakovar) 113IICTOKY lleJIlIMlIqHO ua CPCMCKOBJIClCTeJJHHCTBO HvurTap, llCJlOM H, vrnaaaca, aa 06J1aCT Bponcxe peruaeare, on xoje fa aa jvrv mi. rtpamrxnoj lIVlKHHH onaaja pCKa EHO IIJIH Bocvr (Bich odcr Boszut). Ha ceaepaoj CTpaHH npOTH'IC pa60M forara BYKa, xoja oneaja naKOBO on OCCKa II Bannoea. Jlaaan BIICOKIIX Sperosa KOjH cece qllTaBV Kpan,eBIIHY llYlKHHOM, nponaaa Kp03 OBO BJJaCreJllfHCTBO,HO xoje He OCKV,IIeBa V nnonaaa H>lISaMa, CTO'lHoj naura H JIHBallaMa. Haxo OHO lIMa 40 cena, IInaK ce jour aaore cenacxc «vtte HaJIaJC pacyre no MaHIIHH II wyMaMa, lIITO lIMa ,IIOCTaJlOllJlIX 110CJIellHIJ;a. Jep pecnpureaa cenaua rtperrvurreaa cV ca~1H ce61I, HCMajy nOMOfllI on cvceaa, 6CJ HlUI.JOpa cy II ,IIaneKO 0)1 OqHjy CBOjllX lIYXOBHHX II CBeTOBfmx nperrtocraaneaax, qHHC lIITO XOflC II HC Mory ce oapacara y Jamy, Hero nO.IIHRlbajy y rrYCTHH>II. Maora aana nena yMHpy HeKplIITCHa, II «an KaKaR 'l.OBeK JlC){(1I aa caMprlI, OH He MO)KC na ll06Hjc ,IIyxoBHIIKa lIywe6pH){(HHKa, Hero aopa YMPCTH He nplIMHBillH CBeTCrajrre. To npocrpaao snaCTeJIIIHCTBO, qHjlI CTaHOBHIIUlI CKOpO CEll nplInanajv narancxcj UpKBII, ceojaua je KaTOJllIqKOr Sacsvrta CnaB<lHCKOr, KOjH je 1739. nourao OBaMO M3 Boese II KOjll je nesaaa 6HO 6IIcKyrr sarase EOCHe, Xpaarcse H Cnaeoaaje,« Ho neroaa ce 'lUIjcueJa He06H'iHO CMaH>HJla.OH amue l.faK aeaa pC'll:! HH Y EocHH, 6y.n:y1'i1I,IIa nancxa cronaua cana yaeK IIMeHyje aa Socaacsor 6J.fCKyna aajcrapajerrnapmjaaa HJMeoy TpII tPpafbCB<tl.fKa aaaacrnpa V EOCHll, KOjH xao TaKaB npaaa ro,lllIWfbY nnatv 0):1 100 lIYKaTa nJ xace Koarperauajc

aa urapeae HCUITO 60Jbe,

on Tor anacrenancraa, lIeJIOM

JleJ]OM

un

KanTOJlCKe rrpenOJliType, ¢apHHTH roruuuuer HaTepaTII aa 30.000

on

lIpyrlIx

JlOXOlIaKa HMa

25.000

rrpHxolla. OH 6H ce McI'ilfTIIM .TIacpopHHfH, na jour II name, KaJ\ rpehaav rrpllHoca ca CBOjlIX

KO uorao

naaa aa

6H BJIaCHHK caao [ense

ronaae

nenax llMaa,a YJlOlKHO y TO na MX KOPHCHO nofionnra. Ho ROjll he 6HcKyn ,IIaTH HOBau ,IIa ce rrotonura BJIaCre.TIMHCTBO xoje He ocraje ueronoj nopOlUIUH, Hero he y 6YllyhHOCTlf rrplirracTH KaKBOM HerrOJHaTOM My HaCJlCllHHKY, na cae «an 6H raj HOEau aa RpaTKO BpeMe Oll6aUMO 10 lIO 100 npoueaara KaMaTc.9 EaK080 (Diaeo-war,. oder Jakowar, d. i. Jakobsstadt),

4 MIIJbC on Ocesa, BeJIHKO MIl pbaao rpabeao TprOBHllJTe, y KOM cy 6C,UHC xvne, rrjJJhaBC YJlHUC II OKO XlIJbalIY capoaamHHX CTaHOBHHKa. OHIi )KHBe 0):1 aesosopaaae II CTOl.fapCTBU. Bacxvncxa pCJHlICHUHja II xarenpanaa upxea HOBe cy arpane C KojllMa ce OMaWH,ll tPpafbeBaqKll MaHacrup HC MO){(e MepHTH. Topjan (Gorian), CeA!(U (Zelza), Tpnoea (Ternava) cunuu (Kessinzi) cy BCJlMKa rtepoxajcra CeJIa. 5) BaJlu060 (Walpo) je crrojeno II

lee-

ca s.naCTcnMHCTBOMIle-

rpoeah M nC)KH .n:y)K Ilpaae, rtpeaa Mauapcxoj. OHa jc jClIH3 on najaehux y saraaoj Kpan,eBHHH, ana liMa sororo Mo'mapa II 6apa noje npexpaaajv OmpHJlHKC l.fCTBpnI nee anacrenaaCTBa H qHHC fa Heyoorpe6JbMBliM aa 3eMJbOpalilbY; afior- ver-a ce CTaHOBHIIUlI MHOro fiaae Sponapcreoa H pH6apcTBOM. fumCHHK jc cppajxep cpoH Jlpaaaav IIJ Ee'l.a, KOjH je saraeo anaCTC.mmCTBOnao y HajaM aa 23.000 dopanra; HO OHO ,IIOHOClf JaKynHllKy ronaum,e npexo 30.000 rpopnnra.

~0

TOM

6OC3HCKOM

firlcl(yny

roeopno

C~M

Beh

I(fhfl3r!,

55,

aa

cIp.no

nosapa 163

162

Banuoeo, ncopo HaCeJheHOrprcaaurre aa L1eCHoj06aJUi BY'lIfHe, aenanexo on Jlpaee. ITpaCTapM rpan, xoja je CPYlUCH na nOH080 carpabea, 6110 [e panaje vrepbeae. Kan cy ra OCMaHM 1547. aanana, 6yny nOLI s'onCTBOMxpa6pe cynpyre Ilerpa Ilepaaa]a (Peter Perini) oLl6lfjeHH KpBaBHx rnaaa. OBLle je jenaa nena lCOIbH'IKa xacapaa II aenax MaHacTMp nva tppaaeaaua. Ileuspoeun
(Petrovich), 1lJI0LlHO'rpronanrre npeaa ace«oja ce aenaneco 0)1 aera ymfBa y Ilpaav.

LfepoAuja

KY3MO ('I) (Kasman), XYM (Hum), Ilouoeau (Popowacz), (Seralia) If lJa6ylw ('I) (Sabona) cy cena.

KY, na By'llfHH,

6) BAacweAUJtcaieo Opaxoeuua (Orehovicza oder Oreovicza) IIJJla3J.1aa jyry aa ITO)KClUKY )KynaHlijy HilMa MHoro lUYMOBHTHXSpna. Oaa rrpanaaa HCKOMCrocnonmw cpOH MMxaneaah (Mihatyevich). Hajfione je MCCTO. Opaxoeuua, MCCTOca rpanoa (Burgflecken) KOjC JIC)Kll Y nonaoxjv Speroaa. 7) BoliUl .. (Wutchin oder Wukin), MauapcKli Wucsin, BeJIHKO aJIH BpJIO 6PllOBHTO BJIaCTCJIHHCTBO, xoje je rOCnOJlHH npencenaax Koaope, rporp ¢oH EPllC.u.HIf3 Ilo)KYHa, rOJlHHC 1776. xvnao OLI Yrapcse lIBopcKe KOMOpe aa 170.000 ¢oPHHTH. OBHe J.f3BHpeBy'lllHa (Vuchina) H rene Kp03 cpen BJIaCTCJlI.fHCTBa,xoje varaaca jY)KHOM crpaaoa H3Jla31faa TIO)KelUKY )KynaHMjy, a HCTO'IHOM If CCBCPO"CTO'IHOMaa BlipoBliTH'IKO BJIaCTe.Jl1.fHCTBO. npwlaay, y 6pllHMa liMa cnojeea I1lo)Kba TIo II ceasojaxax uerana, 'IaK If cpe6pa. To je nOllCTalCJIOKp. KOMOPYna nonran,e OHaMO llCKYCHC pYllapc soja cy Speroee acnarana If rnc ron 6H ce nOKa3a.JIHrperoerr, aapenarm na ce «ona. Ila JlH cy nauma cnojeee It )KHUC rscceba llJI1.f He, Hllje 06jaBJbCHO; a Marro 3aTltM svnao je BJIaCTemmCTBOnpeacesmnc Koaope. TOJlllKO je 1t3BCCHOna nOqCTKOM ronaae 1778. anje fixo cane OTBOpeH Hll jellaH jClIHHll PYLlHIfK, urraBIfUlC, HHCY aa TO '{'I"aCHC Hll aajaaae npenpeae. BoliUH (Wutchin cder Wukin) MeCTOca rpanca y nnaanHJ.f,H3MCby 11300pa lIBejy pesa. 164

R) BAacUieAUNcwBO Bupoeumuua (veroviticz, Werowitisch, oder Verowicza), jenao OLI uajeenax y t.UfTaBOj KpaneBHHH, HJJla3H aa IfCTO'IHOj crpaaa ua DpaBY a na aartazv )leJIHMIf'lHO sa BO'"!HH, lICJIHMH'IHO na XpBaTcKY. BeJII1KIf nee oaora npC.!ICJIanospaaajv 6ape H WyMC. Ho HCMa ocxvaane HIf y llJIO)l.HHMlhHBaMa, vnpaso acnrunaxa: OB)1C-OHlIeaacabeHH cy 6PC)KYJbUH BllHorpa)1HMa KOjH )lajy lIo6po BHHO. Ca)lalUlhll nOCClIHIfK, rporp CPOH Ilelaveaah (Pejachevich, Peatschewisch), uaja noponaua noraae J.f3 Bvrapcxe a y CaaeoHlljH je CTCKJIaBeJI1.fKaanatsa, )KIfBI1 caa oaae If apenaohoa II TPYliOM aa paJJlIf'JRTe aa-mne BCOMa je nonpaBliO caoje BJIaCTeJIIfHCTBO. 3Mcny OCTlUlOr, aaore cy nyCTC 3CMJbe aa H lheMY Y'lMaeHC nJIOllHMM, HCYllIeHC »o'eare H CTBopCHa HOBa' cena, <llljH CTaHOBHlIUH nnahajv npeMa TOMe )1CCeTaKIhCMY a HC CBeIllTeHCTBY. Behaaa CTaHOBHMKacy KBTOJUlUM.HexaneKO on oeora BJIaCTeJIllHCTna JIe)KH y Xpearcsoj HOBll rpan ECJIOBap (Bellovar), xoja je aajnemua y <lmanoj Xpearcxoj. Bupoeuiauua (Verowiticza, oder Verocza, oder Werowicza), aexaaa Verucia, )lo6po HaCeJbeHO, lKJ.lBaxHO H BeCCJIO CMeWTCHOrproeaurre y npajarnoj nnonsoj OKOJIHHH.Ha iv)KHOj CTpaHH JIC)lCHSpno non BHHOrpaJUfMa npexo xojer- lfll,e nyr, HO KOjJ.l je TaKaB na ce Holly lhHMC HC MO)KC rrvroaara 6e3 ormCHOCTH no )KIf BOT. Jep nyr npeJIa3H npeKO HajBHlllMx epxoaa Sper-a, npJlo je Y3aH If, no onaatuuea ooasajv, HeMa ca cTpaHa orpa.u.y; a C o6e cTPaHe nexe lIy6oKe, once-rae If cTpMe )lOJlHHe. Y CpClI MeCTa Blfll,H ce He caao nena KOlbIf'lKa KacapHa Hero M «oeocarpatca If npocrpaa ¢palbeBa'lKH xaHaCTHp ca KpaCHOM napoxajcxox UPKBOM H neno ypeneHOM anOTeKOM. Kanvbepa ce 6pIfHY KaKO aa L1yllIy TaKO H aa TCJIO CTaHonHIIKa MeCTa If 06JlMlKlbllX cena, 6y.u.yhM na cy y HCTM Max nonoea, anOTCKapH H nexapa. Jep aananeso H HauJHPOKO He MOlKe ce aana JICKap nna anOTCKap IIJlH paHap, lUTO je
165

eeoaa

aenpajaraa

xcarona

y Cnaeonaja

H y CBHM illlMpcKHM

;rnjcKa HliUlt.

CMa,

01l.

«ojax nocnenua naa

(Vaska),

JlCJKe

aa xpearcxcj

rpa-

3CMIbaMa.

0130
cnOMCHHKa

MecTO IIITO

je cy

npacrapo,

H no

CBe,1l0'{aHCTBY 6H1I0

pa3JUf411THX Ben

CCJla

Bacsa
cV

onnc xahena,
BeKY MUPHjc, 6HlIO y

je HaCCJbeHO je YllOBH,{KO

non

nu]

KY"IbeHa ¢oPHHTH

PliMJbtlHHMtl.

Cpe.ll.H.CM

6HlIO

CCllHWTe

24.711

Couie [Szopie) It CllOiTilmQ (Szlatiromne 1761. 01l. aarpeoasse 6HcKYllHje aa Ii 27 xpajuapa H cnojena ca OBHM BJlaCTenHH-

eauapcxe
3aTHM je HHCY ymuIH

KPaJbHUe MecTO

HO OHa

nvro

onnc HHje CTaHOBaJIU. noceav rpopona I>amtm, 1l0K

CTeOM, y KOMe

Ii JJeJKC.

Ocaaua, 3aY3CJlH TO aecro H lIa,{HHHJlH on: aera ll06po vrapteao OOjHO 360pHllITe, sojc cy .ll.p)l(aJJlt y CBOjOj anacru on: 1524.1101687. rOll,HHC. OItO je nQCJJe -rora IlOCTaJlO rJlaBHO MecTO ,{HTaBC )l(ynaItHje, xoja je no H.CMV 1l.06HJla HMe Ii jour ra HOCH. Y I-bCMY ce HaJla3H H M01l.epHa 1l.o6po carpabeaa )l(ynaHHjcKa Kyl'ta, y KOjOj CTaJlHO 60paBH jeaaa )I(ynaHHjCKH 4J.1HOBHHK H sarsaaa ce jour o1l.p)l(aeajy )I(ynaHHjcKc csvmrrraee, na odaee TaMOWH.e jaeae nOCJlOBC. Y cpen xecra, aa jell,HOM npIUIH'{HO BHCOKOM 6pe)l(YJLKY, ltaIla3J.1 ce jenna vnona onana sereepovraona rapbaaa, soja je OIlKOIbCHa WHaJJH can aafinaheanu onxonoa, ca nC6eJlHM 3HnOBHMa Ii '1eTHpH '{BpcTO carpabeae «vne ua CBa ,{CTHPH yrna. Bapajv CC OHIt KOjH TIf TBpbaBY llP)I(C aa neno PHMJbaHa. UHrJIC H recano xaaea,e, xao H nvursapaane. WTaBHwe ,{HTaB Ha4HH 3H.ll,aH.a rOBOpH npcras omrrrer MHlllJbCH.a; HO TeMeJl,H, «oje HI1CaM acmrraaao, MO)f(ll,a H noTH'IY 0.11 Paanana. CBOj npltllHlUl carpanana cy TV TBpbaBy rpotoaa 6aHcj:>H a 3aTltM
POKHM,

9) TYPUl!08alf (Turanovacz) JlCJKH aa Jlpaaa a ca CBHX ocranax crpasa onxonea je npenO)lHHM BJlacrellHHCTBOM. Moseape H UJYMe ,{HHe HajschH nee oeora «asor BJlaCTCJlllHCTBa Tvpauoena, etor sera CC CTaHOBHHQH BJ.lIlIC Saae CTOvapcreoa, pH60JlOBOM It Sponapcrao» ner-o aeenopamoa. UCCTa 01l. Fpannmxe H 6polla ICp03 ClIaBOHltiY Ii Mauapcxv aa nOJKYH, Eeq HT1l.. nponaaa onvna. Ha .upaBJ.l V CBalCO 1l06a CTOjl:! crtpeasa cxena, na aa npaa 3HaK npeaeae nynrn:Ke ca I-bJ.lXOBHM KOI-bJ.lMa, KOJlHMa Ii npr.n,arOM Y MauapcKO cenc
Eap'l Ita .npyroj CTpaHH peKe; a H 06paTHo.

