Learning Activity Sheet: Chapter 3 Review of Related Literature
Learning Activity Sheet: Chapter 3 Review of Related Literature
Learning Activity Sheet: Chapter 3 Review of Related Literature
Activity Title
Learning Targets
Learning Concepts
Focus on numerous investigations on how the Specific direction by which the research will
phenomena occur. have to be undertaken.
Pautasso (2013) enumerated ten simple rules for writing a literature review:
1. Define the topic and audience.
2. Search and re-search the literature.
3. Take note notes while reading.
4. Choose the type of review you wish to write.
5. Keep the review focused, but make if of broad interest.
6. Be critical and consistent.
7. Find a logical structure.
8. Make use of feedback.
9. Include your own relevant research.
10. Be up-to-date in your review of literature and studies.
List down all the important variables which you need in your study.
Investigate the question stated.
Check the population you want to include in your study, Conduct a library research. Examine
all the materials.
Know how to write citation where you can include the author.
Review the synthesize these findings that support or reject your hypothesis or research
questions.
Use online computers to find researcher.
Synthesize the review literature.
In books, for example:
Look over the table of contents and circle those you think are relevant in your project.
Index of textbooks –gives specific page locations of key ideas in the book .
Glossary –lists and defines key terms.
Bibliography –is a listing of resources an author has used or recommends.
1. Argumentative Review
This form examines literature selectively.
2. Integrative Review
This is considered a form of research that reviews critiques and synthesizes representative
literature.
3. History Review
The purpose of historical review is to systematically examine past events.
4. Mythological Review
It reviews method of analysis provides a framework of understanding at different levels.
5. Systematic Review
The purpose of a systematic review is to attain conclusion regarding the chosen topic.
6. Theoretical Review
The purpose of this form is to examine the body of theory that has accumulated in regard
to an issue.
IN-TEXT CITATION
Direct quotation – use quotation marks around the quote and include page numbers.
Samovar and Porter (1997) point out that “language involves attaching meaning to symbols”
(p.188). Alternatively, “language involves attaching meaning to symbols” (Samovar & Porter, 1997,
p.188)
APA FORMAT:
REFERENCING: Last Name, Initial of the Author’s First Name. (Year). Title. Place of Publication:
Publisher.
IN-TEXT CITATION:
(Last Name of the author, Year) or Last name of the author (Year)
MLA FORMATING AND STYLE GUIDE
IN-TEXT CITATIONS
1. if the author’s name is mentioned in the sentence, only cite the page number.
2. if the author’s name is not mentioned in the sentence, cite both the name and the page
number.
3. font and capitalization must match that in the reference list.
long quotations (more than 3 lines) should be indented
4. if you are citing more than one reference at the same point in a document, separate the
references with a semicolon (example: Faltado1110; Pogoy 101).
5. if the work has no author, use the title.
6. if you are citing two works by the same author, put a coma after the author’s name and add
the title words. (Boholano, “Fractality” 23) to distinguish between them in the in-text
citation. Do this when citing each of the sources throughout the piece of writing.
7. If two authors have the same surname, use their first initial (H. Boholano 65)
Example 1: (MLA)
Smith, John. Deconstructing Colonialism: the discourse of the Empire, 1837-1898.
Bloomington, IL: Illinois Wesleyan UP, 1998.
Computer College
Example 1: (APA)
Smith, J. (1998). Deconstructing Colonialism: the discourse of the Empire, 1837-1898.
Bloomington, IL: Illinois Wesleyan University Press.
RESEARCH ETHICS
“Ethical writing is clear, accurate, fair and honest” as mentioned by Kolin (2002).
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ETHICAL PRACTICE
1. Obtained informed consent from participants.
2. There should be no pressure on individuals to participate.
3. Respect individual autonomy.
4. Avoid causing harm Maintain anonymity and confidentiality
5. Take particular care in research with vulnerable groups.
PLAGIARISM
• Most widely recognized and one of the most serious violations of the contract between the
reader and the writer (Roig, 2002).
• Using someone’s words or ideas, and passing them off as your own.
TWO MAJOR TYPES:
• PLAGIARISM OF IDEAS
• PLAGIARISM OF TEXT