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    Components of Skeletal System

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    Shanie Lee Cortes
    The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Bones provide structure and support, protect organs, allow for movement, facilitate blood cell production, and store minerals. There are two types of bone formation: intramembranous ossification where bone forms within connective tissue, and endochondral ossification where cartilage is replaced by bone. Bones come in long, short, flat, and irregular shapes and are composed of compact cortical bone or spongy cancellous bone. Long bones specifically have a diaphysis, epiphyses, marrow cavity, articular cartilage, and periosteum.

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    Components of Skeletal System

    Uploaded by

    Shanie Lee Cortes
    38 views4 pages
    The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Bones provide structure and support, protect organs, allow for movement, facilitate blood cell production, and store minerals. There are two types of bone formation: intramembranous ossification where bone forms within connective tissue, and endochondral ossification where cartilage is replaced by bone. Bones come in long, short, flat, and irregular shapes and are composed of compact cortical bone or spongy cancellous bone. Long bones specifically have a diaphysis, epiphyses, marrow cavity, articular cartilage, and periosteum.

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    The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Bones provide structure and support, protect organs, allow for movement, facilitate blood cell production, and store minerals. There are two types of bone formation: intramembranous ossification where bone forms within connective tissue, and endochondral ossification where cartilage is replaced by bone. Bones come in long, short, flat, and irregular shapes and are composed of compact cortical bone or spongy cancellous bone. Long bones specifically have a diaphysis, epiphyses, marrow cavity, articular cartilage, and periosteum.

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    38 views4 pages

    Components of Skeletal System

    Uploaded by

    Shanie Lee Cortes
    The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Bones provide structure and support, protect organs, allow for movement, facilitate blood cell production, and store minerals. There are two types of bone formation: intramembranous ossification where bone forms within connective tissue, and endochondral ossification where cartilage is replaced by bone. Bones come in long, short, flat, and irregular shapes and are composed of compact cortical bone or spongy cancellous bone. Long bones specifically have a diaphysis, epiphyses, marrow cavity, articular cartilage, and periosteum.

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    COMPONENTS OF SKELETAL SYSTEM FUNCTIONS:

     Bone
     Cartilage: 1. Support
    Reduce friction and model for bone formation
    2. Protect
     Tendons:
    3. Movement
    Attach bone to muscle
     Ligaments: 4. Storage

    Attach bone to bone 5. Blood Cell Production

    BONE FORMATION
     Ossification:
    Process of bone formation
     Osteoblast’s role:
    > build bone
    TWO TYPES OF OSSIFICATION
    > after an osteoblast becomes 1. Intramembranous Ossification

    surrounded by bone - bone formation within connective


    tissue membranes
     Ossification Center:
    - Osteoblasts build bone
    where bone formation begins
    -Ex. Skull Bones
     Primary Ossification Center:
    2. Endochondral Ossification
    > where bone 1st begins to appear
    > forms diaphyses - bone formation inside cartilage

     Secondary Ossification Center: - cartilage models are replaced by bone


    STEPS IN ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION
    1. Chondroblasts build a cartilage model,
    the chondroblasts become chondrocytes.
    2. Cartilage model calcifies (hardens)
    3. Osteoblasts invade calcified cartilage
    and a primary ossification center forms diaphysis.
    4. Secondary ossification centers form epiphysis.
    5. Original cartilage model is almost completely
    ossified and remaining cartilage is articular cartilage.

    BONE SHAPES
     LONG: longer than they are wide
    Ex. Femur, Tibia, Fibula
     SHORT: round or nearly cube-shaped
    Ex. Carpals, tarsals, phalanges
     FLAT: thin, flattened shape and are usually curved
    Ex. Ribs, sternum, skull
     IRREGULAR: have shapes that do not readily fit into
    the other three categories.
    Ex. Vertebrae and facial.
    CLASSIFICATION OF BONES LONG BONE STRUCTURES
     Based on shape:  DIAPHYSIS:
    - shaft
    Long, short, flat, irregular
    - compact bone tissue (on outside)
     Type of bone tissue:
    - part between the epiphysis
    Compact and spongy (cancellous)  EPIPHYSIS
    - ends
    - spongy bone tissue
    - expanded part of long bone at each end
     ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
    - covers epiphysis
    - reduces friction
     EPIPHYSEAL PLATE:
    - site of growth
    - between diaphysis and epiphysis
     MEDULLARY CAVITY:
    - center of diaphysis
    - red or yellow marrow
     PERIOSTEUM:
    - membrane around bone’s outer surface
     ENDOSTEUM:
    COMPACT BONE TISSUE
     LOCATION:
    TWO TYPES OF BONE TISSUE
    - outer part of diaphysis (long bones) and thinner surfaces of other
     COMPACT BONE TISSUE bones
     SPONGY BONE TISSUE
    SPONGY BONE TISSUE:
     Cancellous bone

     LOCATION:
    - epiphysis of long bones and center of other bone

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