Orvna

norace
no-

HMe TOMe 6ap,{KOM pe1l.

npenaav.
rope BeJlHKO

OBO BJIaCTeJ]HHCTBO rpo¢y cpolt

npanana

Bo'IHHa

Ben

nOMcHVToM

Typanoeau,
CTeJlHHCTBa,

ceno,
Y 080j

Haj60Ibc

Epncna. je MCCTO oaora

3a6CJlc)l(HTIi Ii

unajour

KOjC no

K>eMY HOCH HMC. JKynaHHjJ.l (Drenovacz)

no

naa

rp'IKa

Hanccnerev rpefe aaaacrapa:

Ilpenoeau

OpaX08UlfY

(Orahovicza).

je

OCMaRI1

60Ibe

norepana aa
Hero PC4CHC

o.ll.6paHY,

nOWTO

ce

onaane
HMa3e

He

caao
llOMeTY

,{I1TaBO

MeCTO,

Ii o6JJH)I(l-ba ,{CTHPH

OKOnI1Ha, cy

V jczmoj npocrpaav llPYrJ.JMa )l(HTHH Mara3liH 1UIJ.l aM6ap aa MHOro paua )l(HTa. Taj crapli rpan naje ,{HTaSOM TProBHlIITY pm,laHTH'{aH aarnea H BeCClIH O'iH nvraaxa. YOCTaJJOM, craHoBHHLI.H
MCCTa cy pHMOKaTonHQJ.l.

rpob

opvaqa. Flcjaaeeah

KVJJC TaKO

BCJUtKe,

vpeaao

aa na je xancnv, a y cromaa MeKy H

II. nO)KeWKa )KynaHHja [Bocseganer (Poscheganer) Gespannschaft]

QBa JKyllaHlija

Ilosceia

(Boczega)

rpaHH'lH

CC

eaTCKOM,

ceaepv ca BHPOBHTlit{J(HM a sa jyry ca BojHOM

JJ.Y)l( CaBC. Ii

KOMHTaTOM, rpaHHuoM

aa (Land

3ana,u;y der

na HCTOC XpGranzsolH3

daten]

Jlauau
ce

BJ.lCOKHX

Speroaa

KOjJ.l KpOl

H3HlIa3C

loba),

Muxonau (Miolzi), Melbaflu (Melinni]. BUA>t:80 (?) (BilTYPHUWW/U (Tumosicza) Ii rpaoQl/ (Gradacz) cv napo-

XpBaTCKC

nporeacv

CTBO 6aKOBO

H 06J1aCT

aa J.lCTO'fHoj CTpaHM Bponcxe perHMeHTC

enacrenaaCKOPO

rtpcspnea

166

167

'll.fTaB xpaj. Jlehaec, nO,nJeMHH 6C3JlaHH H jaae Bltbajy ce y nJJaHHHaMa aa CBe CTpaHC; ann cy jour MIIJIO acmrraaa, urro je 'lCCTO OnaCHO 360r MCl(Be,na, KOjM ce y lhHMa pane HaCTalh~jy. Ho anax liMa rtoecrne H nJIO,nHHX,nOJIHHa If paaaaua, KOJC.I1C)I(COTllpM.I1HKe 30 CTOl1a naure on Caae If Ilpaae. Chy_ H nOTOKa xoja aaaonsaaajv CJ1aBOHMjy li"3BHpy 6MJ1o Y oaoj )l(ynaHHjM, 6H.I10 aa lhCJHHHM rpaaanaua. J1CKOBI.fTMTOIUllf M3BOpH HMr,ne HHCY 'leWnM HO OIUlC. 11 aa3Jlyx je MHOro :mpaBlfjH H 'lHCTlfjlf Hero y OCTIIJIHMspeieanea. 360r 6p.aOB(.{TOr 110.l10)«ajajaae je paaeajeacscrcsapcrao aer-o aeaeopaes,a. Arm cy ICOlhlt, BOJlOBHH npvre n(.{TOMe )«HBOTMlhe oene MaJblf Hero y OCTaJIOM,neny KPIIJ'hCDIfHC. Y cpHaaa, 3C'leBM1I!a M ,l:(MBJhOjnepana soja ce MOII<e JCCTH HeMa OCKY,l:(Hue.npe)KYJbUIf cy aacabesn BIIHOrpa,l:(HMa; a aapovaro runaeaaa, on; 'lHjcr CC nnona CBaKe ronane neqe HeOOH'lHa KOJlH'lHHa uusaaoaaue HJlH paxaje (Schlivavicza oder Raki).

na echasa peaaua

BOne pacre TV H TaMO 110 6p,nHMa 'llljlf cy DPXOBIt BeliHHOM 110KpHBeHMWYMOM. Y xpaCTOBHM U1YMaMaHMa3e CC H3DpcHe rpade, aa xoje CTaHOBHMUH He 3Hajy H xoje HCKH nyr HJPHjy eBJ.llhe I-bYW«OM. Itpeeacxonaa nap I1pHpoD;C je .lI.HBHIf JlYDaH, KOjM cane pacre y aeeepoaamoj KOJlH'lHHH, n;IIJICKO aaaeama XpBaTCKH H eauepcsn, a 113DpcTaHje II aa urupraae H aa rrvtueac. Kao .nyBaH aa rtvureese, 011 MaJIO YCTV"lla KaHaCTcpy, a sao .lI.ynaH aa WMpKaH>C npHJlH'lHO je 6J1H3Y U1naHCKOM, a HHje TaKO uenocrojan «ao oHaj.1I1 TIo CBHM CCJba'lKHM KynaMa naca y jecea llYBaH 01l03ro no none. TIOIKCWKH .uynaH epno [e OMHJbeH y HTa.l1HjH, -re CC CaBOM H Kvnoa npeB0311 Sponoenaa y Kapnosan y Xpnarccoj, a onannc TOBapHHM KOlhHMa aa MOpe, na ce 3aTIlM H3B03H npeso
III nOlKeW~llllYBIIIl je no 60jll J!(yrOMPJ(. 1llTO BIlUIC syqc ua )f(yro TOjC JIIl~hC 5oJbC. 350r TOrB CC lKyrH fiapa aa IU~lpJ(BIhC a MpKIl aa nyrnclJ,c: JhlluhcJc06f1'1Hollyro nona crone. Y HCJ(fliIIMaCTCJlHHcrUIlMH ~lopajyCTa. >!<l"HHIIH ca.D 06pallu !ly~aH Il()(llWTIl JaKynHHJ(Y, y lIpynlMa Hilla rproeaun
J1YBaH\)M KOJH KyrrYJYOllCDIlX.

D~BJbC

Cena, Pajexe H TpCTa; HO aopa HMaTI! 6ap jcJl.HY ro.IDHfY, HHa'iC HcrpyHe aa MOpy. Pannje je MlllJIO aa HTaJIHjy jezaa 10.000 UCHTH rOJIHUlI-bC. Ho jean je HDItO rpateacsa paT H3MeEly BCJlHKe Eparaauje It 13 y.npy)KeHIIX .np)KaBa Ceaepae AMCPMKC, HMCY EHrJlC3H MOrJlIt 1l06Hjam aaure TOJ1HKOnvsaaa xao npe, I13 BHpuHHHje H Mapajase Seane, -re OTV.IIa HIICY enure MOrJ1H.II0BOJbHOcaatueeara HTaJIIIjy, ¢>paHuycKY, XoJlaH.nHjy, Illecacsv '" np. aMepH'lKItM nveaaoa. Orana ce H3B031i li3 CnaBOHHje y HTaJlltjy npeKo 50.000 ueHTH ronaunee, y KOjltMa liMa nonvtue It aeurro xpDaTCKor H MauapcKor .IIyaaaa H3 CiUCTa II J.l3 Bpzen,a. CaMO ua Tpcra H)lC aa HTa.lIHjy ronaunsc 30.000 nearn, a M3 Cena H ca Pajesc ompanaxe MCTOTOJlHKO.11Illraaame, cppaHuycKM, XOJlaHlJ,CKH WBCllCKIt H 6po.nOBH vepnaeajv y TpcTV, Y JIHBOPHY Ii sa cajMY Y CHHItran,H (Sinigaglia) 'lCCTO I10lKelUKH .aynaH, KOjll ce y caaoj JeUJbIi H3 npse PYKC rtpoaaje aa 8 <PoPHHTH, a y Tpcrv 12 <PoPHHTH UCHTa no cpe.l1H:.OjUCHH, noWTO je npeHOC 0.11TIoaccre no Janpanceor uopa npno csvrr. Ilpc HO lUTO jc HJ6HO eCBcpHOaMCpH"IKH paT crajana je uena »aoro HH)KC, arm ce OHa 1i3 rOJlHHC y ro.llJfHY neue Y CKJ1a.uyca CBC BenHM ro.nIlWH,ltM H3B0lOM . .u06ap nee ODe lI<yrtaHMje lOB ... ce Malia BllalJ!Ka. DHa 1I0'lHH.C KOD, rpan.a Iloxerc (Pojeg), nporecse ce «a cenepoaanaav rtpeMa rpaay Ilaspanv, onarne ea aenan JlO Xpaarcee, na caaa aa jyr IlpeKO Case JlO y Bocav; ocvxaara naxne Ii Jana.nHII nco OHe 06J1aCTH, aa rpaHII!.IJI npeMa Xpnarcsoj, KOjy .Il.ylK Cane nacraavje I'panxursaucsa pCrIlMCHTa, na je rajco Kpaneaa BCJ1MKa (Kralieva oder Kralowa Velika) 6MJ1a aexaaa rJ1aBHO MCCTOMaJIe Bnaunce, a can je nas caao MaJIO
II rOD,lllle 1776. Jl06W1H cy l"pTORI.I1l1l npeKynUIl y Tpcry 113pa3HIIX npucrauuurra nanor .aaOJlM3X nOWaIby50.(X)'JuclfTM nOJl(CWKOr JIYIIiIHa. Ho TaJ(O BC.nHJ(aJ(OJlH'lHHa IlHjC cc eoma Jl0CT3 6pJ() npcncru OIl Cn3BOHHjC Y T("ICT cam urro y Kap,noBuy HHjC 6HJlO 1I000JbHO KOH.~. Y [(apJlOBUY I1CMa -rcpcnutx «ona, aero ce caa pooa »opa npcuoc'rru Ha MOpe aa J(OH.CKHM JlCbHMa.

168

169

MeCTO It ne)!(H y 06JJaCTH peseae peruaenre. l-bw 1l0JIa3H O.!I Bnaxa KOjH cy ce oene HaCTaHHJIH. OHH cy ce nonvure H3Memana ca CrraBOHUHMa It Ja60panHJIH CBOj MareplM{ je3HK, ana cy anax y CBOMe xapasrepv, y )KHBOl)', 06H'IajItMa H aaaaxaaa laIlp)!(anlf jour anore upre no KojHMa ce MO)!(e nOlHaTH H.HXOBO BJIaIllKO nopesno. CnH CTaHonHHUH (H3YleB nncaahe ca H>HXOBHMnopoaauaMa H HeMa'fJ(e KOH>aHHKe KOjH cy nOHCKaIl caeurreaa y xacapaaaa aaa rpaaoea) cavaaaaajv 53.000 .nyrna,ll 011 sojax D.Be 1pCnHHe npananajv ItCTO'lHOj upKnH, OCTanH npananajv

aananno].
Maaa je )!(ynaHHja nvaa BHCOKHX Spcr-oaa, anax cy ueere HcocnopHO Haj60JLe y '1HTaBOj Cnaaousja, xao IllTO je Ben pe'lCHO.1J Y lhHXOBO o.np)!(anaH.e vnazae cc anoro 'rpvna. Y HeKHM xpajesaea c 06c crpaHe uecre aacabeao je BOne, H3Nefly KOf ce nyryje. Onae rne je 3CMJI,a MO'InapH3 nOll}ITHyrn cy HaCHfJH npeeo xojax rtpenaaa necra. Oeae ce H MOCTonH ollpll<asajy 60JhC Hero y OCTanHM JKynaHHjaMa. Oaae ce pattyHa JCAaH KpaJLeOCKH Cn060.!1HH rpan H 13 nneMHnKHx eaacreaaacraea lllra je KpaJbencKH CJI060llHH rpaa, TO je o6jaIlllheHo aeh rope.« Cn06011H" rpan oae )!(ynaaaje jecre: Itoocea (Boczega. Poschega oder Pojeg), xon Mauapa Posega, rnaaao MeCTO '!.HTane )!(ynaHHje, caeurrcao aa vanoj peua Opnaaa (Orlova oder Onawa), CTapa pHMcKa KonOHHja xoja ce aaana Inicemum. OHa je naaac OTBOPCH rpan 6e3 vmpbesa. ca je.!IHHM CTapHM HanYWTeHHM 6p.nCKHM 3aMKOM, 11 HNa OKO 600 rpabaacxm «vtta, 0.11KOjHX cy «uore carpaheHe BpJlO .!106po. )KynaHHjcKa Kyha je HOBa, npocrpaaa H nena
I~ nplllll\~O),f onum:r nomea rrpenvacta romlflc In6. 'IlITaBO)lJ(ynaHlljIl15.8J7oJJpaCllllxMVUJK3paua,Il.446J1c'IaK3I1cnonncTIlacCTr0J1l\lIa,14.824onpaCJIc;i(CllcII10.554JlclIOj'llluclicnOnnCTIlaCCTrOllll_ H3; npeMa TOMe, caera52.641 nywa IJ Y I KH.HJH oaora ncna, § 7, crpana 17. 14 To jCCT Y II Kft.HJII, § 24, ere. 124 Y npl1MCllfill aamno ce y

arpaaa, y sojoj ce aanaaa saaneaapaja H pcracrparvpa )!(ynaauje, sao H CTaH aenaxor )!(ynaHa H nonxvnasa H .apyrHx '1IiHOBHIiKa, a IiCTO TaKO je .IlafhY H Hohy '!.YBajy lKynaHHjcKH naanvpn, KOjH npxce crpaev. Oaae ce aanaaa SeJlHKH cppa",caal.J.KH aaaacrap ca U.pKBOM, H jonr nonpx 'rora nee KaTOJIH'!.KC upsne, on KOjHX [enna HOCH IiMC ca. Tcpeae H cjajuo je carpabeua y HOBOM CTHJly. Ilarponarcxo npaeo H3.Il npenoaal)'poM CB. Flerpa aeao je HHa'!.e 3arpe6a'lKH 6HcKyn; 0111703, MeByrnM, napvjc ra xpars. Ilpocrpan« H nonaanaaa jeavuretcH KOJlcmjYM ca YHHncp3HTCTOM npereopea je rO.!1HHe 1776. y nfMHa3Hjy, 0 xojoj ce «eo jaBHH Y"'HTCJLH 6PHHY 6 sanvtepa navnanaua y3 noach HCKOJIHKO6HBIllHX je3YHTa. CeM TOra, l3rpc6a'lKH 6HcKyn HMa cane KOH3HCTOPHjy. Epoj CTaHOBHHKa HlHOCH 3.600 nvtua. KOjH ey CBH pHMOKaTOJlHWf, 6yn:yhe na [e rpan, HCTO xao H Flerpoaapanaa, l106HO npaao na H3 npeea rpabaacraa H noceaa Hen0KpeTHHx ll06apa MO)!(e HCKJb\"lHTH CBe l1J1Hpe KOjH cy l.J.JlaHOSH rpsse upxae. A cea 'rora, CTaHOSHHQIl, KOjH cy Bel\J.l.HOMHMyIi.HJ.l.H noopo CTOjC, O.!IaSHOey aa rnacv na MHMO CSHX npvrax npaBHJlHO aarouapajv J.UJHptKit je3HK,' npJ.UJJ.l.I.J.HO I.J.HeTOrOBOpe H nerto munv; HO CpCMUH HX Y OP()""e lour Ha)DtaIllyjy. Haase jc cane MJITBO 11 THXO sao na ccny, 3aTO urro y rpaav HCMa HH MaHycpaKTYpa, rpfOBHHe HI{ Sponapcraa, HH nrreacraa, a

jour

MaH.e nocaae. Onaj Kpan.eSCKH cn060.!IHH rpan je HMynaH: fhCMY npHnana '1HTaBO rpancxo OKpy)!(jC ea 6 cena, I.J.HjHcy CTaHOBHHUH KMCTonH H nOllJlO)!(HHUH rpana. lhHMe vnpaaaa concraeaa aaracrpar, KOjH jenuora 1t3 caojc cpeaaac WaJhC na .1Ip)!(aBHH caoop, H HMa BHIlly H HHJKY CYllCKY enact K3KO aan rpaIlOM TaKO H nan oKpy)!(jeM Koje My npartana. IlJlC~lHnKHx BJIaCTeJlHHCTaBaxoja nexe y OBOj lICynaHHjH aa 6pojy je 13, HJJl.l Y craapa caao 11, noUITO je jellHo 011 H.HX pacnapsaao aa TpH nena. Ilo'lHHoCM onHcyjynH BJI3CreJIHHCrna aa aananv, a uacraeahv KpehyoH ee npeM3 HCTOKy. 171

