2 Chemical Changes - Evidences of Chemical Reactions

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Unit 3 – Changes of Matter

Time Frame 4 weeks


Competencies
C1. Appreciate the practical applications of phase/chemical changes.
C2. Demonstrate understanding of the laws governing chemical changes.
C3. Demonstrate the ability to use symbols, formulas and chemical equations in
explaining chemical equations.

CHEMICAL CHANGES- EVIDENCES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Time Frame 1 session

I. Learning Objectives
At the end of the session, the students must be able to:
1. Explain the implied information derived from a balanced chemical equation;
2. Predict products from given reactants;
3. Write chemical equations.

II. Subject Matter


Topic: Chemical Changes

A. References
1.Department of Education, Culture and Sports. (1991). Science and Technology
III. Quezon City: Book Media Press, pp. 85-94.
2.Brown, Theodore l., LeMay, H. Eugene Jr., and Bursten, Bruse E., Chemistry
the Central Science, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2000, pp. 11-12.
3.Hill John W., and Kolb, Doris K., Chemistry for Changing Times, 7th Edition,
London: Prentice Hall International, pp.14.
4. Merrill pp. 100-101.
5. Addison Wesley pp. 187-198.

B. Materials
Dilute HCl
Zn from dry cell battery
Match
Vinegar
Baking Soda
Dilute NAOH
Mayana extract
Gumamela extract

III. Learning Tasks


A. Recall and Motivation
1. What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change?
2. Do substances change identity when they change their state?
3. What changes occur during a chemical reaction?

B. Lesson Proper
1. Activity: “Different Evidences of Chemical Change” (SAS 3-02)
a. Put 10ml of HCl (Dilute) in a test tube. Get a piece of Zn (from inside a
dry cell battery) and polish it with sandpaper. Cut into a smaller pieces
and drop into the tube. Cover the test tube with a piece of cardboard for a
few seconds then remove cover and immediately put a lighted matchstick
to the mouth of the tube. Take note of all changes taking place.
b. To 10 ml of vinegar in a bottle (with narrow mouth), add a teaspoon of
baking soda. Immediately put a candle to the mouth.
c. To 5 ml dilute HCl, add 5 ml dilute NaOH, and touch the glass container
to check for change of temperature.
d. To 5 ml dilute NaOH, add extract of mayana or gumamela.

2. Discussion / Concept Formation


a. What are evidences of a chemical reaction? What is the popping sound
due to? What else indicates the release of a gas in the reaction?
b. What do you call substances before they react? After the reaction?
c. Let us try to write the chemical reactions that we saw:
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
C2H4O2 + NaHCO3 → C2H3O2Na + H2O + CO2

C. Generalization
1. In any reaction, the reactants are the substances that undergo chemical change.
Products are formed from the change.
2. Each name of reactant or product is translated into symbols or formula.
3. Products can be predicted on the basis of how the reactants undergo change.

D. Application/ Valuing
1. In a given time, an incredible number of chemical reactions are occurring.
2. In some reactions, element combine to form compounds. In other reactions,
compounds break into elements; or in other reactions, one element replaces
another.

E. Agreement
Bring materials for the next class.

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