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    Sample 7740

    Uploaded by

    Gokul Subramanyan
    146 views11 pages
    Dfgg

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    146 views11 pages

    Sample 7740

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    Gokul Subramanyan
    Dfgg

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    The key takeaways are that the book covers laboratory experiments for electronics engineering students and is intended to support them in practicing experiments. It contains two volumes, with the first volume covering familiarization of components and equipment, basic electronics experiments, and electronic circuits experiments.

    The purpose of the book is to support undergraduate engineering students in related fields of electronics engineering by providing them a manual to practice laboratory experiments. The scope of the book is to cover experiments for basic electronics lab, electronic circuits lab, and digital electronics lab.

    The topics covered in the book include familiarization of electronic components and equipment, characteristics of diodes, transistors, filters, oscillators, amplifiers, timers and other digital circuits.

    Fifth Edition

    Electronics
    Lab Manual Volume 1
    X
    Y

    K.A. Navas
    Electronics
    Lab Manual
    Volume 1
    Fifth Edition

    K.A. NAVAS
    Principal
    Lal Bahadur Shastri College of Engineering
    Kasaragod, Kerala

    Delhi-110092
    2015
    ELECTRONICS LAB MANUAL, Volume 1, Fifth Edition
    K.A. Navas

    © 2015 by PHI Learning Private Limited, Delhi. All rights reserved. No part of this book
    may be reproduced in any form, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission
    in writing from the publisher.

    ISBN-978-81-203-5142-4

    Published by Asoke K. Ghosh, PHI Learning Private Limited, Rimjhim House, 111, Patparganj
    Industrial Estate, Delhi-110092 and Printed by Rajkamal Electric Press, Plot No. 2,
    Phase IV, HSIDC, Kundli-131028, Sonepat, Haryana.
    To
    My parents
    wife
    Dr. Neelofar I.K.
    and children
    Rajath and Sayuj
    Contents

    Preface........................................................................................................................ ix

    1. Familiarization of Electronic Components and Equipment.............................. 1


    1.1 Familiarization of Electronic Components   1
    1.1.1 Passive Electronic Components   1
    1.1.2 Active Electronic Components   12
    1.1.3 Colour Code for Resistors   17
    1.1.4 Coding for Capacitors   19
    1.1.5 Number Codes for Semiconductor Devices   20
    1.2 Familiarization of Equipment   22
    1.2.1 Cathode Ray Oscilloscope   22
    1.2.2 Multimeters   25
    1.2.3 dc Power Source and Signal Generator   27
    1.2.4 Breadboard   29
    1.3 Testing of Electronic Components   29
    1.4 PCB Fabrication   33
    1.5 Soldering Practice   34
    1.6 TransformerWinding Practice   37

    2. Basic Electronics Lab (Solid State Devices Lab)........................................... 40


    2.1 Characteristics of PN Junction Diode   40
    2.2 Characteristics of Zener Diode   45
    2.3 Characteristics of LED   48
    2.4 Rectifier Circuits   50
    2.5 Study of Filter Circuits   65
    2.6 Clipping Circuits (Shunt Clippers)   72
    2.7 Clipping Circuits (Series Clippers)   83
    2.8 Clipping Circuits Using Zener Diode   86
    2.9 Clamping Circuits   90
    2.10 Clamping Circuits Using Zener Diodes   95
    2.11 CE Characteristics of Transistor   97
    2.12 CB Characteristics of Transistor   106
    2.13 Characteristics of JFET   112
    2.14 Characteristics of MOSFET   116
    v
    vi   Contents

    2.15 Characteristics of UJT   119


    2.16 RC Integrator   124
    2.17 RC Differentiator   127
    2.18 RC Low Pass Filter   131
    2.19 RC High Pass Filter   134
    2.20 Characteristics of SCR   137
    2.21 Series Resonant Circuit   139
    2.22 Parallel Resonant Circuit   142
    2.23 Characteristics of Triac   144
    2.24 Characteristics of Diac   146

    3. Electronic Circuits Lab....................................................................................169


    3.1 Transistor Biasing Circuits   169
    3.2 JFET Biasing Circuits   175
    3.3 Fixed Bias Amplifier Circuit Using BJT   180
    3.4 Common Emitter Amplifier Using BJT   183
    3.5 Common Collector Amplifier Using BJT   194
    3.6 RC Phase Shift Oscillator   198
    3.7 Wien Bridge Oscillator   202
    3.8 Hartley and Colpitts Oscillators   205
    3.8.1 Hartley Oscillator   206
    3.8.2 Colpitts Oscillator   208
    3.9 UJT Relaxation Oscillator   209
    3.10 Crystal Oscillator   213
    3.11 Bistable Multivibrator   216
    3.12 Monostable Multivibrator   222
    3.13 Astable Multivibrator   228
    3.14 Schmitt Trigger   235
    3.15 Feedback Amplifiers   240
    3.16 Zener Diode Regulator   245
    3.17 Series Voltage Regulator   248
    3.18 Series Voltage Regulator with Feedback   252
    3.19 Voltage Doublers   258
    3.20 Power Amplifier   261
    3.21 Cascode Amplifier   265
    3.22 Tuned Amplifier   269
    3.23 Two-stage RC-coupled Amplifier   273
    3.24 Common Source JFET Amplifier   277
    3.25 Differential Amplifier Using BJT   283
    3.26 Differential Amplifier with Constant Current Source   286
    3.27 Transistor as a Switch   290
    3.28 Sweep Wave Generator   294
    3.29 Linear Sweep Wave Generator   298
    3.30 Bootstrap Sweep Circuit   299
    3.31 Miller Sweep Circuit   303
    3.32 UJT Control of SCR   306
    Contents vii
    3.33 Triac Controlled by Diac   308
    3.34 Controlled Full Wave Rectifier   309
    3.35 Controlled Bridge Rectifier   310
    3.36 Basic Operational Amplifier Circuits   311
    3.36.1 Zero Crossing Detector   311
    3.36.2 Inverting Amplifier   312
    3.36.3 Noninverting Amplifier   313
    3.36.4 Voltage Follower   314
    3.36.5 Summing Amplifier   315
    3.36.6 Difference Amplifier   315
    3.36.7 Integrator   316
    3.36.8 Differentiator   318
    3.37 Astable Multivibrator Using Op-amp   321