170

1) BnaCTeJlHHCTTlO KyfiiUfla (Kuttinja oder Kuttina} npHIl3,I1<I1IO paanjc nona Cnaaoaaja a nona XpBaTCKoj, jean je je rpanexaa peaa 6HJla jow Hsoea, xoja, nopen Ilnxpe, npom'le Kpo3 BJlaCTCJlHHCTBO ceaepa aa jyr It cexe ra y JlB3. jenxasa ca nena. Can. je aa rpaHHUY nOCTaWhCHa pexa J10lLa (Lugna od.er Lonja), xoja na 3anany OBO BellHKO H IlJlOllHO BJlaCTCJIHHCTBO lICJlH on XpBaTCKe;l~ OHO ce aa jY)JCHOj CTpaHI1 rpaHlflHl ca BojHOM rpaHHQOM, TO jeer ca fpallHW'IaHCKOM peraaesroa. Canaunea WlaCHHK je rpocp CPOHEpll.e)lH. KyfiiuHa (Kuttinja), 1proBHIlfTC HCll.anCICO on xpaarcxe rpaaaue. nano je IiMC '1HTaBOM WlaCTeJlItHCTBY. EafiiwJil (Battina) H I1I106a (Illova), nna cena aa pel.l,l1 J.1JIOBH. Cnenena 1pH WlaCTeJlHHCTBa xoja aajenao JlC)KC Y Manoj Bnauncoj, Ilaxpau, Cupa« H ,D,apyeap (Pakracz, Czirach und Daruvar), rpaHH'IC ce ca XpBaTCKOM M CDa 1pH npananajv jellHoM rocnozapv, TO jeer rOCIJOll,HHV rpo¢y laHKoBHIi.V CPOH Jlapvaap (Jankovics VOII Daruvar), KOjH jc H KpaibCBCKH BCJlHKM )KynaH IlO)KClllKC )KvnaHMjc. Ona 06YXBaTajy 3 nena rproaaurra, 79 ccna M 151/.! HCMa'IKHX MJlH reorpadxeax KBanparaax MHlba, -re cy OTY)I aeha 0)1 IlOHeKe npaee KHC)KeBHHe V Heea-raoj. Caa TPH cV aonvme 6prtODHTa, HO urtax 1-!Majy BCOMa nnonae nonaae, jaeo CTOl.Japcrno, enorc M BCJlHKe WJl,MBMKC, a noaerne Ii aaaorpana. Ilpe ceera npvror, Ba)KHO je ODl.JapcTBO1-1 CDHJlapcTBO, 6y.n;Vli.u na cv crena OnnCMCH.eHa CTpaHHM oauaaa. Y caanapcrao yn3)Ke ce TOJ1MKOTPV.aa, na cc y 'ra rpa BJlaCTCJIHHCTB3.n:06l1ja MHOro II H31lpcHC CBHJle. B.nacHMK aacroja na rtpexo cBOjMX l.JI1HOBHMKa,KOjlt cV )leJIMMHl.JHOHeMUH, V)lecii JeMJhopanH>y UITO je eaure «orvhao aa HCMal.JKMHal.JHH, na CCIbaUHMa lla noncrpexa aa pan, na vaerte MCXaHM'fKe BCWTHHC M Mauy¢a~, na .n:ODCllCODaMO 1t3
I, Anll ~~::~c CC 000 6.1!aCTCJ1ItflCTBO ac rpanlllJII C.DYIl3 ca XPI).1TCKOM, jcp peru-

HCMal{KC aeurre aajcrope

(Ki.instler)

M KopHCHe pannaxe

(Fa-

brikunten]. CBC aeaasxe aaaarnaje H MaHy¢aKTYPHCTIi KOjH ce HaCTaHC y OBa Tpl-l BJIaCTeJ1I:1HCTBa .ll.o6Hjajv VlIo6HO ca-

rpabesv KVhy Ii n{XIC1paHV 6aurry; non VCJ10BOMna MX V6Ynyhc H3Ml-lpHBWII KynODHY UCHY nOCTenCHO nnare, xan .n.oby
y MoryhHOCT. OHI-I 3aup)J(aaajv 1-1 caojy HCMa'IKY CJ1060.n:V1:1 aa H311cCTaH 6poj ronaaa, yTIlpbeH C !bHMa, OCJIo60beHH cy on nOLtJIO)KHH'IKOr naaaea. Benana THX .lbYll,H vcneea caCBHM .n.06po H HMa BIIWC nOCJ1a HO UITO MO)Ke na ra ypa,IUI, TC

rrpexa TOMe aapabvje uoaaua M He CTOjM noure. Bpoj CTaHOBHHKa jour HMjC BCJlHKH H 113HOCH5000 nvura. Ca.n;aWH.H anaCHMK xvrtao jc ra 3 BJlaCTeJlHHCTDa rOll,HHC 1760. jellHo aa
rtpVrHM aa yMCpeuy cM HOBua; ana HX je CBOjHM, 011 Bora Ol.JHrJIC,IlHO6JlarOCJlOBJbeHHM TPy.n:OM, Bch npliMCTHO notionwao M V3 SeJlHKe TPOllIKOBC noaeo y TaKBO CTaH>C,na OHM 6C3 H HajMaH>er vnseraeaaa nO.!l.aHHX, C KojHMa ce nocrvna BpJ10 Snare, llajv cana 1pHI1YT aaure npeuoca Hero non npeeaur!bMM BJlaCHHUHMa. Ha caa 'rpa BJlaCTeJ1HHCTBa Da)KM CV.II.CKOnpaao MaCTe· JlMHa; ana He KPHBI-I'lHO; MebYTHM BJlaCTeJlHH MOIl\C H3pHuaru KaJHC TaMHHU,e, WH6alLa M lip. On CTaHOBHHKa "'PH l.JeTBpTHHC npanaaajv HCTO'lllOj a caao jc.n:Ha l{eTBPTHHa aanaauoj upKBH. 3a VHHjaTe OB)lC ce aaurra HC 3Ha. Onacanv jenao IlJI!lCTCJlHHCTBO aa lIpyrHM. 2) B1IaCTCJlHHCTBOIlaspau (Pakracz, Pakrascb) HMa aa jV)KHoj M aanaanoj CTpUHM aa rpaHHUY een onacaao ll06po KyIlfHY. Hnoea VI Ilaspa rtpcravv xpoa OBO 3HaTHO H rreno BJlaCTeJlI-IHCTBO,y KOMe CC HaJla3H jenao 1prOBHllITe H 50 ceJIa. Cpaa, aexeaa, Te1pC6a, jape6l-1Qa, KaMClLapKIt, uusvxa 11 rtp. I1Ma OBllC V H3YJeTHOM 06HlbY, Hc06Ml.JHa KOJIMl{MHa J1HCMQa, a MHorH na M aajnena MeJl.BCllM y .lby6HTeJh noaa, Taj uarne aene Ma,JlRce He MO)KC CMalhHTH V 6pllMMa cc cpenv BCOMa 'lHTaBOj Kpan.eBMHH. Ko jc HahH aa H> 60JhC npHJ1HKe, 173

HJMCby ....II~ J1ClKlI aa peua 110....11 yJaIl norac Fpanaursaacee

172

KoioM ce apenao xopacre o¢J.lI.I.J.lPH UlTO CV OB,llC CMCUITeHJ.l, na KPHWOM aanaae y DJTaCHJ.lKOBafipau.:« a Ilospau (Pakracz), Y3)l,Y)({HO, L106po carpabcao Ii Bp1l0 npajamo 1prOBHUlTC aa Ilaxpa, y aronnoj, nnonnoj Ii IJ..Yrynacroj )l,OJlJ.lHH xoja je cnacaaa BHCOKHM Wyr.IOBJ.lTHM 6PllHaa. Y MecTY I-IMa 282 rpabaucxe svhe, jcnna naraacsa napexajcxa upaae, CMCWTCHa aa BPxy jCD,HOr crpaor 6pcIKyJhKa J.l neno carpabeaa, L10 xojc y3 6per BO)l,CBHCOKCCTCnCHHl.IC; xao H Bpn:O aronaa rpqKa napoxajcxa lIpKBa, soja je BJIan;HqaHCKa cefopaa upxaa, H jour .Il.BC rpqKC KanCJIC; nane I1pocrpaHa KacapHa aa HCMa'lKC KOlhaHHKC; nlXlc1paHH, KOlha, aarapaua aa MCJhaBY, Snaona H .lip. nyH Majyp rocnonaaa rpopa JaHKODHha on jlapvaapa, KOjH je OB,llC nonarao BCOMa ncn nepaBOj ca craKJICHOM 6aurroM 1-1 jC.Il.HOMnenoa OpaH)I(CpHjoM, xao H MHore arpaze nOTpOOHe aa 3CMlbOpa.llH,y, aa npawep IKJ.lTHe varatntae H aM6ape, MYJhaqC aa rpoxche, nonpvwe, ncuapc aa paxajv, neuape aa Ill.IbHBOBHUY, BO.llCHHUCH np. Cae 're non,onpHBpe.llHC arpane cV Hc06H'lHO l1JX>CTPaHcH -rpajxo rpatene. MebyrnM, pcnoana craa BJIaCHHKOB,KOjH JJCIKH V cpea MCCTa I{ Ben jc crap, He nana cncna aapo-nrro y OqH, arm je yroJlHKO VJl.06Hl{jc vpete» VHYTPawH,1i ACO. OIl)l,C je H peJl.OBHO CCl(HUITe rpcxora B.II<Ul.HKC cnaaoacxora, H.CroBC KOH3HCTOPHjC H jeaaora nlXlTc, KOjH J.lMa non c060M 9, napoxeja H 52 cpHJmjaJIHc UpKBC. "4I1TaBO BJIa)l,l{qaHCTDO cacroja ce OLI 9 I1POToIlol1HjaTa HJJH npen03Hrypa, 100 napoxaja I{ 473 <pHJlHjaJIc. Oenaunea BJI<UlHqaHCKa pe3H)l,CHUltja carpabeea je aa HCTOqlha'lKH HaqHH H cnona jc Harpnana ca TOJJHKO»aoro urapcaax vxpaca na JJHql{ CKOPO ua waXOBCKY Ta61lV H Heo6tl'lHa jc sa OKO. Haavrpa ra BCJIHKa arpaaa HHTH je noopo vxpaurcaa HHTH Vll06HO vpebeaa: MCbyrHM llOMaha KanCJIa BJI<UI.H'fHHaxoja CC HaJla3H V aoj Bp1l0 je aromta It nena. J-beMY npenanajv aaora HMaH,a, lIHBaD,C,
Ih lClIaH nopv'max HMa06H~aj 113 KpHWOMy6HjC rOIDtWIbCHCKOJUlK(I CTOTHHa3e'lCBaHMHOrocpK3.KojcycyceJl(;nynpo.lliljcl!cnollpyKc

noaa H aaaorpaaa KOjH ce HaJla3C V OK01lltHH, a cSYD.YOK01l0 MeCTa vcneaa I1pHjaTHo H aapaao DHHO. H3rlleD. «pea npoaope MHOrltX Kyha H3 6pCIKYJbKC KOjl{ cv oKltheHlt BHHOrpaD,HMa, BOhH,alll{Ma H u6YH,eM, H xoja ce ylLl.lt)l(V xao KaKaB aMcpHrearap, CTB8.pHOje najnemua UlTO ra OKO BH)l,CTH MOiKC. A UITO CC THqC CTaHOBHIiKa, OHH ttpaaaajv HCTO'llha'llCY lIPKBV, mV3eB 60 pfiMOKaTOJlH'IKHX noponxua. OHH cV HMYhHH, otina-re ce D.06po aa H1lHpcKH HaqHH H fiaae ce VrlIaBHOM 1prOBHHoM. Y csopo CHaKOj rpabaacxoj KvnH HMa3H ce MaH,H D.Vl'laH HlIH 1'prOHa'lKa fionra. EiVD.VhH na ceaaua CBaKC HeD.en.e nonaae y rpaa, KaKO KVnoBHHc TaKO H nponaje pana, TO je 'rora naea HajBcnH npoxer. Cae TaM DpDII oa JbVllH; D.Vl'laHH cv OTBOpeHH H po6a H3JiOJKCHa; rprosana H nnap UBCTajv V HCD.CJhY, oja ce McbyrnM, sao HajBchH npa3HHK on s CBHiY, »opa no HajHoBHiHM oll.pc)].6aMa npa3HOBarn V aVCTpHjCKHM npeaaaaa ua aajcrpcxa Ha'fHH, ria CC qaK H y Ecqy crporo npaauvje )].OK He sate cvnne. Betuma rpabaua cv KMCTOBH. Mebvraa, BJlaCHHK oeora BllaCTCJlHHCTBa ocnotoneo je cae OHe KOjH CC 6aDC TprODHHOM JlnH 3aHaTOM OD, CBHX CTBapHHX KVJJYKa II naaaaa, YMecTO KOjHX OHH IlJIal'lajv CaMO JaKOHCKY TaKCY, 'rj. 40 KpVHa aa KYJIYK C nO,llB030M, a 10 KpYHa aa KYllYK 6e3 nonaoaa, K~O WTO [e sen rope (KH.. 11, § 26) HaDClleHO. Kan ce ypaqyHaJV MHorH caeurreaaua It HeMa'll(H KOH.aHHUlt, CDH CTaHOBHHUIt qHHe 1800 nvma. Ila je OBO MCCTOV crape epeeeaa 6HO 3HaTaH rpan, )].0-

Ka3vjv HC caao MHOrlt 3Ha'lajHH cnOMCHHUIt It OCTal(H crapHX arpaza, nero " pa3JIH'IHT'iI KOMaD,H aoena HaDeHH V 3CMJb~. TIpe ceera OCTMor 3aCJJYIKvjc na cc cnOMCHC jenan crapa aanvurreaa H vnona nopvtueaa rpan V aecrv, KOjH cno~ I-IMa y 06HMy 1200 xopaxa. Ta roneaa -raphaaa OnKOJbCHa Je YHaOKOJJOJl.C6CJ1HM jaKltM 3lt)l,OBHMa H HCVWCHHM OnKOI1?M, H HMa 4 BHCOKCH npocrpaae POH)lCJJCOD, nenrsapa sao H JCD.HY jour «aero BHWV seraepovraouv KVJJV on 'recaaa KaMCHa, 175

174

soja

npe'lHJ.:!KV TaKO

HMa

poanene
McbyrnM

J.:! KVJla

50 pajaceax npI1TKH.· KaKO 'lcnlpJ.:! jour croje H cnvxe 6VlbHHaMa aa CTaH.

