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    IT 220: Computer Organization: Part I-C: Computer Hardware Components

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    Louie Jay Gitgitin Salvaña
    This document discusses computer hardware components and organization. It defines computer architecture as including the instruction set architecture, microarchitecture, and hardware. It describes the five classic components of a processor as input, control, memory, datapath, and output. It also discusses Von Neumann and Harvard architectures, the memory hierarchy including caches, and input/output devices and networks.

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    IT 220: Computer Organization: Part I-C: Computer Hardware Components

    Uploaded by

    Louie Jay Gitgitin Salvaña
    61 views10 pages
    This document discusses computer hardware components and organization. It defines computer architecture as including the instruction set architecture, microarchitecture, and hardware. It describes the five classic components of a processor as input, control, memory, datapath, and output. It also discusses Von Neumann and Harvard architectures, the memory hierarchy including caches, and input/output devices and networks.

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    This document discusses computer hardware components and organization. It defines computer architecture as including the instruction set architecture, microarchitecture, and hardware. It describes the five classic components of a processor as input, control, memory, datapath, and output. It also discusses Von Neumann and Harvard architectures, the memory hierarchy including caches, and input/output devices and networks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    61 views10 pages

    IT 220: Computer Organization: Part I-C: Computer Hardware Components

    Uploaded by

    Louie Jay Gitgitin Salvaña
    This document discusses computer hardware components and organization. It defines computer architecture as including the instruction set architecture, microarchitecture, and hardware. It describes the five classic components of a processor as input, control, memory, datapath, and output. It also discusses Von Neumann and Harvard architectures, the memory hierarchy including caches, and input/output devices and networks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    IT

    220: Computer
    Organization
    PART I- C: COMPUTER HARDWARE COMPONENTS
    Defining Computer
    Architecture
    “Old” view of computer architecture
    ◦ Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) design
    ◦ Decisions regarding:
    ◦ registers, memory addressing, addressing modes, instruction operands, etc.

    “Real” computer architecture


    ◦ Specific requirements of target machine
    ◦ Design to maximize performance within constraints: cost, power, and
    availability
    ◦ Includes ISA, microarchitecture, hardware

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 2
    Organization
    The Five Classic Processor
    Components of a
    Computer Input

    Control

    Memory

    Datapath
    Output

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 3
    Von Neumann Machines
    Three basic hardware subsystems (CPU, memory and I/O)
    Sequential operation
    Single path between main memory and the control unit of
    the CPU, i.e. the Von Neumann bottleneck

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 4
    Harvard Architecture
    Class of Von Neumann architectures that provide
    independent pathways for data addresses, data, instruction
    addresses and instructions
    Allows the CPU to access instructions and data
    simultaneously

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 5
    Von Neumann vs. Harvard
    Architectures

    Source: R. Baron and L. Higbie, “Computer Architecture,” Addison Wesley, 1992.

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 6
    Computer System
    Components
    CPU CPU

    Cache Cache
    Busses

    adapters
    Memory

    Controllers

    Disks
    I/O Devices:
    Displays Networks
    Keyboards

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 7
    The Memory Hierarchy

    Slows down and gets larger moving away from CPU


    Can substantially improve performance due to locality and
    speed of smaller memories

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 8
    I/O Devices
    “Messiest” in terms of organization
    Wide range of speed, e.g. graphics vs. keyboard
    Wide range of requirements, e.g. speed, standard, cost, etc.
    Least amount of research

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 9
    Networks

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 10

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