    4. Simulation using PSpice..................................................................................326


    4.1 Familiarization with PSpice   326

    5. Digital Electronics Lab....................................................................................342


    5.1 Realization of Logic Gates Using Diodes and Transistors   342
    5.2 Familiarization of Digital ICs and Trainer Kit   350
    5.3 TTL Characteristics   355
    5.4 Verification of De Morgan’s Theorems   361
    5.5 Realization of Logic Functions Using Universal Gates   363
    5.6 Adders and Subtractors   366
    5.7 Adder and Subtractor Using 7483   373
    5.8 Code Converters   382
    5.9 Timing Circuits Using Gates   390
    5.10 Timing Circuits Using ICs 74121 and 74123   394
    5.11 Flip Flops Using Gates   399
    5.12 Shift Registers   404
    5.13 Ring Counter and Johnson Counter   409
    5.14 Shift Register, Ring and Johnson Counters Using IC 7495   414
    5.15 Ring Counter and Johnson Counter Using 74194   417
    5.16 Asynchronous Counters   419
    5.17 Synchronous Counters   425
    5.18 Counter ICs   436
    5.19 Magnitude Comparator   441
    5.20 Multiplexer Using Logic Gates   444
    5.21 Demultiplexer Using Gates   447
    5.22 Study of Multiplexer ICs   448
    5.23 Logic Design Using Multiplexer ICs   454
    5.24 Study of Demultiplexer and Decoder ICs   459
    5.25 Logic Design Using Demux/Decoder ICs   466
    5.26 Encoder and Decoder   467
    5.27 Binary Sequence Generator   473
    5.28 Sequence Detector   474
    viii   Contents

    5.29 Static Display   482


    5.30 Analog to Digital Converter   485
    5.31 Digital to Analog Converter   488
    5.32 Priority Encoder   491
    5.33 Parity Generator and Checker Using Gates   493
    5.34 8-bit Odd/Even Parity Checker/Generator Using IC   495
    5.35 Schmitt Trigger Using 7414 IC   497
    5.36 CMOS Characteristics   499
    5.37 TTL-CMOS Interconnections   501
    5.38 Study of Semiconductor Memories   502
    5.39 Astable Multivibrator Using 555   505
    5.40 Monostable Multivibrator Using 555 IC   510

    Appendix 1:  Silicon Rectifier Diodes 1N4001–1N4007............................. 527


    Appendix 2: Germanium Diode OA79.................................................... 528
    Appendix 3: General
     Purpose Small Signal NPN Bipolar
    Transistor BC107............................................................... 529
    Appendix 4: Silicon Power Transistor 2N3055....................................... 531
    Appendix 5: Unijunction Transistor 2N2646........................................... 532
    Appendix 6: LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902.......................................... 539
    Appendix 7: Timer................................................................................ 541
    Appendix 8: IC Numbers and Their Description.................................... 543
    Index...................................................................................................... 547
    Preface

    A large number of good quality academic books are available in the market in the field of
    analysis of electronic circuits. But there remains a substantial void in its complementary
    field; design of electronic circuits. This book is intended to support the students of
    undergraduate engineering in the related fields of electronics engineering for practicing
    laboratory experiments.
    This book is the first of the two volumes of electronics lab manuals. It contains five
    chapters. First chapter introduces the electronic components and equipment, and some
    experiments for electronics workshop. Three chapters cover experiments for basic electronics
    lab, electronic circuits lab and digital electronics lab. One chapter is dedicated to the
    simulation of analog and digital experiments using PSpice. Each experiment is structured
    in a format of aim, components and equipment required, theory, circuit diagram, tables,
    graphs, alternate circuits, answered questions and troubleshooting techniques.
    Detailed descriptions of the experiments are avoided, since it is beyond the scope
    of the book. Therefore, the students are advised to delve in other books for profound
    understating of theoretical aspects.
    It is expected that this book will be useful for undergraduate students of electrical science
    branches of engineering and applied science. I welcome suggestions for the improvement
    in the book.

    K.A. Navas

    ix
    Electronics Lab Manual

    25%
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    Publisher : PHI Learning ISBN : 9788120351424 Author : NAVAS, K. A.

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