arpane, sajenso
cV V ca je.nHoM UpKBOM,

3CMlbH, TO jc

TC CV OTl{Aa

nO'lCJlH

na nnaxsajv,

)Kery

I{

nane.

flow-

YHYTPawH>e

ne-

lKe V pyrneBHHaMa: CTaHOBH und

anax aa RIIaCTenHHCKor
TID
Ha'lIlHV y XII

jemo» yrllV rpana nO)l,HfHYTH aacrojareea Ii noapvaapa (Meyer

aarnena .lUI je oaaj
~pa.n

KclIner).

rpabeaa

nO)l,llfHyr

V pvwcBHHaMa

jenna
1Ia ce

croxebv. TIpe HCK01lJ.:!KO ronxaa :IDMJla cy CC aaora H BCJlHKa qy.aa, soja je maaeana Mp11Ia'IK3 rnaaa. 0.0; H>e je Hony 6"0 jacaa cjaj, craapaOKO H>e caeravxa avpa, H 0 lbOj ce npcacceo rnac 'lac
upKBe JOBaHa

peveaa reHCpaJI TpeHK, crpax H rpener ¢lpaHUYJa H Baaapana, 6HO orrrvxeu J60r HC'IOBel.JHHX rpoaora H HaCHJIaor vueeaeaea y caojv KOPHCT, na mor rora H3ry6Ho BJ13CTeJlHHCTBO Ilaspau H CBa ceoja OCHUla .uo6pa, KOjC je aanneHHJla Kpan.eacxa KOMopa, TO je canaum,a BJlaCH({K KynHo 1760. BJl3CTeJlHHCTBO Ilaepau aa ce6c. Mebv CTap({M xaprajaM3 uanaae ce Tpcuea. }Coj" pa3HH

ceojepvsaa
jClIaH

PVKOIlHCH

Ii 3anHCH

rCHCpaJIa

He nOKa3Yjy Hero rajy,

HCKaKBor

HCYKor lI,'{X.

aapaapa

"

CHPO-

eor
je

He'lOBCKa,

npocactien 1770.
aa

na

je

rnaaa
MV'lCH. (jcp ce joj

Kpcrareaa,
06J.:!x Bepa cBaHYJlO,

'lac

aexora
je

ceeua

KOjH je OB.1le

Y
jc.uaH

je.uHoM CBeTH DCOMa

He MHOro

y.na.JbCHOM 0.11.MCCTa, JaHHMJbHB H3a3BaO

6HO Hohy

Hapon san 6H npaaece

crao

rOMH1IHUC

MprBal.JKa maBOM V HOOUV.

rxaaa

na ce arphe je aecrajana),
nponvwH3SaHpe.nKOjl:! r1laov

H3BOp,

«oja je aaoru cecroena

aaora
.nOK

svna

If up-

MonHO Tao

cane npen caeroa

)KprBY OTKpHBeHa

icaurao
YMewaJIa

aa rnac.
OHaMO H

I1pHna.uHJ.:!UH

rp-nce
y

Ii JlUTHHCKe

H HHKa.o;a HHje

KDC OJ],Jla3HJIH cy nVXoBHa HCnHTaJIa H

xoaosaume,

ce anje
M rpl.JKH

na

Hanocnersv,
HaHMe,

BJlaCT,

«oje cnana

HHM CJJY'IajeM, cy

je

npesapa. cy jc 6HJ1H

KOlbaHHlJ,H

aaenaxa,
KOPltCTH

Yl.JJ.:!H>eHa qylla H HaCHJlHO

OB.1lC CMCwreHH,

VKpanH o6ojHJlH 6H

ca

DeWaJIa

crapv
y

HCKaKBOr ManV

nonoaa,

Sene
y

H CaKpHJlH

!-by je.aHy 1IaMny H

naMny.

Kaa
ana

nana non,
rnaav
H3JlaCKa

OHH 61{ jCLlHY

aananarra
nVKOTl-my nyr cy

naaaunser
60JleCTH

aaaaa

CTaB.JbaJIH

noncacxv
npe

crapor

upxaeaor aaaa;
CKJlaH>aJIH, jer cy npoBO.llHJIH

cVHua,

CBaKH

je oner
KO-

HHCY OCTaBJi,anH no

napoaaaa
.naH.

aoaan,

novohv
H

jenan

CBCTltHa 06c pennrajc nna« jc no. naaa vaepeaa na ra COCTa BOlla HCTCPYJC CBe na DO, 'rene HJlH xpaaa, axe caao jeaaanyr OKyCC aone ca 'lY.ll,OToopHOr HJDOpa, uxxana He Mory 060J1CTH on CTO'IHC aapaae; J60r vera ce «nero aaaanvje V Eie3 063Hpa

npenpacvze
ua
TO,

6e3 npHCTpacHOCTH, JlH'IHe cnpevana npaaaoaepauv.

l.JBPCTO

KO.u CTOKC H

BeCCJIH

OBO -rproBHllITC .aHUITC

H BJlaCTCJlHHCTBO H xpa6por

6HJ1o je cBOjHHa

ce-

oea]

raj

ua

qy.nOTBOpHH

M3BOp. MCCTO, caCBHM

caenora

napTI-!:)aH3

reaepana

llIlUu1(.,

rp'lKO

napoxsjcso

jcnaa car nvra on Ila-

TPCHK3,

KOjH

je ronaae 1741. npBJ.:! nyr noaeo onaane y par CBC paT060pHe Iby.ne non J.:!MeHOM rtannvpa, rj. CBOjJ.:!X HaopV)J(aHHX c.rryry. HCKJ.:! on anx jour cy y )J(HBOT'{: ja cax 1777. cpeo V Ilapvsapv [cnsor CCJhaKa, jC.o;HV IbVJlHHy, KOjM je cnvaoro sao sanCTaH non TpeHKOBHM OO5CTBOM. Kan cy TH nanavpn CTIffJlH
y AYCTpHiY, HOWlbY, qyJllf Hcn03HaT

xpaua
CTC

npeM3

cesepoaanaev,

611H3Y HOBe H

npaee ue-

«oja RO.nJ.:! m Ilaspaua aa XpDaTCKY. Y {)OOMC cerrv a nopca ncra Mory cc nahn MHOfM 'ronna H3BOplt. OHI{ npcxajv '{BHC jaxo BpHjyllH, C3.IIp")l(C BPJlO aaoro reoxbeaaror ura-

rtoaepoaana

cv

je3HK

H Cn33H1IH HaJIa3C y

rtomvao

crpaHy

D.3

cc

Beh

HenpHj3TCJLCKoj

• Pajscca nparra (rheinlandische HyO.!lOKO lOcrona.-nf1lIM. epee:

Rutc). napa

HCMa~Ka ecpa aa JlylKH

cppaaa, aevrpanac corta H HCWTO aJIKaJIHe 3eMlbC, aJIH ce He nHjy. rpo¢ Ilapvaap, sao MaCHJ.:!K cena, YXBaTHO je J.:! 063llzao caera jenaa H3BOp H Ha3HAao aan !-bHM arpanv Y KOjOj cc nanaae -rpH npocrpane KynKC. OHe Hapol.JHTO OJ],JlH'IHO .nenyjv KOD, HepOHHX 60JleCTH, vaerocra YD,OBa It KOll «orrrpaxrvpa
HJ1H rp'lelba lKHBaua, a jal.Jajy H J.!IpaBO 'reno y COHM nerosaa

176

177

lICJlOnl{Ma ua 'l'{1I0TBOpaH Ha'HIH. Ceeo je urrera urro CC roera HC ycybvjy BIUIlC na HoFtI·majy y rQCTI{OHIiUH soja IlPI{nana KVIlUI{, Hero urro caaxe aesepa uopajv J.lhl{ V Ilaxpau, 6YllVtiH na cv rOCTI{OHIiIW, xoja ce HaJla3H nopea xvnamna moaH Jlnrtxxa, rozaac 1773. Hony aanana paafiojnaua, KOjH ev rOCTC rtovfiujana I{ oruaaeana. MchYTifM je OBO accro l{I1aK jam noccneao, 6Yllyh» na I1.nHpH, KaLl otone, peTKO Y3HMajv upvrc JlCKOBe ceu ronne KynKe, na It «an cy 3lI,paBH BOJICna ce xecro kynajy, t:(aK I{ 3H~IH; HaBI{Ka KOjV cV npl{MHJlI{ on OCMaHa. Kaa jc cYJITaH MvxaMeli IV ronanc 1683. OilyCTOUlHO Avcrpajv mor orfhCM I{ Mat:(CM I{ y 1I1{M I1petBOpHO

Cnenena rp-nca napoxajcsa

JleJKC; EjeAG (Biella),
MU/b(1f108a!1

CCJla JacJlV)l(yjv na ce aaoe(Millenovacz) M Kufj (Kip-

po).
nOJIonHHa uanovac BJIaCHMKacroa, rocnonaa ~H Jaaxoeah, CTapl{ MauapcKH rtrteanh, 360r VCJIyra yt:(HH:.CHHXKpaJheBI{HH rpccano na 6V.!Ie nonnrsvr aa CTcnCH rpxpa, 'raj je ceaepaa .a.CO,non HMeHOM Ilapvaap, npereopea V napocaro BJIaCTenHHCTBO360r «ojera BlIaCHHK HMa cenjuuTC H rnac aa IIp)!(aBHOM caoopv. OH HMa OHllC .!IUKJlC3 rnaca 360r caoja 3 BJlaCTeJlHHCTBa.Ilocneme I{JJla3H npeaa acrosv H ceaepv na BHPOBlITl{'-IKV JKynaHJ.ljv, 3 aa aananv aa XpearCKy. OBO BJiaCTeJIHHCTBOHMa jemo TPrOBHlllTC H L6 ce.na, "Il{jl{ cy CTaHOBHlfUI{ BehHHoM rpt:(Ke eepoacnoeccra. Hajaehx nee 3CMJhe cacroja ce on 6peJKVJhaKa I{ 1l0JI1{Ha' KOjH ce CMCH.yjV. HMa y H.eMY nonvurc H Spcroaa, ana H MHOro flJIOllHHX paenxua xoje aoce aajnenurv nwcHHu.v H .npyre BpeTC )!(HTa. BHHo ce He npoaaaona V nosonaoj KOJlI{"IHHI{, aero ce 1100031{ I{J cvcezcrea. Hacvnpor TOMC, MHor06pojHe lllJhHnC .!Iajy Hco6H"IHy KOJlHt:(HHYpaxrrje HnH UIJbHBOnHue. )]apyeap je crapo I{Me jenae ortateje, xojc cV CCJhaUHy noeaje BpeMe, sao urro ce TO t:(eCTOneusaaa, npeospeuvna H 1{3MeHYJll{ V [JoiJ6opje. Hanocnersv ortaraja 6y.!lc CCKYJlapH3HpaHa H Iloaoopje ce npcTBOpl{ Y cenaurre I1J1CMHna. A Ka.!l je caaaum.a BJlaCHHK ceora nneaanxor HMaH.a KOjC npanana Capauv CTCKao rpo$)OCKO nocrojaacreo, npoaabc OH nOHOBO crapo npaeo HMC H ylMC TJ.ll)'Jly rpoda on Ilapvaapa. Ho CeJLUll,HCC na TO He odaanpv Hero aoev OBO MeCTOjour YlleK Ilosfopjc, non KOjHM je MMeHOM OHO jeaauo noauaro Y aeMJLJ.IH cro]a aa aanaaa. OBO aaasajno I{ nnonao tproBlltuTe JlC)!(H V noaeoejv jentror npHJlI{"IHO aacoeor Spera KOjlt jc obpacrao lllYMOM, cacrojx ce o.a upaor MepMepa ca upBeHMM npvraea H V KOMe, «ao lllTO 'lIlHe BepoBaTHHM onnaunsc Tonne xvnxe, llMa M

4) )]apY8ap jc HHU"IC 5HO cCBcpHa onacaxor BJIaCTenHHCToa Cape-sa. Kan [e

cea aevrepbeua MeCTa, rpan Banea xon Beva nonrrebea je ceojux TOITJIHX KyilKH H OCMaHH My HHCY HaHCJIH HH HajMaH.Y IIITCty, Hero cy rpan Y3CJlH y JalllTI{l)' H HHCV rrvurrana Y H:. Tarape. Iloaana (Polliana), raj (Gaya), Topaw (Toran), KAUca (Klissa), Ilouoeau (Popovacz), Cace (Sasse) M KaMeflipao
(Kamengrad, Stadt Kamen) cy rp'ca I{ napoxajcea MeCTa. Jle)!(H y

3)
cpcnnxa

BJIacTCJIHHcTBO Cupa« H3Meoy

(Czirach,

Scbiratsch)

Ilaxpaua

Ilapvsapa,

IlyHO je lllyMa H nrraH TaMaHC MHOro npne on CBHH:.a, I{

HHHa y mjl{Ma

MellBe.a.1{HMajy caoje nennee

eonoea. Ho CTO"IapctBO je lHaTHO H W~IC TaKO na CeJhaUH, KOjH JKHnC y Ha BHCOKI{M Speroaaaa pacrv

13 cena,
caaxojaxe
Ii

CTOjC CaCBI{M 1I06po. JlCKOBHTCtpane

KOPClhC, HO xoje CC He cxvnn,a. Ty

TaMO tlHBajy ce 'rparonn .!II{BJhll"lH

MCT1UJa. loa je .!Io6ap, I{ aeseaa, cpaa H pease lIpyre J HMa y He06H'lHoj KOJlH<[I{HH

Cupow

(Czirech),

3rO.!lHO rproaaurre

y lllVMOBMTOj OKO-

JlHlUl xoja HMa ODJIH'iHa JlOBJ.llUTa. Ilapoxajcsa upxaa, crapa je.a.Ha arpana, je rpeca. Macro nenura je xacapaa. Y fhOjlli H Y OHOj V Ilaspauv HaJla31{ cc CTaJIHOjeaua KOMnaHHja HeMat:(KHX KOf-haHHKaca caoja 3 oq)l{uHpa. 178

179

MHHcpa.rra. Ha OCTa.rrHMcrpaaaaa ornapa ce WIi(XIKa paBHHQa, ce caeavje ca 6pe)KYlbQHMa, Ii Raja je nnoaaa )KHTOM Ii nohe». Kall je canaunr,a anaCHHK xvnao roLlHHC 1760. Mecro H BJlaCTeJJIiHCTBOCapas, cacrojano ce OHO caao OLI IIJlCMHhxor nsopa Ii 'lCTHPH cena-nce xvhe. A 1777. 6HJlO je OHJ.J;e na 6pojy Ben. npeRO 60 HOBHXnofipo rpabeaax Kyna. Yf jour YBeK BHlIJhHBO pacre aBO MeCTO, 'IHje cy vnuue npaBe xao JleHHpOM noavveae H mor CBMJlapCTBaaacateae 6eJJilM D:Y,[IOM,H 6poj CTaHOBHHKa pacre 113ronaae y rG,[IHHY, '1CMY aajunuie L10npHaocc aemnca nnOLlHOCT 3eMlbHlIITa, finara vnpaaa, Tonne xvrtxe M Hapo'lIITO aaorocpojae ncaa-nee aaaaraaje xoje cy ce OHJ.J;e aCTaHH.ne. YfMa HX 0,[1CBHX npcdecaja H H nocao 11M Me nofipo. Mebv lbHMa HMa H 'rsava, KOjll 0,[1 caneurae ByHe npane ¢.naHcn H rpvtio llJIaTHO. OHH cy rorona na nnare uemy 28 ¢OPHHTH, y SpyrHM BJlaCrenHHCTBMMa craje ueara 20 ¢OPMHTII. Oane ce Hana311 jenaa npacrapa rp'lKa M jeztaa HOBa JIamxcxa upxaa; rp-uca upeaa je napoxajcxa H HMa jemror npoTanana, nOLI KOjHM croja 9 napoxaja H 22 ¢'H.nHja.ne. Hacyf1(XlT TOMe, JIaTIIHCKa upxea aaje rtapoxajcxa, 6YD.yn.H ,1I,ace PHMcKO-KaTOJIH'IKa pennruja OB,1I,e 6aw HMje jaxo paWMpHJIa. OBa K<lTOJJH'lKa QPKB<l, xoja je najnemua y CnaBOHHjH, croja caCBHM CJI060)l,HO ua [eaao» 6pe)KYJbKY, oxpvrrra je, HMa rpo_ ja BpaTa, TpM onrapa II jeaao BHCOKOKy6e. ITOD. }bllM, Y cpeLlHHH upxae, croja urecr BHCOKHXCTy60na y L10pcKoMe crasv, KOjH cy BHCOKH 20 crona, ncce He60 lI.nH nepaaa II 06pa3Vjy npaeanaa rpovrao. Ha CBaKOMyfIfy rpcvrna CTOjH nO,1l,HO)Kje aa KOMe ce nane rpH KHIla, Kojn cV nHCOKH ocaa crone H npeacraenajv rpa xpaumaacee epaaae, lby6aB, HMy II Bepy. Ha caaeo] crpaaa rpovrna Ha.na311ce nell omap, a 113Hall cea rpa omapa paumpana ce rpvna xoja npeacraan,a Caero rpojerne. nOKpHBeHa HefiOM ana nepaaaoa II «oja je sac HeKH OJITapcKH aacnoa CBa rpM OJITapa. 4maBa CTBap je ,[IeJIOMen ranca a )lenOM 'raxc neno »apaopapaaa ,1I,a611 je '10BeK ,[Ipzcao aa npaBH MepMep. OBaKaB Ha'lHH H3paJlC, «oja ce npa-

xoja

6Jl1t)KaBa CTapOM rp'lKOM liMa y cefia acvcra [IeJIliKOr I.J nneMCHIlTOr. OLIMax nopen npxae ,lUI)Ke ce jenaa jour MHoro BHWll H npocrpanaja 6pe)l(YJbaK, aa KOMe CTOjH HC06H'-IHO paCKOWHa, MOLlepHa H npocrpaaa nanara aa rum cnpaTa. OHa je carpateaa OJI recaaor xaaeaa no Haupry Ha'lHlbCHY y Eeqy. Ii y aoj HMa 60 coria aa crarroaatse, a nvra-na je 30 6e'lKHX npHTKHI1 H WHpHHC 20; npeaa TOMe, 'IHHlI L1yrVJbaCT scraepovrao. Cry60Bll aa KojHMa ne)Kll nopra.n fJIaBHlIX BpaTa JIOpCKOr cy crane. HIIWTa naje npajanreje OJl mrneaa Kp03 np030pe II vraone HcnYCTe OBC nanare: OH ce untpa na HeKOJIHKO MllJha npeso aeoaa nenc OKOJIHHe soja npvaca O'lHMa jenaa napK, kao H 3eJIeHe nonaae, JlHBMe, WJbHBHKe, HlICKe xyMKe oepacne BliHOBOM Jl030M, paaacvra cena H canaure, vonope CTOKe xoja rtace, IIOTOKe xoja 3MHjonHKo TeKY, a aa «pajv ra aaaptnaaajv BHCOKH6perOBH. Oaaj 3aMaK, KOjH C npaBOM caarpajv aa sajpacxoumajv 3rpMy y 'IMTaBoj Kpa.n,eBHHH H KOjIl 611 Il V cpea EC'Ia npencrsw-ao .neny nsxarv. 3aBpweH je 'rex ro,1I,MHe1777, rrOlIITO ra je rpcrp OJl Ilapveapa, KOjIl je oaaj 3aMaK onpenao aa CBOj nensaxoaau, 31{[(aO 011 1771. rO,UHHe. MenyrllM, aaorccpojae cnopC,IUlC arpaze, KaKO aa nJlcMHhKY nocnyry, TaKO H aa crpaHe rocre II lbHXOBe cnyrc II KOlhC, jow YBeK cy aenoapureae, xao H nepaaoj WTO nO'lHlbC 0,[1 3aMKa II .nC)Kll aa HarH6y jeaaor 6pelKYJhKa, ca CBOjHM ceaoBHTlIM craaaaa, KMrroBHMa, pH6lbaIUfMa, BOIlOCKOUMMaH BOLlOnaaaaa. Oaaj BpT, y KOMe ce aanaae pa3HH XYMOBH H repacaCTII cnceua H xoja je npocrpaa, 611ne, 3ajeJIHO ca cnopcnHHM arpanaaa, roTOB 1780. ronxae. Y Mecry H OKO aera aaavajaa cy xaoroopojsa II jaxa 113BOPH H3 KOjHX Y jaxca Mna3Y -reve apajvha MIlHepanHa BOlla. Cacrojun l-bCHIi CV xenrro rBO)Kl'la H aJIKa.nHCcona, ana rJIaBHH cacrojas je sennca xona-maa nexarne aeane (Siegelerde, terra sigillata). OBa Bona, xoja je jacaa xao spacra», CJIV)Kll KaKO aa KVI1alhC TaKO H aa nahe, a nOBpx rora noepe17 EC'l](3npIfTKajcoTllpIUlH](CJanOJlaCTonCllV'lwollpajllcKc

180

181

he jellHy ce nOTOK

BOI\eHlIll.Y HHKa,n He

«oja

pana

II no

aajaehoj

3HMI:I,

3aTO WTO TaKO BO,ny cur

One]
Koaoavca,
6aTlI llITO je

HamHC

yrOJJHKO lIMe

je

He06ll'lHMjH

llITO

ce no

aanoee-

MOIKe CBC,

3aMp3Hyrll. 'IaK H

OCJJa6H

na noepatra
H

na

Kan acenvnau roxajcxo BRHO, OBy

OH llOHOBO

pl:IMCKOra

cexara naraacxax

nOllITO

je OH

nrra« npuea,

xan

ce OHa

vnorpecnara,
YXBaneH

nocraje

ca CBlIX

xpaonovaora H paaeparnora uapa ronaae 193. norvtinen, uopano 3rpeOJITapa H npvrax jaanax cnOMeHHKa, nponvurreao.
CeM

cnocooaa na napa. Sacan je eaeenoacsa 3H,napH, KOjH cy

TOnJlHX 'IeTHpH KynKlI, M.eCTa ypCllHJ1lI cy

caeo jenan I13BOP, H H3BaHpe)UJO eeurra y rpateav

ra

aa oanaunsea

aarttacv

'rcra, peaePenyCaMO 05HM

1762.

rrpano xvrtarano

ca He-

aa evnaae.
rOCTIIOHHll.a, CTBapH

OBO KynaTHJ10, ceHOBHTa aa

nopen aojer je
rocmjy,

«vnarano nokaavje na je oene 5JllIKe JalOPY, xojv crapa nacua HHKaKO Ilmnaje cnoaaiee napon Jasi, xcja je
HO PIIMCKO

Sana

ofinacr na

He nOMHFby. CTaHOBao

,naBHO IIHrHyra neM H npvre rnac

CTa3a ca rYCTHM

,npBeBeOMa

ofianaaa
nao

KopMcHe

yll,06HOCT

Ilpaae, TC My je orva ceaaurre 61Ino y nanauneo] Mauapcxoj II Cnaaoaaja. Ilapveap je naxne caaxaxo npanaPeny5JlliUli McpMepa Ja.JoPY, na ce aa jeLlHoM oae lIpyrOM paatiajeaoa HaJ1a3e ype3aHe PC'IH:

1I0J1a3M aa KJhaCTH,

H H3 roaaae It llpyrH aano

y rollHHY mjR

CBe ja-re 60JJyjy on

ce nocehvje. YKO'ICHOCTH, II aanocnencv

KOCT060JhHH Kynajy, OB1l.e caoje

«oaaav

Kau ce apeaao 1l0HODO Hany HlIKe, je

noaano

ce lI3JIe'lC aepaeee.

H3ry6JbCHO In saraae sa

3a fionecae

BOj-

THERMAE
IASORVENSES

KOjM ce oaaao xvna'nora KopaKa xojer on

uranv xacapsa

Cnaeoaa]e,

carpabeaa on

1l0pell

rpourax y llpaBuy

rpopa

Jlapvaapa.
BlICOKor jc non vcnen naJIO FbllM jeaae

llBa.ueceT 6pera 3eM]hOM crop 6HX H3

KynaTHJ1a, rorma

aenancxor OTKpl:IBeHO crapaaaaa cvnaurc je

Ilo

CBOj xaxaor

npHnlllJ,lI, 3CMJbOTpeca OHO HKaKDa jour

oeo rta aaje

llpacTapo jc y

nvnarano TOKY BpeMeHa

aacvro

je

m6Hjajy «vnantno HaMeHIIO onacao l'iy caao

M3BOPH,

nOTnyHO je HU.n cea aa

PlIMCK{) caa

ca MHor06pojHHM OBHM JJHCTOBlIMa OBO orxpane. YKpaTKO PHMCKO

D!XJMaJ1H ,1I;a

y aacopae. Ha.JH.JlaHa 6ape

YXBanCHO Hero HeMa KOlbC amr

3H.!lOM atrra HHWTa re lIX ,npyro

[(OjH

«vna,

OllillHPHO a onne (Jasoru)

Y'flIHllny xaaecra xvnarano

TO aa npvroa zra je Pcrrvtininca ll.apy Secaprcane CKpa-

y sojv

1I0BOlle

KJbaCTe

cnara

none

Mecry, Jaaopv

KpaTKO pa crajao MeHyre pYKe

npeMe

H3JIC'II:I. rpaa,

Ila

je y MCCry Jaaopa, PlIMCKC 'IeCTO

OKO eecra rpan Oil

Ilapvaaropecnocaaxojaxe

pescuo

nocneruna

BeJlHKH perrvsnaxe,

MO)KlIa

rJJaBHlI crapuae

KOMO.n;yCY, nora Mapxa

OHOMC aeaocrojaoa Aype.rmja. aaoroopojuaa rnaca OBaKO:

WHy

H HaCJJellHHKY

noxaavjv

OBO ce BHlU:! 1f3 HaTIIlICa, J1aCKaBlIM petmMa,

aateaa
xojera

xojc

CC OBllC cBYJIa upno je urrc cane

OTKpHBajy

y 3eMJbH M aa xoaana pHMCKor non

II lIcnYfhCHa neaa canpwaaa

aoj
aoaua uapea

Heo6H'IHO urro je

ty

0Jl: MHor06pojHlIX CBH 3JIaTHI1 nnanao ueurro

eaten
KOjH je

KOMallll .nyIKe

KonaHIi Oil

J(OMO,nYCOM,

12 rona-

DIVO

LUC

AUREL CAES

aa,

II na CBlI TH KOMalUf aauie no on

3JIaTHOr

aouua

lIMajy

Ta'IHO

16

rpeHa lIyKa-

COMMODO PATR} HAS

TeJKItHe ra, KOjH

aaaauraer apena onaaze, MO)Ke

avcrpujcsor'IeTHplI npeMa

KpeMHlflJKOr dopaare

PATRIAE THERMAS

CalIp)KlIHH car nyra Capas,

II 'IeTBpT. na jenas rpaHHlJ.lI cnOMCHllK na-

HeUYH

jvroaananv,

DEDICAVIT RESPUBLlK IASORU

BJIaCTCJIHHCTBa crapax epeaeaa,

ce BH.1IeTH jour lIHBHa yrJlaBHoM

II TO jemra

nopyweHa

[82

[83

nata '111jll ocraua Ilpaaean,e croja

TeJhCKe PVKe, .uV)!(C He npHllH'IHO BI1, IIepBa3H,

118 je TV 6Hll8 pacsouiaa arpaza. cxopo nornvno, Hero ev ra nenpajaH !lVeTOUlHa caara BPCMCH8, KOjOj aa aorv ononera HH MepMCp, HH MeTaJI H rv'r, Hlm,rrpa nOK83Vjy jow a MOiKlla OWTeTHJlC. TIopaJ6HjaHH Cl)I60BH, CBOllOBH, .rryKD-

llVro CKHX HManH He

nocne HMal-ha.

MO)K,!la

1313. OCTanM MMpHH nOCCllHMI1,H ceojnx CJlaBOHIla JIM Cv TH pa3DpaTHH H paCHnHH BIlTe30DH onne caoje rnaaao CC.IDfWTC? HelCC CJlMKC pabeKpeqy, KOjC ce H CKOPO

aa

MOKPOM OlUTCI'lCHC

jaso

nonacceja 11 ClIH'iHO, KOjH 'lac vnona BHpe H3 3CMJbC, sac croje V 8OlUl, vac HX oncr ca eBHX crpaaa nOIIallajv H Japawl'ivjv MaXOIIHHa. WH6.1hc H u6Vlbe, nexe paevm na CBe crpaHc H npexpaaajv BCJlHKO jejum MeCTO V 'lHjoj CpellHHH croja nana'ra. Cry60BH, KOj" eBH eKopo lIC)KC nopvWCHH H paJ6HjcHIl na JeM.lUI HJlH V BOllH, Ha'IHH>eHH cy on
caner aepvepa oopacna KHIIOBH ce aaurc vorturre
H MaXOBHHOM He HaJla3C, MO)f(e 6MlIO H KopHHTCKor 6HlIO CV C11fJ1a. lUTO cV HX pa.JnvVKpace

Bm-ClODa

V TIanCCTHHH. ClIHKC

cane jow aorv snnera, ana CV acrpre, sao na npHKa3yjv noasare Illraaaure, ucnon Kpwa ce IlOKa.JVjV
.lhVl(H TH 06y'fCJlliX Y OlIehV BCJmKor H lIpyrH

M3flOM.ILCHe

pa3HHX

aajcropa
OBllC o KOjOj

TeMJUJapcKor. '1HHe

n:pe.lH13IlM rODopHM

npeTC)!(HO HHKaKBa

BepoBaTHHM

HMjC

rparoau npeso KOjHX aa crapa nanara p"~tCKa 3rpa.aa, Hero na je

BHTC30Ba. OHI{ HHKaKO

6Hl1a

maDHO

Ce)lMlUTC 1I0W

cnOMCJ.iVTHX JlH'fH 6HTM

HHCV HMatIH a nOJIO)f(aj 6HlIO

VKI{C. OKOIDfHa je He MO)f(C

aa

jeJlHeMVMCKa TIpH

nona,
pYUH je

nanare

neruna.
yqHHHTH

KJlH CVce.IDf CV

vrtorpefiamr
lCMJl,OM,

6HTM

na

upxae,
CV HX

lf1IH

CDC lUTO

)KIlBOT

Jl,VACKH

MO)!(e

npHjaTHHM,

nax

nOKpHBCHH

MOiKlla

urro

TYPUH

VlI06HHM 6pe)KV.lhKa jC.lHIH JlVK

H 3a.aOBO.lhllHM.

ronaae J 476. npMJlHKOM nVCTOWCH,a nanare caCIlHM VHJ.llUTHna; xana OCMSHH, KOjH CBe KHnOIlC llP)!(C aa onaparae KYMHpe, 01l6Hjajv ca H,HX V '!aCT 6mlHljv 06H'IHO cave rnaae, xao lUTO caa «cere BH5ao CBOjHM O'lHMa. He «orv na ce CllO)KIlM c onWTIlM MH"WJheH,CM )J,Uje oaaj
38MaK OCTaTaK P"MCKC KojHMa paCK()UlH; V311p)f(aBaM ee H3 MHorHX

je crajana aa nMHHH jenner e sojer- ce OKV npY)f(a npocrpea npenec. Mpasen lf1IH 6HBWH aaepaaas, mana 61-lBWCra nepaaoja
VKpaCHMa I{ KHnOBI-lMa, 6HnVHI-l

Ilanara

VKpaWCHa

1l0)J,OCKOl.J.MMa, BOHCmiM

crpa
.IlC H

nOTOUM

non,a,

IlOHoeHH

nacrpaa, paoaana, 3CJ1CHe PV.uHHC, 1I1-lBaeaaorpana, nanexa Speroea M apvre

YKp~w~lIa.rm llC:IIm nVCTO CV 0110

paanora, MellV aajrnaeanje.

llOBO.lhHO q:J1fHOr

nJlCMCHHTOra,

nvran,c crapxx rracaua He COMa 6aru jc 6MTH MaKap ocpenaa ncntaeanau H V3BHweHor VKVca KOjM apaxa H3 eBIiX

ncncrc npapone H YMeTHocrn eccro. 1IITcTa caao WTO OHO

)f(H!

onefipaao
H rpvnc-

xpnrv

BCJlMKMX yMerHH'IKHX HO v6cbeHH KaKO eV KOjll OBa

nena PHMlt.aHa, na 61lCMO 6HlI11 onurrcpaurapena npava HCMa

.uCJIO

nomyOCHOBa.

5)
ca

8.JiaCTCJlHHCTBO 6PllOBIITO

i3eAlIKU,

TIaKpaUeM,

Tc pvureanue
cv TCMJUJapH, He06H'IHo
H

ovarneaso
CV rO.IDfHe

cpenuera
HaCTatIM

eexa.

3HaMO

na
H

pateao

H HaCTalhCHO.

OHO

xoje ce aa aanaav cvcenaaa je nozrvme, HO HIlaK npHllH'IHO 06npanana £ppajcppav 4>oH Jlerepea cy nJlCMHI'iKHM .Il.BOpoM H H

1118.

V TIatIeCTIlHH V CnaBOHHjH

CPH

(Petcrffy). BeIlUKQ, BenHKO ¢palhCBaua, rprOBHIUTC KOjH

ce pea,

060raTMJlH,

HManH

BCJlHKa .n.06pa

na

cV CDOjV 06.1JaCT 6HlIH J50r H.CroBC

npoumpana

no V XpnaTCKV. 06eCTH,

Mana
-rora

MaHaCTHpoM HMajv

OBllC

apno

MHOro6pojHH

je
ra

'iMTaB IV rtana

HenOllHOIIl.Jl,HDe nornvno,

KPa.n, ~H-

napoxnjv. 6) Marro WlaCTCJ1I1HCTIIQ xon Mauapa Straseman

V rtpebaunse, Ciilpa:1lC~aH

JlHIl

HCKOpeHHO KneMCHC

Y ¢lpaHUYCKOj V ua UPKBCHOM

H TeK nocne V BHCHH

(Sztrasemon,
Cl1'aHH,

Stra-

catopv

(Viennc) jow

semen; je

HJllI Straseheman) ua ceaepaoj

VK1hCu.rrCHO rzre

ro.IDfHC

1313.

VKHHYO,

noaeee

nOK33vjv.n.a

cY TCMIUlapM

caCDHM

Ii3Y3CIl

ce 185

184

D}IH

rpaHH,{H ca BHPOBHTH,{KOM )f(ynaHHjoM. ct>oH JaHKOBI·!lt Cirlpa:m;eMall,

BnaCHHK je rocno-

3rOJlHO CMCWTCHO MCCTO '!lfjH CC CTaHOBRIIacHHK, KOjH CTaHYjc

llepHuK, nofipo nnonac 1"prOBHWTC aa rpaHHUH Ipanam'1aHa y OJIaHHHH. 3aMaK je aexana 6HO rapn, aJlH can je V CJla60M craav. OB.llC je BeJlHK cppal-benal.J.K!f MaHacTHp H V
IbCMV PHMCKO-KaTOJlHl.J.l{a napoxujcxa upKBa, 6YJlYIlH na CV KaJlVBCPIi npocjaua y acm Max ceenrreanna. CWUluje (?) [Sintilija], Ea'fUHOOA (Bachindol), MaAa (Mala) H Ocmpueuep (?) (Osrnvter). 4 cena soja raje aaoro

HHLUI nOl.JlHbV 6aBIITI{ MaHycpalG)'poM. OMC, CJlaBHO je cny)f(I{O xac KanCTaH y noc.nCLlHoCM npycKOM

(Rittmeister) xon xvcapa

parv

KOjH CC 3aBpllIH0 MHpoM y XV-

6crc6Vpry 1763, na je HCKO!II1KO rryra 6110 V 31{MCKOMKBaprnpy y CaKcoHHjH, rne je vnoaaac npeJlHOCTH MaHY¢ru..--rype H V OBOMC~feCTY yBCO HeKOJlHKO CBHJlapcKHx. Kart 6H ce CBI{ llIIaCHHUH CJlaBOHCKUXHMaH>3 vrnezann aa oaaj CJlaBHH npaMCp! Kaeo 6143CM.1ba6p:!O npouacrana! 7)

nvaaaa. 9)
RIIacTCJlHHCTBO Ilsetnepnuua (Pleternicza) rpaHH,{H ce aa jyry ca ofuIawny Spoacxe perHMCHTe a aa HCTOKY ca 6HcKvncKHM llJIaCTCJlHHCTOOMDaKOBOM. Y I-bCMY je HCTO OHD!IHKO 6peroea xao y npebarueea, a' npnnana cppajxcpv ct>oH Ilereppa. Fajenc nvnaaa OB.llC je jaso. Itseaiepuuua, MCCTO ca nJlcMHIlKHM Ce.!l.HUlTeM (RitterSi1Z) Ii .n06po carpabeaoa KOI-bI{'lKOM xacapaoa. 10) Borara 0l1awuja KylTtje80 (Kunjevo), cana KpaJhCBCKO KOMOPCKO noepo, aa jvroucrovaoj cTpaHH oneojena je jC.nHOM MaJlOM peKoM xoja llMa MHOro HMCHa 0)1 BJIaCTCJlHHCTBa nJICTCpHI1Ue. GBa OKOJlHHa jc V .Il.aBHHHI1 6HJla H3rJlC.ll.a BpJlO aacen.cna, 6YllVnH na cy 6pelKy.n.UH nOKpHseHH CTapHM 3aMKODHMa, on KOjl1X eehaaa nenca y pvureeanaaa. Kaxc OBO BJJaCTCJlHHCTBO 06VXBara HC caao BCJlHKH npocrop on 6 reorpaqceax MHJha, Hero cV Y l-beMY H He MOJKe 6lfTH nJlO.ll.HHje paBHHUC ca MHor06pojHHM CCJlHMa, TO je3ywrn H!fCV »npoeaJIM JlOK TO neno llJIaCTCJIHHCTBOHHCV lI06HJUf .. Ho «aa je 1-b11XOB pen nanCKOM aapeatox 0.11.21. jvna 1773. y CBe '{CTHpH crpaac CBCTa acrpecnea H nOTIIyHo YKIIHYT, npanano je anaCTCJ]HHCTBO rocnoaapv 3CM.lLC; HO OHO ce npona]e ,{HM ce noxaxe .Il.06ap xvnau Je3VMrn cV OBO llJIeMHIlKO .Il.06po sa pa3Hc Hal.J.HHCnonpaeana H ynCffif aa I-bCMy panaje HC003HaTC nOJhOnpHDpeJlHC rpaHe, 'llIMe ce npHHoc oeor nnoasora BJl<LCTCJlHHCTDa pHMCTHo noaehao. Kaee ce na cV je3ywrH, n aanonpe HO WTO HM je pen yKHHYT, naruna V 6pl1lfMa cpeopse 187

Bpeauooau (Preszrovacz,

Prestovatz)

rpaaava

ce na

jV)f(HOj II HCTO'lHOj CTpaHH ca o6J13w1lV xpaneacxor CJI06o.nnor rpana Iloxere, H anje zozvrue BCI'IH on xanovac onacaaor BJlaCTCJIHHCTBa,a ana« jc nOJleJhCH na 'rpa lICJIa, I.JMj" cV RJIaCHHUH rocnona CPOH CTpH)f(Hh (Strisich), CPOH Manceau (Mallyevacz) H ¢oH Fapah (Garics). Ha )1p)f(aBHOM ca60py H cKynUITHHaMa nO)f(CWKe )f(ynaHHje caao jenaa rnac. paCTe I-bHX CBa rpolana HMajv

Bpecmoeau, fJIaBHO aecrc ca nncMHnKHM lIBOPOM. OB.llC asoro H noopor JlYBaHa. Anaiuuuu (Alaginzi), Jluaa (Lippa) H Illeoeuu (?), f/e'ffleau (?) (Sesovach) cy napoxajcsa CCJla.
8) EPlIOBHTO BJIaCTCJlHHCTBO Ilepuux

(Czernik,

Scher-

neck) cvsenaaa ce na jyro33.naay ca Fpanaurceucxoa BOjHOM rpananoa, a aa OCTa.rJHMcrpasaaa ca 6 pa3HHX llJIaCTCJlHHCTaBa. KaKO Speroaa ponuaua jow CaD.P)f(C HcOOH,{HO MHOro npaponaax rpe6a )f(anHrn llITO HX npaCTaHOBHl1UH, BJIaCHHK, peTKOCTH, a MO)f(Jla H «aaepana, 0)1 KOjHX aatuc HO rtonoaaaa

HHCY HCnHTanH sao urro rpeca. npnnana

HCTO,{HOj UpKBH, »aoro

ce Saae rajel-bCM nveaaa. Focnozaa CPOHMapsosah, CTaHYje sao Kpan.COCKH nO.IDKynaH y Iloacera. 186

nomrvpv.

py)(C H npvrnx aaaepana, rum na ey TO KPHJIH KaKO 6H vtoJIHICOJlaKWC )(06HJ]J.I .![OJBO.rryon enanapa za OTBOpe pyllHHK_ Kyiiijeeo, neno TprOBHIlITC na rpaHHQH BHPOBHTWIKC )l(ynaHHjc_ OMe ee MO)l(C BHJletH ncno carpateua napoxajcxa upsaa H KOl-bH"IKa xacapna. XpH>e6QIj (1) (Hemicza), lJalAuH (Czaglin), 3aPUAull (?) (Czaryliak), JIaK)'I,Yuju (Lakusia) H Hoeo Cello (Novoselo), 5 ccna xoja J.fMajy jasv leMJbopalil-by. Ha aanamo] crpana OBOfa xoaopceor lIo6pa JIC)I(H apeaOJuiiiypu KaulllOA (Caprol), KOjy OnKOJbaBa aelt rope OOHeaHO RJIaCTeJlHHCTBOBenaxa H xoja je BCJlHKa t 1/2 reorpadcxv xaaaparav MHJloy. OHa npanana xparsv, KOjH oaaj MaeHH aanoraj B8.311a naje llpyrOM KaTOnH"IKOM 6HCKYrry 1(0)l(HBOTIIO. Mane MecTO Karrron H jow 10 llpyrHX MaJlHX cena 'lHHC npe-

ttl RnaCTeJUlHCTBO Ha!yUlle (Nassicze, Nassitsch) cy"lcrsaaa ce aa jvroaenanv ea )lOMHHMjYMOM KytjCBOM, a aa CBlIM )(pyrHM crpanaaa onacvje ra BWpoBHTI:I'IKa mynaHHja. Mana IUIaeTeJlHHCTBO HMa caera ABC W no KDMpaTHC MHJhC U Ma'[{a ra e jenae crpaae noxpaaajv Spcroaa a c npvre 6ape U WyMC, I:InaK je anaCHHK, rpxp cp:,H neja'leBHI'I, KOMe npartana H BHpoBHTHua, TO MaJleHO RJIaCTeJlHHCTBO TaKO n060JbllIaO, na je_ y H:.eMY aa 6pojy 14 cena, on KOjUX cy aesa HOBOOCHOBaHa. Ha jY)l(HOj U ceeepsoj CTpaHH ne)l(H BPJlO BHeOKO Spno xoje ce npY)f(a 110 y aecro Haurmre. Y H:.eMy ce BHJlC orpoaae npoeanaje, .rry6HHe H aarno O)(Ce"lCHe 1I.0JIHHe, MHMO KOjlfX ce npvxa penoeaa .uecra BPXOM 6p.aa. 3HMH ce npexo OBHX Spna He MO)JCCnvroeare 6C3 onacaocra no mHBOT. Ty H TaMO nOKa3yjy ce »ajnaaa saaeaor vrna, xoja ey TaRO forara .I1.a CBOjC mHUC H rpaae acrepvjv ua nOlJpllIUHY 3CM.IhCU noxpaBajy jenau nee 3CMJbe xao upHI:i llIKPH.n.aU, 3aWTa HX 1:1 IIp)JCe. Y OBOM ce RJIaCTCJJI:iHCTBy aanue H MHorH CTapH BetrnHoM JanYWTCHH 6PlICKU JaMKOBU, 'Iuje 6H n06mf)Ke HCnHTHB8.H.e HarpaJUUJO rpvn, 188

HaZjjulje, crapo nowe carpabeao MCCTO ea rpaao» (BurgIlecken) ca BCJlI:lKUM aaaacrapoa rppaneaaua IeOjH )lp)I(e U napomjy. bJlH3y oaora MeCTa HaJlaJH ce y cpea WyMC OOTatuapa ca paJUtOHHtJ,OMCTaKJIa, 0 KOjOj caa roBOPHO Ben rope (II KH:.Hra, § 7, aa CTp. 89). TIpc.rry3uMa'i OBe 4>a6pHKe nnana BJlaCHHRY HMaH:.a roaanneer aasvna caao 200 cp:,PHHTH, aa WTa MO)JCC noceve zrpaera KOJlHKO My jc nOTpe6HO H soja na yCXTe, TC jc Y WyMH Ben. Ha"IHHHO SeJlHKC npa3HUHC. Onaane .Il.Occna KOllIKe (Koska) y RJIacTCJJHHcmy BaJlnOBO nonaravr je xpoa aovnape HaCHO na 6H ce y,!lo6HHje nvroaaso. Pe.l1.0BHa tJ,CCTa on Ocesa aa Jloxerv H rpilJl;HlUKy H)lC npexo TOr HaCHlIa, KOjH je npHJIH'IHO llIHpoK U .rryr jeiIHV MRlhy. Masacrapa KaJlybepa IeOjH JlC)I(C Y OBOM BJlaCTe.llllHCTBY HHCY 60raTII H )JCHBC ll.06pHM .o:CJJOM MHJlOCTHI-bC.OHH ca on CBOjHX noaa HMajy TaKO MaJIH npaxon na je jour CyMH.H&O Mory JlH H3 conCTBeHHX caara na npexpaae 8 «anvbepa, -re npeMa TOMe na JlH ne OCTaTH HJIH HX rpeea yKHHytH.

onnc

rpA,l(OBA

M MECTA Y CPEMY

CpeMY yennrre

CPCM, HCTO'IHIt nee Kpaneanae, aaao jc y .naBHHHH Y)JCe rpauaue Hero WTO cy nanac. Ken ce Oil Hnoca aa .uYHaBY nOBY'le JIHlrnja sa jyry, .0:0 Caee, H TO no accra rae ce y lhy YJlHBa pexa EHb (Bich, Bitsch] Ulfil Bocvr (Boszut), oana je crapa Cpea nexao HCTO"IHO OD. 're naaa]e. D.aHalUH:.H ce npy)JCa0.11. nosa, y3 lXYHas, 6 .11.0 MHJba nan,e aa aartan Hero H 8 CTapH. lIYHan fa .aCJlH oa Mauapcse; Calla on Cp6Hje; pexa bHD HJIH Bocvr on CnaBoHHjc na aananao] Ii jY)f(ltoj crpaua. I1Me nonaaa on pHMcKor rnasaor rpana CHpMHjYMa, xoje ua CTapoM HOBUY, lCaMclhy H aarrmcaaa HaJIa3"M aanacauo "lac

189

Synnium, cac Sinnium. nOJI. PHMJI.aHHMa 6110 je oeaj spej nee eaaepajancsc IIaHoHHjc; H nopen 'rora HC HCKH Hapo'iHTH npeneo ca COnCTBeHHMHMCHOM. C~M jc ~.o_nywc HajMaH.H, ana Hajn.nCMCHJ.ffHjH, aajnJlOJl.HHJHH .HaJ6oJhH lICO KPaJhCBHHC. lhnae npcnco je Y .lJCTO nepaaoj Y KOMC YMHJlHa npapona «ao na cc WaJlM H CMCjC. OHa 8306ill1H0 vspauraaa 6pe)!(YJhKC H )IOlIHHe npo6p~H.HM, uraperrua 8 MHPHCHHM unenea, paCTHH.CM H 6HJhCM, 'iHJOJ ce M~O)!(HHH 11pa:mOJl.HKOCTH1pC63 .IUlBIfTH; a H nnonHOCT 'rna Je TOJlMK3 .II.a My Je norpeoaa cecra jcnaa nOfnC.II. CyH'iCB na .11.3 Y HJ xpana HHKHy cee apcre rtrtonoaa. Mc.II. H M MJlCKO nOTeK11H 6H THM KpajeM Ka.JI.6H CTaHOBHHUH y H.eMy 6H11H MHor06pojHH Ii SPCJI.HIi[. eMJha C3M3 0.11. 3 ce6e COOCTBeHOM CHarOM HOCH CS3KOj3KO xopeae, 6HJbe, 6HJhKC, uaehe, npeene, urafine H u6ya.e KojuMa 6J.1y HeMa'iKoj 6HJI3 00TpC6Ha MYKOYpflH3 Hera, aa npaaep CMOKSC,6a.u.eMe, mrroao «ecrea,e, nvnoae, 6peCKSC, xajcnje, mnxee COHXopera, umaprll~, .II.HH.e,IM KOjHX je nOrHHY.IJO H n06HjcHO BHWC U<l:PCKHX on BOJHHK3 aero 0.11. 'rvpcxe cafin,e. I1Ma Ii npeeha, HaJB3Ha .II.Hana MaClIHHa, KOjC He HOCH MaClIHHC Hero HCKy BpcTy lI,HWbHX ypMH H xoje paCTC oco6HTO KOlI Kapaoaaua. He MO)!(e 61fIlf CYMH.e na 68 OB.ll.CBplIO .II.06p:l vcneeane aacnaae, xao Ii naMyK, aHH.lIHH (jenea 6HJhKa 0.11.iHjcr ' CC CCMeHa n06Hja annnro), lIaJLC napnaax, wa¢paH, eoon (Krapp, Farberrothe) Ii CJIIi'iHO. OBJIC ce HaJlaJC H paJJlll'IHTC 6HJbKe, YpHcpe, finne H KOpeH.C aa Ja'iHH, KOjH cy y Heaavxoj HCIlOJH3TH. Ll,a je ursencxa lIHTCJ II npocecop aa 6HJbC JIHHC HKa.u.Y COOM)!(llBOTy HorOM crvnao y OBO6HJbHO UapcTBO, OH 6J.10 CpeMCKOM ckermelonen),
I~ Cper..liMa see rnaaac 8JlCTC ilHH.a; to jeer IllchcpIIC.IUIH.C {ZuKoje Hr..-ajy6e.no ~aT~OMCCO, III1OJlCHCJlIIH.C (Wassermelo-

6tfJbY aanacao MO)!(.Q3 10 qx,JltfjaHaTa H aa paaocr 6oTaHH«apa J.lCnOBpTCO -urraae HOBCKJlaCC Ii spcre 6HJhaKa. Jep oBJIe jc 60raT3 )f(CTBa aa Jhy6HTCJbe. rOpfbll Cpe» (Ober-Synnien), TO jeer JanMHH lICO 3CMJhC nyH jc BHCOKHXSperoaa KOjM IiJHJlaJC llJ SJlaCTCJlHHCTB3 Baeora, npH6mlIKaoajy ce KOJI.Bveoeapa LJ;YHaBY,Hl{Y nopen pexe M npy)!(ajy CC ,[10 .uOH.Cr Cpeaa, TO jCCT 1I0 Y HcrO'IHM ,[ICO. Ko,[l Jlerpoaapannaa raj naaau Speroaa jc caCBMM Y3a1l H He mapa 0.11. jense HeMa'iKe MIl.JbC. Onarne CC npoTC)!(Y Y xpvr OKO Kapnoeana Ii[ CHJlHO ce llIHpe OHaMO npcMa jyry, IiCTOKY Ii Jana,ny. Hanocnerev, caxar nvra OJI. Kapnoaana npeaa jyroHCTOKY O.njCllHOM ce aaeprnaeajv; arm cy TV HajBHWI·!. V pc'leHllM Speroaaaa HJBHpe noaerne IfJ creaa HCKaKaa rYCTa TC'iHOCT no 'iJ.ljCM ce ap:lMaTIt'IHOM MHPHCy H YKYcy na JaKJby'iHTH .II.a6H ee oa H.C Morao npaBHTH HJDpCTaH 6aJ1JaM. HaHJlaJH ce na HCKOJlHKO nO.ll.3CMIIHX ncn.HHa y KOjHM3 CC rtpapona Hrpa H cacraana on cera caaxojaxe ¢Hrype, 06.mtKC H npaaope. Ty CC HaJlaJC H HajHco6H'lHHjc OK3MCHOTIfHC. 3aHCTa je aa )f(an.eH.C llfTO jour najenaa nenana HHjC 'iCCTHTO »cnarasa. Arnt KO TO na Y'lHHH? Hnapa HHey 1l0mYHC Hemannue caao y npHpollHHM HaYKaMa, Hero cy M y aajaehoj MepH HCOCeTJhHBHaa 6HJIQ KaKBY Hc06H'IHY npHpoAHY nojaBy; crpauua HC nOJ1a3COBaMO C HaMepoM na HX np:lHaJla3e H Hcmrryjy, na Ma HHa'iC H 6HJlH nOJHaaaOUH H Jhy6HTCJJ.HnpHpomax peTKOCTM. H TaKO npHp:lllOIIHC CBIiX HllHpcKHX JeM3na ocraje CTaJllIO y MpaKY, Ma KOJDlKO na 6H JacnY)!(HB30 na ce 06jacHH H OClICTJIll. Ocrana nee JCMJhC,0.11. Kapn:0B3U3 .11.0 3eMYHa H Marpoeaue, urraaame cae no Bocvra, paaaa je 1I0_nylliC KaQ naTOC, HO llC)!(H 20 crena BHWC on cpeaaer eoaocraaa DYHaaa H Caae. Orvna rtyTHHK MO)!(C HJMCby Kapaoeaua H Seavaa 0.11.jClUlOM .II.a carnena Mauapcxv H TCMHllIlIapcKH SaHaT, H na BH.l1H cpncxe IllJaHHHC rnc lIC)!(C acnpen eera, a fiocaacxe noaaaa: HJrJICll KOjM YCXHl'iyjC OKO. Ta npocrpana paBHUU3 [earpo je CpCMa; aacnona H.CJllHa TJIa '-IMHM na cna )!(HT3 191

ncnj.norypcK."llYnCK,YROjIlXjcr..-CCOKaOKpBI1PIICIIOKnocejaK<JKOIIlTll' ~aM_a. KOM_aJI jC Tc:.:a~ «cern .no 20 4JyHTII II SIIUlC, a crajc caao 4 no 6 xpajuapa. T~ .ny11eUII ocacacneajv H o~pcn.'byjy JICTH IICIICPOMTIlO; 110 aRO CC ~~Y~~r:rll~l3:~~~ rrpexeanc CTOMa~. TC CC 0,[( J-b1lX !l06l1jc cpJl060JJ.a >111M

190

BffWC pacry ff aaure rtnona !lOHOCe Hero y CnaBOHHjM. A ff CpeMCIeH ceeax jene x.nc6au on 'mere OWCHHUC, Ii vonurre He jene leyKypy3HH (von Mayss oder Kukerus) xao CJlaBOHCKH, tocancxa, xpBaTcKH MJlM urrajepcaa. CaTHMa cc nvrvjc M3" Mcby CBC C3MHX .ao6po ocpateaax OOJha, aa KojHMa pona TOJlHKO nureaaue, KYKVPY3a, npoca, rpawKa, ).I,HH.aH .upyrHx [JJlO!lOBa, na 6H ce y cllY'lajv nome scerae 'IHTaBa HeMa'lKa Morna HJ06iUIHO caatinera. MebyrnM HeM3 H3B03a; orva ce H.HMa uopajv TOBHTII CBHH.C H DOJlOBMH oaaa Teparn aa HeMa'iKy. Ilap Aurelius Probus, pobea y Cpeev, .aOHCOje ro,lI,HHC 280. npBy JI03Y H3 Fpsse H H.CrOBH BOjHMUH 3aCIl,IlHJIH cV H.OM CpeMCKH 6per OKO Kapnoeaua, KOjH ce aaao 6per Almus. Ona'rne ce aaaorpanapcrao pawHpiUIO no uenoj JeM.JhH. 11 jour .aaH .aaHaWH.H, BeJlHKH Kap.!loBa'iKH fiper- H aeroee 6e3l5pojHe na.D.HHC 33ca!)eHH cy 06H.JlHO BMHOBOM1I03QM, xoja He caao WTO naje Haj60.n.e BHHO Hero H aajaaure BHHa y CnaBOHMjM H CpeMY.I~ Ho oner aeaa H3B03a: caera HeK9J1HKO xrusana aKOBa (Eimer) ro.aHWH.C H3B03H ce llVHaBOM .aeJlOM V TeMI-lwnapcKM 6aHaT,lleJIOM y Mauapcxv, y )!(ynaHHjy oa'l (Bees, Baisch) soja JlC)!(H npexo nyra Cpeaa M HCMa BHHorpalla. QcraJIO cc nona]e y caaoj 3CMJhH, M npoza]e aKOB 33 3 no 5 q,oPHHTH.2Il Caa cpeecsa DUHa uajfoaa cy KIl,Il cy crapa 3 no 4 roaaae; nocne 6 rO,lI,HHa OHO ry6H ceo] npajarna rpccsbaaa
I~ xapnosa-co BHHO.BChHHOItI TaItlHOupUCHnH [axe H )!(ecrOKO xan jc rp'IKo.KaJlcc~cJ?CHnnll)C,BeOMajc~paBO.JoUl3.llPaBlljcjc6c.llo"ap.Ilo. a3'1KoBIIHO,K(ljC)C,)J.OllYl1lC,TaKObc)3KO,3.1lHlllljCTIlKOlKccroKoKao upecao II ~pno r01l1l Ha ItIOI(PCHoC. KapnoBUIIM3CCCCItI rora O.5cp611npeeu V jC.II.HO npejemo rmhe o.nHaj60Ibllx II HajJPC.lllljllx rpolll0Ba KO)IICC HCMY.r&ajy II IIC !.Ic.ne, a lOBe cc 6cP~(CT(Tropf-Werrnu!hwein). Tll C.IIan:o DIIIIO jc '1YBCHO IIJIiOJ1ICC '1al( Y HCMa'I'KY. II 111 CPCMCKIIalCOBliMa 30 CpeMCKIIXIIJlI! 42 aycrpHjcKa Maca (Maas.~), II.IlHnOTe)!(IIIIH84q,y.IfTC.llllllllflCCTCPCMCKIIXRI(OBa'lltHCjC.II.IIOpajHCICO 6ypc (S!iicHassj, HCTa)yyJCMIbH60 nolOO.popmrrll,YMcCTOllITOcclla PajHH [cnuo 6ypc rtponajc aa JOIIO ¢oPltIfTH; a pajllcJ(o RIIH(lIlH 1I3l1.i1.1lCICa I!lIjC.KaocpeMcKO -.Mol(p~hHH acxvp, rnxr 1160.llIlR I(()Cro60JhlIIlJlII nonarpa vpa)HCKIiItI cYKpa)CDHM3 onurrc ficnccra a yCpclltYHIU(O:J.a IbHX H He lila

yKyC, nocraje onopo H cymiwe jaxo. Ma KOlll1KO na je BHHO .aHBHO H jestuno, nHBO TalW!)C ach nO'lHH>C na 6HDa OMMJheHO, a ceaxonaeauo ra nHjy "lHOrl-l, napoerro HCMatfKM eraHonHHu,H. TpH 'IeWKa nHBapa HanpaBHJla cy npe HeKOJlHKO nl.!l.HHa BCJlHKe nHBapc ca cywapoM aa jevau Ii CBHM OCTaJlHM UlTO va TO ".II.e, y 3eMYHY, KapJIOBUIlMa H Ilerpoaupannnv, HO y JleTO, .mor epvnnne, He Mory na npaee nIlBO. Ba:>KHa rpaaa nononpaapcne V Cpcav je c6uIWpciDao, aoje je nch nOCTaJlO 3HaTHO H H3 rO.!l.I1He y rommy uanpenvie; 6Yllyhli na 6eJ1HM .ay.aoBHMa, KOjH ce ceaxe ronaac vaaoacaeajv HOBHM CaOeH.CM, cane HHje norpeono .uyro na o.upacry. Hera CBHJleHHX 6y6a H onaajaae H,HXOBHX 'Iaypa HHje TC)KaK rtocao Ii acrtnahvjc Tpy.a TOJlHKO, na H nenora Cpeana npHBJ]at{M CBHJlOrojCTBY. Onnaum,a ceana je no cy.ay TKa'la I13BpCHa aa OCHOBy CBHJICHHXTKaBHHa (zum Aufzug oder zur Kette der seidencn Zeuge), aKO ce «oaau He ITa C'{BHWC TaHKO. Ma KOJlJ.lKO.!l.a 611 6M1JOnpHKJlIl,IlHO aa ony Ll.BChCM60raTY 3CMJhY, ncenapcreo jc .nowe 11 CKOPO jour Hcn03HaTO. Cpcha je aa oaaj xpaj WTO y fheMy BeMa Me.ll.Be.ua. Ho yrOJlHKO je name JlHCI1Ua, .ll.HBJhHX Ma"LJ.aXaH oYKOBa, a OBH nOCJ!C.ll.H.11 orna 61-:1 ce HCTpe6IITH HJlH Sap CM3H.HTH Ka.A 6H a ce KO crapao na npanpena WTO je aa TO notpetino. Jeneaa H .lJ.HBJhHX CBHH.a vonurre HCMa; cpne, aesea«, q:,a3aHH, [apefiaue xaacesapse, )l,HBJhe narxe T3KO!)e HHCY 'ieCTC, 33TO lllTO HX j3KO JlOBC .iUfBJhe Ma'iKe, JUlCI1L1eH OTHue rpa6.1l>HBHUe, aapo-urro MHoro6pojHH OpnOBH. Hacvnpor TOMC, I1Ma MHoro crpHanHLl3, WJhYKa, npenemna. nponn,a, rpnune. .aHBJhHX rvcasa, )K.!l.paJ10Da,pona H t{anJhH, on KOjl1X OBe nocnena,c V pa3HHM CBponCKJ.IM Ii a3HjcKHM 3CMJhaMa CJly)!(C semncoj rocno.lJ.H aa npajarav H CKYOY paaoaonv. Cae paaaauc y CpeMY, Cp6HjH, Bvrapcscj HT.!l._nyHe cy 'tannu, 'iHje je ncno ncpje paanor na cc jaxo JlOBC.21Ty ce aanaae H pa3HC Y HeMa'IKoj

'1<lI"TJMHMay

192

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(ur

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rrraua (votucns) KOjV OC~!aHJI HaJHDajv rrrnua saba ce xarxana V CpeMY H csarpa aa

rnaCHHK BeCHHKa

npeera,

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ce vnorpednaaa

na ce

noxpaaajv

secpehe. On mITOMC )KHBall,H He BliDa ce Saur MHoro KOKOuraxa, ronv60Ba, rvcaxa, narasa H CJlH"IHO. RYPKC cv veuihe. KOH.H, aapoaaro jaxaha KOH.M, He raje CC Y 1l0BOlbHOj MepM: MaH.aK ce aanoxaabvje 113 Mauapcxc H TVPCKe. Ha rwcraaa HJlH crO'IHHM acnauraua KOjC cy "ICCTO .nyra'IKe no
HCKOJlHKO JlOBa. Ty "ICCTO MHJha, saaaae ce MHor06pojHa crane neoenax 00ce HaHJIaJH na name oeana, HO Mcby H.HMa ByKOllH npaee urrerv. A1IH OHC, sao H earnecrc, ocrajv Y nOlbV

nera naca
BYKy. rpy6v

H 3HMH, .naH.Y H KOjH cy TaKO BchHHOM M n:yra'iKV Ho J.lMa

sohv, a svsa jaxa na je jCJl.aH

HX H3BecHa jeJlHHH H

BpcTa

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nopacrao

aajaehea

CV OBUC BYay,

anatuxe, xoje n:ajy xoja CC nponaje aa 18 no 20 CPOPHHTH

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jour

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npvra

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caana.
H KpahV

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KJlCMCfITHHCKHM, je U:CHa 06M"IHO

KOjC .n;ajy MHoro

vaja

30

qopanra.
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Ken

cv

ce 1690.
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OBa ncna aewsa aaana je non Pm.maHHMa .uBallCCCT nvm DHW4 CTaHOBHHKa nero .aaaac; OHa je V TO ,uo6a fiana nocejasa nanpennaa rpanoanaa H aecraaa. Jour V cpCllH.eM BCKV 611110 je V CpeMV nccer oyra eaure lbV.a.M 11 rpanOBa HO can; .nOK roJlHHC 1471. HHCV npoaamna OCMaHH, 11 rpanose, «ecra H ccna rtpersopana y neneo. 3eMlba jc nOHODO 6!U1a nouma CC6H, «an lIH 1739. 6VJlc aarvaneua Cp6Hja 1;1 Bocaa. all Tor 1106a Cpea CC pacCJlIt0i llCJJOM mor 6nHCKor 'rvpcxcr cyccncTBa, xoje eauta .uOBOJlIt no caasojaxnx uenpujaraex 09CJICl\Hua; a 11cnOM H JaTO WTO jc :roor uapaae. crpaxa on xvre It 11PvrHX npenpeKa OTCII<aH J.l3B03 11 VlI03 npaponaax 3CMaJI,CKHX nodapa H3Mcnv Cpeaa H Cp6Mje. OHO «ano rpanoaa H rprOBHurra lllTO HX naaac HMa V CpeMY HHCV HH CCHKa oaora urro cy 6Hllli npe l471, urraaame, «aora MeCTa onYCTOUlcHa V TCWKHM ryPCKHM paTOBHMa HHCY nocne vonurre carpateaa, H

MHoro6pojJill pMH

J.1.nMPH CCJlHlIH

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V CPCM,

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rue jour

cV

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CC HaCenHJIH WMa H

cV OBaMO HCKOllHKO BYHOM, on:

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najfionux

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H A1I6aHUH, npacTapHM

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TalC03BaHe

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norupaua.
Ka.u

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«oxnanaja

CJIaBOHCKC

xvcapcse

peruaerrre,

xoja je

00-

on OHHX Maecnoaaua, pa3MHO)!(aBa OBV BJlCTY oaaua. Ilcecrne ce HaHDe H aa crane avcrpajcxex oaana, 'llija ce ayHa HC MO)l{e V"Ope.!1HTH ca KlICMCHTHHCKOM. KaKO oane HCaa BcnHJ(HX xpaCTOBHx H 6YKOBHX wYMa, TO ce CBHH.C y CpeMV He MorV rajuru raxo jeeruao II MHOro sao V CnaBoHMjM H bOCHH. CBHH.C CC «opajv TOBHTH KYKYPV30M, rra M nWCHHUOM. Ha H3BCCHMM MeCTHMa, 060pH

nobv V Cpea, Hay"lc na roeope

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ce

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Mil aa KOjM Meccu je3HK. On 1770. nonaae DaAMaWUH.!Ju. KaKO no30llY

naac
UHMa.

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ncna .Ilanaamrje,
nen
perMMCHTC, HCMUH If DYHaB rp'iKa Mana HlllI

nx
rora

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V HaQJ.lOHaJlHC

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a OC06HTO A1I6aHuH,

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194

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(Neubauern) nna npebaum,a UHfaHH y BCPCICI1M CV crnapaea TaKO paenoavruaa na ce )lp:lKe Haj6JUI:lKC napoxajcee upxae, HC aonena Spare aa KaKaB ce Ha!.JHH V aoj

wry MMII H CJfy:lKW.I1Ma .nOJl.vwe V 3eMVHV II MvxaMcLlHHa1I,a, ryPCKHX Jeapeja, Jepaeaa H npvrax HCTO'lH.a!.JKHX:'<pll_ umasa on pa3HHX CeIITH, HO OHH He OJl.p:lKanajv jaaao 6orocnvxen,e. Y CpeMY WMa aa Spojv 150 rvcro HaCeJLCHHXrp"lKIIX napoxn]a, 21 ljJH.nHjaJlHa upxaa II 12 IfMyl'iHlIX ncno carpabenax »auacrape, KOjH cV nVHIt xanvbepa. Jlaxo [e narcne cxeararu KaKO je vaoroepojao rp"IKO CBellITeHCTDO,KOjC :lK1tBII KaKO V MaHaCTIlpHMa TalCOH BaH JbIlX. OHO D.P)KHsajmroaHlIje 3CMJl:,e,v6wpa CKOPyn ca oaora xpaja If rojn ce y SoraTHM npeeeaaaaa. H nomaBap ucne rpvxe UPKBC, xoja je patuapeaa y avcrpajceaa npscaaaaa,» TO jeer Kap.nOBa!.JKItMItrponoaar, HMa cane caoje peaoeuo ceaaurre. Y aeroeoj apXHlI;l-ljeQC31t,KOjOM OH xao It CBaKlI rp'lKlI BJlaJlItKa vnpaasa senocpenao, liMa 6 nporononejara (Tj. npenoaarvpa, BHKapHjara, HHCnCKQHja, cynepHHTeH)laHTypa, apxatewoaara), 175 napoxaja ca 28 qlH.nHjarra H 12 J1enHX uauacrapa. Y xaraaoj 3CMJhIt YOlllIlTC HeMa ymtjaTa, HJUI Fpna KOjJ.l PHMCKOf nany npamajv aa nornaaapa onIIITC npaeoacpae UpKDC. Kano y crapo» TalCO H y cpeJllheM BeKY )laHallllhJ.l ce Cpea YBeK cearpao sao nee Cnaaoaajc, 6e3 aeeor HHpo!.JHTor ItMeHa. Kaa ce HHKo1la, lI,HHaCTH3 11110Ka,y npvroj 001l0BHHH XV uexa xpa6po noxaaan y 60p6H npOTHD OCMaHa, Mauapcxa spas, Marnja I KOpBHH HMeHYje ra y rpauy BpaTHC1IaBII aa KPaJba Seese. Jlopeau, rrocnenan aojaoza (Herzog) V EoCHII, niH rora aecpenaor KPaJba Hasone Socaaceor, lIPacao jc nO<JCTKOM XVI aexa BCJflIKO O"lHHCKO BJIaCTeJUmCTDO
za J.C!(IIHOH"CTO'lHaUpKBlI Y EpJlcn.YII YMOJlnaocKoj nYKouIIHII, «ao II Y ra.nIlIlIlJHII JIon(lMCpIIJ~, HC CTO)II IlOJl KUpJrODa'lKIIM snrrponcnwroa, Hero non WlpllrpancKHM naTPIlJapX~M. Cro a ncnCCCT rp'lKIIX n0JX!JIIlua KOjC ce caApXIIIlCJ1araCcJlcyAI(B.IIJlCJVHlfanall.yjyyaYCTPHjCKOM(DpHaYJly,nOT_ naaajv noa pcscuor narpujapxa

Hntuc, na na 6H TOMe nao 1I3pa3a H y ceojoj TItTV.nH, naaoae CC (JojaoOoM EOCHe u HAOKa; II na «pajv '1aK 80j80{)OM cpeAtMa!1<l ra eauapcxa KpYHa xao raeeor HHje nplI3HaJIa. KOHa<JHOje '1HTaSIICTO'IHII neo Kpaneaaae CJIaBOHHje YC1IClI norpeume vnorpece H H3 aeaaaaa aaaeaa Bojaoacrao Cpee, HlTyJla soja xaxan anjc Sana 3aKoHHTa, a nanec je norpelliHa H HeTa!.JHa,MaJl.ace no HaBItQIt jour vnorpercsaaa.» Onaj lICTO'lHII nee Caaeoaaje nena ce npcMa TOfCVL1.yaaea II Cane aa TopIW It Embtl Cpee; nonena on soje HCMa HIIKaKBC KOpIKTII. Eorsa It nnonoaocea]a je OHa rrpeaa KOjOj ce Cpea npBO oneaja y Bojuv rpaanuv, a .upyro V rpanaacev npoaanuajv, xoja ce cacroja 011 caera jennc JKynaltlIje, ca KOjOM nO"lllH,eM.
CKIB!,

III, CpeMCKa lKynaHuja (Die syrmlsehe Gespannschert) QDa )KynaHHja lI3JIa31I aa IICTOKV lIeJllIMIf'{HO na Ilvaaa, )lC.nHMH'lllO aa Bojuv rpamm,y 1I TO ITeTpoBap3!lHHCKC penIMeHTe, eo]a je onne OnKOlLaBa aa H3DCCHIIM MeCTIIMa na IICTO'IHoj, jy:lKHOj H ceaepaoj crpaHH; aa jVJKHOj II aananaoj CTpaHH nporave pexa OlIO HJlH Bocvr H onaaja JKynaHlljy 011 06JlacTH Bpozcxe perwMeHTC, Mana OHa JJe)K1III C OBe crpaae peKC. H c.naBOHCKa:lKynaHlIja Bapoaaraua '1HHIt tra H3BeCHJ.IM MCCTIIMa rpaHHUY rtpeaa aartazrv H ceacpv, HO caao aa MaJlOj lIV)f(HHH 3eM1ha jc V aajaehoj MepH O1IO):(Ha({ 611arOCJIOBCHH )K1tTOM, BHHOM,CTOKOMaa K1IaH.e, DYHOMH CDHJIOM.ly:lK L1.VHaBa I n1l0llHOCT mor Speroea naje TOJfIIKa xao V OCTarrOM .ncJIY KOjll HMa BHllIC paaaane H )({lITl-IllX nOJLa. He 6perODH y

196

197

pa3HJ.lM «pajeaaaa pone MHOrHM BIiHOM xoje jc notipe KaKBOhe II .lICnOM ce H3B03H llYHaooM. C 063HpoM xa penar-ajv rpsxa je MHOro java on PHMCI\O-KBronH'lKC. On CDe 3 acvnauaje, oaa jc" HajMaH>a. Y uoj liMa 33.000 .lhYlllf H 4 nneMJ.lhKa nnacrenaacraa, nopell ueeax MafbHX HMaaa KOjC hy no-era OITHCHBatH 0,[( aanana ca CJlaBOHCKe rpauane. 1) Bnocmeeuuctaeo HYWlllap (Nostar oder Nustar) ttpan~a asuapceo» cppajxepy CPOHSandor (Schandor). Ha CCBep. HO] C1paHH TC'-IC Bvsa (Wuko), xoja ra llenfl on CJlaBOHCKor BJlaCTeJll.lHCTBa Bpnvra H' on cpeacxor BJlaCreJ1HHCrna BVKOaapa. Ha jyry ne)KfI 06JlaCT Bojae rpanane, J.l TO Eponcse peraaeare: na llCTOKV Bvsoaap, a HB aananv .uCJIllMJ.l'-lHOBaKOBO, .lIeJlHMll'lHO cnoaeavra BojHW'-!Ka cfinacr. Ho aa ivrv H3JJa311 OBO MaCTenHHcTBO na Ma.rroj .nV)KHHll H aa PCKV EHo. OHO je BpJlO PO!lHO )KI1TOM. HyWiliap, npnnasao MHhKHM .!l.B0POM: BenHKO rproeaurre ' ca je1lHIIM nne-

H bponapcrao,

B H jC)lHWM H .lIpyrwM 6ane ce craaoaaaua Oaa raxote MHOro rpryjy

HapO'lHrOM npaaeaaoumv.

H aa-

croje na H3nC3V cnoje aaoroopojae nOJbOnplinpenHC rrpoaaaone. Harne caanapcrao He imera amue HO OB.lIC; llV.lIOBa HMa y
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anajv aHMC 0)1 -sera can

npeKO aasvrtua SHWC ox 20.000

(Rentmeister]; ana doperrra npHxOJ(a,

He n06Hjajv 3aTO WTO cy

1pH aotipo aaceeeaa cena on aera oaaojeaa H npanojcaa 6POll.CKHM rpasn'epnva. ByKoeap (Wukovar) rj. Bvso-Ipaa, panaje Bansoeap (Valkowar), npHJIH'lHo BMWK, notipo rpatea II BPJlO aacenea rpau. 0.11; 700 Kylla, rJlaBHH rpau. nenc Cpeacse "lKynaHHjc, JI(,:)KH V npajamoj oxonaan rra 06wM crpaHaMa Bvxe, xoja cc oane YJlHBa y llYHaB H nemr aecro aa cTapH H HOBH rpaa HOBH rpan (die Neustadt] JlC"lKH aa neaoj 06aIlH BYKe, na HHrH je BCJlHK, HlITH llo6po rpaten, HO aaavajan je anae 360r rora lllTO cy CKOPO csa CTaHOBHlIIlH HeMUH aaaarnaje H panHHUH (Fabrikanten), xoja CC jeBTHHO cnvurrajv ll.VHaBoM H3 Be-sa, )lO'lCKyjy oene pallIHpeHHX pyKy H ncopo npexpauvjv. CTapH rpall (die Altstadt), caenrrea aa necaoj 06anH BYKC H Jlvaaea, uaoro je BCI1H, a liMa H llBJlCKO 60.lhc 3rpB)le. )Kynauajc«a xvha, V KOjOj ce Ollp:>KaBajy CKYITllITHHC 'tHraBC lKyITaHHje H 06allJl.ajy jaBHH nOCJlOBll, KOHM'IKa KaeapHa, npocrpaaa cppaaCBa'IKll aaaacrap ca cppaaCBUHMa xojax je V }heM'{ npeKO CTO JI.VllH, nneMHIlKH mop rpopoea CPOH Enu urro ce nanaaa rropea aera, Hr.ll. cV CBe xonepac H BpnO nene xaaeae arpane, oa xojax HOBa CJlCraHTHO carpabeaa :>Kynal-UljcKa xvha, «oja je .nonpweHa TCK 1777, croja aa npBoM Mecry. Ty ce HaIla3H H nourraacea CTaHHua V KOjOj IlYTIUlU({ KOjH nonaae H3 Ocesa a H11Yaa Ieorpazt iv xon,e. no lIpyrH nyr MCH>a-

bach)

JIaHKa (Lanka), MapK)1I9uqa (Markosicza}, Ta60w (GoJ.l MapUH/fU (Mcrincze) 'cV cena aa necao] 06amf BYKC.

2) BenHKO I3l1aciJ1eAUlicilieo ByK08ap l13JJa311 ceaepoaa WCTOKYlICJIllMH'IHO aa apxaerracxoncso BJlacre.nI1HCTBO Ilan, .ue.nI1Mll'lHO na Jlvaaa, a aa jvroaanaztv aa peKy Bocvr ana EHb; aa ceaepv ce rpaHH'l({ C BJlaCTCJlIIHCTBHMaEpnyr H 1la.n,; 3anBJl.Y .nC)Kll Hvurrap, a na HCTOKY l1.nOK. BVKa (die Wu~ od~r Wuko) ;e'lc xpoa aBO BJlBCTCJlHHCTBO,onaaja ra JY)KHOJ C1paHH on Hvurrpa II aa jC!lHV MI1.1hVacnpezt llV' naaa nena ra aa naa aejenuasa nena: oaaj nrro nC:>KW neaoj aa

ua

aa

ofiana II «oja je MaR'" HMa MO'-IBapHO rne. Yro1lHKO je ruronHHjH OCTaraK aa .lICCHoj 06aJlH BYKe, KOjH je nonvure aepaeas, uapovaro npeMa H~OKY ua llVHany, HO arias liMa H3BpCHO )KllTOPO.!lHO rne M aaoro .no6po saceeenax cena. DYHaB H Spoan.aaa BYKB npvacajv npanaxe KaKO aa pH60JlOB TaKO 198

199